WO2017159534A1 - 重合体ラテックスの製造方法 - Google Patents
重合体ラテックスの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017159534A1 WO2017159534A1 PCT/JP2017/009471 JP2017009471W WO2017159534A1 WO 2017159534 A1 WO2017159534 A1 WO 2017159534A1 JP 2017009471 W JP2017009471 W JP 2017009471W WO 2017159534 A1 WO2017159534 A1 WO 2017159534A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C1/00—Treatment of rubber latex
- C08C1/02—Chemical or physical treatment of rubber latex before or during concentration
- C08C1/075—Concentrating
- C08C1/10—Concentrating by centrifugation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
- C08J3/07—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media from polymer solutions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C1/00—Treatment of rubber latex
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C2/00—Treatment of rubber solutions
- C08C2/02—Purification
- C08C2/04—Removal of catalyst residues
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C3/00—Treatment of coagulated rubber
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/04—Polymerisation in solution
- C08F2/06—Organic solvent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F6/00—Post-polymerisation treatments
- C08F6/06—Treatment of polymer solutions
- C08F6/08—Removal of catalyst residues
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F6/00—Post-polymerisation treatments
- C08F6/06—Treatment of polymer solutions
- C08F6/10—Removal of volatile materials, e.g. solvents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F6/00—Post-polymerisation treatments
- C08F6/06—Treatment of polymer solutions
- C08F6/12—Separation of polymers from solutions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/02—Direct processing of dispersions, e.g. latex, to articles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L21/00—Compositions of unspecified rubbers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
- C08L9/08—Latex
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/10—Latex
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2309/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08J2309/06—Copolymers with styrene
- C08J2309/08—Latex
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2309/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08J2309/10—Latex
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2353/00—Characterised by the use of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J109/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C09J109/10—Latex
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a polymer latex capable of providing a dip-molded article having a high solid content concentration, excellent mechanical stability, and excellent tensile strength, tensile elongation and tensile stress.
- a latex composition containing latex of natural rubber is dip-molded to obtain a dip-molded body that is used in contact with a human body such as a nipple, a balloon, a glove, a balloon, and a sack.
- natural rubber latex contains a protein that causes allergic symptoms in the human body
- synthetic rubber latex such as synthetic polyisoprene and styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer instead of natural rubber latex (Patent Document 1).
- isoprene is polymerized in an inert polymerization solvent using a Ziegler polymerization catalyst composed of trialkylaluminum-titanium tetrachloride or an alkyllithium polymerization catalyst such as n-butyllithium or sec-butyllithium.
- a method of producing a synthetic polyisoprene latex by obtaining a polymer solution of synthetic polyisoprene, emulsifying the polymer solution, and then removing the organic solvent is disclosed.
- the latex obtained by the technique of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 has insufficient mechanical stability as a latex, and therefore, the problem that storage stability is not sufficient, and when concentration is performed by centrifugation, In order to improve the concentration, if the centrifugation conditions, specifically, the acceleration at the time of centrifugation is increased, aggregation occurs and there is a problem that the solid content concentration cannot be increased.
- the present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and provides a dip-molded body having a high solid content, excellent mechanical stability, and excellent tensile strength, tensile elongation and tensile stress. It is an object to provide a polymer latex that can be produced.
- water is added to a polymer solution obtained by dissolving a synthetic rubber in an organic solvent, and the water is stirred into the polymer solution, whereby the water stirred polymer solution (A) and The aqueous phase removal polymer solution (B) by removing the aqueous phase from the aqueous stirring polymer solution (A), and the aqueous phase removal polymer solution (B).
- the method for producing a polymer latex of the present invention it is preferable to stir water in the polymer solution in the stirring step in a state where a chelating agent and / or an oxidizing agent is added.
- the amount of water used in the stirring step is preferably 0.1 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymer solution.
- the synthetic rubber is preferably a synthetic polyisoprene and / or a styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer.
- the synthetic polyisoprene obtained by subjecting the polymer solution to a solution polymerization of a monomer containing isoprene dissolved in an organic solvent in the presence of a Ziegler polymerization catalyst.
- styrene-isoprene-styrene block obtained by solution polymerization of a monomer containing styrene and an isoprene-containing monomer dissolved in an organic solvent in the presence of a Ziegler polymerization catalyst.
- a polymer solution obtained by dissolving the copolymer in an organic solvent is preferable.
- the manufacturing method of a latex composition provided with the process of adding a crosslinking agent to the polymer latex obtained by the said manufacturing method is provided. Furthermore, according to this invention, the manufacturing method of a dip molded object provided with the process of dip-molding the latex composition obtained by the said manufacturing method is provided. Furthermore, according to this invention, the manufacturing method of the adhesive bond layer formation base material provided with the process of forming the adhesive bond layer formed using the polymer latex obtained by the said manufacturing method on a base-material surface is provided.
- a polymer latex having a high solid content concentration, excellent mechanical stability, and capable of giving a dip-molded body excellent in tensile strength, tensile elongation and tensile stress, and such a polymer It is possible to provide a dip-molded article obtained by using latex and having excellent tensile strength, tensile elongation and tensile stress.
- the method for producing the polymer latex of the present invention comprises: A polymer solution obtained by dissolving a synthetic rubber in an organic solvent, water is added, and the polymer solution is stirred with water to obtain a water-stirred polymer solution (A); An aqueous phase removal step of removing the aqueous phase from the aqueous stirring polymer solution (A) to obtain an aqueous phase removal polymer solution (B); An emulsification step of obtaining an emulsion (C) by mixing the aqueous phase removal polymer solution (B) with an aqueous solution containing a surfactant and emulsifying the mixture in water; A solvent removal step of removing the organic solvent in the emulsion (C); A concentration step of concentrating the emulsion (D) from which the organic solvent has been removed.
- water is added to a polymer solution obtained by dissolving a synthetic rubber in an organic solvent, and water is stirred into the polymer solution.
- impurities such as a residue of the polymerization catalyst contained in the polymer solution
- the polymer latex is inferior in mechanical stability and is stable in storage.
- concentration is increased by centrifugation, in order to improve the solid content concentration, specifically, when the acceleration during centrifugation is increased, the aggregation may occur. It will occur and the problem that the solid content concentration cannot be raised will occur.
- impurities such as a residue of the polymerization catalyst can be appropriately removed, so that a polymer latex having a high solid content concentration and excellent mechanical stability can be obtained. It can be provided.
- impurities such as a residue of a polymerization catalyst contained in the polymer solution can be appropriately removed. Therefore, when the synthetic rubber is emulsified using such a polymer solution, synthesis is performed. The rubber emulsification can proceed satisfactorily without being hindered by impurities such as a polymerization catalyst. As a result, problems such as agglomeration do not occur even when the centrifugation conditions are increased.
- the solid content concentration can be increased, and furthermore, the obtained polymer latex can be made excellent in mechanical stability.
- the emulsification of the synthetic rubber can proceed well without being inhibited by impurities such as a polymerization catalyst. It can be excellent in strength, tensile elongation and tensile stress.
- the synthetic rubber used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include synthetic rubber obtained by polymerizing a monomer using a polymerization catalyst such as a metal catalyst, specifically, synthetic polybutadiene, synthetic rubber Homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene monomers such as polyisoprene and synthetic polychloroprene; styrene-butadiene copolymers, styrene-isoprene copolymers, styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymers, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers Copolymers of conjugated diene monomers such as polymers, acrylonitrile-isoprene copolymers, acrylonitrile-butadiene-isoprene copolymers, butyl acrylate-butadiene copolymers and other monomers copolymerizable therewith Acrylate (co) polymers can be exe
- synthetic polyisoprene and / or styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymers are excellent in tensile strength and elongation when formed into a film molded body such as a dip molded body. Is preferred.
- the synthetic rubber used in the present invention is synthetic polyisoprene and / or styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer
- the polymer latex according to the present invention is not limited to these synthetic polyisoprene and / or latex of styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer.
- the synthetic polyisoprene contained in the polymer solution of synthetic polyisoprene may be a homopolymer of isoprene or a copolymer of other ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with isoprene. May be.
- the content of the isoprene unit in the synthetic polyisoprene is flexible, and it is easy to obtain a dip-molded article excellent in tensile strength. % Or more, more preferably 95% by weight or more, and particularly preferably 100% by weight (isoprene homopolymer).
- Examples of other ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with isoprene include conjugated diene monomers other than isoprene such as butadiene, chloroprene and 1,3-pentadiene; acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, fumaronitrile, ⁇ - Ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomers such as chloroacrylonitrile; vinyl aromatic monomers such as styrene and alkylstyrene; methyl (meth) acrylate (meaning “methyl acrylate and / or methyl methacrylate”; The same applies to ethyl (meth) acrylate, etc.), ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid ester monomers such as ethyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, and 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate; Is mentioned.
- the polymer solution of synthetic polyisoprene used in the present invention can be prepared by using, for example, a Ziegler polymerization catalyst composed of trialkylaluminum-titanium tetrachloride or an alkyllithium polymerization catalyst such as n-butyllithium or sec-butyllithium. It can be obtained by solution polymerization of a monomer containing isoprene and another copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer used as necessary in a solvent.
- a Ziegler polymerization catalyst composed of trialkylaluminum-titanium tetrachloride or an alkyllithium polymerization catalyst such as n-butyllithium or sec-butyllithium.
