WO2017162342A1 - Feuerverzinkungsanlage sowie feuerverzinkungsverfahren - Google Patents
Feuerverzinkungsanlage sowie feuerverzinkungsverfahren Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017162342A1 WO2017162342A1 PCT/EP2017/050309 EP2017050309W WO2017162342A1 WO 2017162342 A1 WO2017162342 A1 WO 2017162342A1 EP 2017050309 W EP2017050309 W EP 2017050309W WO 2017162342 A1 WO2017162342 A1 WO 2017162342A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- component
- components
- flux
- galvanizing
- zinc
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 191
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 139
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 138
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 132
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 122
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 68
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005237 degreasing agent Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012756 surface treatment agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000013527 degreasing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000001331 nose Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- JHXKRIRFYBPWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-K bismuth chloride Chemical compound Cl[Bi](Cl)Cl JHXKRIRFYBPWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 alkaline earth metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FAPDDOBMIUGHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-K antimony trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Sb](Cl)Cl FAPDDOBMIUGHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- HWSZZLVAJGOAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pb]Cl HWSZZLVAJGOAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- GIYXAJPCNFJEHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-1-propanamine hydrochloride (1:1) Chemical compound Cl.C=1C=CC=CC=1C(CCNC)OC1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1 GIYXAJPCNFJEHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000611 Zinc aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;zinc Chemical compound [AlH3].[Zn] HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001914 calming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910001504 inorganic chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/003—Apparatus
- C23C2/0032—Apparatus specially adapted for batch coating of substrate
- C23C2/00322—Details of mechanisms for immersing or removing substrate from molten liquid bath, e.g. basket or lifting mechanism
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/003—Apparatus
- C23C2/0038—Apparatus characterised by the pre-treatment chambers located immediately upstream of the bath or occurring locally before the dipping process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
- C23C2/024—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by cleaning or etching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/14—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/30—Fluxes or coverings on molten baths
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/50—Controlling or regulating the coating processes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical field of galvanizing iron-based or iron-containing components, in particular steel-based or steel-containing components (steel components), preferably for the automotive or automotive industry, by means of hot dip galvanizing (hot-dip galvanizing).
- the present invention relates to a plant and a process for hot dip galvanizing (hot dip galvanizing) of components (ie of iron-based or iron-containing components, especially steel-based or steel-containing components (steel components)), especially for large-scale hot-dip galvanizing a variety of identical or similar Components (eg motor vehicle components).
- components ie of iron-based or iron-containing components, especially steel-based or steel-containing components (steel components)
- steel-based or steel-containing components steel-based or steel-containing components (steel components)
- large-scale hot-dip galvanizing a variety of identical or similar Components (eg motor vehicle components).
- components made of steel for motor vehicles such.
- motor vehicles motor vehicles
- galvanizing galvanizing
- the steel is provided with a generally thin layer of zinc to protect the steel from corrosion.
- Various galvanizing processes can be used to galvanize steel components. H. with a metallic coating of zinc to coat, in particular the galvanizing (synonymously also called hot dip galvanizing), the spray galvanizing (flame spraying with zinc wire), the diffusion galvanizing (Sherard galvanizing), the galvanizing (electrolytic galvanizing), the non-electrolytic galvanizing zinc flake coatings and mechanical galvanizing are mentioned.
- hot dip galvanizing a distinction is made between discontinuous piece galvanizing (cf., for example, DIN EN ISO 1461) and continuous strip galvanizing (DIN EN 10143 and DIN EN 10346). Both galvanizing and strip galvanizing are standardized or standardized processes.
- Strip-galvanized steel is a preliminary or intermediate product (semifinished product), which is further processed after galvanizing, in particular by forming, stamping, cutting, etc., whereas components to be protected by piece galvanizing are first completely manufactured and then hot-dip galvanized (whereby the components all around protected against corrosion).
- Piece galvanizing and strip galvanizing also differ in terms of zinc layer thickness, resulting in different periods of protection.
- the zinc layer thickness of strip-galvanized sheets is usually at most 20 to 25 micrometers, whereas the zinc layer thicknesses of piece-galvanized steel parts are usually in the range of 50 to 200 micrometers and even more.
- Hot dip galvanizing provides both active and passive corrosion protection. Passive protection is provided by the barrier effect of the zinc coating. The active corrosion protection is due to the cathodic effect of the zinc coating. Compared to nobler metals of the electrochemical series, such. As iron, zinc serves as a sacrificial anode, which protects the underlying iron from corrosion until it is completely corroded itself.
- hot-dip galvanizing is carried out on mostly larger steel components and constructions.
- steel-based blanks or finished workpieces (components) are immersed in the molten zinc bath after pretreatment.
- inner surfaces, weld seams and hard-to-reach areas of the workpieces or components to be galvanized can be easily achieved by diving.
- identical or similar components are typically combined or grouped together for the entire process in the case of piece galvanizing (in particular by means of a common, for example designed as traverse or frame) Goods carrier or a common holding or fastening device for a plurality of identical or similar components).
- a plurality of components on the goods carrier via holding means, such.
- the components are supplied in the grouped state on the goods carrier the subsequent treatment steps or stages.
- the component surfaces of the grouped components are subjected to degreasing in order to remove residues of fats and oils, wherein the degreasing agents used are usually aqueous alkaline or acid degreasing agents.
