WO2018018597A1 - 一种自动探测和规避障碍物的机器人、***及方法 - Google Patents

一种自动探测和规避障碍物的机器人、***及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018018597A1
WO2018018597A1 PCT/CN2016/092241 CN2016092241W WO2018018597A1 WO 2018018597 A1 WO2018018597 A1 WO 2018018597A1 CN 2016092241 W CN2016092241 W CN 2016092241W WO 2018018597 A1 WO2018018597 A1 WO 2018018597A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
robot
speed
obstacle
distance value
distance
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PCT/CN2016/092241
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
苏明珠
林华山
覃国秘
刘波
陈阳
李万建
钟志威
韩仲亮
Original Assignee
深圳市赛亿科技开发有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市赛亿科技开发有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市赛亿科技开发有限公司
Priority to CN201680056159.2A priority Critical patent/CN108136579A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2016/092241 priority patent/WO2018018597A1/zh
Publication of WO2018018597A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018018597A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/16Programme controls
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/02Control of position or course in two dimensions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of robot technology, and in particular, to a robot, system and method for automatically detecting and evading obstacles.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a system and method for automatically detecting and evading obstacles.
  • a system for automatically detecting and evading obstacles including: robots, obstacles;
  • the robot includes: a speed output module, a sensor detection module, and a control module;
  • the speed output module is connected to the control module for detecting a speed at which the robot travels;
  • the sensor detecting module is connected to the control module, and is configured to detect a distance between the robot and the obstacle, and sort the distance value, and the first distance value of the obstacle is sorted as The first distance value and the second closest distance value are sorted into a second distance value, and the calculation parameters of the movement speed and the movement direction of the obstacle are obtained according to the detected speed of the robot traveling and the first distance value;
  • the control module is configured to read, according to a fixed frequency, a calculation parameter obtained by the sensor detection module, a speed parameter value of the detected speed of the robot traveling, according to the read calculation parameter and the speed a parameter value, combined with a triangle formula, calculating a moving speed and direction of the obstacle, and determining whether the obstacle collides with the robot, and when it is determined that the robot will collide with the obstacle, the control center
  • the speed output module adjusts the speed at which the robot travels to circumvent the obstacle;
  • the speed output module is further configured to adjust a speed of the robot to adjust the obstacle according to the control of the control module.
  • the speed output module includes: a first driving wheel, a second driving wheel, a first servo motor, a second servo motor, and a speed sensor;
  • the first driving wheel is coaxial with the second driving wheel and connected to the first servo motor;
  • the second driving wheel is connected to the second servo motor
  • the first servo motor is configured to rotate to drive the rotation of the first driving wheel, thereby driving the robot to travel;
  • the second servo motor is configured to rotate to drive the rotation of the second driving wheel, thereby driving the robot to travel;
  • a difference in rotation speed between the first servo motor and the second servo motor rotates to generate a speed difference between the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel, thereby enabling the robot to achieve steering;
  • the speed sensor is configured to detect the speed at which the robot travels, and adjust the speed of the robot to adjust to avoid obstacles according to the control of the control module.
  • the angular velocity of the steering of the robot is proportional to the difference in rotational speed between the first servo motor and the second servo motor, and inversely proportional to the distance between the first drive wheel and the second drive wheel.
  • the sensor detecting module includes: an ultrasonic sensor and an infrared sensor;
  • the ultrasonic sensor and the infrared sensor are distributed on a 360-degree circular arc in a horizontal direction on the robot, and the ultrasonic sensor is distributed at equal arc intervals on a 360-degree circular arc in the horizontal direction, and the infrared sensor is distributed. Located at an intermediate arc point of two adjacent ultrasonic sensors.
  • the infrared sensor is configured to detect a distance between the robot and the obstacle, and sort the distance value, and The first closest distance value of the obstacle is sorted into a first distance value, and the second closest distance value is sorted into a second distance value, and the motion speed and motion of the obstacle are obtained according to the detected speed of the robot traveling and the first distance value.
  • the calculation parameters of the direction when the sensor detecting module detects that the distance between the robot and the obstacle is less than a preset value, the infrared sensor is configured to detect a distance between the robot and the obstacle, and sort the distance value, and The first closest distance value of the obstacle is sorted into a first distance value, and the second closest distance value is sorted into a second distance value, and the motion speed and motion of the obstacle are obtained according to the detected speed of the robot traveling and the first distance value.
  • the calculation parameters of the direction when the sensor detecting module detects that the distance between the robot and the obstacle is less than a preset value, the infrared sensor is configured to detect a
  • the ultrasonic sensor is configured to detect a distance between the robot and the obstacle, and sort the distance value, and The first closest distance value of the obstacle is sorted into a first distance value, and the second closest distance value is sorted into a second distance value, and the motion speed and motion of the obstacle are obtained according to the detected speed of the robot traveling and the first distance value.
  • the calculation parameters of the direction are configured to calculate the speed of the robot traveling and the first distance value.
  • the preset value includes: 0.4 m.
  • the ultrasonic sensor comprises nine.
  • the control module includes: a microprocessor
  • the microprocessor is configured to read, according to a fixed frequency, a calculation parameter obtained by the sensor detection module, and a speed parameter value of the detected speed of the robot traveling.
  • the speed parameter value of the speed includes a first period speed parameter value
  • the detected distance between the robot and the obstacle includes a first period first distance value, a first period second distance value, and in the second time period
  • the detected The speed parameter value of the speed at which the robot travels includes a second period speed parameter value
  • the detected distance between the robot and the obstacle includes a second period first distance value, a second period second distance value, and the first detected
  • the distance between the first sensor detecting module applied in the time period and the second sensor detecting module applied in the second time period is a first pitch distance value, according to the first period first distance value, the first period second distance value, a first pitch distance value, combined with a triangle formula, and a first distance value according to the second period, a second period second distance value, and a first pitch distance And combined with the triangle
  • the invention also provides a method for automatically detecting and evading obstacles, comprising:
  • the robot comprising: a speed output module, a sensor detection module, and a control module;
  • the speed output module detects a speed at which the robot travels
  • the control module reads the calculation parameter obtained by the sensor detection module and the speed parameter value of the detected speed of the robot travel according to a fixed frequency, according to the read calculation parameter and the speed parameter value, and combine The triangle formula calculates the moving speed and direction of the obstacle, and determines whether the obstacle will collide with the robot. When it is determined that the robot will collide with the obstacle, the speed output module adjusts the speed of the robot to avoid obstacles. .
