WO2017135765A1 - 편광판 - Google Patents
편광판 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017135765A1 WO2017135765A1 PCT/KR2017/001232 KR2017001232W WO2017135765A1 WO 2017135765 A1 WO2017135765 A1 WO 2017135765A1 KR 2017001232 W KR2017001232 W KR 2017001232W WO 2017135765 A1 WO2017135765 A1 WO 2017135765A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polarizing plate
- light
- wavelength
- reflectance
- polarizer
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
Definitions
- This application relates to a polarizing plate.
- LCD Liquid Crystal Display
- LCD Liquid Crystal Display
- a liquid crystal exists between a lower substrate on which a thin film transistor (TFT) is formed and an upper substrate on which a color filter and a black matrix (BM) are formed.
- TFT thin film transistor
- BM black matrix
- the lower substrate is a substrate located closer to the backlight side among the two substrates included in the LCD
- the upper substrate is a substrate existing on the viewing side.
- the reflectance measured at the upper substrate side is generally around 10% at a wavelength of 550 nm.
- LCDs including a structure in which a color filter and a BM exist together with a TFT on a lower substrate rather than an upper substrate, or a BM does not exist and a color filter exist together with a TFT on a lower substrate have been developed.
- Such LCDs do not have BM or the like on the upper substrate side, and thus have excellent luminance characteristics.
- the absence of BM or the like on the upper substrate increases the reflectance of the external light due to reflection by the electrode or the like, which causes a problem of distorting the luminous sensitivity of the display, particularly in the black state.
- This application provides a polarizing plate.
- polarizer may refer to a polarizer, that is, a functional device itself that exhibits a polarization function, such as a poly (vinyl alcohol) -based film, or may mean a device including other elements than the polarizer.
- Other elements included in the polarizing plate together with the polarizer may include a protective film, an optical retardation film, an adhesive layer, an adhesive layer, or a low reflection layer of the polarizer, but are not limited thereto.
- the polarizing plate of this application is a polarizing plate for high reflection panels, ie, a polarizing plate applied to a high reflection panel.
- the term high reflection panel refers to a display panel having a reflectance (based on 550 nm wavelength) of 11% or more, 12% or more, 14% or more, 16% or more, 18% or more, 20% or more, 21% or more or 22% or more. It may mean.
- the reflectance (based on 550 nm wavelength) of the highly reflective liquid crystal panel may be, for example, 30% or less, 28% or less, 26% or less, 24% or less, 22% or less, or 20% or less.
- the high reflection panel may be a transmissive panel.
- the high reflection panel is a panel exhibiting a high reflectance due to a unique structure as described later, and by introducing a reflecting plate or the like separately as a known semi-transmissive liquid crystal panel or a reflective liquid crystal panel, the reflectance is increased. It may not be a panel. Thus, in one example, the high reflection panel may not include a reflector.
- the reflectance may be a viewer-side reflectance.
- the viewer-side reflectance may be a reflectance measured in a direction in which an observer observes the panel while the display panel is used.
- the term upper substrate means a substrate closer to an observer who observes an image displayed by the liquid crystal panel among the two substrates in the structure of the liquid crystal panel including the liquid crystal interposed between the two substrates.
- Such an upper substrate means, for example, a substrate opposite to the backlight side substrate in the transmissive liquid crystal panel, and specifically, a substrate farther from the backlight than the lower substrate among the two substrates, the lower and lower substrates.
- the substrate may mean a substrate closer to the backlight than the upper substrate.
- a general liquid crystal panel includes a liquid crystal interposed between an upper substrate and a lower substrate.
- TFT thin film transistor
- a color filter is present on the upper substrate, and the color filter includes a so-called black matrix (BM).
- BM black matrix
- the reflectance is usually about 10% around (550 nm wavelength reference).
- the high reflection liquid crystal panel has a structure that does not include the BM, a color filter and a BM that do not exist on the upper substrate, and a structure that does not include the BM, compared to the existing structure as described above.
- the filter may have a structure or the like present in the lower substrate.
- the high reflection liquid crystal panel may be a panel in which a color filter and a TFT are disposed together on a lower substrate, in which case the color filter may or may not include the BM.
- the increased reflectance of the high reflection liquid crystal panel may affect the color of the display device, particularly the color of the black state.
- the term dark state refers to a state in which a liquid crystal panel is adjusted to block light from a light source, for example, voltage off in a normally black mode or voltage on in a normally white mode. It can mean a state.
- a larger light leakage may be caused by an increase in the aperture ratio in the dark state, and the light leakage may cause the color in the dark state to be approximately red or yellow. can do.
- the polarizer or the polarizing plate of the present application has the optical characteristics described below, and the optical characteristics can maximize the advantages while solving problems that may occur in the high reflection liquid crystal panel as described above.
- the high reflection liquid crystal panel to which the polarizer of the present application is applied may be a liquid crystal panel that does not include BM or a liquid crystal panel that does not have color filters on the upper substrate and is present with TFTs on the lower substrate.
- the liquid crystal panel that does not include the BM may or may not include a color filter, and in the case of including the color filter, the color filter may be present on the lower substrate rather than the upper substrate.
- the color filter may or may not include BM.
- a liquid crystal panel having such a structure, for example, a liquid crystal panel in which a color filter is present on the lower substrate, is advantageous for implementing various structures such as a curved structure, and may be advantageous in terms of luminance when BM is not present.
- the polarizer may be an upper polarizer of the liquid crystal panel.
- the term “upper” may mean a direction toward an observer who observes the image from the display apparatus when the display apparatus implements an image, and the term “lower” may mean the opposite direction.
- the upper polarizer may also be referred to as a viewer-side polarizer in other terms.
- the term lower polarizer may also be referred to as a back side polarizer or a light source side polarizer.
- the polarizing plate of the present application may satisfy the following Equation 1, or may satisfy the following Equation 2.
