WO2018040538A1 - 一种提升发动机低速扭矩的进排气结构及控制策略 - Google Patents

一种提升发动机低速扭矩的进排气结构及控制策略 Download PDF

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WO2018040538A1
WO2018040538A1 PCT/CN2017/076802 CN2017076802W WO2018040538A1 WO 2018040538 A1 WO2018040538 A1 WO 2018040538A1 CN 2017076802 W CN2017076802 W CN 2017076802W WO 2018040538 A1 WO2018040538 A1 WO 2018040538A1
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Prior art keywords
turbine
engine
intake
compressor
exhaust
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PCT/CN2017/076802
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李志杰
刘俊龙
田红霞
韩峰
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潍柴动力股份有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201610769701.0A external-priority patent/CN106121807A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201610791695.9A external-priority patent/CN106337728A/zh
Application filed by 潍柴动力股份有限公司 filed Critical 潍柴动力股份有限公司
Publication of WO2018040538A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018040538A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/16—Control of the pumps by bypassing charging air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/18—Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of engines, and in particular to an intake and exhaust structure and a control strategy for improving low-speed torque of an engine.
  • a supercharger is a device that pre-compresses air before entering the cylinder and then enters the cylinder to increase air density and increase intake air.
  • the supercharger is mainly composed of a turbine and a compressor, and the turbine uses the exhaust gas energy discharged from the engine to drive the coaxial compressor to perform work, and the compressor drives the air to pressurize the air.
  • the engine's low-speed torque is often limited by the amount of intake air at low speeds.
  • the fuel consumption in the common speed zone is increased, the high-speed fuel consumption in the large turbine is good, but the low-speed torque is poor; the variable-section supercharger is faced with the problem of more cost increase.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to reduce the fuel consumption in the speed zone under smaller turbine matching conditions or to obtain a larger low speed torque under larger turbine matching conditions.
  • the present invention provides an intake and exhaust structure for raising a low-speed torque of an engine, which includes a compressor, a turbine, and a communication line, the compressor being coaxially disposed with a turbine, and an exhaust pipe of the compressor
  • the road is connected to the intake line of the turbine through the communication line, and the communication line is provided with an electric control valve, and the electric control valve is connected to the ECU of the engine.
  • the communication line may be a separate pipeline independent of the supercharger or may be The integrated piping of the supercharger is integrated to form a supercharger with a connecting line.
  • an exhaust line of the compressor is connected to an intake line of the cylinder, and an exhaust line of the cylinder is connected to an intake line of the turbine.
  • the turbine may include a turbine casing, the compressor including a compressor casing, the turbine casing being provided with a turbine inlet and a turbine exhaust, the compressor casing being provided with a compressor inlet and a compressor exhaust port for connecting to an engine, one end of the communication line is connected to the compressor casing near the compressor exhaust port, and the other end is connected to the turbine
  • the casing is connected adjacent to the turbine inlet.
  • the electric control valve can be an opening valve or an on-off valve.
  • the present invention also provides a control strategy for raising a low speed torque of an engine, the control strategy being provided in an ECU of an engine, using an intake and exhaust structure for raising a low speed torque of an engine as described in the above technical solution, wherein the electric control valve Connected to the ECU, the ECU of the engine determines whether the electric control valve is open or increases or decreases the opening according to the excess air ratio and the engine operating conditions.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the invention provides an engine intake and exhaust structure for improving low-speed torque of an engine.
  • an exhaust line of a compressor and a intake line of a turbine are connected through a communication line, the communication pipe
  • An electric control valve is arranged on the road, and the electric control valve is connected with the ECU of the engine; by controlling the opening degree of the electric control valve, the intake air amount of the engine is increased, thereby reducing the fuel consumption of the rotating speed zone under a small turbine matching condition or being larger Larger low speed torque is obtained under turbine matching conditions.
  • the invention provides a control strategy for improving the low-speed torque of the engine.
  • the opening degree of the electric control valve is flexibly controlled according to the excess air coefficient, which solves the above problem well and realizes the fuel consumption of the medium and high speed. Low speed and high torque.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram of an engine intake and exhaust structure for improving engine low speed torque according to the present invention. Schematic diagram of the relationship;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a supercharger according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the orientation or positional relationship of the terms “front”, “rear”, etc. is artificially defined.