- the degreasing agents used are usually aqueous alkaline or acid degreasing agents.
- a rinsing process usually follows, typically by immersion in a water bath, in order to avoid carryover of degreasing agents with the galvanizing material into the subsequent process step of pickling, in particular when changing from alkaline degreasing to one acidic base is of high importance.
- pickling which in particular for the removal of species-specific impurities such.
- species-specific impurities such as rust and scale
- the pickling is usually carried out in dilute hydrochloric acid, wherein the duration of the pickling process depends inter alia on the impurity state (eg degree of rusting) of the galvanizing and the acid concentration and temperature of the pickling bath.
- a rinsing process usually takes place after the pickling treatment.
- the so-called fluxing takes place, the previously defatted and pickled steel surface containing a so-called flux, which is typically an aqueous solution of inorganic chlorides, most often mixed with a mixture of zinc chloride (ZnCl 2 ) and ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl ).
- a so-called flux typically an aqueous solution of inorganic chlorides, most often mixed with a mixture of zinc chloride (ZnCl 2 ) and ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl ).
- the flux increases the wettability between the steel surface and the molten zinc.
- drying is usually carried out to produce a solid flux film on the steel surface and to remove adhering water so as to subsequently avoid undesirable reactions (especially the formation of water vapor) in the liquid zinc immersion bath.
- the components pretreated in the aforementioned manner are then hot-dip galvanized by immersion in the liquid zinc melt.
- the zinc content of the melt in accordance with DIN EN ISO 1461 is at least 98.0% by weight.
- the galvanizing in the molten zinc this remains for a sufficient period of time in the molten zinc bath, in particular until the galvanizing has assumed its temperature and is coated with a zinc layer.
- the surface of the molten zinc is in particular cleaned of oxides, zinc ash, flux residues and the like, before the galvanized material is then withdrawn from the molten zinc.
- the hot dip galvanized component is then subjected to a cooling process (eg in the air or in a water bath).
- the holding means for the component such. As slings, Anbindedräh- te or the like, away. Following the galvanizing process, a sometimes complicated post-processing or aftertreatment usually takes place. In this case, excess zinc residues, in particular so-called drip noses of the zinc which solidifies on the edges, and oxide or ash residues which adhere to the component are removed as far as possible.
- a criterion for the quality of a hot-dip galvanizing is the thickness of the zinc coating in ⁇ (microns).
- the standard DIN EN ISO 1461 specifies the minimum values of the required coating thicknesses, which, depending on the thickness of the material, are to be supplied to the piece tine. In practice, the layer thicknesses are significantly higher than the minimum layer thicknesses specified in DIN EN ISO 1461. In general, zinc plated zinc plating has a thickness in the range of 50 to 200 microns and even more.
- the zinc melt or the liquid zinc bath additionally add aluminum.
- the zinc melt or the liquid zinc bath additionally add aluminum.
- a zinc / aluminum alloy having a lower melting temperature than pure zinc is produced.
- a zinc / aluminum alloy used in the hot-dip galvanizing bath has improved fluidity properties compared to pure zinc.
- zinc coatings produced by means of the use of such zinc / aluminum alloys improved corrosion resistance (which is two to six times better than that of Reinzink), improved moldability and better paintability than zinc coatings formed from pure zinc.
- this technology can also produce lead-free zinc coatings.
- Such a hot-dip galvanizing process using a zinc / aluminum melt or using a zinc / aluminum hot-dip galvanizing bath is known, for example, from WO 2002/042512 A1 and the corresponding reference numerals to this patent family (eg EP 1 352 100 B1, DE 601 24 767 T2 and US 2003/0219543 A1). It also discloses suitable fluxes for hot dip galvanizing by means of zinc / aluminum molten baths, since flux compositions for zinc / aluminum hot dip galvanizing baths are different from those for conventional hot dip galvanizing.
- corrosion protection coatings can be produced with very low layer thicknesses (generally well below 50 micrometers and typically in the range of 2 to 20 micrometers) and with very low weight with high cost efficiency, which is why the process described there is commercially commercially available Designation microZINQ ® method is applied.
- the known piece of fire galvanizing has several disadvantages.
- the components or component regions inevitably do not remain in the molten zinc for the same length. This results in different reaction times between the material of the components and the molten zinc and thus different zinc layer thicknesses on the components.
- high temperature sensitive components especially in high and ultra high strength steels such.
- spring steel, chassis and body components and press-hardened metal parts different residence times in the molten zinc on the mechanical characteristics of the steel.
- the observance of defined process parameters is inevitably required for each individual component.
- the problem on which the present invention is based is therefore to provide a system or a method for piece galvanizing iron-based or iron-containing components, in particular steel-based or steel-containing components (steel components) by means of hot-dip galvanizing (hot-dip galvanizing) in a zinc / aluminum melt ( ie in a liquid zinc / aluminum bath), preferably for high-volume hot-dip galvanizing of a large number of identical or similar components (eg motor vehicle components), whereby the previously described disadvantages of the prior art should at least largely be avoided or at least mitigated.
- the present invention proposes - according to a first aspect of the present invention - a hot-dip galvanizing plant according to claim 1; Further, in particular special and / or advantageous embodiments of the system according to the invention are the subject matter of the relevant sub-systems.
- the present invention relates to a method for hot-dip galvanizing according to the independent method claim; Further, in particular special and / or advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention are the subject of the related sub-claims.
