WO2018023940A1 - Back-contact solar cell string and preparation method, assembly and system therefor - Google Patents

Back-contact solar cell string and preparation method, assembly and system therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018023940A1
WO2018023940A1 PCT/CN2017/000124 CN2017000124W WO2018023940A1 WO 2018023940 A1 WO2018023940 A1 WO 2018023940A1 CN 2017000124 W CN2017000124 W CN 2017000124W WO 2018023940 A1 WO2018023940 A1 WO 2018023940A1
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Prior art keywords
solar cell
emitter
base
back contact
region
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PCT/CN2017/000124
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
林建伟
孙玉海
刘志锋
季根华
刘勇
张育政
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泰州中来光电科技有限公司
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Priority to JP2019505466A priority Critical patent/JP2019523564A/en
Publication of WO2018023940A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018023940A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1876—Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
    • H01L31/188—Apparatus specially adapted for automatic interconnection of solar cells in a module
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of solar cell technologies, and in particular, to a back contact solar cell string and a preparation method, component and system thereof.
  • Solar cells are a kind of semiconductor device that converts light energy into electrical energy.
  • the low production cost and high energy conversion efficiency have always been the goal pursued by the solar cell industry.
  • the emitter contact electrode and the base contact electrode are respectively located on the front and back sides of the cell sheet.
  • the front side of the battery is the light receiving surface, and the coverage of the front metal emitter contact electrode will cause a part of the incident sunlight to be blocked by the metal electrode, causing a part of optical loss.
  • the coverage area of the front metal electrode of the ordinary crystalline silicon solar cell is about 7%, and reducing the front cover of the metal electrode can directly improve the energy conversion efficiency of the battery.
  • the back contact solar cell is a battery in which both the emitter and the base contact electrode are placed on the back surface of the battery (non-light-receiving surface), and the light-receiving surface of the battery is shielded by any metal electrode, thereby effectively increasing the short-circuit current of the cell.
  • the energy conversion efficiency of the cell is improved.
  • the solar cell with back contact structure is the most energy-efficient cell in the crystalline silicon solar cell produced by solar energy industrialization. Its high conversion efficiency and low component packaging cost have been favored by people.
  • the metallization process is mostly realized by electroplating with complicated processes. This method has excellent performance in reducing the series resistance of the back contact battery and improving the open circuit voltage of the battery, but the method is excellent. The process is complicated, the discharged waste is seriously polluting the environment, and it is not compatible with the current mainstream metallization methods of industrial production, so it is not conducive to low-cost industrialization.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a novel back contact solar cell string with high conversion efficiency, low component loss, no soldering, screen printing technology, and a preparation method, component and system thereof.
  • the invention provides a back contact solar cell string, the technical proposal of which is:
  • a back contact solar cell string comprising a back contact solar cell and a conductive member for back contact solar cell electrical connection, the back surface of the back contact solar cell comprising an emitter p+ region and a base n+ region alternately arranged, the emitter The p+ region is provided with an emitter contact electrode, the base n+ region is provided with a base contact electrode, and the back surface of the back contact solar cell further comprises an emitter insulating barrier layer disposed on the emitter contact electrode and disposed on the base contact electrode The base insulating barrier layer, the emitter contact electrode of the adjacent back contact solar cell and the base contact electrode are electrically connected by the conductive member.
  • the conductive member is a metal conductive strip and a conductive adhesive disposed on the metal conductive strip; the front surface of the back contact solar cell is provided with a front surface field and a passivation anti-reflection film, and the back surface of the back contact solar cell is provided with a passivation film .
  • the back contact solar cell has a resistivity of 1-30 ⁇ cm and a thickness of 50-300 ⁇ m; the emitter p+ region and the base n+ region are distributed in a long strip between the solar cell substrate back surface, the emitter p+ region and the base.
  • a dielectric passivation layer is also provided on the pole n+ region for passivation of the back surface of the battery.
  • the width of the emitter p+ region is 200-3000 ⁇ m
  • the width of the base n+ region is 100-1000 ⁇ m
  • the width of the emitter insulating barrier layer is greater than or equal to the width of the emitter p+ region
  • the width of the base insulating barrier layer is greater than or Equal to the width of the base n+ region.
  • the back contact solar cell is a narrow strip back contact solar cell with a cell slice cut at equal intervals, and the narrow strip back contact solar cell has a width of 20 mm-80 mm.
  • the emitter contact electrode is a silver aluminum alloy electrode
  • the base contact electrode is a silver electrode
  • the back contact solar cell is a back contact N-type single crystal silicon solar cell.
  • the emitter insulating barrier layer and the base insulating barrier layer are respectively disposed at edges of the strip-shaped back contact solar cells, and the emitter contact electrodes of the adjacent strip-shaped back contact solar cells pass through the emitter
  • the edge barrier layer is insulated, and the base contact electrode of the adjacent narrow strip back contact solar cell is insulated by the base insulating barrier layer.
  • the invention also provides a preparation method of a back contact solar cell string, comprising the following steps:
  • the solar cell substrate is an N-type single crystal silicon substrate, and the sintering temperature of the metal slurry is 300-1200 ° C.
  • step (2) the emitter insulating barrier layer and the base insulating barrier layer are arranged in a column shape, each column of the emitter insulating barrier layer covers the emitter contact electrode, and does not cover the base contact electrode; each column base insulating block The layer covers the base contact electrode and does not cover the emitter contact electrode.
  • step (2) two rows of emitter insulating barrier layers and one column of base insulating barrier layers are printed on the solar cell substrate, or three columns of emitter insulating barrier layers and two columns of base insulating barrier layers are printed, and vice versa can.
  • the present invention also provides a solar cell module comprising a solar cell string, the solar cell string being the above-described back contact solar cell string.
  • the present invention also provides a solar cell system comprising more than one solar cell module, the solar cell module being the solar cell module described above.
  • the invention adopts the method of the conductive member instead of the welding to realize the series connection between the back contact batteries, the operation is simple, the high precision alignment welding equipment is not needed, and the conductive member also functions as a lateral convergence, and the carrier is reduced at the electrode.
