WO2017111131A1 - All-solid secondary battery, particles for all-solid secondary batteries, solid electrolyte composition for all-solid secondary batteries, electrode sheet for all-solid secondary batteries, and production methods therefor - Google Patents

All-solid secondary battery, particles for all-solid secondary batteries, solid electrolyte composition for all-solid secondary batteries, electrode sheet for all-solid secondary batteries, and production methods therefor Download PDF

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WO2017111131A1
WO2017111131A1 PCT/JP2016/088572 JP2016088572W WO2017111131A1 WO 2017111131 A1 WO2017111131 A1 WO 2017111131A1 JP 2016088572 W JP2016088572 W JP 2016088572W WO 2017111131 A1 WO2017111131 A1 WO 2017111131A1
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solid
group
secondary battery
solid electrolyte
organic compound
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PCT/JP2016/088572
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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雅臣 牧野
智則 三村
宏顕 望月
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富士フイルム株式会社
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Priority to JP2017558311A priority Critical patent/JP6762319B2/en
Publication of WO2017111131A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017111131A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
    • H01M10/0562—Solid materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an all-solid secondary battery, all-solid-state secondary battery particles, all-solid-state secondary battery solid electrolyte composition, all-solid-state secondary battery electrode sheet, and methods for producing these.
  • Electrolytic solutions have been used for lithium ion batteries. Attempts have been made to replace the electrolytic solution with a solid electrolyte to obtain an all-solid-state secondary battery in which all constituent materials are solid.
  • An advantage of a technology that uses an inorganic solid electrolyte is the reliability of the battery that combines the overall performance of the battery. For example, a flammable material such as a carbonate-based solvent is applied as a medium to an electrolytic solution used in a lithium ion secondary battery.
  • Various safety measures have been taken for lithium ion secondary batteries. However, there is a risk of inconvenience during overcharging, and further measures are desired.
  • An all-solid-state secondary battery that employs a solid electrolyte is positioned as a fundamental solution.
  • a further advantage of the all-solid-state secondary battery is that it is suitable for increasing the energy density by stacking electrodes. Specifically, a battery having a structure in which an electrode and an electrolyte are directly arranged in series can be obtained. At this time, since the metal package for sealing the battery cell, the copper wire and the bus bar for connecting the battery cell can be omitted, the energy density of the battery is greatly increased. In addition, good compatibility with the positive electrode material capable of increasing the potential is also mentioned as an advantage.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a solid battery containing a hydrocarbon polymer having a crosslinked structure in any one of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte layer containing a sulfide solid electrolyte.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses an all-solid secondary battery having a positive electrode, a solid electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode, wherein the all-solid secondary battery contains a graft polymer in at least one of the positive electrode, the solid electrolyte layer, and the negative electrode.
  • Patent Document 1 uses a hydrocarbon polymer having a crosslinked structure so as not to cause a decrease in adhesion between the electrode layer and the solid electrolyte layer. It aims to prevent generation and improve cycle characteristics.
  • the solid battery described in the document has a low binding property between solid particles such as a solid electrolyte, and this low binding property causes a low handling property when the solid battery is manufactured.
  • a graft polymer is used as a binder, but further improvement in binding property between solid particles is desired.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an all-solid-state secondary battery having excellent binding properties between solid particles in each layer, between each layer and between the layer and the current collector. Moreover, this invention makes it a subject to provide the particle
  • the present inventors have found that the surface of the solid particles is based on an organic compound by exposing at least one solid particle contained in an all-solid-state secondary battery such as an electrode active material or an inorganic solid electrolyte to an actinic ray. Introducing the organic compound group improves the affinity between the solid particles, and improves the binding between the solid particles in each layer of the all-solid-state secondary battery, between each layer and between the layer and the current collector. I found it to improve. The present invention has been made based on this finding.
  • ⁇ 4> The all-solid-state secondary battery according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, wherein the inorganic solid electrolyte particles are oxide-based or sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte particles.
  • ⁇ 5> The organic compound group according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 4>, wherein the organic compound group is supported on the particle surface via a linking group containing at least one of an O atom, an N atom, and an S atom. All-solid secondary battery.
  • ⁇ 6> The all-solid-state secondary battery according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5>, wherein the film thickness of the organic compound group supported via a covalent bond is 20 nm or less.
  • ⁇ 7> The all-solid-state secondary battery according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 6>, wherein the organic compound group is a group of an organic compound having a mass average molecular weight of 3000 or more.
  • the organic compound group is an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, an aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, a halogenated aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, the following formula (1) or
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group or an aryl group.
  • ⁇ 9> The all-solid-state secondary battery according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8>, wherein the organic compound group forms a crosslinking group at the molecular end.
  • ⁇ 11> The all-solid-state secondary battery according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 10>, wherein the organic compound group is a group of a surface-initiated graft polymerization conjugate.
  • ⁇ 12> The particle surface is exposed to actinic rays, the exposed particles are mixed with an organic compound, and an organic compound group is supported on the particle surface via a covalent bond, so that the amount of covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10
  • ⁇ 13> The all-solid secondary according to ⁇ 12>, wherein the actinic ray is a plasma generated from any gas of nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, ammonia, helium and argon, or a mixed gas of two or more thereof. Battery manufacturing method.
  • ⁇ 14> The method for producing an all solid state secondary battery according to ⁇ 13>, wherein the plasma is low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma.
  • a solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery which is used for an all-solid secondary battery according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 11>.
  • Solid electrolyte composition for all-solid-state secondary battery that is / cm 2 or more.
  • the particle surface is exposed to actinic rays, reacted with an organic compound, and an organic compound group is supported on the particle surface via a covalent bond, and the amount of covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10 mol / cm 2 or more
  • An electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10 mol / cm 2 or more.
  • Solid electrolyte composition After irradiating the material with actinic rays, the organic compound group is supported on the particle surface via a covalent bond by mixing with an organic compound, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10 mol / cm 2 or more.
  • a step of applying a solid electrolyte composition containing inorganic solid electrolyte particles having conductivity of metal ions belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the periodic table, electrode active material particles, and conductive auxiliary particles [ 2] After irradiating the solid electrolyte composition with actinic rays and then mixing with an organic compound, the organic compound group is supported on the particle surface via a covalent bond, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10 mol / The process of making it cm 2 or more
  • a numerical range expressed using “to” means a range including numerical values described before and after “to” as a lower limit value and an upper limit value.
  • acryl or “(meth) acryl” is described, it is used in the meaning including both methacryl and acryl.
  • the all solid state secondary battery of the present invention is excellent in the binding property between solid particles in each layer, between each layer and between the layer and the current collector.
  • the particles for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention are excellent in binding properties.
  • the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery of the present invention is used for the production of an all-solid secondary battery, so that the solid particles in each layer of the all-solid secondary battery, the respective layers, the layers and the current collector The binding property can be improved.
  • the electrode sheet for an all-solid secondary battery of the present invention is used for an all-solid-state secondary battery, thereby binding between solid particles in each layer of the all-solid-state secondary battery, between each layer and between the layer and the current collector. Can increase the sex.
  • the production method of the present invention makes it possible to produce the all-solid secondary battery, the all-solid-state secondary battery particles, the all-solid-state secondary battery solid electrolyte composition, and the all-solid-state secondary battery electrode sheet.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an all solid state secondary battery (lithium ion secondary battery) according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the all-solid-state secondary battery 10 of this embodiment has a negative electrode current collector 1, a negative electrode active material layer 2, a solid electrolyte layer 3, a positive electrode active material layer 4, and a positive electrode current collector 5 in this order as viewed from the negative electrode side. .
  • Each layer is in contact with each other and has a laminated structure.
  • the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention can be preferably used as a molding material for the negative electrode active material layer, the positive electrode active material layer, and the solid electrolyte layer.
  • the thicknesses of the positive electrode active material layer 4, the solid electrolyte layer 3, and the negative electrode active material layer 2 are not particularly limited. In consideration of general battery dimensions, the thickness is preferably 10 to 1,000 ⁇ m, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and less than 500 ⁇ m. In the all solid state secondary battery of the present invention, it is more preferable that the thickness of at least one of the positive electrode active material layer 4, the solid electrolyte layer 3, and the negative electrode active material layer 2 is 50 ⁇ m or more and less than 500 ⁇ m. In this specification, the positive electrode active material layer and the negative electrode active material layer may be collectively referred to as an electrode layer.
  • the electrode active material that can be used in the present invention includes a positive electrode active material contained in the positive electrode active material layer and a negative electrode active material contained in the negative electrode active material layer. May be simply referred to as an active material or an electrode active material.
  • solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery of the present invention that can be suitably used for the production of the all-solid secondary battery of the present invention will be described.
  • the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention includes inorganic solid electrolyte particles and electrode active material particles having conductivity of metal ions belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the periodic table. Moreover, it is preferable that the solid electrolyte composition for all-solid-state secondary batteries of this invention contains a conductive support agent particle.
  • an organic compound group is supported on a surface of at least one of the inorganic solid electrolyte particles and the electrode active material particles via a covalent bond.
  • the amount of covalent bonds on the particle surface is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10 mol / cm 2 or more.
  • the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention contains conductive aid particles, an organic substance is formed on at least one surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte particles, the electrode active material particles, and the conductive aid particles.
  • the compound group is supported via a covalent bond, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10 mol / cm 2 or more.
  • inorganic solid electrolyte particles carrying an organic compound group with the above-mentioned covalent bond amount electrode active material particles carrying an organic compound group with the above-mentioned covalent bond amount
  • conductive assistant particles carrying an organic compound group with the above-mentioned covalent bond amount The particles for the all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention may be referred to simply as particles.
  • the inorganic solid electrolyte particles may be referred to as inorganic solid electrolytes
  • the electrode active material particles may be referred to as electrode active materials
  • the conductive aid particles may be referred to as conductive aids.
  • inorganic solid electrolyte particles, electrode active material particles, and conductive additive particles that do not carry an organic compound group may be referred to as solid particles.
  • the inorganic solid electrolyte is an inorganic solid electrolyte, and the solid electrolyte is a solid capable of moving ions inside thereof.
  • Organic solid electrolytes polymer electrolytes typified by polyethylene oxide (PEO) and the like, organic electrolyte salts typified by lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI) and the like) because they do not contain organic substances, that is, carbon atoms Clearly distinguished.
  • the inorganic solid electrolyte is solid in a steady state, the cation and the anion are not dissociated or released, and the cation and the anion are dissociated or released in the electrolyte or polymer (LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 And lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide (LiFSI), LiCl, etc.).
  • the inorganic solid electrolyte is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity of ions of metal elements belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the periodic table, and generally does not have electron conductivity.
  • the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery includes an inorganic solid electrolyte. Especially, it is preferable to contain the inorganic solid electrolyte which has the conductivity of the ion of the metal element which belongs to periodic table group 1 or 2 group.
  • the inorganic solid electrolyte a solid electrolyte material commonly used for this type of product can be appropriately selected and used.
  • Typical examples of inorganic solid electrolytes include (i) sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolytes and (ii) oxide-based inorganic solid electrolytes.
  • the sulfide inorganic solid electrolyte contains a sulfur atom (S) and has ionic conductivity of a metal element belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the periodic table, and There is no particular limitation as long as it has electronic insulation.
  • S sulfur atom
  • A lithium ion conductive inorganic solid electrolyte that satisfies the composition represented by the following formula (A).
  • M represents an element selected from B, Zn, Sn, Si, Cu, Ga, Sb, Al, and Ge. Of these, B, Sn, Si, Al, and Ge are preferable, and Sn, Al, and Ge are more preferable.
  • A represents I, Br, Cl or F, preferably I or Br, and particularly preferably I.
  • a to e represent the composition ratio of each element, and a: b: c: d: e preferably satisfies 1 to 12: 0 to 1: 1: 2 to 12: 0 to 5.
  • a is further preferably 1 to 9, and more preferably 1.5 to 4.
  • b is preferably 0 to 0.5.
  • d is further preferably 3 to 7, and more preferably 3.25 to 4.5.
  • e is preferably from 0 to 3, more preferably from 0 to 2.
  • the composition ratio of each element can be controlled by adjusting the blending amount of the raw material compound when producing the sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte.
  • the sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte may be amorphous (glass) or crystallized (glass ceramic), or only part of it may be crystallized.
  • the ratio of Li 2 S to P 2 S 5 in the Li—PS system glass and the Li—PS system glass ceramic is a molar ratio of Li 2 S: P 2 S 5 , preferably 65:35 to 85:15, more preferably 68:32 to 75:25.
  • the lithium ion conductivity can be increased.
  • the lithium ion conductivity can be preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 S / cm or more, more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 S / cm or more. Although there is no particular upper limit, it is practical that it is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 S / cm or less.
  • Li—PS glass is preferably used.
  • the compound of the sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte include those formed using a raw material composition containing, for example, Li 2 S and a sulfide of an element belonging to Group 13 to Group 15. . More specifically, Li 2 S—P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—LiI—P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—LiI—Li 2 O—P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—LiBr—P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—Li 2 O—P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—Li 3 PO 4 —P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—P 2 S 5 —P 2 O 5 , Li 2 S—P 2 S 5- SiS 2 , Li 2 S—P 2 S 5 —SnS, Li 2 S—P 2 S 5 —Al 2 S 3 , Li 2 S—GeS 2 , Li 2 S—GeS 2 —ZnS, Li 2 S— Ga 2 S 3 , Li 2 S—GeS 2
  • Examples of a method for synthesizing a sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte material using such a raw material composition include an amorphization method.
  • Examples of the amorphization method include a mechanical milling method and a melt quenching method, and among them, the mechanical milling method is preferable. This is because processing at room temperature is possible, and the manufacturing process can be simplified.
  • the oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte contains an oxygen atom (O) and has ionic conductivity of a metal belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the periodic table, and There is no particular limitation as long as it has electronic insulation.
  • the ionic conductivity of the lithium ion conductive oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 S / cm or more, more preferably 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 S / cm or more.
  • X 10 ⁇ 5 S / cm or more is particularly preferable. Is no particular upper limit, but it is practical is 1 ⁇ 10 -2 S / cm or less.
  • Xb satisfies 5 ⁇ xb ⁇ 10
  • yb satisfies 1 ⁇ yb ⁇ 4
  • zb satisfies 1 ⁇ zb ⁇ 4
  • mb satisfies 0 ⁇ mb ⁇ 2
  • nb satisfies 5 ⁇ nb.
  • Li xc B yc M cc zc Onc (wherein M cc is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of C, S, Al, Si, Ga, Ge, In, and Sn).
  • M cc is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of C, S, Al, Si, Ga, Ge, In, and Sn).
  • Xc satisfies 0 ⁇ xc ⁇ 5, yc satisfies 0 ⁇ yc ⁇ 1, zc satisfies 0 ⁇ zc ⁇ 1, and nc satisfies 0 ⁇ nc ⁇ 6);
  • Li xd (Al, Ga) yd (Ti, Ge) zd Si ad P md O nd ( only Xd satisfies 1 ⁇ xd ⁇ 3, yd satisfies 0 ⁇ yd ⁇ 1, zd satisfies 0 ⁇ zd
  • Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 having a garnet-type crystal structure.
  • Phosphorus compounds containing Li, P and O are also desirable.
  • lithium phosphate Li 3 PO 4
  • LiPON LiPOD
  • LiPOD LiPOD
  • LiPOD LiPOD
  • LiPOD LiPOD
  • LiPOD LiPOD
  • LiPOD LiPOD
  • LiPOD LiPOD
  • LiPOD LiPOD
  • LiPOD is Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zr, Nb
  • LiAON is at least one selected from Si, B, Ge, Al, C and Ga
  • LiAON A is at least one selected from Si, B, Ge, Al, C and Ga
  • LLT Li xb La yb Zr zb M bb mb Onb
  • M bb is one or more selected from the group consisting of Al, Mg, Ca, Sr, V, Nb, Ta, Ti, Ge, In, and Sn
  • Xb satisfies 5 ⁇ xb ⁇ 10
  • yb satisfies 1 ⁇ yb ⁇ 4
  • zb satisfies 1 ⁇ zb ⁇ 4
  • mb satisfies 0 ⁇ mb ⁇ 2
  • nb satisfies 5 ⁇ nb.
  • LLZ Li 3 BO 3, Li 3 BO 3 -Li 2 SO 4, Li xd (Al, Ga) yd (Ti, Ge) zd Si ad P md O nd (although, xd 1 ⁇ xd ⁇ 3, yd satisfies 0 ⁇ yd ⁇ 1, zd satisfies 0 ⁇ zd ⁇ 2, ad satisfies 0 ⁇ ad ⁇ 1, md satisfies 1 ⁇ md ⁇ 7, and nd is 3 ⁇ nd ⁇ 13) is preferable, and LLZ More preferable. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the inorganic solid electrolyte may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • the average particle size of the inorganic solid electrolyte is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more. As an upper limit, it is preferable that it is 100 micrometers or less, and it is more preferable that it is 50 micrometers or less.
  • the content of the inorganic solid electrolyte in the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery is 5% by mass or more in 100% by mass of the solid component when considering both battery performance, reduction in interface resistance and maintenance effect. It is preferable that it is 10 mass% or more, and it is especially preferable that it is 20 mass% or more. As an upper limit, it is preferable that it is 99.9 mass% or less from the same viewpoint, It is more preferable that it is 99.5 mass% or less, It is especially preferable that it is 99.0 mass% or less. However, when used together with a positive electrode active material or a negative electrode active material described later, the total content is preferably within the above range.
