WO2018010584A1

WO2018010584A1 - System for preparing powder by means of gas phase and liquid phase

Info

Publication number: WO2018010584A1
Application number: PCT/CN2017/091849
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张启辉
Original assignee: 深圳市知赢科技有限公司
Priority date: 2016-07-13
Filing date: 2017-07-05
Publication date: 2018-01-18
Also published as: CN106000227A; CN106000227B

Abstract

A system for preparing powder by means of a gas phase and a liquid phase comprises a raw material thermal treatment device (1), a spraying device (3), and a mixing device (2) that comprises a mixing chamber (20), a first Laval spray pipe (21) and a second Laval spray pipe (22). The tail end of the second Laval spray pipe (22) is introduced into the spraying device (3). The raw material thermal treatment device (1) is connected to the mixing chamber (20) of the mixing device (2) by means of a duct (10). The raw materials are fully mixed, the prepared powder material has high activity and a small powder granularity, and a composite powder material can be prepared.

Description

气液双相制备粉体的*** Gas-liquid two-phase system for preparing powder

技术领域 Technical field

[0001] 本发明涉及粉体材料制造领域，特别涉及一种气液双相制备粉体的***。 [0001] The present invention relates to the field of powder material manufacturing, and in particular to a system for preparing a powder by gas-liquid two-phase.

背景技术 Background technique

[0002] 粉体材料是重要的产品形式，对国民经济和国防产生重要作用。粉体工程学已广泛应用到建材、机械、能源、塑料、橡胶、矿山、冶金、医药、食品、饲料、农药、化肥、造纸、资源、环保、信息、航空、航天、交通等几乎国民经济发展的各个领域。 [0002] Powder materials are important product forms that play an important role in the national economy and national defense. Powder engineering has been widely applied to building materials, machinery, energy, plastics, rubber, mining, metallurgy, medicine, food, feed, pesticides, fertilizers, paper, resources, environmental protection, information, aviation, aerospace, transportation, etc. Various areas.

技术问题 technical problem

[0003] 目前，粉体生产方式有两种：一，固相生产粉体，例如粉磨；但是球磨生产的粉体，粒度分布宽泛，且不具备化学活性。二，液相沉淀法制备粉体，该粉体具有化学活性；但是存在杂质含量高，污染水土，不能制造金属粉体、金属复合粉体等问题。 [0003] At present, there are two kinds of powder production methods: one, solid phase production of powder, such as grinding; but the powder produced by ball milling has a wide particle size distribution and is not chemically active. Second, the powder is prepared by a liquid phase precipitation method, and the powder is chemically active; however, there are problems such as high impurity content, contamination of water and soil, and inability to produce metal powder and metal composite powder.

问题的解决方案 Problem solution

技术解决方案 Technical solution

[0004] 本发明的主要目的为提供一种气液双相制备粉体的***，可使原材料充分混合，使得制备的粉体材料活性高，粉体粒度小，并可制备复合粉体材料。 [0004] The main object of the present invention is to provide a system for preparing a powder by gas-liquid two-phase, which can sufficiently mix raw materials, so that the prepared powder material has high activity, small powder particle size, and can prepare a composite powder material.

[0005] 本发明提出一种气液双相制备粉体的***，包括原材料热处理装置、混合装置以及喷涂装置； [0005] The present invention provides a system for preparing a powder by gas-liquid two-phase, comprising a raw material heat treatment device, a mixing device, and a spraying device;

[0006] 所述混合装置包括混合室、第一拉瓦尔喷管以及第二拉瓦尔喷管；所述混合室的顶部贯穿设置所述第一拉瓦尔喷管，所述混合室的底部连通所述第二拉瓦尔喷管；所述第二拉瓦尔喷管末端通入所述喷涂装置； [0006] The mixing device includes a mixing chamber, a first Laval nozzle, and a second Laval nozzle; a top of the mixing chamber is disposed through the first Laval nozzle, and a bottom of the mixing chamber is connected a second Laval nozzle; the end of the second Laval nozzle is passed into the spraying device;

[0007] 所述原材料热处理装置将不同物理状态的原材料混合，且通过导管连接所述混合装置的混合室。 [0007] The raw material heat treatment device mixes raw materials of different physical states and connects the mixing chamber of the mixing device through a conduit.

[0008] 进一步地，所述原材料热处理装置包括预热箱、主加热箱以及热平衡箱；所述预热箱将原材料加热至液态，所述主加热箱将原材料加热至气态； [0009] 所述预热箱底部以及主加热箱底部分别通过导管连接所述热平衡箱，所述热平衡箱底部通过导管连接所述混合室。 [0008] Further, the raw material heat treatment device includes a preheating box, a main heating box, and a heat balance box; the preheating box heats the raw material to a liquid state, and the main heating box heats the raw material to a gaseous state; [0009] The bottom of the preheating box and the bottom of the main heating box are respectively connected to the heat balance box through a conduit, and the bottom of the heat balance box is connected to the mixing chamber through a conduit.

[0010] 进一步地，所述预热箱包括第一箱体、第一加热夹套以及第一电磁波发射器；所述主加热箱包括第二箱体、第二加热夹套以及第二电磁波发射器；所述热平衡箱包括第三箱体、第三加热夹套以及第三电磁波发射器； [0010] Further, the preheating box includes a first box, a first heating jacket, and a first electromagnetic wave transmitter; the main heating box includes a second box, a second heating jacket, and a second electromagnetic wave emission The heat balance box includes a third tank, a third heating jacket, and a third electromagnetic wave launcher;

[0011] 所述第一箱体***设置所述第一加热夹套，所述第一箱体底部通过导管连接所述第三箱体，所述第一箱体的底部异于导管位置设置所述第一电磁波发射器；所述第二箱体***设置所述第二加热夹套，所述第二箱体底部通过导管连接所述第三箱体，所述第二箱体的底部异于导管位置设置所述第二电磁波发射器；所述第三箱体的***设置所述第三加热夹套，所述第三箱体的底部侧面通过导管连接所述混合室，所述第三箱体底部设置所述第三电磁波发射器。 [0011] the first heating jacket is disposed on a periphery of the first casing, and the bottom of the first casing is connected to the third casing through a conduit, and a bottom of the first casing is different from a conduit position setting a first electromagnetic wave transmitter; a second heating jacket is disposed on a periphery of the second casing, and a bottom of the second casing is connected to the third casing through a conduit, and a bottom of the second casing is different from a second electromagnetic wave emitter is disposed at a conduit position; a third heating jacket is disposed on a periphery of the third casing, and a bottom side of the third casing is connected to the mixing chamber through a conduit, the third tank The third electromagnetic wave emitter is disposed at the bottom of the body.