  • the lateral transmission loss between the two increases the fill factor of the battery; the series connection of the non-whole narrow strip battery reduces the short-circuit current of the component and significantly reduces the package loss of the component.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a back surface after the first step of the method for preparing a back contact solar cell string according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the back surface after the second step of the method for preparing the back contact solar cell string according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the back surface of the strip-shaped back contact battery after the third step of the method for preparing the back contact solar cell string according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the strip-shaped back contact battery in the fourth step of the method for preparing the back contact solar cell string according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a conductive member in a back contact solar cell string according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a narrow strip-shaped back contact battery after a series connection of conductive members in step 4 of the method for preparing a back contact solar cell string according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the back contact solar cell string provided by the embodiment includes a back contact solar cell and a conductive member for back contact solar cell electrical connection, and the back surface of the back contact solar cell includes alternating Arranged emitter p+ region 10 and base n+ region 11, emitter p+ region 10 is provided with emitter contact electrode 20, and base n+ region 11 is provided with base contact electrode 21.
  • the back surface of the back contact solar cell further includes an emitter insulating barrier layer 30 disposed on the emitter contact electrode 20 and a base insulating barrier layer 31 disposed on the base contact electrode 21 adjacent to the solar cell.
  • the emitter contact electrode 20 and the base contact electrode 21 are electrically connected by a conductive member, and the conductive member is a metal conductive strip 41 and a strip-shaped conductive paste 40 disposed on the metal conductive strip 41.
  • the back contact solar cell string of the embodiment has high conversion efficiency, no soldering, and reduces production cost.
  • the above-mentioned back contact solar cell string realizes the metallization process of the back contact solar cell by screen printing technology, simplifies the process flow, and does not need to introduce new metallization equipment on the existing production line; Welding to achieve the series connection between the batteries, the operation is simple, high-precision alignment welding equipment is not required, and the conductive members also play a role of lateral convergence, reducing lateral transmission loss of carriers between the electrodes, and improving the battery Fill factor.
  • the back contact solar cell is a 6-inch strip-shaped back contact solar cell cut into 6-inch cells at equal intervals, and the strip-shaped back contact solar cell has a width of 20 mm to 80 mm, preferably 26 mm to 78 mm, and a length.
  • the 156-162mm due to the use of a non-whole strip of narrow-cell battery for series connection, reduces the short-circuit current of the component and significantly reduces component package loss.
  • the front surface of the back contact solar cell is provided with a passivation anti-reflection film, and the back surface of the back contact solar cell is provided with a passivation film.
  • the back contact solar cell has a resistivity of 1 to 30 ⁇ cm and a thickness of 50 to 300 ⁇ m.
  • the width of the emitter p+ region 10 is 200-3000 ⁇ m, the width of the base n+ region 11 is 100-1000 ⁇ m; the width of the emitter insulating barrier layer 30 is greater than or equal to the width of the emitter p+ region 10, and the base insulating barrier layer 31 The width is greater than or equal to the width of the base n+ region 11.
  • the emitter contact electrode 20 is a silver aluminum alloy electrode
  • the base contact electrode 21 is a silver electrode
  • the back contact solar cell is a back contact N type single crystal silicon solar cell
  • the emitter p+ region 10 and the base n+ region 11 are long and narrow strips.
  • the phases are distributed on the solar cell substrate.
  • the emitter insulating barrier layer 30 and the base insulating barrier layer 31 are respectively disposed at edges of the strip-shaped back contact solar cells, and the emitter contact electrodes 20 of the adjacent back contact solar cells are insulated by the emitter insulating barrier layer 30, adjacent
  • the base contact electrode 21 of the back contact solar cell is insulated by the base insulating barrier layer 31.
  • the emitter p+ region 10 and the base n+ region 11 are alternately arranged on the back surface of the silicon wafer.
  • an N-type single crystal silicon substrate is selected, and the resistivity is 1-30 ⁇ cm.
  • the thickness is 50-300 ⁇ m, and the N-type crystalline silicon substrate is subjected to surface texturing treatment before use, and then the cell emitter p+ region 10 and the base n+ region 11 are alternately arranged by diffusion or ion implantation, masking, etching, and the like.
  • the back surface of the battery On the back surface of the battery.
  • the dielectric film of silicon oxide, silicon nitride and aluminum oxide is used to passivate the back surface of the battery and passivate and optically reduce the front surface, thereby forming the desired emitter p+ region 10 and the base n+ region 11 alternately.
  • a metal electrode (fine gate line) which is in ohmic contact with the emitter p+ region 10 and the base n+ region 11 is formed by printing a metal paste, wherein the emitter contact electrode 20 in contact with the emitter p+ region 10 is a silver aluminum alloy electrode
  • the base contact electrode 21 in contact with the base n+ region 11 is a silver electrode
  • the two metal electrodes are respectively printed on the back surface of the silicon wafer by the emitter p+ region 10 and the base n+ region 11 by screen printing.
  • the width of the doped region cannot exceed the width of the doped region, and an ohmic contact is formed by one sintering after the end of printing, and the sintering temperature is 300-1200 °C.
  • the completed battery back surface structure is shown in Figure 1.
  • the insulating barrier layer is selectively covered on the surface of the electrode by screen printing technology to achieve selective insulation of the emitter contact electrode 20 and the base contact electrode 21, and the width of the insulating barrier layer does not exceed
  • the width of the doped region is dried after the printing, and the drying temperature is 100-600 ° C, thereby achieving selective insulation of the emitter contact electrode 20 and the base contact electrode 21, and completing the back contact solar cell substrate. Production.
  • the insulating barrier layer formed by screen printing includes an emitter insulating barrier layer 30 disposed on the emitter contact electrode 20 and a base insulating barrier layer 31 disposed on the base contact electrode 21, an emitter insulating barrier layer 30 and a base
  • the insulating barrier layers 31 are arranged in a column, and the columns of the columnar emitter insulating barrier layer 30 and the columnar base insulating barrier layer 31 are perpendicular to the elongated emitter p+ region and the elongated base n+ region.
  • Each column of the emitter insulating barrier layer 30 covers the emitter contact electrode 20 and does not cover the base contact electrode 21; each column of the base insulating barrier layer 31 covers the base contact electrode 21 and does not cover the emitter contact electrode 20.
  • the width of the emitter insulating barrier layer 30 is greater than or equal to the width of the emitter p+ region 10, the base
  • the width of the insulating barrier layer 31 is greater than or equal to the width of the base n+ region 11.
  • a plurality of columns of insulating barrier layers can be printed on the entire solar cell, and two columns of emitter insulating barrier layers 30 and a column of base insulating barrier layers 31 can be printed as shown in FIG. 2, which can be cut into two narrow strips. Back contact battery. It is also possible to print three columns of emitter insulating barrier layers 30 and two columns of base insulating barrier layers 31, which can be cut into four narrow strip-shaped back contact cells. The specific quantity can be adjusted according to the actual production situation.