  • the solid component refers to a component that does not disappear by volatilization or evaporation when dried at 170 ° C. for 6 hours. Typically, it refers to components other than the dispersion medium described below. Moreover, it is preferable that content of the solid component in the all-solid-state secondary battery and the electrode sheet for all-solid-state secondary batteries is the same as content of the solid component in the solid electrolyte composition for all-solid-state secondary batteries.
  • the electrode active material used in the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery of the present invention will be described.
  • the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery for forming the positive electrode active material layer may be referred to as a positive electrode composition.
  • the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery for forming the negative electrode active material layer may be referred to as a negative electrode composition.
  • the positive electrode active material used for the composition for positive electrodes for forming the positive electrode active material layer of the all-solid-state secondary battery of this invention is demonstrated.
  • the positive electrode active material is preferably one that can reversibly insert and release lithium ions.
  • the material is not particularly limited, and may be a transition metal oxide or an element that can be combined with Li such as sulfur. Among these, it is preferable to use a transition metal oxide, and it is more preferable to have a transition metal element M a (one or more elements selected from Co, Ni, Fe, Mn, Cu, and V).
  • mixed element M b (elements of the first (Ia) group of the metal periodic table other than lithium, elements of the second (IIa) group, Al, Ga, In, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, Si , P, B, etc.) may be mixed.
  • the mixing amount is preferably 0 to 30 mol% with respect to the amount of the transition metal element. That the molar ratio of li / M a was synthesized were mixed so that 0.3 to 2.2, more preferably.
  • transition metal oxides include (MA) transition metal compounds having a layered rock salt structure, (MB) transition metal oxides having a spinel structure, (MC) lithium-containing transition metal phosphate compounds, (MD) Examples include lithium-containing transition metal halide phosphate compounds, (ME) lithium-containing transition metal silicates, and the like.
  • transition metal compound having a layered rock salt structure is preferably a transition metal compound (electrode active material particles) having a layered rock salt structure represented by the following formula (B1).
  • M 1 represents Co, Ni, Fe, Mn, a metal containing at least one selected from the group consisting of Cu and V, a1 represents 0 ⁇ 1.2, b1 is 1 ⁇ 3 is represented.
  • M 1 may contain the mixed element M b .
  • M 1 may be a metal mixed so that the total molar ratio of each element of the plurality of metal elements is 1, such as LiNi 0.85 Co 0.1 Al 0.05 O 2 below. Good (including metals mixed so that the total molar ratio of each element is 0.99 or more).
  • transition metal compound having a layered rock salt structure represented by the above formula (B1) include LiCoO 2 (lithium cobaltate [LCO]), LiNiO 2 (lithium nickelate), LiNi 0.85 Co 0.1.
  • Al 0.05 O 2 nickel cobalt lithium aluminum oxide [NCA]
  • LiNi 0.33 Co 0.33 Mn 0.33 O 2 nickel manganese lithium lithium lithium [NMC]
  • LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.5 O 2 lithium manganese nickelate
  • Transition metal oxide having a spinel structure is preferably a transition metal oxide (electrode active material particles) having a spinel structure represented by the following formula (B2).
  • m1 represents an integer of 2 to 8
  • the plurality of M 2 each independently include at least one selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr and V Represents a metal
  • c1 represents 0 to 2
  • d1 represents 3 to 8.
  • M 2 may comprise the mixing element M b.
  • transition metal oxide having the spinel structure represented by the above formula (B2) LiCoMnO 4, Li 2 FeMn 3 O 8 , Li 2 CuMn 3 O 8 , Li 2 CrMn 3 O 8, Li 2 NiMn 3 O 8 is mentioned.
  • the lithium-containing transition metal phosphoric acid oxide is preferably a lithium-containing transition metal phosphoric acid oxide (electrode active material particle) represented by the following formula (B3).
  • M 3 represents a metal containing at least one selected from the group consisting of V, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu, m2 represents an integer of 1 to 8, e1 represents 0.1 to 3, and f1 represents 1 to 5.
  • M 3 may include the mixed element M b , and M 3 may be substituted with other metals such as Ti, Cr, Zn, Zr, and Nb. If M 3 there is a plurality, a plurality of M 3 may be the same or different.
  • lithium-containing transition metal phosphate represented by the above formula (B3) examples include olivine-type phosphate iron salts such as LiFePO 4 and Li 3 Fe 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , and cobalt phosphates such as LiCoPO 4. And monoclinic nasicon type vanadium phosphate salts such as Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 (lithium vanadium phosphate).
  • iron pyrophosphates such as LiFeP 2 O 7 can also be used as the lithium-containing transition metal phosphate.
  • the lithium-containing transition metal halogenated phosphoric acid oxide is preferably a lithium-containing transition metal halogenated phosphoric acid oxide (electrode active material particle) represented by the following formula (B4).
  • M 4 represents a metal including at least one selected from the group consisting of V, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu
  • X represents a halogen element
  • g1 represents 0 1 to 3
  • h1 represents 1 to 5
  • i1 represents 0.1 to 5.
  • M 4 may comprise the mixing element M b, further M 4 is Ti, Cr, Zn, Zr, may be substituted by other metals such as Nb.
  • lithium-containing transition metal halide phosphorus oxide represented by the formula (B4) for example, Li 2 FePO 4 F such fluorinated phosphorus iron salt, Li 2 MnPO 4 hexafluorophosphate manganese salts such as F And cobalt fluorophosphates such as Li 2 CoPO 4 F.
  • Li 2 FePO 4 F such fluorinated phosphorus iron salt
  • Li 2 MnPO 4 hexafluorophosphate manganese salts such as F
  • cobalt fluorophosphates such as Li 2 CoPO 4 F.
  • the lithium-containing transition metal silicate is preferably a lithium-containing transition metal silicate (electrode active material particles) represented by the following formula (B5).
  • M 5 represents a metal containing at least one selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu and V, j1 represents 0 to 3, k1 represents 1 to 5 To express.
  • M 5 may contain the mixed element M b , and M 5 may be substituted with another metal such as Ti, Cr, Zn, Zr, or Nb.
  • lithium-containing transition metal silicate represented by the above formula (B5) examples include Li 2 FeSiO 4 , Li 2 MnSiO 4 , Li 2 CoSiO 4, and the like.
  • electrode active material particles represented by any of the above formulas (B1) to (B5) are preferably used, electrode active material particles represented by the above formula (B1) are preferred, and LCO and NCA are More preferred is LCO, and particularly preferred.
  • the volume average particle diameter (sphere conversion average particle diameter) of the positive electrode active material used in the all solid state secondary battery of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, 0.1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m is preferable. In order to make the positive electrode active substance have a predetermined particle size, a normal pulverizer or classifier may be used.
  • the positive electrode active material obtained by the firing method may be used after being washed with water, an acidic aqueous solution, an alkaline aqueous solution, or an organic solvent.
  • the average particle diameter of the positive electrode active material particles is determined by measuring the volume average particle diameter (sphere-converted average particle diameter) using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer LA-920 (trade name, manufactured by HORIBA).
  • the chemical formula of the positive electrode active material obtained by the above firing method can be calculated from an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectroscopic analysis method as a measurement method and a mass difference between powders before and after firing as a simple method.
  • the content of the positive electrode active material is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 90% by mass, preferably 20 to 90% by mass in 100% by mass of the solid component in the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery for forming the positive electrode active material layer. 80 mass% is more preferable.
  • the positive electrode active materials may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • the positive electrode active material layer may contain a conductive additive as necessary.
  • a conductive additive those described below can be used.
  • the negative electrode active material used in the solid electrolyte composition for an all solid secondary battery for forming the negative electrode active material layer of the all solid secondary battery of the present invention will be described.
  • the negative electrode active material those capable of reversibly inserting and releasing lithium ions are preferable.
  • the material is not particularly limited, and is a carbonaceous material, a metal oxide such as tin oxide or silicon oxide, a metal composite oxide, a lithium alloy such as lithium alone or a lithium aluminum alloy, and a lithium such as Sn, Si, or In. And metals capable of forming an alloy. Of these, carbonaceous materials or lithium composite oxides are preferably used from the viewpoint of reliability.
  • the metal composite oxide is preferably capable of inserting and extracting lithium.
  • the material is not particularly limited, but preferably contains titanium and / or lithium as a constituent component from the viewpoint of high current density charge / discharge characteristics.
  • the carbonaceous material used as the negative electrode active material is a material substantially made of carbon.
  • Examples thereof include carbonaceous materials obtained by firing various synthetic resins such as artificial pitches such as petroleum pitch, natural graphite, and vapor-grown graphite, and PAN (polyacrylonitrile) -based resins and furfuryl alcohol resins.
  • various carbon fibers such as PAN-based carbon fiber, cellulose-based carbon fiber, pitch-based carbon fiber, vapor-grown carbon fiber, dehydrated PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) -based carbon fiber, lignin carbon fiber, glassy carbon fiber, activated carbon fiber, etc. And mesophase microspheres, graphite whiskers, flat graphite and the like.
  • an amorphous oxide is particularly preferable, and chalcogenite, which is a reaction product of a metal element and an element of Group 16 of the periodic table, is also preferably used. It is done.
  • amorphous as used herein means an X-ray diffraction method using CuK ⁇ rays, which has a broad scattering band having a peak in the region of 20 ° to 40 ° in terms of 2 ⁇ , and is a crystalline diffraction line. You may have.
  • the strongest intensity of crystalline diffraction lines seen from 2 ° to 40 ° to 70 ° is 100 times the diffraction line intensity at the peak of the broad scattering band seen from 2 ° to 20 °. It is preferable that it is 5 times or less, and it is particularly preferable not to have a crystalline diffraction line.
  • amorphous metal oxides and chalcogenides are more preferable, and elements in groups 13 (IIIB) to 15 (VB) of the periodic table are preferable.
  • oxides and chalcogenides composed of one kind of Al, Ga, Si, Sn, Ge, Pb, Sb, Bi or a combination of two or more kinds thereof.
  • preferable amorphous oxides and chalcogenides include, for example, Ga 2 O 3 , SiO, GeO, SnO, SnO 2 , PbO, PbO 2 , Pb 2 O 3 , Pb 2 O 4 , Pb 3 O 4 , Sb 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 4 , Sb 2 O 5 , Bi 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 4 , SnSiO 3 , GeS, SnS, SnS 2 , PbS, PbS 2 , Sb 2 S 3 , Sb 2 S 5 , such as SnSiS 3 may preferably be mentioned. Moreover, these may be a complex oxide with lithium oxide, for example, Li 2 SnO 2 .
  • the negative electrode active material contains a titanium atom. More specifically, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (lithium titanate [LTO]) is excellent in rapid charge / discharge characteristics due to small volume fluctuations during the insertion and release of lithium ions, and the deterioration of the electrodes is suppressed, and the lithium ion secondary This is preferable in that the battery life can be improved.
  • Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 lithium titanate [LTO]
  • the average particle size of the negative electrode active material is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m.
  • a normal pulverizer or classifier is used.
  • a mortar, a ball mill, a sand mill, a vibrating ball mill, a satellite ball mill, a planetary ball mill, a swirling air flow type jet mill or a sieve is preferably used.
  • wet pulverization in the presence of water or an organic solvent such as methanol can be performed as necessary.
  • classification is preferably performed.
  • the classification method is not particularly limited, and a sieve, an air classifier, or the like can be used as necessary. Classification can be used both dry and wet.
  • the chemical formula of the carbonaceous material obtained by firing the above various synthetic resins can be calculated from the mass difference between the powders before and after firing as an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectroscopic analysis method as a measurement method.
  • ICP inductively coupled plasma
  • Examples of the negative electrode active material that can be used in combination with the amorphous oxide negative electrode active material centering on Sn, Si, and Ge include carbonaceous materials that can occlude and release lithium ions or lithium metal, lithium, lithium alloys, A metal that can be alloyed with lithium is preferable.
  • At least one negative electrode active material represented by the following formula (B) is included.
  • x represents a number of 0.01 or more and less than 1, and means a mole fraction.
  • M represents a chalcogen element, a metalloid element, an alkali metal element, an alkaline earth metal element, a transition metal element, or a combination thereof.
  • M is preferably a chalcogen element such as O, S or Se, a metalloid element such as B or Ge, an alkali metal element such as Li or Na, an alkaline earth metal element such as Mg or Ca, Ti, V, It can be selected from transition metal elements such as Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu. Further, a combination of two or more of these elements may be used. Of these, chalcogen elements and transition metal elements are preferable, and transition metal elements are more preferable. Among the transition metal elements, the first transition metal element is preferable, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu are more preferable, and Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni are particularly preferable.
  • X is preferably from 0.1 to less than 1, more preferably from 0.1 to 0.99, further preferably from 0.2 to 0.98, particularly preferably from 0.3 to 0.95.
  • the negative electrode active material contains a titanium atom. More specifically, since Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 has a small volume fluctuation at the time of occlusion and release of lithium ions, it has excellent rapid charge / discharge characteristics, suppresses electrode deterioration, and improves the life of an all-solid-state secondary battery. This is preferable.
  • the content of the negative electrode active material is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 80% by mass, and preferably 20 to 70% by mass in 100% by mass of the solid component in the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery. Is more preferable.
  • the negative electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the negative electrode active material layer may contain a conductive additive as necessary.
  • a conductive additive those described below can be used.
  • the surfaces of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material may be coated with another metal oxide.
  • the surface coating agent include a metal oxide that contains Ti, Nb, Ta, W, Zr, Si, or the like and may further contain Li.
  • the surface coating method include the following, which can be appropriately used in the present invention.
  • a positive electrode active material having a coating portion made of a lithium niobate compound formed on the surface of an oxide positive electrode active material is disclosed in JP 2010-225309 A and Non-Patent Document Narumi Ohta et al. , “LiNbO 3 -coated LiCoO 2 as cathode material for all solid-state lithium secondary batteries”, Electrochemistry Communications 9 (2007) 1486-1490.
  • lithium metal acid Li Y X 1 O Z (wherein X 1 is Co, Mn or Ni, and Y and Z are each an integer of 1 to 10).
  • a coating material on the active material surface examples include titanic acid spinel, tantalum-based oxide, niobium-based oxide, and the like.
  • Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , LiTaO 3 , LiNbO 3 , LiAlO 2 , Li 2 ZrO 3 , Li 2 WO 4 , Li JP-A-2008-103280 describes that 2 TiO 3 , Li 2 B 4 O 7 , Li 3 PO 4 , Li 2 MoO 4 , LiBO 2 and the like can be mentioned.
  • An electrode material for an all solid state secondary battery surface-treated with sulfur and / or phosphorus is described in JP-A-2008-027581. Further, lithium chloride may be supported on the surface of the oxide positive electrode active material, as described in JP-A-2001-052733.
  • negative electrode active materials carbonaceous materials, tin, silicon, indium, oxides and sulfides thereof are preferable, and negative electrode active materials containing carbonaceous materials or titanium atoms are more preferable.
  • natural graphite is particularly preferable.
  • a general conductive support agent can be used.
  • graphites such as natural graphite and artificial graphite, carbon blacks such as acetylene black, ketjen black and furnace black, amorphous carbon such as needle coke, vapor-grown carbon fiber and carbon nanotubes, which are electron conductive materials
  • Carbon fibers such as graphene, carbonaceous materials such as graphene and fullerene, metal powders such as copper and nickel, and metal fibers may be used, and conductive polymers such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyacetylene, and polyphenylene derivatives may be used. It may be used.
  • 1 type may be used among these and 2 or more types may be used.
  • acetylene black is preferably used.
  • the particles for the all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention are modified on the surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte particles, the electrode active material particles or the conductive auxiliary particles, and the organic compound groups are supported on the particle surfaces via covalent bonds.
  • the amount of covalent bonds on the particle surface is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10 mol / cm 2 or more.
  • the amount of covalent bonds is preferably 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 9 mol / cm 2 or more, and more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 8 mol / cm 2 or more.
  • the upper limit is not particularly limited but is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 -1 mol / cm 2 or less, more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 -2 mol / cm 2 or less, particularly preferably 1 ⁇ 10 -3 mol / cm 2 or less.
  • the surface covalent bond amount (mol / cm 2 ) means the mass a (g) of an organic compound that is an organic compound group carried on the particle surface per 1 g of the particle, and the mass average molecular weight of the organic compound.
  • Mw mass average molecular weight of the organic compound.
  • S specific surface area S (cm 2 / g) of the solid particle surface are calculated and mean values calculated from the following formula.
  • the organic compound group is bonded to the particle surface activated with actinic rays through a covalent bond.
  • the organic compound group means a group in which an organic compound reacts with the solid particle surface through a covalent bond, and includes a group in which a polymer of the organic compound is bonded as a group.
  • it is an organic compound group in which a functional group on the organic compound and a functional group on the surface of the solid particle form a crosslink reaction to form a covalent bond.
  • the organic compound group By mixing the solid particles after the actinic ray treatment and an organic compound capable of reacting with the solid particles, the organic compound group is supported on the solid particles through a covalent bond.
  • the “mixing” will be described later. Since the organic compound group is supported on the particle through a covalent bond, the organic compound group can be prevented from being separated from the particle by being washed with an organic solvent or the like. The organic compound group does not need to be uniformly supported on the particle surface, and there may be an uncoated portion.
