WO2017185826A1 - Connecting structure with transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell - Google Patents

Connecting structure with transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell Download PDF

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WO2017185826A1
WO2017185826A1 PCT/CN2017/070424 CN2017070424W WO2017185826A1 WO 2017185826 A1 WO2017185826 A1 WO 2017185826A1 CN 2017070424 W CN2017070424 W CN 2017070424W WO 2017185826 A1 WO2017185826 A1 WO 2017185826A1
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electrode
crystalline silicon
conductive film
transparent conductive
transparent
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PCT/CN2017/070424
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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钟宝申
李华
赵科雄
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乐叶光伏科技有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
    • H01L31/0516—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module specially adapted for interconnection of back-contact solar cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0224—Electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0224—Electrodes
    • H01L31/022466—Electrodes made of transparent conductive layers, e.g. TCO, ITO layers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular relates to a connection structure of a crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell with transparent electrodes.
  • the crystalline silicon component is the core terminal unit of photovoltaic power generation, and its conversion efficiency and cost will greatly affect the economic benefits of photovoltaic power plants.
  • the conversion efficiency of the cell gradually approaches the theoretical limit, it is increasingly difficult to further improve the conversion efficiency of the module by increasing the conversion efficiency of the cell.
  • the conversion efficiency of the packaged component is significantly reduced compared with the battery chip, and can not be eliminated at all times, for the following reasons:
  • First, the cell layout inside the component is connected by a conventional solder ribbon. Inevitably, blank areas are generated, and the strip itself also produces a certain amount of light shielding, which results in the actual power generation area of the component is smaller than the area of the entire component.
  • the solder joint is easy to produce solder joints, and the solder strip and the battery grid The contact resistance between the lines, which consumes a portion of the power in the form of internal resistance.
  • the metal electrode at the overlap has At a certain height, in the lamination process of the lamination, it is easy to form a hard contact in the peripheral region of the metal electrode, causing stress concentration, and in severe cases, causing cracking, which reduces the reliability of the assembly.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a connection structure of a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell, wherein the front and/or back electrodes of the cell constituting the photovoltaic module are made of a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode, which makes the electrode of the solar cell.
  • the amount of metal used is greatly reduced, and even metal can be used at all, reducing production costs.
  • the laminations increase the power generation area of the components, thereby increasing the power output of the components.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a connection structure of a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell comprises a plurality of battery strings connected in series by a solder ribbon, wherein a front surface electrode of the battery cell constituting the battery string is a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode, and a back surface electrode is a transparent conductive film-metal A composite electrode or a back metal electrode; adjacent cells are connected in an overlapping manner with the front and back electrodes, and the junction is filled with a conductive bonding agent.
  • the front and back electrodes have an overlap width of 0.5 to 3 mm.
  • the conductive bonding agent is a solder paste, a conductive tape or a conductive paste.
  • the transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode comprises: a transparent conductive film and a partial contact metal electrode; the local contact metal electrode is arranged on the anti-reflection film/passivation film on the surface of the crystal silicon wafer in a regular pattern, and partially contacts the metal
  • the electrode penetrating anti-reflection film/passivation film forms a local ohmic contact with the crystal silicon wafer; the transparent conductive film is disposed on the anti-reflection film/passivation film and the local contact metal electrode, and the local contact metal electrode is connected A conductive assembly of composite electrodes.
  • the transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode includes: a partially heavily doped region disposed on the crystalline silicon wafer and a transparent conductive film disposed on the anti-reflection film/passivation film, and the anti-reflection film/passivation film is disposed on the crystal On the silicon wafer and the partially heavily doped region; the partially heavily doped regions are arranged in a regular pattern on the front or back side of the crystalline silicon wafer, and the partially heavily doped regions are transparent to the corresponding locations
  • the conductive film is in direct contact, and the transparent conductive film connects the partially heavily doped regions into a conductive assembly of the composite electrode.
  • the rule pattern is a one-dimensional, two-dimensional geometric figure or a combination of one-dimensional and two-dimensional geometric figures; wherein the one-dimensional geometric pattern has a line width of 20 to 500 um, a number of 5 to 100, and a line length of 2 to 156mm; the size of the two-dimensional geometric pattern is 20-2000um, and the distance between two adjacent graphics centers is 0.5-10mm; wherein, the one-dimensional geometric figure is selected from: line segment, dotted line segment or arc; the two-dimensional geometric figure is selected from: circle Shape, ellipse, spindle, ring, polygon, polygon or fan.
  • the transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode comprises: a transparent conductive film and a doped crystalline silicon layer, the transparent conductive film is disposed on the doped crystalline silicon layer, and the doped crystalline silicon layer is disposed on the tunneling layer, tunneling The layer is placed over the silicon substrate.
  • the tunneling layer is a laminate of one or more thin films of silicon oxide, hafnium oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and amorphous silicon, and the tunneling layer has a thickness of 1 to 10 nm.
  • the transparent conductive film is further provided with a metal electrode; the metal electrode is arranged on the transparent conductive film in a regular pattern, and the regular pattern is a one-dimensional, two-dimensional geometric figure or a combination of one-dimensional and two-dimensional geometric figures.
  • the one-dimensional geometric pattern has a line width of 20 to 500 um, a number of 5 to 100, and a line length of 2 to 156 mm;
  • a two-dimensional geometric pattern has a size of 20 to 2000 um, and the adjacent two graphic center distances are 0.5 to ⁇ 10mm;
  • the one-dimensional geometric figure is selected from: a line segment, a broken line segment or an arc;
  • the two-dimensional geometric figure is selected from the group consisting of: a circle, an ellipse, a spindle, a ring, a polygon, a polygon or a fan.
  • the battery piece is a whole battery or a divided non-whole battery.
  • a plurality of whole cells or non-wound cells are connected in series by lamination to form a battery string, and a plurality of battery strings are connected in series by a solder ribbon.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
  • the invention provides a connection mode with a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell.
  • the component arrangement adopts a lamination technology, and adjacent cells are overlapped by a positive and a back surface through a conductive bonding agent to form a battery string.
  • the battery using the transparent electrode can bring the following benefits: (1) The use of metal (silver, copper, aluminum, nickel, etc.) for making solar cell electrodes is greatly reduced, or even completely The use of metal does not reduce the production cost; (2) the light shielding surface is actively small, and the assembly can be easily modified into a double glass component, which is equivalent to further increasing the power generation surface of the component on the basis of the laminated piece.
