WO2018036710A1 - Aube mobile, couronne d'aubes mobiles et turbine - Google Patents

Aube mobile, couronne d'aubes mobiles et turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018036710A1
WO2018036710A1 PCT/EP2017/067268 EP2017067268W WO2018036710A1 WO 2018036710 A1 WO2018036710 A1 WO 2018036710A1 EP 2017067268 W EP2017067268 W EP 2017067268W WO 2018036710 A1 WO2018036710 A1 WO 2018036710A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
support flank
support
rotor
turbine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2017/067268
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Johannes TUSCHE
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2018036710A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018036710A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/3007—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of axial insertion type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/94—Functionality given by mechanical stress related aspects such as low cycle fatigue [LCF] of high cycle fatigue [HCF]
    • F05D2260/941—Functionality given by mechanical stress related aspects such as low cycle fatigue [LCF] of high cycle fatigue [HCF] particularly aimed at mechanical or thermal stress reduction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
    • F05D2270/11—Purpose of the control system to prolong engine life
    • F05D2270/114—Purpose of the control system to prolong engine life by limiting mechanical stresses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a blade for a turbine. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a blade ring for a turbine and a turbine with ei ⁇ nem such blade ring.
  • Turbines are turbomachines designed to convert the enthalpy of a working fluid into kinetic energy.
  • Conventional turbines have a turbine housing which surrounds a flow space for the flow of the working fluid. In the flow space, a rotationally mounted turbine shaft with a plurality of rotor blades is arranged, which are held on the turbine shaft via so-called blade carriers.
  • a rotor carrier equipped with rotor blade is also referred to as a rotor blade ring.
  • Conventional turbines often have a plurality of successively arranged blade rings.
  • Blade carrier can be attached to the turbine shaft or formed integrally with this ⁇ .
  • conventional turbines Leitschau ⁇ rim rings which are each preceded by a blade ring and held or fixed to the turbine housing.
  • a group of a vane ring with a rotor blade associated therewith is also referred to as a turbine stage.
  • the working fluid releases some of its internal energy or flow energy to the rotor blade.
  • a force is exerted on the blade from ⁇ , which is passed on a connection area between the rotor blade and blade carrier to the blade carrier or to the turbine shaft.
  • the fixed to the turbine shaft ⁇ rotor blades are thereby including the turbine shaft to a turbine shaft axis in rotationally on offset. In this way, flow energy is converted into Rotati ⁇ onsenergy the turbine shaft.
  • a connection of the blades to the blade carrier or the turbine shaft is therefore exposed to special Belas ⁇ tions.
  • a maximum load capacity and thus a maximum power of the turbine are greatly limited, in particular due to a relatively weak connection of the rotor blades to the rotor carrier or the turbine shaft. Overstressing the linkage may result in relative motion of the blade to the turbine shaft and, in the worst case, rupture of the blade from the turbine shaft. This represents a high safety risk for the operating personnel of the turbine.
  • costly maintenance and repair work and thus long downtimes are required. This is associated with high costs.
  • a secure connection of the blades to the blade carrier or to the turbine shaft is of great importance.
  • the object is achieved by a blade according to claim 1. Furthermore, the above object is achieved by a blade ring according to claim 9 and by a turbine, in particular a steam turbine, according to claim 10. Further features and details of the invention result from the subclaims, the description and the drawings. In this case, features and details that are described in connexion ⁇ hang with the blade according to the invention, of course, also in connection with the inventive blade ring and the turbine according to the invention and in each case vice versa, so that with respect to the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention always reciprocal reference or can be. According to a first aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a rotor blade for a turbine.
  • the rotor blade has a blade area, a rotor blade longitudinal axis and a fir tree root arranged on the blade area and extending along the rotor blade longitudinal axis for connecting the rotor blade to a rotor carrier of a turbine shaft of the turbine.
  • the fir-tree root has at least one first supporting edge portion with a first carrier edge, which has to a perpendicular to the blade longitudinal ⁇ axis, a first support flank angle, and at least one second supporting edge portion with a second support edge, which has the normal of the blade longitudinal axis of a second support flank angle on.
  • the first Tragflan ⁇ ken Scheme is disposed between the at least one second supporting edge portion and the blade area. According to the invention, the second support flank angle is greater than the first support flank angle.
  • a blade region is understood to mean the region of the blade which during operation of the turbine is impinged by the working fluid, such as steam, for converting the flow energy into rotational energy.
  • the blade region is preferably formed according to a conventional blade of a turbine and thus preferably has a ge ⁇ curved flow surface and a substantially tropfenför--shaped cross-section.
