WO2018076481A1 - 洗衣机 - Google Patents

洗衣机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018076481A1
WO2018076481A1 PCT/CN2016/109544 CN2016109544W WO2018076481A1 WO 2018076481 A1 WO2018076481 A1 WO 2018076481A1 CN 2016109544 W CN2016109544 W CN 2016109544W WO 2018076481 A1 WO2018076481 A1 WO 2018076481A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
rotor portion
stator
washing machine
rotating shaft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/109544
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴迪
陈金涛
诸自强
胡义明
王洪晓
Original Assignee
广东威灵电机制造有限公司
美的威灵电机技术（上海）有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201610943061.0A external-priority patent/CN106521882B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201610942842.8A external-priority patent/CN106567224B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201621166260.7U external-priority patent/CN206219842U/zh
Application filed by 广东威灵电机制造有限公司, 美的威灵电机技术（上海）有限公司 filed Critical 广东威灵电机制造有限公司
Publication of WO2018076481A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018076481A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F37/00—Details specific to washing machines covered by groups D06F21/00 - D06F25/00
    • D06F37/30—Driving arrangements 
    • D06F37/40—Driving arrangements  for driving the receptacle and an agitator or impeller, e.g. alternatively
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of washing machine manufacturing, and in particular to a washing machine.
  • the driving method of the pulsator washing machine is usually belt driving or direct driving. Both driving modes need to be equipped with a clutch for deceleration, which not only affects the system efficiency of the washing machine, but also has a large noise. For this reason, a technical solution using a mechanical clutch switching device has been proposed in the related art, but the torque density of the technical solution is small and the structure is complicated, resulting in a large volume of the washing machine.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the above technical problems in the related art to some extent.
  • the present invention provides a washing machine having the advantages of high system efficiency, low noise, large torque density, small volume, and the like.
  • a washing machine includes: an outer tub; an inner tub, the inner tub is rotatably disposed in the outer tub; and a pulsator that is rotatably disposed in the inner tub;
  • the motor includes a respectively rotatable stator, a first rotor portion, a second rotor portion, and a switching mechanism switchable between a washing state and a dehydrating state, the stator being mounted on the outer tub and with the outer tub
  • the relative position is fixed, one of the first rotor portion and the second rotor portion is drivingly coupled to the inner tub, and the other of the first rotor portion and the second rotor portion is opposite to the pulsator a transmission connection, wherein the switching mechanism is in the washing state, fixing a relative position of the stator to one of the first rotor portion and the second rotor portion, the first rotor portion and the second
  • the other of the rotor portions serves as a rotor for driving the pulsator rotation, and the switching mechanism is in
  • the structure of the washing machine according to the present invention has the advantages of high system efficiency, low noise, large torque density, small volume, and the like.
  • the motor according to an embodiment of the invention may also have the following additional technical features:
  • the stator, the second rotor portion, and the first rotor portion are sequentially spaced from the outside to the inside in the radial direction of the motor.
  • the first rotor portion, the second rotor portion, and the stator are sequentially spaced from the outside to the inside in the radial direction of the motor.
  • the method further includes: a first rotating shaft, wherein the upper end of the first rotating shaft is sequentially movably disposed on the bottom of the outer tub and the bottom of the inner tub, and the pulsator is fixedly mounted.
  • One of the second rotor portion and the first rotor portion is fixed to a lower end of the first rotating shaft, the other is fixed to a lower end of the second rotating shaft; the second rotating shaft, the second The rotating shaft is a hollow shaft that is sleeved on the periphery of the first rotating shaft, and the upper end is movably disposed at the bottom of the outer tub and fixed to the bottom of the inner tub.
  • the first rotor portion is drivingly coupled to the pulsator, and the second rotor portion is drivingly coupled to the inner tub.
  • the switching mechanism includes: a stator fixing ring, a fixed position of the stator fixing ring and the stator is fixed; a first rotor fixing ring, the first rotor fixing ring and the first a relative position of the rotor portion is fixed; a second rotor fixing ring, a relative position of the second rotor fixing ring and the second rotor portion is fixed; a driving portion and a synchronizer, the synchronizer is driven to slide by the driving portion,
  • the switching mechanism is in the washing state, the synchronizer is respectively engaged with the stator fixing ring and the second rotor fixing ring under the driving of the driving portion, and the switching mechanism is in the dehydrating state.
  • the synchronizer is coupled to the first rotor retaining ring and the second rotor retaining ring under the driving of the driving portion.
  • the driving portion is a control coil that drives the synchronizer to slide by electromagnetic induction.
  • the synchronizer, the stator fixing ring, the first rotor fixing ring and the second rotor fixing ring are respectively provided with latching teeth, and the switching mechanism is in the washing state
  • the latches on the synchronizer mesh with the latches on the stator retaining ring and the latches on the second rotor retaining ring, respectively
  • the switching mechanism is in the dehydrated state
  • the synchronizer The upper latches mesh with the latches on the first rotor retaining ring and the latches on the second rotor retaining ring, respectively.
  • the latches on the synchronizer are distributed on the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the synchronizer, and the latches on the stator retaining ring are distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the stator retaining ring.
  • a latch on the first rotor retaining ring is distributed on an inner circumferential surface of the first rotor retaining ring
  • a latch on the second rotor retaining ring is distributed in the second rotor retaining ring On the surface.
  • the motor further includes: a stator casing, the stator casing is mounted on the outer tub, the stator is drivingly connected to the stator casing; an outer rotor casing, The stator, the first rotor portion and the second rotor portion are both disposed in the outer rotor casing, the first rotor portion is drivingly coupled to the outer rotor casing and the outer rotor casing passes through a rotating shaft is connected to the pulsator; an inner rotor casing, the inner rotor casing is disposed in the outer rotor casing, and the inner rotor casing is drivingly connected to the second rotor portion and the inner rotor
  • the rotor casing is drivingly connected to the inner tub through a second rotating shaft;
  • the stator fixing ring is drivingly connected to the stator casing, and the first rotor fixing ring is drivingly connected to the outer rotor casing, the second rotor A retaining ring is in driving connection with the second
  • stator housing and the second rotating shaft are coupled by bearings.
  • the second rotating shaft is a hollow shaft
  • the first rotating shaft is a solid shaft disposed in the second rotating shaft and spaced apart from the second rotating shaft.
  • the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are engaged by an oil bearing.
  • the first rotor portion is drivingly coupled to the inner tub
  • the second rotor portion is drivingly coupled to the pulsator.
  • the switching mechanism includes: a brake assembly for restricting rotation of the second rotating shaft in a washing mode; a synchronous switching assembly, the synchronous switching assembly for In the spin-drying mode, the rotation of the second rotor portion and the first rotor portion is synchronized.
  • the brake assembly includes a holding clamp that is disposed around the periphery of the second rotating shaft, and a braking driving member that is drivingly coupled to the holding clamp.
  • the braking The driving member drives the holding clamp to hold the second rotating shaft to restrict the rotation of the second rotating shaft.
  • the synchronous switching assembly includes a synchronous annular body on an axial side of the second rotor portion and the first rotor portion, and driving the synchronous annular body to move in an axial direction
  • the synchronous driving member is provided with a first synchronization structure between the synchronous annular body and the second rotor portion, and a second synchronization structure is disposed between the first rotor portion and the first rotor portion.
  • the first synchronization structure includes a first rack ring protruding from the second rotor portion toward the synchronous annular body, and the synchronous ring body corresponding to the first a first cogging ring provided by a rack ring;
  • the second synchronizing structure includes a second rack ring protruding from the first rotor portion toward the synchronous annular body, and the synchronous ring body Corresponding to the second cogging ring provided by the second rack ring.
  • the stator comprises: a stator core of the stator; a stator winding, the stator winding being wound on the stator core.
  • the first rotor portion includes: a rotor core; a permanent magnet, the permanent magnet being disposed on the rotor core.
  • the second rotor portion includes: a plurality of magnet cores; a plurality of non-magnetic spacers, a plurality of the magnet cores and a plurality of the non-magnetic spacers along The circumferential direction of the motor is alternately arranged.
  • the pole number of the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator is p s
  • the pole pair number of the permanent magnet magnetic field generated by the first rotor portion is p f
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a washing machine in a washing state according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the motor of the washing machine shown in Figure 1 in a washing state
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the washing machine in a dehydrated state in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of a portion B of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the motor of the washing machine shown in Figure 4 in a dehydrated state
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a washing machine in a washing mode according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is an enlarged structural view of the portion II shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of a motor of the washing machine shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of the washing machine shown in Figure 7 in a dehydration mode
  • FIG 11 is an enlarged structural view of the V portion shown in Figure 10;
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a motor of the washing machine shown in Fig. 10.
  • stator stator core
  • stator winding stator winding
  • 32 a first rotor portion; 321: a rotor core; 322: a permanent magnet;
  • stator fixing ring 341: stator fixing ring; 342: first rotor fixing ring; 343: second rotor fixing ring;
  • 3441 drive unit; 3442: synchronizer;
  • 3462 first synchronization structure
  • 3463 first rack ring
  • 3464 first cogging ring
  • 3465 second synchronization structure
  • 3466 second rack ring
  • 3467 second cogging ring
  • stator casing stator casing
  • 352 outer rotor casing
  • 353 inner rotor casing
  • 361 bearing; 362: containing bearings;
  • the driving method of the pulsator washing machine is usually belt driving or direct driving. Both driving modes need to be equipped with a clutch for deceleration, which not only affects the system efficiency of the washing machine, but also has a large noise. For this reason, a technical solution using a mechanical clutch switching device has been proposed in the related art, but the torque density of the technical solution is small and the structure is complicated, resulting in a large volume of the washing machine.
  • the motor for driving the pulsator and the inner tub generally includes a planetary gear reduction device for driving the pulsator and the inner tub by decelerating the torque by the planetary gear.
  • the addition of planetary gear reductions reduces the system efficiency of the washing machine, while the planetary gear reduction is also an important source of noise in the washing machine system.
  • the present invention provides a washing machine having the advantages of high system efficiency, low noise, large torque density, small volume, and the like.
  • a washing machine S according to an embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to FIGS. 1 through 12.
  • the washing machine S includes an outer tub 100, an inner tub 200, a pulsator 400, and a motor 300.
  • the inner tub 200 is rotatably disposed in the outer tub 100
  • the pulsator 400 is rotatably disposed in the inner tub 200.
  • the motor 300 includes a stator 31 that is relatively rotatable, a first rotor portion 32, a second rotor portion 33, and A switching mechanism 34 that is switchable between a washing state and a dehydrating state.
  • stator 31 is mounted on the outer tub 100 and fixed in position relative to the outer tub 100, and one of the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33 is drivingly coupled to the inner tub 200, and the first rotor portion 32 is in the second rotor portion 33.
  • the other is coupled to the pulsator 400, and when the switching mechanism 34 is in the washing state, the relative position of the fixed stator 31 to one of the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33, the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion
  • the other of 33 serves as a rotor for driving the pulsator 400 to rotate, and when the switching mechanism 34 is in the dehydrated state, the relative positions of the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33 are fixed, the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33 serves as a rotor for driving the inner tub 200 and the pulsator 400 to rotate in synchronization.
  • the washing machine S is a pulsator washing machine and is mainly composed of an outer tub 100, an inner tub 200, a pulsator 400, and a motor 300.
  • the outer tub 100 and the inner tub 200 respectively extend in an axial direction (up and down direction as shown in FIG. 1), and the outer tub 100 is fixed on a casing (not shown) of the washing machine S, and the inner tub 200 is rotatably sleeved in the outer tub 100.
  • the pulsator 400 is rotatably disposed in the inner tub 200 such that the inner tub 200 has rotational independence with respect to the outer tub 100 and the pulsator 400 with respect to the inner tub 200, thereby driving the pulsator through the motor 300.
  • the 400 is rotated by itself or rotated together with the inner tub 200 to achieve washing and dehydration purposes.
  • the motor 300 is mainly composed of a stator 31, a first rotor portion 32, a second rotor portion 33, and a switching mechanism 34, and the stator 31, the first rotor portion 32, and the second rotor portion 33 are formed substantially in a cylindrical structure, and The first rotor portion 32, the second rotor portion 33, and the stator 31 are spaced apart from each other, thereby avoiding interference when any two of them rotate relative to each other, thereby affecting the normal operation of the washing machine S. Meanwhile, any two of the first rotor portion 32, the second rotor portion 33, and the stator 31 can be relatively rotated, that is, the first rotor portion 32 can be rotated relative to the stator 31 or the second rotor portion 33. The second rotor portion 33 can also be rotated relative to the first rotor portion 32 or the stator 31.
  • stator 31 is disposed on the outer tub 100 and fixed to the opposite position of the outer tub 100, that is, the stator 31 and the outer tub 100 are relatively stationary, and one of the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33 is driven by the pulsator 400.
  • the connection that is, one of the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33, can be synchronized with the pulsator 400, or can be synchronized without moving, thereby enabling the motor 300 to drive the pulsator 400.