  • the film thickness of the organic compound group supported via the covalent bond is preferably 20 nm or less in order to bond the particles forming the all-solid-state secondary battery with sufficient mechanical strength. More preferably, it is more preferably 5 nm or less.
  • the lower limit is not particularly limited, but is practically 0.1 nm or more.
  • the organic compound used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but the mass average molecular weight is preferably 3,000 or more, more preferably 5,000 or more, and particularly preferably 7,000 or more.
  • the upper limit is preferably 100,000 or less, more preferably 50,000 or less, and particularly preferably 30,000 or less.
  • the organic compound used for this invention is an oligomer or a polymer.
  • the mass average molecular weight is within the above range, adverse effects on battery performance such as ion conductivity and electron conductivity can be minimized while exhibiting high binding properties.
  • the mass mean molecular weight of the said organic compound can be measured as a molecular weight of polystyrene conversion by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The measuring method is based on the measuring method in the examples described later.
  • the organic compound group is an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, an aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, a halogenated aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, or the following formula (1) or (2) Containing at least one kind, preferably at least two of the silica-containing substituents represented by the formula, improves the binding property by entanglement of organic compound groups while suppressing aggregation between particles by steric repulsion Is also preferable.
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group or an aryl group.
  • the alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms may be linear, branched or cyclic.
  • the upper limit of the carbon number is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 or less, more preferably 50 or less, and particularly preferably 30 or less. Specific examples include octyl, dodecyl, heptadecyl, nonadecyl, triacontyl, and stearyl.
  • the alkyl group of the halogenated alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms has the same definition as the alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, and the preferred range is also the same.
  • Examples of the halogen atom of the halogenated alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom, and a fluorine atom is preferable.
  • the aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms may be an aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, and is not limited to being a hydrocarbon, and may contain a hetero atom between carbon-carbon bonds.
  • the aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms is preferably an aryl group having 8 to 50 carbon atoms, more preferably an aryl group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, still more preferably an aryl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, An aryl group having 8 or more and 18 or less is particularly preferable.
  • the aryl group of the halogenated aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms has the same meaning as the aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, and the preferred range is also the same.
  • Examples of the halogen atom of the halogenated alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom, and a fluorine atom is preferable.
  • the alkyl group in R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be any of chain, branched or cyclic, and the carbon number is preferably 1 to 30, more preferably 1 to 25, still more preferably 1 to 18, Is particularly preferred. Specific examples include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, t-butyl, octyl, dodecyl, and stearyl.
  • the alkenyl group in R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be any of chain, branched or cyclic, and the carbon number is preferably 2 to 20, more preferably 2 to 10, and particularly preferably 2 to 8. Examples include vinyl, propenyl, butenyl, and phenylethenyl.
  • the alkynyl group in R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be any of chain, branched or cyclic, and the carbon number is preferably 2 to 20, more preferably 2 to 10, and particularly preferably 2 to 8. Examples include ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, phenylethynyl.
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are preferably all alkyl groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and are preferably methyl groups.
  • the organic compound group used in the present invention preferably forms a crosslinking group at the molecular end.
  • a cross-linking group is formed at the molecular end means that a bond is formed by a cross-linkable group at the end of the longest chain (main chain) of the organic compound and a functional group on the surface of the solid particle. To do.
  • the carbon number of the longest chain is preferably 2 to 100, more preferably 2 to 50, and particularly preferably 2 to 20.
  • the organic compound group used in the present invention for forming a crosslinking group may have a functional group different from the functional group necessary for forming a bond with the functional group on the surface of the solid particle.
  • a group at the molecular end (preferably main chain end) of an organic compound group different from the crosslinking group includes methacryl, acrylic, epoxy, oxetanyl, ethynyl, vinyl group, hydroxy Groups and carboxy groups. Since such a crosslinkable functional group is crosslinked by an external stimulus such as heat or actinic light to form a crosslinkable group, the particles can be bonded to each other, thereby having a three-dimensional crosslinked structure. It is preferable because it exhibits a stronger binding property.
  • the organic compound group used in the present invention is any group of acrylic resin, epoxy resin, amide resin, urethane resin, urea resin, imide resin, or silicone resin. Therefore, it is preferable.
  • the organic compound group is preferably formed by surface graft polymerization in order to reliably form a bond on the particle surface and control the wettability of the surface.
  • the surface graft polymerization in the present invention is a polymerization method based on the surface graft method.
  • active species such as radicals and reactive functional groups are generated on the surface of solid particles by actinic ray treatment, and the polymer is polymerized from the solid particle surface based on the active species, and the polymer is directly bonded to the particle surface.
  • This is a surface modification method to be formed.
  • the monomer a monomer that is usually used for radical polymerization or polycondensation can be used without any particular limitation.
  • radical polymerization monomers include acrylic monomers.
  • the polycondensation monomer include monomers of carboxylic acid dichloride, diisocyanate, carboxylic dianhydride, alkoxysilane, and halogenated silane.
  • the organic compound used in the present invention may be used singly or in combination of two or more. Moreover, the organic compound used in the present invention may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include the substituents described in paragraphs 0019 to 0092 of JP2010-254971A.
  • the solid particle surface can be hydrophilized by exposing the surface of the solid particle to actinic rays and mixing it with the organic compound.
  • mixing with an organic compound does not mean simply mixing solid particles and an organic compound. It means that a reaction is caused on the particle surface to bond the organic compound to the surface of the solid particle through a covalent bond as an organic compound group (copolymerization by formation of a covalent bond and further a chained covalent bond).
  • solid particles exposed to actinic rays are reacted with an acid chloride compound, and the acid chloride compound group is supported on the solid particle surface via an ester bond.
  • the solid particles exposed to actinic rays are reacted with the isocyanate compound to carry the isocyanate compound group on the surface of the solid particles via a urethane bond.
  • Examples include reacting solid particles exposed to actinic rays with an alkoxysilane compound and supporting them on the surface of the solid particles through a siloxane bond.
  • a polymer incorporating an inorganic surface can be obtained by bifunctionalizing the reactive group (functional group).
  • the said surface graft polymerization is mentioned as a method of extending superposition
  • the surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte, the electrode active material, and the conductive auxiliary agent is usually oxidized or contaminated with attached oils and fats, so there are few reaction active surfaces.
  • highly active reactive species such as oxygen radicals, nitrogen radicals, and sulfur radicals can be generated on the surface.
  • oxygen radicals By exposing each radical to moisture in the air, the oxygen radical can be changed to a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, an epoxy group, the nitrogen radical can be changed to an amino group, and the sulfur radical can be changed to a mercapto group.
  • Oxygen radical density can be increased by exposing particles to actinic rays in an oxygen atmosphere.
  • the nitrogen radical density can be increased by exposure to actinic rays in a nitrogen atmosphere.
  • exposure to a sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte with actinic rays in an argon atmosphere tends to cause the cleavage of the SS bond and the generation of sulfur radicals associated therewith.
  • Highly active reactive species can form covalent bonds with organic compounds added later. Since the covalent bond is a strong bond unlike physical adsorption, peeling from the particles can be suppressed, which contributes not only to improving the binding property but also to extending the life of the all-solid-state secondary battery.
  • the organic compound group is supported on the surface of the solid particle through a covalent bond.
  • An example of a covalent bond is shown below. The mixing may be performed in the presence of a reaction accelerator.
  • reaction accelerators include radical polymerization initiators (azo-based initiators, peroxides, etc.), cationic polymerization initiators (sulfonium salts, iodonium salts, etc.), dehydration condensing agents (carbodiimide, diphenyl phosphate azide, BOP).
  • radical polymerization initiators azo-based initiators, peroxides, etc.
  • cationic polymerization initiators sulfonium salts, iodonium salts, etc.
  • dehydration condensing agents carbbodiimide, diphenyl phosphate azide, BOP.
  • Reagents 2-chloro-4,6, -dimethoxytriazine, 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoyl chloride, ketene imine, etc.
  • halogenating agents trichloroacetyl chloride, thionyl chloride, phosphoryl chloride, phosgene, etc.
  • Lewis acid catalyst Alkyl ammonium halide, BBr 3 , tin oxide, bismuth catalyst, etc.
  • acid carbboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, phosphoric acid, HPF 6 , HBF 4 etc.
  • base tributylamine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, imidazole, diazabicyclo
  • the organic compound group used in the present invention is bonded through a linking group containing at least one of an O atom, an N atom, and an S atom from the viewpoint of high affinity with an element present on the particle surface. It is preferably supported on the particle surface.
  • the surface of the solid particles can be implanted (embedded with functional groups) by exposing the solid particles to actinic rays.
  • Preferred examples of the actinic rays in the present invention include infrared rays, microwaves, ultraviolet rays, excimer laser light, electron beams (EB), X-rays, high-energy rays having a wavelength of 50 nm or less (such as EUV), and plasma.
  • the actinic ray is more preferably plasma, and particularly preferably low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma.
  • Plasma is preferably used in that the effect of improving the property is exhibited.
  • the atmosphere for exposing the solid particles to actinic rays is not particularly limited, and may be a vacuum, air, or other gas atmosphere. Nitrogen is preferably present for nitriding the surface.
  • the exposure time is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 second to 24 hours, more preferably 5 seconds to 1 hour, and particularly preferably 10 seconds to 10 minutes.
  • the actinic ray treatment can be performed even when the solid particles are in a powder state or dispersed in a liquid such as a slurry. Furthermore, even if it is the state contained in the apply
  • the plasma used in the present invention may be either vacuum plasma or atmospheric pressure plasma.
  • non-equilibrium plasma jet, low-temperature plasma by AC pulse discharge, powder plasma, in-liquid plasma, torch type plasma, tube plasma, etc. can be used, all using plasma generated under conditions near atmospheric pressure. Is preferred.
  • Various atmospheric pressure plasma devices can be used for plasma irradiation.
  • a device that can generate low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma by performing intermittent discharge while passing an inert gas having a pressure near atmospheric pressure between electrodes covered with a dielectric is preferable.
  • Various modified examples of the plasma apparatus can be selected according to the purpose of use. More specifically, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-60115, an apparatus used for substrate plasma processing, an atmospheric pressure plasma apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-228136, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-21972, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-2007. Examples thereof include plasma apparatuses described in specifications such as 188690 and International Publication No. 2005/062338, International Publication No. 2007/024134, and International Publication No. 2007/145513.
  • atmospheric pressure plasma devices such as ATMP-1000 from Arios Co., Ltd., atmospheric pressure plasma device from HEIDEN LABORATORIES, INC., S5000 type atmospheric pressure low-temperature plasma jet device from SAMURAI Semiconductor Co., Ltd., ASS. -Atmospheric plasma currently on the market, such as powder plasma equipment shown by -400, PPU-800, and SKIp-ZKB, MyPL100 and ILP-1500 from Well Co., Ltd., and RD550 from Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • An apparatus can also be used suitably (all are brand names).
  • the “pressure near atmospheric pressure” in the “low temperature atmospheric plasma” refers to a range of 70 kPa to 130 kPa, preferably 90 kPa to 110 kPa.
  • a rare gas such as He and Ar, which is an inert gas, or nitrogen gas (N 2 )
  • a rare gas such as Ar or He is particularly preferable.
  • plasma treatment may be performed in a batch system or an inline system connected to other processes.
  • the plasma action site is separated from the discharge site, or the local concentration of the plasma (streamer) is suppressed by devising the discharge circuit. It is effective to generate a uniform plasma.
  • the latter is particularly preferable in that a uniform plasma treatment over a large area can be performed.
  • a method in which the plasma generated by the discharge is brought into contact with the surface of the solid electrolyte layer or the electrode active material layer by an inert gas stream is preferable, and a so-called plasma jet method is particularly preferable.
  • the path (conducting tube) for transporting the inert gas containing plasma is preferably a dielectric such as glass, porcelain, or organic polymer.
  • the latter includes a uniform glow in which streamers are suppressed by applying current to an electrode covered with a dielectric via a pulse control element, as described in WO 2005/062338 and WO 2007/024134. A method of generating plasma is preferable.
  • the distance from the supply nozzle of the inert gas containing plasma to the surface of the solid electrolyte layer or the electrode active material layer is preferably 0.01 mm to 100 mm, and more preferably 1 mm to 20 mm.
  • An inert gas may be sufficiently supplied to a region where plasma treatment is performed, or the region may be filled with an inert gas.
  • an inert gas is allowed to flow through the plasma generation site before the plasma is turned on, and the inert gas is allowed to continue even after the plasma is extinguished.
  • the inert gas after the plasma treatment may be exhausted without performing any special treatment because the plasma has a short life, but the inert gas that has been treated by providing an inlet in the vicinity of the treatment region. May be recovered.
  • the temperature at the time of plasma irradiation can be selected arbitrarily depending on the characteristics of the material in the solid electrolyte layer or electrode active material layer irradiated with plasma, but the temperature rise caused by irradiation with low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma is small Is preferable because damage can be reduced. The effect is further improved by separating the plasma application region from the plasma generator.
  • the supply of thermal energy from the plasma can be reduced, and the temperature rise of the solid electrolyte layer or the electrode active material layer can be suppressed.
  • the temperature rise of the solid electrolyte layer or the electrode active material layer due to the plasma irradiation is preferably 50 ° C. or less, more preferably 40 ° C. or less, and particularly preferably 20 ° C. or less.
  • the temperature at the time of plasma irradiation is preferably equal to or lower than the temperature that can be withstood by the material in the solid electrolyte layer or electrode active material layer irradiated with plasma, and is generally ⁇ 196 ° C.
  • the temperature is from 100 ° C to 100 ° C. Furthermore, it is preferably ⁇ 10 ° C. or more and 80 ° C. or less, and more preferably near room temperature (25 ° C.) in an ambient temperature atmosphere.
  • the low temperature atmospheric pressure plasma in this invention means the plasma irradiated at the said 0 degreeC or more and 50 degrees C or less.
  • the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery of the present invention preferably contains a binder.
  • the binder used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is an organic polymer.
  • the binder that can be used in the present invention is preferably a binder that is usually used as a binder for a positive electrode or a negative electrode of a battery material, and is not particularly limited.
  • a binder made of a resin described below is preferable.
  • fluorine-containing resin examples include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), a copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene (PVdF-HFP), and the like.
  • hydrocarbon-based thermoplastic resin examples include polyethylene, polypropylene, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), hydrogenated styrene butadiene rubber (HSBR), butylene rubber, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, polybutadiene, and polyisoprene.
  • acrylic resin examples include poly (meth) methyl acrylate, poly (meth) ethyl acrylate, poly (meth) acrylate isopropyl, poly (meth) acrylate isobutyl, poly (meth) butyl acrylate, poly (meth) ) Hexyl acrylate, poly (meth) acrylate octyl, poly (meth) acrylate dodecyl, poly (meth) acrylate stearyl, poly (meth) acrylate 2-hydroxyethyl, poly (meth) acrylic acid, poly (meth) ) Benzyl acrylate, poly (meth) acrylate glycidyl, poly (meth) acrylate dimethylaminopropyl, and copolymers of monomers constituting these resins.
  • copolymers with other vinyl monomers are also preferably used.
  • examples thereof include poly (meth) acrylate methyl-polystyrene copolymer, poly (meth) acrylate methyl-acrylonitrile copolymer, poly (meth) acrylate butyl-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, and the like.
  • a polycondensation polymer can also be used.
  • the polycondensation polymer for example, urethane resin, urea resin, amide resin, imide resin, polyester resin, and the like can be suitably used.
  • the polycondensation polymer preferably has a hard segment part and a soft segment part.
  • the hard segment site indicates a site capable of forming an intermolecular hydrogen bond
  • the soft segment site generally indicates a flexible site having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of room temperature (25 ⁇ 5 ° C.) or lower and a molecular weight of 400 or higher. These may be used individually by 1 type, or may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
  • the upper limit of the glass transition temperature of the binder is preferably 50 ° C. or lower, more preferably 0 ° C. or lower, and most preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. or lower.
  • the lower limit is preferably ⁇ 100 ° C. or higher, more preferably ⁇ 70 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably ⁇ 50 ° C. or higher.
  • the glass transition temperature (Tg) is measured under the following conditions using a dry sample and a differential scanning calorimeter “X-DSC7000” (trade name, manufactured by SII Nanotechnology Co., Ltd.). The measurement is performed twice on the same sample, and the second measurement result is adopted.
  • Measurement chamber atmosphere Nitrogen (50 mL / min) Temperature increase rate: 5 ° C / min Measurement start temperature: -100 ° C Measurement end temperature: 200 ° C
  • Sample pan Aluminum pan Mass of measurement sample: 5 mg Calculation of Tg: Tg is calculated by rounding off the decimal point of the intermediate temperature between the lowering start point and the lowering end point of the DSC chart.
  • the water concentration of the polymer constituting the binder used in the present invention is preferably 100 ppm (mass basis) or less, and Tg is preferably 100 ° C. or less.
  • the solvent used for the polymerization reaction of the polymer is not particularly limited. It is desirable to use a solvent that does not react with the inorganic solid electrolyte or the active material and that does not decompose them.