  • the present invention is applicable to three kinds of transparent conductive film-metal composite electrodes, so that the battery electrode structure of the assembly is more selected, and can be selected according to actual needs.
  • the cell stack structure of the present invention can realize that the battery sheet is a whole battery or a divided non-whole battery, and the combined connection is more convenient, and is not limited by the size of the battery sheet.
  • Figure 1-1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the overlapping of the front transparent conductive film and the back transparent conductive film;
  • Figure 1-2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the overlapping of the front transparent conductive film and the back metal electrode;
  • 2-1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode
  • 2-2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode
  • Figure 2-3 is a schematic view of a partial cross section of a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode
  • Figure 3-1 is a top plan view of a cell connection of a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode
  • Figure 3-2 shows a schematic view of a cell connection of a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode
  • Figure 3-3 shows a schematic view of a cell connection of a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode
  • Figure 4-1 Components formed by the entire battery sheet
  • Figure 4-2 Components formed by a half-cell cell.
  • 1 is a metal electrode
  • 2 is a transparent conductive film
  • 3 is an anti-reflection film/passivation film
  • 4 is a partial contact metal electrode
  • 5 is a partially heavily doped region
  • 6 is an N-type doped silicon layer
  • 7 is The tunneling oxide layer
  • 8 is a conductive bonding agent
  • 9 is a back metal electrode.
  • a connection structure of a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell is used for forming a photovoltaic module, and a front surface and/or a back surface electrode of the battery sheet is made of a transparent conductive film-metal composite. electrode.
  • the component configuration adopts a lamination technology, and the adjacent cell sheets are overlapped with the front and back sides, the overlap width is 0.5 to 3 mm, and the transparent conductive film 2 between the front and back surfaces or between the transparent conductive film 2 and the metal electrode 9 is filled.
  • conductive bonding agents 8 such as: solder paste, conductive tape, conductive adhesive and the like.
  • the transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode constitutes an electrically conductive connector of each cell in the assembly.
  • the composite electrode includes: a transparent conductive film 2, a partial contact metal electrode 4, and a metal electrode 1; the partial contact metal electrode 4 is arranged in a regular pattern on the anti-reflection film/passivation of the crystalline silicon solar cell.
  • the partial contact metal electrode 4 penetrates the anti-reflection film/passivation film 3 to form a local ohmic contact with the crystalline silicon wafer;
  • the metal electrode 1 is disposed on the transparent conductive film 2;
  • the transparent conductive film 2 is disposed On the anti-reflection film/passivation film 3 and the partial contact metal electrode 4, the local contact metal electrode 4 and the metal electrode 1 are connected to form a conductive assembly of a crystalline silicon solar cell electrode.
  • the second composite electrode includes: a partially heavily doped region 5 disposed on the crystalline silicon wafer, a transparent conductive film 2 disposed on the anti-reflection film/passivation film 3, and a transparent conductive layer.
  • a metal electrode 1 on the film 2, an anti-reflection film/passivation film 3 is disposed on the crystalline silicon wafer;
  • the partially heavily doped region 5 is arranged in a regular pattern on the front or back side of the crystalline silicon wafer, the partial weight
  • the doped region 5 is in direct contact with the transparent conductive film 2 at a corresponding position, and the transparent conductive film 2 connects the partially heavily doped region 5 and the metal electrode 1 into a transparent conductive assembly of a crystalline silicon battery electrode.
  • the second composite electrode includes: a metal electrode 1 , an N-type doped silicon layer 6 , and a tunneling oxide layer 7 disposed in order from the outside to the inside.
  • the tunneling oxide layer provides good adhesion to the back surface. Passivation, the N-type doped crystalline silicon layer 6 serves as a vertical conductive layer of charge, the transparent conductive film 2 serves as a lateral conductive layer of charge, and the metal electrode 1 on the transparent conductive film 2 functions as a charge collection and connection between the cells. .
  • the tunneling oxide layer 7 is a tunneling silicon oxide film.
  • the local contact metal electrode 4 or the partially heavily doped region 5 adopts an array or a solid or hollow pattern, and the pattern is one.
  • Dimensions, 2D geometry, or a combination of 1D and 2D geometry are selected from the group consisting of: a line segment, a broken line segment or an arc; and the two-dimensional geometric figure is selected from the group consisting of: a circle, an ellipse, a spindle, a ring, a polygon, a polygon or a fan.
  • the present invention preferentially considers a one-dimensional gate line metal electrode pattern.
  • the metal electrodes 1 on the transparent conductive film 2 are in a parallel line structure or a grid line structure in which battery strings are connected in the direction in which the metal electrodes 1 are disposed.
  • the metal electrode 1 is transparent to the transparent conductive film 2, and conduction of the battery can also be achieved by the laminate.
  • the cell is a monolithic cell of a single crystal or polycrystalline silicon cell or a divided non-wound cell.
  • the above method for densely arranging a solar cell module includes the following steps:
  • the front and/or back electrodes of the cell sheets are transparent conductive films-metal composite electrodes, and the metal patterns in the composite electrodes are one-dimensional, two-dimensional geometric figures or one-dimensional and two-dimensional A combination of dimensional geometry.
  • the one-dimensional metal pattern has a line width of 20 to 500 um, a number of 5 to 100, and a line length of 2 to 156 mm; a two-dimensional metal pattern has a size of 20 to 2000 um, and the adjacent two pattern center distances are 0.5 to 10 mm.
  • the battery is an industry standard full-size battery (Figure 4-1) or a split non-full-size battery ( Figure 4-2).
  • the conductive bonding agent 8 is a solder paste, a conductive tape, a conductive adhesive or the like.
  • the packaging material includes EVA, TPA, photovoltaic glass, and the like.
  • the single crystal cell is efficiently binned, the cell is M2, and the front and back electrodes are both made of a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode.
  • the single crystal cell is efficiently binned, the cell is M2, the front electrode is a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode, and the back electrode is a metal electrode.
  • the polycrystalline cell is efficiently binned, the cell is M2, the front electrode is a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode, and the back electrode is a metal electrode.
  • the conductive paste is used to overlap the front and back sides of the adjacent battery sheets, and the leads for connecting the battery strings and the junction boxes are made.
  • the width of the front and back of the cell overlap is 1 mm, and each of the 10 cells is connected in series through a lamination to form a battery string, and each of the six battery strings is connected in series by a solder ribbon.
  • the package is cured after being framed and glued for 24 to 48 hours to form a densely packed component.