- the polymerization conversion rate is preferably 97 wt% or more, more preferably 99 wt% or more. In this way, it is possible to reduce the amount of residual monomer. In this way, even in the case of emulsifying directly without passing through steps such as coagulation and re-dissolution in order to remove the residual monomer, This is desirable because the amount of residual monomer can be suppressed.
- the obtained polymer solution By mixing and stirring, and then removing the aqueous phase contained in the polymer solution in which water is stirred, the polymerization catalyst remaining in the polymer solution can be efficiently removed.
- the polymer latex can have a high solid content concentration and excellent mechanical stability, and the dip-molded product obtained using this polymer latex can have a tensile strength, a tensile elongation and a tensile strength. The stress can be improved.
- the amount of the polymerization catalyst used is preferably 0.0070 to 0.085 parts by weight, more preferably 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer used for polymerization, from the viewpoint that a polymer latex can be produced with high productivity. Is 0.0076 to 0.056 parts by weight, more preferably 0.0084 to 0.042 parts by weight.
- the organic solvent is not particularly limited as long as it is inert to the polymerization reaction.
- aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene, toluene and xylene; alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopentane, cyclopentene, cyclohexane and cyclohexene.
- Solvents aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane, hexane and heptane
- halogenated hydrocarbon solvents such as methylene chloride, chloroform and ethylene dichloride; Of these, alicyclic hydrocarbon solvents or aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents are preferred, and n-hexane and cyclohexane are particularly preferred.
- the amount of the organic solvent used is preferably 250 to 2000 parts by weight, more preferably 400 to 1250 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer used for the polymerization.
- the polymerization temperature at the time of carrying out solution polymerization of the monomer containing isoprene and other copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers used as necessary produces a polymer latex with high productivity. From the viewpoint that it can be obtained, it is preferably 40 to 80 ° C, more preferably 45 to 75 ° C.
- isoprene units in the synthetic polyisoprene which are cis bond units, trans bond units, 1,2-vinyl bond units, and 3,4-vinyl bond units, depending on the bond state of isoprene.
- the content of cis-bond units in the isoprene units contained in the synthetic polyisoprene is preferably 70% by weight or more, more preferably 72% by weight, based on the total isoprene units. % Or more, more preferably 75% by weight or more.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the synthetic polyisoprene is preferably 100,000 to 5,000,000, more preferably 300,000 to 3,000,000 in terms of standard polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography analysis. More preferably, it is 500,000 to 2,000,000.
- the styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer contained in the polymer solution of styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer is a block copolymer of styrene and isoprene, and is contained in the styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer.
- the content ratio of the styrene unit to the isoprene unit is usually 1:99 to 90:10, preferably 3:97 to 70:30, more preferably 5:95 to 50, in a weight ratio of “styrene unit: isoprene unit”. : 50, more preferably in the range of 10:90 to 30:70.
- the styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer contained in the polymer solution of styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer has a molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) of preferably 1.0 to 2. 0.6, more preferably 1.0 to 2.4, and still more preferably 1.0 to 2.2.
- Mw / Mn molecular weight distribution
- the polymer solution of the styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer used in the present invention is, for example, a Ziegler polymerization catalyst composed of trialkylaluminum-titanium tetrachloride, or an alkyllithium polymerization such as n-butyllithium or sec-butyllithium. It can be obtained by solution polymerization of a monomer containing styrene and a monomer containing isoprene in an organic solvent using a catalyst.
- the polymerization conversion rate is preferably 97 wt% or more, more preferably 99 wt% or more. In this way, it is possible to reduce the amount of residual monomer. In this way, even in the case of emulsifying directly without passing through steps such as coagulation and re-dissolution in order to remove the residual monomer, This is desirable because the amount of residual monomer can be suppressed.
- the amount of the polymerization catalyst used is preferably 0.030 to 0.34 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer used for the polymerization from the viewpoint that a polymer latex can be produced with high productivity.
- the amount is more preferably 0.038 to 0.24 parts by weight, still more preferably 0.044 to 0.17 parts by weight.
- the organic solvent is not particularly limited as long as it is inert to the polymerization reaction.
- the organic solvents described above can be used.
- the amount of the organic solvent used is preferably 75 to 570 parts by weight, more preferably 80 to 400 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer used for the polymerization.
- the polymerization temperature at the time of solution polymerization of the monomer containing styrene and the monomer containing isoprene is preferably 35 to 80 from the viewpoint that a polymer latex can be produced with high productivity. ° C, more preferably 40 to 75 ° C.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer is preferably 50,000 to 500,000, more preferably 70,000 to 400 in terms of standard polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography analysis. 1,000, more preferably 100,000 to 350,000.
- the stirring step in the production method of the present invention comprises a polymer solution obtained by dissolving the above-described synthetic rubber in an organic solvent (for example, a polymer polyisoprene and / or a styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer).
- an organic solvent for example, a polymer polyisoprene and / or a styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer.
- water is added to the coalesced solution, and the polymer solution is stirred with water to obtain a water-stirred polymer solution (A).
- the stirring step water is stirred into the polymer solution, so that the water comes into contact with the polymer solution by stirring, and thereby impurities such as a polymerization catalyst contained in the polymer solution, It can be moved (dissolved) from the polymer solution to water (aqueous phase). And then, in the aqueous phase removal step described later, from the water stirred polymer solution (A) obtained by stirring, by removing the aqueous phase, the polymerization catalyst remaining in the polymer solution, etc. Impurities can be removed.
- residues of the polymerization catalyst used in the polymerization for example, trialkylaluminum used as the polymerization catalyst
- Residues of Ziegler polymerization catalysts made of titanium tetrachloride and alkyllithium polymerization catalysts such as n-butyllithium and sec-butyllithium can be efficiently removed, especially Ziegler polymerization catalyst residues. can do.
- the amount of water used in the stirring step is preferably 0.1 to 100 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 50 parts by weight, and even more preferably 1 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymer solution. is there.
- the water to be used include hard water, soft water, ion exchange water, distilled water, zeolite water, and the like, from the viewpoint that impurities contained in the polymer solution can be efficiently transferred (dissolved) to the water phase.
- Soft water, ion exchange water and distilled water are preferred.
- the solid concentration of the polymer solution used in the present invention is preferably 1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 5 to 45% by weight, still more preferably 10 to 40% by weight, and particularly preferably 15 to 35% by weight. is there.
- the solid content concentration of the polymer solution in the above range the production efficiency of the polymer latex and the stability during production can be highly balanced. That is, the higher the solid content concentration of the polymer solution, the higher the production amount (production efficiency) of the polymer latex per unit time, while the lower the solid content concentration of the polymer solution, the higher the polymer latex.
- the solid content concentration of the polymer solution within the above range, the production efficiency of the polymer latex and the stability during the production can be highly balanced. .
- the solid content concentration of the polymer solution before mixing the polymer solution with water may be adjusted by adding an organic solvent after producing the polymer solution as described above.
- the polymer solution a polymer solution obtained by polymerizing the monomer constituting the polymer in an organic solvent may be used as it is, or the polymer solution A solution obtained by coagulating a polymer once from a solution and dissolving the coagulated polymer again in an organic solvent may be used.
- the method for stirring water in the polymer solution is not particularly limited.
- water is added to the polymer solution, and stirring is performed by a known method in the tank (for example, by rotating a stirrer such as a rod, plate, agitator, propeller, etc.) And a method of stirring the mixture by introducing it into a mixing device outside the tank.
- a method of stirring using a mixing device outside the tank is preferable, and stirring can be performed by continuously sending the polymer solution repeatedly from the inside of the tank in which the polymer solution has been manufactured to the stirring apparatus outside the tank. Particularly preferred.
- the mixing device outside the tank is not particularly limited.
- a line mixer, a crushing pump, an emulsifying machine and the like can be used without any particular limitation, but impurities such as a polymerization catalyst contained in the polymer solution can be efficiently removed from the aqueous phase.
- impurities such as a polymerization catalyst contained in the polymer solution can be efficiently removed from the aqueous phase.
- an apparatus capable of stirring while applying a shearing force is preferable, and specifically, a pulverizing pump or a sine pump is preferable.
- the temperature at which water is stirred into the polymer solution is preferably 25 to 100 ° C., more preferably 30 to 80 ° C., and still more preferably 35 to 70 ° C.
- stirring time, stirring speed, flow rate, etc. for stirring water in the polymer solution are not particularly limited, and the amount and solid content of the polymer solution, the rubber component contained in the polymer solution It may be set as appropriate in accordance with the type of impurities and the type of impurities contained in the polymer solution.
- a chelating agent when water is stirred into the polymer solution, from the viewpoint that impurities such as a polymerization catalyst contained in the polymer solution can be efficiently transferred (dissolved) to the aqueous phase, a chelating agent and It is preferable that stirring is performed in a state where an oxidizing agent is added and / or a chelating agent and / or an oxidizing agent is added.
- a chelating agent for example, an aminocarboxylic acid type chelate compound, a phosphonic acid type chelate compound, gluconic acid, a citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid etc. are mentioned, A polymerization catalyst etc. which are contained in a polymer solution etc.
- An aminocarboxylic acid-based chelate compound having an amine structure is preferable because of its high effect of removing impurities.
- the chelating agent one of these may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination.
- aminocarboxylic acid chelate compounds include ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexanetetraacetic acid (CyDTA), diethylene-triaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), and triethylene.
- EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- NTA nitrilotriacetic acid
- CyDTA trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexanetetraacetic acid
- DTPA diethylene-triaminepentaacetic acid
- triethylene Triethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- NTA nitrilotriacetic acid
- CyDTA trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexanetetraacetic acid
- DTPA diethylene-triaminepentaacetic acid
- an aminocarboxylic acid chelate compound since the effect of removing impurities contained in the polymer solution is high, a larger number of amine structures is preferable (that is, monoamine ⁇ diamine ⁇ triamine ⁇ tetraamine is preferred in this order). .
- Examples of the phosphonic chelate compound include 1-hydroxyethane-1,1, -diphosphonic acid (HEDP).
- the amount of the chelating agent added is preferably 0.001 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.005 to 1 part by weight, and still more preferably 0.01 to 1 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the rubber component contained in the polymer solution. 0.5 parts by weight.
- the pH of the aqueous chelating agent solution added to the polymer solution is usually 1 to 12, preferably 1.5 to 7, more preferably 2 to 6, and further preferably 2 to 4.
- the oxidizing agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include hydrogen peroxide, aliphatic percarboxylic acid, and organic peroxide.
- the addition amount of the oxidizing agent is preferably 0.001 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.005 to 1 part by weight, and still more preferably 0.01 to 1 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the rubber component contained in the polymer solution. 0.5 parts by weight.
- the total amount of the chelating agent and the oxidizing agent is preferably 0.001 to 10 weights with respect to 100 parts by weight of the rubber component contained in the polymer solution. Part, more preferably 0.005 to 5 parts by weight, still more preferably 0.01 to 1 part by weight.
- Aqueous phase removal step in the production method of the present invention is carried out by removing the aqueous phase from the aqueous stirring polymer solution (A) obtained in the stirring step described above. B).
- the method for removing the aqueous phase from the water stirring polymer solution (A) is not particularly limited.
- the water stirring polymer solution (A) is allowed to stand to separate into an organic layer and an aqueous layer, Thereafter, a method of removing the separated aqueous layer (aqueous phase), a method of separating the organic layer and the aqueous layer by centrifugation, and then removing the separated aqueous layer (aqueous phase), etc. It is done.
- the removal rate of the aqueous phase is preferably 50% by weight or more, more preferably based on the amount of water added in the mixing and stirring step described above. Is 70% by weight or more, more preferably 80% by weight or more, and particularly preferably 90% by weight or more.
- impurities such as a polymerization catalyst contained in the polymer solution can be more efficiently removed.
- the aqueous phase is dissolved from the water-stirred polymer solution (A) by the method described above. After removing the water, it may be washed with alcohol or water to further remove the remaining aqueous phase.
- impurities such as a polymerization catalyst contained in the polymer solution can be effectively removed by the agitation step and aqueous phase removal step described above.
- the synthetic rubber can be successfully emulsified without being hindered by impurities such as a polymerization catalyst.
- the resulting polymer latex has a high solid content concentration and mechanical stability.
- the resulting dip-formed product can be made excellent in tensile strength, tensile elongation and tensile stress.
- Emulsification step in the production method of the present invention comprises emulsifying the aqueous phase removal polymer solution (B) obtained in the aqueous phase removal step described above in water in the presence of a surfactant. This is a step of obtaining (C).
- the surfactant used in the emulsification step in the production method of the present invention is not particularly limited, but an anionic surfactant can be preferably used.
- the anionic surfactant include fatty acid salts such as sodium laurate, potassium myristate, sodium palmitate, potassium oleate, sodium linolenate, sodium rosinate; sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, potassium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, Alkylbenzenesulfonates such as sodium decylbenzenesulfonate, potassium decylbenzenesulfonate, sodium cetylbenzenesulfonate, potassium cetylbenzenesulfonate; sodium di (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, potassium di (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, Alkylsulfosuccinates such as sodium dioctylsulf
- fatty acid salts, alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl sulfate esters and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate salts are preferable, and fatty acid salts and alkylbenzene sulfonates are particularly preferable.
- the generation of aggregates during production of the polymer latex is suppressed, it is selected from the group consisting of alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkylsulfosuccinates, alkyl sulfate esters and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate esters. It is preferable to use a combination of at least one selected from the above and a fatty acid salt, and it is particularly preferable to use an alkylbenzene sulfonate and a fatty acid salt in combination.
- sodium rosinate and potassium rosinate are preferable as the fatty acid salt
- sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and potassium dodecylbenzene sulfonate are preferable as the alkylbenzene sulfonate.
- These surfactants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a surfactant other than an anionic surfactant may be used in combination, and as a surfactant other than such an anionic surfactant, an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid may be used.
- examples thereof include copolymerizable surfactants such as sulfoesters of acids, sulfate esters of ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids, and sulfoalkylaryl ethers.
- non-ionic such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenol ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkyl ester, etc., as long as it does not inhibit coagulation by the coagulant used for dip molding
- a surfactant may be used in combination.
- the amount of the surfactant used is preferably 0.1 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 40 parts by weight, more preferably 100 parts by weight based on the total amount of the synthetic rubber contained in the polymer solution.
- the amount is preferably 5 to 30 parts by weight.
- the amount of water used is preferably 10 to 1,000 parts by weight, more preferably 30 to 500 parts by weight, most preferably 100 parts by weight of the synthetic rubber polymer solution. Preferably it is 50-100.
- the water to be used include hard water, soft water, ion exchange water, distilled water, zeolite water and the like, and soft water, ion exchange water and distilled water are preferable.
- an emulsifying device that is generally marketed as an emulsifier or a disperser can be used without any particular limitation.
- the method of adding the surfactant to the synthetic rubber polymer solution is not particularly limited, and it may be added in advance to either or both of water and the synthetic rubber polymer solution.
- the emulsion may be added to the emulsion (C), or may be added all at once or dividedly.
- emulsifier examples include batch type emulsification such as trade name “Homogenizer” (manufactured by IKA), trade name “Polytron” (manufactured by Kinematica), trade name “TK auto homomixer” (manufactured by Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co.) Machine: Trade name “TK Pipeline Homomixer” (made by Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co., Ltd.), trade name “Colloid Mill” (made by Shinko Pantech Co., Ltd.), trade name “Slasher” (made by Nippon Coke Industries, Ltd.), trade name “ "Trigonal wet milling machine” (Mitsui Miike Chemical Co., Ltd.), trade name “Cabitron” (Eurotech Co., Ltd.), trade name “Milder” (Pacific Kiko Co., Ltd.), trade name “Fine Flow Mill” (Pacific Kiko Co., Ltd.) Product name “Microfluidizer” (manufactured by Mizu),
- the solvent removal process in the manufacturing method of this invention is a process of removing an organic solvent from the emulsion (C) obtained at the emulsification process.
- a method for removing the organic solvent from the emulsion (C) a method capable of setting the content of the organic solvent (preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent) in the emulsion (C) to 500 ppm by weight or less is preferable.
- methods such as vacuum distillation, atmospheric distillation, steam distillation, and centrifugal separation can be employed. Among these, vacuum distillation is preferable from the viewpoint that the organic solvent can be removed appropriately and efficiently.
- pH adjuster examples include alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide; alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; alkali metal hydrogen carbonates such as sodium bicarbonate; ammonia
- alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide
- alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate
- alkali metal hydrogen carbonates such as sodium bicarbonate
- ammonia An organic amine compound such as trimethylamine or triethanolamine; an alkali metal hydroxide or ammonia is preferred.
- Concentration step in the production method of the present invention is a step of obtaining a polymer latex by concentrating the emulsion (D) from which the organic solvent has been removed in the solvent removal step described above.
- concentration method in the concentration step examples include various concentration operations such as vacuum distillation, atmospheric distillation, centrifugation, membrane concentration, etc., but adjusting the residual amount of the surfactant in the polymer latex. It is preferable to perform centrifugation from the viewpoint of being able to perform.
- a pH adjuster in advance to make the pH of the polymer latex 7 or more in order to improve the mechanical stability of the polymer latex, and the pH is 9 or more. More preferably.
- alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide or ammonia are preferable.
- the solid content concentration of the emulsion (C) used for centrifugation is preferably 1 to 40% by weight, more preferably 5 to 35% by weight, still more preferably 5 to 20% by weight. %.
- the solid content concentration of the emulsified liquid (C) before centrifugation is preferably 1 to 40% by weight, more preferably 5 to 35% by weight, still more preferably 5 to 20% by weight. %.
- the solid content concentration of the polymer latex is preferably 60% by weight or more, more preferably 60 to 70% by weight, and still more preferably 63 to 68% by weight.
- the centrifugal acceleration is preferably 3000 to 8000 G, more preferably 4000 to 6000 G, and still more preferably 4500 to 5500 G.
- the centrifugal separation is performed at the centrifugal acceleration as described above. Can also be prevented from solidifying the emulsion (C) during the centrifugation, and thus, by centrifuging at a relatively high centrifugal acceleration, it is possible to shorten the time.
- a polymer latex can be obtained at a high solid content concentration.
- the centrifugal acceleration of the centrifugal separation can be increased, the light liquid containing the polymer latex and the heavy liquid can be more appropriately separated (that is, mixed into the heavy liquid). Therefore, when the heavy liquid is discarded, the amount of the polymer latex discarded together with the heavy liquid can be reduced.
- the flow rate at which the emulsion is fed into the centrifuge is preferably 500 to 1700 kg / hr, and the back pressure (gauge pressure) of the centrifuge is preferably 0.03 to 1.6 MPa.
- the total content of the surfactant in the polymer latex produced by the production method of the present invention is preferably 5 parts by weight or less, more preferably, 100 parts by weight of the rubber component contained in the polymer latex. 3 parts by weight or less, more preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by weight.