  • the invention provides a system for automatically detecting and evading obstacles, including a robot and an obstacle; a robot, comprising a speed output module, a sensor detecting module and a control module; a speed output module detecting a speed of the robot traveling; a sensor detecting module, detecting the robot and the obstacle
  • the detecting module obtains the calculation parameters of the movement speed and the movement direction of the obstacle according to the detected speed of the robot and the first distance value;
  • the control module reads the calculation parameters obtained by the sensor detection module according to the fixed frequency, and reads the sensor detection.
  • the speed parameter value of the speed of the robot travel detected by the module calculate the moving speed and direction of the obstacle, and determine whether the obstacle will be
  • the robot hits, when it is judged that the robot will collide with the obstacle Control module adjusts the speed of the output speed of the robot travels to circumvent obstacles to achieve the realization of the traveling robot can automatically detect and avoid moving obstacles, low cost, high degree of automation, easy to spread.
  • the invention provides a method for automatically detecting and evading an obstacle, comprising providing a robot and providing an obstacle, the robot comprising: a speed output module, a sensor detecting module, a control module; a speed output module detecting a speed of the robot traveling; and a sensor detecting module detecting a distance between the robot and the obstacle, and sorting the distance value, the value of the minimum distance from the obstacle, that is, the first closest distance value is sorted into a first distance value, and the second near distance value is sorted into a second distance
  • the sensor detecting module obtains the calculation parameter of the moving speed and the moving direction of the obstacle according to the detected speed of the robot and the first distance value; the control module reads the calculated parameter obtained by the sensor detecting module according to the fixed frequency, and reads Taking the speed parameter value of the speed of the robot traveling detected by the sensor detecting module, calculating the moving speed and direction of the obstacle according to the calculated calculating parameter and the speed parameter value, and combining the triangle formula, and determining the obstacle Will it
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a robot for automatically detecting and evading an obstacle according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for automatically detecting and evading obstacles according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for automatically detecting and evading obstacles according to the present invention.
  • the invention provides a system and method for automatically detecting and evading obstacles, and is applied to the field of robot technology, wherein the robot comprises a speed output module, a sensor detection module and a control module; the speed output module detects the speed of the robot traveling; the sensor detection module detects the robot a distance from the obstacle and sorting the distance value, the value of the minimum distance from the obstacle, that is, the first closest distance value is sorted into a first distance value, and the second closest distance value is sorted into a second distance value
  • the sensor detecting module obtains the calculation parameter of the moving speed and the moving direction of the obstacle according to the detected speed of the robot and the first distance value; the control module reads the calculated parameter obtained by the sensor detecting module according to the fixed frequency, and reads
  • the present invention provides a robot that automatically detects and evades obstacles.
  • the robot 10 for automatically detecting and evading obstacles includes: a speed output module 101, a sensor detecting module 102, and a control module 103;
  • the speed output module 101 is connected to the control module 103, and includes: a first driving wheel 1011, a second driving wheel 1012, a first servo motor 1013, a second servo motor 1014, and a speed sensor 1015;
  • the first driving wheel 1011 is coaxial with the second driving wheel 1012 and connected to the first servo motor 1013;
  • the second driving wheel 1012 is coaxial with the first driving wheel 1011 and connected to the second servo motor 1014;
  • the first servo motor 1013 is connected to the first driving wheel 1011 for rotating to drive the rotation of the first driving wheel 1011, thereby driving the robot 10 to travel;
  • the second servo motor 1014 is connected to the second driving wheel 1012 for rotating to drive the rotation of the second driving wheel 1012, thereby driving the robot 10 to travel;
  • the difference in rotational speed between the first servo motor 1013 and the second servo motor 1014 causes the first drive wheel 1011 and the second drive wheel 1012 to rotate to generate a speed difference, thereby causing the robot 10 to achieve steering;
  • the angular velocity of the steering of the robot 10 is proportional to the difference in rotational speed between the first servo motor 1013 and the second servo motor 1014, and inversely proportional to the distance between the first drive wheel 1011 and the second drive wheel 1012;
  • a speed sensor 1015 for detecting the speed at which the robot 10 travels
  • the sensor detecting module 102 is connected to the control module 103, and includes: an ultrasonic sensor 1021 and an infrared sensor 1022;
  • the ultrasonic sensor 1021 and the infrared sensor 1022 are distributed on the robot 10 in a horizontal arc of 360 degrees. Since the ultrasonic sensor 1021 has an incident angle greater than 40 degrees, a large error is caused in the detection result, and the ultrasonic sensor 1021 has 0. - 0.4m detection blind zone, therefore, there are 9 ultrasonic sensors 1021, distributed in equal arc spacing on a 360-degree arc in the horizontal direction, and an infrared sensor 1022 on the middle arc point of each two ultrasonic sensors 1021.
  • the effective detection accuracy range of the infrared sensor 1022 includes between 0.1 and 0.4 m, and when the sensor detecting module 102 detects that the obstacle is at a distance of 0.4 m, the ultrasonic sensor 1021 The detected value is a valid detection value. When the sensor detecting module 102 detects that the distance of the obstacle is less than 0.4 m, the value detected by the infrared sensor 1022 is a valid detection value;
  • the ultrasonic sensor 1021 detects the distance between the obstacle and the robot 10, and sorts the distance value, and the minimum distance from the obstacle is the first closest distance. The value is sorted into a first distance value, and the second closest distance value is sorted into a second distance value.
