WO2018103112A1 - Wireless sensing network monitoring system, fulcrum and gateway - Google Patents

Wireless sensing network monitoring system, fulcrum and gateway Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018103112A1
WO2018103112A1 PCT/CN2016/109440 CN2016109440W WO2018103112A1 WO 2018103112 A1 WO2018103112 A1 WO 2018103112A1 CN 2016109440 W CN2016109440 W CN 2016109440W WO 2018103112 A1 WO2018103112 A1 WO 2018103112A1
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module
fulcrum
gateway
network
monitoring system
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PCT/CN2016/109440
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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吴俨
孙继通
许晨光
黄骁琰
黄宏伟
王飞
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无锡悟莘科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2018103112A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018103112A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/04—Arrangements for maintaining operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H04W40/20—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on geographic position or location
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H04W40/22—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing using selective relaying for reaching a BTS [Base Transceiver Station] or an access point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
    • H04W52/0229—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal where the received signal is a wanted signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wireless sensor network technologies, and in particular, to a wireless sensor network monitoring system and a fulcrum and a gateway in the system.
  • the wireless sensor network is composed of a large number of micro sensor fulcrums deployed in the monitoring area.
  • a multi-hop self-organizing network system formed by wireless communication is widely used in many fields such as intelligent transportation, environmental monitoring, and medical and health. .
  • the existing wireless sensor network monitoring system is shown in Figure 1. It is divided into two types: sensor fulcrum and relay fulcrum.
  • the relay fulcrum is only information relay in communication.
  • the sensor fulcrum only performs data collection and information transmission. There is no information.
  • the ability to transfer, so the fulcrum is in the form of a star network. This kind of architecture needs to be specially designed and designed for the actual situation of the application scenario.
  • the present invention provides a wireless sensor network monitoring system for the above problems, comprising a plurality of pivot points, a gateway and a remote server, wherein:
  • Multiple fulcrums form a multi-hop network for collecting data and transmitting data to the gateway;
  • Gateway for forwarding data to a remote server
  • a remote server for receiving data and performing subsequent processing
  • the multi-hop network forms a multi-layer topology, with each layer including one or more fulcrums.
  • the multi-layer topology includes mesh, tree, star, and line topologies.
  • the multi-layer topology is dynamically changing.
  • the multi-layer topology is a 10-layer topology.
  • the fulcrum enters sleep mode when there is no data transmission.
  • the manner of forming the multi-hop network is: the gateway sends out the first group of network frames; the fulcrum that can receive the first group of network frames joins the network as the first layer fulcrum, and then sends the second group of network frames; The fulcrum of the network frame is added to the network as the fulcrum of the second layer, and then the third group of network frames is sent, and the multi-layer topology is formed by analogy; the preset condition is met, and the networking is completed.
  • the fulcrum when receiving the network frame, the fulcrum confirms whether it has the network access condition according to the signal threshold, and if it is available, joins the network, otherwise it does not join the network.
  • the confirming whether or not the network access condition is included includes comparing the network frame signal strength and the signal threshold, and is greater than the threshold.
  • the working mode of the same layer simultaneous transmission is adopted, that is, when the first layer fulcrum is uploading data, the single layer fulcrum is simultaneously transmitted; when the second layer fulcrum is uploading data, the double layer fulcrum is simultaneously transmitted.
  • system is applied to infrastructure monitoring and the fulcrums are distributed over the infrastructure.
  • the invention also proposes a fulcrum in the above wireless sensor network monitoring system, which is characterized in that:
  • a sensing module for collecting data including a dual tilt sensor module and/or a laser ranging sensor module;
  • MCU controller with embedded system for controlling other modules in the fulcrum and performing functions that make up a multi-hop network.
  • the sensing module includes a main sensing module and an auxiliary sensing module.
  • the main sensing module is compatible with the data interface, including a MEMS type tilt sensor, a high precision laser sensor, a 0-20 mA type sensor, a 0-5V type sensor, a 400-6000 Hz type vibrating wire type sensor, and a resistance type sensor.
  • the interface module includes a wireless communication module.
  • a power supply module a storage module, and/or a clock control module are further included.
  • the power supply module is used to provide power and management of the entire fulcrum, and is built in the fulcrum Medium, standard industrial battery.
  • the invention also provides a gateway in the above wireless sensor network monitoring system, which is characterized in that:
  • MCU controller with embedded system for controlling other modules in the fulcrum and performing functions that make up a multi-hop network.
  • the interface module includes a mobile communication wireless module that communicates with the remote server by the MESH wireless module in communication with the fulcrum.
  • the interface module also includes a standard industrial interface.
  • a storage module a power module, a low power supply module and/or a clock control module connected to the power module are further included.
  • the power module is used to provide power and management of the entire gateway, and is built into the gateway as a standard industrial grade battery.
  • a health module and an auxiliary sensing module for monitoring the health of the gateway are also included.
  • the MCU controller includes a first MCU controller and a second MCU controller connected to each other, and the first MCU controller is connected to the MESH wireless module, the low power supply module, the health module, the auxiliary sensing module, and the clock control module;
  • the second MCU controller is connected to the interface module, the storage module, the low power supply module, and the clock control module.