- Latex Composition The latex composition of the present invention is obtained by adding a crosslinking agent to the polymer latex obtained by the production method of the present invention described above.
- crosslinking agent examples include sulfur such as powdered sulfur, sulfur white, precipitated sulfur, colloidal sulfur, surface-treated sulfur, insoluble sulfur, etc .; sulfur chloride, sulfur dichloride, morpholine disulfide, alkylphenol disulfide, caprolactam disulfide, phosphorus-containing polysulfide And sulfur-containing compounds such as polymer polysulfides and 2- (4′-morpholinodithio) benzothiazole.
- sulfur can be preferably used.
- a crosslinking agent can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the content of the crosslinking agent is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 3 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the rubber component contained in the polymer latex.
- the latex composition of this invention contains a crosslinking accelerator further.
- a crosslinking accelerator those usually used in dip molding can be used. Acids and zinc salts thereof; 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole zinc, 2-mercaptothiazoline, dibenzothiazyl disulfide, 2- (2,4-dinitrophenylthio) benzothiazole, 2- (N, N-diethylthio-carbylthio) benzothiazole, 2- (2,6-dimethyl-4-morpholinothio) benzothiazole, 2- (4'-morpholino-dithio) benzothia And 4-morpholinyl-2-benzothiazyl disulfide, 1,3-bis (2-benzothiazyl mercaptomethyl) urea, zinc diethyldithiocarbamate, zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, zinc 2-mercaptobenzothiazole Is preferred.
- the content of the crosslinking accelerator is preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the rubber component contained in the polymer latex.
- the latex composition of this invention contains a zinc oxide further.
- the content of zinc oxide is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the synthetic rubber.
- the latex composition of the present invention further comprises a compounding agent such as an anti-aging agent; a dispersant; a reinforcing agent such as carbon black, silica, or talc; a filler such as calcium carbonate or clay; an ultraviolet absorber; a plasticizer; It can mix
- a compounding agent such as an anti-aging agent; a dispersant; a reinforcing agent such as carbon black, silica, or talc; a filler such as calcium carbonate or clay; an ultraviolet absorber; a plasticizer; It can mix
- Antiaging agents include 2,6-di-4-methylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butylphenol, butylhydroxyanisole, 2,6-di-t-butyl- ⁇ -dimethylamino-p-cresol, Octadecyl-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, styrenated phenol, 2,2′-methylene-bis (6- ⁇ -methyl-benzyl-p-cresol), 4, Butylation of 4'-methylenebis (2,6-di-t-butylphenol), 2,2'-methylene-bis (4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), alkylated bisphenol, p-cresol and dicyclopentadiene Phenol-based antioxidants containing no sulfur atom, such as reaction products; 2,2′-thiobis- (4 methyl-6-tert-butylphenol 4,4′-thiobis- (6-tert-butyl-o-cresol), 2,6-d
- the content of the anti-aging agent is preferably 0.05 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the rubber component contained in the polymer latex.
- the method for preparing the latex composition of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- a dispersing machine such as a ball mill, a kneader, or a disper
- a polymer latex containing a synthetic rubber is blended with a crosslinking agent and, if necessary.
- the aqueous dispersion contains the synthetic rubber.
- the method of mixing with polymer latex is mentioned.
- the latex composition of the present invention preferably has a pH of 7 or more, more preferably in the range of 7 to 13, and still more preferably in the range of 8 to 12.
- the solid content concentration of the latex composition is preferably in the range of 15 to 65% by weight.
- the latex composition of the present invention is preferably aged (pre-crosslinked) before being subjected to dip molding from the viewpoint of further improving the mechanical properties of the resulting dip molded article.
- the pre-crosslinking time is not particularly limited and depends on the pre-crosslinking temperature, but is preferably 1 to 14 days, and more preferably 1 to 7 days.
- the pre-crosslinking temperature is preferably 20 to 40 ° C. After pre-crosslinking, it is preferably stored at a temperature of 10 to 30 ° C. until it is used for dip molding. When stored at a high temperature, the tensile strength of the resulting dip-molded product may decrease.
- Dip Molded Body The dip molded body of the present invention is obtained by dip molding the latex composition of the present invention.
- Dip molding is a method in which a mold is immersed in a latex composition, the composition is deposited on the surface of the mold, the mold is then lifted from the composition, and then the composition deposited on the mold surface is dried. is there.
- the mold before being immersed in the latex composition may be preheated. Further, a coagulant can be used as necessary before the mold is immersed in the latex composition or after the mold is pulled up from the latex composition.
- the method of using the coagulant include a method in which the mold before dipping in the latex composition is immersed in a solution of the coagulant to attach the coagulant to the mold (anode coagulation dipping method), and the latex composition is deposited.
- anode coagulation dipping method There is a method of immersing the formed mold in a coagulant solution (Teag adhesion dipping method), etc., but the anode adhesion dipping method is preferable in that a dip-formed product with little thickness unevenness can be obtained.
- coagulants include metal halides such as barium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, zinc chloride, and aluminum chloride; nitrates such as barium nitrate, calcium nitrate, and zinc nitrate; acetic acid such as barium acetate, calcium acetate, and zinc acetate. Salts; water-soluble polyvalent metal salts such as calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, and sulfates such as aluminum sulfate; Of these, calcium salts are preferable, and calcium nitrate is more preferable. These water-soluble polyvalent metal salts can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the coagulant is preferably used in the form of an aqueous solution.
- This aqueous solution may further contain a water-soluble organic solvent such as methanol or ethanol, or a nonionic surfactant.
- concentration of the coagulant varies depending on the type of the water-soluble polyvalent metal salt, but is preferably 5 to 50% by weight, more preferably 10 to 30% by weight.
- the deposit formed on the mold is usually dried by heating. What is necessary is just to select drying conditions suitably.
- the heating conditions at the time of crosslinking are not particularly limited, but are preferably 60 to 150 ° C., more preferably 100 to 130 ° C., and preferably 10 to 120 minutes.
- the heating method is not particularly limited, and there are a method of heating with warm air in an oven, a method of heating by irradiating infrared rays, and the like.
- the mold may be washed with water or warm water to remove water-soluble impurities (for example, excess surfactant or coagulant) before or after heating the mold on which the latex composition is deposited.
- water-soluble impurities for example, excess surfactant or coagulant
- the hot water used is preferably 40 ° C. to 80 ° C., more preferably 50 ° C. to 70 ° C.
- the dip-formed body after crosslinking is detached from the mold.
- the desorption method include a method of peeling from a mold by hand, a method of peeling by water pressure or compressed air pressure, and the like. If the dip-formed product in the middle of crosslinking has sufficient strength against desorption, it may be desorbed in the middle of crosslinking, and then the subsequent crosslinking may be continued.
- the dip-formed body of the present invention is obtained using the latex composition obtained by the production method of the present invention, it has excellent tensile strength and can be used particularly suitably as a glove.
- the dip-molded body is a glove
- the glove is made of inorganic fine particles such as talc and calcium carbonate or organic fine particles such as starch particles. It may be dispersed on the surface, an elastomer layer containing fine particles may be formed on the surface of the glove, or the surface layer of the glove may be chlorinated.
- the dip-molded body of the present invention is a medical article such as a nipple for baby bottles, a dropper, a tube, a water pillow, a balloon sac, a catheter, and a condom; a toy such as a balloon, a doll, and a ball; It can also be used for industrial articles such as molding bags and gas storage bags;
- Adhesive Layer Forming Base Material comprises an adhesive layer formed on the base material using the polymer latex of the present invention described above, an adhesive layer, It is a composite material.
- the substrate is not particularly limited, but for example, a fiber substrate can be used.
- the kind of fiber which comprises a fiber base material is not specifically limited, For example, polyamide fibers, such as vinylon fiber, polyester fiber, nylon, and aramid (aromatic polyamide), glass fiber, cotton, rayon etc. are mentioned. These can be appropriately selected according to the application.
- the shape of the fiber substrate is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include staples, filaments, cords, ropes, woven fabrics (such as canvas), and the like, and can be appropriately selected depending on the application.
- the adhesive layer may be formed using the above-described polymer latex of the present invention, and may be used as it is without blending a compounding agent or the like in the above-described polymer latex of the present invention, or By blending various compounding agents, an adhesive composition may be formed, and an adhesive layer may be formed using such an adhesive composition.
- Examples of the compounding agent contained in the adhesive composition include an adhesive resin.
- the adhesive resin is not particularly limited, and for example, resorcin-formaldehyde resin, melamine resin, epoxy resin and isocyanate resin can be suitably used, and among these, resorcin-formaldehyde resin is preferable.
- As the resorcin-formaldehyde resin known ones (for example, those disclosed in JP-A-55-142635) can be used.
- the reaction ratio of resorcin to formaldehyde is usually 1: 1 to 1: 5, preferably 1: 1 to 1: 3 in terms of a molar ratio of “resorcin: formaldehyde”.
- the adhesive composition contains 2,6-bis (2,4-dihydroxyphenylmethyl) -4-chlorophenol or a similar compound, isocyanate, block, which has been conventionally used to further increase the adhesive strength.
- isocyanate, ethylene urea, polyepoxide, modified polyvinyl chloride resin and the like can be contained.
- the adhesive composition can contain a vulcanization aid.
- a vulcanization aid By including a vulcanization aid, the mechanical strength of the adhesive layer-forming substrate can be improved.