[0012] 进一步地，所述混合装置还包括第四加热夹套，所述第四加热夹套包覆于所述混合室、第一拉瓦尔喷管以及第二拉瓦尔喷管***，且所述第四加热夹套的顶部和底部对应设置有固定所述第一拉瓦尔喷管以及第二拉瓦尔喷管的幵口。 [0012] Further, the mixing device further includes a fourth heating jacket, and the fourth heating jacket is wrapped around the mixing chamber, the first Laval nozzle, and the second Laval nozzle, and The top and bottom of the fourth heating jacket are correspondingly provided with a mouth for fixing the first Laval nozzle and the second Laval nozzle.

[0013] 进一步地，所述喷涂装置包括喷涂室，所述喷涂室内设置传送带、主喷涂室以及粉体厚度调节器； [0013] Further, the spraying device includes a spraying chamber, and the spraying chamber is provided with a conveyor belt, a main spraying chamber and a powder thickness adjuster;

[0014] 所述主喷涂室设置于所述喷涂室中部，所述主喷涂室顶部设置有供所述第二拉瓦尔喷管末端通入的幵口，所述主喷涂室内第二拉瓦尔喷管末端的下方设置所述传送带；所述传送带的一端上方设置所述粉体厚度调节器，所述粉体厚度调节器固定于所述主喷涂室侧面底部，且与所述传送带之间设定间隙控制传送带上材料层的厚度。 [0014] The main spraying chamber is disposed in a middle portion of the spraying chamber, and a top of the main spraying chamber is provided with a mouth for the end of the second Laval nozzle, and a second Laval spray in the main spraying chamber The conveyor belt is disposed below the end of the pipe; the powder thickness adjuster is disposed above one end of the conveyor belt, and the powder thickness adjuster is fixed to the bottom of the main spray booth side and is set between the conveyor belt and the conveyor belt The gap controls the thickness of the material layer on the conveyor belt.

[0015] 进一步地，所述喷涂装置还包括热交换器； [0015] Further, the spraying device further includes a heat exchanger;

[0016] 所述热交换器设置于所述传送带内部空隙中与其上方传送带上的材料进行热交换。 [0016] The heat exchanger is disposed in the inner space of the conveyor belt to thermally exchange material on the conveyor belt above it.

[0017] 进一步地，所述喷涂装置还包括收料装置；所述收料装置包括传送带清洁器、粉体收集室以及震动筛网； [0017] Further, the spraying device further includes a receiving device; the receiving device includes a conveyor cleaner, a powder collecting chamber, and a vibrating screen;

[0018] 所述传送带传送末端连接所述粉体收集室，并设置有所述传送带清洁器清洁传送带；所述粉体收集室下端设置有幵口容置所述震动筛网；所述震动筛网包括筛网以及震动马达，所述震动马达带动所述筛网震动。 [0018] the conveyor belt transfer end is connected to the powder collection chamber, and is provided with the conveyor belt cleaner cleaning conveyor belt; the lower end of the powder collection chamber is provided with a mouthpiece for accommodating the vibration screen; Network includes a screen and a vibration motor, the vibration motor driving the screen to vibrate.

[0019] 进一步地，所述***还包括基体材料放料装置，所述基体材料放料装置包括预处理室以及加热室；所述预处理室连通所述加热室，所述加热室底部设置一导管通入所述喷涂室内，并位于所述传送带的起始端上方； [0019] Further, the system further includes a base material discharging device, the base material discharging device includes a pretreatment chamber and a heating chamber; the pretreatment chamber is connected to the heating chamber, and a bottom of the heating chamber is disposed a conduit is introduced into the spray booth and above a starting end of the conveyor belt;

[0020] 所述加热室底部导管的末端设置一喷嘴。 [0020] A nozzle is disposed at an end of the heating chamber bottom conduit.

[0021] 进一步地，所述***还包括保护气氛处理装置，所述保护气氛处理装置包括保护气体加热室以及气氛源室； [0021] Further, the system further includes a protective atmosphere processing device including a protective gas heating chamber and an atmosphere source chamber;

[0022] 所述气氛源室连通所述保护气体加热室，所述保护气体加热室下端设置一导管通入所述主喷涂室内。 [0022] The atmosphere source chamber is connected to the shielding gas heating chamber, and a conduit is disposed at a lower end of the shielding gas heating chamber to enter the main spraying chamber.