  • connection portion which is for positive connection of the blade to a guide is formed feiriz.
  • Such connecting regions wei sen ⁇ a form fit portion with an undercut, which is designed for engaging in a correspondingly designed retaining groove of the blade carrier. The blades are thus pushed onto the blade carrier in a linear movement.
  • the form-fitting portion is designed such that a mounting or dismounting ei ⁇ ner blade can suc ⁇ gene parallel to the turbine shaft longitudinal axis.
  • connecting sections have proven with a fir-tree-shaped envelope, which are for this reason also referred to as Tannenbaumfuß.
  • a wide base side of the Christmas tree foot area preferably faces ⁇ the blade, wherein a tip end of the Tannenbaumfu ⁇ SLI, which may also have a curvature or bent edges, facing away from the blade area.
  • the fir-tree root has at least one first support flanks ⁇ area and at least one second support flank area, the reasonable arranged along the longitudinal axis of the blade one behind the other and are preferably mirror-symmetrical or at least formed substantially symmetrical to the blade longitudinal axis.
  • the first support flank region has a first support flank and the second support flank region has a second support flank.
  • the first support flank has a first support flank angle to a vertical of the blade longitudinal axis, which can also be referred to as a blade transverse axis.
  • the second support flank has a second support flank angle to the vertical of the rotor blade longitudinal axis.
  • the first support flank region is arranged between the blade region and the second support flank region.
  • the first support flank region has two first support flanks and the second support flank region has two second support flanks which are arranged on opposite sides of the rotor blade longitudinal axis.
  • a collar area is preferably formed, which supports the Christmas tree. projected laterally beyond foot and thus shields a connection area of Christmas tree foot and blade carrier outward from the working fluid or at least partially shields.
  • ⁇ with the first supporting edge portion is preferably disposed between the second bearing edge portion and the collar portion.
  • the second support flank angle is greater than the first support flank angle.
  • the first support flank angle is preferably formed relatively flat, in order to optimize
  • the second support flank region is arranged closer to a turbine shaft longitudinal axis in the mounted state than the first support flank region and is therefore exposed during operation of the turbine to a lower bending moment than the first support flank region.
  • a larger second support flank angle than the first support ⁇ flank angle has the same extension of the Tannenbaumfu ⁇ SLI along the blade longitudinal axis of the advantage that a minimum width of the fir-tree foot and therefore a cross section in the region of the second support flank region can be enlarged. A maximum tension in Tannenbaumfuß is thus easily reduced.
  • an enlargement of a radius in the second support flank region can be achieved in this way, so that notch effects in the second support flank region are reduced.
  • a second support flank surface of the second support flank can be enlarged, so that a surface pressure on the second support flank is reduced during operation of the turbine.
  • a load capacity of the rotor blade or a turbine with such rotor blade is increased, since the rotor blades can be connected to a rotor blade carrier more securely via a fir tree root formed in this way.
  • the first bearing surface ken Scheme has a first rounding with a first radius which extends from the first support flank in the direction of the blade area
  • the second Tragflanken ⁇ area has a second rounding with a second radius, extending from the second support flank in the direction of the first Supporting edge extends, wherein the second radius is greater than the first radius.
  • the first rounding and the second rounding are concave.
  • a second round of egg ⁇ nem relatively large second radius has the advantage that a notch effect is reduced in the second support flank region.
  • mirror-symmetrical design of the fir tree root is understood to mean, in particular, a mirror-symmetrical design of the first support flanks and of the second support flanks.
  • Such a Christmas tree root is easy to manufacture and designed for uniform power transmission to the blade carrier or the turbine shaft.
  • the first support region, a flank ers ⁇ te maximum cross width and the second support flank area has a second maximum cross width transverse to the longitudinal axis of the moving blade, wherein the first maximum cross width is greater than the second maximum cross width.
  • a maximum cross width is the maximum extension in the width Rich ⁇ processing of the fir tree root in the respective Tragflankenbe ⁇ rich.
  • the fir-tree foot has decreasing maximum widths along the longitudinal direction of the saw-shaft longitudinal axis starting from the first supporting-edge area.
  • a rotor blade with a ⁇ - like fir-tree foot has an improved power transmission.
  • the first support flank angle between 10 ° and 30 ° and the second support flank angle between 20 ° and 50 °.
  • the first support flank angle between 18 ° and 22 ° and the second support flank angle zwi ⁇ rule 36 ° and 44 °.
  • the first support flank angle is 20 ° and the second support flank angle is 40 °.
  • the second support flank angle min ⁇ is least 1.5 times the first support flank angle.
