WO2017124689A1 - 用于数据中心机柜的冷却装置、机柜和冷却*** - Google Patents

用于数据中心机柜的冷却装置、机柜和冷却*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017124689A1
WO2017124689A1 PCT/CN2016/086218 CN2016086218W WO2017124689A1 WO 2017124689 A1 WO2017124689 A1 WO 2017124689A1 CN 2016086218 W CN2016086218 W CN 2016086218W WO 2017124689 A1 WO2017124689 A1 WO 2017124689A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cabinet
liquid supply
cooling device
refrigerant
cooler
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PCT/CN2016/086218
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李彪
黄民民
顾鹏
韩红飞
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北京百度网讯科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2017124689A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017124689A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
    • H05K7/208—Liquid cooling with phase change

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of computer technology, and in particular to the field of computer data centers, and more particularly to a cooling device, a cabinet and a cooling system for a data center cabinet.
  • the data center cabinet is cooled by a row-level air conditioning system, an overhead cooling unit, and a water-cooled backplane.
  • the water-cooled radiator is closer to the heat source, and there is a problem that water entering the equipment room and being closer to the charged equipment brings a great safety hazard.
  • the purpose of the present application is to propose an improved cooling device, cabinet and cooling system for a data center cabinet to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background section above.
  • the present application provides a cooling device for a data center cabinet, comprising: an end heat dissipation coil disposed on an air outlet side of the cabinet for inputting liquid refrigerant from the bottom and outputting a gaseous refrigerant from the top a cooler disposed above the end heat sink coil preset a height for cooling the refluxed gaseous refrigerant to a liquid refrigerant and outputting a liquid refrigerant; a supply pipe for communicating a plurality of the end heat dissipation coils with the cooler to the end heat dissipation coil An liquid refrigerant is input; an exhaust pipe for communicating a plurality of the end heat dissipation coils with the cooler to return the gaseous refrigerant to the cooler.
  • the cooler includes a heat sink and/or a heat exchanger.
  • the apparatus when the cooler includes a heat sink, the apparatus further includes: a fan for the heat sink for forming an air flow to accelerate air circulation of the surface of the heat sink; and/or a shower assembly, The heat sink is sprayed to cool the refrigerant to a liquid state.
  • the liquid supply pipe when the cooler includes a radiator and a heat exchanger, includes: a liquid supply branch pipe for respectively connecting the heat sink and the heat exchanger, each of the An electric valve for supplying liquid is disposed on the liquid supply branch pipe; and the exhaust pipe includes: an exhaust pipe branch for respectively connecting the heat sink and the heat exchanger, and each of the exhaust pipe branches is provided with Electric valve for exhaust.
  • the cooling device further includes: a temperature detecting component for detecting an ambient temperature at which the cooler is located; and a control component configured to control each of the ambient temperature when the ambient temperature is lower than a preset temperature
  • An electric valve on the liquid supply branch pipe and an electric valve on each of the exhaust manifold pipes are connected to communicate the liquid supply pipe and the exhaust pipe with the radiator, wherein the preset temperature is based on the refrigerant Determining a condensation temperature; and controlling an electric valve on each of the liquid supply manifolds and an electric valve on each of the exhaust manifolds to communicate the liquid supply tube and the said when the ambient temperature is higher than the predetermined temperature An exhaust pipe and the heat exchanger.
  • a portion of the supply conduit and/or a portion of the exhaust conduit is integrated on a frame of the cabinet.
  • another portion of the supply conduit and/or another portion of the exhaust conduit is preset in a machine room in which the cabinet is located.
  • the liquid supply tube when a portion of the liquid supply tube is integrated on a frame of the cabinet, and another portion of the liquid supply tube is preset in a machine room in which the cabinet is located, the liquid supply tube The other portion at least reserves an interface with a portion of the liquid supply pipe, wherein the position of the interface is determined based on a predetermined arrangement position of the cabinet and a position of the liquid supply pipe integrated on the frame; a part of the exhaust pipe integrated into the frame of the cabinet And another portion of the exhaust pipe is at least reserved for an interface with a portion of the exhaust pipe, wherein the interface is at least another portion of the exhaust pipe in a machine room in which the cabinet is located The position is determined based on the arrangement position of the preset cabinets and the position of the exhaust pipe integrated on the frame.
  • the interface in the supply tube is connected by a quick connector; and the interface in the exhaust tube is connected by a quick connector.
  • the end heat sink coil is integrated on an air outlet side of a heat dissipation fan of the cabinet.
  • the refrigerant is a fluorine-containing refrigerant; and/or the cold fluid in the heat exchanger for cooling the refrigerant is water.
  • the arrangement of the end heat dissipation coils is based on an arrangement of heat dissipation sources in the cabinet row in the cabinet or in the cabinet array, heat dissipation power, and cooling power of the end heat dissipation coils. determine.
  • the present application provides a cabinet comprising: an end heat sink coil as described above.
  • the cabinet when a portion of the liquid supply pipe and/or a portion of the exhaust pipe is integrated on a frame of the cabinet, the cabinet further includes: a portion of the liquid supply pipe and/or a portion of the exhaust pipe.
  • the present application provides a cooling system comprising: a cabinet body and a cooling device as described above.