- bs means a single color (bs) of the polarizer.
- single color (bs) means b value (b value in condition 2 described later) in the CIE Lab color space.
- R1 (450) is a reflectance of light of 450 nm wavelength of the polarizing plate measured with the polarizer positioned on a reflective surface having a reflectance of about 23% for light of 550 nm wavelength (unit:%).
- R1 (650) is the reflectance (unit:%) for the light of 650 nm wavelength of the said polarizing plate measured with the polarizing plate positioned on the reflective surface whose reflectance with respect to the light of 550 nm wavelength is about 23%. )to be.
- Equation 1 exp is an abbreviation for exponential functoin.
- Equation 2 bs denotes a single color (bs) as in Equation 1 of the polarizing plate.
- R2 (450) is a reflectance of light of 450 nm wavelength of the polarizing plate measured with the polarizer placed on a reflective surface having a reflectance of about 15% for light of 550 nm wavelength (unit:%).
- R2 (650) is the reflectance (unit:%) for the light of 650 nm wavelength of the said polarizing plate measured with the said polarizing plate positioned on the reflective surface whose reflectance with respect to the light of 550 nm wavelength is about 15%. )to be.
- Equation 2 exp is an abbreviation for exponential functoin.
- R1 (450) / R1 (650) or R2 (450) / R2 (650) is the reflectance at 450 nm wavelength representing short wavelength in the visible region and also the 650 nm wavelength representing long wavelength in the visible region. Is the ratio of reflectance at, which may be defined as the Neutrality of Wavelength Dispersion for Reflection.
- the inventors of the present invention can solve the problem of color distortion caused by the reflected light generated in the high reflection panel when the polarization plate in which the neutrality and the single color of the reflectance wavelength dispersion satisfy any one of Equations 1 and 2 is lowered. It was confirmed that the solution.
- the present inventors have described a polarizing plate useful in a highly reflective liquid crystal panel having a reflectance of about 18% to 19% with respect to light having a wavelength of 550 nm as a highly reflective liquid crystal panel, according to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2016-0012170 and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2016-0012172.
- the polarizing plate disclosed in the patent is a liquid crystal panel having a reflectance higher than that of a general liquid crystal panel, but having a reflectance lower than a level of about 18% to 19%, which is set forth in the patent, for example, A liquid crystal panel having a reflectance for light of 550 nm wavelength of less than about 18%, about 17% or less, about 16% or less, about 15% or less, about 14% or less, about 13% or less, or about 12.5% or less.
- the performance of the panel having a reflectance of about 20% or more, about 21% or more, or about 22% or more for light having a wavelength of 550 nm was found to be insignificant.
- the polarizing plate proposed in the present application may exhibit excellent effects even in the high reflection panel as described above.
- the upper limit or the lower limit of the reflectance of each panel is as described above.
- K1 in Equation 1 may be 0.95 or more or 0.97 or more in another example.
- K1 may be 1.05 or less or 1.03 or less in another example.
- K1 may have a value close to 1 or may be 1.
- K2 in Equation 2 may be 0.95 or more or 0.97 or more in another example.
- K2 may be 1.05 or less or 1.03 or less in another example.
- K2 may have a value close to 1 or may be 1.
- the polarizing plate having such a relationship can block or absorb light having a long wavelength, for example, light of red to yellow series, from light from a high reflection panel, for example, a high reflection liquid crystal panel, thereby darkening.
- the visibility characteristic in a state can be improved, and the problem of visibility deterioration by reflected light etc. can be solved.
- the polarizer that satisfies Equation 1 or 2 may have a single transmittance (Ts), that is, a transmittance (Ts) for unpolarized light within a range of about 40% to about 45%.
- the transmittance Ts may be about 44% or less, about 43% or less, about 42% or less, or about 41% or less.
- the polarizer that satisfies Equation 1 or 2 may exhibit a range of coordinates in the Lab color space of the International Commission on Illumination (CIE).
- CIE International Commission on Illumination
- the CIE Lab color space is a color space obtained by nonlinear conversion of the CIE XYZ color space based on the antagonistic theory of human vision.
- L value represents brightness
- L value of 0 represents black
- L value of 100 represents white. If the value of a is negative, the color is biased toward green, and if it is positive, the color is biased toward the red or violet side. If the value of b is negative, the color is biased to blue. If the value of b is positive, the color is biased to yellow.
- the polarizing plate may satisfy any one of the following conditions 1 to 4, which are obtained in the CIE Lab color space.
- Condition 1 -a value of CIE Lab color space is 2 or less:
- the -a value of the polarizing plate may be, for example, about 2 or less, less than 2, 1.8 or less, less than 1.8, 1.6 or less, or less than 1.6.
- the ⁇ a value may be about 0.7 or more, about 0.9 or more, about 1.1 or more, about 1.3 or more, or about 1.4 or more.
- the b value of the polarizing plate is the single color (bs) in Equations 1 and 2, which is about 4 or less, about 3.5 or less, about 3.5, about 3 or less, about 3, about 2.5 or less, or about 2.5. May be less than.
- the b value may be at least about 1.5, at least about 1.5, at least about 2 or at least about 2.5.
- the ratio of the ⁇ a value and the b value may be about 2.5 or less or less than about 2.5.
- the C index may be at least about 1, at least about 1, at least about 1.25, at least about 1.25, at least about 1.5 or at least about 1.5.
- the polarizer or the polarizing plate may have a -bc value of 40 or less in the CIE Lab color space.
- the -bc value is 38 or less, 36 or less, 34 or less, 32 or less, 30 or less, 28 or less, 26 or less, 24 or less, 22 or less, 20 or less, 18 or less, 16 or less, 14 or less or 12 or less. , 10 or less, 8 or less, 6 or less, 4 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, or 0.5 or less.