  • the other of the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33 is drivingly coupled to the inner tub 200, that is, the other of the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33 can move synchronously with the inner tub 200, It is possible to synchronize without moving, thereby realizing the driving of the inner drum 200 by the motor 300.
  • the switching mechanism 34 can fix the relative position between the stator 31 and one of the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33 connected to the inner tub 200, thereby causing the stator 31 A rotor portion of the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33 connected to the inner tub 200 serves as a stator of the motor 300, and is stationary with respect to the outer tub 100.
  • the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion A rotor portion connected to the pulsator 400 in 33 is formed to be rotatable relative to the stator 31 and the rotor connected to the inner tub 200 in the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33, that is, as the rotor of the motor 300 and to drive the wave
  • the wheel 400 rotates, so that the equivalent pole number of the motor 300 is relatively high, thereby achieving a large torque, low speed and high efficiency operation state of the washing machine S.
  • the switching mechanism 34 can fix the relative position between the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33 (shown in FIG. 4) such that the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33 As the double rotor of the motor 300 rotates synchronously with respect to the outer tub 100 and the stator 31, thereby driving the inner tub 200 and the pulsator 400 to rotate synchronously, so that the equivalent pole number of the motor 300 is low, thereby realizing the small torque of the washing machine S. High speed and efficient operation. Thereby, the switching between the washing state and the dehydration state is realized by the switching mechanism 34, and the equivalent rotor pole number and the operating point frequency of the motor 300 are adjusted, thereby realizing the pole-changing operation of the washing machine S.
  • the washing machine S can be relatively rotated by arranging the stator 31, the first rotor portion 32, and the second rotor portion 33 so that any two of them can be selectively fixed by the switching mechanism 34.
  • the rotor of the inner tub 200, and thus the rotor pole number and the operating frequency of the motor 300 are switched without changing the winding connection of the motor 300, thereby adapting to different modes of the washing machine S.
  • the overall structure can be simplified, the overall machine volume can be reduced, and the running noise of the washing machine S and the energy consumption of the whole machine can be reduced.
  • the washing machine S has the advantages of compact structure, small volume, low noise, low energy consumption, high torque direct drive, and efficient operation of the washing machine S in the washing mode and the dehydration mode.
  • the rotor portion 32, the second rotor portion 33, and the stator 31 are sequentially spaced from the outside to the inside in the radial direction of the motor 300, that is, the second rotor portion 33 is located outside the stator 31 and located at the first rotor portion.
  • the inner side of the 32 is spaced apart from each other to avoid interference when any two of them rotate relative to each other, thereby affecting the normal operation of the washing machine S.
  • the washing machine S further includes: a first rotating shaft 37 and a second rotating shaft 38, wherein the upper end of the first rotating shaft 37 is sequentially movably disposed in the outer tub 100 barrel bottom and inner barrel 200 barrel bottom, and the pulsator 400 is fixedly mounted, one of the second rotor portion 33 and the first rotor portion 32 is fixed to the lower end of the first rotating shaft 37, and the other is coupled to the second rotating shaft 38
  • the lower end is fixed
  • the second rotating shaft 38 is a hollow shaft that is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first rotating shaft 37, and the upper end is movably disposed at the bottom of the outer tub 100 and fixed to the bottom of the inner tub 200.
  • first rotating shaft 37 and the second rotating shaft 38 respectively extend in the vertical direction and are coaxially arranged, wherein the upper end of the first rotating shaft 37 is connected to the pulsator 400 to drive the pulsator 400 to rotate, and the lower end of the first rotating shaft 37 Connected to one of the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33, the upper end of the second rotating shaft 38 is fixedly coupled to the inner tub 200 to drive the inner tub 200 to rotate when the washing machine S is dehydrated, and the lower end of the second rotating shaft 38 and the first rotor portion 32 is connected to the other of the second rotor portions 33, and the movements of the first rotating shaft 37 and the second rotating shaft 38 are relatively independent, and no interference occurs to ensure the normal operation of the washing machine S.
  • the first rotor portion 32 is in driving communication with the pulsator 400 and the second rotor portion 33 is in driving communication with the inner tub 200.
  • the washing machine S is a pulsator washing machine and is mainly composed of an outer tub 100, an inner tub 200, a pulsator 400, and a motor 300.
  • the outer tub 100 and the inner tub 200 respectively extend in an axial direction (up and down direction as shown in FIG. 1), and the outer tub 100 is fixed on a casing (not shown) of the washing machine S, and the inner tub 200 is rotatably sleeved in the outer tub 100.
  • the pulsator 400 is rotatably disposed in the inner tub 200 such that the inner tub 200 has rotational independence with respect to the outer tub 100 and the pulsator 400 with respect to the inner tub 200, thereby driving the pulsator through the motor 300.
  • the 400 is rotated by itself or rotated together with the inner tub 200 to achieve washing and dehydration purposes.
  • the motor 300 is mainly composed of a stator 31, a first rotor portion 32, a second rotor portion 33, and a switching mechanism 34, and the stator 31, the first rotor portion 32, and the second rotor portion 33 are formed substantially in a cylindrical structure, and The first rotor portion 32, the second rotor portion 33, and the stator 31 are sequentially spaced apart from each other in the radial direction of the motor 300, that is, the second rotor portion 33 is located outside the stator 31 and located at the first rotor portion 32. On the inner side, the three are spaced apart to avoid interference when any two of them rotate relative to each other, thereby affecting the normal operation of the washing machine S.
  • any two of the first rotor portion 32, the second rotor portion 33, and the stator 31 can be relatively rotated, that is, the first rotor portion 32 can be rotated relative to the stator 31 or the second rotor portion 33.
  • the second rotor portion 33 can also be rotated relative to the first rotor portion 32 or the stator 31.
  • the stator 31 is disposed on the outer tub 100 and fixed to the opposite position of the outer tub 100, that is, the stator 31 and the outer tub 100 are relatively stationary, and the first rotor portion 32 is drivingly connected with the pulsator 400, that is, the first rotor.
  • the portion 32 and the pulsator 400 can be moved synchronously, or can be synchronized without moving, thereby realizing the driving of the pulsator 400 by the motor 300.
  • the second rotor portion 33 is drivingly coupled to the inner tub 200, that is, the second rotor portion 33 and the inner tub 200 can be synchronously moved, or can be synchronized without movement, thereby realizing the driving of the inner tub 200 by the motor 300.
  • the switching mechanism 34 can fix the relative position between the stator 31 and the second rotor portion 33 (shown in FIG. 1) such that the stator 31 and the second rotor portion 33 function as the motor 300.
  • the stator is stationary with respect to the outer tub 100.
  • the first rotor portion 32 is formed to be rotatable relative to the stator 31 and the second rotor portion 33, that is, as the rotor of the motor 300 and to drive the pulsator 400 to rotate, thereby
  • the equivalent pole number of the motor 300 is relatively high, thereby realizing the large torque of the washing machine S Low speed and efficient operation.
  • the switching mechanism 34 can fix the relative position between the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33 (shown in FIG. 4) such that the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33 As the double rotor of the motor 300 rotates synchronously with respect to the outer tub 100 and the stator 31, thereby driving the inner tub 200 and the pulsator 400 to rotate synchronously, so that the equivalent pole number of the motor 300 is low, thereby realizing the small torque of the washing machine S. High speed and efficient operation. Thereby, the switching between the washing state and the dehydration state is realized by the switching mechanism 34, and the equivalent rotor pole number and the operating point frequency of the motor 300 are adjusted, thereby realizing the pole-changing operation of the washing machine S.
  • stator 31, the first rotor portion 32, and the second rotor portion 33 can be relatively rotated by being disposed in any two, and the position of two of them can be selectively fixed by the switching mechanism 34, thereby causing the first rotor portion 32 or the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33 are respectively formed as rotors that can drive the pulsator 400 or the pulsator 400 and the inner tub 200 in two operating states, and thus, without changing the winding connection of the motor 300, Switching between the number of poles of the motor 300 and the operating frequency is achieved to accommodate different modes of the washing machine S.
  • the overall structure can be simplified, the overall machine volume can be reduced, and the running noise of the washing machine S and the energy consumption of the whole machine can be reduced.
  • the washing machine S has the advantages of compact structure, small volume, low noise, low energy consumption, high torque direct drive, and efficient operation of the washing machine S in the washing mode and the dehydration mode.
  • the switching mechanism 34 includes a stator fixing ring 341, a first rotor fixing ring 342, a second rotor fixing ring 343, a driving portion 3441, and a synchronizer 3442.
  • the relative positions of the stator fixing ring 341 and the stator 31 are fixed, the relative positions of the first rotor fixing ring 342 and the first rotor portion 32 are fixed, the relative positions of the second rotor fixing ring 343 and the second rotor portion 33 are fixed, and the synchronizer 3442 is
  • the driving unit 3441 is driven to slide, and the switching mechanism 34 is in the washing state
  • the synchronizer 3442 is driven by the driving unit 3441 to cooperate with the stator fixing ring 341 and the second rotor fixing ring 343, respectively.
  • the synchronizer 3442 When the switching mechanism 34 is in the dehydrated state, the synchronizer 3442 The first rotor fixing ring 342 and the second rotor fixing ring 343 are respectively engaged by the driving portion 3441.
  • the switching mechanism 34 is mainly composed of a stator fixing ring 341, a first rotor fixing ring 342, a second rotor fixing ring 343, a driving portion 3441, and a synchronizer 3442.
  • the stator fixing ring 341 is formed substantially in a circular ring structure, and the relative positions of the stator fixing ring 341 and the stator 31 are fixed, that is, the stator fixing ring 341 and the stator 31 are not moved synchronously, and the first rotor fixing ring 342 and the first rotor portion 32 are not moved.
  • the relative position of the first rotor fixing ring 342 and the first rotor portion 32 can be synchronized or not synchronized; the relative position of the second rotor fixing ring 343 and the second rotor portion 33 is fixed, that is, the second The rotor fixing ring 343 and the second rotor portion 33 can move synchronously or synchronously, and the synchronizer 3442 is disposed adjacent to the stator fixing ring 341, the first rotor fixing ring 342, and the second rotor fixing ring 343, and can pass through the driving portion 3441.
  • the drive moves in the axial direction (up and down direction as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4), thereby switching between different states of the motor 300, thereby realizing the pole-changing operation of the washing machine S.
  • the switching mechanism 34 When the switching mechanism 34 is in the washing state (the position shown in FIG. 2), the synchronizer 3442 is driven at the driving portion 3441. Next, one side is engaged with the stator fixing ring 341, and the other side is engaged with the second rotor fixing ring 343, so that the relative positions of the stator 31 and the second rotor portion 33 are fixed (ie, synchronously not moving), at this time, the first rotor
  • the portion 32 is formed as a rotor that rotates relative to the stator 31 and can drive the pulsator 400 to rotate, so that the equivalent pole number of the motor 300 is high, thereby realizing a large torque, low speed, and high-efficiency operation state of the washing machine S.
  • the switching mechanism 34 When the switching mechanism 34 is in the dehydrated state (as shown in FIG.
  • the synchronizer 3442 is driven by the driving portion 3441, one side is engaged with the first rotor fixing ring 342, and the other side is engaged with the second rotor fixing ring 343.
  • the relative positions of the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33 are fixed (i.e., can be synchronized or synchronized), and at this time, the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33 are formed as a rotor that rotates relative to the stator 31.
  • the pulsator 400 and the inner tub 200 can be rotated synchronously, so that the equivalent pole pair of the motor 300 is low, thereby achieving a small torque high-speed and high-efficiency operation state of the washing machine S.
  • the driving portion 3441 is a control coil that slides by the electromagnetic induction driving synchronizer 3442.
  • the driving portion 3441 a control coil that can be slid by the electromagnetic induction control synchronizer 3442, wiring inside the motor 300 can be simplified, making the overall structure of the motor 300 simpler.
  • the synchronizer 3442, the stator fixing ring 341, the first rotor fixing ring 342 and the second rotor fixing ring 343 are respectively provided with latching teeth, and when the switching mechanism 34 is in the washing state, the latching teeth on the synchronizer 3442 are respectively The latches on the stator retaining ring 341 are engaged with the latches on the second rotor retaining ring 343.
  • the switching mechanism 34 is in the dehydrated state, the latches on the synchronizer 3442 and the latches on the first rotor retaining ring 342 and the first The latches on the two rotor retaining rings 343 are engaged.
  • the synchronizer 3442 is formed substantially in a cylindrical structure.
  • the inner wall and the outer wall of the synchronizer 3442 of the cylindrical structure are respectively provided with engaging teeth, and the inner wall of the first rotor fixing ring 342 is provided.
  • the latching teeth are provided with the latching teeth on the inner wall of the second rotor retaining ring 343, and the latching teeth on the outer wall of the synchronizer 3442 can be engaged with the latches on the inner walls of the first rotor retaining ring 342 and the second rotor retaining ring 343, and are synchronized.