  • this embodiment preferably prints a back contact battery of two columns of emitter insulating barrier layers 30 and a column of base insulating barrier layers 31, which are back-contacted along the center of the base insulating barrier layer 31 using a cutting device.
  • the solar cell substrate is symmetrically cut into two strip-shaped back contact batteries, the size of the battery is 156 mm * 156 mm, and the width of the strip-shaped back contact battery after cutting is 78 mm.
  • the conductive member including the metal conductive strip 41 and the conductive adhesive 40 disposed on the metal conductive strip 41 (a schematic view after connection is shown in FIG. 6).
  • the material of the metal conductive strip 41 may be copper or aluminum or other conductive material.
  • the metal conductive strip 41 can significantly reduce the series resistance and reduce the series loss. To this end, the preparation of the back contact solar cell string of the present invention is completed.
  • the embodiment further provides a solar cell module comprising a solar cell string, wherein the solar cell string is the above-mentioned back contact solar cell string.
  • the embodiment further provides a solar cell system comprising more than one solar cell module, the solar cell module being the solar cell module described above.

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Abstract

A back-contact solar cell string, and a preparation method, assembly and system therefor. The back-contact solar cell string comprises: a back-contact solar cell, and a conductive member for the electrical connection of the back-contact solar cell; a back surface of the back-contact solar cell comprises: an emitter p+ region (10) and an emitter contact electrode (20) thereon, and a base n+ region (11) and a base contact electrode (21) thereon, which are alternately arranged; the back-contact solar cell string further comprises: an emitter insulation barrier layer (30) disposed on the emitter contact electrode, and a base insulation barrier layer (31) disposed on the base contact electrode; the emitter contact electrode and the base contact electrode which are adjacent to the back-contact cell are electrically connected by means of the conductive member, so as to form said back-contact solar cell string. The present invention has the following technical effects: by adopting an insulating barrier layer and by using a conductive member in lieu of welding so as to achieve the series connection of between cells, the manufacturing process thereof is simple, no high-precision welding equipment is needed while increasing a fill factor of the assembly.

Description

一种背接触太阳能电池串及其制备方法和组件、***Back contact solar cell string and preparation method and component thereof, system 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及太阳能电池技术领域，具体涉及一种背接触太阳能电池串及其制备方法和组件、***。The present invention relates to the field of solar cell technologies, and in particular, to a back contact solar cell string and a preparation method, component and system thereof.
背景技术Background technique
太阳能电池是一种将光能转化为电能的半导体器件，较低的生产成本和较高的能量转化效率一直是太阳能电池工业追求的目标。对于目前常规太阳能电池，其发射极接触电极和基极接触电极分别位于电池片的正反两面。电池的正面为受光面，正面金属发射极接触电极的覆盖必将导致一部分入射的太阳光被金属电极所反射遮挡，造成一部分光学损失。普通晶硅太阳能电池的正面金属电极的覆盖面积在7％左右，减少金属电极的正面覆盖可以直接提高电池的能量转化效率。背接触太阳能电池是一种将发射极和基极接触电极均放置在电池背面(非受光面)的电池，该电池的受光面无任何金属电极遮挡，从而有效增加了电池片的短路电流，使电池片的能量转化效率得到提高。Solar cells are a kind of semiconductor device that converts light energy into electrical energy. The low production cost and high energy conversion efficiency have always been the goal pursued by the solar cell industry. For the conventional solar cell, the emitter contact electrode and the base contact electrode are respectively located on the front and back sides of the cell sheet. The front side of the battery is the light receiving surface, and the coverage of the front metal emitter contact electrode will cause a part of the incident sunlight to be blocked by the metal electrode, causing a part of optical loss. The coverage area of the front metal electrode of the ordinary crystalline silicon solar cell is about 7%, and reducing the front cover of the metal electrode can directly improve the energy conversion efficiency of the battery. The back contact solar cell is a battery in which both the emitter and the base contact electrode are placed on the back surface of the battery (non-light-receiving surface), and the light-receiving surface of the battery is shielded by any metal electrode, thereby effectively increasing the short-circuit current of the cell. The energy conversion efficiency of the cell is improved.
背接触结构的太阳能电池是目前太阳能工业化批量生产的晶硅太阳能电池中能量转化效率最高的一种电池，它的高转化效率、低组件封装成本，一直深受人们青睐。在以往的背接触太阳能电池制作工艺中，其金属化工艺大都采用流程较为复杂的电镀来实现，该方法在降低背接触电池的串联电阻、提高电池的开路电压确实有出色的表现，但是该方法工艺复杂，排放的废弃物严重污染环境，且与目前工业化生产的主流金属化方法不相兼容，因此不利于低成本的产业化推广。同时，在将背接触电池封装成组件的过程中，由于发射极和基极电极根数较多、线宽较窄，相邻电池之间的对准焊接非常困难。另一方面，在将电池封装成组件的过程中，功率的损失很大一部分来自焊接电阻和焊带电阻，单片电池的短路电流越高，这部分功率损失就越大。 The solar cell with back contact structure is the most energy-efficient cell in the crystalline silicon solar cell produced by solar energy industrialization. Its high conversion efficiency and low component packaging cost have been favored by people. In the conventional back contact solar cell fabrication process, the metallization process is mostly realized by electroplating with complicated processes. This method has excellent performance in reducing the series resistance of the back contact battery and improving the open circuit voltage of the battery, but the method is excellent. The process is complicated, the discharged waste is seriously polluting the environment, and it is not compatible with the current mainstream metallization methods of industrial production, so it is not conducive to low-cost industrialization. At the same time, in the process of packaging the back contact battery into components, since the number of emitter and base electrodes is large and the line width is narrow, alignment welding between adjacent cells is very difficult. On the other hand, in the process of packaging the battery into components, a large part of the power loss comes from the welding resistance and the strip resistance. The higher the short-circuit current of the single-chip battery, the greater the power loss.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足，提供一种转化效率高、组件损耗低、无需焊接、基于丝网印刷技术的新型背接触太阳能电池串及其制备方法和组件、***。The object of the present invention is to provide a novel back contact solar cell string with high conversion efficiency, low component loss, no soldering, screen printing technology, and a preparation method, component and system thereof.