  • the wireless sensor network monitoring system of the present invention does not have a relay function fulcrum in a strict sense, because the fulcrum constitutes a multi-hop network of a multi-layer topology, and each fulcrum has both a function and a relay function, so that It makes the monitoring and deployment of complex space (such as underground complex space, especially affected by multipath effect generated in wireless signal transmission) more convenient and reliable; even if there is a fulcrum failure, it will not affect the collection and upload of other pivot data;
  • the fault fulcrum can perform remote diagnosis according to its historical data through the fulcrum health module and the auxiliary sensing module carried by the fault fulcrum, and clarify the work content of the on-site maintenance; and this architecture allows the fulcrum to enter the sleep mode to reduce energy consumption and extend Use time; the fulcrum and gateway in the system use a combination of processor and embedded system, which can be beneficial Configuration and execution of functions.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of an existing wireless sensor network architecture
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wireless sensor network monitoring system architecture in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fulcrum in a wireless sensor network monitoring system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the structure of a gateway in a wireless sensor network monitoring system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a wireless sensor network monitoring system in accordance with the present invention. It includes multiple pivots, gateways, and remote servers. Multiple pivots form a multi-hop network for collecting data and transmitting data to the gateway, and then forwarding the data to a remote server for subsequent processing.
  • a plurality of fulcrums form a multi-hop network having a multi-layer topology
  • each layer may include one or more fulcrums
  • the lowest fulcrum transmits the collected data to the upper fulcrum, the uppermost layer
  • the fulcrum sends the received data and the data collected by itself to the gateway, and the fulcrum of the other layer receives the data from the lower fulcrum and sends it to the upper fulcrum together with the data collected by the fulcrum.
  • Multi-layer topologies include mesh, tree, star, and line topologies, and can dynamically change based on network load conditions, signal strength, signal interference, or the number of fulcrums, such as when there is interference from external objects (such as train passing , metal barriers, etc.), the signal of a certain fulcrum in the network becomes stronger or weaker (such as antenna damage), the network increases (for example, the monitoring scale increases and a new fulcrum is added) or the fulcrum is reduced (for example, the fulcrum appears
  • the shape of the multi-layer topology and the number of topological layers can be changed to adapt to new scenarios and network conditions when the fault is met or other predetermined conditions are met.
  • This dynamic change can also be performed periodically or when certain conditions are exceeded for a certain time threshold to avoid frequent and occasional changes to the network topology.
  • the number of layers of the multilayer topology is preferably 10 layers.
  • the fulcrum can enter sleep mode when there is no data transmission, receive a wake-up frame or have The data is restored when the data is to be transferred or arrives at the scheduled time.
  • the wireless sensor network system can be applied to infrastructure monitoring such as bridges, tunnels, buildings, etc., wherein the fulcrum is distributed on the infrastructure, and the gateway can be set at a position convenient for communicating with the fulcrum and remotely communicating with the remote server or being movable. Form, such as a handheld smart terminal.
  • the fulcrum includes a sensing module for collecting data, including a main sensing module and an auxiliary sensing module, and the main sensing module is compatible with a data interface, including a MEMS type tilt sensor, a high precision laser sensor, a 0-20 mA type sensor, 0-5V.
  • Type sensor 400-6000Hz type vibrating wire sensor, resistance type sensor
  • interface module includes wireless communication module for connecting with gateway and/or other fulcrum to receive and send data
  • power supply module is used to provide power and management of the entire fulcrum Built into the fulcrum, it is a standard industrial grade battery, typically using standard industrial grade 1 battery
  • FLASH storage module is used for data and program storage
  • Control to perform including parameter configuration, data transceiving and relaying, power management, data dynamics
  • the functions of storing, monitoring fulcrum health, fulcrum positioning, etc., and also performing the functions of forming a multi-hop network enable the fulcrum to form a network together with other fulcrums.
  • the parameter configuration includes parameters such as a monitoring period, a radio frequency band, a network access threshold, and a relay time.
  • the sensing module can be a dual tilt sensor module or a laser ranging sensor module.
  • the tilting sensor fulcrum of the double tilt sensor module is equipped with a 2/3A industrial grade battery.
  • the whole machine size is 51x50x40mm, and the monitoring frequency is 1 hour.
  • the laser ranging fulcrum with laser ranging sensor module has a built-in D-type industrial battery, the whole machine size 100x100x60mm, with a monitoring frequency of 1 hour, it can work for more than 5 years through its wireless sensor network technology and hardware low-power design concept.
  • the gateway includes an interface module, a power module, a storage module, a power supply module, a clock control module, a health module, an auxiliary sensing module, and an MCU controller.
  • the MESH wireless module is used to communicate with the fulcrum
  • the mobile communication wireless module is used to communicate with the remote server
  • the mobile communication wireless module is replaceable mobile.
  • the base station network module is compatible with 2/3/4/5G networks, and is configured according to network system differences in different geographical areas.
  • the standard industrial interface is used to connect with the on-site industrial computer in a wired manner.
  • the power module includes a battery-powered main module and a DC module.
  • the low-power power supply module is connected to the power module, the storage module is an SD card, and the health module includes a power quantity monitoring and a temperature sensor, which can effectively sense the gateway itself.
  • the state of health includes a first MCU controller and a second MCU controller connected to each other, the first MCU controller connecting the MESH wireless module, the low power supply module, the health module, the auxiliary sensing module, and the clock The control module; the second MCU controller is connected to the interface module, the storage module, the low power supply module, and the clock control module.