- the above-bc value may be 0.01 or more, 0.05 or more, 0.1 or more, 0.5 or more, 1 or more, 2 or more, 4 or more, 6 or more, 8 or more, 10 or more, 12 or more, 14 or more, 16 or more, 18 or more, 20 or more, 22 or more, 24 or more, or 26 or more.
- the -bc value may be in a range by a combination of any one of the above upper limits and any one of the lower limits.
- the polarizer has a light absorption axis formed in one direction.
- the -bc value may be a value obtained by multiplying -1 of the b value in the CIE Lab color space measured using linearly polarized light polarized in parallel with the light absorption axis.
- the a and b values under the conditions 1 to 3 may be the a and b values measured for the unpolarized light.
- the bc value can be measured in the same manner, for example, when the b value is measured in a state in which two light polarizers or polarizing plates are perpendicular to each other.
- the polarizer or the polarizing plate may satisfy any one or two or more of the above conditions 1 to 4, or may satisfy all of the above.
- Such a polarizer or a polarizing plate may be applied to a liquid crystal panel, in particular, the above-mentioned high reflection liquid crystal panel, thereby maintaining or maximizing the advantages of the liquid crystal panel while improving its disadvantages, for example, visibility in the dark state.
- the polarizer having the optical characteristics as described above can block or absorb light having a long wavelength, such as red to yellow light, from the light from the liquid crystal panel, thereby darkening the light. It is possible to improve the luminous properties at.
- the polarizer or the polarizing plate may satisfy at least condition 2 in the conditions 1 to 4 weeks, and further satisfy condition 1 and / or 3. In another example, the polarizer or the polarizing plate satisfies at least condition 3, and may further satisfy condition 1 and / or 2. In addition, in another example, the polarizer or the polarizing plate may satisfy all of the above conditions 1 to 3. In another example, the polarizer or the polarizing plate satisfies at least the condition 4, and may further satisfy at least one of the conditions 1 to 3.
- the polarizer or the polarizing plate satisfies at least conditions 2 and 4, further satisfies condition 1 and / or 3, at least satisfies conditions 3 and 4, and further satisfies condition 1 and / or 2.
- the above conditions 1 to 4 may be satisfied.
- Each numerical value in the CIE Lab color space may be measured by applying a general method of measuring each coordinate of the color space.
- a spectrophotometer having a detector in the form of an integrating sphere at a measurement position. ) (ex. CM-2600d, KONICA MINOLTA) can be measured according to the manufacturer's manual.
- each coordinate of the CIE Lab color space may be measured in a state where the polarizer or the polarizer is attached to a liquid crystal panel, for example, the high reflection liquid crystal panel, or may be measured with respect to the polarizer or the polarizer itself. .
- the polarizing plate can satisfy other functions required for the polarizing plate while exhibiting the above-described optical characteristics.
- the polarizing plate may have a minimum transmittance Tc of about 0.01% or less, about 0.009% or less, about 0.006% or less, about 0.005% or less, about 0.004% or less, about 0.001% or less, or about 0.0009% or less.
- the minimum transmittance Tc may be about 0.0001% or more.
- the term minimum transmittance (Tc) is when the transmittance is measured while scanning the overlapping state in which the light absorption axis of each polarizing plate forms an angle ranging from 0 to 360 degrees in the state where two polarizing plates are overlapped. It may mean the minimum transmittance (Tc).
- At least one polarizing plate of the two polarizing plates overlapping the above is the polarizing plate according to the present application, and the other polarizing plate may be the polarizing plate according to the present application, or may be another polarizing plate, for example, a polarizing plate provided in measurement equipment.
- the polarizing plate may have a polarization degree of about 99.9% or more or about 99.99% or more.
- the degree of polarization is a numerical value calculated according to Equation A below.
- Polarization degree (P) (%) ⁇ (Tp-Tc) / (Tp + Tc) ⁇ 1/2 ⁇ 100
- Tp is the maximum transmittance of the polarizer
- Tc is the minimum transmittance described above.
- the maximum transmittance Tp is a maximum value when the transmittance is measured while scanning the overlap state by angle so that the light absorption axis of each polarizing plate forms an angle ranging from 0 degree to 360 degree in the state where two polarizing plates are overlapped. It may be a transmittance at the time point indicating. At least one polarizing plate of the two polarizing plates overlapping the above is the polarizing plate according to the present application, and the other polarizing plate may be the polarizing plate according to the present application, or may be another polarizing plate, for example, a polarizing plate provided in measurement equipment.
- Ts, Tc, Tp are numerical values measured for light of about 550 nm.
- the polarizing plate exhibiting such transmittance and polarization degree may be applied to the liquid crystal panel to exhibit excellent light transmission or blocking function.
- the method of manufacturing such a polarizing plate is not particularly limited.
- the polarizing plate that is, the polarizing plate that basically satisfies Equation 1 or 2, and may optionally exhibit the coordinates in the CIE Lab color space, is manufactured by adjusting the absorption rate of each polarizer included in the polarizing plate. Or it may be manufactured by adjusting other elements included in the polarizing plate together with the polarizer.
- the polarizer included in the polarizing plate or the polarizing plate has a light blocking ratio of light of any wavelength within a range of about 560 nm to about 750 nm, for example, light of a wavelength of about 700 nm. May be in range.
- the polarizing plate or the polarizer may have a light blocking rate with respect to light having a wavelength of about 550 nm in the range of about 1 to 5 or 1.5 to 4.5 or 1.5 to 4, or 1.5 to 3.5 or 1.5 to 3.
- the light of any wavelength within the range of about 560 nm to about 750 nm is any angle within the range of about -5 degrees to 5 degrees with the light absorption axis of the polarizer, any angle within the range of about -3 degrees to 3 degrees.
- the light blocking rate may mean, for example, absorbance.
- the absorbance is calculated by the formula -log (Tc), where Tc may be the minimum transmittance described above.