  • the cooling device, the cabinet, and the cooling system for the data center cabinet provided by the present application cool the hot air discharged from the cabinet through the end heat dissipation coil disposed on the air outlet side of the cabinet, and is disposed at a preset height higher than the end heat dissipation coil.
  • the cooler at the end cools the gaseous refrigerant returning from the end heat sink coil to a liquid refrigerant and outputs the liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant is supplied to the end heat radiating coil through the liquid supply pipe, and the gas refrigerant is returned through the exhaust pipe.
  • a portion of the supply tube and a portion of the exhaust tube It may be integrated into the frame of the cabinet, alternatively or additionally, another portion of the supply tube and another portion of the exhaust tube are preset in the machine room in which the cabinet is located, so that the cooling device can be quickly installed in place.
  • the interface in the supply line and the interface in the exhaust pipe are connected by a quick joint to facilitate maintenance and operation of the cooling device.
  • FIG. 1 is an exemplary structural view of a cooling device of a data center cabinet according to the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of an embodiment of an end heat dissipation coil disposed on an air outlet side of a heat dissipation source of a cabinet according to the present application;
  • FIG 3 is a front elevational view of one embodiment of an end heat sink coil disposed on an air outlet side of a heat sink of a cabinet in accordance with the present application.
  • the cooling device of the data center cabinet may include, but is not limited to, an end heat sink coil 110, a cooler 120, a liquid supply pipe 130, and an exhaust pipe 140.
  • the end heat dissipation coil 110 is disposed on the air outlet side of the cabinet 150 for use from the bottom.
  • a liquid refrigerant is input to output a gaseous refrigerant from the top.
  • the end heat dissipation coil 110 is a coiled pipe unit having good heat conduction performance, and the pipe wall of the pipe acts as a heat conduction medium, so that heat in the air outside the pipe can be transmitted to the refrigerant in the pipe, thereby cooling the pipe.
  • the hot air and gasification of the refrigerant inside the pipe is a coiled pipe unit having good heat conduction performance, and the pipe wall of the pipe acts as a heat conduction medium, so that heat in the air outside the pipe can be transmitted to the refrigerant in the pipe, thereby cooling the pipe.
  • the hot air and gasification of the refrigerant inside the pipe is a coiled pipe unit having good heat conduction performance
  • the arrangement of the end heat dissipation coils 110 may be determined based on the arrangement of the heat dissipation sources in the cabinets or the cabinet columns formed by the cabinets, the heat dissipation power, and the cooling power of the end heat dissipation coils. For example, when the cooling capacity of the end heat sink coil is large enough to meet the heat dissipation power of all the heat sinks in one cabinet or multiple cabinets, one end heat sink coil can be provided for one cabinet or multiple cabinets; When the cooling power is small and the heat dissipation power of each heat source in the cabinet is high, the heat dissipation source (such as a server) in the cabinet can also be provided with the end heat dissipation coil.
  • Figures 2 and 3 respectively show side and front views of one embodiment of an end heat sink coil disposed on the air outlet side of a heat sink in a cabinet in accordance with the present application.
  • the end heat dissipation coil 110 is disposed on the air outlet side of the heat dissipation fan of the four-layer heat source (such as a server) except the top switch and the middle cabinet power module.
  • the cooling fan 151 Through the operation of the cooling fan 151, the heat generated by the heat source in the cabinet 150 is sent to the end heat dissipation coil 110 in the air flow direction indicated by the dotted arrow to be cooled, so that the cooled air again participates in the circulation of the indoor cooling air.
  • the A-A cross section is provided on the integrated surface of the heat dissipation fan 151 of the first layer from the top to the end and the end heat dissipation coil 110 of the air outlet side.
  • FIG. 3 shows an AA cross-sectional view of the integrated surface of the heat dissipation fan 151 of the first layer from the top to the end and the end heat dissipation coil 110 of the air outlet side, showing the first layer end heat dissipation coil 110.
  • the first first layer of the cooling fan 151, and the second to fourth layer end heat dissipating coils 110 respectively disposed on the air outlet side of the second to fourth layer cooling fans 151 of the cabinet 150, thereby dissipating heat
  • the operation of the fan 151 transfers the heat generated by the heat source in the cabinet 150 to the end heat dissipation coil for cooling, so that the cooled air participates in the circulation of the indoor cooling air.
  • the arrangement of the end heat dissipating coils in the figure may also provide an end heat dissipating coil for a plurality of horizontally or vertically disposed cooling fans; the number of end heat dissipating coils may be reduced to one or more rows (or a single row) Or multiple rows of cooling fans to set the number of end cooling coils; the location of the heat source in the cabinet can be set according to user requirements; and the components included in the cabinet can also be set according to the needs of the user.
  • connection between the above-mentioned end heat dissipating coils 110 and the liquid supply pipe 130 and the exhaust pipe 140 may be various connection modes in the existing or future development technologies, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the coupling between the end heat sink coil 110 and the supply tube 130 and the exhaust tube 140 may be both active couplings for ease of insertion and removal.
  • the liquid supply pipe and the exhaust pipe may respectively include a sub-pipe corresponding to the heat dissipation coil: a single end
  • the input pipes of the heat dissipation coils are respectively connected to one sub-line 131 of the liquid supply pipe, and the output pipes of the single end heat dissipating coils are respectively connected to one sub-line 141 of the exhaust pipe.