  • the gas entering the compressor first is the compressor.
  • the pipeline that enters the compressor after the gas is the exhaust pipeline of the compressor.
  • the pipeline that enters the turbine first is the intake pipeline of the turbine, and after entering the turbine, the exhaust gas enters the turbine.
  • the piping is the venting line of the turbine for the convenience of describing the present invention and the simplified description, and is not intended to imply or imply that the device or component referred to has a specific orientation, is constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as Limitations of the invention.
  • connection In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed or detachable, for example, unless otherwise explicitly defined and defined. Connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of the two components.
  • Connected, or integrally connected can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of the two components.
  • the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.
  • an intake and exhaust structure for improving low-speed torque of an engine provided by the present invention includes a compressor 1, a turbine 2 and a communication line 4, and the compressor 1 is coaxially arranged with the turbine 2, and fresh air is provided.
  • the compressor 1 After the compressor 1 is compressed, it enters the engine. After the work is done, the exhaust gas from the engine enters the turbine 2, and the turbine 2 is pushed to work, and the remaining exhaust gas is exhausted.
  • Out of the turbine 2, the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure is the gas flow direction, and the exhaust line of the compressor 1 and the intake line of the turbine 2 are connected through a communication line 4, and the communication line 4 is provided
  • An electric control valve 5 is connected to an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) of the engine. By controlling the opening degree of the electric control valve 5, fresh gas is directly introduced into the turbine 2 to increase the intake air amount of the engine, thereby realizing Lower turbine fuel consumption in smaller turbine matching conditions or greater low speed torque in larger turbine matching conditions.
  • ECU Electronic Control Unit
  • the turbine 2 includes a turbine casing 20 that includes a compressor casing 10 that is provided with a turbine inlet 21 and a turbine exhaust port 22,
  • the compressor casing 10 is provided with a compressor inlet 11 and a compressor outlet 12, the compressor inlet 11 is for introducing fresh air, and the compressor outlet 12 is for connecting with the engine, After the fresh air is compressed, it is discharged into the engine.
  • the exhaust gas discharged from the engine is discharged into the turbine 2 from the turbine inlet 21, the turbine 2 is pushed to work, and the remaining exhaust gas is discharged from the turbine exhaust port 22, and the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure is An intake or exhaust direction; one end of the communication line 4 is connected to the compressor casing 10 near the compressor exhaust port 12, and the other end thereof is adjacent to the turbine casing 20 to the turbine intake
  • the port 21 is connected, and the electric control valve 5 is disposed on the communication line 4.
  • the gas of the compressor exhaust port 12 can be directly introduced into the turbine inlet 21, which is beneficial to increase the low-speed intake pressure of the engine and reduce the pressure.
  • Smoke and temperature, to improve the engine Torque-purpose object can also be achieved hot EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) can be used to enhance the low load engine exhaust temperature.
  • the communication line 4 may be a separate pipeline independent of the supercharger or an integrated pipeline integrated with the supercharger, and after integration, a supercharger with a communication pipeline is formed.
  • the communication pipeline 4 includes a vertical pipeline and a horizontal pipeline, and the vertical pipeline is integrated with the compressor casing 10, and has an integrated design and a compact structure.
  • the engine arrangement is unaffected; and the compressor casing 10 is provided with an outlet branch 13 in communication with the vertical conduit, the turbine casing 20 being provided with the level
  • the inlet branch 23 is connected to the pipeline, thereby facilitating the connection of the communication line 3 to the compressor casing 10 and the turbine casing 20.
  • the structure further includes a cylinder 6, the exhaust line of the compressor 1 is connected to an intake line of the cylinder 6, and the exhaust line of the cylinder 6 is connected to an intake line of the turbine 2.
  • the communication line 4 is used to introduce a portion of the fresh air entering the cylinder 6 directly into the turbine 2 to increase the amount of intake air of the engine.