  • hydrocarbon solvents toluene, heptane, xylene
  • ester solvents ethyl acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
  • ether solvents tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, 1,2-diethoxyethane
  • ketone solvents acetone
  • Methyl ethyl ketone Methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone
  • nitrile solvents acetonitrile, propionitrile, butyronitrile, isobutyronitrile
  • halogen solvents dichloromethane, chloroform
  • the polymer constituting the binder used in the present invention preferably has a mass average molecular weight of 10,000 or more, more preferably 20,000 or more, and even more preferably 50,000 or more. As an upper limit, 1,000,000 or less is preferable, 200,000 or less is more preferable, and 100,000 or less is more preferable.
  • the molecular weight of the polymer means a mass average molecular weight unless otherwise specified. The mass average molecular weight can be measured as a molecular weight in terms of polystyrene by GPC.
  • GPC device HLC-8220 manufactured by Tosoh Corporation
  • G3000HXL + G2000HXL is used as the column
  • the flow rate is 1 mL / min at 23 ° C.
  • detection is performed by RI.
  • the eluent can be selected from THF (tetrahydrofuran), chloroform, NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone), m-cresol / chloroform (manufactured by Shonan Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and dissolves. If present, use THF.
  • the content of the binder in the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery is 100% by mass of the solid component in consideration of a good interfacial resistance reduction property and its maintainability when used in an all-solid-state secondary battery. 0.01% by mass or more is preferable, 0.1% by mass or more is more preferable, and 1% by mass or more is more preferable. As an upper limit, from a viewpoint of a battery characteristic, 20 mass% or less is preferable, 10 mass% or less is more preferable, and 10 mass% or less is further more preferable.
  • the mass ratio [(mass of inorganic solid electrolyte + mass of electrode active material) / mass of binder] of the total mass (total amount) of the inorganic solid electrolyte and the electrode active material to be included if necessary with respect to the mass of the binder is: A range of 1,000 to 1 is preferred. This ratio is more preferably 500 to 2, and further preferably 100 to 10.
  • the binder used in the present invention is a polymer particle that retains the particle shape.
  • PMMA poly (meth) methyl acrylate
  • PMMA-PMA poly (methyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid) copolymer
  • PMMA-PHM poly (methyl methacrylate-ethyl methacrylate phosphate) copolymer
  • -PHM poly (meth) methyl acrylate
  • the “polymer particles” refer to particles that do not completely dissolve even when added to the dispersion medium described later, and are dispersed in the dispersion medium in the form of particles and exhibit an average particle diameter of more than 0.01 ⁇ m.
  • the shape of the polymer particles is not limited as long as they are solid.
  • the polymer particles may be monodispersed or polydispersed.
  • the polymer particles may be spherical or flat and may be amorphous.
  • the surface of the polymer particles may be smooth or may have an uneven shape.
  • the polymer particles may have a core-shell structure, and the core (inner core) and the shell (outer shell) may be made of the same material or different materials. Moreover, it may be hollow and the hollow ratio is not limited.
  • the polymer particles can be synthesized by a method of polymerizing in the presence of a surfactant, an emulsifier or a dispersant, or a method of depositing in a crystalline form as the molecular weight increases. Moreover, you may use the method of crushing the existing polymer mechanically, and the method of making a polymer liquid fine particle by reprecipitation.
  • the average particle diameter of the polymer particles is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.05 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, further preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 0.2 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the average particle size of the polymer particles used in the present invention shall be based on the measurement conditions and definitions described below.
  • the polymer particles are diluted and prepared in a 20 ml sample bottle using an arbitrary solvent (dispersion medium used for preparation of the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery, for example, heptane).
  • the diluted dispersion sample is irradiated with 1 kHz ultrasonic waves for 10 minutes and used immediately after that.
  • the measurement from the produced all-solid-state secondary battery is performed, for example, after disassembling the battery and peeling off the electrode, then measuring the electrode material according to the method for measuring the average particle diameter of the polymer particles, This can be done by eliminating the measured value of the average particle diameter of the particles other than the polymer particles that have been measured.
  • a commercial item can be used for the binder used for this invention. Moreover, it can also prepare by a conventional method.
  • the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery of the present invention preferably contains a lithium salt.
  • a lithium salt the lithium salt normally used for this kind of product is preferable and there is no restriction
  • the content of the lithium salt is preferably 0 parts by mass or more, more preferably 5 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the solid electrolyte.
  • As an upper limit 50 mass parts or less are preferable, and 20 mass parts or less are more preferable.
  • the composition for all-solid-state secondary batteries of this invention contains a dispersing agent. Since the organic compound group is supported on the particle surface, the wettability with the dispersant is improved, which is preferable from the viewpoint of improving the binding property.
  • the dispersant is preferably composed of a low molecular weight or oligomer having a molecular weight of 200 or more and less than 3000, and at least one selected from the following functional group group (I) and an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms or 10 or more carbon atoms. It is preferable to contain an aryl group in the same molecule.
  • Functional group (I) acidic group, group having basic nitrogen atom, (meth) acryl group, (meth) acrylamide group, alkoxysilyl group, epoxy group, oxetanyl group, isocyanate group, cyano group, mercapto group and hydroxy Base
  • the molecular weight of the dispersant is more preferably 300 or more and less than 2000, and particularly preferably 500 or more and less than 1000.
  • the molecular weight of the dispersant is more preferably 300 or more and less than 2000, and particularly preferably 500 or more and less than 1000.
  • an acidic group for example, carboxy group, sulfonic acid group, phosphoric acid group
  • a group having a basic nitrogen atom (for example, amino group) or a cyano group is preferable, and an acidic group is more preferable.
  • the acidic groups a carboxy group is particularly preferable.
  • the dispersant has an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms or an aryl group having 10 or more carbon atoms.
  • the alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms may be an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms in total, and may be linear, branched, cyclic, or hydrocarbon, and is not limited to a carbon-carbon bond. A hetero atom may be contained in between.
  • the alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms may be unsubstituted, may further have a substituent, and when it has a substituent, the substituent is preferably a halogen atom.
  • halogen atom examples include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom, and a fluorine atom is preferable.
  • the alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms is preferably an alkyl group having 8 to 50 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, still more preferably an alkyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, 8 to 18 alkyl groups are particularly preferred.
  • normal octyl group normal decyl group, normal dodecyl group, normal tetradecyl group, normal hexadecyl group, stearyl group, lauryl group, linol group, linolene group, 2-ethylhexyl group, 2-ethyloctyl group, Examples thereof include 2-ethyldodecyl group, polyethylene glycol monomethyl group, perfluorooctyl group, and perfluorododecyl group.
  • normal octyl group 2-ethylhexyl group, normal nonyl group, normal decyl group, normal undecyl group, normal dodecyl group, normal tetradecyl group or normal octadecyl group (stearyl group) are preferable.
  • alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms has a substituent
  • substituents include an aryl group having 6 or more carbon atoms such as a phenyl group or a naphthyl group, or a halogen atom.
  • an alkyl group substituted with an aryl group or a halogenated alkyl group substituted with a halogen may be used.
  • the aryl group having 10 or more carbon atoms may be an aryl group having a total carbon number of 10 or more, and is not limited to being a hydrocarbon, and may contain a hetero atom between carbon-carbon bonds.
  • the aryl group having 10 or more carbon atoms may be unsubstituted or may further have a substituent.
  • the substituent is preferably a halogen atom.
  • the aryl group having 10 or more carbon atoms is preferably an aryl group having 10 to 50 carbon atoms, more preferably an aryl group having 10 to 30 carbon atoms, still more preferably an aryl group having 10 to 20 carbon atoms,
  • An aryl group of 10 to 18 is particularly preferred.
  • Specific examples include a naphthyl group, anthracenyl group, pyrenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthacenyl group, pentacenyl group, benzopyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, triphenylenyl group, corannulenyl group, coronenyl group, and obalenyl group.
  • a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon group is preferable.
  • the substituent include an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms such as a normal octyl group or a halogen atom.
  • an aryl group substituted with an alkyl group may be used.
  • a particularly preferred combination is a combination having a carboxy group and an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms in the same molecule.
  • a long-chain saturated fatty acid or a long-chain unsaturated fatty acid can be used more suitably.
  • it has two or more groups represented by the functional group (I) in the same molecule, and two or more alkyl groups having 8 or more carbon atoms or two or more aryl groups having 10 or more carbon atoms.
  • the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery of the present invention may contain a dispersion medium. Any dispersion medium may be used as long as it can disperse the above-described components. Specific examples thereof include the following.
  • alcohol compound solvents examples include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, 1-propyl alcohol, 2-propyl alcohol, 2-butanol, t-butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, 1,6-hexanediol, cyclohexanediol, and sorbitol.
  • ether compound solvent examples include alkylene glycol alkyl ether (ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (diglyme), triethylene glycol.
  • alkylene glycol alkyl ether ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (diglyme), triethylene glycol.
  • amide compound solvent examples include N, N-dimethylformamide, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 2-pyrrolidone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, ⁇ -caprolactam, formamide, N-methylformamide, and acetamide. , N-methylacetamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpropanamide, hexamethylphosphoric triamide.
  • amino compound solvent examples include triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, and tributylamine.
  • ketone compound solvent examples include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, and diisobutyl ketone.
  • aromatic compound solvent examples include benzene, toluene, and xylene.
  • the ester compound solvent is, for example, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl formate, propyl formate, butyl formate, ethyl lactate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, methyl isobutyrate, isopropyl isobutyrate, methyl pivalate, isopropyl cyclohexanecarboxylate Is mentioned.
  • Examples of the aliphatic compound solvent include pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, decane, and cyclohexane.
  • nitrile compound solvent examples include acetonitrile, propyronitrile, and butyronitrile.
  • the said dispersion medium may be used individually by 1 type, or may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
  • the dispersion medium preferably has a boiling point of 50 ° C. or higher, more preferably 70 ° C. or higher at normal pressure (1 atm).
  • the upper limit is preferably 250 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 220 ° C. or lower.
  • an alcohol compound solvent preferably t-butanol
  • an ether compound solvent preferably dibutyl ether, propylene glycol dimethyl ether, diglyme
  • an amide compound solvent preferably N, N-dimethylformamide
  • an aromatic compound solvent preferably toluene
  • an ester compound solvent preferably propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
  • an aliphatic compound solvent preferably heptane
  • the dispersion medium comprising an ester compound solvent and a hydrocarbon solvent
  • a hydrocarbon solvent is particularly preferable.
  • the hydrocarbon solvent include the aromatic compound solvent and the aliphatic compound solvent.
  • the water content of the solid electrolyte composition for an all solid secondary battery of the present invention is preferably 50 ppm or less, more preferably 40 ppm or less. 30 ppm or less is more preferable.
  • the lower limit of the moisture content is not particularly limited, but 0.001 ppm or more is practical.
  • the moisture content of the solid electrolyte composition for all-solid-state secondary batteries can be measured by the Karl Fischer method.
  • a trace moisture measuring device CA-200 (trade name, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Analytech Co., Ltd.) may be used as the measuring device, and Aquamicron AX (trade name, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) may be used as the Karl Fischer liquid. it can.
  • Aquamicron AX (trade name, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) may be used as the Karl Fischer liquid.
  • the content of the dispersion medium is preferably 10 to 300 parts by mass, more preferably 50 to 150 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total solid content of the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery.
  • the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector are preferably electron conductors.
  • the positive electrode current collector is preferably made by treating the surface of aluminum or stainless steel with carbon, nickel, titanium or silver in addition to aluminum, stainless steel, nickel, titanium, etc. Among them, aluminum and aluminum alloys are more preferable. preferable.
  • the current collector of the negative electrode is preferably aluminum, copper, stainless steel, nickel, or titanium, and more preferably aluminum, copper, or a copper alloy.
  • the current collector is usually in the form of a film sheet, but a net, a punched one, a lath, a porous body, a foam, a fiber group molded body, or the like can also be used.
  • the thickness of the current collector is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
  • the current collector surface is roughened by surface treatment.
  • the all-solid-state secondary battery may be manufactured by a conventional method. Specifically, the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention is applied on a metal foil as a current collector to form an electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery in which a coating film is formed. .
  • the electrode layer contains an active material. From the viewpoint of improving ion conductivity, the electrode layer preferably contains the inorganic solid electrolyte.
  • the electrode layer preferably contains a binder from the viewpoint of improving the binding between the solid particles, between each layer, and between the electrode active material layer and the current collector.
  • the solid electrolyte layer contains an inorganic solid electrolyte. From the viewpoint of improving the binding between the solid particles and between the layers, the solid electrolyte layer preferably also contains a binder.
  • a solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery of the present invention as a positive electrode material is applied onto a metal foil that is a positive electrode current collector, a positive electrode active material layer is formed, and a positive electrode sheet for an all-solid secondary battery is formed. Make it.
  • a composition for forming a solid electrolyte layer is applied on the positive electrode active material layer to form a solid electrolyte layer.
  • the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention which is a negative electrode material, is applied to form a negative electrode active material layer.
  • coating method of said each composition should just follow a conventional method.
  • the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention for forming the positive electrode active material layer, the composition for forming the inorganic solid electrolyte layer, and the book for forming the negative electrode active material layer The solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the invention may be subjected to a drying treatment after being applied, or may be subjected to a drying treatment after being applied in multiple layers.
  • the drying temperature is not particularly limited.
  • the lower limit is preferably 30 ° C or higher, more preferably 60 ° C or higher, and the upper limit is preferably 300 ° C or lower, more preferably 250 ° C or lower. By heating in such a temperature range, a dispersion medium can be removed and it can be set as a solid state.
  • the all solid state secondary battery of the present invention can be applied to various uses. Although there is no particular limitation on the application mode, for example, when installed in an electronic device, a notebook computer, a pen input personal computer, a mobile personal computer, an electronic book player, a mobile phone, a cordless phone, a pager, a handy terminal, a mobile fax machine, a mobile phone Copy, portable printer, headphone stereo, video movie, LCD TV, handy cleaner, portable CD, mini-disc, electric shaver, transceiver, electronic notebook, calculator, memory card, portable tape recorder, radio, backup power supply, etc.
  • Other consumer products include automobiles, electric vehicles, motors, lighting equipment, toys, game equipment, road conditioners, watches, strobes, cameras, medical equipment (such as pacemakers, hearing aids, and shoulder grinders). Furthermore, it can be used for various military use and space use. Moreover, it can also combine with a solar cell.
  • a solid electrolyte composition for a secondary battery positive electrode or negative electrode composition).
  • Secondary battery electrode sheet [3] An all-solid secondary battery configured using the electrode sheet for an all-solid secondary battery.
  • a method for producing an electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery wherein the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery is applied onto a metal foil to form a film.
  • a method for producing an electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery wherein the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery is coated with a wet slurry.
  • a method for producing an all-solid-state secondary battery wherein an all-solid-state secondary battery is produced via the above-described method for producing an electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery.
  • the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention for example, coating (wet coating, spray coating, spin coating coating, slit coating, stripe coating, bar coating coating) Dip coating), and wet coating (coating) is preferred.
  • An all-solid secondary battery refers to a secondary battery in which the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the electrolyte are all solid. In other words, it is distinguished from an electrolyte type secondary battery using a carbonate-based solvent as an electrolyte.
  • this invention presupposes an inorganic all-solid-state secondary battery.
  • the all-solid-state secondary battery includes an organic (polymer) all-solid-state secondary battery that uses a polymer compound such as polyethylene oxide as an electrolyte, and an inorganic all-solid-state that uses the above-described Li—PS glass, LLT, LLZ, or the like. It is divided into secondary batteries.
  • the application of the polymer compound to the inorganic all-solid secondary battery is not hindered, and the polymer compound can be applied as a binder for the positive electrode active material, the negative electrode active material, and the inorganic solid electrolyte.
  • the inorganic solid electrolyte is distinguished from an electrolyte (polymer electrolyte) using the above-described polymer compound as an ion conductive medium, and the inorganic compound serves as an ion conductive medium. Specific examples include the above-described Li—PS glass, LLT, and LLZ.
  • the inorganic solid electrolyte itself does not release cations (Li ions) but exhibits an ion transport function.
  • electrolyte a material that is added to the electrolytic solution or the solid electrolyte layer and serves as a source of ions that release cations (Li ions) is sometimes called an electrolyte.
  • electrolyte salt When distinguishing from the electrolyte as the above ion transport material, this is called “electrolyte salt” or “supporting electrolyte”.
  • electrolyte salt An example of the electrolyte salt is LiTFSI.
  • composition means a mixture in which two or more components are uniformly mixed. However, as long as the uniformity is substantially maintained, aggregation or uneven distribution may partially occur within a range in which a desired effect is achieved.
  • Li 2 S lithium sulfide
  • P 2 S 5 diphosphorus pentasulfide
  • 66 zirconia beads having a diameter of 5 mm were introduced into a 45 mL container (manufactured by Fritsch) made of zirconia, the whole mixture of lithium sulfide and phosphorous pentasulfide was introduced, and the container was sealed under an argon atmosphere.
  • This container is set in a planetary ball mill P-7 (trade name) manufactured by Frichtu, and mechanical milling is performed at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a rotation speed of 510 rpm for 20 hours to obtain a yellow powder sulfide solid electrolyte (Li-PS system). 6.20 g of glass) was obtained.
  • Teflon (registered trademark, EI DuPont de Nemours & Co.) vat is conditioned with LCO (LiCoO 2 , lithium cobaltate) 20 g in a uniform manner and put into a UV processing apparatus OPL1102 (trade name, manufactured by Mario Network) At room temperature, nitrogen gas was blown into the apparatus for 10 minutes to form a nitrogen atmosphere. This was irradiated with UV for 60 minutes to obtain a surface-treated LCO powder. Further, the surface-treated LCO powder was exposed to moisture in air (room temperature, humidity 50%) for about 3 minutes.