  • the cooling device may also include only a single end heat dissipation coil having sufficient power, and is used for communication at this time.
  • the liquid supply pipe and the exhaust pipe of the cooler are directly connected to the single end heat dissipation coil.
  • the above-mentioned end heat dissipation coil 110 disposed on the air outlet side of the cabinet can improve the fitting degree with the cabinet and improve the heat dissipation effect of the cabinet.
  • the end heat dissipation coil can also be integrated into the air outlet side of the cooling fan of the cabinet, so that the structure between the end heat dissipation coil and the cabinet is more compact and closer to the heat source, thereby improving cooling efficiency.
  • the refrigerant circulating in the end heat-dissipating coil 110 which is also referred to as a refrigerant, is a working substance that continuously circulates in the cooling device and undergoes its own state change to achieve refrigeration, and is absorbed in the end heat-dissipating coil 110.
  • the heat of the cooling medium hot air is vaporized, and the heat is transferred to the surrounding air or water in the cooler 120 to be condensed.
  • the refrigerant may be a refrigerant having a normal temperature and a normal pressure in a gaseous state and no risk of water immersion.
  • the refrigerant may be a fluorine-containing refrigerant difluorochloromethane R22; 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane R134a; and a mixed refrigerant R410a or the like.
  • the cooler 120 in the above cooling device is used for cooling gaseous refrigeration.
  • the cooling device of the agent may be any one of the prior art or the technology developed in the future.
  • the cooler 120 may transfer the heat generated by the machine or other instruments during the work in time to avoid affecting its normal operation.
  • the heat sink 121 alternatively or additionally, the cooler 120 may also be a heat exchanger 122 or the like for transferring heat of a part of the hot fluid to the cold fluid, which is not limited in this application.
  • the number of chillers and cooling power can be determined based on the number of cabinets that need to be cooled and the amount of heat dissipated. Illustratively, as shown in FIG.
  • the ambient temperature sometimes has a lower temperature and can be directly used to cool the refrigerant, and sometimes the higher temperature cannot be directly used to cool the refrigerant, and the cooler can simultaneously include a heat sink. (such as outdoor radiators) and heat exchangers (such as fluorine-water heat exchangers).
  • the ambient temperature is always low and can be used directly to cool the refrigerant, in which case only the heat sink can be used as the cooler.
  • the ambient temperature is always high and the radiator cannot be used to cool the refrigerant, in which case only the heat exchanger can be used as the cooler.
  • the cooler 120 is configured to cool the refluxing gaseous refrigerant to a liquid refrigerant and output a liquid refrigerant, which may be disposed at a position higher than a preset height of the end heat sink coil to ensure the cooler and the end heat sink
  • the tube can maintain a certain height difference, so that the refrigerant circulates according to the gravity heat pipe principle, and no additional driving force is required, thereby greatly reducing the energy consumption of the refrigerant cycle.
  • the cooling device may further include: a fan for the heat sink for forming an air flow to accelerate air circulation of the heat sink surface; alternatively or additionally, A spray assembly can be included for spraying the heat sink to cool the refrigerant to a liquid state.
  • the cold fluid in the heat exchanger for cooling the refrigerant can be water.
  • the liquid supply pipe 130 is configured to connect a plurality of end heat dissipation coils and a cooler to input liquid refrigerant to the end heat dissipation coil.
  • the input port of the liquid supply pipe 130 is used for connecting the output port of the cooler 120, and the output port of the liquid supply pipe 130 is used for connecting the input port of the end heat-dissipating coil, thereby conveying the liquid refrigerant cooled by the cooler 120 to the end heat-dissipating disk. tube.
  • a part of the above liquid supply pipe may be integrated into the frame of the cabinet for work Modular production of the plant; alternatively or additionally, another part of the above-mentioned liquid supply pipe is preset in the machine room where the cabinet is located, so as to be installed in advance before the cabinet enters the field, shortening the delivery time.
  • another part of the liquid supply pipe is reserved at least with an interface of a part of the liquid supply pipe, wherein The position of the interface reserved for another part of the liquid supply pipe is determined based on the arrangement position of the preset cabinet and the position of the liquid supply pipe integrated on the frame.
  • the liquid supply pipe 130 may include: a liquid supply branch pipe 132 for respectively connecting the radiator and the heat exchanger, each of the liquid supply branches An electric valve for supplying liquid is provided.
  • the electric valve in the liquid supply branch pipe can be controlled to open and close, thereby conveniently controlling the liquid supply pipe 120 to communicate with the radiator or the heat exchanger.
  • the interfaces between the sections of the liquid supply pipe can be connected by a quick joint.
  • the exhaust pipe 140 is configured to communicate a plurality of end heat dissipation coils and a cooler to return the gaseous refrigerant to the cooler.
  • the input port of the exhaust pipe 140 is used to connect the output port of the end heat sink coil
  • the output port of the liquid supply pipe 130 is used to connect the input port of the cooler 120, thereby absorbing heat in the end heat sink coil.
  • the subsequent gaseous refrigerant is sent to the cooler 120 for cooling.
  • a portion of the exhaust pipe may be integrated into the frame of the cabinet 150 for factory modular production; alternatively or additionally, another portion of the exhaust pipe is preset in the machine room in which the cabinet 150 is located so as to The cabinet is installed in advance before entering the site, which shortens the delivery time.