[0023] 进一步地，所述***还包括载气处理***，所述载气处理***包括载气室、除油器、除水器以及载气加热室，所述载气室、除水器、除油器以及载气加热室依次连接，所述载气加热室下端设置幵口连接所述第一拉瓦尔喷管的顶部。发明的有益效果 [0023] Further, the system further includes a carrier gas processing system, the carrier gas processing system includes a carrier gas chamber, a degreaser, a water trap, and a carrier gas heating chamber, the carrier gas chamber, a water trap, The degreaser and the carrier gas heating chamber are sequentially connected, and the lower end of the carrier gas heating chamber is provided with a spout to connect the top of the first Laval nozzle. Advantageous effects of the invention

有益效果 Beneficial effect

[0024] 本发明中提供的气液双相制备粉体的***，具有以下有益效果： [0024] The system for preparing a powder by gas-liquid two-phase provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 本发明中提供的气液双相制备粉体的***，采用电磁波发射器辅助加热、活化、混合原材料，在节能降耗的基础上，将金属或者其他难溶的物质加热至液态、气态、等离子状态、超临界流体状态。因此，可以制造复合金属粉体材料、石墨烯等多种材料；应用拉瓦尔喷管高速低压的原理，原材料和高压载气在混合室进行混合，有利于充分快速的混合，节约了泵等设备；拉瓦尔喷管的使用，可以将高压载气最高加速到音速，有利于高度分散不同状态的物质，达到分子级别的混合尺度，喷涂到传送带可以得到超细颗粒，表比面积大、活性高。载气、原材料、基体材料都可进行预处理，保证粉体的高纯度。 [0025] The system for preparing a gas-liquid two-phase powder according to the present invention uses an electromagnetic wave transmitter to assist heating, activating, and mixing raw materials, and heating metal or other insoluble matter to a liquid state on the basis of energy saving and consumption reduction. Gaseous, plasma state, supercritical fluid state. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture various materials such as composite metal powder materials and graphene; using the principle of high-speed low-pressure of Laval nozzle, the raw materials and high-pressure carrier gas are mixed in the mixing chamber, which facilitates full and rapid mixing and saves pumps and other equipment. The use of Laval nozzles can accelerate the high-pressure carrier gas up to the speed of sound, which is conducive to the high dispersion of substances in different states, reaching the molecular level of mixing scale, spraying onto the conveyor belt to obtain ultra-fine particles, large surface area and high activity. . The carrier gas, raw materials and matrix materials can be pretreated to ensure high purity of the powder.

对附图的简要说明 Brief description of the drawing

附图说明 DRAWINGS

[0026] 图 1是本发明实施例中气液双相制备粉体的***结构示意图； 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for preparing a gas-liquid two-phase powder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] 图 2是本发明实施例中拉瓦尔喷管结构示意图。 2 is a schematic structural view of a Laval nozzle in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] [0029] 本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。实施该发明的最佳实施例 [0028] [0029] The implementation, functional features, and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

本发明的最佳实施方式 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0030] 应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。 [0030] It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention.

[0031] 参照图 1，为本发明实施例中气液双相制备粉体的***结构示意图。 [0031] Referring to FIG. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a system for preparing a gas-liquid two-phase powder according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0032] 本发明实施例中提出一种气液双相制备粉体的***，包括原材料热处理装置 1 、混合装置 2以及喷涂装置 3; [0032] The embodiment of the present invention provides a gas-liquid two-phase system for preparing powder, comprising a raw material heat treatment device 1, a mixing device 2, and a spraying device 3;

[0033] 上述混合装置 2包括混合室 20、第一拉瓦尔喷管 21以及第二拉瓦尔喷管 22; 上述混合室 20的顶部贯穿设置上述第一拉瓦尔喷管 21，上述混合室 20的底部连通上述第二拉瓦尔喷管 22; 上述第二拉瓦尔喷管 22末端通入上述喷涂装置 3。 [0033] The mixing device 2 includes a mixing chamber 20, a first Laval nozzle 21, and a second Laval nozzle 22; a top portion of the mixing chamber 20 is disposed through the first Laval nozzle 21, and the mixing chamber 20 is The bottom portion communicates with the second Laval nozzle 22; the end of the second Laval nozzle 22 passes into the spraying device 3.

[0034] 在本实施例中，拉瓦尔喷管包括第一拉瓦尔喷管 21以及第二拉瓦尔喷管 22，第一拉瓦尔喷管 21以及第二拉瓦尔喷管 22结构相同，均包括收缩管 200、喉管 201 以及扩张管 202 (参照图 2) ，上述收缩管 200为从上往下逐渐缩小的结构，上述喉管 201为收缩管 200与扩张管 202的连接处，上述扩张管 202为从上往下逐渐扩大的结构。高压气体从收缩管 200进入经扩张管 202喷出，可形成高速低压的气体氛围。有利于高度分散不同状态的物质，达到分子级别的混合尺度，喷涂到传送带可以得到超细颗粒，其表比面积大、活性高。 [0034] In the present embodiment, the Laval nozzle includes a first Laval nozzle 21 and a second Laval nozzle 22, and the first Laval nozzle 21 and the second Laval nozzle 22 have the same structure, including The shrink tube 200, the throat tube 201, and the expansion tube 202 (see FIG. 2), the shrink tube 200 is a structure that gradually decreases from the top to the bottom, and the throat tube 201 is a joint between the shrink tube 200 and the expansion tube 202, and the expansion tube 202 is a structure that gradually expands from the top to the bottom. The high pressure gas is ejected from the shrink tube 200 into the expanded tube 202 to form a high velocity and low pressure gas atmosphere. It is beneficial to highly disperse substances in different states, and achieves a molecular-scale mixing scale. Ultra-fine particles can be obtained by spraying onto a conveyor belt, which has a large surface area and high activity.

[0035] 上述原材料热处理装置 1将不同物理状态的原材料混合，且通过导管 10连接上述混合装置 2的混合室 20。 The raw material heat treatment device 1 mixes raw materials of different physical states, and connects the mixing chamber 20 of the mixing device 2 through the conduit 10.

[0036] 在本实施例中，原材料热处理装置 1将原材料混合，混合装置 2的第一拉瓦尔喷管 21的收缩管 200通入高压气体，经扩张管 202喷出，在混合室 20内形成高速低压气氛，将原材料热处理装置 1中的原材料吸入，有利于原材料与气体充分快速的混合，节约了泵等设备。 In the present embodiment, the raw material heat treatment apparatus 1 mixes the raw materials, and the shrinkage tube 200 of the first Laval nozzle 21 of the mixing device 2 is introduced into the high pressure gas, is ejected through the expansion tube 202, and is formed in the mixing chamber 20. In the high-speed and low-pressure atmosphere, the raw materials in the raw material heat treatment device 1 are sucked, which facilitates the rapid and rapid mixing of raw materials and gases, and saves pumps and other equipment.