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  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
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Abstract

A connecting structure with a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell. A cell sheet front electrode forming a battery string is a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode, and a back electrode is a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode or a back metal electrode; two adjacent crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell sheets are connected in series in such a manner that the front electrode and the back electrode overlap, with a junction therebetween filled with a conductive binder (8), so that a circuit of the battery string passes therethrough. The cell sheet front and/or back electrode forming a photovoltaic assembly employs a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode, so that the use of metal in producing a solar cell electrode is greatly reduced or even completely avoided, a shaded area is decreased, and the production cost is lowered. The overlapping connection of the cell sheets further increases the power generation area of the assembly, thereby improving the power output of the assembly.

Description

一种具有透明电极晶体硅光伏电池的连接结构Connection structure of crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell with transparent electrode 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于太阳能电池技术领域，特别涉及一种具有透明电极晶体硅光伏电池的连接结构。The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular relates to a connection structure of a crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell with transparent electrodes.
背景技术Background technique
自1954年第一块太阳能电池在贝尔实验室诞生以来，晶体硅太阳能电池得到了广泛的应用，转换效率不断提升，生产成本持续下降。目前，晶体硅太阳能电池占太阳能电池全球市场总额的80％以上，组件的产线转换效率目前已突破20％，全球年新增装机容量约50GW且增速明显，与火力发电的度电成本不断缩小，在未来几年有望与之持平。晶体硅太阳能电池作为一种清洁能源在改变能源结构、缓解环境压力等方面的重要作用日益凸显。Since the birth of the first solar cell in Bell Labs in 1954, crystalline silicon solar cells have been widely used, conversion efficiency has continued to increase, and production costs have continued to decline. At present, crystalline silicon solar cells account for more than 80% of the global market for solar cells, and the conversion efficiency of components has exceeded 20%. The annual installed capacity of the world is about 50GW and the growth rate is obvious, and the cost of electricity for thermal power generation is constant. Shrinking is expected to be equal to it in the next few years. The role of crystalline silicon solar cells as a clean energy source in changing energy structure and mitigating environmental pressure has become increasingly prominent.
晶硅组件是光伏发电的核心终端单元，其转换效率与成本将极大影响光伏电站的经济收益。在电池片的转换效率逐渐逼近理论极限的情况下，想进一步通过提高电池片的转换效率来提高组件的转换效率显得愈发困难。按常规的组件配置方式，与电池片相比封装后的组件转换效率会明显降低，且始终无法消除，产生的原因包括：第一，组件内部的电池片排布由于采用传统的焊带连接而不可避免的产生空白区域，及焊带本身也会产生一定的光遮挡，这导致组件的实际发电面积小于整个组件的面积；第二，由于焊带焊接容易产生虚焊，及焊带与电池栅线之间的接触电阻，这些都会以内阻的形式消耗一部分功率。The crystalline silicon component is the core terminal unit of photovoltaic power generation, and its conversion efficiency and cost will greatly affect the economic benefits of photovoltaic power plants. In the case where the conversion efficiency of the cell gradually approaches the theoretical limit, it is increasingly difficult to further improve the conversion efficiency of the module by increasing the conversion efficiency of the cell. According to the conventional component configuration method, the conversion efficiency of the packaged component is significantly reduced compared with the battery chip, and can not be eliminated at all times, for the following reasons: First, the cell layout inside the component is connected by a conventional solder ribbon. Inevitably, blank areas are generated, and the strip itself also produces a certain amount of light shielding, which results in the actual power generation area of the component is smaller than the area of the entire component. Second, the solder joint is easy to produce solder joints, and the solder strip and the battery grid The contact resistance between the lines, which consumes a portion of the power in the form of internal resistance.
为了解决上述问题，组件叠片封装技术应运而生，并得到愈来愈广泛的应用，光伏公司如科根纳、阿特斯、协鑫等在叠片封装技术上均有较深入的研究。该技术极大的降低了组件中的空白区域，使单位面积的组件能够封装更多的电池片，降低了每瓦的封装成本，且相邻电池串联的接触面积增大，导电性得到改善。但这种技术的实现是基于电池表面制作有金属电极的情 况下，这势必会带来两个问题：第一，由于金属电极产生的光遮挡及材料成本，不利于电池效率的进一步提高与成本的进一步下降；第二，交叠处的金属电极由于具有一定的高度，在叠片的压合工艺中容易在金属电极的周边区域形成硬接触，产生应力集中，严重时可引起隐裂，使组件的可靠性降低。In order to solve the above problems, component lamination packaging technology emerged as the times require, and more and more widely used applications, photovoltaic companies such as Kegner, Artes, GCL, etc. have in-depth research on laminated package technology. This technology greatly reduces the blank area in the component, enabling components per unit area to package more cells, reducing the cost per watt of packaging, and increasing the contact area of adjacent cells in series, and improving conductivity. But the realization of this technology is based on the fact that the surface of the battery is made of metal electrodes. Under the circumstance, this will inevitably bring two problems: First, due to the light shielding and material cost generated by the metal electrode, it is not conducive to further improvement of battery efficiency and further cost reduction; second, the metal electrode at the overlap has At a certain height, in the lamination process of the lamination, it is easy to form a hard contact in the peripheral region of the metal electrode, causing stress concentration, and in severe cases, causing cracking, which reduces the reliability of the assembly.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是提供了一种具有透明电极晶体硅光伏电池的连接结构，构成光伏组件的电池片正面和/或背面电极采用透明导电膜-金属复合电极，该光伏组件使制作太阳能电池电极的金属使用量大幅降低，甚至可以完全不使用金属，降低了生产成本。叠片的基础上增加了组件的可发电面积，从而提高组件的功率输出。The object of the present invention is to provide a connection structure of a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell, wherein the front and/or back electrodes of the cell constituting the photovoltaic module are made of a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode, which makes the electrode of the solar cell. The amount of metal used is greatly reduced, and even metal can be used at all, reducing production costs. The laminations increase the power generation area of the components, thereby increasing the power output of the components.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种具有透明电极晶体硅光伏电池的连接结构，包括由焊带串联的若干电池组串，构成电池组串的电池片正面电极为透明导电膜-金属复合电极，背面电极为透明导电膜-金属复合电极或背面金属电极；相邻的电池片以正、背面电极交叠方式连接，连接处填充导电结合剂。A connection structure of a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell comprises a plurality of battery strings connected in series by a solder ribbon, wherein a front surface electrode of the battery cell constituting the battery string is a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode, and a back surface electrode is a transparent conductive film-metal A composite electrode or a back metal electrode; adjacent cells are connected in an overlapping manner with the front and back electrodes, and the junction is filled with a conductive bonding agent.