  • another portion of the exhaust pipe at least reserves an interface with a portion of the exhaust pipe, wherein The position of the interface reserved for another part of the exhaust pipe is determined based on the arrangement position of the preset cabinet and the position of the exhaust pipe integrated in the frame.
  • the exhaust pipe 140 may include: exhaust manifolds 142 for respectively connecting the radiator and the heat exchanger, each of the exhaust manifolds An electric valve for exhaust is provided.
  • exhaust pipe 140 it is possible to conveniently control the exhaust pipe 140 to communicate with the radiator or the heat exchanger by controlling the opening and closing of the electric valve in the exhaust branch pipe.
  • the interface between the sections of the exhaust pipe can also be connected by a quick joint.
  • the setting direction of the two rows of cabinet columns consisting of cabinets in FIG. 1 is relative setting, and the actual setting direction may not be limited thereto, or multiple columns of cabinets may be arranged in the same direction, and the cabinet columns may be arranged in a straight line.
  • the cabinet columns are arranged in a variety of settings such as a circular arrangement.
  • the above cooling device may further include: a temperature detecting component (not shown) for detecting an ambient temperature at which the cooler is located; and a control component (not shown) for when the ambient temperature is lower than the preheating
  • a temperature detecting component for detecting an ambient temperature at which the cooler is located
  • a control component for when the ambient temperature is lower than the preheating
  • the electric valve on each liquid supply branch pipe and the electric valve on each exhaust pipe branch are controlled to connect the liquid supply pipe and the exhaust pipe and the radiator, wherein the preset temperature is determined based on the condensation temperature of the refrigerant.
  • the electric valve on each liquid supply branch pipe and the electric valve on each exhaust branch pipe are controlled to communicate the liquid supply pipe and the exhaust pipe and the heat exchanger.
  • the temperature detecting component and the control component can automatically switch the heat sink and the heat exchanger according to the ambient temperature of the cooler without manual intervention, thereby improving the control efficiency.
  • the cooler of the embodiment includes an outdoor radiator and a fluorine-water heat exchanger
  • the refrigerant in the evaporator evaporates and absorbs heat to become a gaseous state.
  • the outdoor temperature conditions it can be operated under different working conditions.
  • the operation plan is as follows:
  • the gaseous refrigerant enters the outdoor radiator 121 and is directly condensed into a liquid state by the outside cold air, and the liquid refrigerant flows into the end radiator through gravity to continue to suck.