  • the ultrasonic sensor 1021 obtains the speed and motion of the obstacle according to the speed of the robot 10 and the first distance value detected by the speed sensor 1015.
  • the control module 103 is connected to the speed output module 101 and the sensor detecting module 102, respectively, and includes: a microprocessor 1031;
  • the microprocessor 1031 reads the calculation parameter obtained by the ultrasonic sensor 1021 and the speed parameter value of the speed of the robot 10 detected by the reading speed sensor 1015 at a fixed frequency, assuming that the read speed parameter value is V, and The L1 of the first distance value and the L2 of the second distance value detected by the ultrasonic sensor 1021, the robot 10 still travels at the speed of V when reading the next first distance value and the second distance value; After the read cycle, the first distance value read by the microprocessor 1031 is L11 and the second distance value L21, and the number of the ultrasonic sensor 1021 detected twice before and after is recorded, and the two control is assumed.
  • the distance between the ultrasonic sensors 1021 is 1, the period read by the microprocessor 1031 is t; the triangles formed by L1, L2, and l are compared with the L11, L21, l, and V and t, respectively, and combined with the corresponding
  • the formula of the triangle can calculate the moving speed and direction of the obstacle, and determine whether the obstacle will collide with the robot 10. When it is judged that the robot will collide with the obstacle, the speed is controlled.
  • the controller 1015 adjusts the speed of the robot 10 to avoid obstacles.
  • the ultrasonic sensor 1021 detects that the first distance value is less than 0.4 m
  • the calculation parameter of the infrared sensor 1022 is used as the first distance value and the second distance value, and is calculated according to The above calculation method performs calculation and judgment operations;
  • the speed output module 101 is further configured to adjust the speed at which the robot 10 travels according to the control of the microprocessor 1031 to evade obstacles.
  • the present invention also provides a system for automatically detecting and evading obstacles.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for automatically detecting and evading obstacles according to the present invention.
  • the system 20 for automatically detecting and evading obstacles includes: a robot 201 and an obstacle 202;
  • the robot 201 includes: a speed output module 2011, a sensor detection module 2012, and a control module 2013;
  • the speed output module 2011 is connected to the control module 2013 for detecting the speed at which the robot 201 travels;
  • the sensor detecting module 2012 is connected to the control module 2013 for detecting the distance between the robot 201 and the obstacle 202, and sorting the distance value, and the value of the minimum distance from the obstacle 202 is the first closest distance value. Sorting the first distance value and the second closest distance value into a second distance value, the sensor detecting module 2012 obtains the moving speed and the moving direction of the obstacle 202 according to the detected speed of the robot 201 and the first distance value. Calculation parameter
  • the control module 2013 is connected to the speed output module 2011 and the sensor detection module 2012, respectively, and reads the calculation parameters obtained by the sensor detection module 2012 according to a fixed frequency, and reads the speed of the speed of the robot 201 detected by the sensor detection module 2012.
  • the parameter value according to the read calculation parameter and the speed parameter value, combined with the triangle formula, calculate the moving speed and direction of the obstacle 202, and determine whether the obstacle 202 will collide with the robot 201, when judging When the robot 201 collides with the obstacle 202, the control speed output module 2011 adjusts the speed at which the robot 201 travels to evade the obstacle 202;
  • the speed output module 2011 is further configured to adjust the speed at which the robot 201 travels according to the control of the control module 2013 to evade the obstacle 202.
  • the structure, function, and the like of the robot 20 are the same as those of the robot 10 for automatically detecting and evading obstacles shown in FIG. 1 and will not be described herein.
  • the structure, function, and the like of the speed output module 2011 are the same as those of the speed output module 101 shown in FIG. 1 and will not be described herein.
  • the structure, function, and the like of the sensor detecting module 2012 are the same as those of the sensor detecting module 102 shown in FIG. 1 and will not be described herein.
  • control module 2013 The structure, function, and the like of the control module 2013 are the same as those of the control module 103 shown in FIG. 1 and will not be described herein.
  • the present invention further provides a method of automatically detecting and evading obstacles.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for automatically detecting and evading an obstacle according to the present invention.
  • the method for automatically detecting and evading an obstacle according to the present invention includes:
  • the robot includes: a speed output module, a sensor detection module, and a control module;
  • the speed output module detects the speed at which the robot travels
  • the control module reads the calculation parameter obtained by the sensor detection module according to a fixed frequency, and reads a speed parameter value of the speed of the robot travel detected by the sensor detection module, according to the read calculation parameter and the speed parameter value. Combined with the triangle formula, the moving speed and direction of the obstacle are calculated, and it is judged whether the obstacle will collide with the robot. When it is judged that the robot will collide with the obstacle, the speed output module adjusts the speed of the robot to avoid the obstacle. obstacle;
  • the speed output module adjusts the speed of the robot to adjust to avoid obstacles according to the control of the control module.
  • the structure, function, and the like of the robot in the method for automatically detecting and evading obstacles of the present invention are the same as those of the robot 10 for automatically detecting and evading obstacles shown in FIG. 1 , and details are not described herein. .
  • the structure, function, and the like of the speed output module in the method for automatically detecting and evading obstacles of the present invention are the same as those of the speed output module 101 shown in FIG. 1 and will not be described herein.
  • the structure and function of the sensor detecting module in the method for automatically detecting and evading obstacles of the present invention are the same as those of the sensor detecting module 102 shown in FIG. 1 and will not be described herein.
  • control module 103 The structure, function, and the like of the control module in the method for automatically detecting and evading obstacles of the present invention are the same as those of the control module 103 shown in FIG. 1, and are not described herein again.