正、背面电极交叠宽度为0.5～3mm。The front and back electrodes have an overlap width of 0.5 to 3 mm.
所述的导电结合剂为锡膏、导电胶带或导电胶。The conductive bonding agent is a solder paste, a conductive tape or a conductive paste.
所述的透明导电膜-金属复合电极包括：透明导电膜和局部接触金属电极；局部接触金属电极以规则图案方式排布在晶体硅片表面的减反射膜/钝化膜上，且局部接触金属电极穿透减反射膜/钝化膜与晶体硅片形成局部欧姆接触；所述的透明导电膜设置在减反射膜/钝化膜及局部接触金属电极之上，并将局部接触金属电极连接成为复合电极的导电组合体。The transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode comprises: a transparent conductive film and a partial contact metal electrode; the local contact metal electrode is arranged on the anti-reflection film/passivation film on the surface of the crystal silicon wafer in a regular pattern, and partially contacts the metal The electrode penetrating anti-reflection film/passivation film forms a local ohmic contact with the crystal silicon wafer; the transparent conductive film is disposed on the anti-reflection film/passivation film and the local contact metal electrode, and the local contact metal electrode is connected A conductive assembly of composite electrodes.
所述的透明导电膜-金属复合电极包括：设置在晶体硅片上的局部重掺杂区和设置在减反射膜/钝化膜上的透明导电膜，减反射膜/钝化膜设置在晶体硅片和局部重掺杂区上；所述的局部重掺杂区按照规则图案布置在晶体硅片的正面或背面，所述的局部重掺杂区与对应位置的透 明导电膜直接接触，透明导电膜将局部重掺杂区连接成为复合电极的导电组合体。The transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode includes: a partially heavily doped region disposed on the crystalline silicon wafer and a transparent conductive film disposed on the anti-reflection film/passivation film, and the anti-reflection film/passivation film is disposed on the crystal On the silicon wafer and the partially heavily doped region; the partially heavily doped regions are arranged in a regular pattern on the front or back side of the crystalline silicon wafer, and the partially heavily doped regions are transparent to the corresponding locations The conductive film is in direct contact, and the transparent conductive film connects the partially heavily doped regions into a conductive assembly of the composite electrode.
所述的规则图案为一维、二维几何图形或一维与二维几何图形的组合；其中，一维几何图案的线宽为20～500um，数量为5～100根，线长为2～156mm；二维几何图案的尺寸为20～2000um，相邻两个图形中心距为0.5～10mm；其中，一维几何图形选自：线段、虚线段或弧线；二维几何图形选自：圆形、椭圆形、纺锤形、环形、多边形、多角形或扇形。The rule pattern is a one-dimensional, two-dimensional geometric figure or a combination of one-dimensional and two-dimensional geometric figures; wherein the one-dimensional geometric pattern has a line width of 20 to 500 um, a number of 5 to 100, and a line length of 2 to 156mm; the size of the two-dimensional geometric pattern is 20-2000um, and the distance between two adjacent graphics centers is 0.5-10mm; wherein, the one-dimensional geometric figure is selected from: line segment, dotted line segment or arc; the two-dimensional geometric figure is selected from: circle Shape, ellipse, spindle, ring, polygon, polygon or fan.
所述的透明导电膜-金属复合电极包括：透明导电膜和掺杂晶硅层，透明导电膜设置在掺杂晶硅层之上，掺杂晶硅层设置在隧穿层之上，隧穿层设置在硅基体之上。The transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode comprises: a transparent conductive film and a doped crystalline silicon layer, the transparent conductive film is disposed on the doped crystalline silicon layer, and the doped crystalline silicon layer is disposed on the tunneling layer, tunneling The layer is placed over the silicon substrate.
隧穿层为氧化硅、二氧化铪、氮化硅、氮氧化硅、非晶硅的一种或多种薄膜的叠层，隧穿层的厚度为1～10nm。The tunneling layer is a laminate of one or more thin films of silicon oxide, hafnium oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and amorphous silicon, and the tunneling layer has a thickness of 1 to 10 nm.
所述的透明导电膜上还设置有金属电极；金属电极以规则图案方式排布在透明导电膜上，所述的规则图案为一维、二维几何图形或一维与二维几何图形的组合；其中，一维几何图案的线宽为20～500um，数量为5～100根，线长为2～156mm；二维几何图案的尺寸为20～2000um，相邻两个图形中心距为0.5～10mm；其中，一维几何图形选自：线段、虚线段或弧线；二维几何图形选自：圆形、椭圆形、纺锤形、环形、多边形、多角形或扇形。The transparent conductive film is further provided with a metal electrode; the metal electrode is arranged on the transparent conductive film in a regular pattern, and the regular pattern is a one-dimensional, two-dimensional geometric figure or a combination of one-dimensional and two-dimensional geometric figures. Wherein, the one-dimensional geometric pattern has a line width of 20 to 500 um, a number of 5 to 100, and a line length of 2 to 156 mm; a two-dimensional geometric pattern has a size of 20 to 2000 um, and the adjacent two graphic center distances are 0.5 to ～ 10mm; wherein the one-dimensional geometric figure is selected from: a line segment, a broken line segment or an arc; the two-dimensional geometric figure is selected from the group consisting of: a circle, an ellipse, a spindle, a ring, a polygon, a polygon or a fan.
所述的电池片为整片电池或分割后的非整片电池。若干个整片电池或非整片电池通过叠片串联形成1个电池组串，若干个电池组串再通过焊带串联在一起。The battery piece is a whole battery or a divided non-whole battery. A plurality of whole cells or non-wound cells are connected in series by lamination to form a battery string, and a plurality of battery strings are connected in series by a solder ribbon.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益的技术效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
本发明给出了具有透明电极晶体硅光伏电池的一种连接方式，组件配置采用叠片技术，相邻电池片以正、背面通过导电结合剂交叠连接，形成电池组串。与目前常规的叠片封装技术相比，采用透明电极的电池能带来如下收益：(1)使制作太阳能电池电极的金属(银、铜、铝、镍等)使用量大幅降低，甚至可以完全不使用金属，降低了生产成本；(2)光遮挡面积极小，且组件可以很容易的改进为双玻组件，这相当于在叠片的基础上进一步增加了组件的可发电面 积，从而提高组件的功率输出；(3)在叠片封装时，由于电池片交叠处只需要很少量的金属电极或甚至可以做到无金属电极，所以可避免由金属电极导致的硬接触，降低组件隐裂风险；(4)由于透明导电膜覆盖整个电池片的正面和/或背面，导电性能显著改善。The invention provides a connection mode with a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell. The component arrangement adopts a lamination technology, and adjacent cells are overlapped by a positive and a back surface through a conductive bonding agent to form a battery string. Compared with the conventional laminated package technology, the battery using the transparent electrode can bring the following benefits: (1) The use of metal (silver, copper, aluminum, nickel, etc.) for making solar cell electrodes is greatly reduced, or even completely The use of metal does not reduce the production cost; (2) the light shielding surface is actively small, and the assembly can be easily modified into a double glass component, which is equivalent to further increasing the power generation surface of the component on the basis of the laminated piece. Product, thereby increasing the power output of the component; (3) in the lamination package, since the cell overlap requires only a small amount of metal electrodes or even a metal-free electrode, the hardness caused by the metal electrode can be avoided. Contact, reducing the risk of component cracking; (4) Since the transparent conductive film covers the front and/or back of the entire cell, the conductivity is significantly improved.