- the polarizing plate may include, for example, a PVA-based polarizer which is a typical absorption type polarizer.
- the PVA-based polarizer generally includes an anisotropic absorbent material such as a dichroic dye or iodine adsorbed and oriented on the PVA film and the PVA film, in which case the ratio of the light blocking rate is controlled by controlling the ratio or type of the anisotropic absorbent material. Adjustment may be possible.
- the PVA-based polarizer may be prepared by subjecting the PVA-based film to each treatment such as swelling, dyeing, crosslinking and stretching, and washing and drying the process conditions.
- the light blocking rate may be controlled by adjusting or further processing.
- the dyeing process may be performed by immersing the PVA-based film in a treatment tank containing iodine and potassium iodide, in which the concentration of iodine and potassium iodide in the treatment tank is adjusted or adsorbed after dyeing. It is possible to control the light blocking rate by going through a process that can further remove or supplement one or more components of iodo and / or potassium iodide.
- the method of adjusting the light blocking rate is one example of manufacturing the polarizing plate of the present application.
- polarizing plates or polarizers having the above mentioned properties and / or light blocking rates in a manner of controlling the concentration of I 2 , iodide and boric acid compound (borate or borate) in the dyeing and crosslinking processes performed in the manufacturing process of the polarizer It may be possible. That is, the polarizer is usually manufactured by dyeing and crosslinking a poly (vinyl alcohol) film, and performing a swelling process before the dyeing process.
- the concentration of the compound in the aqueous solution affects the color of the polarizer or the polarizing plate.
- the compound species of the iodine compound which may be present in the staining solution and the crosslinking solution is iodide-a I derived from the iodine (I 2) (M + I ) -, I 2, I 3 -, I 5 - And the like.
- I ⁇ has an absorption wavelength range of about 190 nm to 260 nm, color influence is not large
- I 2 has an absorption wavelength range of about 400 nm to 500 nm, and the color is mainly red
- I 3 ⁇ has an absorption wavelength range of about 250 nm to 400 nm, color is mainly yellow
- I 5 ⁇ has an absorption wavelength range of about 500 nm to 900 nm, and color is mainly blue.
- I 3 -, I 5 - affects the color.
- I 3 ⁇ is generated in proportion to the concentration of iodide when iodide is added in an excessive amount relative to iodine.
- the ratio of I 5 ⁇ is proportional to the concentration of the boric acid compound (boric acid or borate). Therefore, I 3 ⁇ can be controlled by the concentration of iodide, and I 5 ⁇ can be controlled by the concentration of the boric acid compound.
- the orange or yellow polarizer or the polarizing plate may be a dye or crosslinking solution having a relatively high concentration of I 2 and / or I 3 ⁇
- the blue polarizer or the polarizing plate may be a concentration of a boric acid compound.
- the relatively high dyeing solution or crosslinking solution may be applied.
- the light blocking rate can also be adjusted, and by adjusting the draw ratio, that is, the orientation of the adsorbed iodine, the above-described characteristics, for example, the bc value, can be adjusted. .
- the dyeing solution and / or crosslinking solution in the above-mentioned dyeing and / or crosslinking process may be selected from iodine (I 2 ) and iodide (KI, etc.) or iodine (I 2 ), iodide (KI, etc.) and a boric acid compound. ex.) in water).
- a polarizer that satisfies the requirements set forth in the present application may be a dye solution in which the weight ratio (iodide / iodine) of iodine and iodide is adjusted in consideration of the concentration of each species within a range of about 1 to 100 or Using a crosslinking solution, or a dyeing solution or a crosslinking solution in which the weight ratio of iodide and iodide (iodide / iodine) is in the range of about 1 to 100 and the concentration of the boric acid compound is adjusted in the range of about 0.1 to 10% by weight It can manufacture by using. If necessary, the polarizing plate or polarizer which satisfy
- the polarizing plate of the present application may include a polarizer including a PVA-based film and an anisotropic absorbent material that is adsorbed and oriented on the PVA-based film.
- the anisotropic absorbent material may be iodine. That is, the polarizer may be an iodine-based PVA polarizer.
- PVA-based film for example, a PVA-based film conventionally used may be used.
- PVA or its derivative is mentioned as a material of such a PVA system film.
- the derivatives of PVA include polyvinyl formal and polyvinyl acetal.
- olefins such as ethylene or propylene
- unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or crotonic acid
- alkyl esters or acrylamides thereof alkyl esters or acrylamides thereof. The denatured by etc. are mentioned.
- the degree of polymerization of PVA is usually about 100 to 10000, about 1000 to 10000, and the degree of saponification is about 80 mol% to 100 mol%, but is not limited thereto.
- Examples of the PVA film may further include hydrophilic polymer films such as ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer-based partially saponified films, polyene-based alignment films such as dehydrated products of PVA, and dehydrochloric acid treated products of polyvinyl chloride.
- hydrophilic polymer films such as ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer-based partially saponified films
- polyene-based alignment films such as dehydrated products of PVA, and dehydrochloric acid treated products of polyvinyl chloride.
- additives such as a plasticizer or surfactant
- a plasticizer or surfactant may be contained in a PVA system film.
- the plasticizer may include polyols and condensates thereof, and examples thereof include glycerin, diglycerine, triglycerine, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and the like.
- the ratio is not particularly limited, and may typically be about 20% by weight or less in the PVA-based film.
- the thickness of the PVA-based film is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected within a range in which each of the above-described optical characteristics can be satisfied.
- the kind of anisotropic absorbent material that may be included in the polarizer is also not particularly limited.
- those which can satisfy the above-described optical properties may be appropriately selected.
- an anisotropic absorbent material iodine can be illustrated.
- the ratio of the anisotropic absorbent material in the polarizing plate is not particularly limited as long as it can satisfy the above-described optical properties, and those skilled in the art can easily set the range through simple experiments or predictions.