  • first support edge having a second edge length supporting a first support edge length and the second support flank, wherein the second support ⁇ edge length is greater than the first supporting edge length.
  • a relatively large second support flank length has the advantage that a surface pressure in the second support flank region is lower than in the first support flank region.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by a blade ring of a turbine shaft of a turbine.
  • the blade ring has a blade carrier and a plurality of rotor blades according to the invention held on the blade carrier.
  • the blade carrier has a retaining groove for each blade, which is adapted for a positive retention of the blade of a geometry of the Christmas tree foot of the blade.
  • the fir-tree root of the blade is thus accommodated in the retaining groove in a form-fitting manner.
  • On the support flanks of the blade are forces on corresponding receiving flanks of the
  • the blade carrier may be formed as a separate component which rotatably with a turbine shaft is connectable. Alternatively, the blade carrier may be integrally formed with the turbine shaft.
  • a blade ring according to the invention has the same advantages as described above with respect to the blade according to the invention. Due to the different support flank angles, a maximum tensile stress in the pine tree root can be easily reduced. Furthermore, notch effects in the second support flank area can be reduced in this way. Moreover, a surface pressure on the second support flank can be reduced during operation of the turbine. This enables a load capacity of the rotor blades or a turbine with such rotor blades is increased, because the rotor blades are attached over such ⁇ be formed fir-tree root safe arrival to the blade carrier.
  • the object is achieved by a turbine for converting internal energy
  • the turbine has a flow space for the flow of the working fluid
  • Turbine housing for limiting the flow space, a turbine shaft rotatably mounted about ei ⁇ ne turbine shaft longitudinal axis and at least one arranged on the turbine shaft according to the invention blade ring.
  • the flow space is limited by the turbine housing to the outside.
  • the working fluid can be conducted in a flow direction through the flow chamber to flow thus the rotor blades to deliver the flow of energy to the rotor blades and thus the turbine shaft in rotation to verset ⁇ zen.
  • the blade carrier of the blade ring may be formed as a separate component which is rotatably connected to the turbine shaft.
  • the running show ⁇ fel be formed integrally with the turbine shaft.
  • a turbine according to the invention has the same advantages as described above with regard to the blade according to the invention and the rotor blade ring according to the invention are.
  • a ma ⁇ ximum tension in the fir-tree is easily reducible.
  • notch effects in the second support flank area can be reduced in this way.
  • a surface pressure is sung to the second support flank in the operation of the turbine redu ⁇ ible.
  • a load capacity of the turbine is magnified ⁇ ßert, since the blades are connected via such a trained Christmas tree foot safer to the blade carrier.
  • a rotor blade according to the invention, a rotor blade ring according to the invention and a turbine according to the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. Each show schematically:
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a detail of a preferred embodiment of a rotor blade according to the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a side view of a preferred embodiment of a turbine ⁇ invention.
  • Fig. 1 a section of a preferred embodiment of a blade 1 according to the invention is shown schematically in a plan view. In this picture is the
  • Blade 1 only up to a running blade longitudinal axis 4 formed from ⁇ .
  • the rotor blade is formed aptsymmet ⁇ driven to the blade longitudinal axis. 4
  • the rotor blade has a blade area 3 and a fir tree foot 5 with a substantially fir-tree-shaped profile, the blade area 3 only being indicated in this illustration.
  • the fir-tree foot 5 of the rotor blade 1 has a first support flank region 8 and a second support flank region 12, wherein the first support flank region 8 is arranged between the second support flank region 12 and the blade region 3.
  • the first supporting edge area 8 has a first supporting edge 9 having a first supporting edge length 21, relative to the egg ⁇ ner uprights 10 is arranged to the blade longitudinal axis 4 by a support ers ⁇ th flank angle. 11
  • the first Tragflankenbe ⁇ rich 8 in the direction of the vertical 10 a first maximum edge width 19.
  • the second support flank region 12 has a second support flank 13 with a second support flank length 22, which is arranged relative to the perpendicular 10 to the rotor blade longitudinal axis 4 by a second support flank angle 14.
  • a second rounding 17 is arranged with a second radius 18 which extends in the direction of the first Tragflankenbe ⁇ rich 8 and thus also of the blade area 3.
  • the second support flank region 12 in FIG. 1 At an end of the second support flank 13 opposite the second rounding 17, the second support flank region 12 in FIG.
  • the second support flange angle 14 is formed substantially larger than the first support flank angle 11. Moreover, the second radius 18 is greater than the first radius 16.
  • Such a moving blade 1 is designed to transmit larger forces to a turbine shaft 7 (see FIG Prior art rotor blade 1 known.