  • the robot 10 for automatically detecting and evading obstacles comprises a speed output module 101, a sensor detecting module 102, and a control module 103;
  • the speed output module 101 detects the speed at which the robot 10 travels;
  • the sensor detecting module 102 detects the robot 10 and the obstacle
  • the distance between the distance values is sorted, and the value of the minimum distance from the obstacle, that is, the first closest distance value is sorted into the first distance value, and the second closest distance value is sorted into the second distance value, and the sensor detects
  • the module 102 obtains the calculation parameters of the movement speed and the movement direction of the obstacle according to the detected speed of the robot 10 and the first distance value;
  • the control module 103 reads the calculation parameters obtained by the sensor detection module 102 according to the fixed frequency, and reads Taking the speed parameter value of the speed of the robot 10 detected by the sensor detecting module 102, calculating the moving speed and direction of the obstacle according to the read calculating parameter and the speed parameter value, and combining the triangle formula, and
  • the system for automatically detecting and evading obstacles includes a robot 201, an obstacle 202, a robot 201, including a speed output module 2011, a sensor detecting module 2012, a control module 2013, and a speed output module 2011 detecting a speed at which the robot 201 travels;
  • the sensor detecting module 2012 detects the distance between the robot 201 and the obstacle 202, and sorts the distance value, and the value of the minimum distance from the obstacle 202, that is, the first closest distance value, is sorted into a first distance value, and a second The near distance value is sorted into a second distance value, and the sensor detecting module 2012 obtains the calculation parameter of the moving speed and the moving direction of the obstacle 202 according to the detected speed of the robot 201 and the first distance value;
  • the control module 2013 is fixed according to The frequency is used to read the calculation parameter obtained by the sensor detection module 2012, read the speed parameter value of the speed of the robot 201 detected by the sensor detection module 2012, according to the read calculation parameter and the speed parameter value, and combine the
  • the invention provides a method for automatically detecting and evading an obstacle, comprising providing a robot and providing an obstacle, the robot comprising: a speed output module, a sensor detecting module, a control module; a speed output module detecting a speed of the robot traveling; and a sensor detecting module detecting a distance between the robot and the obstacle, and sorting the distance value, the value of the minimum distance from the obstacle, that is, the first closest distance value is sorted into a first distance value, and the second near distance value is sorted into a second distance