- the invention relates to a system for the hot-dip galvanizing of components, preferably for large-series hot-dip galvanizing a plurality of identical or similar components, preferably for piece galvanizing, with a conveyor with at least one product carrier for conveying the components, a Flußhrs Flowerssein- direction for applying a flux to the surface of the components and a hot-dip galvanizing device for hot-dip galvanizing the components with a galvanizing zinc-aluminum alloy galvanizing bath.
- the goods carrier is designed to receive and transport at least one separated component and the flux application device has a spraying device for preferably automated spray application of the flux onto the surface of the separated component ,
- the invention relates to a process for the hot-dip galvanizing of components using a molten zinc / aluminum alloy, preferably for high-volume hot-dip galvanizing a plurality of identical or similar components, preferably for piece galvanizing.
- each component is transported in a separated state on a goods carrier to a flux application device for fluxing, wherein the component is provided in the isolated state by a preferably automated spray application of a spraying with the flux and then the on its surface with the fluxed component is subjected to a galvanizing of the molten zinc / aluminum alloy galvanizing bath.
- the flux reacts with the molten zinc. Due to the different thickness flux layer on the component to be galvanized, a different thickness of the zinc layer on the component may result.
- the different zinc layer thickness on the component thus represents, inter alia, the result of the uneven layer thickness of the flux.
- the spray application according to the invention avoids the aforementioned disadvantages.
- the spray application is more favorable in terms of energy because no bath must be kept at a higher temperature. Due to the lack of bath energy and radiation losses are avoided.
- the concentration of the flux can be kept permanently constant, since in contrast to an open bath no loss of solvent takes place. Since there is a lack of a bath with inevitable inhomogeneities, the spray application is already homogeneous so far. Furthermore, a given concentration control of the flux and a precise
- the spray application results in an improved flow behavior of the applied flux due to the defined amount of spray agent applied.
- a sticking of a concentrated solution of the flux at the aforementioned corners and edges can be avoided, but in any case can be reduced. Due to the reduced and in particular uniform application of the flux compared to a dip coating, ultimately no superfluous flux is introduced into the galvanizing bath.
- Another significant advantage of the spray application according to the invention over the dip coating is that it is easier to use different fluxes for different applications.
- the spray technology increases the individual adaptability and ensures an improved flexibility.
- the accessibility of the component from all sides is necessary in the context of automation of the process. For this reason, the component in question is attached either in the isolated state as the only component on the goods carrier and passed through the sprayer. In the event of complete separation of the component, with only a single component being fastened to the product carrier, each area of the component is accessible and can be sprayed accordingly.
- the distance between the components of the small group attached to the carrier should be at least 10 cm, preferably at least 50 cm and in particular more than 1 m from each other.
- a separation of the component is present within the meaning of the present invention, since with such a distance of the components separated from one another, the accessibility to any area of the components for the automated Spray application is guaranteed.
- a control device coupled to the spray device for automated spray application of the flux is provided.
- the control device over which in particular the spray Time points and / or spray quantity and / or spraying time and / or spray direction per unit area of the component can be adjusted, resulting in a homogeneous and / or individually adapted to the component spray application and from a defined layer thickness of the flux on the component to be galvanized.
- the control device is designed such that the automated spray application depending on the shape and / or the type and / or the material and / or the surface condition, in particular the surface roughness of the component takes place.
- the spray application via the control device is automated in such a way that the concentration of the flux and / or the spraying duration of the spray application per component and / or the spraying duration of spraying different areas of the component and / or the thickness of the spray application on the component, in particular different thicknesses of the spray application on a component and / or a simultaneous spray application of different flux and / or different flux components is adjustable.
- the spraying device has a plurality of spray heads with which preferably different areas of the component can be sprayed.
- at least one spray head can be moved in the X direction and / or in the Y direction and / or in the Z direction relative to the component.
- the movement of the relevant spray head which is preferably movable in all three directions, takes place via control technology via the control device.
- the spray device is preferably designed for the simultaneous spraying of different fluxes and / or different flux components.
- at least one spray head has at least two spray lines for different fluxes and / or different flux composition. has components.
- This embodiment has the advantage that different areas of a component can be sprayed with a different flux or different flux components.
- the subsequent hot-dip galvanizing can be influenced in a corresponding manner. In principle, however, it is also possible to spray directly consecutive components of the galvanizing process with different fluxes / flux components without interrupting the production process.
- the drying device is preferably followed by a drying device.
- This drying device is designed in particular for drying the sprayed-on flux in the separated state of the component. Since a precisely defined application amount of flux is applied to the component by the spray application, the drying step can be carried out relatively quickly and thus relatively inexpensively, which is not possible in comparison with drying after a dipping bath.
- the flux application is preferably preceded by a surface treatment and in particular a degreasing.
- a surface treatment device for chemical, in particular wet-chemical, surface treatment of the components is preferably provided by means of a surface treatment agent, preferably for pickling the surfaces of the components by means of a pickling agent.
- the surface treatment device has a spraying device for spraying the surface treatment agent, in particular the etching agent, onto the surface of the separated component.
- the spray application of the surface treatment agent in principle, the same advantages mentioned above apply as with the spray application of the flux.
- the spraying device for spraying the surface treatment agent can be constructively designed in a similar manner as the spraying device for the spray application of the flux.
- adjustable spray heads and the use of different spray lines for different surface treatment agents and / or different surface treatment agent components can be provided.