  • the MCU controller has an embedded system for controlling the operation of other modules in the gateway, including wireless networking and TCP/IP connection with the server, data forwarding, energy management, data storage, self-positioning, health monitoring, and parameter configuration.
  • the parameter configuration includes configuration of parameters such as monitoring period, wireless channel, and data return time. Through interaction with the information of the fulcrum, the MCU controller controls the fulcrum to form a multi-hop network.
  • the power supply module is used to provide power and management of the entire gateway, and is built in the gateway and is a standard industrial grade battery.
  • the gateway can be built with four D-type industrial grade batteries, the whole size is 180x140x60mm, the monitoring frequency is 1 hour, through its wireless sensor network technology, and based on this, the number of connections with the network is N (N can be set to 1-99 times the actual monitoring frequency), which reduces the frequency of communication between the gateway and the remote server, and the low-power design concept of the hardware method, which can work for more than 3 years.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of wireless sensing networks. Disclosed is a wireless sensing network monitoring system, comprising multiple fulcrums, a gateway and a remote server, wherein the multiple fulcrums form a multi-hop network for collecting data and transmitting the data to the gateway; the gateway is used for forwarding the data to the remote server; the remote server is used for receiving the data and performing subsequent processing; and the multi-hop network forms a multi-layer topology, with each layer comprising one or more fulcrums. Further disclosed are a fulcrum and a gateway in the wireless sensing network monitoring system. The system and the apparatus in the present invention have a low energy consumption, a small whole machine volume, a high precision and a good robustness, making monitoring deployment in a complex space more convenient and reliable.

Description

一种无线传感网络监测***、支点及网关Wireless sensor network monitoring system, fulcrum and gateway 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及无线传感网络技术，尤其涉及一种无线传感网络监测***以及***中的支点和网关。The present invention relates to wireless sensor network technologies, and in particular, to a wireless sensor network monitoring system and a fulcrum and a gateway in the system.
背景技术Background technique
无线传感网络是由部署在监测区域内大量的微型传感器支点组成，通过无线通信方式形成的一个多跳的自组织的网络***，在智能交通、环境监控、医疗卫生等多个领域得到广泛应用。现有的无线传感网络监测***见图1，其分为传感支点与中继支点两大类，中继支点只是通讯上的信息中转，传感支点只做数据采集与信息传输，没有信息中转的能力，故支点之间是星状网络形式存在。这种架构需要针对应用场景的实际情况进行专门的布置设计，较为复杂和繁琐，且一旦场景发生变化就会影响监控效果；如果中继支点出现故障时，整个网络传输功能出现瘫痪，无法完成数据传输，而且中继支点需要持续保持工作状态，能耗较高。The wireless sensor network is composed of a large number of micro sensor fulcrums deployed in the monitoring area. A multi-hop self-organizing network system formed by wireless communication is widely used in many fields such as intelligent transportation, environmental monitoring, and medical and health. . The existing wireless sensor network monitoring system is shown in Figure 1. It is divided into two types: sensor fulcrum and relay fulcrum. The relay fulcrum is only information relay in communication. The sensor fulcrum only performs data collection and information transmission. There is no information. The ability to transfer, so the fulcrum is in the form of a star network. This kind of architecture needs to be specially designed and designed for the actual situation of the application scenario. It is more complicated and cumbersome, and once the scene changes, it will affect the monitoring effect; if the relay fulcrum fails, the entire network transmission function will be flawed and the data cannot be completed. Transmission, and the relay fulcrum needs to keep working and the energy consumption is high.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明针对上述问题提出了一种无线传感网络监测***，包括多个支点、网关和远程服务器，其特征在于：The present invention provides a wireless sensor network monitoring system for the above problems, comprising a plurality of pivot points, a gateway and a remote server, wherein:
多个支点组成多跳网络，用于采集数据并将数据传输至网关；Multiple fulcrums form a multi-hop network for collecting data and transmitting data to the gateway;
网关，用于将数据转发至远程服务器；Gateway for forwarding data to a remote server;
远程服务器，用于接收数据并进行后续处理；a remote server for receiving data and performing subsequent processing;
该多跳网络形成多层拓扑，每层包括一个或多个支点。The multi-hop network forms a multi-layer topology, with each layer including one or more fulcrums.
进一步地，该多层拓扑包括网状、树状、星状和线状拓扑。Further, the multi-layer topology includes mesh, tree, star, and line topologies.
进一步地，该多层拓扑是动态变化的。Further, the multi-layer topology is dynamically changing.
进一步地，该多层拓扑为10层拓扑。 Further, the multi-layer topology is a 10-layer topology.
进一步地，支点在没有数据传输时进入休眠模式。Further, the fulcrum enters sleep mode when there is no data transmission.
进一步地，组成多跳网络的方式为：网关发出第一组网帧；能够收到第一组网帧的支点加入网络作为第一层支点，再发出第二组网帧；收到第二组网帧的支点加入网络作为第二层支点，再发出第三组网帧，依次类推形成多层拓扑；满足预设条件，组网完毕。Further, the manner of forming the multi-hop network is: the gateway sends out the first group of network frames; the fulcrum that can receive the first group of network frames joins the network as the first layer fulcrum, and then sends the second group of network frames; The fulcrum of the network frame is added to the network as the fulcrum of the second layer, and then the third group of network frames is sent, and the multi-layer topology is formed by analogy; the preset condition is met, and the networking is completed.