进一步，本发明适用于三种透明导电膜-金属复合电极，使该组件的电池电极结构选择更多，可以根据实际需求进行选择。Further, the present invention is applicable to three kinds of transparent conductive film-metal composite electrodes, so that the battery electrode structure of the assembly is more selected, and can be selected according to actual needs.
进一步，本发明的电池片叠片结构，可以实现电池片为整片电池或分割后的非整片电池，组合连接更加方便，不受电池片大小的限制。Further, the cell stack structure of the present invention can realize that the battery sheet is a whole battery or a divided non-whole battery, and the combined connection is more convenient, and is not limited by the size of the battery sheet.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1-1电池正面透明导电膜与背面透明导电膜交叠局部剖面示意图；Figure 1-1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the overlapping of the front transparent conductive film and the back transparent conductive film;
图1-2电池正面透明导电膜与背面金属电极交叠局部剖面示意图；Figure 1-2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the overlapping of the front transparent conductive film and the back metal electrode;
图2-1透明导电膜-金属复合电极局部剖面示意图一；2-1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode;
图2-2透明导电膜-金属复合电极局部剖面示意图二；2-2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode;
图2-3透明导电膜-金属复合电极局部剖面示意图三；Figure 2-3 is a schematic view of a partial cross section of a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode;
图3-1具有透明导电膜-金属复合电极的电池片连接局部俯视示意图一；Figure 3-1 is a top plan view of a cell connection of a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode;
图3-2具有透明导电膜-金属复合电极的电池片连接局部俯视示意图二；Figure 3-2 shows a schematic view of a cell connection of a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode;
图3-3具有透明导电膜-金属复合电极的电池片连接局部俯视示意图三；Figure 3-3 shows a schematic view of a cell connection of a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode;
图4-1整片电池片形成的组件；Figure 4-1 Components formed by the entire battery sheet;
图4-2半片电池片形成的组件。Figure 4-2 Components formed by a half-cell cell.
其中，1为金属电极，2为透明导电膜，3为减反射膜/钝化膜，4为局部接触金属电极，5为局部重掺杂区，6为N型掺杂晶硅层，7为隧穿氧化层，8为导电结合剂，9为背面金属电极。Wherein, 1 is a metal electrode, 2 is a transparent conductive film, 3 is an anti-reflection film/passivation film, 4 is a partial contact metal electrode, 5 is a partially heavily doped region, 6 is an N-type doped silicon layer, 7 is The tunneling oxide layer, 8 is a conductive bonding agent, and 9 is a back metal electrode.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明。The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1-1和图1-2所示，本发明一种具有透明电极晶体硅光伏电池的连接结构，用于形成光伏组件，其电池片正面和/或背面电极采用透明导电膜-金属复合电极。组件配置采用叠片技术，相邻电池片以正、背面交叠连接，交叠宽度为0.5～3mm，正面和背面的透明导电膜2之间、或透明导电膜2与金属电极9之间填充有导电结合剂8如：锡膏、导电胶带、导电胶等。透明导电膜-金属复合电极构成了组件内各电池片的导电连接体。As shown in FIG. 1-1 and FIG. 1-2, a connection structure of a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell is used for forming a photovoltaic module, and a front surface and/or a back surface electrode of the battery sheet is made of a transparent conductive film-metal composite. electrode. The component configuration adopts a lamination technology, and the adjacent cell sheets are overlapped with the front and back sides, the overlap width is 0.5 to 3 mm, and the transparent conductive film 2 between the front and back surfaces or between the transparent conductive film 2 and the metal electrode 9 is filled. There are conductive bonding agents 8 such as: solder paste, conductive tape, conductive adhesive and the like. The transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode constitutes an electrically conductive connector of each cell in the assembly.
这种复合电极的结构见图2-1、2-2、2-3，具体结构如下：The structure of this composite electrode is shown in Figure 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, and the specific structure is as follows:
如图2-1所示，复合电极包括：透明导电膜2、局部接触金属电极4和金属电极1；局部接触金属电极4以规则图案方式排布在晶体硅太阳能电池的减反射膜/钝化膜3上，且局部接触金属电极4穿透减反射膜/钝化膜3与晶体硅片形成局部欧姆接触；所述金属电极1设置于透明导电膜2上；所述的透明导电膜2设置在减反射膜/钝化膜3及局部接触金属电极4之上，并将局部接触金属电极4及金属电极1连接成为晶体硅太阳能电池电极的导电组合体。As shown in FIG. 2-1, the composite electrode includes: a transparent conductive film 2, a partial contact metal electrode 4, and a metal electrode 1; the partial contact metal electrode 4 is arranged in a regular pattern on the anti-reflection film/passivation of the crystalline silicon solar cell. On the film 3, and the partial contact metal electrode 4 penetrates the anti-reflection film/passivation film 3 to form a local ohmic contact with the crystalline silicon wafer; the metal electrode 1 is disposed on the transparent conductive film 2; the transparent conductive film 2 is disposed On the anti-reflection film/passivation film 3 and the partial contact metal electrode 4, the local contact metal electrode 4 and the metal electrode 1 are connected to form a conductive assembly of a crystalline silicon solar cell electrode.