  • the sensor detecting module obtains the calculation parameter of the moving speed and the moving direction of the obstacle according to the detected speed of the robot and the first distance value; the control module reads the calculated parameter obtained by the sensor detecting module according to the fixed frequency, and reads Taking the speed parameter value of the speed of the robot traveling detected by the sensor detecting module, calculating the moving speed and direction of the obstacle according to the calculated calculating parameter and the speed parameter value, and combining the triangle formula, and determining the obstacle Will it

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
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Abstract

一种自动探测和规避障碍物的***及方法,包括机器人,所述机器人包括速度输出模块(101)用于探测机器人行进的速度;传感器探测模块(102)探测机器人与障碍物的距离,对距离值进行排序,与障碍物第一近的距离排序为第一距离值、第二近的距离为第二距离值,传感器探测模块(102)根据行进的速度和第一距离值,得到障碍物的运动速度和运动方向的计算参数;控制模块(103)根据计算参数和速度参数值,结合三角形公式,计算出障碍物的移动速度和方向,判断障碍物是否会与机器人撞上,判断出机器人会与障碍物撞上时,控制速度输出模块(101)调整机器人行进的速度来规避障碍物,从而达到实现使行进中的机器人能自动探测和规避移动中的障碍物,成本低廉、自动化程度高,易于推广。

Description

一种自动探测和规避障碍物的机器人、***及方法
技术领域
本发明涉及机器人技术领域,尤其涉及一种自动探测和规避障碍物的机器人、***及方法。
背景技术
目前的机器人避障方法大多是通过检测到障碍物的位置,并储存障碍物的坐标点位障碍物的记录点,机器人在移动时根据所记录的障碍点来避开障碍物,专利申请号为201410148490.X公开了一种自移动机器人避障行走方法即为通过记录障碍物点,机器人在行走时避开这些障碍点的方法,障碍物记录方法只能适用于固定的场所固定的障碍物,现有技术还无法实现自动探测和规避移动中的障碍物。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种自动探测和规避障碍物的***及方法。
一种自动探测和规避障碍物的***,包括:机器人、障碍物;
所述机器人,包括:速度输出模块、传感器探测模块、控制模块;
所述速度输出模块,与所述控制模块相连接,用于探测机器人行进的速度;
所述传感器探测模块,与所述控制模块相连接,用于探测机器人与所述障碍物之间的距离,并对所述距离值进行排序,与所述障碍物第一近的距离值排序为第一距离值、第二近的距离值排序为第二距离值,根据探测到的机器人行进的速度和第一距离值,得到所述障碍物的运动速度和运动方向的计算参数;
所述控制模块,用于按照固定的频率来读取所述传感器探测模块得到的计算参数、探测到的机器人行进的速度的速度参数值,根据所述读取的所述计算参数和所述速度参数值,并结合三角形公式,计算出所述障碍物的移动速度和方向,并且判断出所述障碍物是否会与机器人撞上,当判断出机器人会与所述障碍物撞上时,控制所述速度输出模块调整机器人行进的速度来规避所述障碍物;
所述速度输出模块,还用于根据所述控制模块的控制,调整机器人行进的速度来规避所述障碍物。
其中,所述速度输出模块,包括:第一驱动轮、第二驱动轮、第一伺服电机、第二伺服电机、速度传感器;
所述第一驱动轮,与所述第二驱动轮同轴,与所述第一伺服电机相连接;
所述第二驱动轮,与所述第二伺服电机相连接;
所述第一伺服电机,用于转动来驱动所述第一驱动轮的转动,进而带动机器人的行进;
所述第二伺服电机,用于转动来驱动所述第二驱动轮的转动,进而带动机器人的行进;
所述第一伺服电机与所述第二伺服电机转动的转速差,使所述第一驱动轮与所述第二驱动轮转动产生速度差,进而使机器人实现转向;
所述速度传感器,用于探测机器人行进的速度,根据所述控制模块的控制,调整机器人行进的速度来规避障碍物。
其中,所述机器人转向的角速度与所述第一伺服电机与所述第二伺服电机转动的转速差成正比,与所述第一驱动轮与所述第二驱动轮之间的距离成反比。
其中,所述传感器探测模块,包括:超声波传感器、红外线传感器;
所述超声波传感器与所述红外线传感器在机器人上呈一个水平方向上的360度圆弧分布,所述超声波传感器在所述水平方向上的360度圆弧上呈等弧间距分布,所述红外线传感器位于两个相邻的所述超声波传感器的中间圆弧点上。
其中,所述传感器探测模块探测到机器人与障碍物之间的距离小于预设值时,所述红外线传感器,用于探测机器人与障碍物之间的距离,并对所述距离值进行排序,与障碍物第一近的距离值排序为第一距离值、第二近的距离值排序为第二距离值,根据探测到的机器人行进的速度和第一距离值,得到障碍物的运动速度和运动方向的计算参数。
其中,所述传感器探测模块探测到机器人与障碍物之间的距离大于预设值时,所述超声波传感器,用于探测机器人与障碍物之间的距离,并对所述距离值进行排序,与障碍物第一近的距离值排序为第一距离值、第二近的距离值排序为第二距离值,根据探测到的机器人行进的速度和第一距离值,得到障碍物的运动速度和运动方向的计算参数。
其中,所述预设值,包括:0.4m。
其中,所述超声波传感器包括9个。
其中,所述控制模块,包括:微处理器;
所述微处理器,用于按照固定的频率来读取所述传感器探测模块得到的计算参数、探测到的机器人行进的速度的速度参数值,在第一个时间周期,探测到的机器人行进的速度的速度参数值包括第一周期速度参数值,探测到的机器人与障碍物之间的距离包括第一周期第一距离值、第一周期第二距离值,在第二个时间周期,探测到的机器人行进的速度的速度参数值包括第二周期速度参数值,探测到的机器人与障碍物之间的距离包括第二周期第一距离值、第二周期第二距离值,探测到第一个时间周期所应用的第一传感器探测模块和第二个时间周期所应用的第二传感器探测模块的距离为第一间距距离值,根据第一周期第一距离值、第一周期第二距离值、第一间距距离值,并结合三角形公式,和根据第二周期第一距离值、第二周期第二距离值、第一间距距离值,并结合三角形公式,计算出障碍物的移动速度和方向,并且判断出障碍物是否会与机器人撞上,当判断出机器人会与障碍物撞上时,控制所述速度输出模块调整机器人行进的速度来规避障碍物。
本发明还提供了一种自动探测和规避障碍物的方法,包括:
提供机器人、提供障碍物,所述机器人,包括:速度输出模块、传感器探测模块、控制模块;
所述速度输出模块探测机器人行进的速度;