进一步地，支点收到组网帧时根据信号门限值，确认自身是否具备入网条件，如果具备则加入网络，否则不加入网络。Further, when receiving the network frame, the fulcrum confirms whether it has the network access condition according to the signal threshold, and if it is available, joins the network, otherwise it does not join the network.
进一步地，所述确认自身是否具备入网条件包括比较组网帧信号强度与信号门限值，当大于门限值时则具备。Further, the confirming whether or not the network access condition is included includes comparing the network frame signal strength and the signal threshold, and is greater than the threshold.
进一步地，采用隔层同传的工作模式，即当第一层支点在上传数据时，单数层支点同时传输；当第二层支点在上传数据时，双数层支点同时传输。Further, the working mode of the same layer simultaneous transmission is adopted, that is, when the first layer fulcrum is uploading data, the single layer fulcrum is simultaneously transmitted; when the second layer fulcrum is uploading data, the double layer fulcrum is simultaneously transmitted.
进一步地，***应用于基础设施监测，支点分布于基础设施上。Further, the system is applied to infrastructure monitoring and the fulcrums are distributed over the infrastructure.
本发明还提出了一种上述无线传感网络监测***中的支点，其特征在于包括：The invention also proposes a fulcrum in the above wireless sensor network monitoring system, which is characterized in that:
传感模块，用于采集数据，包括双倾角传感模块和/或激光测距传感模块；a sensing module for collecting data, including a dual tilt sensor module and/or a laser ranging sensor module;
接口模块，用于接收和发送数据；An interface module for receiving and transmitting data;
MCU控制器，具有嵌入式***，用于控制支点中其它模块以及执行组成多跳网络的功能。MCU controller with embedded system for controlling other modules in the fulcrum and performing functions that make up a multi-hop network.
进一步地，传感模块包括主传感模块和辅助传感模块。Further, the sensing module includes a main sensing module and an auxiliary sensing module.
进一步地，主传感模块兼容数据接口，包括MEMS类型倾角传感器、高精度激光传感器、0-20mA类型传感器、0-5V类型传感器、400-6000Hz类型振弦式传感器、电阻类型传感器。Further, the main sensing module is compatible with the data interface, including a MEMS type tilt sensor, a high precision laser sensor, a 0-20 mA type sensor, a 0-5V type sensor, a 400-6000 Hz type vibrating wire type sensor, and a resistance type sensor.
进一步地，接口模块包括无线通信模块。Further, the interface module includes a wireless communication module.
进一步地，还包括供电模块、存储模块和/或时钟控制模块。Further, a power supply module, a storage module, and/or a clock control module are further included.
进一步地，所述供电模块用于提供整个支点的电源与管理，内置于支点之 中，为标准的工业级电池。Further, the power supply module is used to provide power and management of the entire fulcrum, and is built in the fulcrum Medium, standard industrial battery.
本发明还提出了一种上述无线传感网络监测***中的网关，其特征在于包括：The invention also provides a gateway in the above wireless sensor network monitoring system, which is characterized in that:
接口模块，用于接收和发送数据；An interface module for receiving and transmitting data;
MCU控制器，具有嵌入式***，用于控制支点中其它模块以及执行组成多跳网络的功能。MCU controller with embedded system for controlling other modules in the fulcrum and performing functions that make up a multi-hop network.
进一步地，接口模块包括与支点通信的MESH无线模块与远程服务器通信的移动通信无线模块。Further, the interface module includes a mobile communication wireless module that communicates with the remote server by the MESH wireless module in communication with the fulcrum.
进一步地，接口模块还包括标准工业接口。Further, the interface module also includes a standard industrial interface.
进一步地，还包括存储模块、电源模块、与电源模块连接的低功耗供电模块和/或时钟控制模块。Further, a storage module, a power module, a low power supply module and/or a clock control module connected to the power module are further included.
进一步地，电源模块用于提供整个网关的电源与管理，内置于网关之中，为标准的工业级电池。Further, the power module is used to provide power and management of the entire gateway, and is built into the gateway as a standard industrial grade battery.
进一步地，还包括用于监测网关健康状况的健康模块和辅助传感模块。Further, a health module and an auxiliary sensing module for monitoring the health of the gateway are also included.
进一步地，MCU控制器包括彼此连接的第一MCU控制器和第二MCU控制器，第一MCU控制器连接MESH无线模块、低功耗供电模块、健康模块、辅助传感模块、时钟控制模块；第二MCU控制器连接接口模块、存储模块、低功耗供电模块、时钟控制模块。Further, the MCU controller includes a first MCU controller and a second MCU controller connected to each other, and the first MCU controller is connected to the MESH wireless module, the low power supply module, the health module, the auxiliary sensing module, and the clock control module; The second MCU controller is connected to the interface module, the storage module, the low power supply module, and the clock control module.