- the surface treatment device is preceded by a degreasing device for degreasing the components by means of a degreasing agent.
- a degreasing device for degreasing the components by means of a degreasing agent.
- the advantages mentioned for spraying the surface treatment agent apply in the same way.
- the spraying device for the degreasing agent is preferably designed in the same way as the spraying device for the surface treatment agent, so that reference can be made expressly to this.
- one or more adjustable spray heads is provided and it is possible to spray different degreasing agents or components via at least two separate spray lines per spray head.
- At least one flushing device for flushing the components with a detergent is provided in a preferred embodiment of the system according to the invention.
- a rinsing device is provided after the degreasing device and / or after the surface treatment device.
- a purging device is preferably provided after the degreasing and after the surface treatment device.
- each spraying device in the context of the system according to the invention is associated with a housing closed in particular on all sides. It is understood that one or more feed and discharge lead openings for the goods carrier and the isolated or isolated components in the enclosure may be provided.
- the enclosure ultimately prevents pollution of the environment with vapors and / or chemicals used in spraying.
- a single galvanizing of the components in addition to the isolated Fluxen a single galvanizing of the components, ie an isolated on the goods carrier component provided.
- the invention provides for two alternatives.
- a separating device is provided for the preferably automated feeding, immersing and emptying of a component separated from the goods carrier into the galvanizing bath of the hot-dip galvanizing device.
- the conveying device and the hot-dip galvanizing device are designed in such a way that the component singulated on the product carrier is guided in the singulated state through the galvanizing bath.
- Another advantage of an individual galvanizing plant is that no wider and deeper, but only a narrow galvanizing boiler is necessary. This reduces the surface of the galvanizing bath, which can be better shielded in this way, so that the radiation losses can be significantly reduced.
- the separating device has at least one separating means arranged between the flux-applying device and the hot-dip galvanizing device.
- This separating means is then preferably designed such that it is either an isolated component of the goods carrier or a plurality of components as a small group, although these are separated from each other, that is located sufficiently spaced state from each other, removes and then supplies the isolated component or the small group with separated components from the hot-dip galvanizing for hot dip galvanizing.
- the separating means can remove or remove the component directly from the product carrier or remove the component from the component group that has already been parked by the product carrier. It is understood that it is also possible in principle that more than one separating means is provided, so at the same time a plurality of individual components are hot-dip galvanized in the isolated state. In this context, it is then also understood that at least the galvanizing of the separated components is carried out in an identical manner, even if components of different separating means simultaneously or staggered and independently by the hot-dip galvanizing or galvanizing bath.
- the separating means is designed such that a separated component is immersed in a dip area of the bath, then moved from the immersion area to an adjacent immersion area and subsequently immersed in the replacement area.
- the aforementioned movement can be achieved even when not working with a separating means, but instead the component is fastened in the separated state to the goods carrier and fed to the galvanizing bath via the goods carrier, immersed in the immersion region, moved to the immersion region and immersed there becomes.
- zinc ash is produced on the surface of the immersion area as a reaction product of the flux with the molten zinc.
- the immersion region is adjacent to the exchange region, so it is spatially spaced apart and in particular not overlapping areas of the galvanizing bath.
- the component remains after immersion at least as long in the immersion region of the galvanizing bath until the reaction time between the component surface and the zinc / aluminum alloy of the galvanizing completed. In this way it is ensured that the zinc ash, which moves upwards within the melt, only at the surface of the immersion area. Subsequently, the component can then be moved into the immersion region, which is essentially free of zinc ash, and dipped out there.
- the component remains between 20% to 80%, preferably at least 50%, of the galvanizing time in the region of the immersion region and only then moves into the immersion region becomes.
- the conveying device or the separating means is designed such that all components are identically arranged, in particular with identical movement, and / or or with identical time, passed through the galvanizing bath. This can ultimately be realized without further ado by a corresponding control of the conveying device or of the at least one associated separating means. Due to the identical handling identical components, ie components that consist of the same material and each have the same shape, each have identical product properties. These include not only identical zinc layer thicknesses but also identical characteristics of the galvanized components, since these have each been passed through the galvanizing bath in an identical manner.
- the invention provides plant and process according to the United tion during hot dip galvanizing the advantage that zinc noses can be easily avoided.
- a stripping device is provided following the immersion region, wherein in a preferred embodiment of this inventive concept, the conveying device or the separating means is designed such that all components are guided past the stripping device for stripping liquid zinc in an identical manner after emptying.
- the separating means which can also be realized in combination with the stripping device, it is provided that all components are moved in an identical manner after the immersion so that dripping noses of liquid zinc are removed, in particular drip off and / or evenly distributed on the component surfaces.
- the invention makes it possible to guide each individual component not only through the galvanizing bath, but also either in a specific positioning, for example an inclination of the component, and move past one or more scrapers and / or the component by special Rotary and / or steering movements to move after the immersion so that zinc noses are at least substantially avoided.
- a cooling device in particular a quenching device, is provided following the hot-dip galvanizing device, at which point the component is cooled or quenched after hot-dip galvanizing.
- a post-treatment device can be provided in particular following the cooling device.
- the aftertreatment device is used in particular for a passivation, sealing or coloring of the galvanized components.