本发明提供的一种背接触太阳能电池串，其技术方案是：The invention provides a back contact solar cell string, the technical proposal of which is:
一种背接触太阳能电池串，包括背接触太阳能电池和用于背接触太阳能电池电连接的导电件，背接触太阳能电池的背表面包括相互交替排列的发射极p+区域和基极n+区域，发射极p+区域设置有发射极接触电极，基极n+区域设置有基极接触电极，背接触太阳能电池的背表面还包括设置在发射极接触电极上的发射极绝缘阻挡层和设置在基极接触电极上的基极绝缘阻挡层，相邻背接触太阳能电池的发射极接触电极与基极接触电极通过导电件电连接。A back contact solar cell string comprising a back contact solar cell and a conductive member for back contact solar cell electrical connection, the back surface of the back contact solar cell comprising an emitter p+ region and a base n+ region alternately arranged, the emitter The p+ region is provided with an emitter contact electrode, the base n+ region is provided with a base contact electrode, and the back surface of the back contact solar cell further comprises an emitter insulating barrier layer disposed on the emitter contact electrode and disposed on the base contact electrode The base insulating barrier layer, the emitter contact electrode of the adjacent back contact solar cell and the base contact electrode are electrically connected by the conductive member.
其中，导电件是金属导电条和设置在金属导电条上的导电胶；背接触太阳能电池的前表面设置有前表面场和钝化减反膜，背接触太阳能电池的背表面设置有钝化膜。The conductive member is a metal conductive strip and a conductive adhesive disposed on the metal conductive strip; the front surface of the back contact solar cell is provided with a front surface field and a passivation anti-reflection film, and the back surface of the back contact solar cell is provided with a passivation film .
其中，背接触太阳能电池的电阻率为1-30Ω·cm，厚度为50-300μm；发射极p+区域和基极n+区域呈长条状相间分布于太阳能电池基体背表面，发射极p+区域和基极n+区域上还设置有介质钝化层，用于电池背表面的钝化。Wherein, the back contact solar cell has a resistivity of 1-30 Ω·cm and a thickness of 50-300 μm; the emitter p+ region and the base n+ region are distributed in a long strip between the solar cell substrate back surface, the emitter p+ region and the base. A dielectric passivation layer is also provided on the pole n+ region for passivation of the back surface of the battery.
其中，发射极p+区域的宽度为200-3000μm，基极n+区域的宽度为100-1000μm；发射极绝缘阻挡层的宽度大于或等于发射极p+区域的宽度，基极绝缘阻挡层的宽度大于或等于基极n+区域的宽度.Wherein, the width of the emitter p+ region is 200-3000 μm, the width of the base n+ region is 100-1000 μm; the width of the emitter insulating barrier layer is greater than or equal to the width of the emitter p+ region, and the width of the base insulating barrier layer is greater than or Equal to the width of the base n+ region.
其中，背接触太阳能电池是将电池片等间距切割后的窄条状背接触太阳能电池，窄条状背接触太阳能电池的宽为20mm-80mm。The back contact solar cell is a narrow strip back contact solar cell with a cell slice cut at equal intervals, and the narrow strip back contact solar cell has a width of 20 mm-80 mm.
其中，发射极接触电极为银铝合金电极，基极接触电极为银电极；背接触太阳能电池是背接触N型单晶硅太阳能电池。The emitter contact electrode is a silver aluminum alloy electrode, the base contact electrode is a silver electrode, and the back contact solar cell is a back contact N-type single crystal silicon solar cell.
其中，发射极绝缘阻挡层和基极绝缘阻挡层分别设置在窄条状背接触太阳能电池的边缘，相邻窄条状背接触太阳能电池的发射极接触电极通过发射极绝 缘阻挡层实现绝缘，相邻窄条状背接触太阳能电池的基极接触电极通过基极绝缘阻挡层实现绝缘。Wherein, the emitter insulating barrier layer and the base insulating barrier layer are respectively disposed at edges of the strip-shaped back contact solar cells, and the emitter contact electrodes of the adjacent strip-shaped back contact solar cells pass through the emitter The edge barrier layer is insulated, and the base contact electrode of the adjacent narrow strip back contact solar cell is insulated by the base insulating barrier layer.
本发明还提供了一种背接触太阳能电池串的制备方法，包括以下步骤：The invention also provides a preparation method of a back contact solar cell string, comprising the following steps:
(1)、在太阳能电池基体的背表面形成相互交替排列的发射极p+区域和基极n+区域，利用丝网印刷技术在发射极p+区域和基极n+区域印刷金属浆料，烧结后形成与发射极p+区域相接触的发射极接触电极，与基极n+区域相接触的基极接触电极；(1) forming an emitter p+ region and a base n+ region alternately arranged on the back surface of the solar cell substrate, and printing a metal paste in the emitter p+ region and the base n+ region by screen printing technology, and forming and forming after sintering An emitter contact electrode in contact with the emitter p+ region, and a base contact electrode in contact with the base n+ region;
(2)、利用丝网印刷技术将绝缘浆料交替印刷在发射极接触电极和基极接触电极的表面，烘干后形成发射极绝缘阻挡层和基极绝缘阻挡层；(2) using an screen printing technique to alternately print the insulating paste on the surface of the emitter contact electrode and the base contact electrode, and after drying, form an emitter insulating barrier layer and a base insulating barrier layer;
(3)、沿绝缘阻挡层中心将背接触太阳能电池基体切割成多片窄条状背接触电池；(3) cutting the back contact solar cell substrate into a plurality of narrow strip-shaped back contact batteries along the center of the insulating barrier layer;
(4)、将窄条状背接触电池按规则排列，在相邻电池交界处铺设导电件，使得相邻背接触太阳能电池的发射极接触电极与基极接触电极通过导电件电连接，形成背接触太阳能电池串。(4) arranging the strip-shaped back contact batteries in a regular manner, laying conductive members at the junction of adjacent batteries, so that the emitter contact electrodes of the adjacent back contact solar cells and the base contact electrodes are electrically connected through the conductive members to form a back Contact the solar cell string.
其中，步骤(1)中，太阳能电池基体为N型单晶硅基体，金属浆料的烧结温度为300-1200℃。Wherein, in the step (1), the solar cell substrate is an N-type single crystal silicon substrate, and the sintering temperature of the metal slurry is 300-1200 ° C.
其中，步骤(2)中，发射极绝缘阻挡层和基极绝缘阻挡层呈列状分布，每列发射极绝缘阻挡层覆盖发射极接触电极，不覆盖基极接触电极；每列基极绝缘阻挡层覆盖基极接触电极，不覆盖发射极接触电极。Wherein, in step (2), the emitter insulating barrier layer and the base insulating barrier layer are arranged in a column shape, each column of the emitter insulating barrier layer covers the emitter contact electrode, and does not cover the base contact electrode; each column base insulating block The layer covers the base contact electrode and does not cover the emitter contact electrode.