由上可见，本发明的无线传感网络监测***中没有严格意义上的中继功能支点，因为支点组成了多层拓扑的多跳网络，每一个支点都同时具备功能作用与中继作用，这样使得复杂空间中(如地下复杂空间，尤其会受到无线信号传输中所产生的多路径效应影响)的监测部署更加便捷、可靠；即使有支点发生故障也不会影响其它支点数据的采集和上传；并可对于故障支点通过其自身所携带的支点健康模块、辅助传感模块，根据其历史数据，进行远程诊断，明确现场维护的工作内容；而且这种架构允许支点进入休眠模式以降低能耗，延长使用时间；***中的支点和网关采用处理器与嵌入式***的结合，能够有利于 功能的配置和执行。It can be seen from the above that the wireless sensor network monitoring system of the present invention does not have a relay function fulcrum in a strict sense, because the fulcrum constitutes a multi-hop network of a multi-layer topology, and each fulcrum has both a function and a relay function, so that It makes the monitoring and deployment of complex space (such as underground complex space, especially affected by multipath effect generated in wireless signal transmission) more convenient and reliable; even if there is a fulcrum failure, it will not affect the collection and upload of other pivot data; The fault fulcrum can perform remote diagnosis according to its historical data through the fulcrum health module and the auxiliary sensing module carried by the fault fulcrum, and clarify the work content of the on-site maintenance; and this architecture allows the fulcrum to enter the sleep mode to reduce energy consumption and extend Use time; the fulcrum and gateway in the system use a combination of processor and embedded system, which can be beneficial Configuration and execution of functions.
附图说明DRAWINGS
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，并不构成对本发明的不当限定，在附图中：The drawings described herein are provided to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are not a limitation of the invention.
图1为现有的无线传感网络架构的示意图；1 is a schematic diagram of an existing wireless sensor network architecture;
图2为根据本发明的无线传感网络监测***架构的示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of a wireless sensor network monitoring system architecture in accordance with the present invention;
图3为根据本发明的无线传感网络监测***中支点的结构示意图；3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fulcrum in a wireless sensor network monitoring system according to the present invention;
图4为根据本发明的无线传感网络监测***中网关的结构示意图。4 is a block diagram showing the structure of a gateway in a wireless sensor network monitoring system according to the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合附图以及具体实施例来详细说明本发明，在此本发明的示意性实施例以及说明用来解释本发明，但并不作为对本发明的限定。The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the accompanying drawings.
图2为根据本发明的无线传感网络监测***架构的示意图。其中包括多个支点、网关和远程服务器，多个支点组成多跳网络，用于采集数据并将数据传输至网关，再将数据转发至远程服务器以进行后续处理。在本发明的监测***中，多个支点形成了具有多层拓扑的多跳网络，每层可以包括一个或多个支点，最下层的支点将采集的数据向上面一层支点发送，最上层的支点将收到的数据和自身采集的数据发送给网关，其它层的支点接收来自下层支点的数据，并与本支点采集的数据一并发送给上层支点。多层拓扑包括网状、树状、星状、线状拓扑，并且可以根据网络负载情况、信号强度、信号干扰或支点数量增减等而动态变化，例如当存在外界物体的干扰(如列车通过，金属类障碍物阻隔等)、网络中某个支点的信号变强或变弱(如天线受损)、网络中增加(例如监测规模增大而添加新的支点)或减少支点(例如支点出现故障)或者满足其它预定的条件时，该多层拓扑的形状以及拓扑层数都可以相应改变以适应新的场景和网络状况。这种动态改变也可以是定期执行的或者满足某种条件超过一定时间阈值时执行，以避免暂时和偶然情况引起网络拓扑频繁改变。该多层拓扑的层数优选地为10层。支点在没有数据传输时可以进入休眠模式，在收到唤醒帧或有 数据要传输或者到达预定时间时恢复工作模式。该无线传感网络***可以应用于桥梁、隧道、楼宇等基础设施监测，其中支点分布于基础设施上，网关可以设置在便于与支点进行通信以及与远程服务器进行远程通信的位置或者为可移动的形式，例如手持智能终端。2 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a wireless sensor network monitoring system in accordance with the present invention. It includes multiple pivots, gateways, and remote servers. Multiple pivots form a multi-hop network for collecting data and transmitting data to the gateway, and then forwarding the data to a remote server for subsequent processing. In the monitoring system of the present invention, a plurality of fulcrums form a multi-hop network having a multi-layer topology, each layer may include one or more fulcrums, and the lowest fulcrum transmits the collected data to the upper fulcrum, the uppermost layer The fulcrum sends the received data and the data collected by itself to the gateway, and the fulcrum of the other layer receives the data from the lower fulcrum and sends it to the upper fulcrum together with the data collected by the fulcrum. Multi-layer topologies include mesh, tree, star, and line topologies, and can dynamically change based on network load conditions, signal strength, signal interference, or the number of fulcrums, such as when there is interference from external objects (such as train passing , metal barriers, etc.), the signal of a certain fulcrum in the network becomes stronger or weaker (such as antenna damage), the network increases (for example, the monitoring scale increases and a new fulcrum is added) or the fulcrum is reduced (for example, the fulcrum appears The shape of the multi-layer topology and the number of topological layers can be changed to adapt to new scenarios and network conditions when the fault is met or other predetermined conditions are met. This dynamic change can also be performed periodically or when certain conditions are exceeded for a certain time threshold to avoid frequent and occasional changes to the network topology. The number of layers of the multilayer topology is preferably 10 layers. The fulcrum can enter sleep mode when there is no data transmission, receive a wake-up frame or have The data is restored when the data is to be transferred or arrives at the scheduled time. The wireless sensor network system can be applied to infrastructure monitoring such as bridges, tunnels, buildings, etc., wherein the fulcrum is distributed on the infrastructure, and the gateway can be set at a position convenient for communicating with the fulcrum and remotely communicating with the remote server or being movable. Form, such as a handheld smart terminal.