  • the structure may further be provided with an intercooler 3, the intercooler 3 is disposed on the exhaust line of the compressor 1, and the communication line 4 may be connected
  • the line between the intercooler 3 and the cylinder 6 can also be connected to the line between the compressor 1 and the intercooler 3; of course, the intercooler 3 can also be omitted depending on the specific requirements.
  • the electric control valve 5 is an opening valve or an on-off valve, and may also be an EGR valve without a one-way device or other inlet and exhaust connection valves, as long as two-way exhaust can be realized, for example, it can also enter the turbine.
  • the exhaust gas of 2 is introduced into the compressor 1 to raise the engine's low load exhaust gas temperature.
  • the cylinder 6 is provided with a plurality of cylinders. As shown in Fig. 1, six cylinders are provided. Of course, four or eight cylinders or the like may be provided as needed.
  • the present invention also provides a control strategy for raising the low speed torque of the engine, the control strategy being provided in an ECU of the engine, using the above-described intake and exhaust structure for raising the low speed torque of the engine, wherein the electronically controlled valve is connected to the ECU
  • the ECU of the engine judges whether the electric control valve is opened or increases or decreases the opening degree according to the excess air coefficient and the engine operating condition.
  • the excess air coefficient is the air mass actually supplied by burning 1 kg of fuel and theoretically required to completely burn 1 kg of fuel.
  • the air quality ratio is a general-purpose study of the combustible mixture component index. It is commonly used by the symbol ⁇ to increase the engine intake by controlling the opening of the electronically controlled valve, thereby reducing the fuel consumption in the speed zone under smaller turbine matching conditions. Larger low speed torque is obtained under larger turbine matching conditions.
  • the present invention is capable of reducing the matching conditions in smaller turbines. Low fuel consumption in the low speed zone or large low speed torque in the larger turbine matching conditions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