- the post-treatment stage may also include, for example, the post-processing, in particular the removal of impurities and / or the removal of zinc noses. As has been stated above, however, the post-processing step in the invention is considerably reduced and sometimes even unnecessary in comparison with the method known in the prior art.
- control device is coupled not only with the individual spraying devices but also with the conveying device. This makes it possible, if necessary, to change the transport speed of the individual goods carriers. For example, it is possible to change the transport speed of a goods carrier at least in regions relative to the transport speed of another goods carrier. This makes it possible to adapt certain process steps, which take more time than others, as needed to the respective requirements. As a result, the entire process sequence of the method according to the invention is optimized and thus shortened.
- the conveying device has a circulating, closed transport path with a plurality of goods carriers, which leads at least along the surface treatment device, the flux application device and the hot-dip galvanizing device.
- the transport route extends along all stages of the system according to the invention.
- the conveyor can basically be designed as a crane system. In this case, the isolated components are then transported hanging. In principle, however, it is also possible to design the conveyor as a floor conveyor. In this case, the goods carriers move on the ground. In this case, the transport path may be formed as a rail guide. Basically, it is also possible in this context to provide a combination of a crane system with supplementary ground conveyors.
- the invention relates to a system and / or a method of the aforementioned type, wherein the components are iron-based and / or iron-containing components, in particular steel-based and / or steel-based components, so-called steel components, preferably automotive components or components for the automotive sector.
- the galvanizing bath contains zinc and aluminum in a zinc / aluminum weight ratio in the range of 55-99.999: 0.001-45, preferably 55-99.97: 0.03-45, more preferably 60-98: 2-40, preferably 70-96: 4-30.
- the galvanizing bath has the following composition, in which the weights are based on the galvanizing bath and in the sum of all constituents of the composition results in 100% by weight:
- aluminum in particular in amounts from 0.001% by weight, preferably from 0.005% by weight, more preferably in the range from 0.03 to 45% by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to 45% by weight , preferably between 2 to 40 wt .-%, wherein the zinc content is then respectively adapted accordingly, (iii) optionally silicon, in particular in amounts ranging from 0.0001 to 5 wt .-%, preferably 0.001 to 2 wt .-% ;
- optionally at least one further ingredient and / or optionally at least one impurity in particular from the group of alkali metals such as sodium and / or potassium, alkaline earth metals such as calcium and / or magnesium and / or heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, antimony, bismuth, in particular in total amounts in the range of 0.0001 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.001 to 5 wt .-%.
- the flux has the following composition, the weight data being based on the flux and resulting in the sum of all constituents of the composition 100 wt .-%:
- zinc chloride (ZnCl 2 ) especially in amounts ranging from 50 to 95% by weight, preferably from 58 to 80% by weight;
- ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl), especially in amounts ranging from 5 to 50% by weight, preferably 7 to 42% by weight;
- At least one alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal salt preferably sodium chloride and / or potassium chloride, in particular in total amounts in the range from 1 to 30% by weight, preferably 2 to 20% by weight;
- metal chloride preferably heavy metal chloride, preferably selected from the group of nickel chloride (NiCl 2 ), manganese chloride (MnCl 2 ), lead chloride (PbCl 2 ), cobalt chloride (CoCl 2 ), tin chloride (SnCl 2 ), antimony chloride (SbC ) and / or bismuth chloride (B1CI3), in particular in total amounts in the range of 0.0001 to 20 wt .-%, preferably
- (V) optionally at least one further additive, preferably wetting agent and / or surfactant, in particular in amounts ranging from 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 5 wt .-%.
- the flux application device in particular the Flußstoffbad the flux application device containing flux in preferably aqueous solution, in particular in amounts and / or concentrations of the flux in the range of 200 to 700 g / l, in particular 350 to 550 g / l , preferably 500 to 550 g / l, and / or that the flux is used as a preferably aqueous solution, in particular with amounts and / or concentrations of the flux in the range of 200 to 700 g / l, in particular 350 to 550 g / l, preferably 500 to 550 g / l.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a system according to the invention and the sequence of the method according to the invention in a method step
- Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a system according to the invention and the sequence of the method according to the invention in a further method step and
- Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a system according to the invention and the sequence of the method according to the invention in a further method step.
- Fig. 1 a sequence of the method according to the invention in a system 1 according to the invention is shown schematically.
- the flowchart shown is a method which is possible according to the invention, but individual method steps may also be omitted or provided in a different order than illustrated and described below. Also, further method steps may be provided.
- it is the case that not all stages of the process basically have to be provided in a spatially combined Annex 1.
- the decentralized realization of individual process stages is also possible. In particular, a circulation of the entire process is possible.
- the step A designates the delivery and depositing of components 2 to be galvanized at a connection point.
- the components 2 are already mechanically surface-treated in the present example, in particular sandblasted. This may or may not be foreseen.
- stage B the components 2 are connected in the separated state to a goods carrier 7 of a conveyor 3.
- the goods carrier 7 has a basket, a frame or the like, in which or in which the component 2 is inserted.
- stage C the component 2 is degreased.
- alkaline or acidic degreasing agents 11 are used to remove residues of fats and oils on the component 2.
- stage D a rinse, in particular with water, of the degreased component 2 is provided.
- the residues of degreasing agent 1 1 are rinsed off the component 2.
- a pickling of the surface of the component 2 so a wet-chemical surface treatment is usually carried out with dilute hydrochloric acid.