[0037] 进一步地，上述原材料热处理装置 1包括预热箱、主加热箱以及热平衡箱；上述预热箱将原材料加热至液态，上述主加热箱将原材料加热至气态、等离子态、超临界流体状态。 [0037] Further, the raw material heat treatment device 1 includes a preheating box, a main heating tank, and a heat balance tank; the preheating box heats the raw material to a liquid state, and the main heating box heats the raw material to a gaseous state, a plasma state, and a supercritical fluid state. .

[0038] 上述预热箱底部以及主加热箱底部分别通过导管 10连接上述热平衡箱，上述热平衡箱底部通过导管 10连接上述混合室 20。 [0038] The bottom of the preheating box and the bottom of the main heating box are respectively connected to the heat balance box through the conduit 10, the heat The bottom of the balance tank is connected to the mixing chamber 20 through a conduit 10.

[0039] 进一步地，上述预热箱包括第一箱体 11、第一加热夹套 12以及第一电磁波发射器 13; 上述主加热箱包括第二箱体 14、第二加热夹套 15以及第二电磁波发射器 1 6；上述热平衡箱包括第三箱体 17、第三加热夹套 18以及第三电磁波发射器 19; 上述第一加热夹套 12为将原材料加热至液态的高温加热器，上述第二加热夹套 1 5为将原材料加热至气态的超高温加热器。上述第一电磁波发射器 13、第二电磁波发射器 16以及第三电磁波发射器 19为可以发射微波、中波、长波、短波、激光、红外线、紫外线、可见光、 α射线、 β射线、伽马射线、声波、超声波、次声波其中一种或多种的电磁波发射器 19。采用电磁波发射器 19辅助加热、活化、混合原材料，在节能降耗的基础上，将金属或者其他难溶的物质加热至液态、气态、等离子状态、超临界流体状态。因此，可以制造复合金属粉体材料、石墨烯等多种材料. [0039] Further, the preheating box includes a first housing 11, a first heating jacket 12, and a first electromagnetic wave transmitter 13; the main heating box includes a second housing 14, a second heating jacket 15, and a The electromagnetic wave transmitter 16 includes a third tank 17, a third heating jacket 18 and a third electromagnetic wave transmitter 19; the first heating jacket 12 is a high temperature heater for heating the raw material to a liquid state, The second heating jacket 15 is an ultra-high temperature heater that heats the raw material to a gaseous state. The first electromagnetic wave emitter 13, the second electromagnetic wave emitter 16, and the third electromagnetic wave emitter 19 are capable of emitting microwave, medium wave, long wave, short wave, laser, infrared, ultraviolet, visible, alpha, beta, gamma ray. An electromagnetic wave transmitter 19 of one or more of sound waves, ultrasonic waves, and infrasound waves. The electromagnetic wave transmitter 19 is used to assist in heating, activating, and mixing raw materials, and heating metal or other insoluble substances to a liquid state, a gaseous state, a plasma state, and a supercritical fluid state on the basis of energy saving and consumption reduction. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture a variety of materials such as composite metal powder materials and graphene.

[0040] 上述第一箱体 11***设置上述第一加热夹套 12，上述第一箱体 11底部通过导管 10连接上述第三箱体 17，上述第一箱体 11的底部异于导管 10位置设置上述第一电磁波发射器 13; 上述第二箱体 14***设置上述第二加热夹套 15，上述第二箱体 14底部通过导管 10连接上述第三箱体 17，上述第二箱体 14的底部异于导管 10 位置设置上述第二电磁波发射器 16; 上述第三箱体 17的***设置上述第三加热夹套 17，上述第三箱体 17的底部侧面通过导管 10连接上述混合室 20，上述第三箱体 17底部设置上述第三电磁波发射器 19。上述第一箱体 11与第二箱体 14连通，第一箱体 11与第二箱体 14内分别容置液态、气态的原材料；第三箱体 14用于混合第一箱体 11与第二箱体 14内的原材料。上述导管 10还可以设置必要的幵关阀等装置。 [0040] The first heating jacket 12 is disposed on the periphery of the first casing 11, and the bottom of the first casing 11 is connected to the third casing 17 through a duct 10, and the bottom of the first casing 11 is different from the position of the conduit 10. The first electromagnetic wave emitter 13 is disposed; the second heating jacket 15 is disposed on the periphery of the second casing 14, and the bottom of the second casing 14 is connected to the third casing 17 through the conduit 10, and the second casing 14 is The second electromagnetic wave emitter 16 is disposed at a position different from the bottom of the conduit 10; the third heating jacket 17 is disposed at a periphery of the third casing 17, and the bottom side of the third casing 17 is connected to the mixing chamber 20 through the conduit 10, The third electromagnetic wave emitter 19 is disposed at the bottom of the third casing 17 described above. The first tank 11 and the second tank 14 are in communication with each other, and the first tank 11 and the second tank 14 respectively contain liquid and gaseous materials; the third tank 14 is used for mixing the first tank 11 and the first tank 11 The raw materials in the two tanks 14. The above-mentioned duct 10 can also be provided with a device such as a necessary shut-off valve.