  • a preferred embodiment of a turbine 2 according to the invention is shown schematically in a side view.
  • the turbine 2 has a turbine housing 26, which has a flow space 25 for passing a
  • a turbine shaft 7 with a turbine shaft longitudinal axis 27 is arranged rotatably about the turbine shaft longitudinal axis 27.
  • the turbine housing 26 are hinterei ⁇ Nander in the flow direction S and a plurality of spaced apart vane ⁇ rings 28 arranged each having a plurality of routing ⁇ shovel 29th
  • a rotor blade ring 23 according to the invention is arranged behind each vane ring 28.
  • the blade rings 23 each have a blade carrier 6 on which a plurality of blades 1 are held.
  • the Christmas tree feet 5 of the run ⁇ blades 1 are positively received in correspondingly formed retaining groove 24 of the blade carrier 6. In this view, the feet are Tannenbaum 5 only from the side Detection ⁇ bar, so that the characteristic fir tree-shaped profile (see Fig. 1) of the Christmas tree 5 feet from this perspective is not recognizable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une aube mobile (1) pour une turbine (2), comprenant une zone d'aube (3), un axe longitudinal d'aube mobile (4) ainsi qu'un pied en sapin (5), disposé sur la zone d'aube (2) et s'étendant le long de l'axe longitudinal d'aube mobile (4), servant à relier l'aube mobile (1) à un support d'aube mobile (6) d'un arbre (7) de la turbine (2), le pied en sapin (5) comprenant au moins une première zone de flanc de support (8) dotée d'un premier flanc de support (9) qui présente un premier angle de flanc de support (11) par rapport à une perpendiculaire (10) à l'axe longitudinal d'aube mobile (4) et au moins une deuxième zone de flanc de support (12) dotée d'un deuxième flanc de support (13) qui présente un deuxième angle de flanc de support (14) par rapport à la perpendiculaire (10) à l'axe longitudinal d'aube mobile (4), la première zone de flanc de support (8) étant disposée entre ladite au moins une deuxième zone de flanc de support (12) et la zone d'aube (3). Selon l'invention, le deuxième angle de flanc de support (14) est supérieur au premier angle de flanc de support (11). L'invention concerne en outre une couronne d'aubes mobiles (23) d'un arbre (7) d'une turbine (2) ainsi qu'une turbine (2).
PCT/EP2017/067268 2016-08-24 2017-07-10 Aube mobile, couronne d'aubes mobiles et turbine WO2018036710A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016215907.0A DE102016215907A1 (de) 2016-08-24 2016-08-24 Laufschaufel, Laufschaufelkranz und Turbine
DE102016215907.0 2016-08-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018036710A1 true WO2018036710A1 (fr) 2018-03-01

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PCT/EP2017/067268 WO2018036710A1 (fr) 2016-08-24 2017-07-10 Aube mobile, couronne d'aubes mobiles et turbine

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DE (1) DE102016215907A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018036710A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB614678A (en) * 1946-07-19 1948-12-20 Parsons C A & Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to turbine blading or the like
DE889159C (de) * 1943-01-16 1953-09-07 Svenska Rotor Maskiner Ab Turbinenschaufel
US20050175462A1 (en) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-11 General Electric Company Advanced firtree and broach slot forms for turbine stage 1 and 2 buckets and rotor wheels
EP2436883A1 (fr) * 2010-09-29 2012-04-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Pied d'aube, en particulier pour aube de turbine, aube et ensemble pour turbomachine
EP2762676A1 (fr) * 2013-02-04 2014-08-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Aube rotorique de turbomachine, disque de rotor de turbomachine, rotor de turbomachine et moteur à turbine à gaz ayant des surfaces de contact du pied et de la rainure d'aube à angles différents

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE889159C (de) * 1943-01-16 1953-09-07 Svenska Rotor Maskiner Ab Turbinenschaufel
GB614678A (en) * 1946-07-19 1948-12-20 Parsons C A & Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to turbine blading or the like
US20050175462A1 (en) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-11 General Electric Company Advanced firtree and broach slot forms for turbine stage 1 and 2 buckets and rotor wheels
EP2436883A1 (fr) * 2010-09-29 2012-04-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Pied d'aube, en particulier pour aube de turbine, aube et ensemble pour turbomachine
EP2762676A1 (fr) * 2013-02-04 2014-08-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Aube rotorique de turbomachine, disque de rotor de turbomachine, rotor de turbomachine et moteur à turbine à gaz ayant des surfaces de contact du pied et de la rainure d'aube à angles différents

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Publication number Publication date
DE102016215907A1 (de) 2018-03-01

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