- Vulcanization aids include quinone dioximes such as p-quinone dioxime; methacrylic acid esters such as lauryl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate; DAF (diallyl fumarate), DAP (diallyl phthalate), TAC (triallyl cyanurate), And allyl compounds such as TAIC (triallyl isocyanurate); maleimide compounds such as bismaleimide, phenylmaleimide and N, Nm-phenylene dimaleimide; sulfur; and the like.
- the content (solid content) of the synthetic rubber in the adhesive composition is preferably 5 to 60% by weight, more preferably 10 to 30% by weight.
- the adhesive layer-forming substrate of the present invention is, for example, a method of applying the polymer latex of the present invention or an adhesive composition containing the same to the surface of the substrate, or the substrate of the polymer of the present invention. It can be obtained by forming an adhesive layer on a substrate by a method of immersing in latex or an adhesive composition containing the latex.
- Such an adhesive layer-forming substrate of the present invention can be used as a substrate-rubber composite by adhering to rubber via an adhesive layer, for example.
- the base material-rubber composite is not particularly limited.
- rubber using a base fiber-like fiber base material such as a rubber toothed belt with a core wire using a cord-like fiber base material or a canvas Examples thereof include a toothed belt.
- the method for obtaining the base material-rubber composite is not particularly limited.
- the polymer latex of the present invention or the adhesive composition containing the base material is adhered to the base material by a coating method or a dipping treatment.
- the pressurization can be performed using a compression (press) molding machine, a metal roll, an injection molding machine or the like.
- the pressurizing pressure is preferably 0.5 to 20 MPa, more preferably 2 to 10 MPa.
- the heating temperature is preferably 130 to 300 ° C, more preferably 150 to 250 ° C.
- the treatment time for heating and pressing is preferably 1 to 180 minutes, more preferably 5 to 120 minutes.
- rubber molding and adhesion between the adhesive layer forming substrate and the rubber can be performed simultaneously.
- a base material-rubber-base composite can be exemplified.
- the base material-rubber-base material composite can be formed, for example, by combining a base material (may be a composite of two or more kinds of base materials) and a base material-rubber composite. Specifically, a core wire as a base material, rubber and a base fabric as a base material are stacked (in this case, the core wire and the base fabric are appropriately coated with the polymer latex of the present invention or an adhesive composition containing the polymer latex).
- a base material-rubber-base material composite can be obtained by applying pressure while heating.
- the base material-rubber composite obtained using the adhesive layer forming base material of the present invention is excellent in mechanical strength, abrasion resistance and water resistance. Therefore, a flat belt, V belt, V ribbed belt, It can be suitably used as a belt such as a round belt, a square belt, or a toothed belt.
- the base material-rubber composite obtained using the base material for forming an adhesive layer of the present invention is excellent in oil resistance and can be suitably used as a belt in oil.
- the substrate-rubber composite obtained using the adhesive layer-forming substrate of the present invention can be suitably used for hoses, tubes, diaphragms and the like.
- Examples of the hose include a single tube rubber hose, a multilayer rubber hose, a braided reinforcement hose, and a cloth wound reinforcement hose.
- Examples of the diaphragm include a flat diaphragm and a rolling diaphragm.
- the substrate-rubber composite obtained by using the adhesive layer-forming substrate of the present invention can be used as industrial products such as seals and rubber rolls in addition to the above uses.
- the seal include a moving part seal such as a rotating part, a swinging part, and a reciprocating part, and a fixed part seal.
- the motion part seal include an oil seal, a piston seal, a mechanical seal, a boot, a dust cover, a diaphragm, and an accumulator.
- Examples of the fixed part seal include an O-ring and various gaskets.
- rolls that are parts of OA equipment such as printing equipment and copying equipment; rolls for fiber processing such as spinning rolls for spinning and drafting rolls for spinning; rolls for iron making such as bridle rolls, snubber rolls, steering rolls, etc.
- OA equipment printing equipment and copying equipment
- rolls for fiber processing such as spinning rolls for spinning and drafting rolls for spinning
- rolls for iron making such as bridle rolls, snubber rolls, steering rolls, etc.
- Weight average molecular weight (Mw), molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) The polymer solution is diluted with tetrahydrofuran so that the solid content concentration of the synthetic polyisoprene or styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer is 0.1% by weight, and this solution is subjected to gel permeation chromatography. Graphical analysis was performed, and the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) in terms of standard polystyrene were calculated.
- the emulsion was visually observed for separation and solidification, and evaluated according to the following criteria. A: No particular problem was confirmed, and good emulsification could be performed. B: Separation or solidification occurred in the emulsion and emulsification could not be performed satisfactorily.
- the stability e.g. the presence or absence of aggregates
- cyclohexane was distilled off from the solvent removal stable emulsion by vacuum distillation was visually observed and evaluated according to the following criteria.
- Centrifugal stability Stability during the centrifugation of the emulsion from which cyclohexane has been removed (whether or not coagulation of the synthetic polyisoprene or styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer has occurred) is visually observed. Evaluated by criteria. A: Coagulation was not confirmed and centrifugation could be performed satisfactorily. B: Slight coagulation was confirmed, but centrifugation could be performed. C: Coagulation occurred and centrifugation could not be performed.
- the polymer latex after stirring was filtered through an 80 mesh wire mesh. Thereafter, the mesh was washed with soapy water, washed with distilled water, and dried at 105 ° C. for 2 hours. After drying, the residue on the wire mesh was weighed to calculate the ratio (unit: wt%) to 50 g of polymer latex, and the mechanical stability was evaluated based on the value. The smaller the value, the better the mechanical stability of the polymer latex, preferably 2.0 or less.
- a film-shaped dip-molded body having a film thickness of about 0.2 mm is obtained by dumbbell (trade name “Super Dumbbell (model: SDMK-100C)”. ”, Manufactured by Dumbbell Co., Ltd.) to produce a test piece for measuring tensile strength.
- the test piece was pulled with a Tensilon universal tester (trade name “RTG-1210”, manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd.) at a tensile speed of 500 mm / min, tensile strength immediately before break (unit: MPa), elongation just before break (unit:%) ) And the tensile stress (unit: MPa) when the elongation is 500%.
- a Tensilon universal tester trade name “RTG-1210”, manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd.
- Example 1 Preparation of polymer solution of synthetic polyisoprene
- an isoprene polymer (PI) having a weight average molecular weight of 1,300,000 (trade name “Nipol IR2200L”, manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd., isoprene homopolymer, cis bond unit amount) 98%) 15 parts were added, and the mixture was dissolved by raising the temperature to 70 ° C. while stirring in a tank to prepare 100 parts of a polymer solution of an isoprene polymer. In addition, solid content concentration of the obtained polymer solution was 15 weight%.
- styrene-maleic acid mono-sec-butyl ester-maleic acid monomethyl ester polymer (trade name “Scripset 550”, manufactured by Hercules)
- sodium hydroxide was used to reduce the carboxyl group in the polymer to about 100%.
- an aqueous sodium salt solution (concentration: 10% by weight) as a dispersant (g) was prepared. Then, this dispersant (g) is added to 100 parts of the synthetic polyisoprene with respect to the mixed liquid (f-1) so as to be 0.6 parts in terms of solid content, whereby the mixed liquid (h -1) was obtained.
- the glass mold coated with the coagulant was dried in an oven at 70 ° C. Thereafter, the glass mold coated with the coagulant was taken out from the oven, dipped in the latex composition (i) at 25 ° C. for 10 seconds, taken out, and dried at room temperature for 60 minutes.
- the glass mold coated with the film was placed in an oven, heated from 50 ° C. to 60 ° C. for 25 minutes and preliminarily dried, and then placed in a 70 ° C. oven for 10 minutes for further drying.
- the glass mold was immersed in warm water at 60 ° C. for 2 minutes and then air-dried at room temperature for 10 minutes.
- the glass mold covered with the film-like synthetic polyisoprene was placed in an oven and vulcanized at 100 ° C. for 60 minutes.
- the glass mold covered with the vulcanized film was cooled to room temperature, sprayed with talc, and then peeled off from the glass mold to obtain a dip-molded body.
- the obtained dip-molded product was measured for tensile strength, tensile elongation, and tensile stress at 500% elongation according to the method described above. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 In Example 1, except that the amount of distilled water added to the polymer solution was changed to 1 part, in the same manner as in Example 1, the polymer solution (a-2), the polymer latex (e-2) and A latex composition (i-2) was produced and evaluated in the same manner. The amount of the aqueous phase removed to obtain the polymer solution (a-2) was 90% by weight with respect to the amount of distilled water added. The solid content concentration of the polymer latex (e-2) after centrifugation was 65% by weight. Then, a dip-formed product was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the obtained latex composition (i-2) was used, and evaluation was performed in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 In Example 1, after adding distilled water to the polymer solution, the temperature at the time of stirring by the pulverizing pump (CP) was changed to 35 ° C., and the polymer solution (a -3), polymer latex (e-3) and latex composition (i-3) were produced and evaluated in the same manner. The amount of the aqueous phase removed to obtain the polymer solution (a-3) was 97% by weight with respect to the amount of distilled water added. The solid content concentration of the polymer latex (e-3) after centrifugation was 66% by weight. Then, a dip-formed product was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the obtained latex composition (i-3) was used, and evaluation was performed in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 In Example 3, before stirring with pulverized pump (CP), 0.015 part of chelating agent (EDTA) was dissolved in 10 parts of distilled water with respect to 100 parts of the polymer solution of isoprene polymer, and then the pH was adjusted with hydrochloric acid.