  • LCO LiCoO 2 , lithium cobaltate
  • the surface-treated LCO powder was added to a 100 mL sample bottle, a diluted solution of 50 g of toluene in 1 g of tricosafluorododecanoic acid chloride was added, and the mixture was rotated and stirred at room temperature for 24 hours by a rotor. After stirring, the solution was filtered, and the filtrate was washed with toluene and dried at 100 ° C. for 6 hours to obtain particles YR-11. Note that organic substances that were not covalently bonded to the particles were washed by washing with toluene. Similarly, particles YR-21 and YR-31 shown in Table 1 described later were obtained.
  • the powder of the particle YR-11 was observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM) (trade name: JEM-3200FS (manufactured by JEOL)), and the thickness of the surface-modified portion was measured. It was 6 nm.
  • TEM transmission electron microscope
  • the specific surface area was measured by the BET method as follows. A BET specific surface area was measured by a one-point method using liquid nitrogen using a fully automatic specific surface area measuring device manufactured by Mountec Co., Ltd., trade name “Macsorb HM model-1208”. The specific surface area of LCO was 2.2 ⁇ 10 4 cm 2 / g.
  • the mass of the organic compound that became the organic compound group that modifies the surface of the particle YR-11 was determined by the volatile content in TG / DTA (thermal analyzer DTG-60H, trade name, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). .
  • the mass of the organic compound was 0.003 g per 1 g of particles.
  • EB treatment- [Preparation of Particle YR-12] Acquire 20g of LCO powder in a Teflon bat so that it is uniform, and place it in an EB processing device EC250 / 15 / 180L (trade name, manufactured by I. Electron Beam Co., Ltd.). And surface-treated LCO powder was obtained. Further, the surface-treated LCO powder was exposed to moisture in air (room temperature, humidity 50%) for about 3 minutes.
  • the surface-treated LCO powder was added to a 100 mL sample bottle, and a 50 g diluted solution of 1 g of dodecyl methacrylate in toluene was added thereto, and the mixture was rotated and stirred at room temperature for 24 hours by a rotor. After stirring, the solution was filtered, and the filtrate was washed with toluene and dried at 100 ° C. for 6 hours to obtain particles YR-12. Note that organic substances that were not covalently bonded to the particles were washed by washing with toluene.
  • Irradiation temperature Room temperature (25 ° C)
  • Distance between LCO powder and atmospheric pressure powder plasma device nozzle 100 mm
  • Output 250W
  • the LCO powder after the low-temperature plasma treatment is exposed to moisture in air (room temperature, humidity 50%) for about 3 minutes, it is added to a 100 mL sample bottle, a diluted solution of 50 g of toluene of 1 g of undecene acrylate is added to the rotor, The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. This was filtered, washed with toluene, and dried at 100 ° C. for 6 hours to obtain particles YR-13. Similarly, particles YR-14, particles YR-22 to 24, particles YR-32 to 36, particles YR-41, particles YR-42 and particles YR-51 to 53 shown in Table 1 described later were obtained.
  • LCO LiCoO 2 (lithium cobaltate)
  • LLZ Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (Lithium lanthanum zirconate, average particle size 5.06 ⁇ m, manufactured by Toshima Seisakusho)
  • Li-PS Li-PS system glass AB synthesized above: Acetylene black
  • D-1 Surface-supported tricosafluorododecanoic acid ester group (organic compound: tricosafluorododecanoic acid chloride) (Mw 614)
  • D-2 Surface-supported polydodecyl methacrylate group (organic compound: dodecyl methacrylate) (Mw8900)
  • D-3 Surface-supported polyacrylic acid undecene group (organic compound: acrylic acid undecene) (Mw7500)
  • D-4 Surface-supported poly (methacrylic acid silicone) group (organic compound: silicone methacrylate (Shin-Etsu Silicone x-22-174
  • a solid electrolyte composition slurry for an all-solid-state secondary battery After applying the solid electrolyte composition slurry for an all-solid-state secondary battery to an aluminum foil having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m with an applicator (trade name: SA-201 Baker type applicator, manufactured by Tester Sangyo Co., Ltd.) and heating at 80 ° C. for 1 hour. Further, the dispersion medium was dried by heating at 120 ° C. for 1 hour.
  • an applicator trade name: SA-201 Baker type applicator, manufactured by Tester Sangyo Co., Ltd.
  • the electrode active material layer was pressurized while being heated (150 ° C.) using a heat press machine (600 MPa, 10 seconds), and the electrode sheet S-1 for an all-solid-state secondary battery having an electrode active material layer thickness of 150 ⁇ m. Got.
  • electrode sheets S-2 to S-10 and HS-1 to HS-4 for all solid state secondary batteries were obtained.
  • the usage-amount of a negative electrode active material is 8.0g
  • the usage-amount of a conductive support agent is 0.5g.
  • composition slurry for forming solid electrolyte layer [Preparation of composition slurry for forming solid electrolyte layer]
  • a 45 mL zirconia container manufactured by Fritsch
  • 180 zirconia beads having a diameter of 5 mm were charged, 5 g of a surface-modified inorganic solid electrolyte (particle YR-35), and 10 g of propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate as a dispersion medium.
  • this container was set in a planetary ball mill P-7 (manufactured by Fritsch), and stirring was continued for 2 hours at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a rotation speed of 300 rpm to prepare a composition slurry for forming a solid electrolyte layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer forming composition slurry was applied onto an aluminum foil having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m by an applicator (trade name SA-201 Baker type applicator, manufactured by Tester Sangyo Co., Ltd.), heated at 80 ° C. for 1 hour, The dispersion medium was dried by heating at 120 ° C. for 1 hour. Thereafter, using a heat press, the electrode active material layer was pressurized while being heated (150 ° C.) (600 MPa, 10 seconds) to obtain a positive electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery having a positive electrode active material layer thickness of 150 ⁇ m. .
  • the solid electrolyte layer forming composition slurry is applied onto the positive electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery prepared above by an applicator (trade name: SA-201 Baker type applicator, manufactured by Tester Sangyo Co., Ltd.), and 80 ° C. And then heated at 110 ° C. for 1 hour to form a solid electrolyte layer having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m. Thereafter, the negative electrode active material layer-forming composition slurry prepared above was further applied, heated at 80 ° C. for 1 hour, and further heated at 110 ° C. for 1 hour to form a negative electrode active material layer having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m.
  • an applicator trade name: SA-201 Baker type applicator, manufactured by Tester Sangyo Co., Ltd.
  • An all-solid-state secondary battery electrode sheet HS-5 was obtained in the same manner as the all-solid-state secondary battery electrode sheet S-11 except that the components listed in Table 2 below were used.
  • the amount of the conductive aid used for each slurry is 0.5 g.
  • S-1 to S-11 are all-solid-state secondary battery electrode sheets that satisfy the provisions of the present invention, and HS-1 to HS-5 are all-solid-state secondary battery electrode sheets for comparison.
  • Table 2 the electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery is described as “sheet”.
  • the obtained electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery was subjected to a 180 ° peel strength test (JIS Z0237-2009).
  • An adhesive tape (width 24 mm, length 300 mm) (trade name: Cellotape CT-24, manufactured by Nichiban Co., Ltd.) was attached to the electrode active material layer of the electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery.
  • One end of the electrode sheet was fixed, and an adhesive tape was fixed to the upper jig.
  • the test was carried out at a load speed of 300 mm / min. After the measurement was started, the 25 mm adhesive tape was peeled off, and then the measured adhesive strength value for each 0.05 mm of the 50 mm length peeled from the electrode active material layer was averaged, and the peel adhesive value (average peel strength) (N)). The higher the average peel strength, the higher the binding force.
  • the peel strength was measured by combining a standard type digital force gauge ZTS-5N and a vertical electric measurement stand MX2 series (both trade names, manufactured by Imada Co., Ltd.). For the all-solid-state secondary battery electrode sheets S-11 and HS-5, the above test was performed on the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the electrode sheet for an all-solid secondary battery containing the particles for an all-solid secondary battery of the present invention in which the particle surface is modified with an organic compound group, has high peel strength and binding properties. It is understood that it is excellent. From Table 2 above, it is clear that the all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention has high peel strength and excellent binding properties.

Abstract

Provided is an all-solid secondary battery which includes inorganic solid electrolyte particles having conductivity with respect to ions of a metal belonging to group 1 or group 2 of the periodic table, and electrode active material particles, wherein organic compound groups are supported on the surfaces of the inorganic solid electrolyte particles and/or the electrode active material particles via covalent bonds, and the amount of covalent bonds on the surfaces of the particles is at least 1×10-10 mol/cm2. Also provided are: particles for all-solid secondary batteries; a solid electrolyte composition for all-solid secondary batteries, an electrode sheet for all-solid secondary batteries, and the all-solid secondary battery which use the particles for all-solid secondary batteries; and production methods therefor.

Description

全固体二次電池、全固体二次電池用粒子、全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物および全固体二次電池用電極シートならびにこれらの製造方法All-solid secondary battery, particles for all-solid secondary battery, solid electrolyte composition for all-solid-state secondary battery, electrode sheet for all-solid-state secondary battery, and production method thereof
　本発明は、全固体二次電池、全固体二次電池用粒子、全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物および全固体二次電池用電極シートならびにこれらの製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an all-solid secondary battery, all-solid-state secondary battery particles, all-solid-state secondary battery solid electrolyte composition, all-solid-state secondary battery electrode sheet, and methods for producing these.
　リチウムイオン電池には、電解液が用いられてきた。その電解液を固体電解質に置き換え、構成材料を全て固体にした全固体二次電池とする試みが進められている。無機の固体電解質を利用する技術の利点として挙げられるのが、電池の性能全体を総合した電池の信頼性である。例えば、リチウムイオン二次電池に用いられる電解液には、その媒体として、カーボネート系溶媒など、可燃性の材料が適用されている。リチウムイオン二次電池において様々な安全対策が採られている。しかし、過充電時などに不具合を来たすおそれがあり、さらなる対応が望まれる。その抜本的な解決手段として、固体電解質を採用する全固体二次電池が位置づけられる。
　全固体二次電池のさらなる利点としては、電極のスタックによる高エネルギー密度化に適していることが挙げられる。具体的には、電極と電解質を直接並べて直列化した構造を持つ電池にすることができる。このとき、電池セルを封止する金属パッケージ、電池セルをつなぐ銅線やバスバーを省略することができるので、電池のエネルギー密度が大幅に高められる。また、高電位化が可能な正極材料との相性の良さなども利点として挙げられる。 Electrolytic solutions have been used for lithium ion batteries. Attempts have been made to replace the electrolytic solution with a solid electrolyte to obtain an all-solid-state secondary battery in which all constituent materials are solid. An advantage of a technology that uses an inorganic solid electrolyte is the reliability of the battery that combines the overall performance of the battery. For example, a flammable material such as a carbonate-based solvent is applied as a medium to an electrolytic solution used in a lithium ion secondary battery. Various safety measures have been taken for lithium ion secondary batteries. However, there is a risk of inconvenience during overcharging, and further measures are desired. An all-solid-state secondary battery that employs a solid electrolyte is positioned as a fundamental solution.
A further advantage of the all-solid-state secondary battery is that it is suitable for increasing the energy density by stacking electrodes. Specifically, a battery having a structure in which an electrode and an electrolyte are directly arranged in series can be obtained. At this time, since the metal package for sealing the battery cell, the copper wire and the bus bar for connecting the battery cell can be omitted, the energy density of the battery is greatly increased. In addition, good compatibility with the positive electrode material capable of increasing the potential is also mentioned as an advantage.
　上記のような各利点から、次世代のリチウムイオン電池として全固体二次電池の開発が進められている。例えば、特許文献１には、正極、負極および、硫化物系固体電解質を含む電解質層のいずれかに、架橋構造を有している炭化水素系高分子を含有する固体電池が記載されている。また、特許文献２には、正極、固体電解質層、及び負極を有する全固体二次電池であって、正極、固体電解質層及び負極の少なくともいずれかにグラフトポリマーを含有する全固体二次電池が記載されている。 Because of the above advantages, all-solid-state secondary batteries are being developed as next-generation lithium-ion batteries. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a solid battery containing a hydrocarbon polymer having a crosslinked structure in any one of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte layer containing a sulfide solid electrolyte. Patent Document 2 discloses an all-solid secondary battery having a positive electrode, a solid electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode, wherein the all-solid secondary battery contains a graft polymer in at least one of the positive electrode, the solid electrolyte layer, and the negative electrode. Are listed.
特開２０１４－１１２４８５号公報JP 2014-112485 A 特開２０１１－０１４３８７号公報JP2011-014387A
　特許文献１に記載の発明は、架橋構造を有している炭化水素系高分子を用いて、電極層と固体電解質層との間の密着性の低下を来たすことがないようにして、デンドライトの発生を防止し、サイクル特性の向上を目的としている。しかし、同文献に記載の固体電池は、固体電解質等の固体粒子間の結着性が低く、この結着性の低さは固体電池作製時のハンドリング性等が低いことの要因となる。一方、特許文献２記載の全固体二次電池では、グラフトポリマーをバインダーとして用いているが、固体粒子間のさらなる結着性の向上が望まれる。 The invention described in Patent Document 1 uses a hydrocarbon polymer having a crosslinked structure so as not to cause a decrease in adhesion between the electrode layer and the solid electrolyte layer. It aims to prevent generation and improve cycle characteristics. However, the solid battery described in the document has a low binding property between solid particles such as a solid electrolyte, and this low binding property causes a low handling property when the solid battery is manufactured. On the other hand, in the all-solid-state secondary battery described in Patent Document 2, a graft polymer is used as a binder, but further improvement in binding property between solid particles is desired.
　そこで本発明は、各層中の固体粒子間、各層間および層と集電体との結着性に優れる全固体二次電池を提供することを課題とする。また、本発明は、結着性に優れた全固体二次電池用粒子を提供することを課題とする。また、本発明は、上記全固体二次電池用粒子を含有する、全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物および全固体二次電池用電極シートを提供することを課題とする。さらに本発明は、上記全固体二次電池、全固体二次電池用粒子、全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物および全固体二次電池用電極シートの製造方法を提供することを課題とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an all-solid-state secondary battery having excellent binding properties between solid particles in each layer, between each layer and between the layer and the current collector. Moreover, this invention makes it a subject to provide the particle | grains for all-solid-state secondary batteries excellent in binding property. Moreover, this invention makes it a subject to provide the solid electrolyte composition for all-solid-state secondary batteries and the electrode sheet for all-solid-state secondary batteries containing the said particle | grains for all-solid-state secondary batteries. Furthermore, this invention makes it a subject to provide the manufacturing method of the said all-solid-state secondary battery, the particle for all-solid-state secondary batteries, the solid electrolyte composition for all-solid-state secondary batteries, and the electrode sheet for all-solid-state secondary batteries. .
　本発明者らは鋭意検討した結果、電極活物質、無機固体電解質等の全固体二次電池に含まれる少なくとも１種の固体粒子を活性光線に暴露することにより、固体粒子表面に有機化合物を基として導入し得ること、そしてこの有機化合物基の導入により固体粒子相互の親和性が向上し、全固体二次電池各層中の固体粒子間、各層間および層と集電体との結着性が向上することを見出した。本発明はこの知見に基づきなされたものである。 As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that the surface of the solid particles is based on an organic compound by exposing at least one solid particle contained in an all-solid-state secondary battery such as an electrode active material or an inorganic solid electrolyte to an actinic ray. Introducing the organic compound group improves the affinity between the solid particles, and improves the binding between the solid particles in each layer of the all-solid-state secondary battery, between each layer and between the layer and the current collector. I found it to improve. The present invention has been made based on this finding.
　すなわち、上記の課題は以下の手段により解決された。
＜１＞周期律表第１族又は第２族に属する金属のイオンの伝導性を有する無機固体電解質粒子と、
　電極活物質粒子とを含有する全固体二次電池であって、
　無機固体電解質粒子および電極活物質粒子の少なくとも１種の表面に、有機化合物基が、共有結合を介して担持されており、粒子表面共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である全固体二次電池。
＜２＞上記＜１＞に記載の全固体二次電池であって、
　導電助剤粒子を含有し、
　無機固体電解質粒子、電極活物質粒子および導電助剤粒子の少なくとも１種の表面に、有機化合物基が、共有結合を介して担持されており、粒子表面の共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である全固体二次電池。
＜３＞活性光線により、有機化合物と反応させ、粒子表面の共有結合量を１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上にした＜１＞または＜２＞に記載の全固体二次電池。
＜４＞無機固体電解質粒子が、酸化物系または硫化物系無機固体電解質粒子である＜１＞～＜３＞のいずれか１つに記載の全固体二次電池。
＜５＞有機化合物基が、Ｏ原子、Ｎ原子およびＳ原子の少なくとも１種を含有する連結基を介して粒子表面に担持されている＜１＞～＜４＞のいずれか１つに記載の全固体二次電池。
＜６＞共有結合を介して担持された有機化合物基の膜厚が、２０ｎｍ以下である＜１＞～＜５＞のいずれか１つに記載の全固体二次電池。
＜７＞有機化合物基が、質量平均分子量３０００以上の有機化合物の基である＜１＞～＜６＞のいずれか１つに記載の全固体二次電池。 That is, the above problem has been solved by the following means.