图3为根据本发明的无线传感网络监测***中支点的结构示意图。支点包括用于采集数据的传感模块，包括主传感模块和辅助传感模块，主传感模块兼容数据接口，包括MEMS类型倾角传感器、高精度激光传感器、0-20mA类型传感器、0-5V类型传感器、400-6000Hz类型振弦式传感器、电阻类型传感器；接口模块包括无线通信模块，用于与网关和/或其它支点连接以接收和发送数据；供电模块用于提供整个支点的电源与管理，内置于支点之中，为标准的工业级电池，典型地可采用标准工业级1号电池；FLASH存储模块用于数据和程序的存储；还包括时钟控制模块和支点健康模块，其中支点健康模块用于判断自身健康，具体地可包括电量监测与温度传感电路，当电量过低或温度过高时，则认为支点处于不健康状态；各模块的工作由具有嵌入式***的MCU控制器进行统一控制，以执行包括参数配置、数据收发和中继、功耗管理、数据动态存储、监测支点健康、支点定位等功能，其还执行组成多跳网络的功能使得支点能够与其它支点一起组成网络。其中，参数配置包括监测周期、无线频段、入网门限、中继时间等参数的配置。3 is a block diagram showing the structure of a fulcrum in a wireless sensor network monitoring system in accordance with the present invention. The fulcrum includes a sensing module for collecting data, including a main sensing module and an auxiliary sensing module, and the main sensing module is compatible with a data interface, including a MEMS type tilt sensor, a high precision laser sensor, a 0-20 mA type sensor, 0-5V. Type sensor, 400-6000Hz type vibrating wire sensor, resistance type sensor; interface module includes wireless communication module for connecting with gateway and/or other fulcrum to receive and send data; power supply module is used to provide power and management of the entire fulcrum Built into the fulcrum, it is a standard industrial grade battery, typically using standard industrial grade 1 battery; FLASH storage module is used for data and program storage; also includes clock control module and pivot health module, fulcrum health module It is used to judge its own health, and may specifically include a power monitoring and temperature sensing circuit. When the power is too low or the temperature is too high, the fulcrum is considered to be in an unhealthy state; the work of each module is unified by the MCU controller with the embedded system. Control to perform including parameter configuration, data transceiving and relaying, power management, data dynamics The functions of storing, monitoring fulcrum health, fulcrum positioning, etc., and also performing the functions of forming a multi-hop network enable the fulcrum to form a network together with other fulcrums. The parameter configuration includes parameters such as a monitoring period, a radio frequency band, a network access threshold, and a relay time.
传感模块可以为双倾角传感模块或激光测距传感模块，采用双倾角传感模块的倾角传感支点内置一节2/3A工业级电池，整机尺寸51x50x40mm，监测频率为1小时时，通过其无线传感网络技术，以及硬件方面的低功耗设计理念，可持续工作3年以上；采用激光测距传感模块的激光测距支点内置一节D型工业级电池，整机尺寸100x100x60mm，监测频率为1小时时，通过其无线传感网络技术，以及硬件方面的低功耗设计理念，可持续工作5年以上。The sensing module can be a dual tilt sensor module or a laser ranging sensor module. The tilting sensor fulcrum of the double tilt sensor module is equipped with a 2/3A industrial grade battery. The whole machine size is 51x50x40mm, and the monitoring frequency is 1 hour. Through its wireless sensor network technology and hardware low-power design concept, it can work for more than 3 years; the laser ranging fulcrum with laser ranging sensor module has a built-in D-type industrial battery, the whole machine size 100x100x60mm, with a monitoring frequency of 1 hour, it can work for more than 5 years through its wireless sensor network technology and hardware low-power design concept.
图4为根据本发明的无线传感网络监测***中网关的结构示意图。网关包括接口模块、电源模块、存储模块、供电模块、时钟控制模块、健康模块、辅助传感模块和MCU控制器。接口模块有多个，MESH无线模块用于与支点通信，移动通信无线模块用于与远程服务器通信，移动通信无线模块为可更换式移动 基站网络模块，兼容2/3/4/5G网络，并根据不同地理区域的网络制式差异，做相应的配置，标准工业接口用于以有线方式与现场工控机连接。电源模块包括电池供电主模块和DC模块，可以根据情况选择不同的供电方式，低功耗供电模块与电源模块连接，存储模块为SD卡，健康模块包括电量监测与温度传感器，可以有效感知网关自身的健康状态。在该实施例中，MCU控制器包括彼此连接的第一MCU控制器和第二MCU控制器，第一MCU控制器连接MESH无线模块、低功耗供电模块、健康模块、辅助传感模块、时钟控制模块；第二MCU控制器连接接口模块、存储模块、低功耗供电模块、时钟控制模块。MCU控制器具有嵌入式***，用于控制网关中其它模块的工作，包括与服务器间的无线联网和TCP/IP连接、数据转发、能耗管理、数据存储、自定位、健康监测、参数配置。其中，参数配置包括监测周期，无线频道，数据回传时间等参数的配置。通过与支点的信息交互，MCU控制器控制支点组成多跳网络。所述供电模块用于提供整个网关的电源与管理，内置于网关之中，为标准的工业级电池。典型地，网关可内置四节D型工业级电池，整机尺寸180x140x60mm，监测频率为1小时，通过其无线传感网络技术，并在此基础上增添与网络连接次数为N(N可设置为1-99倍的实际监测频率)，进而减少了网关与远程服务器的联通频次，以及硬件方法的低功耗设计理念，可持续工作3年以上。4 is a block diagram showing the structure of a gateway in a wireless sensor network monitoring system according to the present invention. The gateway includes an interface module, a power module, a storage module, a power supply module, a clock control module, a health module, an auxiliary sensing module, and an MCU controller. There are multiple interface modules, the MESH wireless module is used to communicate with the fulcrum, the mobile communication wireless module is used to communicate with the remote server, and the mobile communication wireless module is replaceable mobile. The base station network module is compatible with 2/3/4/5G networks, and is configured according to network system differences in different geographical areas. The standard industrial interface is used to connect with the on-site industrial computer in a wired manner. The power module includes a battery-powered main module and a DC module. Different power supply modes can be selected according to the situation. The low-power power supply module is connected to the power module, the storage module is an SD card, and the health module includes a power quantity monitoring and a temperature sensor, which can effectively sense the gateway itself. The state of health. In this embodiment, the MCU controller includes a first MCU controller and a second MCU controller connected to each other, the first MCU controller connecting the MESH wireless module, the low power supply module, the health module, the auxiliary sensing module, and the clock The control module; the second MCU controller is connected to the interface module, the storage module, the low power supply module, and