- Such a polarizer can be manufactured by performing at least a dyeing process, a crosslinking process, and an extending process to a PVA system film, for example.
- a dyeing step, the crosslinking step and the stretching step respective treatment baths of the dyeing bath, the crosslinking bath and the stretching bath may be used, and the treatment liquids according to the respective steps may be used for these treatment baths.
- an anisotropic absorbent substance such as iodine can be adsorbed and / or oriented to the PVA-based film.
- This dyeing process can be carried out in conjunction with the stretching process.
- Dyeing can generally be carried out by immersing the film in a solution containing an anisotropic absorbent material, for example an iodine solution.
- an iodine solution for example, an iodine solution and an aqueous solution in which iodine ions are contained by an iodide compound as a dissolution aid can be used.
- iodide compound for example, potassium iodide, lithium iodide, sodium iodide, zinc iodide, aluminum iodide, lead iodide, copper iodide, barium iodide, calcium iodide, tin iodide or titanium iodide may be used.
- concentration of iodine and / or iodide ions in the iodine solution can be adjusted so that the light blocking rate at which the above-described optical properties can be satisfied is achieved.
- the process variable may be adjusted to enable the light blocking rate to be achieved by an additional process other than the dyeing process, and in this case, the concentration in the dyeing process may be applied in the usual range.
- the temperature of the iodine solution is typically about 20 ° C. to 50 ° C., 25 ° C. to 40 ° C.
- the immersion time is typically about 10 seconds to 300 seconds or about 20 seconds to 240 seconds, but is not limited thereto.
- the control of light blocking rate may also be possible through the control of the concentration of the iodine solution and / or the immersion time therefor.
- the crosslinking process performed in the manufacturing process of the polarizer may be performed using a crosslinking agent such as, for example, a boron compound.
- a crosslinking agent such as, for example, a boron compound.
- the order of this crosslinking process is not particularly limited, and may be performed together with the dyeing and / or stretching process, or proceed separately, for example.
- a crosslinking process can also be performed in multiple times.
- the boron compound boric acid or borax may be used.
- the boron compound can be generally used in the form of an aqueous solution or a mixed solution of water and an organic solvent, and an aqueous boric acid solution is usually used.
- the boric acid concentration in the aqueous boric acid solution may be selected in an appropriate range in consideration of crosslinking degree and heat resistance thereof.
- An aqueous solution of boric acid can also contain an iodide compound such as potassium iodide, and the above-described light blocking rate can also
- the crosslinking process may be performed by immersing the PVA-based film in an aqueous solution of boric acid.
- the treatment temperature is typically in the range of 25 ° C. or higher, 30 ° C. to 85 ° C. or 30 ° C. to 60 ° C.
- the treatment time is typically 5 seconds to 800 seconds or 8 seconds to 500 seconds, but is not limited thereto. It is not.
- An extending process is generally performed by uniaxial stretching. Such stretching may be carried out together with the dyeing and / or crosslinking process.
- the stretching method is not particularly limited and, for example, a wet stretching method may be applied. In this wet stretching method, for example, stretching after dyeing is generally performed, but the stretching may be performed with crosslinking, and may be performed in multiple or multiple stages.
- the treatment liquid applied to the wet stretching method may contain an iodide compound such as potassium iodide, and the light blocking rate may also be controlled by adjusting the ratio in this process.
- the treatment temperature is usually in the range of 25 ° C. or higher, 30 ° C. to 85 ° C. or 50 ° C. to 70 ° C.
- the treatment time is usually 10 seconds to 800 seconds or 30 seconds to 500 seconds, but is not limited thereto. .
- the total draw ratio may be adjusted in consideration of the orientation characteristics, etc., and may be 3 to 10 times, 4 to 8 times, or 5 to 7 times the total draw ratio based on the original length of the PVA-based film.
- the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the total draw ratio may mean a cumulative draw ratio including stretching in each step when stretching is performed even in a swelling step other than the stretching step. This total draw ratio may be adjusted in consideration of orientation, processability or drawability.
- a swelling process may be performed before the process.
- swelling the contamination of the surface of the PVA-based film and the antiblocking agent can be washed, and there is also an effect of reducing nonuniformity such as dyeing variation.
- the main component of the treatment liquid is water, and if necessary, a small amount of additives such as iodide compounds such as potassium iodide or a surfactant, a small amount of alcohol, and the like may be contained. In this process, it is possible to adjust the above-described light blocking rate by adjusting the process variable.
- the treatment temperature in the swelling process is usually about 20 ° C. to 45 ° C. or 20 ° C. to 40 ° C., but is not limited thereto. Since swelling variations can cause staining variations, the process parameters can be adjusted so that the occurrence of such swelling variations is suppressed as much as possible.
- Proper stretching may also be carried out in the swelling process.
- the draw ratio may be about 6.5 times or less, 1.2 to 6.5 times, 2 to 4 times or about 2 to 3 times the original length of the PVA-based film. Stretching in the swelling process can control the stretching in the stretching step performed after the swelling step to be small, and can control so that the stretching fracture of the film does not occur.
- Metal ion treatment may be performed in the manufacturing process of the polarizer.
- Such a process is performed by immersing a PVA system film in the aqueous solution containing a metal salt, for example. This allows metal ions to be contained in the crown.
- the color tone of the PVA-based polarizer can also be adjusted by adjusting the type or proportion of metal ions.
- metal ions that can be applied metal ions of transition metals such as cobalt, nickel, zinc, chromium, aluminum, copper, manganese or iron may be exemplified, and color adjustment may be possible by selecting an appropriate kind of them. have.
- the cleaning process may proceed after dyeing, crosslinking and stretching.
- This washing process can be performed with a solution of iodine compounds such as potassium iodide.