所述传感器探测模块探测机器人与障碍物之间的距离,并对所述距离值进行排序,与障碍物第一近的距离值排序为第一距离值、第二近的距离值排序为第二距离值,根据探测到的机器人行进的速度和第一距离值,得到障碍物的运动速度和运动方向的计算参数;
所述控制模块按照固定的频率来读取传感器探测模块得到的计算参数、探测到的机器人行进的速度的速度参数值,根据所述读取的所述计算参数和所述速度参数值,并结合三角形公式,计算出障碍物的移动速度和方向,并且判断出障碍物是否会与机器人撞上,当判断出机器人会与障碍物撞上时,控制速度输出模块调整机器人行进的速度来规避障碍物。
本发明提供的自动探测和规避障碍物的***,包括机器人、障碍物;机器人,包括速度输出模块、传感器探测模块、控制模块;速度输出模块探测机器人行进的速度;传感器探测模块,探测机器人与障碍物之间的距离,并对该距离值进行排序,与障碍物的最小距离的值即第一近的距离值排序为第一距离值、第二近的距离值排序为第二距离值,传感器探测模块根据探测到的机器人行进的速度和第一距离值,得到障碍物的运动速度和运动方向的计算参数;控制模块按照固定的频率来读取传感器探测模块得到的计算参数、读取传感器探测模块探测到的机器人行进的速度的速度参数值,根据该读取的该计算参数和该速度参数值,并结合三角形公式,计算出障碍物的移动速度和方向,并且判断出障碍物是否会与机器人撞上,当判断出机器人会与障碍物撞上时,控制速度输出模块调整机器人行进的速度来规避障碍物,从而达到实现使行进中的机器人能自动探测和规避移动中的障碍物,成本低廉、自动化程度高,易于推广。
本发明提供的自动探测和规避障碍物的方法,包括提供机器人、提供障碍物,该机器人,包括:速度输出模块、传感器探测模块、控制模块;速度输出模块探测机器人行进的速度;传感器探测模块探测机器人与障碍物之间的距离,并对该距离值进行排序,与障碍物的最小距离的值即第一近的距离值排序为第一距离值、第二近的距离值排序为第二距离值,传感器探测模块根据探测到的机器人行进的速度和第一距离值,得到障碍物的运动速度和运动方向的计算参数;控制模块按照固定的频率来读取传感器探测模块得到的计算参数、读取传感器探测模块探测到的机器人行进的速度的速度参数值,根据该读取的该计算参数和该速度参数值,并结合三角形公式,计算出障碍物的移动速度和方向,并且判断出障碍物是否会与机器人撞上,当判断出机器人会与障碍物撞上时,控制速度输出模块调整机器人行进的速度来规避障碍物,从而达到实现使行进中的机器人能自动探测和规避移动中的障碍物,成本低廉、自动化程度高,易于推广。
附图说明
图1,为本发明自动探测和规避障碍物的机器人的示意图;
图2,为本发明自动探测和规避障碍物的***的示意图;
图3,为本发明自动探测和规避障碍物的方法的示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供一种自动探测和规避障碍物的***及方法,应用于机器人技术领域,其机器人包括速度输出模块、传感器探测模块、控制模块;速度输出模块探测机器人行进的速度;传感器探测模块探测机器人与障碍物之间的距离,并对该距离值进行排序,与障碍物的最小距离的值即第一近的距离值排序为第一距离值、第二近的距离值排序为第二距离值,传感器探测模块根据探测到的机器人行进的速度和第一距离值,得到障碍物的运动速度和运动方向的计算参数;控制模块按照固定的频率来读取传感器探测模块得到的计算参数、读取传感器探测模块探测到的机器人行进的速度的速度参数值,根据该读取的该计算参数和该速度参数值,并结合三角形公式,计算出障碍物的移动速度和方向,并且判断出障碍物是否会与机器人撞上,当判断出机器人会与障碍物撞上时,控制速度输出模块调整机器人行进的速度来规避障碍物,从而达到实现使行进中的机器人能自动探测和规避移动中的障碍物,成本低廉、自动化程度高,易于推广。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
本发明提供一种自动探测和规避障碍物的机器人。
请参见图1,图1为本发明自动探测和规避障碍物的机器人的示意图,本发明自动探测和规避障碍物的机器人10,包括:速度输出模块101、传感器探测模块102、控制模块103;
速度输出模块101,与控制模块103相连接,包括:第一驱动轮1011、第二驱动轮1012、第一伺服电机1013、第二伺服电机1014、速度传感器1015;
第一驱动轮1011,与第二驱动轮1012同轴,与第一伺服电机1013相连接;
第二驱动轮1012,与第一驱动轮1011同轴,与第二伺服电机1014相连接;
第一伺服电机1013,与第一驱动轮1011相连接,用于转动来驱动第一驱动轮1011的转动,进而带动机器人10的行进;
第二伺服电机1014,与第二驱动轮1012相连接,用于转动来驱动第二驱动轮1012的转动,进而带动机器人10的行进;
第一伺服电机1013与第二伺服电机1014转动的转速差,使第一驱动轮1011与第二驱动轮1012转动产生速度差,进而使机器人10实现转向;
机器人10转向的角速度与第一伺服电机1013与第二伺服电机1014转动的转速差成正比,与第一驱动轮1011与第二驱动轮1012之间的距离成反比;
速度传感器1015,用于探测机器人10行进的速度;
传感器探测模块102,与控制模块103相连接,包括:超声波传感器1021、红外线传感器1022;
超声波传感器1021和红外线传感器1022在机器人10上呈一个水平方向上的360度圆弧分布,由于超声波传感器1021在入射角大于40度时,会对探测结果造成较大误差,而且超声波传感器1021存在0-0.4m的探测盲区,因此,超声波传感器1021有9个,在该水平方向上的360度圆弧上呈等弧间距分布,每两个超声波传感器1021的中间圆弧点上有一个红外线传感器1022,以使机器人10能够全方位的探测障碍物;红外线传感器1022的探测有效精度范围包括0.1-0.4m之间,当传感器探测模块102探测到障碍物的距离在0.4m以外时,以超声波传感器1021探测到的值为有效探测值,当传感器探测模块102探测到障碍物的距离小于0.4m时,以红外线传感器1022探测到的值为有效探测值;
当障碍物进入到传感器探测模块102的探测范围时,超声波传感器1021探测到障碍物与机器人10之间的距离,对该距离值进行排序,与障碍物的最小距离的值即第一近的距离值排序为第一距离值、第二近的距离值排序为第二距离值,超声波传感器1021根据速度传感器1015探测到的机器人10行进的速度和第一距离值,得到障碍物的运动速度和运动方向的计算参数;
控制模块103,与速度输出模块101、传感器探测模块102分别相连接,包括:微处理器1031;
微处理器1031,按照固定的频率来读取超声波传感器1021得到的计算参数、读取速度传感器1015探测到的机器人10行进的速度的速度参数值,假设读取到的速度参数值为V,而超声波传感器1021探测到的第一距离值的L1、第二距离值的L2,机器人10在读取到下次的第一距离值、第二距离值时,仍然以V的速度行进;假设相隔一个读取周期后,微处理器1031读取到的上一次的第一距离值为L11、第二距离值L21,且记录下前后两次探测的超声波传感器1021的编号,并假设该两次控制的超声波传感器1021之间的距离为l,微处理器1031读取的周期为t;通过L1、L2、l组成的三角形和L11、L21、l以及V和t两次探测的前后对比,并结合相应的三角形的公式,可以计算出障碍物的移动速度和方向,并且判断出障碍物是否会与机器人10撞上,当判断出机器人会与障碍物撞上时,控制速度传感器1015调整机器人10行进的速度来规避障碍物,当超声波传感器1021探测到第一距离值小于0.4m时,采用红外线传感器1022的计算参数作为第一距离值、第二距离值进行计算,并按照上述计算方法进行计算和判断操作;