the clock control module. The MCU controller has an embedded system for controlling the operation of other modules in the gateway, including wireless networking and TCP/IP connection with the server, data forwarding, energy management, data storage, self-positioning, health monitoring, and parameter configuration. The parameter configuration includes configuration of parameters such as monitoring period, wireless channel, and data return time. Through interaction with the information of the fulcrum, the MCU controller controls the fulcrum to form a multi-hop network. The power supply module is used to provide power and management of the entire gateway, and is built in the gateway and is a standard industrial grade battery. Typically, the gateway can be built with four D-type industrial grade batteries, the whole size is 180x140x60mm, the monitoring frequency is 1 hour, through its wireless sensor network technology, and based on this, the number of connections with the network is N (N can be set to 1-99 times the actual monitoring frequency), which reduces the frequency of communication between the gateway and the remote server, and the low-power design concept of the hardware method, which can work for more than 3 years.
以上对本发明实施例所提供的技术方案进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本发明实施例的原理以及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只适用于帮助理解本发明实施例的原理；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明实施例，在具体实施方式以及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。 The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. The principles and implementation manners of the embodiments of the present invention are described in the following. The description of the foregoing embodiments is only applicable to help understand the embodiments of the present invention. The present invention is not limited by the scope of the present invention, and the description of the present invention is not limited to the details of the present invention.

Claims (24)

  1. 一种无线传感网络监测***，包括多个支点、网关和远程服务器，其特征在于：A wireless sensor network monitoring system includes a plurality of pivot points, a gateway, and a remote server, and is characterized by:
    多个支点组成多跳网络，用于采集数据并将数据传输至网关；Multiple fulcrums form a multi-hop network for collecting data and transmitting data to the gateway;
    网关，用于将数据转发至远程服务器；Gateway for forwarding data to a remote server;
    远程服务器，用于接收数据并进行后续处理；a remote server for receiving data and performing subsequent processing;
    该多跳网络形成多层拓扑，每层包括一个或多个支点。The multi-hop network forms a multi-layer topology, with each layer including one or more fulcrums.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无线传感网络监测***，其特征在于该多层拓扑包括网状、树状、星状和线状拓扑。The wireless sensor network monitoring system of claim 1 wherein the multi-layer topology comprises a mesh, tree, star, and line topology.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的无线传感网络监测***，其特征在于该多层拓扑是动态变化的。The wireless sensor network monitoring system of claim 1 wherein the multi-layer topology is dynamically changing.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的无线传感网络监测***，其特征在于该多层拓扑为10层拓扑。The wireless sensor network monitoring system of claim 1 wherein the multi-layer topology is a 10-layer topology.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的无线传感网络监测***，其特征在于支点在没有数据传输时进入休眠模式。The wireless sensor network monitoring system of claim 1 wherein the fulcrum enters a sleep mode when there is no data transmission.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的无线传感网络监测***，其特征在于组成多跳网络的方式为：网关发出第一组网帧；能够收到第一组网帧的支点加入网络作为第一层支点，再发出第二组网帧；收到第二组网帧的支点加入网络作为第二层支点，再发出第三组网帧，依次类推形成多层拓扑；满足预设条件，组网完毕。The wireless sensor network monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the manner of forming the multi-hop network is: the gateway sends out the first group of network frames; and the fulcrum that can receive the first group of network frames joins the network as the first layer of fulcrums; Then, the second group of network frames is sent; the fulcrum of the second group of network frames is added to the network as the second layer fulcrum, and then the third group of network frames is sent, and the multi-layer topology is formed by analogy; the preset condition is met, and the networking is completed.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的无线传感网络监测***，其特征在于支点收到组网帧时根据信号门限值，确认自身是否具备入网条件，如果具备则加入网络，否则不加入网络。The wireless sensor network monitoring system according to claim 6, wherein the fulcrum confirms whether it has the network access condition according to the signal threshold value when receiving the network frame, and joins the network if it is available, otherwise it does not join the network.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的无线传感网络监测***，其特征在于所述确认自身是否具备入网条件包括比较组网帧信号强度与信号门限值，当大于门限值时则具备。The wireless sensor network monitoring system according to claim 7, wherein the confirming whether the user has the network access condition comprises comparing the network frame signal strength and the signal threshold, and is greater than the threshold.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的无线传感网络监测***，其特征在于采用隔层同传的工作模式，即当第一层支点在上传数据时，单数层支点同时传输；当第二 层支点在上传数据时，双数层支点同时传输。The wireless sensor network monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that the working mode of the same layer simultaneous transmission is adopted, that is, when the first layer fulcrum is uploading data, the single layer fulcrum is simultaneously transmitted; When the layer fulcrum uploads data, the double layer fulcrums are transmitted simultaneously.