- a polymer solution (a-4), a polymer latex (e-4) and a latex composition (i-4) were produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that a solution having a pH of 3.5 was added. Performed and evaluated in the same manner. The amount of the aqueous phase removed to obtain the polymer solution (a-4) was 93% by weight with respect to the amount of distilled water added.
- the solid content concentration of the polymer latex (e-4) after centrifugation was 67% by weight. Then, a dip-formed product was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the obtained latex composition (i-4) was used, and evaluation was performed in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 In Example 3, the polymer solution was stirred in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the polymer solution was stirred for 3 hours using only the stirrer installed in the tank without stirring using the pulverized pump (CP).
- A-5 polymer latex (e-5) and latex composition (i-5) were produced and evaluated in the same manner.
- the amount of the aqueous phase removed to obtain the polymer solution (a-5) was 91% by weight with respect to the amount of distilled water added.
- the solid content concentration of the polymer latex (e-5) after centrifugation was 65% by weight.
- a dip-formed product was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the obtained latex composition (i-5) was used, and evaluation was performed in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 In Example 1, instead of isoprene polymer (PI), 30 parts of styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer (SIS) (trade name “Quintac 3620”, manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.) was used, and the amount of cyclohexane was adjusted. A polymer solution (a-6) of a styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer (a-6), a polymer latex (e-6), and a latex composition (i-), except that the amount was changed to 70 parts. 6) was manufactured and evaluated in the same manner.
- SIS styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer
- the amount of the aqueous phase removed to obtain the polymer solution (a-6) was 92% by weight with respect to the amount of distilled water added.
- the solid content concentration of the polymer latex (e-6) after centrifugation was 65% by weight. Then, a dip-formed product was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the obtained latex composition (i-6) was used, and evaluation was performed in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 1 In Example 1, a polymer solution of a synthetic isoprene polymer was used in the same manner as in Example 1 except that addition of distilled water, stirring and removal of the aqueous phase were not performed on the polymer solution of the synthetic isoprene polymer. An emulsion (d-7) from which (a-7) and cyclohexane had been removed was produced and evaluated in the same manner. In Comparative Example 1, when the emulsion (d-7) from which cyclohexane was removed was centrifuged, the solid content in the emulsion (d-7) from which cyclohexane was removed coagulated, resulting in a polymer latex. could not get. Therefore, in Comparative Example 1, it was not possible to produce a dip molded body using a polymer latex and to evaluate the dip molded body. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 2 In Example 1, after adding distilled water to the polymer solution and stirring with a pulverizing pump (CP), the polymer solution (a An emulsion (d-8) from which -8) and cyclohexane were removed was produced and evaluated in the same manner. In Comparative Example 2, when the emulsion (d-8) from which cyclohexane was removed was centrifuged, the solid content in the emulsion (d-8) from which cyclohexane was removed coagulated, resulting in a polymer latex. could not get. Therefore, in Comparative Example 1, it was not possible to produce a dip molded body using a polymer latex and to evaluate the dip molded body. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 In Example 1, after adding distilled water to the polymer solution and stirring with a pulverizing pump (CP), an emulsion (d-9) from which cyclohexane was removed without removing the aqueous phase was produced. Thereafter, a polymer solution (a-) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the centrifugal acceleration at the time of centrifuging the emulsion (d-9) from which cyclohexane was removed was changed to 2,000 to 3,000 G. 9) Polymer latex (e-9) and latex composition (i-9) were produced and evaluated in the same manner. The solid content concentration of the polymer latex (e-9) after centrifugation was 56% by weight. Then, a dip-formed product was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the obtained latex composition (i-9) was used, and evaluation was performed in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Latex is excellent in productivity (emulsification stability, solvent removal stability and centrifugation stability) and mechanical stability, and a dip-molded product obtained using such a polymer latex has tensile strength, tensile strength, It was also excellent in elongation and tensile stress (Examples 1 to 6).
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、このような実状に鑑みてなされたものであり、固形分濃度が高く、機械的安定性に優れ、かつ、引張強度、引張伸びおよび引張応力に優れたディップ成形体を与えることのできる重合体ラテックスを提供することを目的とする。
これに対し、本発明者等は、上記課題を解決するためにさらなる検討を行った結果、合成ゴムを有機溶媒中に溶解してなる重合体溶液に、水を添加し、重合体溶液に水を攪拌させること、次いで、重合体溶液中に含まれる水相を除去することにより、上記課題を解決できることを見出し、本発明を完成させるに至った。
本発明の重合体ラテックスの製造方法では、前記攪拌工程における、前記重合体溶液への水の攪拌を、せん断力を付与しながら行うことが好ましい。
本発明の重合体ラテックスの製造方法では、前記攪拌工程における、水の使用量を、前記重合体溶液100重量部に対して、0.1~100重量部とすることが好ましい。
本発明の重合体ラテックスの製造方法では、前記攪拌工程における、前記重合体溶液への水の攪拌を、温度25~100℃の条件で行うことが好ましい。
本発明の重合体ラテックスの製造方法では、前記合成ゴムが、合成ポリイソプレンおよび/またはスチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロック共重合体であることが好ましい。
本発明の重合体ラテックスの製造方法では、前記重合体溶液が、有機溶媒に溶解させたイソプレンを含む単量体を、チーグラー系重合触媒の存在下で、溶液重合して得られる前記合成ポリイソプレン、および/または有機溶媒に溶解させたスチレンを含有する単量体とイソプレンを含有する単量体とを、チーグラー系重合触媒の存在下で、溶液重合して得られる前記スチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロック共重合体を、有機溶媒中に溶解してなる重合体溶液であることが好ましい。