  • Thermal evaporation if you need to improve the heat transfer effect, you can turn on the outdoor radiator fan for forced convection heat transfer.
  • the gaseous refrigerant enters the fluorine-water heat exchanger 122 and is condensed into a liquid state by the primary side chilled water, and the liquid refrigerant flows to the end radiator under the action of gravity to continue to evaporate and absorb heat. .
  • the present application also provides a cabinet, including the above-mentioned end heat sink coil, it should be understood that the above description of the end heat sink coil is also applicable to the end heat dissipation in the cabinet. Coil, no longer repeat here.
  • the cabinet when a portion of the supply conduit and/or a portion of the exhaust conduit is integrated into the frame of the cabinet, the cabinet further includes a portion of the supply conduit and/or a portion of the exhaust conduit, as such, The descriptions of the supply and exhaust pipes are also applicable to the supply and exhaust pipes in the cabinet, and will not be described here.
  • the present application also provides a cooling system including a cabinet body and the above-described cooling device. It should be understood that the above description for the cooling device is also applicable to the cooling device in the present cooling system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于数据中心机柜的冷却装置、机柜和冷却***，所述冷却装置包括：末端散热盘管（110），设于机柜的出风侧，用于从底部输入液态制冷剂，从顶部输出气态的制冷剂；冷却器（120），设于高于所述末端散热盘管（110）预设高度处，用于将回流的气态制冷剂冷却为液态制冷剂并输出液态制冷剂；供液管（130），用于联通多个所述末端散热盘管（110）与所述冷却器（120）以向所述末端散热盘管（110）输入液态制冷剂；排气管（140），用于联通多个所述末端散热盘管（110）与所述冷却器（120）以向所述冷却器（120）回流所述气态制冷剂。该冷却装置提高了数据中心机房的防水安全性。

Description

用于数据中心机柜的冷却装置、机柜和冷却***
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2016年01月20日提交的中国专利申请号为“201610037251.6”的优先权，其全部内容作为整体并入本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及计算机技术领域，具体涉及计算机数据中心领域，尤其涉及用于数据中心机柜的冷却装置、机柜和冷却***。
背景技术
随着大规模云计算数据中心在全球范围内的广泛部署，互联网数据中心机房内的高密度机柜不断增加，设备的处理能力日益增强，随之需要对机房内的高发热量设备进行有效的降温处理。
目前，很多数据中心采用水冷空调为机房中的服务器降温，并且为了进一步提高降温能效，逐渐由传统的地板下送风等形式转变为水冷散热器更靠近热源的形式为数据中心的机柜降温，例如采用行级空调***、顶置冷却单元和水冷背板等形式为数据中心的机柜降温。
然而，上述的用于数据中心的机柜的降温方式，水冷散热器更靠近热源，存在以下问题：水进机房且更靠近带电设备会带来很大的安全隐患。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提出一种改进的用于数据中心机柜的冷却装置、机柜和冷却***，来解决以上背景技术部分提到的技术问题。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种用于数据中心机柜的冷却装置，包括：末端散热盘管，设于机柜的出风侧，用于从底部输入液态制冷剂，从顶部输出气态的制冷剂；冷却器，设于高于所述末端散热盘管预设 高度处，用于将回流的气态制冷剂冷却为液态制冷剂并输出液态制冷剂；供液管，用于联通多个所述末端散热盘管与所述冷却器以向所述末端散热盘管输入液态制冷剂；排气管，用于联通多个所述末端散热盘管与所述冷却器以向所述冷却器回流所述气态制冷剂。
在一些实施例中，所述冷却器包括：散热器和/或换热器。
在一些实施例中，当所述冷却器包括散热器时，所述装置还包括：用于散热器的风扇，用于形成气流以加速散热器表面的空气流通；和/或喷淋组件，用于喷淋所述散热器以将所述制冷剂冷却至液态。
在一些实施例中，当所述冷却器包括散热器和换热器时，所述供液管包括：用于分别联通所述散热器和所述换热器的供液支管，每一个所述供液支管上设有用于供液的电动阀门；以及所述排气管包括：用于分别联通所述散热器和所述换热器的排气支管，每一个所述排气支管上设有用于排气的电动阀门。