其中，步骤(2)中，在太阳能电池基体上印刷有两列发射极绝缘阻挡层和一列基极绝缘阻挡层，或者印刷有三列发射极绝缘阻挡层和两列基极绝缘阻挡层，反之亦可。Wherein, in step (2), two rows of emitter insulating barrier layers and one column of base insulating barrier layers are printed on the solar cell substrate, or three columns of emitter insulating barrier layers and two columns of base insulating barrier layers are printed, and vice versa can.
本发明还提供了一种太阳能电池组件，包括太阳能电池串，太阳能电池串为上述的背接触太阳能电池串。The present invention also provides a solar cell module comprising a solar cell string, the solar cell string being the above-described back contact solar cell string.
本发明还提供了一种太阳能电池***，包括一个以上的太阳能电池组件，太阳能电池组件是上述的太阳能电池组件。 The present invention also provides a solar cell system comprising more than one solar cell module, the solar cell module being the solar cell module described above.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the invention are:
本发明采用导电件的方法取代焊接来实现背接触电池之间的串连，操作简单、无需高精度的对准焊接设备，同时导电件还起到横向汇流的作用，减少了载流子在电极之间的横向传输损耗，提高了电池的填充因子；由于采用非整片的窄条状电池进行串连，降低了组件的短路电流从而显著地降低了组件封装损耗。The invention adopts the method of the conductive member instead of the welding to realize the series connection between the back contact batteries, the operation is simple, the high precision alignment welding equipment is not needed, and the conductive member also functions as a lateral convergence, and the carrier is reduced at the electrode. The lateral transmission loss between the two increases the fill factor of the battery; the series connection of the non-whole narrow strip battery reduces the short-circuit current of the component and significantly reduces the package loss of the component.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1为本发明实施例的背接触太阳能电池串的制备方法步骤一后的背表面结构示意图。1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a back surface after the first step of the method for preparing a back contact solar cell string according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图2为本发明实施例的背接触太阳能电池串的制备方法步骤二后的背表面结构示意图。2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the back surface after the second step of the method for preparing the back contact solar cell string according to the embodiment of the present invention.
图3为本发明实施例的背接触太阳能电池串的制备方法步骤三后的窄条状背接触电池的背表面结构示意图。3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the back surface of the strip-shaped back contact battery after the third step of the method for preparing the back contact solar cell string according to the embodiment of the present invention.
图4为本发明实施例的背接触太阳能电池串的制备方法步骤四中窄条状背接触电池的排列示意图。4 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the strip-shaped back contact battery in the fourth step of the method for preparing the back contact solar cell string according to the embodiment of the present invention.
图5为本发明实施例的背接触太阳能电池串中的导电件的结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a conductive member in a back contact solar cell string according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图6为本发明实施例的背接触太阳能电池串的制备方法步骤四中通过导电件串接后的窄条状背接触电池示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a narrow strip-shaped back contact battery after a series connection of conductive members in step 4 of the method for preparing a back contact solar cell string according to an embodiment of the invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合实施例以及附图对本发明加以详细说明，需要指出的是，所描述的实施例仅旨在便于对本发明的理解，而对其不起任何限定作用。The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, which are to be understood that the described embodiments are only intended to facilitate the understanding of the invention.
参见图4至图6所示，本实施例提供的一种背接触太阳能电池串，包括背接触太阳能电池和用于背接触太阳能电池电连接的导电件，背接触太阳能电池的背表面包括相互交替排列的发射极p+区域10和基极n+区域11，发射极p+区域10上设置有发射极接触电极20，基极n+区域11上设置有基极接触电极 21，背接触太阳能电池的背表面还包括设置在发射极接触电极20上的发射极绝缘阻挡层30和设置在基极接触电极21上的基极绝缘阻挡层31，相邻背接触太阳能电池的发射极接触电极20与基极接触电极21通过导电件电连接，导电件为金属导电条41和设置在金属导电条41上的条状导电胶40。本实施例的背接触太阳能电池串转化效率高、无需焊接、降低了生产成本。上述的背接触太阳能电池串采用丝网印刷技术实现了背接触太阳能电池的金属化工艺，简化了工艺流程，且不需在现有产线上引入新的金属化设备；采用导电件的方法取代焊接来实现电池之间的串连，操作简单、无需高精度的对准焊接设备，同时导电件还起到横向汇流的作用，减少了载流子在电极之间的横向传输损耗，提高了电池的填充因子。As shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 , the back contact solar cell string provided by the embodiment includes a back contact solar cell and a conductive member for back contact solar cell electrical connection, and the back surface of the back contact solar cell includes alternating Arranged emitter p+ region 10 and base n+ region 11, emitter p+ region 10 is provided with emitter contact electrode 20, and base n+ region 11 is provided with base contact electrode 21. The back surface of the back contact solar cell further includes an emitter insulating barrier layer 30 disposed on the emitter contact electrode 20 and a base insulating barrier layer 31 disposed on the base contact electrode 21 adjacent to the solar cell. The emitter contact electrode 20 and the base contact electrode 21 are electrically connected by a conductive member, and the conductive member is a metal conductive strip 41 and a strip-shaped conductive paste 40 disposed on the metal conductive strip 41. The back contact solar cell string of the embodiment has high conversion efficiency, no soldering, and reduces production cost. The above-mentioned back contact solar cell string realizes the metallization process of the back contact solar cell by screen printing technology, simplifies the process flow, and does not need to introduce new metallization equipment on the existing production line; Welding to achieve the series connection between the batteries, the operation is simple, high-precision alignment welding equipment is not required, and the conductive members also play a role of lateral convergence, reducing lateral transmission loss of carriers between the electrodes, and improving the battery Fill factor.
优选地，背接触太阳能电池是6寸电池片等间距切割成的2-6片窄条状背接触太阳能电池，窄条状背接触太阳能电池的宽为20mm-80mm，优选为26mm-78mm，长度为156-162mm，由于采用非整片的窄条状电池进行串连，降低了组件的短路电流从而显著地降低了组件封装损耗。Preferably, the back contact solar cell is a 6-inch strip-shaped back contact solar cell cut into 6-inch cells at equal intervals, and the strip-shaped back contact solar cell has a width of 20 mm to 80 mm, preferably 26 mm to 78 mm, and a length. The 156-162mm, due to the use of a non-whole strip of narrow-cell battery for series connection, reduces the short-circuit current of the component and significantly reduces component package loss.