- the above-described light blocking rate may also be controlled through the concentration of the iodide compound in the solution or the treatment time of the cleaning process. Therefore, the concentration of the iodide compound and the treatment time into the solution may be adjusted in consideration of the light blocking rate.
- the washing process may be performed using water.
- washing with water and washing with iodine compound solution may be combined, and a solution containing a liquid alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol or propanol may also be used.
- a liquid alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol or propanol
- a drying process may be performed to manufacture a polarizer.
- a drying process for example, in consideration of the required moisture content and the like can be carried out at an appropriate temperature for a suitable time, such conditions are not particularly limited.
- a desired polarizing plate may be obtained through adjustment of process variables in the above processes.
- the contents are mainly described through a polarizing plate including a PVA-based polarizer, but the applicable polarizing plate is not limited to the polarizing plate, and other known polarizing plates are also described above by adjusting light blocking rates by a known method. Characteristics can be satisfied.
- a protective film, an adhesive layer, an adhesive layer, a retardation film, or a low reflection layer of the polarizing plate may be exemplified.
- the properties of the overall polarizing plate can be adjusted through adjustment of the other elements, thereby improving the suitability for use in the present application.
- the required level of physical properties can be adjusted. have.
- a film of a known material may be used.
- a thermoplastic resin having excellent transparency, mechanical strength, thermal stability, moisture barrier property, or isotropy can be used.
- resins include cellulose resins such as TAC (triacetyl cellulose), polyester resins, polyether sulfone resins, polysulfone resins, polycarbonate resins, polyamide resins, polyimide resins, polyolefin resins, (meth) acrylic resins, Cyclic polyolefin resin, such as norbornene resin, polyarylate resin, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, a mixture of the above, etc.
- the protective film may be present on one side or both sides of the polarizing plate, and when present on both sides, each protective film may be the same or different.
- the cured resin layer which hardened heat or photocurable resin such as (meth) acrylic-type, urethane type, acrylurethane type, epoxy type, or silicone type, can also be applied as said protective film.
- the thickness of the protective film can be appropriately adjusted, and usually within the range of 1 to 500 ⁇ m, 1 to 300 ⁇ m, 5 to 200 ⁇ m or 5 to 150 ⁇ m in view of workability such as strength or handleability, thinning or the like. Can be.
- the retardation film a general material may be applied.
- a biaxially or biaxially stretched birefringent polymer film or an alignment film of a liquid crystal polymer may be applied.
- the thickness of the retardation film is also not particularly limited.
- the above-described protective film or retardation film may be attached to a polarizer or the like by an adhesive or the like, and such protective film may be subjected to easy adhesion treatment such as corona treatment, plasma treatment, primer treatment or saponification treatment.
- a hard coat layer, a low reflection layer, an antireflection layer, an anti-sticking layer, a diffusion layer, or a haze layer may be present on a surface opposite to the surface attached to the polarizer of the protective film. It may also be possible to control the properties of the polarizing plate through the control of the properties of the layer.
- the polarizing plate may include various elements such as a reflecting plate or a semi-transmissive plate, and the kind thereof is not particularly limited.
- An adhesive may be used for adhesion of a protective film or the like.
- an isocyanate based adhesive a polyvinyl alcohol based adhesive, a gelatin based adhesive, a vinyl latex based or an aqueous polyester, etc. may be exemplified, but is not limited thereto.
- a water-based adhesive may be generally used, but a solvent-free photocurable adhesive may be used depending on the type of the film to be attached.
- the polarizing plate may contain an adhesive layer for adhesion with other members such as a liquid crystal panel.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive for forming the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not particularly limited, and for example, an acrylic polymer, a silicone polymer, a polyester, a polyurethane, a polyamide, a polyether, or a polymer such as fluorine or rubber may be appropriately selected and used. have. Attachment formation of the adhesive layer with respect to the single side
- the exposed surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer may be covered with a release film temporarily attached for the purpose of preventing contamination thereof until it is practically provided.
- Ultraviolet absorbing ability may be provided to the polarizer, the protective film, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and the like contained in the polarizing plate. Such ultraviolet absorbing ability can be implemented, for example, by including an ultraviolet absorber in an appropriate ratio in each element.
- an ultraviolet absorber a salicylic acid ester compound, a benzophenol compound, a benzotriazole compound, a cyanoacrylate compound, or a nickel complex salt compound may be used, but is not limited thereto.
- the present application also relates to a display device.
- the display device may include at least the polarizing plate.
- the display device may include a liquid crystal panel and the polarizer disposed on one side of the liquid crystal panel.
- the polarizing plate may be included as an upper polarizing plate, that is, a viewer-side polarizing plate.
- the liquid crystal panel may include an upper substrate and a lower substrate, and may include a liquid crystal layer between the upper substrate and the lower substrate.
- the liquid crystal panel may be a high reflection liquid crystal panel described above, for example, a liquid crystal panel not including BM.
- the liquid crystal panel may be a liquid crystal panel in which both the TFT and the color filter exist on the lower substrate side.
- the polarizing plate may improve the disadvantages, for example, reflection visibility characteristics in a dark state while maintaining or maximizing the advantages of the liquid crystal panel.
- the liquid crystal panel may be a transmissive liquid crystal panel, for example, a liquid crystal panel that does not include a reflecting plate.
- the display device may include an additional polarizer (hereinafter, referred to as a second polarizer).
- the polarizing plate of the present application (hereinafter, referred to as a first polarizing plate) is disposed on the upper side, that is, the viewing side, of the liquid crystal panel, and the second polarizing plate is disposed on the lower side, that is, the back side or the light source side.
- the second polarizing plate may be adjusted so that the light blocking rate (light absorption or light reflectance) at any wavelength within the range of 380 nm to 520 nm is about 4 to 6.
- the light blocking rate in the above may be, for example, the same concept as the absorbance described above.