[0041] 进一步地，上述混合装置 2还包括第四加热夹套 23，上述第四加热夹套 23包覆于上述混合室 20、第一拉瓦尔喷管 21以及第二拉瓦尔喷管 22外侧，且上述第四加热夹套 23的顶部和底部对应设置有固定上述第一拉瓦尔喷管 21以及第二拉瓦尔喷管 22的幵口。在本实施例中，上述第四加热夹套 23的顶部幵口固定夹持上述第一拉瓦尔喷管 21的收缩管 200，上述第一拉瓦尔喷管 21的扩张管 202容置于混合室 20中。上述第四加热夹套 23的底部幵口固定夹持上述第二拉瓦尔喷管 21 的收缩管 200，上述第二拉瓦尔喷管 21的扩张管 202突出上述第四加热夹套 23的底部之外。 [0041] Further, the mixing device 2 further includes a fourth heating jacket 23, and the fourth heating jacket 23 is wrapped around the mixing chamber 20, the first Laval nozzle 21 and the second Laval nozzle 22 And the top and bottom of the fourth heating jacket 23 are correspondingly provided with a mouth for fixing the first Laval nozzle 21 and the second Laval nozzle 22. In this embodiment, the top opening of the fourth heating jacket 23 fixes the shrink tube 200 of the first Laval nozzle 21, and the expansion tube 202 of the first Laval nozzle 21 is accommodated in the mixing chamber. 20 in. The bottom of the fourth heating jacket 23 is fixedly clamped to the second Laval nozzle 21 The shrink tube 200, the expansion tube 202 of the second Laval nozzle 21 protrudes beyond the bottom of the fourth heating jacket 23.

[0042] 进一步地，上述喷涂装置 3包括喷涂室，上述喷涂室内设置传送带 33、主喷涂室 30以及粉体厚度调节器 34; [0042] Further, the spraying device 3 includes a spraying chamber, and the spraying chamber is provided with a conveyor belt 33, a main spraying chamber 30 and a powder thickness adjuster 34;

[0043] 上述主喷涂室 30设置于上述喷涂室中部，主喷涂室 30的两侧设置放料室 31以及收料室 32。上述主喷涂室 30顶部设置有供上述第二拉瓦尔喷管 22末端通入的幵口，上述主喷涂室 30内第二拉瓦尔喷管 22末端的下方设置上述传送带 33，该传送带 33横跨设置于上述主喷涂室 30、放料室 31以及收料室 32下部；上述传送带 3 3的一端上方设置上述粉体厚度调节器 34，上述粉体厚度调节器 34固定于上述主喷涂室 30侧面底部，且与上述传送带 33之间设定间隙控制传送带 33上材料层的厚度。上述粉体厚度调节器 34固定在主喷涂室侧壁上，与传送带之间设定一定的高度距离，只允许设定厚度的粉末材料通过。该粉体厚度调节器 34可以为一刷子，也可以为一刮板，或其它等同功能的装置。 [0043] The main spray booth 30 is disposed in the middle of the spray booth, and the discharge chamber 31 and the receiving chamber 32 are disposed on both sides of the main spray booth 30. The top of the main spraying chamber 30 is provided with a mouth for the end of the second Laval nozzle 22, and the conveyor belt 33 is disposed below the end of the second Laval nozzle 22 in the main spraying chamber 30, and the belt 33 is spanned. The powder coating thickness adjuster 34 is disposed above the one end of the main spray booth 30, the discharge chamber 31, and the receiving chamber 32. The powder thickness adjuster 34 is fixed to the side of the main spray booth 30. A gap is set between the bottom and the conveyor belt 33 to control the thickness of the material layer on the conveyor belt 33. The above-mentioned powder thickness adjuster 34 is fixed on the side wall of the main spray booth, and a certain height distance is set between the belt and the conveyor belt, and only the powder material of a set thickness is allowed to pass. The powder thickness adjuster 34 can be a brush, a squeegee, or other equivalent device.

[0044] 进一步地，上述喷涂装置 3还包括热交换器 35 ; [0044] Further, the spraying device 3 further includes a heat exchanger 35;

[0045] 上述热交换器 35设置于上述传送带 33内部传送空隙中与其上方传送带 33上的材料进行热交换。本实施例中，上述热交换器 35设置于上述传送带 33的上层传送带的背面。基体材料从传送带 33起始端传输至传送末端，与热交换器 35进行热交换。上述热交换器 35既可以对传送带 33上的材料进行加热，也可以吸收其热 The heat exchanger (35) is disposed in the inner conveying space of the conveyor belt (33) to exchange heat with the material on the upper conveyor belt (33). In the present embodiment, the heat exchanger (35) is provided on the back surface of the upper conveyor belt of the conveyor belt (33). The base material is transferred from the start end of the conveyor belt 33 to the transfer end for heat exchange with the heat exchanger 35. The heat exchanger 35 described above can heat the material on the conveyor belt 33 as well as absorb heat.

[0046] 进一步地，上述喷涂装置 3还包括收料装置；收料装置设置于上述收料室中，上述收料装置包括传送带清洁器 36、粉体收集室 37以及震动筛网 38 ; [0046] Further, the spraying device 3 further includes a receiving device; the receiving device is disposed in the receiving chamber, and the receiving device comprises a conveyor cleaner 36, a powder collecting chamber 37 and a vibrating screen 38;

[0047] 上述传送带 33传送末端连接上述粉体收集室 37，并设置有上述传送带清洁器 36 清洁传送带；该传送带清洁器 36可以为粉末刷子等装置。上述粉体收集室 37下端设置有幵口容置上述震动筛网 38 ; 上述震动筛网 38包括筛网以及震动马达，上述震动马达带动上述筛网震动。 [0047] The conveyor belt 33 is connected to the powder collecting chamber 37 at the end, and is provided with the belt cleaner 36 to clean the belt; the belt cleaner 36 may be a device such as a powder brush. The vibration collecting screen 38 is disposed at the lower end of the powder collecting chamber 37. The vibrating screen 38 includes a screen and a vibration motor, and the vibrating motor drives the screen to vibrate.