在一些实施例中，所述冷却装置还包括：温度检测组件，用于检测所述冷却器所处的环境温度；控制组件，用于当所述环境温度低于预设温度时，控制每一个供液支管上的电动阀门和每一个排气支管上的电动阀门动作以联通所述供液管和所述排气管与所述散热器，其中，所述预设温度基于所述制冷剂的冷凝温度确定；以及当所述环境温度高于所述预设温度时，控制每一个供液支管上的电动阀门和每一个排气支管上的电动阀门动作以联通所述供液管和所述排气管与所述换热器。
在一些实施例中，所述供液管的一部分和/或所述排气管的一部分集成于所述机柜的框架上。
在一些实施例中，所述供液管的另一部分和/或所述排气管的另一部分预设于所述机柜所处的机房中。
在一些实施例中，当所述供液管的一部分集成于所述机柜的框架上，并且所述供液管的另一部分预设于所述机柜所处的机房中时，所述供液管的另一部分至少预留与所述供液管的一部分的接口，其中，所述接口的位置基于预设的机柜的排列位置以及集成于所述框架上的供液管的位置确定；以及当所述排气管的一部分集成于所述机柜的框 架上，并且所述排气管的另一部分预设于所述机柜所处的机房中时，所述排气管的另一部分至少预留与所述排气管的一部分的接口，其中，接口的位置基于预设的机柜的排列位置以及集成于所述框架上的排气管的位置确定。
在一些实施例中，所述供液管中的接口通过快速接头连接；以及所述排气管中的接口通过快速接头连接。
在一些实施例中，所述末端散热盘管集成于所述机柜的散热风扇的出风侧。
在一些实施例中，所述制冷剂为含氟制冷剂；和/或所述换热器中用于冷却所述制冷剂的冷流体为水。
在一些实施例中，所述末端散热盘管的排列方式基于所述机柜内的或由所述机柜组成的机柜列内的散热源的排列方式、散热功率以及所述末端散热盘管的冷却功率确定。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种机柜，所述机柜包括：如上所述的末端散热盘管。
在一些实施例中，当所述供液管的一部分和/或所述排气管的一部分集成于所述机柜的框架上时，所述机柜还包括：所述供液管的一部分和/或所述排气管的一部分。
第三方面，本申请提供了一种冷却***，包括：机柜本体和如上所述的冷却装置。
本申请提供的用于数据中心机柜的冷却装置、机柜和冷却***，通过设于机柜的出风侧的末端散热盘管来冷却机柜排出的热风，通过设于高于末端散热盘管预设高度处的冷却器将末端散热盘管回流的气态制冷剂冷却为液态制冷剂并输出液态制冷剂，通过供液管向所述末端散热盘管输入液态制冷剂，并且通过排气管回流气态制冷剂，从而可以防止水患，提高数据中心机房的防水安全性；又由于末端散热盘管与机柜的贴合度高，大大改善了机柜的散热效果；还由于制冷剂的循环采用了重力热管原理，无需额外驱动力，因此减少了冷却装置所需的能耗。
进一步地，在一些实施例中，供液管的一部分和排气管的一部分 可以集成于机柜的框架上，备选地或附加地，另一部分供液管和另一部分排气管预设于机柜所处的机房中，从而使得冷却装置可以快速安装到位。
进一步地，在一些实施例中，供液管中的接口和排气管中的接口采用快速接头连接，便于冷却装置的维护和操作。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图所作的对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本申请的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显：
图1是根据本申请的数据中心机柜的冷却装置的一个示例性的结构图；
图2是根据本申请的设于机柜的散热源出风侧的末端散热盘管的一个实施例的侧视图；
图3是根据本申请的设于机柜的散热源出风侧的末端散热盘管的一个实施例的正视图。
附图标记：110-末端散热盘管；120-冷却器；121-散热器；122-换热器；130-供液管；131-供液管的分管路；132-供液支管；140-排气管；141-排气管的分管路；142-排气支管；150-机柜；151-散热风扇。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请作进一步的详细说明。可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释相关发明，而非对该发明的限定。另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与有关发明相关的部分。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请。
示例性的，数据中心机柜的冷却装置如图1所示，可以包括但不限于末端散热盘管110、冷却器120、供液管130和排气管140。
其中，末端散热盘管110，设于机柜150的出风侧，用于从底部 输入液态制冷剂，从顶部输出气态的制冷剂。
可以理解，末端散热盘管110是一种盘绕的管道单元，具有良好的热传导性能，管道的管壁作为热传导介质，可以使得管道外空气中的热量传导至管道内的制冷剂，从而冷却管道外的热空气并气化管道内的制冷剂。
末端散热盘管110的排列方式，可以基于机柜中或由机柜组成的机柜列中的散热源的排列方式、散热功率以及末端散热盘管的冷却功率确定。例如，当末端散热盘管的冷却功率较大、可以满足一个机柜或多个机柜中所有散热源的散热功率时，可以为一个机柜或多个机柜设置一个末端散热盘管；当末端散热盘管的冷却功率较小且机柜内各个热源的散热功率较高时，也可以为机柜内的散热源(例如服务器)一一设置末端散热盘管。
进一步参考图2和图3，图2和图3分别示出了根据本申请的设于机柜中散热源出风侧的末端散热盘管的一个实施例的侧视图和正视图。
如图2所示，在本实施例中，末端散热盘管110设置于机柜中除顶部的交换机和中部的机柜电源模块之外的四层热源(例如服务器)的散热风扇的出风侧，从而通过散热风扇151的运行，将机柜150内热源产生的热量沿虚线箭头所示的气流方向输送至末端散热盘管110进行冷却，从而得到冷却后的空气再次参与室内冷却空气的循环。其中，从上往下第一层的散热风扇151与其出风侧的末端散热盘管110的集成面设置A-A剖面。
如图3所示，图3中呈现了从上往下第一层的散热风扇151与其出风侧的末端散热盘管110的集成面的A-A剖视图，示出了第一层末端散热盘管110之后的第一层散热风扇151，并且示出了分别设于机柜150的第二层至第四层散热风扇151的出风侧的第二层至第四层末端散热盘管110，从而通过散热风扇151的运行，将机柜150内热源产生的热量输送至末端散热盘管进行冷却，从而得到冷却后的空气参与室内冷却空气的循环。
可以理解，上述图2和图3中所示的情形仅为针对本申请的举例 说明，并不构成对本申请的限定。例如，图中末端散热盘管的排列方式还可以为多个横向或竖向设置的散热风扇设置一个末端散热盘管；末端散热盘管的数量可以减少为按单行或多行(也可以为单列或多列)散热风扇设置末端散热盘管的数量；热源在机柜中的设置位置可以按照用户需求设置；以及机柜中所包括的组件也可以按照用户使用机柜的需求设置。