- the method of adjusting the light blocking rate of the second polarizing plate as described above is not particularly limited, and a known method may be applied.
- a known method may be applied.
- the specific structure of the high reflection liquid crystal panel is not particularly limited.
- the liquid crystal panel may have the same structure as a known liquid crystal panel except that the BM is not included.
- the color filter may be present on any of the upper and lower substrates, May be present on the lower substrate side.
- the type of liquid crystal layer included in the liquid crystal panel is not particularly limited, and for example, all of the liquid crystal layers of known modes such as VA, IPS, TN, or STN may be applied.
- a display device including a high reflection panel a polarizing plate that can solve the disadvantages while maintaining the advantages of the device can be provided.
- a display device including the polarizing plate and the high reflection panel may also be provided.
- transmittance, polarization degree, CIE color coordinate, etc. were measured for the polarizing plate itself according to the manufacturer's manual using a JASCO V-7100 Spectrophotometer.
- the transmittance and polarization degree were measured for light having a wavelength of 550 nm
- the transmittance and polarization degree were measured for light having a wavelength of 550 nm
- bs in the following table are the values of a and b of the CIE Lab color space measured for one polarizing plate
- ac and bc are It is the value of a and b of the CIE Lab color space which measured two polarizing plates overlapping each other so that the light absorption axis might be perpendicular to each other.
- R1 (450), R2 (450), R1 (650), and R2 (650) are used for liquid crystal panels (R1 (450), R1 (650) having a polarization plate having a reflectance of about 23% for light having a wavelength of 550 nm.
- spectrophotometer CM-2600d, Konica Minolta was placed and measured according to the manufacturer's manual.
- the polarizer sample was prepared by performing the following swelling, dyeing, crosslinking, stretching, and washing processes on a PVA film having an average degree of polymerization of about 2400 and a thickness of about 60 ⁇ m as a raw film.
- Process variables in the process for example, the concentration of iodine or iodine ions in the treatment liquid or the treatment time into the treatment liquid were adjusted to implement the characteristics as shown in Tables 1 to 4 for each sample.
- Swelling was performed by immersing the PVA film in a swelling bath for an appropriate time using pure water as a treatment liquid.
- the dyeing process was carried out by immersing the PVA film at an appropriate temperature in a dyeing solution in which the concentrations of iodine and potassium iodide were adjusted at an appropriate temperature, in which the PVA film was stretched to an appropriate range.
- the crosslinking process was performed by immersing the PVA film in an aqueous solution containing boric acid and potassium iodide in an appropriate ratio as a treatment solution of the crosslinking bath and stretching the film to a predetermined range.
- the stretching process is also a treatment solution of the stretching bath. It was carried out in a treatment liquid containing potassium at a predetermined concentration.
- the sample was manufactured through the washing process and drying process using the aqueous solution containing potassium iodide in a predetermined ratio.
- the characteristics of each sample are as follows.
- the physical properties of the polarizing plate (the numerical value of the CIE Lab color coordinates, etc.) may be controlled by adjusting the concentration and the stretching ratio of iodine or iodine ions in the treatment liquid.
- CIE-single CIE-crossed -a b C index a b Sample 5 0.55 0.53 0.96 15.22 -27.4 Sample 6 1.52 2.26 1.49 3.31 -6.43 Sample 7 1.57 2.46 1.57 1.87 -3.91 Sample 8 1.78 3.44 1.93 0.29 -0.64
- CIE-single Color space coordinates measured for one polarizer
- CIE-crossed Color space coordinates measured for two polarizers with 90 degrees of light absorption axis crossing each other