进一步优选，背接触太阳能电池的前表面设置有钝化减反膜，背接触太阳能电池的背表面设置有钝化膜。背接触太阳能电池的电阻率为1-30Ω·cm，厚度为50-300μm。发射极p+区域10的宽度为200-3000μm，基极n+区域11的宽度为100-1000μm；发射极绝缘阻挡层30的宽度大于或等于发射极p+区域10的宽度，基极绝缘阻挡层31的宽度大于或等于基极n+区域11的宽度。发射极接触电极20为银铝合金电极，基极接触电极21为银电极；背接触太阳能电池是背接触N型单晶硅太阳能电池；发射极p+区域10和基极n+区域11呈长窄条状相间分布于太阳能电池基体上。发射极绝缘阻挡层30和基极绝缘阻挡层31分别设置在窄条状背接触太阳能电池的边缘，相邻背接触太阳能电池的发射极接触电极20通过发射极绝缘阻挡层30实现绝缘，相邻背接触太阳能电池的基极接触电极21通过基极绝缘阻挡层31实现绝缘。Further preferably, the front surface of the back contact solar cell is provided with a passivation anti-reflection film, and the back surface of the back contact solar cell is provided with a passivation film. The back contact solar cell has a resistivity of 1 to 30 Ω·cm and a thickness of 50 to 300 μm. The width of the emitter p+ region 10 is 200-3000 μm, the width of the base n+ region 11 is 100-1000 μm; the width of the emitter insulating barrier layer 30 is greater than or equal to the width of the emitter p+ region 10, and the base insulating barrier layer 31 The width is greater than or equal to the width of the base n+ region 11. The emitter contact electrode 20 is a silver aluminum alloy electrode, the base contact electrode 21 is a silver electrode, the back contact solar cell is a back contact N type single crystal silicon solar cell, and the emitter p+ region 10 and the base n+ region 11 are long and narrow strips. The phases are distributed on the solar cell substrate. The emitter insulating barrier layer 30 and the base insulating barrier layer 31 are respectively disposed at edges of the strip-shaped back contact solar cells, and the emitter contact electrodes 20 of the adjacent back contact solar cells are insulated by the emitter insulating barrier layer 30, adjacent The base contact electrode 21 of the back contact solar cell is insulated by the base insulating barrier layer 31.
本实施例的一种背接触太阳能电池串的制备方法，包括以下步骤： The method for preparing a back contact solar cell string of the embodiment includes the following steps:
(1)、制备发射极p+区域10和基极n+区域11相互交替排列在硅片背表面的背接触太阳能电池，本实施例选用N型单晶硅基体，电阻率为1-30Ω·cm，厚度为50-300μm，N型晶体硅基体使用前先经表面制绒处理，然后利用扩散或离子注入、掩膜、刻蚀等技术实现电池发射极p+区域10和基极n+区域11相互交替排列在电池背表面。再利用氧化硅，氮化硅和氧化铝等介质膜进行电池背表面的钝化和前表面的钝化及光学减反，从而形成所需要的发射极p+区域10和基极n+区域11相互交替排列在硅片背表面的太阳能电池，其中每列发射极p+区域10的宽度为200-3000μm，基极n+区域11的宽度为100-2000μm。通过印刷金属浆料形成与发射极p+区域10和基极n+区域11相欧姆接触的金属电极(细栅线)，其中与发射极p+区域10相接触的发射极接触电极20为银铝合金电极，与基极n+区域11相接触的基极接触电极21为银电极，该两种金属电极通过丝网印刷的方式分别印刷在硅片背表面发射极p+区域10和基极n+区域11，电极的宽度不能超过其所在掺杂区域的宽度，印刷结束后经一次烧结形成欧姆接触，烧结温度为300-1200℃。完成后的电池背表面结构如图1所示。(1) preparing a back contact solar cell in which the emitter p+ region 10 and the base n+ region 11 are alternately arranged on the back surface of the silicon wafer. In this embodiment, an N-type single crystal silicon substrate is selected, and the resistivity is 1-30 Ω·cm. The thickness is 50-300μm, and the N-type crystalline silicon substrate is subjected to surface texturing treatment before use, and then the cell emitter p+ region 10 and the base n+ region 11 are alternately arranged by diffusion or ion implantation, masking, etching, and the like. On the back surface of the battery. The dielectric film of silicon oxide, silicon nitride and aluminum oxide is used to passivate the back surface of the battery and passivate and optically reduce the front surface, thereby forming the desired emitter p+ region 10 and the base n+ region 11 alternately. A solar cell arranged on the back surface of the silicon wafer, wherein each column of the emitter p+ region 10 has a width of 200 to 3000 μm, and the base n+ region 11 has a width of 100 to 2000 μm. A metal electrode (fine gate line) which is in ohmic contact with the emitter p+ region 10 and the base n+ region 11 is formed by printing a metal paste, wherein the emitter contact electrode 20 in contact with the emitter p+ region 10 is a silver aluminum alloy electrode The base contact electrode 21 in contact with the base n+ region 11 is a silver electrode, and the two metal electrodes are respectively printed on the back surface of the silicon wafer by the emitter p+ region 10 and the base n+ region 11 by screen printing. The width of the doped region cannot exceed the width of the doped region, and an ohmic contact is formed by one sintering after the end of printing, and the sintering temperature is 300-1200 °C. The completed battery back surface structure is shown in Figure 1.
(2)、如图2所示，在电极表面利用丝网印刷技术选择性地覆盖绝缘阻挡层以实现发射极接触电极20和基极接触电极21的选择性绝缘，绝缘阻挡层的宽度不超过其所在掺杂区域的宽度，印刷结束后经烘干处理，烘干温度为100-600℃，从而实现发射极接触电极20和基极接触电极21的选择性绝缘，完成背接触太阳能电池基体的制作。(2) As shown in FIG. 2, the insulating barrier layer is selectively covered on the surface of the electrode by screen printing technology to achieve selective insulation of the emitter contact electrode 20 and the base contact electrode 21, and the width of the insulating barrier layer does not exceed The width of the doped region is dried after the printing, and the drying temperature is 100-600 ° C, thereby achieving selective insulation of the emitter contact electrode 20 and the base contact electrode 21, and completing the back contact solar cell substrate. Production.