一种提升发动机低速扭矩的进排气结构，包括压气机（1）、涡轮机（2）及连通管路（4），压气机（1）的排气管路与涡轮机（2）的进气管路通过连通管路（4）连接，连通管路（4）上设有电控阀（5），电控阀（5）与发动机的ECU相连。通过该进排气结构能够在较小涡轮机匹配条件下降低转速区油耗或在较大涡轮机匹配条件下获取较大的低速扭矩。还公开了一种提升发动机低速扭矩的控制策略。

Description

一种提升发动机低速扭矩的进排气结构及控制策略 技术领域
本发明涉及发动机技术领域，特别是涉及一种提升发动机低速扭矩的进排气结构及控制策略。
背景技术
增压器是将空气在进入气缸前预先压缩，然后再进入气缸，以提高空气密度、增加进气量的装置。增压器主要由涡轮机和压气机等构成，涡轮机利用发动机排出的废气能量驱动同轴的压气机做功，压气机通过涡轮机带动对空气进行增压。
发动机低速扭矩的大小往往受限于低速条件下进气量的多少，所配增压器结构中涡轮机越小，低速进气量越大，有利于提升低速大扭矩，但是涡轮机变小会同时带来常用转速区油耗的升高，大涡轮中高速油耗较好但低速扭矩差的问题；采用可变截面增压器又面临成本增加较多的问题。
发明内容
(一)要解决的技术问题
本发明要解决的技术问题是如何在较小涡轮机匹配条件下降低转速区油耗或在较大涡轮机匹配条件下获取较大的低速扭矩。
(二)技术方案
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种提升发动机低速扭矩的进排气结构，其包括压气机、涡轮机及连通管路，所述压气机与涡轮机同轴设置，所述压气机的排气管路与所述涡轮机的进气管路通过所述连通管路连接，所述连通管路上设有电控阀，所述电控阀与发动机的ECU相连。
其中，所述连通管路可以是独立于增压器的独立管路也可以是与 增压器集成起来的集成管路，集成以后形成一种带连通管路的增压器。
其中，还包括气缸，所述压气机的排气管路与所述气缸的进气管路连接，所述气缸的排气管路与所述涡轮机的进气管路连接。
其中，所述涡轮机可以包括涡轮机壳，所述压气机包括压气机壳，所述涡轮机壳设有涡轮机进气口和涡轮机排气口，所述压气机壳设有压气机进气口和压气机排气口，所述压气机排气口用于与发动机连接，所述连通管路的一端与所述压气机壳靠近所述压气机排气口处相连，其另一端与所述涡轮机壳靠近所述涡轮机进气口处相连。
其中，所述电控阀可以为开度阀或通断阀。
本发明还提供一种提升发动机低速扭矩的控制策略，所述控制策略设于发动机的ECU中，利用如上述技术方案所述的提升发动机低速扭矩的进排气结构，其中，所述电控阀与ECU相连，由发动机的ECU根据过量空气系数及发动机运行工况判断电控阀是否打开或增大或减小开度。
(三)有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：
本发明提供的一种提升发动机低速扭矩的发动机进排气结构，在现有发动机结构的基础上，采用压气机的排气管路与涡轮机的进气管路通过连通管路连接，所述连通管路上设有电控阀，所述电控阀与发动机的ECU相连；通过控制电控阀的开度，增加发动机进气量，从而实现在较小涡轮机匹配条件下降低转速区油耗或在较大涡轮机匹配条件下获取较大的低速扭矩。
本发明提供的一种提升发动机低速扭矩的控制策略，通过在ECU中加入该控制策略，根据过量空气系数灵活控制电控阀的开度，很好的解决了上述问题，实现了中高速油耗与低速大扭矩的兼顾。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种提升发动机低速扭矩的发动机进排气结构的连 接关系示意图；
图2为本发明实施例一种增压器的具体结构示意图；
图中：1：压气机；10：压气机壳；11：压气机进气口；12：压气机排气口；13：出口分支；2：涡轮机；20：涡轮机壳；21：涡轮机进气口；22：涡轮机排气口；23：进口分支；3：中冷器；4：连通管路；5：电控阀；6：气缸。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“前”、“后”等指示的方位或位置关系为人为定义，根据进气的流向，气体先进入压气机的管路为压气机的进气管路，气体后进入压气机的管路为压气机的排气管路，同理，根据排气的流向，排气先进入涡轮机的管路为涡轮机的进气管路，排气后进入涡轮机的管路为涡轮机的排气管路，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
如图1所示，为本发明提供的一种提升发动机低速扭矩的进排气结构，包括压气机1、涡轮机2和连通管路4，所述压气机1与涡轮机2同轴设置，新鲜空气经压气机1压缩之后进入发动机，做功之后，发动机排出的废气进入涡轮机2，推动涡轮机2做功，剩余的废气排 出涡轮机2，图中箭头所指方向为气体流动方向，所述压气机1的排气管路与所述涡轮机2的进气管路通过连通管路4连接，所述连通管路4上设有电控阀5，所述电控阀5与发动机的ECU(电子控制单元)相连，通过控制电控阀5的开度，将新鲜气体直接引入涡轮机2，增加发动机进气量，从而实现了在较小涡轮机匹配条件下降低转速区油耗或在较大涡轮机匹配条件下获取较大的低速扭矩。