さらに、本発明によれば、前記製造方法により得られたラテックス組成物をディップ成形する工程を備えるディップ成形体の製造方法が提供される。
さらに、本発明によれば、前記製造方法により得られた重合体ラテックスを用いて形成される接着剤層を、基材表面に形成する工程を備える接着剤層形成基材の製造方法が提供される。
合成ゴムを有機溶媒中に溶解してなる重合体溶液に、水を添加し、前記重合体溶液に水を攪拌させることで、水攪拌重合体溶液(A)とする攪拌工程と、
前記水攪拌重合体溶液(A)から、水相を除去することで、水相除去重合体溶液(B)とする水相除去工程と、
前記水相除去重合体溶液(B)を、界面活性剤を含む水溶液と混合して、水中で乳化させることで、乳化液(C)を得る乳化工程と、
前記乳化液(C)中の有機溶媒を除去する溶媒除去工程と、
前記有機溶媒を除去した乳化液(D)を濃縮する濃縮工程と、を備えるものである。
これに対し、本発明によれば、このような重合触媒の残渣などの不純物を適切に除去することができるため、これにより、固形分濃度が高く、機械的安定性に優れた重合体ラテックスを提供できるものである。特に、本発明によれば、重合体溶液中に含まれている重合触媒の残渣などの不純物を適切に除去できることから、このような重合体溶液を用いて、合成ゴムを乳化させる際に、合成ゴムの乳化を、重合触媒などの不純物に阻害されることなく良好に進行させることができるものであり、これにより、遠心分離の条件を高くしても、凝集等の問題が発生しないため、結果として、その固形分濃度を上げることができるものであり、さらには、得られる重合体ラテックスを機械的安定性にも優れたものとすることができるものである。加えて、本発明によれば、合成ゴムの乳化を、重合触媒などの不純物に阻害されることなく良好に進行させることができることから、ディップ成形とした場合に、得られるディップ成形体を、引張強度、引張伸びおよび引張応力に優れたものとすることができるものである。
まず、合成ゴムが合成ポリイソプレンである場合について説明する。
合成ポリイソプレンの重合体溶液に含まれる合成ポリイソプレンは、イソプレンの単独重合体であってもよいし、イソプレンと共重合可能な他のエチレン性不飽和単量体とを共重合したものであってもよい。合成ポリイソプレン中のイソプレン単位の含有量は、柔軟で、引張強度に優れるディップ成形体が得られやすいことから、全単量体単位に対して、好ましくは70重量%以上、より好ましくは90重量%以上、さらに好ましくは95重量%以上、特に好ましくは100重量%(イソプレンの単独重合体)である。
%以上である。
次いで、本発明で用いる合成ゴムがスチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロック共重合体である場合について説明する。
スチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロック共重合体の重合体溶液に含まれる、スチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロック共重合体は、スチレンとイソプレンとのブロック共重合体であり、スチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロック共重合体中のスチレン単位とイソプレン単位の含有割合は、「スチレン単位:イソプレン単位」の重量比で、通常1:99~90:10、好ましくは3:97~70:30、より好ましくは5:95~50:50、さらに好ましくは10:90~30:70の範囲である。
本発明の製造方法における攪拌工程は、上述した合成ゴムを有機溶媒中に溶解してなる重合体溶液(たとえば、上述した合成ポリイソプレンおよび/またはスチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロック共重合体の重合体溶液)に、水を添加し、前記重合体溶液に水を攪拌させることで、水攪拌重合体溶液(A)とする工程である。
本発明の製造方法における水相除去工程は、上述した攪拌工程にて得られた水攪拌重合体溶液(A)から、水相を除去することで、水相除去重合体溶液(B)とする工程である。
本発明の製造方法における乳化工程は、上述した水相除去工程において得られた水相除去重合体溶液(B)を、界面活性剤の存在下に、水中で乳化させることで、乳化液(C)を得る工程である。
本発明の製造方法における溶媒除去工程は、乳化工程で得られた乳化液(C)から、有機溶媒を除去する工程である。乳化液(C)から有機溶媒を除去する方法としては、乳化液(C)中における、有機溶媒(好ましくは脂肪族炭化水素溶媒)の含有量を500重量ppm以下とすることのできる方法が好ましく、たとえば、減圧蒸留、常圧蒸留、水蒸気蒸留、遠心分離等の方法を採用することができるが、これらの中でも、有機溶媒を適切かつ効率的に除去できるという観点より、減圧蒸留が好ましい。
本発明の製造方法における濃縮工程は、上述した溶媒除去工程において有機溶媒を除去した乳化液(D)を濃縮することで、重合体ラテックスを得る工程である。
本発明のラテックス組成物は、上述した本発明の製造方法により得られる重合体ラテックスに、架橋剤を添加してなるものである。
架橋促進剤としては、ディップ成形において通常用いられるものが使用でき、たとえば、ジエチルジチオカルバミン酸、ジブチルジチオカルバミン酸、ジ-2-エチルヘキシルジチオカルバミン酸、ジシクロヘキシルジチオカルバミン酸、ジフェニルジチオカルバミン酸、ジベンジルジチオカルバミン酸などのジチオカルバミン酸類およびそれらの亜鉛塩;2-メルカプトベンゾチアゾール、2-メルカプトベンゾチアゾール亜鉛、2-メルカプトチアゾリン、ジベンゾチアジル・ジスルフィド、2-(2,4-ジニトロフェニルチオ)ベンゾチアゾール、2-(N,N-ジエチルチオ・カルバイルチオ)ベンゾチアゾール、2-(2,6-ジメチル-4-モルホリノチオ)ベンゾチアゾール、2-(4′-モルホリノ・ジチオ)ベンゾチアゾール、4-モルホニリル-2-ベンゾチアジル・ジスルフィド、1,3-ビス(2-ベンゾチアジル・メルカプトメチル)ユリアなどが挙げられるが、ジエチルジチオカルバミン酸亜鉛、2ジブチルジチオカルバミン酸亜鉛、2-メルカプトベンゾチアゾール亜鉛が好ましい。架橋促進剤は、1種単独で、あるいは2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
酸化亜鉛の含有量は、特に限定されないが、合成ゴム100重量部に対して、好ましくは0.1~5重量部、より好ましくは0.2~2重量部である。酸化亜鉛の含有量を上記範囲とすることにより、乳化安定性を良好なものとしながら、得られるディップ成形体の引張強度をより高めることができる。
そして、前架橋した後、ディップ成形に供されるまで、好ましくは10~30℃の温度で貯蔵することが好ましい。高温のまま貯蔵すると、得られるディップ成形体の引張強度が低下する場合がある。
本発明のディップ成形体は、本発明のラテックス組成物をディップ成形して得られる。ディップ成形は、ラテックス組成物に型を浸漬し、型の表面に当該組成物を沈着させ、次に型を当該組成物から引き上げ、その後、型の表面に沈着した当該組成物を乾燥させる方法である。なお、ラテックス組成物に浸漬される前の型は予熱しておいてもよい。また、型をラテックス組成物に浸漬する前、または、型をラテックス組成物から引き上げた後、必要に応じて凝固剤を使用できる。
架橋時の加熱条件は、特に限定されないが、好ましくは60~150℃、より好ましくは100~130℃の加熱温度で、好ましくは10~120分の加熱時間である。
加熱の方法は、特に限定されないが、オーブンの中で温風で加熱する方法、赤外線を照射して加熱する方法などがある。
本発明の接着剤層形成基材は、基材上に、上述した本発明の重合体ラテックスを用いて形成される接着剤層を備える、基材と、接着剤層との複合材料である。
重合体溶液に含まれる、合成ポリイソプレンまたはスチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロック共重合体の固形分濃度が0.1重量%となるように、テトラヒドロフランで希釈し、この溶液について、ゲル・パーミーエーション・クロマトグラフィー分析を行い、標準ポリスチレン換算の重量平均分子量(Mw)および分子量分布(Mw/Mn)を算出した。
アルミ皿(重量:X1)に試料2gを精秤し(重量:X2)、これを105℃の熱風乾燥器内で2時間乾燥させた。次いで、デシケーター内で冷却した後、アルミ皿ごと重量を測定し(重量:X3)、下記の計算式にしたがって、固形分濃度を算出した。
固形分濃度(重量%)=(X3-X1)×100/X2
乳化を行っている間、乳化液の分離や固化がないかを目視にて観察し、以下の基準で評価した。
A:特に問題は確認されず、良好に乳化を行うことができた。
B:乳化液に分離または固化が発生し、良好に乳化を行うことができなかった。
乳化液から減圧蒸留によりシクロヘキサンを留去している間の安定性(凝集体の発生有無等)を、目視にて観察し、以下の基準で評価した。
A:特に問題は確認されず、良好に減圧蒸留を行うことができた。
B:乳化液の表面層に多くの凝集物が浮遊する問題が発生し、減圧蒸留を行うことがで
きなかった。
シクロヘキサンを除去した乳化液を遠心分離している間の安定性(合成ポリイソプレンまたはスチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロック共重合体の凝固の発生有無)を、目視にて観察し、以下の基準で評価した。
A:凝固は確認されず、良好に遠心分離を行うことができた。
B:わずかに凝固が確認されたが、遠心分離を行うことができた。
C:凝固が発生してしまい、遠心分離を行うことができなかった。
ASTMD1417-10の「Determination of Mechanical Stability」に記載の方法に準拠して以下の方法により機械的安定性を評価した。
MS-5114(上島製作所)またはLL5110NA MK3(Source 2 trade Ltd)を使用して機械的安定性を測定した。但し、攪拌ディスクはASTM D1076-10に規定されている直径が20.83mm±0.03mm、厚みが1.57mm±0.05mmのものを使用した。ガラスビーカーはASTM D141710に規定されているガラス製ビーカーで内径が57.8mm±1mmであるものを使用した。重合体ラテックス50gを精秤し、回転数14,000rpmの条件で30分間攪拌した。攪拌後の重合体ラテックスを、80メッシュ金網にて濾過した。その後メッシュを石鹸水で洗浄し、蒸留水で石鹸を洗い流した後、105℃で2時間乾燥した。乾燥後、金網上の残渣物を秤量して、重合体ラテックス50gに対する比率(単位:重量%)を計算し、その値により機械的安定性を評価した。値が小さいほど、重合体ラテックスの機械的安定性が優れており、2.0以下であることが好ましい。
ASTM D412に基づいて、膜厚が約0.2mmのフィルム状のディップ成形体を、ダンベル(商品名「スーパーダンベル(型式:SDMK-100C)」、ダンベル社製)で打ち抜き、引張強度測定用試験片を作製した。当該試験片をテンシロン万能試験機(商品名「RTG-1210」、オリエンテック社製)で引張速度500mm/minで引っ張り、破断直前の引張強度(単位:MPa)、破断直前の伸び(単位:%)および伸び率が500%の時の引張応力(単位:MPa)を測定した。
(合成ポリイソプレンの重合体溶液の調製)
タンク内にシクロヘキサン85部を仕込んだ後、重量平均分子量が1,300,000のイソプレン重合体(PI)(商品名「Nipol IR2200L」、日本ゼオン社製、イソプレンの単独重合体、シス結合単位量98%)15部を投入し、タンク内で攪拌しながら温度を70℃に昇温して溶解し、イソプレン重合体の重合体溶液100部を調製した。なお、得られた重合体溶液の固形分濃度は、15重量%であった。
上記にて得られた重合体溶液に10部の蒸留水を添加した後、タンク内に据付けられた攪拌機および、タンク系外に設置したせん断混合装置としての粉砕プンプ(CP)を用いて、温度70℃で1時間循環することで攪拌した後、30分間静置することで、下層として水相を分離し、分離した水相を除去することで合成イソプレン重合体の重合体溶液(a-1)を得た。この時に除去した水相の量は、添加した蒸留水の量に対して、92重量%であった。
まず、ロジン酸ナトリウム10部を水と混合し、濃度1.0重量%のアニオン性界面活性剤水溶液(b)を調製した。
次いで、上記合成イソプレン重合体の重合体溶液(a-1)と、上記アニオン性界面活性剤水溶液(b)とを、重量比が1:1となる割合で、ミキサー(商品名「マルチラインミキサーMS26-MMR-5.5L」、佐竹化学機械工業社製)に投入して混合し、続いて、ホモジナイザー(商品名「マイルダーMDN310」、太平洋機工社製)を用い4100rpmで混合および乳化して、乳化液(c-1)を得た。なお、乳化を行っている間の乳化安定性を、上述した方法にしたがって評価した。結果を表1に示す。
続いて、乳化液(c-1)を、-0.01~-0.09MPa(ゲージ圧)の減圧下で80℃に加温し、シクロヘキサンを留去することで、シクロヘキサンを除去した乳化液(d-1)(合成イソプレン重合体の水分散液)を得た。なお、シクロヘキサンを留去している間の溶媒除去安定性を、上述した方法にしたがって評価した。結果を表1に示す。