- both the color filter and the TFT are present on the lower substrate, and the polarizing plates of the respective samples are attached onto the upper substrate of the liquid crystal panel having a reflectance for light of 550 nm wavelength on the upper substrate side of about 12% or more, Visual inspection in the cancerous state was visually evaluated. As a result of evaluation, when the polarizing plate of each sample was affixed, the screen was recognized in black in the dark state, and the visibility in the dark state was excellent.
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Abstract
Description
bs | R1(450)(%) | R1(650)(%) | K1 | Ts(%) | Tc(%) | P(%) | |
샘플1 | 0.55 | 8.56 | 9.13 | 0.99 | 41.95 | 0.0085 | 99.9751 |
샘플2 | 1.95 | 8.23 | 9.32 | 0.98 | 42.41 | 0.0017 | 99.9832 |
샘플3 | 2.45 | 8.13 | 9.15 | 1.01 | 42.35 | 0.002 | 99.9903 |
샘플4 | 2.49 | 8.16 | 9.2 | 0.91 | 42.33 | 0.0027 | 99.991 |
K1: 수식 1에 의해 계산되는 값(소수점 셋째 자리에서 반올림)Ts: 단체 투과율(550 nm 파장 기준)Tc: 최소 투과율(550 nm 파장 기준)P: 편광도(550 nm 파장 기준) |
CIE-single | CIE-crossed | ||||
-a | b | C index | a | b | |
샘플1 | 0.57 | 0.55 | 0.96 | 15.1 | -27.6 |
샘플2 | 1.31 | 1.95 | 1.61 | 4.78 | -10.7 |
샘플3 | 1.56 | 2.45 | 1.44 | 2.78 | -6.22 |
샘플4 | 1.53 | 2.49 | 1.63 | 2.5 | -5.5 |
CIE-single: 1장의 편광판에 대하여 측정한 색공간 좌표CIE-crossed: 2장의 편광판을 서로 광흡수축을 90도로 크로스한 상태에서 측정한 색공간 좌표 |
bs | R2(450)(%) | R2(650)(%) | K2 | Ts(%) | Tc(%) | P(%) | |
샘플5 | 0.53 | 5.54 | 5.51 | 1.01 | 41.95 | 0.0085 | 99.9751 |
샘플6 | 2.26 | 5.49 | 5.63 | 1.01 | 42.09 | 0.0027 | 99.9919 |
샘플7 | 2.46 | 5.48 | 5.71 | 1 | 42.04 | 0.0017 | 99.9949 |
샘플8 | 3.44 | 5.11 | 5.75 | 1 | 42.08 | 0.0017 | 99.9979 |
K2: 수식 2에 의해 계산되는 값(소수점 셋째 자리에서 반올림)Ts: 단체 투과율(550 nm 파장 기준)Tc: 최소 투과율(550 nm 파장 기준)P: 편광도(550 nm 파장 기준) |
CIE-single | CIE-crossed | ||||
-a | b | C index | a | b | |
샘플5 | 0.55 | 0.53 | 0.96 | 15.22 | -27.4 |
샘플6 | 1.52 | 2.26 | 1.49 | 3.31 | -6.43 |
샘플7 | 1.57 | 2.46 | 1.57 | 1.87 | -3.91 |
샘플8 | 1.78 | 3.44 | 1.93 | 0.29 | -0.64 |
CIE-single: 1장의 편광판에 대하여 측정한 색공간 좌표CIE-crossed: 2장의 편광판을 서로 광흡수축을 90도로 크로스한 상태에서 측정한 색공간 좌표 |
Claims (18)
- 550 nm 파장의 광에 대한 반사율이 12% 이상인 디스플레이 패널에 적용되는 편광판이고, 하기 수식 1에 의해 계산되는 K1값이 0.9 내지 1.1의 범위 내인 편광판:[수식 1]K1 = R1(450)/R1(650) + 0.044×exp(0.43×bs)수식 1에서 bs는 상기 편광판의 단체 색상이고, R1(450)은, 상기 편광판을 550 nm 파장의 광에 대한 반사율이 23%인 반사성 표면상에 위치시킨 상태로 측정한 상기 편광판의 450 nm 파장의 광에 대한 반사율(단위: %)이며, R1(650)은, 상기 편광판을 550 nm 파장의 광에 대한 반사율이 23%인 반사성 표면상에 위치시킨 상태로 측정한 상기 편광판의 650 nm 파장의 광에 대한 반사율(단위: %)이다.
- 550 nm 파장의 광에 대한 반사율이 12% 이상인 디스플레이 패널에 적용되는 편광판이고, 하기 수식 2에 의해 계산되는 K2값이 0.9 내지 1.1의 범위 내인 편광판:[수식 2]K2 = R2(450)/R2(650) + 0.0026×exp(1.09×bs)수식 2에서 bs는 상기 편광판의 단체 색상이고, R2(450)은, 상기 편광판을 550 nm 파장의 광에 대한 반사율이 15%인 반사성 표면상에 위치시킨 상태로 측정한 상기 편광판의 450 nm 파장의 광에 대한 반사율(단위: %)이며, R2(650)은, 상기 편광판을 550 nm 파장의 광에 대한 반사율이 15%인 반사성 표면상에 위치시킨 상태로 측정한 상기 편광판의 650 nm 파장의 광에 대한 반사율(단위: %)이다.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, 단체 투과율(Ts)이 40% 내지 45%의 범위 내에 있는 편광판.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, 하기 조건 1 내지 4 중에서 적어도 하나의 조건을 추가로 만족하는 편광판:조건 1: CIE Lab 색공간의 -a값이 2 이하:조건 2: CIE Lab 색공간의 b값이 4 이하:조건 3: CIE Lab 색공간의 -a값과 b값의 비율(-b/a)이 2.5 이하:조건 4: CIE Lab 색공간에서의 -bc값이 0.05 내지 40.
- 제 4 항에 있어서, 조건 1 내지 3 중 2개 이상의 조건을 만족하는 편광판.
- 제 4 항에 있어서, 조건 2를 만족하고, 추가로 조건 1 또는 3을 만족하는 편광판.
- 제 4 항에 있어서, 조건 3을 만족하고, 추가로 조건 1 또는 2를 만족하는 편광판.
- 제 4 항에 있어서, 조건 1 내지 3을 모두 만족하는 편광판.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, 550 nm 파장의 광에 대한 반사율이 12% 이상인 액정 패널의 시인측에 적용되는 편광판.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, 일방향으로 형성된 광 흡수축을 가지고, 상기 광흡수축과 -5도 내지 5도의 범위 내의 각도를 이루는 선편광된 광에 대한 투과율(Tc)이 0.01% 이하인 편광판.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, 편광도가 99.9% 이상인 편광판.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, 560 nm 내지 약 750 nm 범위 내의 어느 한 파장의 광에 대한 광차단율이 5.1 내지 6.0의 범위 내에 있는 편광판.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, PVA계 필름과 상기 PVA계 필름상에 흡착 배향되어 있는 이방 흡수성 물질을 포함하는 편광자를 가지는 편광판.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, 편광자 보호 필름, 점착제층, 접착제층, 위상차 필름 또는 저반사층을 추가로 포함하는 편광판.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항의 편광판을 포함하는 디스플레이 장치.
- 제 15 항에 있어서, 550 nm 파장의 광에 대한 반사율이 12% 이상인 액정 패널을 추가로 포함하고, 편광판이 상기 액정 패널의 시인측에 배치되어 있는 디스플레이 장치.
- 제 16 항에 있어서, 액정 패널의 배면측에 배치된 제 2 편광판을 추가로 포함하는 디스플레이 장치.
- 제 17 항에 있어서, 제 2 편광판은, 380 nm 내지 520 nm의 범위 내의 어느 한 파장에서의 광차단율이 4 내지 6의 범위 내인 디스플레이 장치.
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EP17747810.4A EP3413103A4 (en) | 2016-02-03 | 2017-02-03 | POLARIZATION PLATE |
US16/071,704 US10649271B2 (en) | 2016-02-03 | 2017-02-03 | Polarizing plate |
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