丝网印刷形成的绝缘阻挡层包括设置在发射极接触电极20上的发射极绝缘阻挡层30和设置在基极接触电极21上的基极绝缘阻挡层31，发射极绝缘阻挡层30和基极绝缘阻挡层31呈列状分布，列状的发射极绝缘阻挡层30和列状的基极绝缘阻挡层31所在的列垂直于长条状的发射极p+区域和长条状的基极n+区域；每列发射极绝缘阻挡层30覆盖发射极接触电极20，不覆盖基极接触电极21；每列基极绝缘阻挡层31覆盖基极接触电极21，不覆盖发射极接触电极20。发射极绝缘阻挡层30的宽度大于或等于发射极p+区域10的宽度，基极 绝缘阻挡层31的宽度大于或等于基极n+区域11的宽度。The insulating barrier layer formed by screen printing includes an emitter insulating barrier layer 30 disposed on the emitter contact electrode 20 and a base insulating barrier layer 31 disposed on the base contact electrode 21, an emitter insulating barrier layer 30 and a base The insulating barrier layers 31 are arranged in a column, and the columns of the columnar emitter insulating barrier layer 30 and the columnar base insulating barrier layer 31 are perpendicular to the elongated emitter p+ region and the elongated base n+ region. Each column of the emitter insulating barrier layer 30 covers the emitter contact electrode 20 and does not cover the base contact electrode 21; each column of the base insulating barrier layer 31 covers the base contact electrode 21 and does not cover the emitter contact electrode 20. The width of the emitter insulating barrier layer 30 is greater than or equal to the width of the emitter p+ region 10, the base The width of the insulating barrier layer 31 is greater than or equal to the width of the base n+ region 11.
优选地，可以在整块太阳能电池上印刷多列绝缘阻挡层，可以如图2所示的印刷两列发射极绝缘阻挡层30和一列基极绝缘阻挡层31，可以切割为两块窄条状背接触电池。也可以印刷三列发射极绝缘阻挡层30和两列基极绝缘阻挡层31，可以切割为四块窄条状背接触电池。具体数量可以根据生产实际情况调整。Preferably, a plurality of columns of insulating barrier layers can be printed on the entire solar cell, and two columns of emitter insulating barrier layers 30 and a column of base insulating barrier layers 31 can be printed as shown in FIG. 2, which can be cut into two narrow strips. Back contact battery. It is also possible to print three columns of emitter insulating barrier layers 30 and two columns of base insulating barrier layers 31, which can be cut into four narrow strip-shaped back contact cells. The specific quantity can be adjusted according to the actual production situation.
(3)、如图3所示，本实施例优选印刷两列发射极绝缘阻挡层30和一列基极绝缘阻挡层31的背接触电池，使用切割装置沿基极绝缘阻挡层31中心将背接触太阳能电池基体对称切割成两片窄条状背接触电池，电池的尺寸为156mm*156mm，切割后的窄条状背接触电池的宽为78mm。(3) As shown in FIG. 3, this embodiment preferably prints a back contact battery of two columns of emitter insulating barrier layers 30 and a column of base insulating barrier layers 31, which are back-contacted along the center of the base insulating barrier layer 31 using a cutting device. The solar cell substrate is symmetrically cut into two strip-shaped back contact batteries, the size of the battery is 156 mm * 156 mm, and the width of the strip-shaped back contact battery after cutting is 78 mm.
(4)、将窄条状背接触电池按照图4所示进行排列，然后在相邻电池交接处铺设导电件，导电件包括金属导电条41和设置在金属导电条41上的导电胶40(如图5所示)，使得相邻电池的发射极接触电极20和基极接触电极21通过导电件电连接(连接后的示意图如图6所示)。金属导电条41的材料可以为铜或铝或其他导电材质。金属导电条41可显著降低串接电阻减少串接损耗。至此，即完成本发明背接触太阳能电池串的制备。(4) Arranging the strip-shaped back contact batteries according to FIG. 4, and then laying a conductive member at the intersection of adjacent batteries, the conductive member including the metal conductive strip 41 and the conductive adhesive 40 disposed on the metal conductive strip 41 ( As shown in FIG. 5, the emitter contact electrode 20 and the base contact electrode 21 of the adjacent cells are electrically connected by a conductive member (a schematic view after connection is shown in FIG. 6). The material of the metal conductive strip 41 may be copper or aluminum or other conductive material. The metal conductive strip 41 can significantly reduce the series resistance and reduce the series loss. To this end, the preparation of the back contact solar cell string of the present invention is completed.
本实施例还提供了一种太阳能电池组件，包括太阳能电池串，太阳能电池串为上述的背接触太阳能电池串。The embodiment further provides a solar cell module comprising a solar cell string, wherein the solar cell string is the above-mentioned back contact solar cell string.
本实施例还提供了一种太阳能电池***，包括一个以上的太阳能电池组件，太阳能电池组件是上述的太阳能电池组件。The embodiment further provides a solar cell system comprising more than one solar cell module, the solar cell module being the solar cell module described above.