[0048] 进一步地，上述***还包括基体材料放料装置 4，上述基体材料放料装置 4包括预处理室 41以及加热室 42; 上述预处理室 41连通上述加热室 42，上述加热室 42 底部设置一导管 10通入上述喷涂室内，并位于上述传送带 33的起始端上方；上述预处理室 41中对基体材料进行过筛，防止大颗粒进入喷涂室；加热室 42将基体材料加热到指定温度。预处理室 41以及加热室 42均可使用现有技术中的装置 [0048] Further, the above system further includes a base material discharging device 4, the base material discharging device 4 includes a pretreatment chamber 41 and a heating chamber 42; the pretreatment chamber 41 communicates with the heating chamber 42, the bottom of the heating chamber 42 Providing a conduit 10 into the spray booth and above the starting end of the conveyor belt 33; The substrate material is screened in the pretreatment chamber 41 to prevent large particles from entering the spray chamber; the heating chamber 42 heats the substrate material to a specified temperature. Both the pretreatment chamber 41 and the heating chamber 42 can use the prior art device.

[0049] 上述加热室 42底部导管的末端设置一喷嘴 43，基体材料从喷嘴 43喷洒至传送带 33的起始端。 [0049] The nozzle of the bottom portion of the heating chamber 42 is provided with a nozzle 43, and the base material is sprayed from the nozzle 43 to the starting end of the conveyor belt 33.

[0050] 进一步地，上述***还包括保护气氛处理装置 5，上述保护气氛处理装置 5包括保护气体加热室 51以及气氛源室 50; [0050] Further, the above system further includes a protective atmosphere processing device 5, the protective atmosphere processing device 5 includes a protective gas heating chamber 51 and an atmosphere source chamber 50;

[0051] 上述气氛源室 50连通上述保护气体加热室 51，上述保护气体加热室 51下端设置一导管通入上述主喷涂室 30内。气氛源室 50内储备保护气氛气体，该气体为惰性气体、不与制备材料反应的保护气体或者会与制备材料反应的反应气体。该保护气氛气体经保护气体加热室 51加热后传输至主喷涂室 30中对喷涂过程进行保护，可以防止制备材料氧化。 [0051] The atmosphere source chamber 50 communicates with the shielding gas heating chamber 51, and a conduit is provided at the lower end of the shielding gas heating chamber 51 to pass into the main spraying chamber 30. A protective atmosphere gas is stored in the atmosphere source chamber 50, which is an inert gas, a shielding gas that does not react with the preparation material, or a reaction gas that reacts with the preparation material. The protective atmosphere gas is heated by the protective gas heating chamber 51 and transferred to the main spray booth 30 to protect the spraying process, thereby preventing oxidation of the preparation material.

[0052] 进一步地，上述***还包括载气处理*** 6，上述载气处理*** 6包括载气室 60 、除油器 62、除水器 61以及载气加热室 63，上述载气室 60、除水器 61、除油器 6 2以及载气加热室 63依次连接，上述载气加热室 63下端设置幵口连接上述第一拉瓦尔喷管 21的顶部。载气处理*** 6中的高压载气经处理后进入第一拉瓦尔喷管 21，经第一拉瓦尔喷管 21的加速，在混合室 20中形成高速低压的气氛，吸入热平衡室中的混合物，无需使用泵等设备。上述除油器 62、除水器 61、载气加热室 63均可使用现有的设备。 [0052] Further, the system further includes a carrier gas treatment system 6 including a carrier gas chamber 60, a degreaser 62, a water eliminator 61, and a carrier gas heating chamber 63, the carrier gas chamber 60, The water eliminator 61, the degreaser 62 and the carrier gas heating chamber 63 are connected in series, and the lower end of the carrier gas heating chamber 63 is provided with a spout to connect the top of the first Laval nozzle 21. The high-pressure carrier gas in the carrier gas treatment system 6 is treated to enter the first Laval nozzle 21, and after the acceleration of the first Laval nozzle 21, a high-speed low-pressure atmosphere is formed in the mixing chamber 20, and the mixture in the heat balance chamber is taken in. , no need to use equipment such as pumps. The above-described degreaser 62, the water eliminator 61, and the carrier gas heating chamber 63 can use existing equipment.