<1> Inorganic solid electrolyte particles having conductivity of ions of metals belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the Periodic Table;
An all solid state secondary battery containing electrode active material particles,
An organic compound group is supported via a covalent bond on at least one surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte particles and the electrode active material particles, and the amount of particle surface covalent bonds is 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2 or more. All-solid secondary battery.
<2> The all-solid-state secondary battery according to <1> above,
Containing conductive aid particles,
An organic compound group is supported via a covalent bond on at least one surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte particle, the electrode active material particle, and the conductive additive particle, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 mol. All-solid-state secondary battery that is / cm 2 or more.
<3> The all-solid-state secondary battery according to <1> or <2>, which is reacted with an organic compound with an actinic ray and has a particle surface covalent bond amount of 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2 or more.
<4> The all-solid-state secondary battery according to any one of <1> to <3>, wherein the inorganic solid electrolyte particles are oxide-based or sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte particles.
<5> The organic compound group according to any one of <1> to <4>, wherein the organic compound group is supported on the particle surface via a linking group containing at least one of an O atom, an N atom, and an S atom. All-solid secondary battery.
<6> The all-solid-state secondary battery according to any one of <1> to <5>, wherein the film thickness of the organic compound group supported via a covalent bond is 20 nm or less.
<7> The all-solid-state secondary battery according to any one of <1> to <6>, wherein the organic compound group is a group of an organic compound having a mass average molecular weight of 3000 or more.
＜８＞有機化合物基が、炭素数８以上のアルキル基、炭素数８以上のハロゲン化アルキル基、炭素数８以上のアリール基、炭素数８以上のハロゲン化アリール基または下記式（１）もしくは（２）で表されるシリカ含有置換基の少なくとも１種を分子内に含有する＜１＞～＜７＞のいずれか１つに記載の全固体二次電池。
　　　　―Ｓｉ（Ｒ１）（Ｒ２）－Ｏ－　　　　（１）
　　　　―Ｓｉ（Ｒ３）（－Ｏ－）－Ｏ－　　（２）
　Ｒ１、Ｒ２およびＲ３は、各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基またはアリール基を示す。 <8> The organic compound group is an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, an aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, a halogenated aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, the following formula (1) or The all solid state secondary battery according to any one of <1> to <7>, wherein the molecule contains at least one of the silica-containing substituents represented by (2).
—Si (R 1 ) (R 2 ) —O— (1)
—Si (R 3 ) (— O —) — O— (2)
R 1 , R 2 and R 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group or an aryl group.
＜９＞有機化合物基が分子末端部で架橋基を形成している＜１＞～＜８＞のいずれか１つに記載の全固体二次電池。
＜１０＞有機化合物基がアクリル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、アミド樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、ウレア樹脂、イミド樹脂またはシリコーン樹脂のいずれかの基である＜１＞～＜９＞のいずれか１つに記載の全固体二次電池。
＜１１＞有機化合物基が、表面開始グラフト重合結合体の基である＜１＞～＜１０＞のいずれか１つに記載の全固体二次電池。
＜１２＞粒子表面を活性光線に暴露し、暴露後の粒子を有機化合物と混合し、有機化合物基を粒子表面に共有結合を介して担持させ、粒子表面の共有結合量を１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上にする工程を含む＜１＞～＜１１＞のいずれか１つに記載の全固体二次電池の製造方法。
＜１３＞活性光線が窒素、酸素、水素、二酸化炭素、アンモニア、ヘリウムおよびアルゴンのいずれかのガス、またはこれらの２種以上の混合ガスから生じるプラズマである＜１２＞に記載の全固体二次電池の製造方法。
＜１４＞プラズマが低温大気圧プラズマである＜１３＞に記載の全固体二次電池の製造方法。 <9> The all-solid-state secondary battery according to any one of <1> to <8>, wherein the organic compound group forms a crosslinking group at the molecular end.
<10> All the organic compound groups according to any one of <1> to <9>, wherein the organic compound group is any group of an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, an amide resin, a urethane resin, a urea resin, an imide resin, or a silicone resin Solid secondary battery.
<11> The all-solid-state secondary battery according to any one of <1> to <10>, wherein the organic compound group is a group of a surface-initiated graft polymerization conjugate.
<12> The particle surface is exposed to actinic rays, the exposed particles are mixed with an organic compound, and an organic compound group is supported on the particle surface via a covalent bond, so that the amount of covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 The method for producing an all-solid-state secondary battery according to any one of <1> to <11>, including a step of making mol / cm 2 or more.
<13> The all-solid secondary according to <12>, wherein the actinic ray is a plasma generated from any gas of nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, ammonia, helium and argon, or a mixed gas of two or more thereof. Battery manufacturing method.
<14> The method for producing an all solid state secondary battery according to <13>, wherein the plasma is low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma.
＜１５＞周期律表第１族又は第２族に属する金属のイオンの伝導性を有する無機固体電解質粒子、導電助剤粒子または電極活物質粒子であって、
　無機固体電解質粒子および電極活物質粒子の少なくとも１種の表面に、有機化合物基が、共有結合を介して担持されており、粒子表面の共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である全固体二次電池用粒子。
＜１６＞粒子表面を活性光線に暴露し、暴露後の粒子を有機化合物と混合し、有機化合物基を粒子表面に共有結合を介して担持させ、粒子表面の共有結合量を１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上にする工程を含む＜１５＞に記載の全固体二次電池用粒子の製造方法。
＜１７＞周期律表第１族又は第２族に属する金属のイオンの伝導性を有する無機固体電解質粒子および電極活物質粒子を含有する全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物であって、
　無機固体電解質粒子および電極活物質粒子の少なくとも１種の表面に、有機化合物基が、共有結合を介して担持されており、粒子表面の共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である＜１＞～＜１１＞のいずれか１つに記載の全固体二次電池に用いられる全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物。
＜１８＞上記＜１７＞に記載の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物であって、
　導電助剤粒子を含有し、
　無機固体電解質粒子、電極活物質粒子および導電助剤粒子の少なくとも１種の表面に、有機化合物基が、共有結合を介して担持されており、粒子表面の共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物。
＜１９＞粒子表面を活性光線に暴露し、有機化合物と反応させ、有機化合物基を粒子表面に共有結合を介して担持させ、粒子表面の共有結合量を１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上にする工程を含む＜１７＞または＜１８＞に記載の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物の製造方法。 <15> Inorganic solid electrolyte particles, conductive assistant particles or electrode active material particles having conductivity of ions of metals belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the Periodic Table,
An organic compound group is supported via a covalent bond on at least one surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte particle and the electrode active material particle, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2 or more. Certain all-solid-state secondary battery particles.
<16> The particle surface is exposed to actinic rays, the exposed particles are mixed with an organic compound, and an organic compound group is supported on the particle surface via a covalent bond, so that the amount of covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10. The manufacturing method of the particle for all-solid-state secondary batteries as described in <15> including the process made into mol / cm < 2 > or more.
<17> A solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery containing inorganic solid electrolyte particles and electrode active material particles having conductivity of metal ions belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the Periodic Table,
An organic compound group is supported via a covalent bond on at least one surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte particle and the electrode active material particle, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2 or more. A solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery, which is used for an all-solid secondary battery according to any one of <1> to <11>.
<18> The solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery according to <17>,
Containing conductive aid particles,
An organic compound group is supported via a covalent bond on at least one surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte particle, the electrode active material particle, and the conductive additive particle, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 mol. Solid electrolyte composition for all-solid-state secondary battery that is / cm 2 or more.
<19> The particle surface is exposed to actinic rays, reacted with an organic compound, and an organic compound group is supported on the particle surface via a covalent bond, and the amount of covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2 or more The manufacturing method of the solid electrolyte composition for all-solid-state secondary batteries as described in <17> or <18> including the process to make.
＜２０＞上記＜１＞～＜１１＞のいずれか１つに記載の全固体二次電池に用いられる全固体二次電池用電極シートであって、
　周期律表第１族又は第２族に属する金属のイオンの伝導性を有する無機固体電解質粒子と、
　電極活物質粒子とを含有し、
　無機固体電解質粒子および電極活物質粒子の少なくとも１種の表面に、有機化合物基が、共有結合を介して担持されており、粒子表面の共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である全固体二次電池用電極シート。
＜２１＞上記＜２０＞に記載の全固体二次電池用電極シートであって、
　導電助剤粒子を含有し、
　無機固体電解質粒子、電極活物質粒子および導電助剤粒子の少なくとも１種の表面に、有機化合物基が、共有結合を介して担持されており、粒子表面の共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である全固体二次電池用電極シート。
＜２２＞下記工程［１］および［２］をこの順に含む＜２０＞に記載の全固体二次電池用電極シートの製造方法。
［１］周期律表第１族又は第２族に属する金属のイオンの伝導性を有する無機固体電解質粒子および電極活物質粒子を含有する固体電解質組成物を塗工する工程
［２］固体電解質組成物に活性光線を照射後、有機化合物と混合することにより、有機化合物基を粒子表面に共有結合を介して担持させ、粒子表面の共有結合量を１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上にする工程
＜２３＞下記工程［１］および［２］をこの順に含む＜２１＞に記載の全固体二次電池用電極シートの製造方法。
［１］周期律表第１族又は第２族に属する金属のイオンの伝導性を有する無機固体電解質粒子、電極活物質粒子および導電助剤粒子を含有する固体電解質組成物を塗工する工程
［２］固体電解質組成物に活性光線を照射後、有機化合物と混合することにより、有機化合物基を粒子表面に共有結合を介して担持させ、粒子表面の共有結合量を１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上にする工程 <20> An electrode sheet for an all-solid secondary battery used for the all-solid secondary battery according to any one of <1> to <11> above,
Inorganic solid electrolyte particles having conductivity of ions of metals belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the Periodic Table;
Containing electrode active material particles,
An organic compound group is supported via a covalent bond on at least one surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte particle and the electrode active material particle, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2 or more. An electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery.
<21> The electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery according to <20> above,
Containing conductive aid particles,
An organic compound group is supported via a covalent bond on at least one surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte particle, the electrode active material particle, and the conductive additive particle, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 mol. An electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery that is / cm 2 or more.
<22> The method for producing an electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery according to <20>, comprising the following steps [1] and [2] in this order.
[1] A step of applying a solid electrolyte composition containing inorganic solid electrolyte particles and electrode active material particles having conductivity of metal ions belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the periodic table [2] Solid electrolyte composition After irradiating the material with actinic rays, the organic compound group is supported on the particle surface via a covalent bond by mixing with an organic compound, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2 or more. Step <23> The method for producing an electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery according to <21>, comprising the following steps [1] and [2] in this order.
[1] A step of applying a solid electrolyte composition containing inorganic solid electrolyte particles having conductivity of metal ions belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the periodic table, electrode active material particles, and conductive auxiliary particles [ 2] After irradiating the solid electrolyte composition with actinic rays and then mixing with an organic compound, the organic compound group is supported on the particle surface via a covalent bond, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 mol / The process of making it cm 2 or more
　本発明の説明において、「～」を用いて表される数値範囲は、「～」の前後に記載される数値を下限値及び上限値として含む範囲を意味する。
　本発明の説明において、「アクリル」または「（メタ）アクリル」と記載するときは、メタアクリルおよびアクリルの両方を含む意味で使用する。 In the description of the present invention, a numerical range expressed using “to” means a range including numerical values described before and after “to” as a lower limit value and an upper limit value.
In the description of the present invention, when “acryl” or “(meth) acryl” is described, it is used in the meaning including both methacryl and acryl.
　本発明の全固体二次電池は、各層中の固体粒子間、各層間および層と集電体との結着性に優れる。本発明の全固体二次電池用粒子は、結着性に優れる。また、本発明の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物は、全固体二次電池の作製に用いることにより、全固体二次電池の各層中の固体粒子間、各層間および層と集電体との結着性を高めることができる。また、本発明の全固体二次電池用電極シートは、全固体二次電池に用いることにより、全固体二次電池の各層中の固体粒子間、各層間および層と集電体との結着性を高めることができる。さらに、本発明の製造方法により、上記全固体二次電池、全固体二次電池用粒子、全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物および全固体二次電池用電極シートを製造することができる。
　本発明の上記及び他の特徴及び利点は、適宜添付の図面を参照して、下記の記載からより明らかになるであろう。 The all solid state secondary battery of the present invention is excellent in the binding property between solid particles in each layer, between each layer and between the layer and the current collector. The particles for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention are excellent in binding properties. Further, the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery of the present invention is used for the production of an all-solid secondary battery, so that the solid particles in each layer of the all-solid secondary battery, the respective layers, the layers and the current collector The binding property can be improved. In addition, the electrode sheet for an all-solid secondary battery of the present invention is used for an all-solid-state secondary battery, thereby binding between solid particles in each layer of the all-solid-state secondary battery, between each layer and between the layer and the current collector. Can increase the sex. Furthermore, the production method of the present invention makes it possible to produce the all-solid secondary battery, the all-solid-state secondary battery particles, the all-solid-state secondary battery solid electrolyte composition, and the all-solid-state secondary battery electrode sheet.
The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description, with reference where appropriate to the accompanying drawings.
本発明の好ましい実施形態に係る全固体二次電池を模式化して示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows typically the all-solid-state secondary battery which concerns on preferable embodiment of this invention.
＜好ましい実施形態＞
　図１は、本発明の好ましい実施形態に係る全固体二次電池（リチウムイオン二次電池）を模式化して示す断面図である。本実施形態の全固体二次電池１０は、負極側からみて、負極集電体１、負極活物質層２、固体電解質層３、正極活物質層４、正極集電体５を、この順に有する。各層はそれぞれ接触しており、積層した構造をとっている。このような構造を採用することで、充電時には、負極側に電子（ｅ－）が供給され、そこにリチウムイオン（Ｌｉ＋）が蓄積される。一方、放電時には、負極に蓄積されたリチウムイオン（Ｌｉ＋）が正極側に戻され、作動部位６に電子が供給される。図示した例では、作動部位６に電球を採用しており、放電によりこれが点灯するようにされている。本発明の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物は、上記負極活物質層、正極活物質層、固体電解質層の成形材料として好ましく用いることができる。 <Preferred embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an all solid state secondary battery (lithium ion secondary battery) according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The all-solid-state secondary battery 10 of this embodiment has a negative electrode current collector 1, a negative electrode active material layer 2, a solid electrolyte layer 3, a positive electrode active material layer 4, and a positive electrode current collector 5 in this order as viewed from the negative electrode side. . Each layer is in contact with each other and has a laminated structure. By adopting such a structure, at the time of charging, electrons (e − ) are supplied to the negative electrode side, and lithium ions (Li + ) are accumulated therein. On the other hand, at the time of discharge, lithium ions (Li + ) accumulated in the negative electrode are returned to the positive electrode side, and electrons are supplied to the working part 6. In the example shown in the figure, a light bulb is adopted as the operation part 6 and is turned on by discharge. The solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention can be preferably used as a molding material for the negative electrode active material layer, the positive electrode active material layer, and the solid electrolyte layer.
　正極活物質層４、固体電解質層３、負極活物質層２の厚さは特に限定されない。なお、一般的な電池の寸法を考慮すると、１０～１，０００μｍが好ましく、２０μｍ以上５００μｍ未満がより好ましい。本発明の全固体二次電池においては、正極活物質層４、固体電解質層３および負極活物質層２の少なくとも１層の厚さが、５０μｍ以上５００μｍ未満であることがさらに好ましい。
　本明細書において、正極活物質層と負極活物質層をあわせて電極層と称することがある。また、本発明に用いることができる電極活物質は、正極活物質層に含有される正極活物質と、負極活物質層に含有される負極活物質があり、いずれかまたは両方を合わせて示すのに単に活物質または電極活物質と称することがある。 The thicknesses of the positive electrode active material layer 4, the solid electrolyte layer 3, and the negative electrode active material layer 2 are not particularly limited. In consideration of general battery dimensions, the thickness is preferably 10 to 1,000 μm, more preferably 20 μm or more and less than 500 μm. In the all solid state secondary battery of the present invention, it is more preferable that the thickness of at least one of the positive electrode active material layer 4, the solid electrolyte layer 3, and the negative electrode active material layer 2 is 50 μm or more and less than 500 μm.
In this specification, the positive electrode active material layer and the negative electrode active material layer may be collectively referred to as an electrode layer. The electrode active material that can be used in the present invention includes a positive electrode active material contained in the positive electrode active material layer and a negative electrode active material contained in the negative electrode active material layer. May be simply referred to as an active material or an electrode active material.
　以下、本発明の全固体二次電池の製造に好適に用いることができる、本発明の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物から説明する。 Hereinafter, the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery of the present invention that can be suitably used for the production of the all-solid secondary battery of the present invention will be described.