上述的末端散热盘管110，与供液管130和排气管140之间的联接方式可以为现有的或未来发展的技术中的各种联接方式，本申请对此不做限定。例如，末端散热盘管110与供液管130和排气管140之间的联接可以均为活动联接，从而便于插拔和维护。
可以理解，上述图1和图3中还示例性的示出了当末端散热盘管为多个时，供液管和排气管可以分别包括与散热盘管一一对应的分管路：单个末端散热盘管的输入管分别联通供液管的一个分管路131，单个末端散热盘管的输出管分别联通排气管的一个分管路141。
可以理解，除上述图1和图2中示出的冷却装置包括多个末端散热盘管的方式之外，该冷却装置也可以仅包括单个功率足够的末端散热盘管，而此时用于联通冷却器的供液管和排气管直接联通该单个末端散热盘管即可。
上述的设于机柜的出风侧的末端散热盘管110，可以提高与机柜的贴合度并改善机柜的散热效果。在一些实现方式中，末端散热盘管还可以集成于机柜的散热风扇的出风侧，从而使得末端散热盘管与机柜之间的结构更为紧凑，更加靠近热源，从而提高冷却效率。
上述的末端散热盘管110中循环的制冷剂，又称为制冷工质，是在冷却装置中不断循环并通过其本身的状态变化以实现制冷的工作物质，在末端散热盘管110内吸收被冷却介质热空气的热量而汽化，在冷却器120中将热量传递给周围空气或水而冷凝。在这里，制冷剂可以是常温常压为气态，无水浸风险的制冷剂。例如，制冷剂可以为含氟制冷剂二氟一氯甲烷R22；1，1，1，2-四氟乙烷R134a；以及混合制冷剂R410a等。
返回图1，上述的冷却装置中的冷却器120，是用于冷却气态制冷 剂的冷却设备，可以为现有技术或未来发展的技术中的任意一种冷却设备，例如，冷却器120可以为将机械或其他器具在工作过程中产生的热量及时转移以避免影响其正常工作的散热器121，备选地或附加地，冷却器120还可以为将热流体的部分热量传递给冷流体的设备的换热器122等，本申请对此不作限定。在实际的应用中，冷却器的数量和冷却功率，可以根据需要冷却的机柜的数量以及散热量来确定。示例性的，如图1所示，在一些情形下，环境温度有时温度较低可以直接用于冷却制冷剂，有时温度较高无法直接用于冷却制冷剂，此时冷却器可以同时包括散热器(例如室外散热器)和换热器(例如氟-水换热器)。在另一些情形下(图1中未示出)，环境温度一直较低，可以直接用于冷却制冷剂，此时可以仅采用散热器作为冷却器。在第三种情形下(图1中未示出)，环境温度一直较高无法使用散热器冷却制冷剂，此时可以仅采用换热器作为冷却器。
上述的冷却器120，用于将回流的气态制冷剂冷却为液态制冷剂并输出液态制冷剂，其设置的位置可以为高于末端散热盘管预设高度处，以确保冷却器与末端散热盘管可以保持一定的高度差，从而使制冷剂遵循重力热管原理循环，无需额外驱动力，大大的减少制冷剂循环的能耗。
在一些实现方式中，当冷却器120包括散热器121时，冷却装置还可以包括：用于散热器的风扇，用于形成气流以加速散热器表面的空气流通；备选地或附加地，还可以包括喷淋组件，用于喷淋散热器以将制冷剂冷却至液态。
在一些实现方式中，当冷却器120包括换热器122时，上述换热器中用于冷却制冷剂的冷流体可以为水。
上述的供液管130，用于联通多个末端散热盘管与冷却器以向末端散热盘管输入液态制冷剂。
供液管130的输入口用于联通冷却器120的输出口，供液管130的输出口用于联通末端散热盘管的输入口，从而将冷却器120冷却的液态制冷剂输送至末端散热盘管。
可选地，上述供液管的一部分可以集成于机柜的框架上，以便工 厂模块化生产；备选地或附加地，上述供液管的另一部分预设于机柜所处的机房中，以便在机柜进场前提前安装，缩短交付时间。当供液管的一部分集成于机柜的框架上，并且供液管的另一部分预设于机柜所处的机房中时，供液管的另一部分至少预留与供液管的一部分的接口，其中，供液管的另一部分预留的接口的位置基于预设的机柜的排列位置以及集成于框架上的供液管的位置确定。
在一些实现方式中，当冷却器120包括散热器121和换热器122时，供液管130可以包括：用于分别联通散热器和换热器的供液支管132，每一个供液支管上设有用于供液的电动阀门。在这里，可以通过控制供液支管中的电动阀门开闭，从而方便的控制供液管120联通散热器或换热器。
为了方便供液管各段的快速联通，供液管中各段之间的接口可以通过快速接头连接。
排气管140，用于联通多个末端散热盘管与冷却器以向冷却器回流气态制冷剂。
在本实施例中，排气管140的输入口用于联通末端散热盘管的输出口，供液管130的输出口用于联通冷却器120的输入口，从而将末端散热盘管中吸收热量后的气态制冷剂输送至冷却器120进行冷却。
可选地，排气管的一部分可以集成于机柜150的框架上，以便工厂模块化生产；备选地或附加地，排气管的另一部分预设于机柜150所处的机房中，以便在机柜进场前提前安装，缩短交付时间。当排气管的一部分集成于机柜的框架上，并且排气管的另一部分预设于机柜所处的机房中时，排气管的另一部分至少预留与排气管的一部分的接口，其中，排气管的另一部分预留的接口的位置基于预设的机柜的排列位置以及集成于框架上的排气管的位置确定。
在一些实现方式中，当冷却器120包括散热器121和换热器122时，排气管140可以包括：用于分别联通散热器和换热器的排气支管142，每一个排气支管上设有用于排气的电动阀门。在这里，可以通过控制排气支管中的电动阀门开闭，从而方便的控制排气管140联通散热器或换热器。
同样，为了方便排气管各段的快速联通，排气管中各段之间的接口也可以通过快速接头连接。
示例性的，图1中的由机柜组成的两列机柜列的设置方向为相对设置，实际的设置方向可不受此局限，也可以采用多列机柜列同向设置、机柜列沿一字形设置和机柜列沿圆形设置等多种设置形式。
在图1的基础上，上述冷却装置还可以包括：温度检测组件(未示出)，用于检测冷却器所处的环境温度；控制组件(未示出)，用于当环境温度低于预设温度时，控制每一个供液支管上的电动阀门和每一个排气支管上的电动阀门动作以联通供液管和排气管与散热器，其中，预设温度基于制冷剂的冷凝温度确定；当环境温度高于预设温度时，控制每一个供液支管上的电动阀门和每一个排气支管上的电动阀门动作以联通供液管和排气管与换热器。在这里，可以通过温度检测组件和控制组件实现根据冷却器的环境温度自动切换散热器和换热器，无需人工介入，从而提高了控制效率。
在本实施例的冷却器包括室外散热器和氟-水换热器的一个具体的应用场景中，末端散热盘管110冷却机柜150排出的热风后，其内的制冷剂蒸发吸热变成气态，根据室外温度条件，可分不同工况运行。运行方案如下：