  • the latches on the inner wall of the holder 3442 can be engaged with the latches on the outer wall of the stator retaining ring 341, thereby enhancing the synchronizer 3442 with the stator retaining ring 341, the first rotor retaining ring 342 and the second rotor by the cooperation of the engaging teeth.
  • the reliability of the connection between the rings 343 ensures the normal operation of the motor 300.
  • the latches on the synchronizer 3442 are distributed on the outer circumferential surface and the inner circumferential surface of the synchronizer 3442, and the latches on the stator fixing ring 341 are distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the stator fixing ring 341, and the first rotor fixing ring 342
  • the latches are distributed on the inner peripheral surface of the first rotor retaining ring 342, and the latches on the second rotor retaining ring 343 are distributed on the inner peripheral surface of the second rotor retaining ring 343.
  • the inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the synchronizer 3442 are respectively provided with engaging teeth
  • the inner circumferential surface of the first rotor fixing ring 342 is provided with a latching tooth
  • the inner circumferential surface of the second rotor fixing ring 343 is provided with a card.
  • the teeth on the outer circumferential surface of the synchronizer 3442 can be engaged with the engaging teeth on the inner circumferential surfaces of the first rotor fixing ring 342 and the second rotor fixing ring 343, and the teeth on the inner circumferential surface of the synchronizer 3442 can be coupled to the stator
  • the engaging teeth on the outer circumferential surface of the fixing ring 341 are engaged, thereby enhancing the connection reliability between the synchronizer 3442 and the stator fixing ring 341, the first rotor fixing ring 342 and the second rotor fixing ring 343 by the cooperation between the teeth.
  • the normal operation of the motor 300 is ensured.
  • the engaging teeth on the outer circumferential surface of the synchronizer 3442 mesh with the engaging teeth on the inner circumferential surface of the second rotor fixing ring 343, and the inner circumferential surface of the synchronizer 3442
  • the latching teeth mesh with the latching teeth on the outer circumferential surface of the stator fixing ring 341, thereby ensuring the transmission connection of the stator 31 and the second rotor portion 33, and the stator 31 and the second rotor portion 33 are not rotated synchronously; when the switching mechanism 34 is in a dehydrated state (eg In the position shown in FIG.
  • the latches on the outer peripheral surface of the synchronizer 3442 simultaneously mesh with the latches on the inner circumferential surfaces of the first rotor retaining ring 342 and the second rotor retaining ring 343, thereby ensuring the first rotor portion 32 and the first rotor portion 32.
  • the transmission connection of the two rotor portions 33 allows the first rotor portion 32 and the second rotor portion 33 to move synchronously or synchronously.
  • the motor 300 further includes a stator casing 351, an outer rotor casing 352 and an inner rotor casing 353.
  • the stator casing 351 is mounted on the outer tub 100, and the stator 31 is drivingly coupled to the stator casing 351.
  • the stator 31 and the first rotor portion are coupled.
  • 32 and the second rotor portion 33 are both disposed in the outer rotor casing 352, the first rotor portion 32 is drivingly coupled to the outer rotor casing 352, and the outer rotor casing 352 is drivingly coupled to the inner tub 200 through the first rotating shaft 37, and the inner rotor casing 353 is disposed in the outer rotor casing 352 and is drivingly connected to the second rotor portion 33.
  • the inner rotor casing 353 is drivingly connected to the inner tub 200 through the second rotating shaft 38.
  • the stator retaining ring 341 is drivingly coupled to the stator housing 351
  • the first rotor retaining ring 342 is drivingly coupled to the outer rotor housing 352
  • the second rotor retaining ring 343 is drivingly coupled to the second rotor portion 33.
  • the outer rotor casing 352 is formed substantially in a cylindrical structure open at one end (the lower end) and is fixedly coupled to the outer tub 100, the first rotor portion 32, the second rotor portion 33, and the stator 31.
  • the outer rotor casing 352 is sequentially spaced apart from the outer rotor casing 352 in the radial direction of the outer rotor casing 352 and disposed coaxially, thereby protecting the internal components of the motor 300 through the outer rotor casing 352 to avoid accidental damage.
  • the second rotating shaft 38 is a hollow shaft
  • the first rotating shaft 37 is a solid disposed in the second rotating shaft 38 and spaced apart from the second rotating shaft 38. axis.
  • the inner rotor casing 353 and the second rotating shaft 38 are engaged by the bearing 361, and the first rotating shaft 37 and the second rotating shaft 38 are matched by the oil bearing 362.
  • the inner circumferential surface of the inner rotor casing 353 is engaged with the outer circumferential surface of the bearing 361, and the second rotating shaft 38
  • the outer peripheral surface is fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the bearing 361.
  • the inner peripheral surface of the second rotating shaft 38 is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the oil-impregnated bearing 362, and the outer peripheral surface of the first rotating shaft 37 is fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the oil-impregnated bearing 362.
  • the stator 31 includes a stator core 311 and a stator winding 312, and the stator winding 312 is wound on the stator core 311.
  • the stator 31 is mainly composed of a stator core 311 and a stator winding 312.
  • the stator core 311 is made of a highly magnetic material.
  • the high magnetic material may be a silicon steel sheet, a cobalt steel sheet or a permalloy. , SMC and other materials.
  • the stator windings 312 are wound on the stator core 311.
  • the stator windings 312 may be concentrated windings or distributed windings, that is, the span of the stator windings 312 may be 1 or other integers, and the phases of the stator windings 312. The number can be single or multi-phase such that the stator winding 312 passes an AC current to generate a magnetic field.
  • stator core 311, the winding form of the stator winding 312, and the number of phases of the stator winding 312 can be adaptively selected according to actual design requirements to ensure the torque and power density of the motor 300. .
  • the first rotor portion 32 includes a rotor core 321 and a permanent magnet 322, and the permanent magnet 322 is disposed on the rotor core 321 .
  • the first rotor portion 32 is mainly composed of a rotor core 321 and a permanent magnet 322, and the permanent magnet 322 is provided on the rotor core 321 and is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotor core 321 Arrangement.
  • the rotor core 321 is made of a highly magnetic material, which may be a silicon steel sheet, a cobalt steel sheet, a permalloy, an SMC or the like.
  • the permanent magnet 322 is mainly composed of a permanent magnet material, and the permanent magnet material may be a material such as neodymium iron boron, ferrite, aluminum nickel cobalt, samarium cobalt or the like.
  • the permanent magnet 322 may be combined with the rotor core 321 by surface mount (SPM), built-in (IPM), surface mount (Inset PM), etc., for example, in one example of the present invention, the permanent magnet 322
  • SPM surface mount
  • IPM built-in
  • Iset PM surface mount
  • the rotor cores 321 are embedded in such a manner that the adjacent permanent magnets 322 have the same polarity, thereby ensuring the stability of the structure of the first rotor portion 32 and generating an exciting magnetic field.
  • the permanent magnets 322 are formed substantially in an elongated structure, and the plurality of elongated permanent magnets 322 are circumferentially inserted into the rotor core 321 in a circumferential direction with the same polarity of the adjacent permanent magnets 322, and are long.
  • the short sides of the strip-shaped permanent magnets 322 are arranged in the radial direction (as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6).
  • the shape of the permanent magnet 322 may also be an arc shape, and the permanent magnets 322 of the plurality of arc structures are embedded in the rotor core 321 in the circumferential direction in such a manner that the adjacent permanent magnets 322 have the same polarity, and the arc shape is The arcuate edges of the permanent magnets 322 are arranged in the circumferential direction. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can change the number, shape and arrangement of the permanent magnets 322 according to actual design requirements, so as to adjust the equivalent rotor pole number and the working electric frequency, so that when the output mechanical speed is the same, it can be switched.
  • the different operating states of the motor 300 such as the washing state and the dewatering state, enable the pole-changing operation of the washing machine S.
  • the second rotor portion 33 includes a plurality of cores 331 and a plurality of non-magnetic spacers 332, and the plurality of cores 331 and the plurality of non-magnetic spacers 332 are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the motor 300.
  • the second rotor portion 33 is mainly composed of a plurality of magnetic cores 331 and a plurality of non-magnetic magnetic spacers 332, a plurality of The magnetic core 331 and the plurality of non-magnetic spacing blocks 332 are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the motor 300.
  • the magnetic core 331 is made of a highly magnetic material, which may be a silicon steel sheet, a cobalt steel sheet or a permalloy. , SMC and other materials.
  • the non-magnetic spacing block 332 is made of a non-magnetic material, and the non-magnetic material may be air, plastic, polymer, non-magnetic metal or the like.
  • the pole pair number of the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator 31 is p s
  • the pole pair number of the exciting magnetic field generated by the first rotor portion 32 is p f
  • the stator 31 is driven by an alternating current and generates a rotating magnetic field having a pole pair number p s
  • the first rotor portion 32 generates an exciting magnetic field having a pole pair number p f
  • the number of the magnetic conductive cores 331 is p r
  • the number of the conductive cores 331 is equal to the sum of the number of pole pairs of the rotating magnetic field and the number of pole pairs of the exciting magnetic field or the difference between the two, thereby ensuring that the motor 300 can operate normally under different operating conditions.
  • stator 31, the second rotor portion 33, and the first rotor portion 32 are sequentially spaced apart from the outside to the inside in the radial direction of the motor. That is, the second rotor portion 33 is located inside the stator 31 and outside the first rotor portion 32, and is disposed apart from each other, thereby avoiding interference when any two of them rotate relative to each other, thereby affecting the washing machine S. normal work.
  • the first rotor portion 32 is in driving communication with the inner tub 200 and the second rotor portion 33 is in driving communication with the pulsator 400.
  • the washing machine S is a pulsator washing machine and includes: an inner tub 200; an outer tub 100 disposed outside the inner tub 200; and a pulsator 400 disposed at the bottom of the inner tub 200
  • the motor 300 is fixed relative to the outer tub 100 and includes a stator 31, a second rotor portion 33, a first rotor portion 32, a first rotating shaft 37, a second rotating shaft 38, and a switching mechanism 34, wherein:
  • the second rotor portion 33 is fixed to the lower end of the first rotating shaft 37, and the first rotor portion 32 is fixed to the lower end of the second rotating shaft 38.
  • the upper end of the first rotating shaft 37 is sequentially movably disposed at the bottom of the outer tub 100 and the bottom of the inner tub 200.
  • the slewing wheel 400 is fixedly mounted; the second rotating shaft 38 is a hollow shaft that is sleeved on the periphery of the first rotating shaft 37, and the upper end is movably disposed at the bottom of the outer tub 100 and fixed to the bottom of the inner tub 200.
  • the switching mechanism 34 includes a brake assembly 345 for restricting rotation of the second rotating shaft 38 in the washing mode, and a synchronous switching assembly 346 for making the second rotor in the dehydrating mode.
  • the portion 33 is synchronized with the rotation of the first rotor portion 32.
  • the washing machine S motor 300 is preferably fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the bottom of the outer tub 100; however, the design is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the motor 300 may also be fixed to the base of the washing machine S, as long as the motor 300 and the outer tub 100 is relatively fixed.
  • the first rotating shaft 37 is preferably a solid shaft so that the first rotating shaft 37 has better rigidity.
  • the second rotating shaft 38 is a hollow shaft, and there is preferably a space between the inner wall surface of the second rotating shaft 38 and the outer wall surface of the first rotating shaft 37 to prevent the mutual contact friction between the two from affecting the system efficiency of the washing machine.
  • the inner tub 200 does not rotate.
  • the synchronous switching assembly 346 is disengaged from the two rotors, only the first rotating shaft 37 Drive pulsator 400 Rotate to wash the laundry in the inner tub 200.
  • the brake assembly 345 releases the restriction on the second rotating shaft 38, and the synchronous switching assembly 346 synchronizes the rotation of the second rotor portion 33 and the first rotor portion 32, thereby passing the first rotating shaft 37 and the The two rotating shafts 38 drive the pulsator 400 and the inner tub 200 to rotate in the same direction at the same speed.
  • the second rotor portion 33 and the first rotor portion 32 are driven together, and the driving torque is large, and the inner tub 200 and the pulsator 400 can be realized. Rotate at high speed to dehydrate the clothes.
  • the state of the double rotor of the motor 300 is variable by the cooperation of the second rotor portion 33, the first rotor portion 32, the brake assembly 345, and the synchronous switching assembly 346.
  • the rotor driving pulsator 400 rotates to achieve washing of the laundry, and in the dehydration mode, the inner drum 200 and the pulsator 400 are driven to rotate at the same high speed by the dual rotors together, thereby achieving dehydration of the laundry, compared to the existing driving motor 300.
  • the planetary gear reduction device can be saved, thereby improving the system efficiency of the washing machine S and reducing the noise of the washing machine S.
  • the motor 300 in the present design has a more compact structure and a smaller overall volume, and can reduce the overall volume of the washing machine S under the premise of changing the weight of the laundry.