如图2所示，具体地，所述涡轮机2包括涡轮机壳20，所述压气机1包括压气机壳10，所述涡轮机壳20设有涡轮机进气口21和涡轮机排气口22，所述压气机壳10设有压气机进气口11和压气机排气口12，压气机进气口11用于通入新鲜空气，所述压气机排气口12用于与发动机连接，将新鲜空气压缩之后排入发动机，做功之后，发动机排出的废气从涡轮机进气口21排入涡轮机2内，推动涡轮机2做功，剩余的废气从涡轮机排气口22排出，图中箭头所指方向为进气或排气方向；所述连通管路4的一端与所述压气机壳10靠近所述压气机排气口12处相连，其另一端与所述涡轮机壳20靠近所述涡轮机进气口21处相连，电控阀5设置在连通管路4上，在适当的时候可以将压气机排气口12的气体直接引入涡轮机进气口21，有利于增加发动机的低速进气压力，降低烟度及排温，实现提升发动机低速扭矩的目的，还可以实现热EGR(废气再循环)的目的，可以用来提升发动机低负荷排气温度。
其中，所述连通管路4可以是独立于增压器的独立管路也可以是与增压器集成起来的集成管路，集成以后形成一种带连通管路的增压器。
优选地，为了方便管路布置，所述连通管路4包括竖向管路和水平管路，所述竖向管路与所述压气机壳10集成为一体，采用集成式设计，结构紧凑，发动机布置不受影响；且所述压气机壳10设有与所述竖向管路连通的出口分支13，所述涡轮机壳20设有与所述水平 管路连通的进口分支23，从而方便连通管路3与压气机壳10以及涡轮机壳20连接。
具体地，该结构还包括气缸6，所述压气机1的排气管路与所述气缸6的进气管路连接，所述气缸6的排气管路与所述涡轮机2的进气管路连接，连通管路4用于将进入气缸6前的部分新鲜空气直接引入涡轮机2，增加发动机进气量。
其中，为了增加进气量且降低排温，该结构还可以设有中冷器3，所述中冷器3设于所述压气机1的排气管路上，所述连通管路4可以连接在所述中冷器3与气缸6之间的管路上，也可以连接在压气机1与中冷器3之间的管路上；当然，根据具体要求，也可以不设有中冷器3。
其中，所述电控阀5为开度阀或通断阀，也可以为无单向装置的EGR阀或者其他进排气连接阀，只要能够实现双向排气即可，例如也可以将进入涡轮机2的废气引入压气机1，提升发动机低负荷排气温度。
其中，所述气缸6设有多个缸，如图1中所示，设有六个缸，当然，也可以根据需要，设置四个、八个缸等。
本发明还提供一种提升发动机低速扭矩的控制策略，所述控制策略设于发动机的ECU中，利用上述所述的提升发动机低速扭矩的进排气结构，其中，所述电控阀与ECU相连，由发动机的ECU根据过量空气系数及发动机运行工况判断电控阀是否打开或增大或减小开度，过量空气系数是燃烧1kg燃料实际供给的空气质量与理论上完全燃烧1kg燃料所需的空气质量之比，是通用的研究可燃混合气成分指标，常用符号λ表示，通过控制电控阀的开度，增加发动机进气量，从而实现在较小涡轮机匹配条件下降低转速区油耗或在较大涡轮机匹配条件下获取较大的低速扭矩。
由以上实施例可以看出，本发明能够在较小涡轮机匹配条件下降 低转速区油耗或在较大涡轮机匹配条件下获取较大的低速扭矩。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种提升发动机低速扭矩的进排气结构，其特征在于，包括压气机、涡轮机及连通管路，所述压气机与涡轮机同轴设置，所述压气机的排气管路与所述涡轮机的进气管路通过所述连通管路连接，所述连通管路上设有电控阀，所述电控阀与发动机的ECU相连。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的提升发动机低速扭矩的进排气结构，其特征在于，还包括气缸，所述压气机的排气管路与所述气缸的进气管路连接，所述气缸的排气管路与所述涡轮机的进气管路连接。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的提升发动机低速扭矩的进排气结构，其特征在于，所述涡轮机包括涡轮机壳，所述压气机包括压气机壳，所述涡轮机壳设有涡轮机进气口和涡轮机排气口，所述压气机壳设有压气机进气口和压气机排气口，所述压气机排气口用于与发动机连接，所述连通管路的一端与所述压气机壳靠近所述压气机排气口处相连，其另一端与所述涡轮机壳靠近所述涡轮机进气口处相连。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的提升发动机低速扭矩的进排气结构，其特征在于，所述连通管路为独立管路，或为集成管路。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的提升发动机低速扭矩的进排气结构，其特征在于，所述电控阀为开度阀或通断阀。
  6. 一种提升发动机低速扭矩的控制策略，其特征在于，所述控制策略设于发动机的ECU中，利用如权利要求1-4任一项所述的提升发动机低速扭矩的进排气结构，其中，所述电控阀与ECU相连，由发动机的ECU根据过量空气系数及发动机运行工况判断电控阀是否打开或增大或减小开度。
PCT/CN2017/076802 2016-08-30 2017-03-15 一种提升发动机低速扭矩的进排气结构及控制策略 WO2018040538A1 (zh)

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