速度输出模块101,还用于根据微处理器1031的控制,调整机器人10行进的速度来规避障碍物。
本发明还提供一种自动探测和规避障碍物的***。
请参见图2,图2为本发明自动探测和规避障碍物的***的示意图,本发明自动探测和规避障碍物的***20,包括:机器人201、障碍物202;
机器人201,包括:速度输出模块2011、传感器探测模块2012、控制模块2013;
速度输出模块2011,与控制模块2013相连接,用于探测机器人201行进的速度;
传感器探测模块2012,与控制模块2013相连接,用于探测机器人201与障碍物202之间的距离,并对该距离值进行排序,与障碍物202的最小距离的值即第一近的距离值排序为第一距离值、第二近的距离值排序为第二距离值,传感器探测模块2012根据探测到的机器人201行进的速度和第一距离值,得到障碍物202的运动速度和运动方向的计算参数;
控制模块2013,与速度输出模块2011、传感器探测模块2012分别相连接,按照固定的频率来读取传感器探测模块2012得到的计算参数、读取传感器探测模块2012探测到的机器人201行进的速度的速度参数值,根据该读取的该计算参数和该速度参数值,并结合三角形公式,计算出障碍物202的移动速度和方向,并且判断出障碍物202是否会与机器人201撞上,当判断出机器人201会与障碍物202撞上时,控制速度输出模块2011调整机器人201行进的速度来规避障碍物202;
速度输出模块2011,还用于根据控制模块2013的控制,调整机器人201行进的速度来规避障碍物202。
其中,机器人20,其结构、功能等与图1所示的本发明自动探测和规避障碍物的机器人10的结构、功能等相同,此处不再赘述。
其中,速度输出模块2011,其结构、功能等与图1所示的速度输出模块101的结构、功能等相同,此处不再赘述。
其中,传感器探测模块2012,其结构、功能等与图1所示的传感器探测模块102的结构、功能等相同,此处不再赘述。
其中,控制模块2013,其结构、功能等与图1所示的控制模块103的结构、功能等相同,此处不再赘述。
本发明又提供一种自动探测和规避障碍物的方法。
请参见图3,图3为本发明自动探测和规避障碍物的方法的示意图,本发明自动探测和规避障碍物的方法,包括:
S31、提供机器人、提供障碍物;该机器人,包括:速度输出模块、传感器探测模块、控制模块;
S32、速度输出模块探测机器人行进的速度;
S33、传感器探测模块探测机器人与障碍物之间的距离,并对该距离值进行排序,与障碍物的最小距离的值即第一近的距离值排序为第一距离值、第二近的距离值排序为第二距离值,传感器探测模块根据探测到的机器人行进的速度和第一距离值,得到障碍物的运动速度和运动方向的计算参数;
S34、控制模块按照固定的频率来读取传感器探测模块得到的计算参数、读取传感器探测模块探测到的机器人行进的速度的速度参数值,根据该读取的该计算参数和该速度参数值,并结合三角形公式,计算出障碍物的移动速度和方向,并且判断出障碍物是否会与机器人撞上,当判断出机器人会与障碍物撞上时,控制速度输出模块调整机器人行进的速度来规避障碍物;
S35、速度输出模块根据控制模块的控制,调整机器人行进的速度来规避障碍物。
其中,本发明自动探测和规避障碍物的方法中的机器人,其结构、功能等与图1所示的本发明自动探测和规避障碍物的机器人10的结构、功能等相同,此处不再赘述。
其中,本发明自动探测和规避障碍物的方法中的速度输出模块,其结构、功能等与图1所示的速度输出模块101的结构、功能等相同,此处不再赘述。
其中,本发明自动探测和规避障碍物的方法中的传感器探测模块,其结构、功能等与图1所示的传感器探测模块102的结构、功能等相同,此处不再赘述。
其中,本发明自动探测和规避障碍物的方法中的控制模块,其结构、功能等与图1所示的控制模块103的结构、功能等相同,此处不再赘述。
本发明提供的自动探测和规避障碍物的机器人10,包括速度输出模块101、传感器探测模块102、控制模块103;速度输出模块101探测机器人10行进的速度;传感器探测模块102探测机器人10与障碍物之间的距离,并对该距离值进行排序,与障碍物的最小距离的值即第一近的距离值排序为第一距离值、第二近的距离值排序为第二距离值,传感器探测模块102根据探测到的机器人10行进的速度和第一距离值,得到障碍物的运动速度和运动方向的计算参数;控制模块103按照固定的频率来读取传感器探测模块102得到的计算参数、读取传感器探测模块102探测到的机器人10行进的速度的速度参数值,根据该读取的该计算参数和该速度参数值,并结合三角形公式,计算出障碍物的移动速度和方向,并且判断出障碍物是否会与机器人10撞上,当判断出机器人10会与障碍物撞上时,控制速度输出模块101调整机器人10行进的速度来规避障碍物,从而达到实现使行进中的机器人10能自动探测和规避移动中的障碍物,成本低廉、自动化程度高,易于推广。
本发明提供的自动探测和规避障碍物的***,包括机器人201、障碍物202;机器人201,包括速度输出模块2011、传感器探测模块2012、控制模块2013;速度输出模块2011探测机器人201行进的速度;传感器探测模块2012,探测机器人201与障碍物202之间的距离,并对该距离值进行排序,与障碍物202的最小距离的值即第一近的距离值排序为第一距离值、第二近的距离值排序为第二距离值,传感器探测模块2012根据探测到的机器人201行进的速度和第一距离值,得到障碍物202的运动速度和运动方向的计算参数;控制模块2013按照固定的频率来读取传感器探测模块2012得到的计算参数、读取传感器探测模块2012探测到的机器人201行进的速度的速度参数值,根据该读取的该计算参数和该速度参数值,并结合三角形公式,计算出障碍物202的移动速度和方向,并且判断出障碍物202是否会与机器人201撞上,当判断出机器人201会与障碍物202撞上时,控制速度输出模块2011调整机器人201行进的速度来规避障碍物202,从而达到实现使行进中的机器人201能自动探测和规避移动中的障碍物,成本低廉、自动化程度高,易于推广。
本发明提供的自动探测和规避障碍物的方法,包括提供机器人、提供障碍物,该机器人,包括:速度输出模块、传感器探测模块、控制模块;速度输出模块探测机器人行进的速度;传感器探测模块探测机器人与障碍物之间的距离,并对该距离值进行排序,与障碍物的最小距离的值即第一近的距离值排序为第一距离值、第二近的距离值排序为第二距离值,传感器探测模块根据探测到的机器人行进的速度和第一距离值,得到障碍物的运动速度和运动方向的计算参数;控制模块按照固定的频率来读取传感器探测模块得到的计算参数、读取传感器探测模块探测到的机器人行进的速度的速度参数值,根据该读取的该计算参数和该速度参数值,并结合三角形公式,计算出障碍物的移动速度和方向,并且判断出障碍物是否会与机器人撞上,当判断出机器人会与障碍物撞上时,控制速度输出模块调整机器人行进的速度来规避障碍物,从而达到实现使行进中的机器人能自动探测和规避移动中的障碍物,成本低廉、自动化程度高,易于推广。