  • the stator 31, the second rotor portion 33 and the first rotor portion 32 are arranged in a concentric ring which is gradually reduced from the outside to the inside, so that the rotor and the drive can be facilitated.
  • the connection of the shaft makes the overall structure of the motor 300 simpler.
  • the second rotor portion 33 and the stator 31 and the first rotor portion 32 maintain mutual rotational independence without interfering with each other.
  • the second rotor portion 33 is fixed to the lower end of the first rotating shaft 37, and the first rotor portion 32 is fixed to the lower end of the second rotating shaft 38, that is, the second rotor portion 33 drives the pulsator 400 to rotate, the first rotor portion 32 drives the inner tub 200 to rotate. Since the radius of the second rotor portion 33 is larger than the radius of the first rotor portion 32, the second rotor portion 33 has a higher load capacity and more power to satisfy the laundry in the inner tub 200 through the pulsator 400. High power demand for washing.
  • the stator 31 includes a stator core 311 and a stator winding 312 wound around the stator core 311, wherein the stator core 311 is made of a highly magnetic material, and the stator winding 312
  • the second rotor portion 33 includes a plurality of cores 331 and a plurality of non-magnetic spacers 332, wherein the plurality of cores 331 and the plurality of non-magnetic spacers 332 are alternately arranged to form a convex
  • the pole rotor, the core 331 is made of a highly magnetically permeable material, and the non-magnetic spacer 332 is made of a non-magnetic material.
  • the first rotor portion 32 preferably includes a rotor core 321 and a plurality of permanent magnets 322 embedded in the rotor core 321 , wherein the rotor core 321 is made of a highly magnetic material, and a plurality of permanent magnets The 322 is radially outwardly disposed in the rotor core 321 and the adjacent two permanent magnets 322 are disposed opposite to each other with the same polarity.
  • the present design is not limited thereto.
  • the second rotor portion 33 and the first rotor portion 32 may also be rotors of other configurations, as long as the rotation of the first rotating shaft 37 and the second rotating shaft 38 can be respectively achieved. .
  • the number of pole pairs of the stator 31 is ps
  • the number of pole pairs of the second rotor portion 33 is pr
  • the number (pr in this embodiment) achieves high torque, low speed and high efficiency operation, and achieves high speed and high efficiency operation through a lower working pole logarithm (in this embodiment, ps) in the dehydration mode, thereby making the washing machine S can achieve energy-efficient operation in different modes.
  • the brake assembly 345 preferably includes a holding clamp 3451 ringed on the periphery of the second rotating shaft 38 and a brake driving member drivingly connected to the holding clamp 3451 (not shown).
  • the brake driving member driving the holding clamp 3451 holds the second rotating shaft 38 to restrict the rotation of the second rotating shaft 38.
  • the braking driving member drives the holding clamp 3451 to release the second rotating shaft. 38 to release the rotation restriction on the second rotating shaft 38.
  • the synchronous switching assembly 346 includes a synchronous annular body 3461 located on one axial side of the second rotor portion 33 and the first rotor portion 32, and a synchronous driving member that drives the synchronous annular body 3461 to move in the axial direction (not As shown in the figure, a first synchronizing structure 3462 is disposed between the synchronizing annular body 3461 and the second rotor portion 33, and a second synchronizing structure 3465 is disposed between the first rotor portion 32 and the first rotor portion 32.
  • the synchronous switching assembly 346 is preferably located on the upper axial side of the second rotor portion 33 and the first rotor portion 32 to facilitate the hidden setting of the synchronous switching assembly 346 within the motor 300.
  • the driving method of the synchronous driving member may be electromagnetic or mechanical, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the synchronous driving member drives the synchronizing annular body 3461 to move upward to disengage from the second rotor portion 33 and the first rotor portion 32, so that the first synchronizing structure 3462 and the second synchronizing structure 3465 cannot be activated.
  • the first rotating shaft 37 can be rotated by the second rotor portion 33.
  • the synchronous driving member drives the synchronizing annular body 3461 to move downward to connect the second rotor portion 33 and the first rotor portion 32, so that the first synchronizing structure 3462 and the second synchronizing structure 3465 function as synchronization.
  • the rotation of the second rotor portion 33 and the first rotor portion 32 is synchronized.
  • the first synchronization structure 3462 preferably includes a first rack ring 3463 protruding from the second rotor portion 33 toward the synchronous annular body 3461, and a corresponding first rack ring 3463 on the synchronous annular body 3461.
  • the first cogging ring 3464 such that the synchronous ring body 3461 and the second rotor portion 33 are rotated in synchronization by the adaptive engagement of the first rack ring 3463 with the first cogging ring 3464.
  • the second synchronizing structure 3465 preferably includes a second rack ring 3467 protruding from the first rotor portion 32 toward the synchronizing annular body 3461, and a second cogging ring disposed on the synchronizing annular body 3461 corresponding to the second rack ring 3467. 3468.
  • the synchronizing annular body 3461 can also rotate in synchronization with the first rotor portion 32.
  • the second rotor portion 33, the synchronous annular body 3461, and the first rotor portion 32 are synchronously rotated, that is, the rotation of the second rotor portion 33 and the first rotor portion 32 is synchronized.
  • the present design is not limited thereto.
  • the first synchronization structure 3462 and the second synchronization structure 3465 may also be, but are not limited to, a keyway-matching structure, as long as the second rotor portion 33 and the first rotor portion 32 can be realized. Rotate the sync.
  • the state of the dual rotor of the motor 300 is variable, and in the washing mode, only one of the rotors is driven.
  • the pulsator 400 rotates to achieve washing of the laundry, and in the dehydration mode, the inner drum 200 and the pulsator 400 are driven to rotate at the same high speed by the dual rotors together, thereby realizing dehydration of the laundry, which can save compared with the existing driving motor.
  • the planetary gear reduction device increases the system efficiency of the washing machine S and reduces the noise of the washing machine S.
  • a pulsator washing machine S according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 12 through a plurality of specific embodiments.
  • the main structure of the pulsator washing machine S in the embodiment of the present invention includes an outer tub 100, an inner tub 200, a pulsator 400, and a main component for driving the pole shifting motor 300, wherein the washing machine S
  • the outer tub 100 is fixed to the casing of the washing machine S.
  • the pole-changing electric motor 300 includes main components such as the stator 31, the first rotor portion 32, the second rotor portion 33, and the switching mechanism 34.
  • the stator 31 of the motor 300 includes a stator core 311 of a high magnetic permeability material, a stator winding 312 wound thereon, and a stator casing 351, wherein the stator casing 351 is fixed to the outer tub of the washing machine S by bolts. 100 on.
  • the first rotor portion 32 includes a rotor core 321 made of a highly magnetically permeable material, and a permanent magnet 322 arranged in a built-in manner.
  • the permanent magnets 322 are circumferentially arranged in such a manner that the adjacent permanent magnets 322 have the same polarity.
  • the first rotor portion 32 drives the pulsator 400 to rotate by the first rotating shaft 37.
  • the switching mechanism 34 includes a driving coil, a stator fixing ring 341, a second rotor fixing ring 343, a first rotor fixing ring 342, a synchronizer 3442, and the like.
  • the synchronizer 3442 is a ring gear having teeth on the radially inner side and the outer side, the second rotor fixing ring 343 and the first rotor fixing ring 342 are radially inner toothed ring gears, and the stator fixing ring 341 is radially outwardly toothed. Ring gear.
  • the drive coil drive synchronizer 3442 is moved to the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and the stator fixed ring 341 and the second rotor retaining ring 343 are engaged, so that the second rotor portion 33 and the stator 31 maintains a fixed relative position charge and functions as a stator of the pole-changing electric motor 30.
  • the first rotor portion 32 drives the pulsator 400 of the washing machine S as a single rotating component of the motor 300 to perform a low-speed, high-torque washing operation.
  • the drive coil drive synchronizer 3442 is operated to the position shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 to engage the second rotor retaining ring 343 and the first rotor retaining ring 342.
  • the stator 31 is a fixed member, and the second rotor portion 33 and the first rotor portion 32 are locked and held in a relatively fixed position to serve as a rotor of the pole-changing electric motor 30, and the driving pulsator 400 and the inner tub 200 are driven to rotate at a high speed.
  • the ratio of the speed of dewatering and washing to the barrel is 6.66, but the ratio of the working frequency of the motor 300 during dehydration and washing is only 1.68, which ensures that the motor 300 operates in a high efficiency range in both states, and the washing machine S consumes a large amount of energy. Amplitude drop.
  • the washing machine S includes an inner tub 200 , an outer tub 100 , a pulsator 400 , and a motor 300 .
  • the outer tub 100 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner tub 200
  • the pulsator 400 is disposed in the inner tub 200 .
  • the bottom motor 300 is fixed to the outer tub 100.
  • the motor 300 includes a stator 31, a second rotor portion 33, a first rotor portion 32, a first rotating shaft 37, a second rotating shaft 38, and a switching mechanism 34.
  • the second rotor portion 33 is fixed to the lower end of the first rotating shaft 37, and the first rotor portion 32 is fixed to the lower end of the second rotating shaft 38.
  • the upper end of the first rotating shaft 37 is sequentially movably disposed in the bottom of the outer tub 100 and the inner tub 200 barrels.
  • the bottom shaft is fixedly mounted by the pulsator 400.
  • the second rotating shaft 38 is a hollow shaft that is sleeved on the periphery of the first rotating shaft 37, and the upper end is movably disposed at the bottom of the outer tub 100 and fixed to the bottom of the inner tub 200.
  • the switching mechanism 34 includes a brake assembly 345 for restricting rotation of the second rotating shaft 38 in the washing mode, and a synchronous switching assembly 346 for making the second rotor in the dehydrating mode.
  • the portion 33 is synchronized with the rotation of the first rotor portion 32.
  • the brake assembly 345 and the synchronous switching assembly 346 are respectively moved to the positions shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, and since the rotation of the second rotating shaft 38 under the action of the brake assembly 345 is restricted, the inner tub 200 There is no rotation. At this time, the synchronous switching assembly 346 is disengaged from the two rotors, and only the first rotating shaft 37 drives the pulsator 400 to rotate, and the laundry in the inner tub 200 is washed. In the dehydration mode, the brake assembly 345 and the synchronous switching assembly 346 are respectively moved to the positions shown in FIGS.
  • the brake assembly 345 releases the restriction on the second rotating shaft 38, and the synchronous switching assembly 346 causes the first The rotation of the two rotor portions 33 and the first rotor portion 32 is synchronized, so that the pulsator 400 and the inner tub 200 are rotated in the same direction by the first rotating shaft 37 and the second rotating shaft 38.
  • the second rotor portion 33 and the second rotor portion 33 When the rotor portion 32 is driven in common, the driving torque is large, and the high speed rotation of the inner tub 200 and the pulsator 400 can be achieved to dehydrate the laundry.
  • the state of the double rotor of the motor 300 is variable by the cooperation of the second rotor portion 33, the first rotor portion 32, the brake assembly 345, and the synchronous switching assembly 346.
  • the rotor driving pulsator 400 rotates to achieve washing of the laundry, and in the dehydration mode, the inner drum 200 and the pulsator 400 are driven to rotate at the same high speed by the dual rotors together, thereby achieving dehydration of the laundry, compared to the existing driving motor 300.
  • the planetary gear reduction device can be saved, thereby improving the system efficiency of the washing machine S and reducing the noise of the washing machine S.
  • the motor 300 in the present design has a more compact structure and a smaller overall volume, and can reduce the overall volume of the washing machine S under the premise of changing the weight of the laundry.
  • the washing machine S adopts a completely different working principle from the existing permanent magnet motor, and the torque density is greatly improved under the same volume, so that high torque direct driving can be realized without using planetary gear deceleration. Increase the moment.
  • the motor 300 can achieve high torque, low speed and high efficiency operation by the large number of working poles in the washing state. In the dehydrated state, high-speed and high-efficiency operation is achieved by a lower working pole log rate, so the washing machine 300 achieves energy-efficient operation in different states.
  • the new principle motor is used as the power source, the overall size of the power structure is small and the structure is compact, and the volume of the washing machine S can be reduced under the premise of changing the weight of the laundry, and the gear reduction is cancelled.
  • the structure the power system efficiency is significantly improved, and the noise is significantly reduced.
  • washing machine S According to an embodiment of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like shall be understood broadly, and may be either a fixed connection or a detachable connection, unless explicitly stated and defined otherwise. , or integrated; can be mechanical connection, or can be electrical connection; can be directly connected, or can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction of two elements.