- Stage E is followed by stage F, which in turn is a rinse, in particular with water, in order to prevent the pickling agent from being carried over into the subsequent process stages.
- stage F which in turn is a rinse, in particular with water, in order to prevent the pickling agent from being carried over into the subsequent process stages.
- the correspondingly cleaned and pickled, to be galvanized component 2 is then fluffed, namely subjected to a flux treatment.
- the flux treatment in step H is carried out in the present case with an aqueous flux solution.
- the product carrier 7 is supplied to the component 2 in stage I of drying in order to produce a solid flux film on the surface of the component 2 and to remove adhering water.
- step J the component 2 is removed from the product carrier 7. At this point, the component can be stored.
- stage K the component 2 is hot-dip galvanized.
- the component 2 is immersed in a galvanizing bath 28 and dipped again after a predetermined dwell time.
- the galvanizing in method step K is followed by dripping of the still liquid zinc in stage L.
- the dripping takes place, for example, by traversing the galvanized in the isolated state component 2 at one or a plurality of wipers of a stripping device and / or by predetermined pivoting and rotational movements of the component 2, which leads either to dripping or even distribution of the zinc on the component surface.
- step M the galvanized component is quenched in step M.
- the quenching in method step M is followed by a post-treatment in stage N, which may be, for example, a passivation, sealing or organic or inorganic coating of the galvanized component 2.
- a post-treatment in stage N which may be, for example, a passivation, sealing or organic or inorganic coating of the galvanized component 2.
- the aftertreatment also includes a possible post-processing of the component 2 which may be required.
- the plant 1 is for hot dip galvanizing a plurality of identical components 2 in discontinuous operation, the so-called piece galvanizing, provided.
- the plant 1 is designed and suitable for hot dip galvanizing of components 2 in large series.
- the large-scale galvanizing refers to galvanizing, in which successively more than 100, in particular more than 1000 and preferably more than 10,000 identical components 2 are galvanized, without in between components 2 of different shape and size are galvanized.
- the plant 1 has a conveyor 3 for conveying the components 2.
- the conveyor device 3 is a crane track with a rail guide 4, on which a trolley 5 with a lifting mechanism can be moved.
- a goods carrier 7 is connected to the trolley 5.
- the product carrier 7 serves to hold and secure the components 2 in the isolated state.
- the connection of the components 2 with the goods carrier 7 is usually carried out at a connection point 8 of the system, on which the components 2 are arranged for connection to the goods carrier 7.
- a degreasing device 9 connects.
- the degreasing device 9 has a degreasing chamber 10 with a spraying device 10a with a plurality of spray heads 10b for spraying a degreasing agent 11.
- the degreasing chamber 10 constitutes an at least substantially complete enclosure for the spraying device 10a, so that sprayed degreaser 11 preferably remains in the degreasing chamber 10 and during the Spraying does not escape from the chamber.
- the degreasing agent 1 1 may be acidic or basic.
- the degreasing device 9 is adjoined by a flushing device 12, which has a sink 13 with flushing agent 14 located therein.
- the rinsing agent 14 in the present case is water.
- the pickling device 15 has a pickling chamber 16 with a spraying device 16a and a plurality of spray heads 16b for spraying a pickling agent 17 on the rinsing device 12, that is downstream in the process direction, designed as a pickling 15 surface treatment device for wet-chemical surface treatment ,
- the pickling chamber 16 constitutes a substantially closed enclosure of the spraying device 16a, so that sprayed pickling agent 17 does not escape from the pickling chamber 16 as much as possible during the spraying process.
- the mordant 17 in the present case is dilute hydrochloric acid.
- a rinsing device 18 with a rinsing basin 19 and rinsing agent 20 located therein is again provided.
- the detergent 20 is again water.
- a Flußstoff- applicator 21 In the process direction behind the rinsing device 18 is a Flußstoff- applicator 21 with a flux chamber 22 with a spray device 22a with a plurality of spray heads 22b for spraying a flux 23.
- the flux chamber 22 is a substantially closed enclosure of the sprayer 22a, so that the spray medium can not escape from the flux chamber 22 during the spraying process.
- the flux contains in a preferred embodiment zinc chloride (ZnCl 2 ) in an amount of 58 to 80% by weight and ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl) in the amount of 7 to 42% by weight.
- the above weight data are based on the flux 23 and make up in the sum of all components of the composition 100 wt .-%.
- the flux 23 is in aqueous solution, in a concentration in the range of 500 to 550 g / l.
- the flux applicator 21 is followed by a drying device 24 to remove adhering water from the flux film, which is located on the surface of the component 2.
- the plant 1 has a hot-dip galvanizing device 25, in which the components 2 are hot-dip galvanized in the isolated state.
- the hot-dip galvanizing device 25 has a galvanizing tank 26, optionally with a housing 27 provided on the upper side.
- a galvanizing bath 28 which contains a zinc / aluminum alloy. Specifically, the galvanizing bath has 60 to 98% by weight of zinc and 2 to 40% by weight of aluminum.
- a cooling device 29 In the process direction after the hot-dip galvanizing device 25 is a cooling device 29, which is provided for quenching of the components 2 after the Feuerverzin- kung. Finally, after the cooling device 29, an aftertreatment device 30 is provided, in which the hot-dip galvanized components 2 can be post-treated and / or reworked.