＜全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物＞
　本発明の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物は、周期律表第１族又は第２族に属する金属のイオンの伝導性を有する無機固体電解質粒子および電極活物質粒子を含む。また、本発明の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物は、導電助剤粒子を含むことが好ましい。
　ここで、本発明の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物において、上記無機固体電解質粒子および上記電極活物質粒子の少なくとも１種の表面に、有機化合物基が、共有結合を介して担持されており、粒子表面の共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である。また、本発明の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物が導電助剤粒子を含む場合、上記無機固体電解質粒子、上記電極活物質粒子および上記導電助剤粒子の少なくとも１種の表面に、有機化合物基が、共有結合を介して担持されており、粒子表面の共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である。
　以下、上記共有結合量で有機化合物基を担持する無機固体電解質粒子、上記共有結合量で有機化合物基を担持する電極活物質粒子および上記共有結合量で有機化合物基を担持する導電助剤粒子を本発明の全固体二次電池用粒子または単に粒子と称することもある。
　なお、以下、無機固体電解質粒子を無機固体電解質と、電極活物質粒子を電極活物質と、導電助剤粒子を導電助剤と称することもある。
　また、有機化合物基を担持していない、無機固体電解質粒子、電極活物質粒子および導電助剤粒子を固体粒子と称することもある。 <Solid electrolyte composition for all-solid-state secondary battery>
The solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention includes inorganic solid electrolyte particles and electrode active material particles having conductivity of metal ions belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the periodic table. Moreover, it is preferable that the solid electrolyte composition for all-solid-state secondary batteries of this invention contains a conductive support agent particle.
Here, in the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention, an organic compound group is supported on a surface of at least one of the inorganic solid electrolyte particles and the electrode active material particles via a covalent bond. The amount of covalent bonds on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2 or more. Further, when the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention contains conductive aid particles, an organic substance is formed on at least one surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte particles, the electrode active material particles, and the conductive aid particles. The compound group is supported via a covalent bond, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2 or more.
Hereinafter, inorganic solid electrolyte particles carrying an organic compound group with the above-mentioned covalent bond amount, electrode active material particles carrying an organic compound group with the above-mentioned covalent bond amount, and conductive assistant particles carrying an organic compound group with the above-mentioned covalent bond amount The particles for the all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention may be referred to simply as particles.
Hereinafter, the inorganic solid electrolyte particles may be referred to as inorganic solid electrolytes, the electrode active material particles may be referred to as electrode active materials, and the conductive aid particles may be referred to as conductive aids.
In addition, inorganic solid electrolyte particles, electrode active material particles, and conductive additive particles that do not carry an organic compound group may be referred to as solid particles.
（無機固体電解質）
　無機固体電解質とは、無機の固体電解質のことであり、固体電解質とは、その内部においてイオンを移動させることができる固体のことである。
　有機物すなわち炭素原子を含まないことから、有機固体電解質（ポリエチレンオキシド（ＰＥＯ）などに代表される高分子電解質、リチウムビス（トリフルオロメタンスルホニル）イミド（ＬｉＴＦＳＩ）などに代表される有機電解質塩）とは明確に区別される。また、無機固体電解質は定常状態では固体であるため、カチオンおよびアニオンが解離または遊離しておらず電解液やポリマー中でカチオンおよびアニオンが解離または遊離している無機電解質塩（ＬｉＰＦ６、ＬｉＢＦ４、リチウムビス（フルオロスルホニル）イミド（ＬｉＦＳＩ）、ＬｉＣｌなど）とも明確に区別される。無機固体電解質は周期律表第１族または第２族に属する金属元素のイオンの伝導性を有するものであれば特に限定されず電子伝導性を有さないものが一般的である。 (Inorganic solid electrolyte)
The inorganic solid electrolyte is an inorganic solid electrolyte, and the solid electrolyte is a solid capable of moving ions inside thereof.
Organic solid electrolytes (polymer electrolytes typified by polyethylene oxide (PEO) and the like, organic electrolyte salts typified by lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI) and the like) because they do not contain organic substances, that is, carbon atoms Clearly distinguished. In addition, since the inorganic solid electrolyte is solid in a steady state, the cation and the anion are not dissociated or released, and the cation and the anion are dissociated or released in the electrolyte or polymer (LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 And lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide (LiFSI), LiCl, etc.). The inorganic solid electrolyte is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity of ions of metal elements belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the periodic table, and generally does not have electron conductivity.
　本発明においては、全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物に無機固体電解質を含有させる。なかでも、周期律表第１族または第２族に属する金属元素のイオンの伝導性を有する無機固体電解質を含有させることが好ましい。上記無機固体電解質は、この種の製品に常用される固体電解質材料を適宜選定して用いることができる。無機固体電解質は（ｉ）硫化物系無機固体電解質と（ｉｉ）酸化物系無機固体電解質が代表例として挙げられる。 In the present invention, the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery includes an inorganic solid electrolyte. Especially, it is preferable to contain the inorganic solid electrolyte which has the conductivity of the ion of the metal element which belongs to periodic table group 1 or 2 group. As the inorganic solid electrolyte, a solid electrolyte material commonly used for this type of product can be appropriately selected and used. Typical examples of inorganic solid electrolytes include (i) sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolytes and (ii) oxide-based inorganic solid electrolytes.
（ｉ）硫化物系無機固体電解質
　硫化物無機固体電解質は、硫黄原子（Ｓ）を含有し、かつ、周期律表第１族または第２族に属する金属元素のイオン伝導性を有し、かつ、電子絶縁性を有するものであれば特に限定されるものではない。例えば下記式（Ａ）で示される組成を満たすリチウムイオン伝導性無機固体電解質である。 (I) Sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte The sulfide inorganic solid electrolyte contains a sulfur atom (S) and has ionic conductivity of a metal element belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the periodic table, and There is no particular limitation as long as it has electronic insulation. For example, it is a lithium ion conductive inorganic solid electrolyte that satisfies the composition represented by the following formula (A).
　ＬｉａＭｂＰｃＳｄＡｅ　（Ａ） Li a M b P c S d A e (A)
　式（Ａ）中、Ｍは、Ｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｓｎ、Ｓｉ、Ｃｕ、Ｇａ、Ｓｂ、Ａｌ及びＧｅから選択される元素を示す。なかでも、Ｂ、Ｓｎ、Ｓｉ、Ａｌ、Ｇｅが好ましく、Ｓｎ、Ａｌ、Ｇｅがより好ましい。Ａは、Ｉ、Ｂｒ、Ｃｌ、Ｆを示し、Ｉ、Ｂｒが好ましく、Ｉが特に好ましい。ａ～ｅは各元素の組成比を示し、ａ：ｂ：ｃ：ｄ：ｅは、好ましくは１～１２：０～１：１：２～１２：０～５を満たす。ａはさらに、１～９が好ましく、１．５～４がより好ましい。ｂはさらに、０～０．５が好ましい。ｄはさらに、３～７が好ましく、３．２５～４．５がより好ましい。ｅはさらに、０～３が好ましく、０～２がより好ましい。 In the formula (A), M represents an element selected from B, Zn, Sn, Si, Cu, Ga, Sb, Al, and Ge. Of these, B, Sn, Si, Al, and Ge are preferable, and Sn, Al, and Ge are more preferable. A represents I, Br, Cl or F, preferably I or Br, and particularly preferably I. a to e represent the composition ratio of each element, and a: b: c: d: e preferably satisfies 1 to 12: 0 to 1: 1: 2 to 12: 0 to 5. a is further preferably 1 to 9, and more preferably 1.5 to 4. Further, b is preferably 0 to 0.5. d is further preferably 3 to 7, and more preferably 3.25 to 4.5. Further, e is preferably from 0 to 3, more preferably from 0 to 2.
　式（Ａ）において、Ｌｉ、Ｍ、Ｐ及びＳの組成比は、好ましくはｂ、ｅが０であり、より好ましくはｂ＝０、ｅ＝０で且つａ、ｃ及びｄの比（ａ：ｃ：ｄ）がａ：ｃ：ｄ＝１～９：１：３～７であり、さらに好ましくはｂ＝０、ｅ＝０で且つａ：ｃ：ｄ＝１．５～４：１：３．２５～４．５である。
　各元素の組成比は、後述するように、硫化物系無機固体電解質を製造する際の原料化合物の配合量を調整することにより制御できる。 In the formula (A), the composition ratio of Li, M, P and S is preferably such that b and e are 0, more preferably b = 0 and e = 0 and the ratio of a, c and d (a: c: d) is a: c: d = 1-9: 1: 3-7, more preferably b = 0, e = 0 and a: c: d = 1.5-4: 1: 3 .25 to 4.5.
As will be described later, the composition ratio of each element can be controlled by adjusting the blending amount of the raw material compound when producing the sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte.
　硫化物系無機固体電解質は、非結晶（ガラス）であっても結晶化（ガラスセラミックス化）していてもよく、一部のみが結晶化していてもよい。 The sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte may be amorphous (glass) or crystallized (glass ceramic), or only part of it may be crystallized.
　Ｌｉ－Ｐ－Ｓ系ガラスおよびＬｉ－Ｐ－Ｓ系ガラスセラミックスにおける、Ｌｉ２ＳとＰ２Ｓ５との比率は、Ｌｉ２Ｓ：Ｐ２Ｓ５のモル比で、好ましくは６５：３５～８５：１５、より好ましくは６８：３２～７５：２５である。Ｌｉ２ＳとＰ２Ｓ５との比率をこの範囲にすることにより、リチウムイオン伝導度を高いものとすることができる。具体的には、リチウムイオン伝導度を好ましくは１×１０－４Ｓ／ｃｍ以上、より好ましくは１×１０－３Ｓ／ｃｍ以上とすることができる。上限は特にないが、１×１０－１Ｓ／ｃｍ以下であることが実際的である。
　本発明では、Ｌｉ－Ｐ－Ｓ系ガラスが好ましく用いられる。 The ratio of Li 2 S to P 2 S 5 in the Li—PS system glass and the Li—PS system glass ceramic is a molar ratio of Li 2 S: P 2 S 5 , preferably 65:35 to 85:15, more preferably 68:32 to 75:25. By setting the ratio of Li 2 S to P 2 S 5 within this range, the lithium ion conductivity can be increased. Specifically, the lithium ion conductivity can be preferably 1 × 10 −4 S / cm or more, more preferably 1 × 10 −3 S / cm or more. Although there is no particular upper limit, it is practical that it is 1 × 10 −1 S / cm or less.
In the present invention, Li—PS glass is preferably used.
　硫化物系無機固体電解質の具体的な化合物例としては、例えばＬｉ２Ｓと、第１３族～第１５族の元素の硫化物とを含有する原料組成物を用いてなるものを挙げることができる。より具体的には、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－Ｐ２Ｓ５、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＬｉＩ－Ｐ２Ｓ５、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＬｉＩ－Ｌｉ２Ｏ－Ｐ２Ｓ５、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＬｉＢｒ－Ｐ２Ｓ５、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－Ｌｉ２Ｏ－Ｐ２Ｓ５、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－Ｌｉ３ＰＯ４－Ｐ２Ｓ５、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－Ｐ２Ｓ５－Ｐ２Ｏ５、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－Ｐ２Ｓ５－ＳｉＳ２、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－Ｐ２Ｓ５－ＳｎＳ、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－Ｐ２Ｓ５－Ａｌ２Ｓ３、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＧｅＳ２、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＧｅＳ２－ＺｎＳ、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－Ｇａ２Ｓ３、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＧｅＳ２－Ｇａ２Ｓ３、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＧｅＳ２－Ｐ２Ｓ５、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＧｅＳ２－Ｓｂ２Ｓ５、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＧｅＳ２－Ａｌ２Ｓ３、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＳｉＳ２、Ｌi２Ｓ－Ａｌ２Ｓ３、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＳｉＳ２－Ａｌ２Ｓ３、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＳｉＳ２－Ｐ２Ｓ５、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＳｉＳ２－Ｐ２Ｓ５－ＬｉＩ、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＳｉＳ２－ＬｉＩ、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＳｉＳ２－Ｌｉ４ＳｉＯ４、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＳｉＳ２－Ｌｉ３ＰＯ４、Ｌｉ１０ＧｅＰ２Ｓ１２などが挙げられる。その中でも、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－Ｐ２Ｓ５、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＧｅＳ２－Ｇａ２Ｓ３、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＬｉＩ－Ｐ２Ｓ５、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＬｉＩ－Ｌｉ２Ｏ－Ｐ２Ｓ５、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＧｅＳ２－Ｐ２Ｓ５、Lｉ２Ｓ－ＳｉＳ２－Ｐ２Ｓ５、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＳｉＳ２－Ｌｉ４ＳｉＯ４、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＳｉＳ２－Ｌｉ３ＰＯ４、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－Ｌｉ３ＰＯ４－Ｐ２Ｓ５、Ｌｉ２Ｓ－ＧｅＳ２－Ｐ２Ｓ５、Ｌｉ１０ＧｅＰ２Ｓ１２からなる結晶質およびまたは非晶質の原料組成物が高いリチウムイオン伝導性を有するので好ましい。このような原料組成物を用いて硫化物系無機固体電解質材料を合成する方法としては、例えば非晶質化法を挙げることができる。非晶質化法としては、例えば、メカニカルミリング法および溶融急冷法を挙げることができ、中でもメカニカルミリング法が好ましい。常温での処理が可能になり、製造工程の簡略化を図ることができるからである。 Specific examples of the compound of the sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte include those formed using a raw material composition containing, for example, Li 2 S and a sulfide of an element belonging to Group 13 to Group 15. . More specifically, Li 2 S—P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—LiI—P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—LiI—Li 2 O—P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—LiBr—P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—Li 2 O—P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—Li 3 PO 4 —P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—P 2 S 5 —P 2 O 5 , Li 2 S—P 2 S 5- SiS 2 , Li 2 S—P 2 S 5 —SnS, Li 2 S—P 2 S 5 —Al 2 S 3 , Li 2 S—GeS 2 , Li 2 S—GeS 2 —ZnS, Li 2 S— Ga 2 S 3 , Li 2 S—GeS 2 —Ga 2 S 3 , Li 2 S—GeS 2 —P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—GeS 2 —Sb 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—GeS 2 —Al 2 S 3 , Li 2 S—SiS 2 , Li 2 S—Al 2 S 3 , Li 2 S—SiS 2 —A l 2 S 3 , Li 2 S—SiS 2 —P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—SiS 2 —P 2 S 5 —LiI, Li 2 S—SiS 2 —LiI, Li 2 S—SiS 2 —Li 4 SiO 4 , Li 2 S—SiS 2 —Li 3 PO 4 , Li 10 GeP 2 S 12 and the like. Among them, Li 2 S—P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—GeS 2 —Ga 2 S 3 , Li 2 S—LiI—P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—LiI—Li 2 O—P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—GeS 2 —P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—SiS 2 —P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—SiS 2 —Li 4 SiO 4 , Li 2 S—SiS 2 —Li 3 PO 4, Li 2 A crystalline and / or amorphous material composition comprising S—Li 3 PO 4 —P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—GeS 2 —P 2 S 5 , Li 10 GeP 2 S 12 has high lithium ion conductivity. Since it has, it is preferable. Examples of a method for synthesizing a sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte material using such a raw material composition include an amorphization method. Examples of the amorphization method include a mechanical milling method and a melt quenching method, and among them, the mechanical milling method is preferable. This is because processing at room temperature is possible, and the manufacturing process can be simplified.
（ｉｉ）酸化物系無機固体電解質
　酸化物系無機固体電解質は、酸素原子（Ｏ）を含有し、かつ、周期律表第１族または第２族に属する金属のイオン伝導性を有し、かつ、電子絶縁性を有するものであれば特に限定されるものではない。
　リチウムイオン伝導性の酸化物系無機固体電解質としてのイオン伝導度は、１×１０－６Ｓ／ｃｍ以上であることが好ましく、５×１０－６Ｓ／ｃｍ以上であることがより好ましく、１×１０－５Ｓ／ｃｍ以上であることが特に好ましい。上限は特にないが、１×１０－２Ｓ／ｃｍ以下であることが実際的である。 (Ii) Oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte The oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte contains an oxygen atom (O) and has ionic conductivity of a metal belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the periodic table, and There is no particular limitation as long as it has electronic insulation.
The ionic conductivity of the lithium ion conductive oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte is preferably 1 × 10 −6 S / cm or more, more preferably 5 × 10 −6 S / cm or more. X 10 −5 S / cm or more is particularly preferable. Is no particular upper limit, but it is practical is 1 × 10 -2 S / cm or less.