  • installation can be understood on a case-by-case basis.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Main Body Construction Of Washing Machines And Laundry Dryers (AREA)

Abstract

一种洗衣机(S)，包括：外桶(100)；内桶(200)，内桶(200)可旋转地设在外桶(100)内；波轮(400)，波轮(400)可旋地地设在内桶(200)内；电机(300)，电机(300)包括定子(31)、第一转子部(32)、第二转子部(33)以及切换机构(34)，定子(31)与外桶(100)的相对位置固定，第一转子部(32)和第二转子部(33)中的一个与内桶(200)传动连接，第一转子部(32)和第二转子部(33)中的另一个与波轮(400)传动连接，切换机构(34)处于洗涤状态时，固定定子(31)与第一转子部(32)和第二转子部(33)中的一个的相对位置，切换机构(34)处于脱水状态时，固定第一转子部(32)与第二转子部(33)的相对位置。

Description

洗衣机 技术领域
本发明涉及洗衣机制造技术领域，尤其涉及一种洗衣机。
背景技术
目前，波轮洗衣机的驱动方式通常为皮带驱动或直接驱动，这两种驱动模式均需要配备离合器进行减速，不仅影响洗衣机的***效率，而且噪音较大。为此，相关技术中提出了采用机械离合切换装置的技术方案，但这种技术方案的转矩密度较小，且结构复杂，导致洗衣机的体积较大。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的上述技术问题之一。为此，本发明提出一种洗衣机，该洗衣机结构具有***效率高、噪音小、转矩密度大、体积小等优点。
根据本发明实施例的洗衣机，包括：外桶；内桶，所述内桶可旋转地设在所述外桶内；波轮，所述波轮可旋地地设在所述内桶内；电机，所述电机包括分别可相对旋转的定子、第一转子部、第二转子部以及在洗涤状态和脱水状态之间可切换的切换机构，所述定子安装在所述外桶上且与所述外桶的相对位置固定，所述第一转子部和所述第二转子部中的一个与所述内桶传动连接，所述第一转子部和所述第二转子部中的另一个与所述波轮传动连接，所述切换机构处于所述洗涤状态时，固定所述定子与所述第一转子部和所述第二转子部中的一个的相对位置，所述第一转子部和所述第二转子部中的另一个充当用于驱动所述波轮旋转的转子，所述切换机构处于所述脱水状态时，固定所述第一转子部与所述第二转子部的相对位置，所述第一转子部和所述第二转子部充当用于驱动所述内桶和所述波轮同步旋转的转子。
根据本发明的洗衣机结构具有***效率高、噪音小、转矩密度大、体积小等优点。
另外，根据本发明实施例的电机还可以具有如下附加的技术特征：
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述定子、所述第二转子部和所述第一转子部沿所述电机的径向由外至内依次间隔设置。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述第一转子部、所述第二转子部和所述定子沿所述电机的径向由外至内依次间隔设置。
根据本发明的一个实施例，还包括：第一转轴，所述第一转轴的上端依次活动穿设于所述外桶桶底和所述内桶桶底，且供所述波轮固定安装，所述第二转子部和第一转子部的其中一者与所述第一转轴的下端固定，另一者与所述第二转轴的下端固定；第二转轴，所述第二 转轴为活动套设于所述第一转轴***的空心轴，且上端活动穿设于所述外桶桶底，并与所述内桶桶底固定。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述第一转子部与所述波轮传动连接，所述第二转子部与所述内桶传动连接。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述切换机构包括：定子固定环，所述定子固定环与所述定子的相对位置固定；第一转子固定环，所述第一转子固定环与所述第一转子部的相对位置固定；第二转子固定环，所述第二转子固定环与所述第二转子部的相对位置固定；驱动部和同步器，所述同步器由所述驱动部驱动滑动，所述切换机构处于所述洗涤状态时，所述同步器在所述驱动部的驱动下分别与所述定子固定环和所述第二转子固定环配合，所述切换机构处于所述脱水状态时，所述同步器在所述驱动部的驱动下分别与所述第一转子固定环和所述第二转子固定环配合。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述驱动部为通过电磁感应驱动所述同步器滑动的控制线圈。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述同步器、所述定子固定环、所述第一转子固定环和所述第二转子固定环上分别设有卡齿，所述切换机构处于所述洗涤状态时，所述同步器上的卡齿分别与所述定子固定环上的卡齿和所述第二转子固定环上的卡齿啮合，所述切换机构处于所述脱水状态时，所述同步器上的卡齿分别与所述第一转子固定环上的卡齿和所述第二转子固定环上的卡齿啮合。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述同步器上的卡齿分布在所述同步器的外周面和内周面上，所述定子固定环上的卡齿分布在所述定子固定环的外周面上，所述第一转子固定环上的卡齿分布在所述第一转子固定环的内周面上，所述第二转子固定环上的卡齿分布在所述第二转子固定环的内周面上。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述电机还包括：定子机壳，所述定子机壳安装在所述外桶上，所述定子与所述定子机壳传动连接；外转子机壳，所述定子、所述第一转子部和所述第二转子部均设在所述外转子机壳内，所述第一转子部与所述外转子机壳传动连接且所述外转子机壳通过第一转轴与所述波轮传动连接；内转子机壳，所述内转子机壳设在所述外转子机壳内，所述内转子机壳与所述第二转子部传动连接且所述内转子机壳通过第二转轴与所述内桶传动连接；所述定子固定环与所述定子机壳传动连接，所述第一转子固定环与所述外转子机壳传动连接，所述第二转子固定环与所述第二转子部传动连接。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述定子机壳与所述第二转轴之间通过轴承配合。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述第二转轴为空心轴，所述第一转轴为设在所述第二转轴内且与所述第二转轴间隔开的实心轴。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述第一转轴与所述第二转轴之间通过含油轴承配合。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述第一转子部与所述内桶传动连接，所述第二转子部与所述波轮传动连接。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述切换机构包括：制动组件，所述制动组件用以在洗涤模式下，限制所述第二转轴转动；同步切换组件，所述同步切换组件用以在脱水模式下，使所述第二转子部和所述第一转子部的转动同步。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述制动组件包括环设于所述第二转轴***的抱夹、以及与所述抱夹驱动连接的制动驱动件，于洗涤模式下，所述制动驱动件驱动所述抱夹抱紧所述第二转轴，以限制所述第二转轴转动。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述同步切换组件包括位于所述第二转子部和第一转子部的轴向一侧的同步环状体、以及驱动所述同步环状体沿轴向方向移动的同步驱动件，所述同步环状体与所述第二转子部之间设有第一同步结构，与所述第一转子部之间设有第二同步结构。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述第一同步结构包括自所述第二转子部朝向所述同步环状体凸设的第一齿条环、以及所述同步环状体上对应所述第一齿条环设置的第一齿槽环；所述第二同步结构包括自所述第一转子部朝向所述同步环状体凸设的第二齿条环、以及所述同步环状体上对应所述第二齿条环设置的第二齿槽环。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述定子包括：定子导磁铁芯；定子绕组，所述定子绕组绕制在所述定子导磁铁芯上。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述第一转子部包括：转子导磁铁芯；永磁体，所述永磁体设在所述转子导磁铁芯上。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述第二转子部包括：多个导磁铁芯；多个非导磁间隔块，多个所述导磁铁芯和多个所述非导磁间隔块沿所述电机的周向交替排列。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述定子产生的旋转磁场的极对数为ps，所述第一转子部产生的永磁磁场的极对数为pf，所述导磁铁芯的数量为pr，其中，pr＝|ps±pf|。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明一个实施例的洗衣机在洗涤状态下的剖视图；
图2是图1中A部的放大图；
图3是图1中所示的洗衣机在洗涤状态下的电机的截面视图；
图4是根据本发明一个实施例的洗衣机在脱水状态下的剖视图；
图5是图4中B部的放大图；
图6是图4中所示的洗衣机在脱水状态下的电机的截面视图；
图7是根据本发明另一个实施例的洗衣机在洗涤模式下的结构示意图；
图8是图7中所示的II部的放大结构图；
图9是图7中所示的洗衣机的电机的结构示意图；
图10是图7中所示的洗衣机于脱水模式下的结构示意图；
图11是图10中所示的V部的放大结构图；
图12是图10中所示的洗衣机的电机的结构示意图。
附图标记：
S：洗衣机；
100：外桶；
200：内桶；
300：电机；
31：定子；311：定子导磁铁芯；312：定子绕组；
32：第一转子部；321：转子导磁铁芯；322：永磁体；
33：第二转子部；331：导磁铁芯；332：非导磁间隔块；
34：切换机构；
341：定子固定环；342：第一转子固定环；343：第二转子固定环；
3441：驱动部；3442：同步器；
345：制动组件；3451：抱夹；
346：同步切换组件；
3461：同步环状体；
3462：第一同步结构；3463：第一齿条环；3464：第一齿槽环；
3465：第二同步结构；3466：第二齿条环；3467：第二齿槽环；
351：定子机壳；352：外转子机壳；353：内转子机壳；
361：轴承；362：含有轴承；
37：第一转轴；
38：第二转轴；
400：波轮。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的 实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
波轮洗衣机的驱动方式通常为皮带驱动或直接驱动，这两种驱动模式均需要配备离合器进行减速，不仅影响洗衣机的***效率，而且噪音较大。为此，相关技术中提出了采用机械离合切换装置的技术方案，但这种技术方案的转矩密度较小，且结构复杂，导致洗衣机的体积较大。再有，在常见的波轮洗衣机中，其所驱动波轮和内桶的电机通常包括行星齿轮减速装置，以通过行星齿轮减速增矩，来实现对波轮和内桶的驱动。然而，行星齿轮减速装置的增设会降低洗衣机的***效率，同时，行星齿轮减速装置也是洗衣机***噪音的重要来源。
为此，本发明提出一种洗衣机，该洗衣机结构具有***效率高、噪音小、转矩密度大、体积小等优点。
下面结合附图1至图12具体描述根据本发明实施例的洗衣机S。
根据本发明实施例的洗衣机S包括外桶100、内桶200、波轮400和电机300。具体而言，内桶200可旋转地设在外桶100内，波轮400可旋转地设在内桶200内，电机300包括分别可相对旋转的定子31、第一转子部32、第二转子部33以及在洗涤状态和脱水状态之间可切换的切换机构34。
其中，定子31安装在外桶100上且与外桶100的相对位置固定，第一转子部32和第二转子部33中的一个与内桶200传动连接，第一转子部32第二转子部33中的另一个与波轮400传动连接，切换机构34处于洗涤状态时，固定定子31与第一转子部32和第二转子部33中的一个的相对位置，第一转子部32和第二转子部33中的另一个充当用于驱动波轮400旋转的转子，切换机构34处于脱水状态时，固定第一转子部32与第二转子部33的相对位置，第一转子部32和第二转子部33充当用于驱动内桶200和波轮400同步旋转的转子。
换言之，该洗衣机S为波轮洗衣机且主要由外桶100、内桶200、波轮400和电机300组成。外桶100和内桶200分别沿轴向方向(如图1所示上下方向)延伸，外桶100固定在洗衣机S的机箱(未示出)上，内桶200可旋转地套设在外桶100内，并且与外桶100同轴设置，波轮400可旋转地设置与内桶200内，从而使得内桶200相对于外桶100以及波轮400相对于内桶200具有旋转独立性，进而通过电机300驱动波轮400独自旋转或与内桶200共同旋转旋转，达到洗涤和脱水目的。
进一步地，电机300主要由定子31、第一转子部32、第二转子部33和切换机构34组成，定子31、第一转子部32、第二转子部33大致形成为圆筒形结构，并且第一转子部32、第二转子部33、定子31分别间隔开设置，从而避免任意两者之间相对旋转时产生干涉，进而影响洗衣机S的正常工作。同时，第一转子部32、第二转子部33和定子31三者之间任意两个都可以相对旋转，也就是说，第一转子部32可以相对于定子31或第二转子部33做旋转运动，第二转子部33也可以相对于第一转子部32或定子31做旋转运动。