  10. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的无线传感网络监测***，其特征在于***应用于基础设施监测，支点分布于基础设施上。The wireless sensor network monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the system is applied to infrastructure monitoring, and the fulcrum is distributed on the infrastructure.
  11. 一种根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的无线传感网络监测***中的支点，其特征在于包括：A fulcrum in a wireless sensor network monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising:
    传感模块，用于采集数据，包括双倾角传感模块和/或激光测距传感模块；a sensing module for collecting data, including a dual tilt sensor module and/or a laser ranging sensor module;
    接口模块，用于接收和发送数据；An interface module for receiving and transmitting data;
    MCU控制器，具有嵌入式***，用于控制支点中其它模块以及执行组成多跳网络的功能。MCU controller with embedded system for controlling other modules in the fulcrum and performing functions that make up a multi-hop network.
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的支点，其特征在于传感模块包括主传感模块和辅助传感模块。The fulcrum of claim 11 wherein the sensing module comprises a primary sensing module and an auxiliary sensing module.
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的支点，其特征在于主传感模块兼容数据接口，包括MEMS类型倾角传感器、高精度激光传感器、0-20mA类型传感器、0-5V类型传感器、400-6000Hz类型振弦式传感器、电阻类型传感器。The fulcrum according to claim 11, wherein the main sensing module is compatible with the data interface, including a MEMS type tilt sensor, a high precision laser sensor, a 0-20 mA type sensor, a 0-5V type sensor, and a 400-6000 Hz type vibrating wire type. Sensor, resistance type sensor.
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的支点，其特征在于接口模块包括无线通信模块。The fulcrum of claim 11 wherein the interface module comprises a wireless communication module.
  15. 根据权利要求11-14中任一所述的支点，其特征在于还包括供电模块、存储模块和/或时钟控制模块。A fulcrum according to any of claims 11-14, further comprising a power supply module, a storage module and/or a clock control module.
  16. 根据权利要求15中所述的支点，其特征在于所述供电模块用于提供整个支点的电源与管理，内置于支点之中，为标准的工业级电池。The fulcrum according to claim 15, wherein said power supply module is used for providing power and management of the entire fulcrum, and is built in a fulcrum and is a standard industrial grade battery.
  17. 根据权利要求11中所述的支点，其特征在于还包括支点健康模块，用于判断支点自身硬件与软件工作状态的健康指标。The fulcrum according to claim 11, further comprising a fulcrum health module for determining a health indicator of the hardware and software working state of the fulcrum.
  18. 一种根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的无线传感网络监测***中的网关，其特征在于包括：A gateway in a wireless sensor network monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising:
    接口模块，用于接收和发送数据；An interface module for receiving and transmitting data;
    MCU控制器，具有嵌入式***，用于控制网关中其它模块以及控制支点组 成多跳网络。MCU controller with embedded system for controlling other modules in the gateway and controlling fulcrum groups Multi-hop network.
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的网关，其特征在于接口模块包括与支点通信的MESH无线模块与远程服务器通信的移动通信无线模块。The gateway of claim 18 wherein the interface module comprises a mobile communication radio module in communication with the remote server by the MESH wireless module in communication with the fulcrum.
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的网关，其特征在于接口模块还包括标准工业接口。The gateway of claim 19 wherein the interface module further comprises a standard industrial interface.
  21. 根据权利要求18-20中任一所述的网关，其特征在于还包括存储模块、电源模块、与电源模块连接的低功耗供电模块和/或时钟控制模块。The gateway according to any one of claims 18 to 20, further comprising a storage module, a power module, a low power supply module and/or a clock control module connected to the power module.
  22. 根据权利要求21中所述的网关，其特征在于电源模块用于提供整个网关的电源与管理，内置于网关之中，为标准的工业级电池。The gateway according to claim 21, wherein the power module is used for providing power and management of the entire gateway, and is built in the gateway and is a standard industrial grade battery.
  23. 根据权利要求18中所述的网关，其特征在于还包括用于监测网关健康状况的健康模块和辅助传感模块。The gateway of claim 18, further comprising a health module and an auxiliary sensing module for monitoring the health of the gateway.
  24. 根据权利要求18所述的网关，其特征在于MCU控制器包括彼此连接的第一MCU控制器和第二MCU控制器，第一MCU控制器连接MESH无线模块、低功耗供电模块、健康模块、辅助传感模块、时钟控制模块；第二MCU控制器连接接口模块、存储模块、低功耗供电模块、时钟控制模块。 The gateway according to claim 18, wherein the MCU controller comprises a first MCU controller and a second MCU controller connected to each other, the first MCU controller connecting the MESH wireless module, the low power supply module, the health module, The auxiliary sensing module and the clock control module; the second MCU controller is connected to the interface module, the storage module, the low power supply module, and the clock control module.
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