需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或者操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包含”、“包括”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一***要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个、、、、、、”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品、设备或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。
对于本发明自动探测和规避障碍物的机器人、***及方法,实现的形式是多种多样的。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种自动探测和规避障碍物的***,其特征在于,包括:机器人、障碍物;
    所述机器人,包括:速度输出模块、传感器探测模块、控制模块;
    所述速度输出模块,与所述控制模块相连接,用于探测机器人行进的速度;
    所述传感器探测模块,与所述控制模块相连接,用于探测机器人与所述障碍物之间的距离,并对所述距离值进行排序,与所述障碍物第一近的距离值排序为第一距离值、第二近的距离值排序为第二距离值,根据探测到的机器人行进的速度和第一距离值,得到所述障碍物的运动速度和运动方向的计算参数;
    所述控制模块,用于按照固定的频率来读取所述传感器探测模块得到的计算参数、探测到的机器人行进的速度的速度参数值,根据所述读取的所述计算参数和所述速度参数值,并结合三角形公式,计算出所述障碍物的移动速度和方向,并且判断出所述障碍物是否会与机器人撞上,当判断出机器人会与所述障碍物撞上时,控制所述速度输出模块调整机器人行进的速度来规避所述障碍物;
    所述速度输出模块,还用于根据所述控制模块的控制,调整机器人行进的速度来规避所述障碍物。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的自动探测和规避障碍物的***,其特征在于,所述速度输出模块,包括:第一驱动轮、第二驱动轮、第一伺服电机、第二伺服电机、速度传感器;
    所述第一驱动轮,与所述第二驱动轮同轴,与所述第一伺服电机相连接;
    所述第二驱动轮,与所述第二伺服电机相连接;
    所述第一伺服电机,用于转动来驱动所述第一驱动轮的转动,进而带动机器人的行进;
    所述第二伺服电机,用于转动来驱动所述第二驱动轮的转动,进而带动机器人的行进;
    所述第一伺服电机与所述第二伺服电机转动的转速差,使所述第一驱动轮与所述第二驱动轮转动产生速度差,进而使机器人实现转向;
    所述速度传感器,用于探测机器人行进的速度,根据所述控制模块的控制,调整机器人行进的速度来规避障碍物。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的自动探测和规避障碍物的***,其特征在于,所述机器人转向的角速度与所述第一伺服电机与所述第二伺服电机转动的转速差成正比,与所述第一驱动轮与所述第二驱动轮之间的距离成反比。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的自动探测和规避障碍物的机器人,其特征在于,所述传感器探测模块,包括:超声波传感器、红外线传感器;
    所述超声波传感器与所述红外线传感器在机器人上呈一个水平方向上的360度圆弧分布,所述超声波传感器在所述水平方向上的360度圆弧上呈等弧间距分布,所述红外线传感器位于两个相邻的所述超声波传感器的中间圆弧点上。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的自动探测和规避障碍物的***,其特征在于,所述传感器探测模块探测到机器人与障碍物之间的距离小于预设值时,所述红外线传感器,用于探测机器人与障碍物之间的距离,并对所述距离值进行排序,与障碍物第一近的距离值排序为第一距离值、第二近的距离值排序为第二距离值,根据探测到的机器人行进的速度和第一距离值,得到障碍物的运动速度和运动方向的计算参数。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的自动探测和规避障碍物的***,其特征在于,所述传感器探测模块探测到机器人与障碍物之间的距离大于预设值时,所述超声波传感器,用于探测机器人与障碍物之间的距离,并对所述距离值进行排序,与障碍物第一近的距离值排序为第一距离值、第二近的距离值排序为第二距离值,根据探测到的机器人行进的速度和第一距离值,得到障碍物的运动速度和运动方向的计算参数。
  7. 如权利要求5或6所述的自动探测和规避障碍物的***,其特征在于,所述预设值,包括:0.4m。
  8. 如权利要求4所述的自动探测和规避障碍物的***,其特征在于,所述超声波传感器包括9个。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的自动探测和规避障碍物的***,其特征在于,所述控制模块,包括:微处理器;
    所述微处理器,用于按照固定的频率来读取所述传感器探测模块得到的计算参数、探测到的机器人行进的速度的速度参数值,在第一个时间周期,探测到的机器人行进的速度的速度参数值包括第一周期速度参数值,探测到的机器人与障碍物之间的距离包括第一周期第一距离值、第一周期第二距离值,在第二个时间周期,探测到的机器人行进的速度的速度参数值包括第二周期速度参数值,探测到的机器人与障碍物之间的距离包括第二周期第一距离值、第二周期第二距离值,探测到第一个时间周期所应用的第一传感器探测模块和第二个时间周期所应用的第二传感器探测模块的距离为第一间距距离值,根据第一周期第一距离值、第一周期第二距离值、第一间距距离值,并结合三角形公式,和根据第二周期第一距离值、第二周期第二距离值、第一间距距离值,并结合三角形公式,计算出障碍物的移动速度和方向,并且判断出障碍物是否会与机器人撞上,当判断出机器人会与障碍物撞上时,控制所述速度输出模块调整机器人行进的速度来规避障碍物。
  10. 一种自动探测和规避障碍物的方法,其特征在于,包括:
    提供机器人、提供障碍物,所述机器人,包括:速度输出模块、传感器探测模块、控制模块;
    所述速度输出模块探测机器人行进的速度;
    所述传感器探测模块探测机器人与障碍物之间的距离,并对所述距离值进行排序,与障碍物第一近的距离值排序为第一距离值、第二近的距离值排序为第二距离值,根据探测到的机器人行进的速度和第一距离值,得到障碍物的运动速度和运动方向的计算参数;
    所述控制模块按照固定的频率来读取传感器探测模块得到的计算参数、探测到的机器人行进的速度的速度参数值,根据所述读取的所述计算参数和所述速度参数值,并结合三角形公式,计算出障碍物的移动速度和方向,并且判断出障碍物是否会与机器人撞上,当判断出机器人会与障碍物撞上时,控制速度输出模块调整机器人行进的速度来规避障碍物。
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