另外，定子31设在外桶100上且与外桶100的相对位置固定，即定子31与外桶100之间相对静止，第一转子部32和第二转子部33中的一个与波轮400传动连接，也就是说，第一转子部32和第二转子部33中的一个与波轮400之间可以同步运动，也可以同步不运动，从而实现电机300对波轮400的驱动。第一转子部32和第二转子部33中的另一个与内桶200传动连接，也就是说，第一转子部32和第二转子部33中的另一个与内桶200之间可以同步运动，也可以同步不运动，从而实现电机300对内桶200的驱动。
再者，当洗衣机S处于洗涤状态时，切换机构34可以固定定子31与第一转子部32和第二转子部33中的与内桶200相连的一个转子部之间的相对位置，从而使得定子31与第一转子部32和第二转子部33中的与内桶200相连的一个转子部作为电机300的定子，相对于外桶100静止不动，此时，第一转子部32和第二转子部33中的与波轮400相连的一个转子部形成为可相对于定子31和第一转子部32和第二转子部33中的与内桶200相连的转子旋转，即作为电机300的转子并带动波轮400旋转，从而使得电机300的等效极对数较高，进而实现洗衣机S的大转矩低速高效运行状态。
当洗衣机S处于脱水状态时，切换机构34可以固定第一转子部32与第二转子部33(如图4所示)之间的相对位置，从而使得第一转子部32与第二转子部33作为电机300的双转子，相对于外桶100以及定子31同步旋转，从而驱动内桶200和波轮400同步旋转，进而使得电机300的等效极对数较低，进而实现洗衣机S的小转矩高速高效运行状态。从而通过切换机构34实现洗涤状态和脱水状态之间的切换，实现对电机300的等效转子极对数和工作点频率的调节，从而实现洗衣机S的变极变压运行。
由此，根据本发明实施例的洗衣机S，通过将定子31、第一转子部32、第二转子部33设置为任意两个均可相对旋转，并且利用切换机构34可选地固定其中两个的位置，从而使得第一转子部32和第二转子部33中的一个或第一转子部32和第二转子部33分别形成为在两种工作状态下的可以驱动波轮400或波轮400和内桶200的转子，进而在不改变电机300绕组连接的情况下，实现电机300转子极数和运行频率的切换，从而适应洗衣机S的不同模式。同时，通过采用电机300进行高转矩直接驱动，可以有效地简化整体结构，缩小整机体积，并且还可以降低洗衣机S运行噪音以及整机能耗。该洗衣机S的结构紧凑、体积小、噪音低、能耗低，可以实现高转矩直接驱动，同时有效地兼顾洗衣机S在洗涤模式以及脱水模式下高能效运行。
可选地，转子部32、第二转子部33和定子31沿电机300的径向由外至内依次间隔设置，也就是说，第二转子部33位于定子31的外侧且位于第一转子部32的内侧，三者之间间隔开设置，从而避免任意两者之间相对旋转时产生干涉，进而影响洗衣机S的正常工作。
洗衣机S还包括：第一转轴37和第二转轴38，第一转轴37的上端依次活动穿设于外桶 100桶底和内桶200桶底，且供波轮400固定安装，第二转子部33和第一转子部32的其中一者与第一转轴37的下端固定，另一者与第二转轴38的下端固定，第二转轴38为活动套设于第一转轴37***的空心轴，且上端活动穿设于外桶100桶底，并与内桶200桶底固定。
也就是说，第一转轴37和第二转轴38分别沿竖直方向延伸且同轴布置，其中，第一转轴37的上端与波轮400相连以带动波轮400旋转，第一转轴37的下端与第一转子部32和第二转子部33中的一个相连，第二转轴38的上端与内桶200固定相连以带动内桶200在洗衣机S脱水时转动，第二转轴38的下端与第一转子部32和第二转子部33中的另一个相连，第一转轴37和第二转轴38的运动相对独立，不会发生干涉，保证洗衣机S的正常工作。
在本发明的一些具体实施方式中，第一转子部32与波轮400传动连接，第二转子部33与内桶200传动连接。
如图1至图6所示，在本实施例中，该洗衣机S为波轮洗衣机且主要由外桶100、内桶200、波轮400和电机300组成。外桶100和内桶200分别沿轴向方向(如图1所示上下方向)延伸，外桶100固定在洗衣机S的机箱(未示出)上，内桶200可旋转地套设在外桶100内，并且与外桶100同轴设置，波轮400可旋转地设置与内桶200内，从而使得内桶200相对于外桶100以及波轮400相对于内桶200具有旋转独立性，进而通过电机300驱动波轮400独自旋转或与内桶200共同旋转旋转，达到洗涤和脱水目的。
进一步地，电机300主要由定子31、第一转子部32、第二转子部33和切换机构34组成，定子31、第一转子部32、第二转子部33大致形成为圆筒形结构，并且第一转子部32、第二转子部33、定子31沿电机300的径向方向由外向内依次间隔开设置，也就是说，第二转子部33位于定子31的外侧且位于第一转子部32的内侧，三者之间间隔开设置，从而避免任意两者之间相对旋转时产生干涉，进而影响洗衣机S的正常工作。同时，第一转子部32、第二转子部33和定子31三者之间任意两个都可以相对旋转，也就是说，第一转子部32可以相对于定子31或第二转子部33做旋转运动，第二转子部33也可以相对于第一转子部32或定子31做旋转运动。另外，定子31设在外桶100上且与外桶100的相对位置固定，即定子31与外桶100之间相对静止，第一转子部32与波轮400传动连接，也就是说，第一转子部32与波轮400之间可以同步运动，也可以同步不运动，从而实现电机300对波轮400的驱动。第二转子部33与内桶200传动连接，也就是说，第二转子部33与内桶200之间可以同步运动，也可以同步不运动，从而实现电机300对内桶200的驱动。再者，当洗衣机S处于洗涤状态时，切换机构34可以固定定子31与第二转子部33(如图1所示)之间的相对位置，从而使得定子31与第二转子部33作为电机300的定子，相对于外桶100静止不动，此时，第一转子部32形成为可相对于定子31和第二转子部33旋转，即作为电机300的转子并带动波轮400旋转，从而使得电机300的等效极对数较高，进而实现洗衣机S的大转矩 低速高效运行状态。
当洗衣机S处于脱水状态时，切换机构34可以固定第一转子部32与第二转子部33(如图4所示)之间的相对位置，从而使得第一转子部32与第二转子部33作为电机300的双转子，相对于外桶100以及定子31同步旋转，从而驱动内桶200和波轮400同步旋转，进而使得电机300的等效极对数较低，进而实现洗衣机S的小转矩高速高效运行状态。从而通过切换机构34实现洗涤状态和脱水状态之间的切换，实现对电机300的等效转子极对数和工作点频率的调节，从而实现洗衣机S的变极变压运行。
由此，通过将定子31、第一转子部32、第二转子部33设置为任意两个均可相对旋转，并且利用切换机构34可选地固定其中两个的位置，从而使得第一转子部32或第一转子部32和第二转子部33分别形成为在两种工作状态下的可以驱动波轮400或波轮400和内桶200的转子，进而在不改变电机300绕组连接的情况下，实现电机300转子极数和运行频率的切换，从而适应洗衣机S的不同模式。同时，通过采用电机300进行高转矩直接驱动，可以有效地简化整体结构，缩小整机体积，并且还可以降低洗衣机S运行噪音以及整机能耗。该洗衣机S的结构紧凑、体积小、噪音低、能耗低，可以实现高转矩直接驱动，同时有效地兼顾洗衣机S在洗涤模式以及脱水模式下高能效运行。
其中，切换机构34包括定子固定环341、第一转子固定环342、第二转子固定环343、驱动部3441和同步器3442。定子固定环341与定子31的相对位置固定，第一转子固定环342与第一转子部32的相对位置固定，第二转子固定环343与第二转子部33的相对位置固定，同步器3442由驱动部3441驱动滑动，切换机构34处于洗涤状态时，同步器3442在驱动部3441的驱动下分别与定子固定环341和第二转子固定环343配合，切换机构34处于脱水状态时，同步器3442在驱动部3441的驱动下分别与第一转子固定环342和第二转子固定环343配合。
具体地，如图2和图5所示，切换机构34主要由定子固定环341、第一转子固定环342、第二转子固定环343、驱动部3441和同步器3442组成。定子固定环341大致形成为圆环形结构，定子固定环341与定子31的相对位置固定，即定子固定环341与定子31之间同步不运动，第一转子固定环342与第一转子部32的相对位置固定，第一转子固定环342与第一转子部32可以同步运动，也可以同步不运动；第二转子固定环343与第二转子部33的相对位置固定，也就是说，第二转子固定环343与第二转子部33可以同步运动，也可同步不运动，同步器3442邻近定子固定环341、第一转子固定环342、第二转子固定环343设置，并且可以通过驱动部3441驱动沿轴向方向(如图1和图4所示上下方向)移动，从而实现电机300的不同状态之间的切换，进而实现洗衣机S的变极变压运行。
当切换机构34处于洗涤状态(如图2所示位置)时，同步器3442在驱动部3441驱动 下，一侧与定子固定环341配合，另一侧与第二转子固定环343配合，从而使得定子31和第二转子部33的相对位置固定(即同步不运动)，此时，第一转子部32形成为相对定子31旋转的转子并可以带动波轮400旋转，从而使得电机300的等效极对数较高，进而实现洗衣机S的大转矩低速高效运行状态。当切换机构34处于脱水状态(如图3所示位置)时，同步器3442在驱动部3441驱动下，一侧与第一转子固定环342配合，另一侧与第二转子固定环343配合，从而使得第一转子部32和第二转子部33的相对位置固定(即可以同步运动或者同步不运动)，此时，第一转子部32和第二转子部33形成为相对定子31旋转的转子并可以带动波轮400和内桶200同步旋转，从而使得电机300的等效极对数较低，进而实现洗衣机S的小转矩高速高效运行状态。
可选地，驱动部3441为通过电磁感应驱动同步器3442滑动的控制线圈。通过将驱动部3441设为可以通过电磁感应控制同步器3442滑动的控制线圈，从而可以简化电机300内部的布线，使得电机300整体结构更加简单。
可选地，同步器3442、定子固定环341、第一转子固定环342和第二转子固定环343上分别设有卡齿，切换机构34处于洗涤状态时，同步器3442上的卡齿分别与定子固定环341上的卡齿和第二转子固定环343上的卡齿啮合，切换机构34处于脱水状态时，同步器3442上的卡齿分别与第一转子固定环342上的卡齿和第二转子固定环343上的卡齿啮合。
如图2和图5所示，同步器3442大致形成为圆筒形结构，圆筒形结构的同步器3442的内壁和外壁上分别设有卡齿，第一转子固定环342的内壁上设有卡齿，第二转子固定环343的内壁上设有卡齿，同步器3442外壁上的卡齿能够与第一转子固定环342和第二转子固定环343的内壁上的卡齿啮合配合，同步器3442内壁上的卡齿能够与定子固定环341外壁上的卡齿配合，从而利用卡齿间的配合作用，增强同步器3442与定子固定环341、第一转子固定环342和第二转子固定环343之间的连接可靠性，保证电机300的正常运转。
其中，同步器3442上的卡齿分布在同步器3442的外周面和内周面上，定子固定环341上的卡齿分布在定子固定环341的外周面上，第一转子固定环342上的卡齿分布在第一转子固定环342的内周面上，第二转子固定环343上的卡齿分布在第二转子固定环343的内周面上。
具体地，同步器3442的内周面和外周面上分别设有卡齿，第一转子固定环342的内周面上设有卡齿，第二转子固定环343的内周面上设有卡齿，同步器3442外周面上的卡齿能够与第一转子固定环342和第二转子固定环343的内周面上的卡齿啮合配合，同步器3442内周面上的卡齿能够与定子固定环341外周面上的卡齿配合，从而利用卡齿间的配合作用，增强同步器3442与定子固定环341、第一转子固定环342和第二转子固定环343之间的连接可靠性，保证电机300的正常运转。
当切换机构34处于洗涤状态(如图2所示位置)时，同步器3442外周面上的卡齿与第二转子固定环343内周面上的卡齿啮合，同步器3442内周面上的卡齿与定子固定环341外周面上的卡齿啮合，从而保证定子31与第二转子部33的传动连接，定子31与第二转子部33同步不转动；当切换机构34处于脱水状态(如图5所示位置)时，同步器3442外周面上的卡齿同时与第一转子固定环342和第二转子固定环343内周面上的卡齿啮合，从而保证第一转子部32与第二转子部33的传动连接，第一转子部32与第二转子部33可以同步运动或同步不运动。
此外，电机300还包括定子机壳351、外转子机壳352和内转子机壳353，定子机壳351安装在外桶100上，定子31与定子机壳351传动连接，定子31、第一转子部32和第二转子部33均设在外转子机壳352内，第一转子部32与外转子机壳352传动连接且外转子机壳352通过第一转轴37与内桶200传动连接，内转子机壳353设在外转子机壳352内且与第二转子部33传动连接，内转子机壳353通过第二转轴38与内桶200传动连接。定子固定环341与定子机壳351传动连接，第一转子固定环342与外转子机壳352传动连接，第二转子固定环343与第二转子部33传动连接。
具体地，如图2所示，外转子机壳352大致形成为一端(如下端)敞开的圆筒状结构且与外桶100固定连接，第一转子部32、第二转子部33和定子31沿外转子机壳352的径向方向由外向内依次间隔开设在外转子机壳352内且同轴设置，从而通过外转子机壳352对电机300内部元件进行保护，避免意外损伤。
同时，定子31与定子机壳351之间、第一转子部32和与之相连的波轮400与外转子机壳352之间、第二转子部33与内转子机壳353之间、定子固定环341与定子机壳351传动之间、第一转子固定环342与外转子机壳352之间以及第二转子固定环343与第二转子部33和内转子机壳353之间均采用传动连接，也就是说，定子31与定子机壳351之间、第一转子部32和与之相连的波轮400与外转子机壳352之间、第二转子部33与内转子机壳353之间、定子固定环341与定子机壳351传动之间、第一转子固定环342与外转子机壳352之间以及第二转子固定环343与第二转子部33和内转子机壳353分别同步运动或同步不运动，例如，在本实施例中，定子31与定子机壳351之间无相对运动，定子机壳351处于固定状态，则定子31也处于固定状态。