如图2-2所示，第二种复合电极包括：设置在晶体硅片上的局部重掺杂区5、设置在减反射膜/钝化膜3上的透明导电膜2和设置在透明导电膜2上的金属电极1，减反射膜/钝化膜3设置在晶体硅片上；所述的局部重掺杂区5按照规则图案布置在晶体硅片的正面或背面，所述的局部重掺杂区5与对应位置的透明导电膜2直接接触，透明导电膜2将局部重掺杂区5及金属电极1连接成为晶体硅电池电极的透明导电组合体。As shown in FIG. 2-2, the second composite electrode includes: a partially heavily doped region 5 disposed on the crystalline silicon wafer, a transparent conductive film 2 disposed on the anti-reflection film/passivation film 3, and a transparent conductive layer. a metal electrode 1 on the film 2, an anti-reflection film/passivation film 3 is disposed on the crystalline silicon wafer; the partially heavily doped region 5 is arranged in a regular pattern on the front or back side of the crystalline silicon wafer, the partial weight The doped region 5 is in direct contact with the transparent conductive film 2 at a corresponding position, and the transparent conductive film 2 connects the partially heavily doped region 5 and the metal electrode 1 into a transparent conductive assembly of a crystalline silicon battery electrode.
如图2-3所示，第二种复合电极包括：由外到内依次设置的金属电极1、N型掺杂晶硅层6和隧穿氧化层7，隧穿氧化层对背面提供良好的钝化，N型掺杂晶硅层6作为电荷的垂直传导层，透明导电膜2作为电荷的横向传导层，透明导电膜2上的金属电极1起到电荷汇集及电池片之间连接的作用。隧穿氧化层7为隧穿氧化硅薄膜。As shown in FIG. 2-3, the second composite electrode includes: a metal electrode 1 , an N-type doped silicon layer 6 , and a tunneling oxide layer 7 disposed in order from the outside to the inside. The tunneling oxide layer provides good adhesion to the back surface. Passivation, the N-type doped crystalline silicon layer 6 serves as a vertical conductive layer of charge, the transparent conductive film 2 serves as a lateral conductive layer of charge, and the metal electrode 1 on the transparent conductive film 2 functions as a charge collection and connection between the cells. . The tunneling oxide layer 7 is a tunneling silicon oxide film.
其中，局部接触金属电极4或局部重掺杂区5采取阵列分布的实心或镂空图案，图案为一 维、二维几何图形或一维与二维几何图形的组合。其中，一维几何图形选自：线段、虚线段或弧线；二维几何图形选自：圆形、椭圆形、纺锤形、环形、多边形、多角形或扇形。本发明优先考虑一维栅线状金属电极图案。Wherein, the local contact metal electrode 4 or the partially heavily doped region 5 adopts an array or a solid or hollow pattern, and the pattern is one. Dimensions, 2D geometry, or a combination of 1D and 2D geometry. Wherein, the one-dimensional geometric figure is selected from the group consisting of: a line segment, a broken line segment or an arc; and the two-dimensional geometric figure is selected from the group consisting of: a circle, an ellipse, a spindle, a ring, a polygon, a polygon or a fan. The present invention preferentially considers a one-dimensional gate line metal electrode pattern.
如图3-1和3-2所示，透明导电膜2上的金属电极1为平行线结构或者为网格线结构，其中电池组串沿金属电极1的设置方向连接。如图3-3所示，透明到透明导电膜2上无金属电极1，通过该叠层的也能够实现电池的导通。As shown in FIGS. 3-1 and 3-2, the metal electrodes 1 on the transparent conductive film 2 are in a parallel line structure or a grid line structure in which battery strings are connected in the direction in which the metal electrodes 1 are disposed. As shown in Fig. 3-3, the metal electrode 1 is transparent to the transparent conductive film 2, and conduction of the battery can also be achieved by the laminate.
如图4-1和4-2所示，电池片为单晶或多晶硅电池片的整片电池或分割后的非整片电池。As shown in Figures 4-1 and 4-2, the cell is a monolithic cell of a single crystal or polycrystalline silicon cell or a divided non-wound cell.
上述太阳能电池组件密集配置的方法，包括下述步骤：The above method for densely arranging a solar cell module includes the following steps:
1)将单晶或多晶硅电池片按等级分类，电池片的正面和/或背面电极为透明导电膜-金属复合电极，复合电极中的金属图案为一维、二维几何图形或一维与二维几何图形的组合。其中，一维金属图案的线宽为20～500um，数量为5～100根，线长为2～156mm；二维金属图案的尺寸为20～2000um，相邻两个图形中心距为0.5～10mm。电池片为行业标准的整片电池(如图4-1)或分割后的非整片电池(如图4-2)。1) classifying single crystal or polycrystalline silicon cells according to grades, the front and/or back electrodes of the cell sheets are transparent conductive films-metal composite electrodes, and the metal patterns in the composite electrodes are one-dimensional, two-dimensional geometric figures or one-dimensional and two-dimensional A combination of dimensional geometry. The one-dimensional metal pattern has a line width of 20 to 500 um, a number of 5 to 100, and a line length of 2 to 156 mm; a two-dimensional metal pattern has a size of 20 to 2000 um, and the adjacent two pattern center distances are 0.5 to 10 mm. . The battery is an industry standard full-size battery (Figure 4-1) or a split non-full-size battery (Figure 4-2).
2)在电池片的交叠处涂敷导电结合剂8，并制作连接各电池串、接线盒的引线。电池片正背面交叠的宽度为0.5～3mm，导电结合剂为锡膏、导电胶带、导电胶等。2) Apply a conductive bonding agent 8 at the overlap of the battery sheets, and make leads connecting the battery strings and the junction boxes. The width of the front and back of the battery sheet overlaps from 0.5 to 3 mm, and the conductive bonding agent is a solder paste, a conductive tape, a conductive adhesive or the like.
3)在采用叠片技术形成的电池串上覆盖封装材料，封装材料包括EVA、TPA、光伏玻璃等。3) Covering the packaging material on the battery string formed by the lamination technology, and the packaging material includes EVA, TPA, photovoltaic glass, and the like.
4)采用热压法将封装材料和电池组串结合为一个整体。4) The package material and the battery string are combined into one unit by hot pressing.
5)进行修边和EL测试。5) Perform trimming and EL testing.
6)将封装件经过组框、打胶处理后进行24～48小时固化。6) After the package is subjected to the frame and glued, it is cured for 24 to 48 hours.
7)对组件进行性能测试。7) Perform performance testing on the components.
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的光伏组件制作方法进行详细说明：The method for fabricating the photovoltaic module of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments:
实施例1： Example 1:
(1)将单晶电池片进行效率分档，电池片为M2规格，正面与背面电极均采用透明导电膜-金属复合电极。(1) The single crystal cell is efficiently binned, the cell is M2, and the front and back electrodes are both made of a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode.