1)如室外空气的温度可以满足冷却制冷剂所需的温度，则气态制冷剂进入到室外散热器121内被外界冷空气直接冷凝成液态，液态制冷剂通过重力作用流入末端散热器内继续吸热蒸发；如需提高换热效果则可以开启室外散热器风扇进行强制对流换热。
2)如果室外空气温度不能满足冷却制冷剂所需的温度，但水冷后的空气温度可以满足冷却制冷剂所需的温度，则开启室外散热器121的水喷淋装置，以提高室外散热器的换热效果。
3)如果室外水冷后的空气温度不能满足机房需求，则气态制冷剂进入氟-水换热器122被一次侧冷冻水冷凝成液态，液态制冷剂在重力作用下流至末端散热器继续蒸发吸热。
在这里，本申请还提供了一种机柜，包括上述的末端散热盘管，应当理解，上述针对末端散热盘管描述也适用于本机柜中的末端散热 盘管，在此不再赘述。在一些实现方式中，当供液管的一部分和/或排气管的一部分集成于机柜的框架上时，机柜还包括这供液管的一部分和/或排气管的一部分，同理，上述针对供液管和排气管的描述也适用于本机柜中的供液管和排气管，在此不再赘述。
在这里，本申请还提供了一种冷却***，包括机柜本体和上述的冷却装置。应当理解，上述针对冷却装置的描述也适用于本冷却***中的冷却装置。
以上描述仅为本申请的较佳实施例以及对所运用技术原理的说明。本领域技术人员应当理解，本申请中所涉及的发明范围，并不限于上述技术特征的特定组合而成的技术方案，同时也应涵盖在不脱离所述发明构思的情况下，由上述技术特征或其等同特征进行任意组合而形成的其它技术方案。例如上述特征与本申请中公开的(但不限于)具有类似功能的技术特征进行互相替换而形成的技术方案。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种用于数据中心机柜的冷却装置，其特征在于，包括：
    末端散热盘管，设于机柜的出风侧，用于从底部输入液态制冷剂，从顶部输出气态的制冷剂；
    冷却器，设于高于所述末端散热盘管预设高度处，用于将回流的气态制冷剂冷却为液态制冷剂并输出液态制冷剂；
    供液管，用于联通多个所述末端散热盘管与所述冷却器以向所述末端散热盘管输入液态制冷剂；
    排气管，用于联通多个所述末端散热盘管与所述冷却器以向所述冷却器回流所述气态制冷剂。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，所述冷却器包括：散热器和/或换热器。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，当所述冷却器包括散热器时，所述装置还包括：
    用于散热器的风扇，用于形成气流以加速散热器表面的空气流通；和/或
    喷淋组件，用于喷淋所述散热器以将所述制冷剂冷却至液态。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，当所述冷却器包括散热器和换热器时，
    所述供液管包括：用于分别联通所述散热器和所述换热器的供液支管，每一个所述供液支管上设有用于供液的电动阀门；以及
    所述排气管包括：用于分别联通所述散热器和所述换热器的排气支管，每一个所述排气支管上设有用于排气的电动阀门。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，所述冷却装置还包括：
    温度检测组件，用于检测所述冷却器所处的环境温度；
    控制组件，用于当所述环境温度低于预设温度时，控制每一个供液支管上的电动阀门和每一个排气支管上的电动阀门动作以联通所述供液管和所述排气管与所述散热器，其中，所述预设温度基于所述制冷剂的冷凝温度确定；以及当所述环境温度高于所述预设温度时，控制每一个供液支管上的电动阀门和每一个排气支管上的电动阀门动作以联通所述供液管和所述排气管与所述换热器。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，所述供液管的一部分和/或所述排气管的一部分集成于所述机柜的框架上。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，所述供液管的另一部分和/或所述排气管的另一部分预设于所述机柜所处的机房中。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，
    当所述供液管的一部分集成于所述机柜的框架上，并且所述供液管的另一部分预设于所述机柜所处的机房中时，所述供液管的另一部分至少预留与所述供液管的一部分的接口，其中，所述供液管的另一部分预留的接口的位置基于预设的机柜的排列位置以及集成于所述框架上的供液管的位置确定；以及
    当所述排气管的一部分集成于所述机柜的框架上，并且所述排气管的另一部分预设于所述机柜所处的机房中时，所述排气管的另一部分至少预留与所述排气管的一部分的接口，其中，所述排气管的另一部分预留的接口的位置基于预设的机柜的排列位置以及集成于所述框架上的排气管的位置确定。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，所述供液管中的接口通过快速接头连接；以及
    所述排气管中的接口通过快速接头连接。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，所述末端散热盘管集成于所述机柜的散热风扇的出风侧。
  11. 根据权利要求2所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，所述制冷剂为含氟制冷剂；和/或
    所述换热器中用于冷却所述制冷剂的冷流体为水。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任意一项所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，所述末端散热盘管的排列方式基于所述机柜中或由所述机柜组成的机柜列中的散热源的排列方式、散热功率以及所述末端散热盘管的冷却功率确定。
  13. 一种机柜，其特征在于，所述机柜包括：如权利要求1-12之一所述的末端散热盘管。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的机柜，其特征在于，当所述供液管的一部分和/或所述排气管的一部分集成于所述机柜的框架上时，所述机柜还包括：所述供液管的一部分和/或所述排气管的一部分。
  15. 一种冷却***，其特征在于，包括：机柜本体和如权利要求1-12任意一项所述的冷却装置。
PCT/CN2016/086218 2016-01-20 2016-06-17 用于数据中心机柜的冷却装置、机柜和冷却*** WO2017124689A1 (zh)

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