有利地，为了进一步节省空间且不影响对波轮400和内桶200的驱动，第二转轴38为空心轴，第一转轴37为设在第二转轴38内且与第二转轴38间隔开的实心轴。
其中，内转子机壳353与第二转轴38之间通过轴承361配合，第一转轴37与第二转轴38之间通过含油轴承362配合。
具体地，如图2所示，内转子机壳353的内周面与轴承361外周面配合，第二转轴38 的外周面与轴承361的内周面配合。第二转轴38的内周面与含油轴承362外周面配合，第一转轴37的外周面与含油轴承362的内周面配合。
其中，定子31包括定子导磁铁芯311和定子绕组312，定子绕组312绕制在定子导磁铁芯311上。
参照图1和图2，定子31主要由定子导磁铁芯311和定子绕组312组成，定子导磁铁芯311由高导磁材料构成，高导磁材料可以是硅钢片、钴钢片、坡莫合金、SMC等材料。定子绕组312绕制在定子导磁铁芯311上，定子绕组312可以是集中绕组，也可以是分布绕组，也就是说定子绕组312的跨距可以是1或者其他整数，同时，定子绕组312的相数可以单相或多相，从而使得定子绕组312通过AC电流，产生磁场。值得说明的是，定子导磁铁芯311的具体材料、定子绕组312绕组形式，以及定子绕组312的相数可以根据实际的设计需求做出适应性的选择，以保证电机300的转矩和功率密度。
其中，第一转子部32包括转子导磁铁芯321和永磁体322，永磁体322设在转子导磁铁芯321上。
具体地，如图1所示，第一转子部32主要由转子导磁铁芯321和永磁体322组成，永磁体322设在转子导磁铁芯321上且沿转子导磁铁芯321的周向方向均匀布置。转子导磁铁芯321由高导磁材料构成，高导磁材料可以是硅钢片、钴钢片、坡莫合金、SMC等材料。永磁体322主要由永磁材料构成，永磁材料可以是钕铁硼、铁氧体、铝镍钴、钐钴等材料。永磁体322可以通过表面贴装(SPM)、内置式(IPM)、表面嵌装(Inset PM)等方式实现与转子导磁铁芯321的结合，例如，在本发明的一个示例中，永磁体322以相邻永磁体322极性相同的方式嵌入转子导磁铁芯321，从而保证第一转子部32的结构稳定，进而产生励磁磁场。
可选地，永磁体322大致形成为长条状结构，多个长条状的永磁体322以相邻永磁体322极性相同的方式沿周向方向间隔开嵌入转子导磁铁芯321,且长条状的永磁体322的短边沿径向方向布置(如图3和图6所示)。当然，永磁体322的形状也可以是弧形状，多个弧形结构的永磁体322以相邻永磁体322极性相同的方式沿周向方向间隔开嵌入转子导磁铁芯321,且弧形状的永磁体322的弧形边沿周向方向布置。值得说明的是，本领域技术人员可以根据实际设计需求改变永磁体322的数量、形状以及布置方式，以调整等效转子极对数和工作电频率，使得在输出机械转速相同时，可以通过切换电机300的不同运行状态(如洗涤状态和脱水状态)实现洗衣机S的变极变压运行。
其中，第二转子部33包括多个导磁铁芯331和多个非导磁间隔块332，多个导磁铁芯331和多个非导磁间隔块332沿电机300的周向交替排列。
参照图3，第二转子部33主要由多个导磁铁芯331和多个非导磁间隔块332组成，多个 导磁铁芯331和多个非导磁间隔块332沿电机300的周向交替间隔布置，导磁铁芯331由高导磁材料构成，高导磁材料可以是硅钢片、钴钢片、坡莫合金、SMC等材料。非导磁间隔块332由非导磁材料构成，非导磁材料可以是空气、塑料、高分子聚合物、非导磁金属等材料。
进一步地，定子31产生的旋转磁场的极对数为ps，第一转子部32产生的励磁磁场的极对数为pf，导磁铁芯331的数量为pr，其中，pr＝|ps±pf|。
具体地，定子31通过交流电流驱动，并产生极对数为ps的旋转磁场，第一转子部32产生极对数为pf的励磁磁场，导磁铁芯331的数量为pr，同时，导磁铁芯331的数量等于旋转磁场的极对数和励磁磁场的极对数之和或者二者之差，从而保证电机300在不同运行状态下能够正常运行。
可选地，定子31、第二转子部33和第一转子部32沿电机的径向由外至内依次间隔开设置。也就是说，第二转子部33位于定子31的内侧且位于第一转子部32的外侧，三者之间间隔开设置，从而避免任意两者之间相对旋转时产生干涉，进而影响洗衣机S的正常工作。
在本发明的另一些具体实施方式中，第一转子部32与内桶200传动连接，第二转子部33与波轮400传动连接。
参照图7和图10，在本发明一实施例中，该洗衣机S为波轮洗衣机且包括：内桶200；外桶100，套设于内桶200外侧；波轮400，设于内桶200的桶底；以及电机300，与外桶100相对固定，并包括定子31、第二转子部33、第一转子部32、第一转轴37、第二转轴38、切换机构34，其中：
第二转子部33与第一转轴37的下端固定，第一转子部32与第二转轴38的下端固定；第一转轴37的上端依次活动穿设于外桶100桶底和内桶200桶底，且供波轮400固定安装；第二转轴38为活动套设于第一转轴37***的空心轴，且上端活动穿设于外桶100桶底，并与内桶200桶底固定。
进一步地，切换机构34包括制动组件345和同步切换组件346，制动组件345用以在洗涤模式下，限制第二转轴38转动；同步切换组件346用以在脱水模式下，使第二转子部33和第一转子部32的转动同步。
本实施例中，洗衣机S电机300优选固定安装在外桶100的桶底外壁；然本设计不限于此，于其他实施例中，电机300也可与洗衣机S的底座固定，只要电机300与外桶100相对固定即可。本实施例中，第一转轴37优选为实心轴，以使得第一转轴37具有更好的刚性。第二转轴38为空心轴，且第二转轴38的内壁面与第一转轴37的外壁面之间优选具有间隔，以避免两者间的相互接触摩擦影响洗衣机的***效率。
本实施例中，在洗涤模式下，由于第二转轴38在制动组件345的作用下转动受到限制，内桶200不会转动，此时，同步切换组件346脱离两个转子，仅第一转轴37驱动波轮400 转动，而对内桶200内的衣物进行洗涤。而在脱水模式下，制动组件345会解除对第二转轴38的限制，且同步切换组件346会使第二转子部33和第一转子部32的转动同步，从而通过第一转轴37和第二转轴38带动波轮400和内桶200同速同向转动，此时，是由第二转子部33和第一转子部32共同驱动的，驱动转矩大，能实现内桶200和波轮400的高速转动，而使衣物脱水。
本发明的技术方案通过第二转子部33、第一转子部32与制动组件345、同步切换组件346的配合，实现了电机300双转子的状态可变，于洗涤模式下，仅通过其中一个转子驱动波轮400转动，实现对衣物的洗涤，而于脱水模式下，通过双转子共同驱动内桶200和波轮400同向高速转动，实现对衣物的脱水，相较于现有的驱动电机300，可节省行星齿轮减速装置，从而提高该洗衣机S的***效率，以及减少该洗衣机S的噪音。另外，本设计中的电机300结构更紧凑，整体体积更小，能在洗涤衣物重量不变的前提下，缩小洗衣机S的整体体积。
一并参照图9和图12，在本实施例中，进一步地，定子31、第二转子部33和第一转子部32呈由外向内逐渐缩小的同心环布设，如此，可便于转子与驱动轴的连接，而使得电机300的整体结构更为简单；当然，本实施例中，第二转子部33与定子31、第一转子部32之间都保持相互的旋转独立性而相互不干涉。优选地，第二转子部33与第一转轴37的下端固定，第一转子部32与第二转轴38的下端固定，即是说，第二转子部33驱动波轮400转动，第一转子部32驱动内桶200转动，由于第二转子部33的半径大于第一转子部32的半径，第二转子部33的负载能力较高，动力更足，以满足通过波轮400对内桶200内衣物进行洗涤的高动力需求。
在本实施例中，进一步地，定子31包括定子导磁铁芯311和绕设在定子导磁铁芯311上的定子绕组312，其中，定子导磁铁芯311由高导磁材料制成，定子绕组312为三相对称集中绕组；然本设计不限于此，于其他实施例中，定子绕组312还可以是单相的，也可以是分布绕组。进一步地，第二转子部33包括多个导磁铁芯331和多个非导磁间隔块332，其中，多个导磁铁芯331与多个非导磁间隔块332依次交替排布，而形成凸极转子，导磁铁芯331由高导磁材料制成，非导磁间隔块332由非导磁材料制成。另外，第一转子部32优选包括转子导磁铁芯321和嵌设在转子导磁铁芯321内的多个永磁体322，其中，转子导磁铁芯321由高导磁材料制成，多个永磁体322在转子导磁铁芯321内呈径向向外发散设置，且任意相邻的两个永磁体322同极性相对布设。然本设计不限于此，于其他实施例中，第二转子部33和第一转子部32还可以为其他结构的转子，只要能分别实现对第一转轴37和第二转轴38的转动即可。
在本实施例中，进一步地，定子31的极对数为ps，第二转子部33的极对数为pr，第 一转子部32的极对数为pf，其中，ps、pr、pf之间的关系优选满足公式：pr＝|ps±pf|；如此，可以使得电机300在洗涤模式下通过大的工作极对数(本实施例中为pr)，实现大转矩低速高效率运行，在脱水模式下通过较低的工作极对数(本实施例中为ps)，实现高速高效率运行，从而使得该洗衣机S在不同的模式下均能实现高能效运行。不失一般性，本实施例中，定子绕组312的跨距为1，当通入三相对称的交流电时，定子31可形成极对数ps等于4的旋转磁场；导磁铁芯331的数量为7，即第二转子部33的极对数pr等于7；永磁体322共有6个，而形成3对，所产生永磁磁场的极对数pf等于3，此时，显然有pr＝ps+pf。
一并参照图8和图11，在本实施例中，制动组件345优选包括环设于第二转轴38***的抱夹3451、以及与抱夹3451驱动连接的制动驱动件(未图示)，于洗涤模式下，制动驱动件驱动抱夹3451抱紧第二转轴38，以限制第二转轴38转动，而于脱水模式下，制动驱动件将驱动抱夹3451松开第二转轴38，以解除对第二转轴38的转动限制。
进一步地，同步切换组件346包括位于第二转子部33和第一转子部32的轴向一侧的同步环状体3461、以及驱动同步环状体3461沿轴向方向移动的同步驱动件(未图示)，同步环状体3461与第二转子部33之间设有第一同步结构3462，与第一转子部32之间设有第二同步结构3465。本实施例中，该同步切换组件346优选位于第二转子部33和第一转子部32的轴向上侧，以利于同步切换组件346在电机300内的隐藏设置。同步驱动件的驱动方式可以是电磁式的，也可以是机械式的，本发明对此不作限制。本实施例中，于洗涤模式下，同步驱动件驱动同步环状体3461向上移动而脱离第二转子部33和第一转子部32，而使得第一同步结构3462和第二同步结构3465无法起到同步的作用，此时，仅第二转轴38的转动受限，第一转轴37可在第二转子部33的带动下转动。而于脱水模式下，同步驱动件驱动同步环状体3461向下移动而连接第二转子部33和第一转子部32，而使得第一同步结构3462和第二同步结构3465起到同步的作用，而使第二转子部33和第一转子部32的转动同步。
本实施例中，第一同步结构3462优选包括自第二转子部33朝向同步环状体3461凸设的第一齿条环3463、以及同步环状体3461上对应第一齿条环3463设置的第一齿槽环3464，如此，通过第一齿条环3463与第一齿槽环3464的适配啮合，可使得同步环状体3461与第二转子部33同步转动。第二同步结构3465优选包括自第一转子部32朝向同步环状体3461凸设的第二齿条环3467、以及同步环状体3461上对应第二齿条环3467设置的第二齿槽环3468，如此，通过第二齿条环3467与第二齿槽环3468的适配啮合，可使得同步环状体3461与第一转子部32也同步转动。可以理解，此时，第二转子部33、同步环状体3461和第一转子部32是同步转动的，也就实现了第二转子部33和第一转子部32的转动同步。然本设计不限于此，于其他实施例中，第一同步结构3462和第二同步结构3465还可但不限于为类键槽配合结构，只要能实现第二转子部33和第一转子部32的转动同步即可。
由此，通过第二转子部33、第一转子部32与制动组件345、同步切换组件346的配合，实现了电机300双转子的状态可变，于洗涤模式下，仅通过其中一个转子驱动波轮400转动，实现对衣物的洗涤，而于脱水模式下，通过双转子共同驱动内桶200和波轮400同向高速转动，实现对衣物的脱水，相较于现有的驱动电机，可节省行星齿轮减速装置，从而提高该洗衣机S的***效率，以及减少该洗衣机S的噪音。
下面参考图1-图12通过多个具体实施例对根据本发明实施例的波轮洗衣机S进行详细描述。
如图1至图6所示，本发明实施例中波轮洗衣机S主要结构包括外桶100，内桶200，波轮400，以及用于驱动的变极变压电机300等主要部件，其中洗衣机S外桶的100固定在洗衣机S的箱体上。变极变压电机300包含定子31、第一转子部32、第二转子部33、切换机构34等主要部件。详细的，电机300的定子31包含高导磁材料构成的定子导磁铁芯311，绕制在其上的定子绕组312，定子机壳351构成，其中定子机壳351通过螺栓固定在洗衣机S外桶100上。在本实施例中，定子绕组312为三相对称绕组，线圈跨距为1，通以三相对称电流后产生极对数ps＝4的旋转磁场。第一转子部32包含高导磁材料构成的转子导磁铁芯321，以及内置式排布的永磁体322，永磁体322以相邻永磁体322极性相同的方式沿周向排布，产生极对数pf＝16的永磁磁场，第二转子部33包含高导磁材料构成的导磁铁芯331和非导磁间隔块332构成，导磁铁芯331的块数pr＝20。第一转子部32通过第一转轴37带动波轮400旋转。切换机构34包含驱动线圈，定子固定环341，第二转子固定环343，第一转子固定环342，同步器3442等主要部件构成。同步器3442为径向内侧和外侧都有齿的齿圈，第二转子固定环343和第一转子固定环342为径向内侧有齿的齿圈，定子固定环341为径向外侧有齿的齿圈。