最后应当说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对本发明保护范围的限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细地说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。 It should be noted that the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand The technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or equivalently substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (13)

  1. 一种背接触太阳能电池串，包括背接触太阳能电池和用于背接触太阳能电池电连接的导电件，所述背接触太阳能电池的背表面包括相互交替排列的发射极p+区域和基极n+区域，所述发射极p+区域设置有发射极接触电极，所述基极n+区域设置有基极接触电极，其特征在于：所述背接触太阳能电池的背表面还包括设置在发射极接触电极上的发射极绝缘阻挡层和设置在基极接触电极上的基极绝缘阻挡层，所述背接触太阳能电池的发射极接触电极与相邻背接触太阳能电池的基极接触电极通过导电件电连接。A back contact solar cell string comprising a back contact solar cell and a conductive member for back contact solar cell electrical connection, the back surface of the back contact solar cell comprising an emitter p+ region and a base n+ region alternately arranged, The emitter p+ region is provided with an emitter contact electrode, and the base n+ region is provided with a base contact electrode, wherein the back surface of the back contact solar cell further comprises an emission disposed on the emitter contact electrode a pole insulating barrier layer and a base insulating barrier layer disposed on the base contact electrode, the emitter contact electrode of the back contact solar cell and the base contact electrode of the adjacent back contact solar cell being electrically connected by a conductive member.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于：所述导电件是金属导电条和设置在金属导电条上的导电胶。The back contact solar cell string according to claim 1, wherein the conductive member is a metal conductive strip and a conductive paste disposed on the metal conductive strip.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于：所述背接触太阳能电池的电阻率为1-30Ω·cm，厚度为50-300μm；所述发射极p+区域和所述基极n+区域呈长条状相间分布于太阳能电池基体背表面，发射极p+区域和基极n+区域上还设置有介质钝化层，用于电池背表面的钝化。The back contact solar cell string according to claim 1, wherein the back contact solar cell has a resistivity of 1-30 Ω·cm and a thickness of 50-300 μm; the emitter p+ region and the The base n+ region is distributed in a strip shape on the back surface of the solar cell substrate, and a dielectric passivation layer is further disposed on the emitter p+ region and the base n+ region for passivation of the back surface of the battery.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于：所述发射极p+区域的宽度为200-3000μm，所述基极n+区域的宽度为100-1000μm；所述发射极绝缘阻挡层的宽度大于或等于发射极p+区域的宽度，所述基极绝缘阻挡层的宽度大于或等于基极n+区域的宽度。A back contact solar cell string according to claim 1, wherein said emitter p+ region has a width of 200-3000 μm, said base n+ region has a width of 100-1000 μm; said emitter insulation The width of the barrier layer is greater than or equal to the width of the emitter p+ region, and the width of the base insulating barrier layer is greater than or equal to the width of the base n+ region.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于：背接触太阳能电池是将电池片等间距切割后的窄条状背接触太阳能电池，窄条状背接触太阳能电池的宽为20mm-80mm。The back contact solar cell string according to claim 1, wherein the back contact solar cell is a narrow strip back contact solar cell after the cell slices are equally spaced, and the width of the narrow strip back contact solar cell is 20mm-80mm.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于：所述发射极接触电极为银铝合金电极，所述基极接触电极为银电极；所述背接触太阳能电池是背接触N型单晶硅太阳能电池。The back contact solar cell string according to claim 1, wherein the emitter contact electrode is a silver aluminum alloy electrode, the base contact electrode is a silver electrode; and the back contact solar cell is a back contact N-type monocrystalline silicon solar cells.
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一所述的一种背接触太阳能电池串，其特征在于：所述发射极绝缘阻挡层和所述基极绝缘阻挡层分别设置在背接触太阳能电池的 边缘，相邻背接触太阳能电池的发射极接触电极通过发射极绝缘阻挡层实现绝缘，相邻背接触太阳能电池的基极接触电极通过基极绝缘阻挡层实现绝缘。A back contact solar cell string according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the emitter insulating barrier layer and the base insulating barrier layer are respectively disposed on the back contact solar cell. The edge, the emitter contact electrode of the adjacent back contact solar cell is insulated by the emitter insulating barrier layer, and the base contact electrode of the adjacent back contact solar cell is insulated by the base insulating barrier layer.
  8. 一种背接触太阳能电池串的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：A method for preparing a back contact solar cell string, comprising: the following steps:
    (1)、在太阳能电池基体的背表面形成相互交替排列的发射极p+区域和基极n+区域，利用丝网印刷技术在发射极p+区域和基极n+区域印刷金属浆料，烧结后形成与发射极p+区域相接触的发射极接触电极，与基极n+区域相接触的基极接触电极；(1) forming an emitter p+ region and a base n+ region alternately arranged on the back surface of the solar cell substrate, and printing a metal paste in the emitter p+ region and the base n+ region by screen printing technology, and forming and forming after sintering An emitter contact electrode in contact with the emitter p+ region, and a base contact electrode in contact with the base n+ region;
    (2)、利用丝网印刷技术将绝缘浆料交替印刷在发射极接触电极和基极接触电极的表面，烘干后形成发射极绝缘阻挡层和基极绝缘阻挡层；(2) using an screen printing technique to alternately print the insulating paste on the surface of the emitter contact electrode and the base contact electrode, and after drying, form an emitter insulating barrier layer and a base insulating barrier layer;
    (3)、沿绝缘阻挡层中心将背接触太阳能电池基体切割成多片窄条状背接触电池；(3) cutting the back contact solar cell substrate into a plurality of narrow strip-shaped back contact batteries along the center of the insulating barrier layer;
    (4)、将窄条状背接触电池按规则排列，在相邻电池交界处铺设导电件，使得相邻背接触太阳能电池的发射极接触电极与基极接触电极通过导电件电连接，形成背接触太阳能电池串。(4) arranging the strip-shaped back contact batteries in a regular manner, laying conductive members at the junction of adjacent batteries, so that the emitter contact electrodes of the adjacent back contact solar cells and the base contact electrodes are electrically connected through the conductive members to form a back Contact the solar cell string.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种背接触太阳能电池串的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(1)中，太阳能电池基体为N型单晶硅基体，金属浆料的烧结温度为300-1200℃。The method for preparing a back contact solar cell string according to claim 8, wherein in the step (1), the solar cell substrate is an N-type single crystal silicon substrate, and the sintering temperature of the metal paste is 300-1200 ° C. .
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的一种背接触太阳能电池串的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(2)中，发射极绝缘阻挡层和基极绝缘阻挡层呈列状分布，每列发射极绝缘阻挡层覆盖发射极接触电极，不覆盖基极接触电极；每列基极绝缘阻挡层覆盖基极接触电极，不覆盖发射极接触电极。The method for preparing a back contact solar cell string according to claim 8, wherein in the step (2), the emitter insulating barrier layer and the base insulating barrier layer are arranged in a column shape, and each column of the emitter insulating barrier is arranged. The layer covers the emitter contact electrode and does not cover the base contact electrode; each column of the base insulating barrier covers the base contact electrode and does not cover the emitter contact electrode.
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的一种背接触太阳能电池串的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(2)中，在太阳能电池基体上印刷有两列发射极绝缘阻挡层和一列基极绝缘阻挡层，或者印刷有三列发射极绝缘阻挡层和两列基极绝缘阻挡层。The method for preparing a back contact solar cell string according to claim 8, wherein in the step (2), two columns of emitter insulating barrier layers and a column of base insulating barrier layers are printed on the solar cell substrate. Or printed with three columns of emitter insulating barrier and two columns of base insulating barrier.
  12. 一种太阳能电池组件，包括太阳能电池串，其特征在于：所述太阳能电池串为权利要求1-7任一所述的背接触太阳能电池串。 A solar cell module comprising a solar cell string, characterized in that the solar cell string is the back contact solar cell string of any one of claims 1-7.
  13. 一种太阳能电池***，包括一个以上的太阳能电池组件，其特征在于：所述太阳能电池组件是权利要求12所述的太阳能电池组件。 A solar cell system comprising more than one solar cell module, characterized in that the solar cell module is the solar cell module of claim 12.
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