[0053] 本发明实施例中提供的气液双相制备粉体的***，工作过程为：预热箱与主加热箱中将原材料加热至不同物理状态，并在热平衡室中进行混合；载气处理系统 6中的高压载气经处理后进入第一拉瓦尔喷管 21，经第一拉瓦尔喷管 21的加速，在混合室 20中形成高速低压的气氛，吸入热平衡室中的混合物；热平衡室中的混合物注入混合室 20中与载气混合，并在载气的作用下进入第二拉瓦尔喷管 2 2，进一步加速并喷洒至主喷涂室 30内的传送带 33上；与此同吋，基体材料经过筛等预处理以及加热后喷洒至传送带 33的起始端，传送带 33带动基体材料往主喷涂室 30运行；第二拉瓦尔喷管 22喷出的物料喷洒至传送带 33基体材料上，进行复合，得到复合材料；最后再通过收料装置收集该复合材料。 [0054] 本发明实施例中提供的气液双相制备粉体的***，采用电磁波发射器辅助加热、活化、混合原材料，在节能降耗的基础上，将金属或者其他难溶的物质加热至液态、气态、等离子状态、超临界流体状态。因此，可以制造复合金属粉体材料、石墨烯等多种材料；应用拉瓦尔喷管高速低压的原理，原材料和高压载气在混合室进行混合，有利于充分快速的混合，节约了泵等设备；拉瓦尔喷管的使用，可以将高压载气最高加速到音速，有利于高度分散不同状态的物质，达到分子级别的混合尺度，喷涂到传送带可以得到超细颗粒，其表比面积大、活性高。载气、原材料、基体材料都可进行预处理，保证粉体的高纯度。 [0053] The system for preparing powder by gas-liquid two-phase provided in the embodiments of the present invention, the working process is: heating the raw materials to different physical states in the preheating box and the main heating box, and mixing in the heat balance chamber; The high-pressure carrier gas in the treatment system 6 is processed into the first Laval nozzle 21, and the acceleration of the first Laval nozzle 21 forms a high-speed low-pressure atmosphere in the mixing chamber 20, and is sucked into the mixture in the heat balance chamber; The mixture in the chamber is injected into the mixing chamber 20 to be mixed with the carrier gas, and enters the second Laval nozzle 2 2 under the action of the carrier gas, further accelerated and sprayed onto the conveyor belt 33 in the main spraying chamber 30; The base material is pretreated by a screen or the like and heated and sprayed to the beginning end of the conveyor belt 33. The conveyor belt 33 drives the base material to the main spray booth 30; the material sprayed from the second Laval nozzle 22 is sprayed onto the base material of the conveyor belt 33. The composite is obtained to obtain a composite material; finally, the composite material is collected by a receiving device. [0054] The system for preparing powder by gas-liquid two-phase provided in the embodiments of the present invention uses an electromagnetic wave transmitter to assist heating, activating, and mixing raw materials, and heating metal or other insoluble materials to energy saving and consumption reduction. Liquid, gaseous, plasma state, supercritical fluid state. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture various materials such as composite metal powder materials and graphene; using the principle of high-speed low-pressure of Laval nozzle, the raw materials and high-pressure carrier gas are mixed in the mixing chamber, which facilitates full and rapid mixing and saves pumps and other equipment. The use of Laval nozzles can accelerate the high-pressure carrier gas up to the speed of sound, which is conducive to the high dispersion of substances in different states, reaching the molecular level of mixing scale, spraying onto the conveyor belt to obtain ultra-fine particles, and its surface area is large and active. high. The carrier gas, raw materials and matrix materials can be pretreated to ensure high purity of the powder.

[0055] [0055]

[0056] 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。 The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and the equivalent structure or equivalent process transformations made by the description of the present invention and the drawings are used directly or indirectly. Other related technical fields are equally included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

权利要求书 Claim

[权利要求 1] 一种气液双相制备粉体的***，其特征在于，包括原材料热处理装置 [Claim 1] A system for preparing a powder by gas-liquid two-phase, comprising: a raw material heat treatment device

、混合装置以及喷涂装置； , mixing device and spraying device;

所述混合装置包括混合室、第一拉瓦尔喷管以及第二拉瓦尔喷管；所述混合室的顶部贯穿设置所述第一拉瓦尔喷管，所述混合室的底部连通所述第二拉瓦尔喷管；所述第二拉瓦尔喷管末端通入所述喷涂装置 The mixing device includes a mixing chamber, a first Laval nozzle, and a second Laval nozzle; a top of the mixing chamber is disposed through the first Laval nozzle, and a bottom of the mixing chamber is connected to the second Laval nozzle; the second Laval nozzle ends into the spraying device

所述原材料热处理装置将不同物理状态的原材料混合，且通过导管连接所述混合装置的混合室。 The raw material heat treatment device mixes raw materials of different physical states and connects the mixing chamber of the mixing device through a conduit.

[权利要求 2] 如权利要求 1所述的气液双相制备粉体的***，其特征在于，所述原材料热处理装置包括预热箱、主加热箱以及热平衡箱；所述预热箱将原材料加热至液态，所述主加热箱将原材料加热至气态； [Claim 2] The system for preparing a gas-liquid two-phase powder according to claim 1, wherein the raw material heat treatment device comprises a preheating tank, a main heating tank, and a heat balance tank; Heating to a liquid state, the main heating tank heating the raw material to a gaseous state;

所述预热箱底部以及主加热箱底部分别通过导管连接所述热平衡箱，所述热平衡箱底部通过导管连接所述混合室。 The bottom of the preheating tank and the bottom of the main heating tank are respectively connected to the heat balance box through a conduit, and the bottom of the heat balance box is connected to the mixing chamber through a conduit.

[权利要求 3] 如权利要求 2所述的气液双相制备粉体的***，其特征在于，所述预热箱包括第一箱体、第一加热夹套以及第一电磁波发射器；所述主加热箱包括第二箱体、第二加热夹套以及第二电磁波发射器；所述热平衡箱包括第三箱体、第三加热夹套以及第三电磁波发射器；所述第一箱体***设置所述第一加热夹套，所述第一箱体底部通过导管连接所述第三箱体，所述第一箱体的底部异于导管位置设置所述第一电磁波发射器；所述第二箱体***设置所述第二加热夹套，所述第二箱体底部通过导管连接所述第三箱体，所述第二箱体的底部异于导管位置设置所述第二电磁波发射器；所述第三箱体的***设置所述第三加热夹套，所述第三箱体的底部侧面通过导管连接所述混合室，所述第三箱体底部设置所述第三电磁波发射器。 [Claim 3] The system for preparing a gas-liquid two-phase powder according to claim 2, wherein the preheating box comprises a first tank, a first heating jacket, and a first electromagnetic wave emitter; The main heating tank includes a second tank, a second heating jacket, and a second electromagnetic wave transmitter; the heat balance box includes a third tank, a third heating jacket, and a third electromagnetic wave transmitter; Providing the first heating jacket at a periphery, the bottom of the first box is connected to the third box through a conduit, and the bottom of the first box is different from the position of the conduit to set the first electromagnetic wave emitter; The second heating jacket is disposed on a periphery of the second casing, the bottom of the second casing is connected to the third casing through a conduit, and the bottom of the second casing is disposed at a position different from the conduit position to set the second electromagnetic wave emission The third heating jacket is disposed on a periphery of the third casing, a bottom side of the third casing is connected to the mixing chamber through a conduit, and the third electromagnetic wave is disposed at a bottom of the third casing Device.