波轮洗衣机S在洗涤状态下，驱动线圈驱动同步器3442运动到图1和图2所示的位置，使定子固定环341和第二转子固定环343啮合，从而使得第二转子部33和定子31保持固定的相对位置充、并充当变极变压电机30的定子，在此状态下，第一转子部32作为电机300的唯一旋转部件驱动洗衣机S的波轮400低速大转矩洗涤运行，此时，电机300的等效运行极对数为pr＝16，在120rpm洗涤转速下的工作电频率为35Hz。波轮洗衣机S在脱水运行状态下，驱动线圈驱动同步器3442运行到图4和图5所示的位置，使第二转子固定环343和第一转子固定环342啮合，在此状态下，定子31为固定部件，第二转子部33和第一转子部32被锁定保持相对固定的位置以作为变极变压电机30的转子，一起驱动波轮400和内桶200高速脱水运行，此时，电机300的等效运行极对数ps＝4，在800rpm脱水转速下的工作电频率为53.8Hz。脱水和洗涤的桶速之比为6.66，但脱水和洗涤时电机300的工作电频率之比仅为1.68，保证了两种状态下电机300均工作在高效率区间，洗衣机S整机能耗大幅度下 降。
如图7至图12，在本实施例中，该洗衣机S包括内桶200、外桶100、波轮400以及电机300，外桶100套设于内桶200外侧，波轮400设于内桶200的桶底电机300与外桶100相对固定，电机300包括定子31、第二转子部33、第一转子部32、第一转轴37、第二转轴38、切换机构34。其中：第二转子部33与第一转轴37的下端固定，第一转子部32与第二转轴38的下端固定；第一转轴37的上端依次活动穿设于外桶100桶底和内桶200桶底，且供波轮400固定安装；第二转轴38为活动套设于第一转轴37***的空心轴，且上端活动穿设于外桶100桶底，并与内桶200桶底固定。进一步地，切换机构34包括制动组件345和同步切换组件346，制动组件345用以在洗涤模式下，限制第二转轴38转动；同步切换组件346用以在脱水模式下，使第二转子部33和第一转子部32的转动同步。
波轮洗衣机S在洗涤模式下，制动组件345和同步切换组件346分别运动到图7和图8所示的位置，由于第二转轴38在制动组件345的作用下转动受到限制，内桶200不会转动，此时，同步切换组件346脱离两个转子，仅第一转轴37驱动波轮400转动，而对内桶200内的衣物进行洗涤。而在脱水模式下，制动组件345和同步切换组件346分别运动到图10和图11所示的位置，制动组件345会解除对第二转轴38的限制，且同步切换组件346会使第二转子部33和第一转子部32的转动同步，从而通过第一转轴37和第二转轴38带动波轮400和内桶200同速同向转动，此时，是由第二转子部33和第一转子部32共同驱动的，驱动转矩大，能实现内桶200和波轮400的高速转动，而使衣物脱水。本发明的技术方案通过第二转子部33、第一转子部32与制动组件345、同步切换组件346的配合，实现了电机300双转子的状态可变，于洗涤模式下，仅通过其中一个转子驱动波轮400转动，实现对衣物的洗涤，而于脱水模式下，通过双转子共同驱动内桶200和波轮400同向高速转动，实现对衣物的脱水，相较于现有的驱动电机300，可节省行星齿轮减速装置，从而提高该洗衣机S的***效率，以及减少该洗衣机S的噪音。另外，本设计中的电机300结构更紧凑，整体体积更小，能在洗涤衣物重量不变的前提下，缩小洗衣机S的整体体积。
根据本发明实施例的洗衣机S，采用了与现有永磁电机完全不同的工作原理，在相同的体积下转矩密度有极大提升，因而可以实现高转矩直接驱动而无需使用行星齿轮减速增矩。并且，通过定子31以及第一转子部32、第二转子部33极数的选择，可以使得电机300在所述洗涤状态下通过大的工作极数实现大转矩低速高效率运行，在所述脱水状态下通过较低的工作极对数率实现高速高效率运行，因此洗衣机300在不同的状态下均实现高能效运行。此外，由于采用了新原理电机作为动力源，使得所述动力结构整体体积小、结构紧凑，能够在在洗涤衣物重量不变的前提下，缩小洗衣机S整机的体积，而由于取消了齿轮减速结构，所述动力***效率明显提升，并且噪音明显下降。
根据本发明实施例的洗衣机S的其他构成以及操作对于本领域普通技术人员而言都是已知的，这里不再详细描述。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例进行接合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种洗衣机，其特征在于，包括：
    外桶；
    内桶，所述内桶可旋转地设在所述外桶内；
    波轮，所述波轮可旋地地设在所述内桶内；
    电机，所述电机包括分别可相对旋转的定子、第一转子部、第二转子部以及在洗涤状态和脱水状态之间可切换的切换机构，所述定子安装在所述外桶上且与所述外桶的相对位置固定，所述第一转子部和所述第二转子部中的一个与所述内桶传动连接，所述第一转子部和所述第二转子部中的另一个与所述波轮传动连接，
    所述切换机构处于所述洗涤状态时，固定所述定子与所述第一转子部和所述第二转子部中的一个的相对位置，所述第一转子部和所述第二转子部中的另一个充当用于驱动所述波轮旋转的转子，
    所述切换机构处于所述脱水状态时，固定所述第一转子部与所述第二转子部的相对位置，所述第一转子部和所述第二转子部充当用于驱动所述内桶和所述波轮同步旋转的转子。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述定子、所述第二转子部和所述第一转子部沿所述电机的径向由外至内依次间隔设置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述第一转子部、所述第二转子部和所述定子沿所述电机的径向由外至内依次间隔设置。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，还包括：
    第一转轴，所述第一转轴的上端依次活动穿设于所述外桶桶底和所述内桶桶底，且供所述波轮固定安装，所述第二转子部和第一转子部的其中一者与所述第一转轴的下端固定，另一者与所述第二转轴的下端固定；
    第二转轴，所述第二转轴为活动套设于所述第一转轴***的空心轴，且上端活动穿设于所述外桶桶底，并与所述内桶桶底固定。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述第一转子部与所述波轮传动连接，所述第二转子部与所述内桶传动连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述切换机构包括：
    定子固定环，所述定子固定环与所述定子的相对位置固定；
    第一转子固定环，所述第一转子固定环与所述第一转子部的相对位置固定；
    第二转子固定环，所述第二转子固定环与所述第二转子部的相对位置固定；
    驱动部和同步器，所述同步器由所述驱动部驱动滑动，
    所述切换机构处于所述洗涤状态时，所述同步器在所述驱动部的驱动下分别与所述定子固定环和所述第二转子固定环配合，
    所述切换机构处于所述脱水状态时，所述同步器在所述驱动部的驱动下分别与所述第一转子固定环和所述第二转子固定环配合。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述驱动部为通过电磁感应驱动所述同步器滑动的控制线圈。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述同步器、所述定子固定环、所述第一转子固定环和所述第二转子固定环上分别设有卡齿，
    所述切换机构处于所述洗涤状态时，所述同步器上的卡齿分别与所述定子固定环上的卡齿和所述第二转子固定环上的卡齿啮合，
    所述切换机构处于所述脱水状态时，所述同步器上的卡齿分别与所述第一转子固定环上的卡齿和所述第二转子固定环上的卡齿啮合。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述同步器上的卡齿分布在所述同步器的外周面和内周面上，所述定子固定环上的卡齿分布在所述定子固定环的外周面上，所述第一转子固定环上的卡齿分布在所述第一转子固定环的内周面上，所述第二转子固定环上的卡齿分布在所述第二转子固定环的内周面上。
  10. 根据权利要求6-9中任一项所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述电机还包括：
    定子机壳，所述定子机壳安装在所述外桶上，所述定子与所述定子机壳传动连接；
    外转子机壳，所述定子、所述第一转子部和所述第二转子部均设在所述外转子机壳内，所述第一转子部与所述外转子机壳传动连接且所述外转子机壳通过第一转轴与所述波轮传动连接；
    内转子机壳，所述内转子机壳设在所述外转子机壳内，所述内转子机壳与所述第二转子部传动连接且所述内转子机壳通过第二转轴与所述内桶传动连接；
    所述定子固定环与所述定子机壳传动连接，所述第一转子固定环与所述外转子机壳传动连接，所述第二转子固定环与所述第二转子部传动连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述定子机壳与所述第二转轴之间通过轴承配合。
  12. 根据权利要求4或10所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述第二转轴为空心轴，所述第一转轴为设在所述第二转轴内且与所述第二转轴间隔开的实心轴。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述第一转轴与所述第二转轴之间通过含油轴承配合。
  14. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述第一转子部与所述内 桶传动连接，所述第二转子部与所述波轮传动连接。
  15. 根据权利要求4所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述切换机构包括：
    制动组件，所述制动组件用以在洗涤模式下，限制所述第二转轴转动；
    同步切换组件，所述同步切换组件用以在脱水模式下，使所述第二转子部和所述第一转子部的转动同步。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述制动组件包括环设于所述第二转轴***的抱夹、以及与所述抱夹驱动连接的制动驱动件，于洗涤模式下，所述制动驱动件驱动所述抱夹抱紧所述第二转轴，以限制所述第二转轴转动。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述同步切换组件包括位于所述第二转子部和第一转子部的轴向一侧的同步环状体、以及驱动所述同步环状体沿轴向方向移动的同步驱动件，所述同步环状体与所述第二转子部之间设有第一同步结构，与所述第一转子部之间设有第二同步结构。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述第一同步结构包括自所述第二转子部朝向所述同步环状体凸设的第一齿条环、以及所述同步环状体上对应所述第一齿条环设置的第一齿槽环；所述第二同步结构包括自所述第一转子部朝向所述同步环状体凸设的第二齿条环、以及所述同步环状体上对应所述第二齿条环设置的第二齿槽环。
  19. 根据权利要求1-18中任一项所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述定子包括：
    定子导磁铁芯；
    定子绕组，所述定子绕组绕制在所述定子导磁铁芯上。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述第一转子部包括：
    转子导磁铁芯；
    永磁体，所述永磁体设在所述转子导磁铁芯上。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述第二转子部包括：
    多个导磁铁芯；
    多个非导磁间隔块，多个所述导磁铁芯和多个所述非导磁间隔块沿所述电机的周向交替排列。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的洗衣机，其特征在于，所述定子产生的旋转磁场的极对数为ps，所述第一转子部产生的永磁磁场的极对数为pf，所述导磁铁芯的数量为pr，其中，pr＝|ps±pf|。
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CN201610942842.8 2016-10-31
CN201621166260.7U CN206219842U (zh) 2016-10-31 2016-10-31 洗衣机
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JP2006043153A (ja) * 2004-08-04 2006-02-16 Nidec Shibaura Corp 洗濯機
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CN104141212A (zh) * 2013-05-10 2014-11-12 海尔集团公司 全自动洗衣机
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JP2006043153A (ja) * 2004-08-04 2006-02-16 Nidec Shibaura Corp 洗濯機
CN1928196A (zh) * 2005-09-08 2007-03-14 松下电器产业株式会社 滚筒式洗衣机
CN104141212A (zh) * 2013-05-10 2014-11-12 海尔集团公司 全自动洗衣机
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