次いで、シクロヘキサンを除去した乳化液(d-1)を、連続遠心分離機を用いて、遠心加速度4,000~5,000Gで遠心分離し、軽液として、固形分濃度66重量%の重合体ラテックス(e-1)を得た。なお、遠心分離を行っている間の遠心分離安定性を、上述した方法にしたがって評価した。また、得られた重合体ラテックス(e-1)について、上述した方法にしたがい、機械的安定性を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
得られた合成ポリイソプレン重合体ラテックス(e-1)を攪拌しながら、濃度5重量%のジブチルジチオカルバミン酸ナトリウム水溶液を添加することで、混合液(f-1)を得た。なお、ジブチルジチオカルバミン酸ナトリウム水溶液の添加量は、合成ポリイソプレン100部に対して、ジブチルジチオカルバミン酸ナトリウム0.4部であった。
表面がすり加工されたガラス型(直径約5cm、すり部長さ約15cm)を洗浄し、70℃のオーブン内で予備加熱した後、16重量%の硝酸カルシウムおよび0.05重量%のポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル(商品名「エマルゲン109P」、花王社製)からなる凝固剤水溶液に5秒間浸漬し、取り出した。
実施例1において、重合体溶液に添加する蒸留水の量を1部に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、重合体溶液(a-2)、重合体ラテックス(e-2)およびラテックス組成物(i-2)の製造を行い、同様に評価を行った。なお、重合体溶液(a-2)を得るために除去した水相の量は、添加した蒸留水の量に対して、90重量%であった。また、遠心分離後の重合体ラテックス(e-2)の固形分濃度は、65重量%であった。そして、得られたラテックス組成物(i-2)を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてディップ成形体の製造を行い、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1において、重合体溶液に蒸留水を添加した後、粉砕プンプ(CP)により攪拌する際の温度を、35℃に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、重合体溶液(a-3)、重合体ラテックス(e-3)およびラテックス組成物(i-3)の製造を行い、同様に評価を行った。なお、重合体溶液(a-3)を得るために除去した水相の量は、添加した蒸留水の量に対して、97重量%であった。また、遠心分離後の重合体ラテックス(e-3)の固形分濃度は、66重量%であった。そして、得られたラテックス組成物(i-3)を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてディップ成形体の製造を行い、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例3において、粉砕プンプ(CP)により攪拌する前に、イソプレン重合体の重合体溶液100部に対し、キレート剤(EDTA)0.015部を蒸留水10部に溶解した後に塩酸にてpHを3.5とした溶液を添加した以外は、実施例3と同様にして、重合体溶液(a-4)、重合体ラテックス(e-4)およびラテックス組成物(i-4)の製造を行い、同様に評価を行った。なお、重合体溶液(a-4)を得るために除去した水相の量は、添加した蒸留水の量に対して、93重量%であった。また、遠心分離後の重合体ラテックス(e-4)の固形分濃度は、67重量%であった。そして、得られたラテックス組成物(i-4)を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてディップ成形体の製造を行い、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例3において、粉砕プンプ(CP)を用いた攪拌を行わず、タンクに据え付けられた攪拌機のみにて、重合体溶液を3時間攪拌した以外は、実施例3と同様にして、重合体溶液(a-5)、重合体ラテックス(e-5)およびラテックス組成物(i-5)の製造を行い、同様に評価を行った。なお、重合体溶液(a-5)を得るために除去した水相の量は、添加した蒸留水の量に対して、91重量%であった。また、遠心分離後の重合体ラテックス(e-5)の固形分濃度は、65重量%であった。そして、得られたラテックス組成物(i-5)を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてディップ成形体の製造を行い、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1において、イソプレン重合体(PI)に代えて、スチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロック共重合体(SIS)(商品名「Quintac 3620」、日本ゼオン社製)30部を用いるとともに、シクロヘキサンの量を70部に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、スチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロック共重合体の重合体溶液(a-6)、重合体ラテックス(e-6)およびラテックス組成物(i-6)の製造を行い、同様に評価を行った。なお、重合体溶液(a-6)を得るために除去した水相の量は、添加した蒸留水の量に対して、92重量%であった。また、遠心分離後の重合体ラテックス(e-6)の固形分濃度は、65重量%であった。そして、得られたラテックス組成物(i-6)を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてディップ成形体の製造を行い、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1において、合成イソプレン重合体の重合体溶液に対し、蒸留水の添加、攪拌および水相の除去を行わなかった以外は、実施例1と効用にして、合成イソプレン重合体の重合体溶液(a-7)およびシクロヘキサンを除去した乳化液(d-7)の製造を行い、同様に評価を行った。なお、比較例1においては、シクロヘキサンを除去した乳化液(d-7)を遠心分離した際に、シクロヘキサンを除去した乳化液(d-7)中の固形分が凝固してしまい、重合体ラテックスを得ることができなかった。そのため、比較例1においては、重合体ラテックスを用いたディップ成形体の製造、およびディップ成形体の評価を行うことができなかった。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1において、重合体溶液に蒸留水を添加して粉砕プンプ(CP)により攪拌した後で、水相の除去を行わなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にして、重合体溶液(a-8)およびシクロヘキサンを除去した乳化液(d-8)の製造を行い、同様に評価を行った。なお、比較例2においては、シクロヘキサンを除去した乳化液(d-8)を遠心分離した際に、シクロヘキサンを除去した乳化液(d-8)中の固形分が凝固してしまい、重合体ラテックスを得ることができなかった。そのため、比較例1においては、重合体ラテックスを用いたディップ成形体の製造、およびディップ成形体の評価を行うことができなかった。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1において、重合体溶液に蒸留水を添加して粉砕プンプ(CP)により攪拌した後、水相の除去を行なわずに、シクロヘキサンを除去した乳化液(d-9)の製造を行い、その後、シクロヘキサンを除去した乳化液(d-9)を遠心分離する際の遠心加速度を、2,000~3,000Gに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、重合体溶液(a-9)、重合体ラテックス(e-9)およびラテックス組成物(i-9)の製造を行い、同様に評価を行った。なお、遠心分離後の重合体ラテックス(e-9)の固形分濃度は、56重量%であった。そして、得られたラテックス組成物(i-9)を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてディップ成形体の製造を行い、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
同様に、合成ポリイソプレンの重合体溶液に対して水を添加して攪拌を行ったとしても、その後に水相の除去を行わなかった場合には、上記遠心分離を行う際において、固形分が凝固してしまい、重合体ラテックスを得ることができなかった(比較例2)。
また、合成ポリイソプレンの重合体溶液に対して水を添加して攪拌を行った後、水相の除去を行わなかった場合においても、上記遠心分離時の遠心加速度を2,000~3,000Gと低くすることで、重合体ラテックスを得ることができたが、得られた重合体ラテックスは、機械的安定性に劣るものであり、しかも、この重合体ラテックスを用いて得られたディップ成形体は、引張強度に劣るものであった(比較例3)。
Claims (10)
- 合成ゴムを有機溶媒中に溶解してなる重合体溶液に、水を添加し、前記重合体溶液に水を攪拌させることで、水攪拌重合体溶液(A)とする攪拌工程と、
前記水攪拌重合体溶液(A)から、水相を除去することで、水相除去重合体溶液(B)とする水相除去工程と、
前記水相除去重合体溶液(B)を、界面活性剤を含む水溶液と混合して、水中で乳化させることで、乳化液(C)を得る乳化工程と、
前記乳化液(C)中の有機溶媒を除去する溶媒除去工程と、
前記有機溶媒を除去した乳化液(D)を濃縮する濃縮工程と、を備える重合体ラテックスの製造方法。 - 前記攪拌工程における、前記重合体溶液への水の攪拌を、キレート化剤および/または酸化剤を添加した状態にて行う請求項1に記載の重合体ラテックスの製造方法。
- 前記攪拌工程における、前記重合体溶液への水の攪拌を、せん断力を付与しながら行う請求項1または2に記載の重合体ラテックスの製造方法。
- 前記攪拌工程における、水の使用量を、前記重合体溶液100重量部に対して、0.1~100重量部とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の重合体ラテックスの製造方法。
- 前記攪拌工程における、前記重合体溶液への水の攪拌を、温度25~100℃の条件で行う請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の重合体ラテックスの製造方法。
- 前記合成ゴムが、合成ポリイソプレンおよび/またはスチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロック共重合体である請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の重合体ラテックスの製造方法。
- 前記重合体溶液が、有機溶媒に溶解させたイソプレンを含む単量体を、チーグラー系重合触媒の存在下で、溶液重合して得られる前記合成ポリイソプレン、および/または有機溶媒に溶解させたスチレンを含有する単量体とイソプレンを含有する単量体とを、チーグラー系重合触媒の存在下で、溶液重合して得られる前記スチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロック共重合体を、有機溶媒中に溶解してなる重合体溶液である請求項6に記載の重合体ラテックスの製造方法。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の製造方法により得られた重合体ラテックスに、架橋剤を添加する工程を備えるラテックス組成物の製造方法。
- 請求項8に記載の製造方法により得られたラテックス組成物をディップ成形する工程を備えるディップ成形体の製造方法。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の製造方法により得られた重合体ラテックスを用いて形成される接着剤層を、基材表面に形成する工程を備える接着剤層形成基材の製造方法。
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KR20210105883A (ko) * | 2018-12-20 | 2021-08-27 | 니폰 제온 가부시키가이샤 | 라텍스의 제조 방법 및 그 라텍스를 사용한 성형체의 제조 방법 |
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CN108779187A (zh) | 2018-11-09 |
EP3431510A4 (en) | 2019-10-23 |
KR20180124856A (ko) | 2018-11-21 |
JPWO2017159534A1 (ja) | 2019-01-17 |
BR112018067759A2 (pt) | 2019-01-15 |
EP3431510A1 (en) | 2019-01-23 |
US20190031788A1 (en) | 2019-01-31 |
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