- the drying device 24 and the hot-dip galvanizing device 25 are a separating device 31, which is provided for automated feeding, immersing and dehumidifying a separated from the goods carrier 7 component 2 in the galvanizing 28 of the hot-dip galvanizing device 25.
- the singling device 31 has a separating means 32 which is provided for handling the component 2, namely for removing the component 2 from the goods carrier 7 and for feeding, immersing and dehumidifying the singulated component 2 into the galvanizing bath 28.
- a transfer point 33 to which the component 2 is either stored or in particular in the suspended state from the product carrier 7 is removable.
- the separating means 32 is preferably designed such that it is movable in the direction of the transfer point 33 and away from it and / or is movable in the direction of the galvanizing device 25 and away from it.
- the separating means 32 is designed in such a way that it moves a component 2 immersed in the galvanizing bath 28 occasionally from the immersion region to an adjacent immersion region and then emerges in the region of exchange.
- the immersion area and the immersion area are spaced apart from each other, so do not correspond to each other. In particular, the two areas do not overlap.
- the movement takes place from the immersion area to the exchange area only after a predetermined period of time, namely after completion of the reaction time of the flux 23 with the surface of each to be galvanized components. 2
- the separating device 31 and / or the separating means 32 is assigned a control device 34, according to which the movement of the separating means 32 takes place in such a way that all components 2 separated from the goods carrier 7 pass through the galvanizing bath 28 with identical movement, in identical arrangement and with identical time become.
- control device 34 is coupled not only with the separating means 32 of the singling device 31 but also with the spraying devices 10a, 16a and 22a and otherwise also with the trolley 5.
- the control device 34 thus makes it possible to control the transport speed of the trolley 5 and thus the goods carrier 7 from one process step to the next and also to control the residence time in the respective process step.
- spray application in the respective process stages can also be controlled via the control device 34.
- separating means 32 can also be controlled via the associated control device so that an already galvanized component 2 is still moved within the housing 27, for example by corresponding rotational movements such that excess zinc drips and / or alternatively is evenly distributed on the component surface.
- FIGS. 2 to 4 show different states during operation of the system 1.
- FIG. 2 shows a state in which a multiplicity of components 2 to be galvanized are deposited at the connection point 8. Above the group of components 2 is the goods carrier 7. After lowering the goods carrier 7, a component 2 is attached to the goods carrier 7. Schematically shown in Fig. 2, that the spraying devices 10a, 16a and 22a respectively spray the respective spray. In fact, however, spraying takes place only when the component 2 located on the product carrier 7 is actually located in the respective spray chamber. Ultimately, this is controlled by the controller 34.
- the component 2 is above the pickling 15.
- the stages C and D namely the degreasing and rinsing, have already been made.
- the component 2 has been deposited at the transfer point 33.
- the trolley 5 is on the way back to the junction 8 to receive a new component 2.
- the component deposited at the transfer point 33 has already been received via the separating means 32, so that this component 2 is about to be fed into the hot-dip galvanizing device 25.
- the conveyor 3 has a circumferential rail guide 4.
- the rail guide 4 in this case represents a closed path.
- a plurality of goods carriers 7 it is possible for a plurality of goods carriers 7 to be provided.
- the rail guide 4 then forms a closed circuit.
- the conveyor 3 is not designed as a crane track but as a ground conveyor.
- One or more goods carriers 7 then travel on the ground, if appropriate along a rail guide, thereby driving to the individual process stages. In this case too, a plurality of goods carriers 7 can be provided.
- a recycling not shown, is provided.
- the dropping in the respective chamber from the component 2 and not remaining on the component 2 spray is collected in particular at the bottom of the respective chamber and recycled.
- Prior to recycling is preferably a treatment, in particular cleaning, of the respective spray.
- the purging devices 12, 18 can have a spraying device of the previously described type, provided in a corresponding spray chamber.
- the rinsing does not necessarily have to be done by a dip rinse.
- each spray head 10b, 16b, 22b alone or else a group of spray heads 10b, 16b, 22b can be adjusted together.
- the respective spraying device can be designed so that spraying of the respective spraying agent with different concentrations is possible. This can be done, for example, by supplying a highly concentrated spray via a spray line, while a diluent, for example water, is supplied via another spraying line.
- the components 2 are guided on the goods carrier 7 through the fire-galvanizing device 25 in the singulated state.