(2)在电池片的交叠处涂敷锡膏，并制作连接各电池组串、接线盒的引线。电池片正背面交叠的宽度为1.5mm，每10个电池片通过叠片串联形成1个电池组串，每6个电池组串再通过焊带串联在一起。(2) Apply solder paste to the overlap of the battery sheets, and make leads for connecting the battery strings and the junction boxes. The width of the front and back of the cell overlap is 1.5 mm, and each of the 10 cells is connected in series through a laminate to form a battery string, and each of the six battery strings is connected in series by a solder ribbon.
(3)从下到上按光伏玻璃、EVA、电池组串、EVA、光伏玻璃的顺序进行叠层处理。(3) Laminating treatment in the order of photovoltaic glass, EVA, battery string, EVA, and photovoltaic glass from bottom to top.
(4)在140℃下采用层压机进行层压处理，使EVA发生交联，将电池组串与光伏玻璃封装结合在一起。(4) Lamination treatment was carried out at 140 ° C using a laminator to crosslink the EVA, and the battery string was bonded to the photovoltaic glass package.
(5)进行修边和EL测试。(5) Perform trimming and EL testing.
(6)将封装件经过组框、打胶处理后进行24～48小时固化，最终形成可双面受光发电的双玻密集配置组件。(6) After the package is subjected to the frame and glue treatment, it is cured for 24 to 48 hours, and finally a double-glass densely arranged component capable of double-sided light-receiving power generation is formed.
(7)对双玻密集配置组件进行性能测试。(7) Perform performance tests on dual-glass densely-configured components.
实施例2：Example 2:
(1)将单晶电池片进行效率分档，电池片为M2规格，正面电极采用透明导电膜-金属复合电极，背面电极为金属电极。(1) The single crystal cell is efficiently binned, the cell is M2, the front electrode is a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode, and the back electrode is a metal electrode.
(2)将M2电池片进行二等分切割处理；(2) Performing a two-division cutting process on the M2 battery;
(3)采用导电胶带将相邻半电池片的正背面交叠在一起，并制作连接各电池组串、接线盒的引线。半电池片正背面交叠的宽度为2mm，每20个半电池片通过叠片串联形成1个电池组串，每6个电池组串再通过焊带串联在一起。(3) The positive and negative sides of the adjacent half-cell sheets are overlapped by conductive tape, and the leads connecting the battery strings and the junction boxes are made. The width of the front and back sides of the half-cell sheet is 2 mm, and each of the 20 half-cell sheets is connected in series through the laminated sheets to form one battery string, and each of the six battery strings is connected in series by a welding strip.
(4)从下到上按TPA、EVA、电池组串、EVA、光伏玻璃的顺序进行叠层处理。(4) Laminating treatment in the order of TPA, EVA, battery string, EVA, and photovoltaic glass from bottom to top.
(5)在150℃下采用高压釜进行层压处理，使EVA发生交联，将电池组串、光伏玻璃及TPA封装结合在一起。 (5) Lamination treatment was carried out at 150 ° C in an autoclave to crosslink the EVA, and the battery string, photovoltaic glass and TPA package were combined.
(6)进行修边和EL测试。(6) Perform trimming and EL testing.
(7)将封装件经过组框、打胶处理后进行24～48小时固化，最终形成密集配置组件。(7) After the package is subjected to the frame and glue treatment, it is cured for 24 to 48 hours, and finally a densely arranged component is formed.
(8)对密集配置组件进行性能测试。(8) Performance testing of densely configured components.
实施例3：Example 3:
(1)将多晶电池片进行效率分档，电池片为M2规格，正面电极采用透明导电膜-金属复合电极，背面电极为金属电极。(1) The polycrystalline cell is efficiently binned, the cell is M2, the front electrode is a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode, and the back electrode is a metal electrode.
(2)采用导电胶将相邻电池片的正背面交叠在一起，并制作连接各电池组串、接线盒的引线。电池片正背面交叠的宽度为1mm，每10个电池片通过叠片串联形成1个电池组串，每6个电池组串再通过焊带串联在一起。(2) The conductive paste is used to overlap the front and back sides of the adjacent battery sheets, and the leads for connecting the battery strings and the junction boxes are made. The width of the front and back of the cell overlap is 1 mm, and each of the 10 cells is connected in series through a lamination to form a battery string, and each of the six battery strings is connected in series by a solder ribbon.
(3)从下到上按TPA、EVA、电池组串、EVA、光伏玻璃的顺序进行叠层处理。(3) Stacking in the order of TPA, EVA, battery string, EVA, and photovoltaic glass from bottom to top.
(4)在140℃下采用层压机进行层压处理，使EVA发生交联，将电池组串、光伏玻璃及TPA封装结合在一起。(4) Lamination treatment was carried out at 140 ° C using a laminator to crosslink the EVA, and the battery string, photovoltaic glass and TPA package were combined.
(5)进行修边和EL测试。(5) Perform trimming and EL testing.
(6)将封装件经过组框、打胶处理后进行24～48小时固化，最终形成密集配置组件。(6) The package is cured after being framed and glued for 24 to 48 hours to form a densely packed component.
(7)对密集配置组件进行性能测试。(7) Performance testing of densely configured components.
以上所述仅为本发明的几种实施方式，不是全部或唯一的实施方式，本领域普通技术人员通过阅读本发明说明书而对本发明技术方案采取的任何等效的变换，均为本发明的权利要求所涵盖。 The above are only the several embodiments of the present invention, and are not all or the only embodiments. Any equivalent changes taken by those skilled in the art by reading the description of the present invention are the rights of the present invention. The requirements are covered.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种具有透明电极晶体硅光伏电池的连接结构，其特征在于，构成电池组串的电池片正面电极为透明导电膜-金属复合电极，背面电极为透明导电膜-金属复合电极或背面金属电极(9)；相邻的电池片以正、背面电极交叠方式连接，连接处填充导电结合剂(8)。A connection structure of a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell, characterized in that a front surface electrode of a battery piece constituting a battery string is a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode, and a back surface electrode is a transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode or a back metal electrode ( 9); adjacent cells are connected in an overlapping manner with the front and back electrodes, and the joint is filled with a conductive bonding agent (8).