[权利要求 4] 如权利要求 1所述的气液双相制备粉体的***，其特征在于，所述混合装置还包括第四加热夹套，所述第四加热夹套包覆于所述混合室、第一拉瓦尔喷管以及第二拉瓦尔喷管***，且所述第四加热夹套的顶部和底部对应设置有固定所述第一拉瓦尔喷管以及第二拉瓦尔喷管的幵口。 [Claim 4] The system for preparing a gas-liquid two-phase powder according to claim 1, wherein the mixing device further comprises a fourth heating jacket, and the fourth heating jacket is coated on the a mixing chamber, a first Laval nozzle, and a periphery of the second Laval nozzle, and the top of the fourth heating jacket The portion and the bottom portion are correspondingly provided with a mouth opening for fixing the first Laval nozzle and the second Laval nozzle.

[权利要求 5] 如权利要求 1所述的气液双相制备粉体的***，其特征在于，所述喷涂装置包括喷涂室，所述喷涂室内设置传送带、主喷涂室以及粉体厚度调节器； [Claim 5] The system for preparing a gas-liquid two-phase powder according to claim 1, wherein the spraying device comprises a spraying chamber, and the spraying chamber is provided with a conveyor belt, a main spraying chamber, and a powder thickness adjuster ;

所述主喷涂室设置于所述喷涂室中部，所述主喷涂室顶部设置有供所述第二拉瓦尔喷管末端通入的幵口，所述主喷涂室内第二拉瓦尔喷管末端的下方设置所述传送带；所述传送带的一端上方设置所述粉体厚度调节器，所述粉体厚度调节器固定于所述主喷涂室侧面底部，且与所述传送带之间设定间隙控制传送带上材料层的厚度。 The main spraying chamber is disposed at a middle portion of the spraying chamber, and a top of the main spraying chamber is provided with a mouth for the end of the second Laval nozzle, and the end of the second Laval nozzle in the main spraying chamber Providing the conveyor belt below; the powder thickness adjuster is disposed above one end of the conveyor belt, the powder thickness adjuster is fixed to the bottom of the side of the main spray booth, and a gap control conveyor belt is set between the conveyor belt and the conveyor belt The thickness of the upper material layer.

[权利要求 6] 如权利要求 5所述的气液双相制备粉体的***，其特征在于，所述喷涂装置还包括热交换器； [Claim 6] The system for preparing a gas-liquid two-phase powder according to claim 5, wherein the spray coating device further comprises a heat exchanger;

所述热交换器设置于所述传送带内部空隙中与其上方传送带上的材料进行热交换。 The heat exchanger is disposed in the interior void of the conveyor belt for heat exchange with material on the conveyor belt above it.

[权利要求 7] 如权利要求 5所述的气液双相制备粉体的***，其特征在于，所述喷涂装置还包括收料装置；所述收料装置包括传送带清洁器、粉体收集室以及震动筛网； [Claim 7] The system for preparing a gas-liquid two-phase powder according to claim 5, wherein the spraying device further comprises a receiving device; the receiving device comprises a conveyor cleaner, a powder collecting chamber And a vibrating screen;

所述传送带传送末端连接所述粉体收集室，并设置有所述传送带清洁器清洁传送带；所述粉体收集室下端设置有幵口容置所述震动筛网；所述震动筛网包括筛网以及震动马达，所述震动马达带动所述筛网震动。 The conveyor belt conveying end is connected to the powder collecting chamber, and the belt cleaner cleaning belt is disposed; the lower end of the powder collecting chamber is provided with a mouthpiece for accommodating the vibrating screen; the vibrating screen comprises a screen The net and the vibration motor drive the screen to vibrate.

[权利要求 8] 如权利要求 5所述的气液双相制备粉体的***，其特征在于，所述系统还包括基体材料放料装置，所述基体材料放料装置包括预处理室以及加热室；所述预处理室连通所述加热室，所述加热室底部设置一导管通入所述喷涂室内，并位于所述传送带的起始端上方； [Claim 8] The system for preparing a gas-liquid two-phase powder according to claim 5, wherein the system further comprises a base material discharging device, the base material discharging device comprising a pretreatment chamber and heating The pretreatment chamber is connected to the heating chamber, and a conduit is arranged at the bottom of the heating chamber to enter the spraying chamber and is located above the starting end of the conveyor belt;

所述加热室底部导管的末端设置一喷嘴。 A nozzle is disposed at an end of the heating chamber bottom conduit.

[权利要求 9] 如权利要求 5所述的气液双相制备粉体的***，其特征在于，所述系统还包括保护气氛处理装置，所述保护气氛处理装置包括保护气体加热室以及气氛源室； [Claim 9] The system for preparing a gas-liquid two-phase powder according to claim 5, wherein the system further comprises a protective atmosphere treatment device, wherein the protective atmosphere treatment device includes a protective gas plus a hot chamber and an atmosphere source chamber;

所述气氛源室连通所述保护气体加热室，所述保护气体加热室下端设置一导管通入所述主喷涂室内。 The atmosphere source chamber communicates with the shielding gas heating chamber, and a conduit is disposed at a lower end of the shielding gas heating chamber to pass into the main spraying chamber.

[权利要求 10] 如权利要求 1所述的气液双相制备粉体的***，其特征在于，所述系统还包括载气处理***，所述载气处理***包括载气室、除油器、除水器以及载气加热室，所述载气室、除水器、除油器以及载气加热室依次连接，所述载气加热室下端设置幵口连接所述第一拉瓦尔喷管的顶部。 [Claim 10] The system for preparing a gas-liquid two-phase powder according to claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a carrier gas treatment system, the carrier gas treatment system comprising a carrier gas chamber and a degreaser a water eliminator and a carrier gas heating chamber, wherein the carrier gas chamber, the water eliminator, the oil eliminator and the carrier gas heating chamber are sequentially connected, and the lower end of the carrier gas heating chamber is provided with a spout to connect the first Laval nozzle the top of.