- the transport to the subsequent process steps, which follow the hot-dip galvanizing, take place via the conveyor 3.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201780019180.XA CN108884545B (zh) | 2016-03-21 | 2017-01-09 | 热浸镀锌***和热浸镀锌方法 |
SI201730282T SI3411510T1 (sl) | 2016-03-21 | 2017-01-09 | Postroj za plamensko pocinkanje in postopek za plamensko pocinkanje |
MX2018011515A MX2018011515A (es) | 2016-03-21 | 2017-01-09 | Instalacion de galvanizacion por inmersion en caliente asi como procedimiento de galvanizacion por inmersion en caliente. |
BR112018069272-7A BR112018069272B1 (pt) | 2016-03-21 | 2017-01-09 | Instalação de galvanização por imersão a quente, assim como método de galvanização por imersão a quente |
ES17702005T ES2787300T3 (es) | 2016-03-21 | 2017-01-09 | Instalación de galvanización en caliente y procedimiento de galvanización en caliente |
US16/087,287 US11118256B2 (en) | 2016-03-21 | 2017-01-09 | Hot-dip galvanization system and hot-dip galvanization method |
DK17702005.4T DK3411510T3 (da) | 2016-03-21 | 2017-01-09 | Varmgalvaniseringsanlæg og varmgalvaniseringsproces |
EP17702005.4A EP3411510B1 (de) | 2016-03-21 | 2017-01-09 | Feuerverzinkungsanlage sowie feuerverzinkungsverfahren |
CA3018273A CA3018273C (en) | 2016-03-21 | 2017-01-09 | Hot-dip galvanization system and hot-dip galvanization method |
PL17702005T PL3411510T3 (pl) | 2016-03-21 | 2017-01-09 | Instalacja do cynkowania ogniowego oraz sposób cynkowania ogniowego |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
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DE102016003323 | 2016-03-21 | ||
DE102016003323.1 | 2016-03-21 | ||
DE102016106617.6A DE102016106617A1 (de) | 2016-03-21 | 2016-04-11 | Feuerverzinkungsanlage sowie Feuerverzinkungsverfahren |
DE102016106617.6 | 2016-04-11 |
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WO2017162342A1 true WO2017162342A1 (de) | 2017-09-28 |
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PCT/EP2017/050309 WO2017162342A1 (de) | 2016-03-21 | 2017-01-09 | Feuerverzinkungsanlage sowie feuerverzinkungsverfahren |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US11118256B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3411510B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN108884545B (de) |
BR (1) | BR112018069272B1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA3018273C (de) |
DE (1) | DE102016106617A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK3411510T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2787300T3 (de) |
HU (1) | HUE048789T2 (de) |
MX (1) | MX2018011515A (de) |
PL (1) | PL3411510T3 (de) |
SI (1) | SI3411510T1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2017162342A1 (de) |
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CN107557708A (zh) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-01-09 | 徐州瑞马科宝自动化技术有限公司 | 一种闭环热镀锌生产线及控制方法 |
DE102020127784A1 (de) | 2020-10-22 | 2022-04-28 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung eines Bauteils sowie Kraftfahrzeug |
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CN108085633B (zh) * | 2018-01-16 | 2024-02-20 | 衡水京华制管有限公司 | 一种钢管热浸锌后多工位连续加工生产线 |
DE102019108033A1 (de) * | 2019-02-25 | 2020-08-27 | Fontaine Holdings Nv | Verfahren zur Verzinkung, insbesondere Feuerverzinkung, von Eisen- und Stahlerzeugnissen |
DE102020106543A1 (de) | 2020-03-11 | 2021-09-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Verzinken eines Bauteils, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug, sowie Bauteil für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
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DE102021111089A1 (de) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-11-03 | Seppeler Holding Und Verwaltungs Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren, Anlage und Verwendung dieser in der diskontinuierlichen Stückverzinkung |
CN113913717B (zh) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-06-30 | 常熟市常力紧固件有限公司 | 一种汽车螺栓用全自动热镀锌装置及方法 |
DE102022100555A1 (de) | 2022-01-11 | 2023-07-13 | Seppeler Holding Und Verwaltungs Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur verbesserten Verzinkung von Bauteilen |
CN114807804A (zh) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-07-29 | 仙桃市环美化工有限公司 | 一种多功能防爆剂 |
CN115287570B (zh) * | 2022-06-20 | 2023-09-01 | 河南经纬电力科技股份有限公司 | 一种电力金具热镀锌后自动去余锌装置 |
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- 2017-01-09 DK DK17702005.4T patent/DK3411510T3/da active
- 2017-01-09 WO PCT/EP2017/050309 patent/WO2017162342A1/de active Application Filing
- 2017-01-09 BR BR112018069272-7A patent/BR112018069272B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2017-01-09 CN CN201780019180.XA patent/CN108884545B/zh active Active
- 2017-01-09 MX MX2018011515A patent/MX2018011515A/es unknown
- 2017-01-09 ES ES17702005T patent/ES2787300T3/es active Active
- 2017-01-09 HU HUE17702005A patent/HUE048789T2/hu unknown
- 2017-01-09 SI SI201730282T patent/SI3411510T1/sl unknown
- 2017-01-09 EP EP17702005.4A patent/EP3411510B1/de active Active
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CN107557708A (zh) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-01-09 | 徐州瑞马科宝自动化技术有限公司 | 一种闭环热镀锌生产线及控制方法 |
DE102020127784A1 (de) | 2020-10-22 | 2022-04-28 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung eines Bauteils sowie Kraftfahrzeug |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA3018273C (en) | 2020-11-10 |
DE102016106617A1 (de) | 2017-09-21 |
CA3018273A1 (en) | 2017-09-28 |
BR112018069272B1 (pt) | 2023-02-07 |
SI3411510T1 (sl) | 2020-07-31 |
BR112018069272A2 (pt) | 2019-01-22 |
CN108884545A (zh) | 2018-11-23 |
US20190100830A1 (en) | 2019-04-04 |
DK3411510T3 (da) | 2020-05-18 |
PL3411510T3 (pl) | 2020-09-07 |
US11118256B2 (en) | 2021-09-14 |
HUE048789T2 (hu) | 2020-08-28 |
ES2787300T3 (es) | 2020-10-15 |
CN108884545B (zh) | 2020-09-18 |
MX2018011515A (es) | 2019-02-20 |
EP3411510A1 (de) | 2018-12-12 |
EP3411510B1 (de) | 2020-03-04 |
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