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有透明电极晶体硅光伏电池的连接结构，其特征在于，正、背面电极交叠宽度为0.5～3mm。The connection structure of a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, wherein the front and back electrodes have an overlap width of 0.5 to 3 mm.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有透明电极晶体硅光伏电池的连接结构，其特征在于，所述的导电结合剂(8)为锡膏、导电胶带或导电胶。The connection structure of a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, wherein the conductive bonding agent (8) is a solder paste, a conductive tape or a conductive paste.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有透明电极晶体硅光伏电池的连接结构，其特征在于，所述的透明导电膜-金属复合电极包括：透明导电膜(2)和局部接触金属电极(4)；局部接触金属电极(4)以规则图案方式排布在晶体硅片表面的减反射膜/钝化膜(3)上，且局部接触金属电极(4)穿透减反射膜/钝化膜(3)与晶体硅片形成局部欧姆接触；所述的透明导电膜(2)设置在减反射膜/钝化膜(3)及局部接触金属电极(4)之上，并将局部接触金属电极(4)连接成为复合电极的导电组合体。The connection structure of a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode comprises: a transparent conductive film (2) and a partial contact metal electrode (4) The partial contact metal electrode (4) is arranged in a regular pattern on the anti-reflection film/passivation film (3) on the surface of the crystal silicon wafer, and the partial contact metal electrode (4) penetrates the anti-reflection film/passivation film ( 3) forming a local ohmic contact with the crystalline silicon wafer; the transparent conductive film (2) is disposed on the anti-reflection film/passivation film (3) and the partial contact metal electrode (4), and partially contacts the metal electrode ( 4) A conductive assembly that is connected to form a composite electrode.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有透明电极晶体硅光伏电池的连接结构，其特征在于，所述的透明导电膜-金属复合电极包括：设置在晶体硅片上的局部重掺杂区(5)和设置在减反射膜/钝化膜(3)上的透明导电膜(2)，减反射膜/钝化膜(3)设置在晶体硅片和局部重掺杂区(5)上；所述的局部重掺杂区(5)按照规则图案布置在晶体硅片的正面或背面，所述的局部重掺杂区(5)与对应位置的透明导电膜(2)直接接触，透明导电膜(2)将局部重掺杂区(5)连接成为复合电极的导电组合体。The connection structure of a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode comprises: a partially heavily doped region disposed on the crystalline silicon wafer (5) And a transparent conductive film (2) disposed on the anti-reflection film/passivation film (3), the anti-reflection film/passivation film (3) is disposed on the crystal silicon wafer and the partially heavily doped region (5); The partially heavily doped regions (5) are arranged in a regular pattern on the front or back side of the crystalline silicon wafer, and the partially heavily doped regions (5) are in direct contact with the transparent conductive film (2) at corresponding positions, and the transparent conductive film (2) The partially heavily doped region (5) is joined to form a conductive assembly of the composite electrode.
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的一种具有透明电极晶体硅光伏电池的连接结构，其特征在于，所述的规则图案为一维、二维几何图形或一维与二维几何图形的组合；其中，一维几何图案的线宽为20～500um，数量为5～100根，线长为2～156mm；二维几何图案的尺寸为20～ 2000um，相邻两个图形中心距为0.5～10mm；其中，一维几何图形选自：线段、虚线段或弧线；二维几何图形选自：圆形、椭圆形、纺锤形、环形、多边形、多角形或扇形。The connection structure of a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the regular pattern is a one-dimensional, two-dimensional geometric pattern or a combination of one-dimensional and two-dimensional geometric figures; Wherein, the one-dimensional geometric pattern has a line width of 20 to 500 um, a number of 5 to 100, and a line length of 2 to 156 mm; and a size of the two-dimensional geometric pattern is 20 to 2000um, the distance between two adjacent graphics centers is 0.5~10mm; wherein, the one-dimensional geometric figure is selected from: line segment, dotted line segment or arc; the two-dimensional geometric figure is selected from: circular, elliptical, spindle, ring, polygon , polygonal or fan shaped.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有透明电极晶体硅光伏电池的连接结构，其特征在于，所述的透明导电膜-金属复合电极包括：透明导电膜(2)和掺杂晶硅层(6)，透明导电膜(2)设置在掺杂晶硅层(6)之上，掺杂晶硅层(6)设置在隧穿层(7)之上，隧穿层(7)设置在硅基体之上。The connection structure of a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive film-metal composite electrode comprises: a transparent conductive film (2) and a doped crystalline silicon layer (6) The transparent conductive film (2) is disposed on the doped crystalline silicon layer (6), the doped crystalline silicon layer (6) is disposed over the tunneling layer (7), and the tunneling layer (7) is disposed on the silicon substrate Above.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种具有透明电极晶体硅光伏电池的连接结构，其特征在于，隧穿层(7)为氧化硅、二氧化铪、氮化硅、氮氧化硅、非晶硅的一种或多种薄膜的叠层，隧穿层的厚度为1～10nm。The connection structure of a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell according to claim 7, wherein the tunneling layer (7) is silicon oxide, germanium dioxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride or amorphous silicon. A laminate of one or more films having a tunneling layer thickness of from 1 to 10 nm.
  9. 根据权利要求4或5或7所述的一种具有透明电极晶体硅光伏电池的连接结构，其特征在于，所述的透明导电膜(2)上还设置有金属电极(1)；金属电极(1)以规则图案方式排布在透明导电膜(2)上，所述的规则图案为一维、二维几何图形或一维与二维几何图形的组合；其中，一维几何图案的线宽为20～500um，数量为5～100根，线长为2～156mm；二维几何图案的尺寸为20～2000um，相邻两个图形中心距为0.5～10mm；其中，一维几何图形选自：线段、虚线段或弧线；二维几何图形选自：圆形、椭圆形、纺锤形、环形、多边形、多角形或扇形。The connection structure of a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell according to claim 4 or 5 or 7, wherein the transparent conductive film (2) is further provided with a metal electrode (1); a metal electrode ( 1) arranged on a transparent conductive film (2) in a regular pattern, the regular pattern being a one-dimensional, two-dimensional geometric pattern or a combination of one-dimensional and two-dimensional geometric patterns; wherein, the line width of the one-dimensional geometric pattern 20 to 500 um, the number is 5 to 100, the line length is 2 to 156 mm; the size of the two-dimensional geometric pattern is 20 to 2000 um, and the distance between two adjacent graphics centers is 0.5 to 10 mm; wherein, the one-dimensional geometric figure is selected from : line segment, dashed line segment or arc; the two-dimensional geometry is selected from: circular, elliptical, spindle, circular, polygonal, polygonal or fan shaped.
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有透明电极晶体硅光伏电池的连接结构，其特征在于，所述的电池片为整片电池或分割后的非整片电池。 The connection structure of a transparent electrode crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, wherein the battery cell is a whole battery or a divided non-multiple battery.
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