　具体的な化合物例としては、例えばＬｉｘａＬａｙａＴｉＯ３〔ｘａは０．３≦ｘａ≦０．７を満たし、ｙａは０．３≦ｙａ≦０．７を満たす。〕（ＬＬＴ）；　ＬｉｘｂＬａｙｂＺｒｚｂＭｂｂ ｍｂＯｎｂ（ＭｂｂはＡｌ、Ｍｇ、Ｃａ、Ｓｒ、Ｖ、Ｎｂ、Ｔａ、Ｔｉ、Ｇｅ、ＩｎおよびＳｎからなる群から選ばれる１種以上の元素である。ｘｂは５≦ｘｂ≦１０を満たし、ｙｂは１≦ｙｂ≦４を満たし、ｚｂは１≦ｚｂ≦４を満たし、ｍｂは０≦ｍｂ≦２を満たし、ｎｂは５≦ｎｂ≦２０を満たす。）；　ＬｉｘｃＢｙｃＭｃｃ ｚｃＯｎｃ（式中ＭｃｃはＣ、Ｓ、Ａｌ、Ｓｉ、Ｇａ、Ｇｅ、ＩｎおよびＳｎからなる群から選ばれる１種以上の元素であり、ｘｃは０≦ｘｃ≦５を満たし、ｙｃは０≦ｙｃ≦１を満たし、ｚｃは０≦ｚｃ≦１を満たし、ｎｃは０≦ｎｃ≦６を満たす。）；　Ｌｉｘｄ（Ａｌ，Ｇａ）ｙｄ（Ｔｉ，Ｇｅ）ｚｄＳｉａｄＰｍｄＯｎｄ（ただし、ｘｄは１≦ｘｄ≦３を満たし、ｙｄは０≦ｙｄ≦１を満たし、ｚｄは０≦ｚｄ≦２を満たし、ａｄは０≦ａｄ≦１を満たし、ｍｄは１≦ｍｄ≦７を満たし、ｎｄは３≦ｎｄ≦１３を満たす。）；　Ｌｉ（３－２ｘｅ）Ｍｅｅ ｘｅＤｅｅＯ（ｘｅは０以上０．１以下の数を表し、Ｍｅｅは２価の金属原子を表す。Ｄｅｅはハロゲン原子または２種以上のハロゲン原子の組み合わせを表す。）；　ＬｉｘｆＳｉｙｆＯｚｆ（ｘｆは１≦ｘｆ≦５を満たし、ｙｆは０＜ｙｆ≦３を満たし、ｚｆは１≦ｚｆ≦１０を満たす。）；　ＬｉｘｇＳｙｇＯｚｇ（ｘｇは１≦ｘｇ≦３を満たし、ｙｇは０＜ｙｇ≦２を満たし、ｚｇは１≦ｚｇ≦１０を満たす。）；　Ｌｉ３ＢＯ３；　Ｌｉ３ＢＯ３－Ｌｉ２ＳＯ４；　Ｌｉ２Ｏ－Ｂ２Ｏ３－Ｐ２Ｏ５；　Ｌｉ２Ｏ－ＳｉＯ２；　Ｌｉ６ＢａＬａ２Ｔａ２Ｏ１２；　Ｌｉ３ＰＯ（４－３／２ｗ）Ｎｗ（ｗはｗ＜１）；　ＬＩＳＩＣＯＮ（Ｌｉｔｈｉｕｍ　ｓｕｐｅｒ　ｉｏｎｉｃ　ｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｏｒ）型結晶構造を有するＬｉ３．５Ｚｎ０．２５ＧｅＯ４；　ペロブスカイト型結晶構造を有するＬａ０．５５Ｌｉ０．３５ＴｉＯ３；　ＮＡＳＩＣＯＮ（Ｎａｔｒｉｕｍ　ｓｕｐｅｒ　ｉｏｎｉｃ　ｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｏｒ）型結晶構造を有するＬｉＴｉ２Ｐ３Ｏ１２、Ｌｉ１＋ｘｈ＋ｙｈ（Ａｌ，Ｇａ）ｘｈ（Ｔｉ，Ｇｅ）２－ｘｈＳｉｙｈＰ３－ｙｈＯ１２（ただし、ｘｈは０≦ｘｈ≦１を満たし、ｙｈは０≦ｙｈ≦１を満たす。）；　ガーネット型結晶構造を有するＬｉ７Ｌａ３Ｚｒ２Ｏ１２等が挙げられる。またＬｉ、Ｐ及びＯを含むリン化合物も望ましい。例えばリン酸リチウム（Ｌｉ３ＰＯ４）；　リン酸リチウムの酸素の一部を窒素で置換したＬｉＰＯＮ、ＬｉＰＯＤ（Ｄは、Ｔｉ、Ｖ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｒ、Ｎｂ、Ｍｏ、Ｒｕ、Ａｇ、Ｔａ、Ｗ、ＰｔおよびＡｕから選ばれる少なくとも１種以上の元素である。）等が挙げられる。また、ＬｉＡＯＮ（Ａは、Ｓｉ、Ｂ、Ｇｅ、Ａｌ、ＣおよびＧａから選ばれる少なくとも１種）等も好ましく用いることができる。
　その中でも、ＬＬＴ、ＬｉｘｂＬａｙｂＺｒｚｂＭｂｂ ｍｂＯｎｂ（ＭｂｂはＡｌ、Ｍｇ、Ｃａ、Ｓｒ、Ｖ、Ｎｂ、Ｔａ、Ｔｉ、Ｇｅ、ＩｎおよびＳｎからなる群から選ばれる１種以上の元素である。ｘｂは５≦ｘｂ≦１０を満たし、ｙｂは１≦ｙｂ≦４を満たし、ｚｂは１≦ｚｂ≦４を満たし、ｍｂは０≦ｍｂ≦２を満たし、ｎｂは５≦ｎｂ≦２０を満たす。）、ＬＬＺ、Ｌｉ３ＢＯ３、Ｌｉ３ＢＯ３－Ｌｉ２ＳＯ４、Ｌｉｘｄ（Ａｌ，Ｇａ）ｙｄ（Ｔｉ，Ｇｅ）ｚｄＳｉａｄＰｍｄＯｎｄ（ただし、ｘｄは１≦ｘｄ≦３を満たし、ｙｄは０≦ｙｄ≦１を満たし、ｚｄは０≦ｚｄ≦２を満たし、ａｄは０≦ａｄ≦１を満たし、ｍｄは１≦ｍｄ≦７を満たし、ｎｄは３≦ｎｄ≦１３を満たす。）が好ましく、ＬＬＺがより好ましい。これらは単独で用いてもよく、２種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。 As a specific compound example, for example, Li xa La ya TiO 3 [xa satisfies 0.3 ≦ xa ≦ 0.7, and ya satisfies 0.3 ≦ ya ≦ 0.7. Li xb La yb Zr zb M bb mb Onb (M bb is one or more selected from the group consisting of Al, Mg, Ca, Sr, V, Nb, Ta, Ti, Ge, In and Sn) Xb satisfies 5 ≦ xb ≦ 10, yb satisfies 1 ≦ yb ≦ 4, zb satisfies 1 ≦ zb ≦ 4, mb satisfies 0 ≦ mb ≦ 2, and nb satisfies 5 ≦ nb. Li xc B yc M cc zc Onc (wherein M cc is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of C, S, Al, Si, Ga, Ge, In, and Sn). , Xc satisfies 0 ≦ xc ≦ 5, yc satisfies 0 ≦ yc ≦ 1, zc satisfies 0 ≦ zc ≦ 1, and nc satisfies 0 ≦ nc ≦ 6); Li xd (Al, Ga) yd (Ti, Ge) zd Si ad P md O nd ( only Xd satisfies 1 ≦ xd ≦ 3, yd satisfies 0 ≦ yd ≦ 1, zd satisfies 0 ≦ zd ≦ 2, ad satisfies 0 ≦ ad ≦ 1, and md satisfies 1 ≦ md ≦ 7. filled, nd satisfies 3 ≦ nd ≦ 13);. Li (3-2xe) M ee xe D ee O (xe represents a number of 0 to 0.1, M ee represents a divalent metal atom D ee represents a halogen atom or a combination of two or more halogen atoms.) Li xf Si yf O zf (xf satisfies 1 ≦ xf ≦ 5, yf satisfies 0 <yf ≦ 3, and zf is 1) Li xg S yg O zg (xg satisfies 1 ≦ xg ≦ 3, yg satisfies 0 <yg ≦ 2, and zg satisfies 1 ≦ zg ≦ 10); Li 3 BO 3; Li 3 BO 3 -Li 2 SO 4; Li 2 O-B 2 O -P 2 O 5; Li 2 O -SiO 2; Li 6 BaLa 2 Ta 2 O 12; Li 3 PO (4-3 / 2w) N w (w is w <1); LISICON (Lithium super ionic conductor) type Li 3.5 Zn 0.25 GeO 4 having a crystal structure; La 0.55 Li 0.35 TiO 3 having a perovskite type crystal structure; LiTi 2 P 3 O 12 having a NASICON (Natium super ionic conductor) type crystal structure Li 1 + xh + yh (Al, Ga) xh (Ti, Ge) 2 -xh Si yh P 3 -yh O 12 (where xh satisfies 0 ≦ xh ≦ 1 and yh satisfies 0 ≦ yh ≦ 1). And Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 having a garnet-type crystal structure. Phosphorus compounds containing Li, P and O are also desirable. For example, lithium phosphate (Li 3 PO 4 ); LiPON, LiPOD (D is Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zr, Nb, in which a part of oxygen of lithium phosphate is replaced with nitrogen And at least one element selected from Mo, Ru, Ag, Ta, W, Pt, and Au. LiAON (A is at least one selected from Si, B, Ge, Al, C and Ga) and the like can also be preferably used.
Among them, LLT, Li xb La yb Zr zb M bb mb Onb (M bb is one or more selected from the group consisting of Al, Mg, Ca, Sr, V, Nb, Ta, Ti, Ge, In, and Sn) Xb satisfies 5 ≦ xb ≦ 10, yb satisfies 1 ≦ yb ≦ 4, zb satisfies 1 ≦ zb ≦ 4, mb satisfies 0 ≦ mb ≦ 2, and nb satisfies 5 ≦ nb. ≦ satisfy 20.), LLZ, Li 3 BO 3, Li 3 BO 3 -Li 2 SO 4, Li xd (Al, Ga) yd (Ti, Ge) zd Si ad P md O nd ( although, xd 1 ≦ xd ≦ 3, yd satisfies 0 ≦ yd ≦ 1, zd satisfies 0 ≦ zd ≦ 2, ad satisfies 0 ≦ ad ≦ 1, md satisfies 1 ≦ md ≦ 7, and nd is 3 ≦ nd ≦ 13) is preferable, and LLZ More preferable. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
　上記無機固体電解質は、１種を単独で用いても、２種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。 The inorganic solid electrolyte may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
　無機固体電解質の平均粒子サイズは特に限定されないが、０．０１μｍ以上であることが好ましく、０．１μｍ以上であることがより好ましい。上限としては、１００μｍ以下であることが好ましく、５０μｍ以下であることがより好ましい。 The average particle size of the inorganic solid electrolyte is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 μm or more, and more preferably 0.1 μm or more. As an upper limit, it is preferable that it is 100 micrometers or less, and it is more preferable that it is 50 micrometers or less.
　無機固体電解質の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物中での含有量は、電池性能と、界面抵抗の低減および維持効果の両立を考慮したとき、固形成分１００質量％において、５質量％以上であることが好ましく、１０質量％以上であることがより好ましく、２０質量％以上であることが特に好ましい。上限としては、同様の観点から、９９．９質量％以下であることが好ましく、９９．５質量％以下であることがより好ましく、９９．０質量％以下であることが特に好ましい。ただし、後述の正極活物質または負極活物質とともに用いるときには、その合計含有量が上記範囲内にあることが好ましい。
　なお、本明細書において固形成分とは、１７０℃で６時間乾燥処理を行ったときに、揮発ないし蒸発して消失しない成分を言う。典型的には、後述の分散媒体以外の成分を指す。また、全固体二次電池および全固体二次電池用電極シート中の固形成分の含有量は、全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物中の固形成分の含有量と同じであることが好ましい。 The content of the inorganic solid electrolyte in the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery is 5% by mass or more in 100% by mass of the solid component when considering both battery performance, reduction in interface resistance and maintenance effect. It is preferable that it is 10 mass% or more, and it is especially preferable that it is 20 mass% or more. As an upper limit, it is preferable that it is 99.9 mass% or less from the same viewpoint, It is more preferable that it is 99.5 mass% or less, It is especially preferable that it is 99.0 mass% or less. However, when used together with a positive electrode active material or a negative electrode active material described later, the total content is preferably within the above range.
In the present specification, the solid component refers to a component that does not disappear by volatilization or evaporation when dried at 170 ° C. for 6 hours. Typically, it refers to components other than the dispersion medium described below. Moreover, it is preferable that content of the solid component in the all-solid-state secondary battery and the electrode sheet for all-solid-state secondary batteries is the same as content of the solid component in the solid electrolyte composition for all-solid-state secondary batteries.
　次に、本発明の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物に用いられる電極活物質について説明する。なお本明細書において、正極活物質層を形成するための全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物を正極用組成物と称することもある。一方、負極活物質層を形成するための全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物を負極用組成物と称することもある。 Next, the electrode active material used in the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery of the present invention will be described. In the present specification, the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery for forming the positive electrode active material layer may be referred to as a positive electrode composition. On the other hand, the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery for forming the negative electrode active material layer may be referred to as a negative electrode composition.
（正極活物質）
　本発明の全固体二次電池の正極活物質層を形成するための正極用組成物に用いられる正極活物質について説明する。正極活物質には可逆的にリチウムイオンを挿入および放出できるものが好ましい。その材料は、特に制限はなく、遷移金属酸化物や、硫黄などのＬｉと複合化できる元素などでもよい。中でも、遷移金属酸化物を用いることが好ましく、遷移金属元素Ｍａ（Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、ＣｕおよびＶから選択される１種以上の元素）を有することがより好ましい。また、混合元素Ｍｂ（リチウム以外の金属周期律表の第１（Ｉａ）族の元素、第２（ＩＩａ）族の元素、Ａｌ、Ｇａ、Ｉｎ、Ｇｅ、Ｓｎ、Ｐｂ、Ｓｂ、Ｂｉ、Ｓｉ、Ｐ、Ｂなど）を混合してもよい。混合量としては、遷移金属元素の量に対して０～３０ｍｏｌ％が好ましい。Ｌｉ／Ｍａのモル比が０．３～２．２になるように混合して合成されたものが、より好ましい。
　遷移金属酸化物の具体例としては、（ＭＡ）層状岩塩型構造を有する遷移金属化合物、（ＭＢ）スピネル型構造を有する遷移金属酸化物、（ＭＣ）リチウム含有遷移金属リン酸化合物、（ＭＤ）リチウム含有遷移金属ハロゲン化リン酸化合物、（ＭＥ）リチウム含有遷移金属ケイ酸化物等が挙げられる。 (Positive electrode active material)
The positive electrode active material used for the composition for positive electrodes for forming the positive electrode active material layer of the all-solid-state secondary battery of this invention is demonstrated. The positive electrode active material is preferably one that can reversibly insert and release lithium ions. The material is not particularly limited, and may be a transition metal oxide or an element that can be combined with Li such as sulfur. Among these, it is preferable to use a transition metal oxide, and it is more preferable to have a transition metal element M a (one or more elements selected from Co, Ni, Fe, Mn, Cu, and V). Further, mixed element M b (elements of the first (Ia) group of the metal periodic table other than lithium, elements of the second (IIa) group, Al, Ga, In, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, Si , P, B, etc.) may be mixed. The mixing amount is preferably 0 to 30 mol% with respect to the amount of the transition metal element. That the molar ratio of li / M a was synthesized were mixed so that 0.3 to 2.2, more preferably.
Specific examples of transition metal oxides include (MA) transition metal compounds having a layered rock salt structure, (MB) transition metal oxides having a spinel structure, (MC) lithium-containing transition metal phosphate compounds, (MD) Examples include lithium-containing transition metal halide phosphate compounds, (ME) lithium-containing transition metal silicates, and the like.
（ＭＡ）層状岩塩型構造を有する遷移金属化合物
　層状岩塩型構造を有する遷移金属化合物は、下記式（Ｂ１）で表される層状岩塩型構造を有する遷移金属化合物（電極活物質粒子）が好ましい。 (MA) Transition metal compound having a layered rock salt structure The transition metal compound having a layered rock salt structure is preferably a transition metal compound (electrode active material particles) having a layered rock salt structure represented by the following formula (B1).
　式（Ｂ１）　Ｌｉａ１Ｍ１Ｏｂ１ Formula (B1) Li a1 M 1 O b1
　式（Ｂ１）において、Ｍ１はＣｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、ＣｕおよびＶからなる群から選択される少なくとも１種を含む金属を表し、ａ１は０～１．２を表し、ｂ１は１～３を表す。Ｍ１は上記混合元素Ｍｂを含んでいてしてもよい。なお、Ｍ１は、下記ＬｉＮｉ０．８５Ｃｏ０．１Ａｌ０．０５Ｏ２のように、複数の金属元素の各元素のモル比の合計が１となるように混合した金属であってもよい（各元素のモル比の合計が０．９９以上となるように混合した金属を含む）。 In the formula (B1), M 1 represents Co, Ni, Fe, Mn, a metal containing at least one selected from the group consisting of Cu and V, a1 represents 0 ~ 1.2, b1 is 1 ~ 3 is represented. M 1 may contain the mixed element M b . M 1 may be a metal mixed so that the total molar ratio of each element of the plurality of metal elements is 1, such as LiNi 0.85 Co 0.1 Al 0.05 O 2 below. Good (including metals mixed so that the total molar ratio of each element is 0.99 or more).
　上記式（Ｂ１）で表される層状岩塩型構造を有する遷移金属化合物の具体例として、ＬｉＣｏＯ２（コバルト酸リチウム［ＬＣＯ］）、ＬｉＮｉＯ２（ニッケル酸リチウム）、ＬｉＮｉ０．８５Ｃｏ０．１Ａｌ０．０５Ｏ２（ニッケルコバルトアルミニウム酸リチウム［ＮＣＡ］）、ＬｉＮｉ０．３３Ｃｏ０．３３Ｍｎ０．３３Ｏ２（ニッケルマンガンコバルト酸リチウム［ＮＭＣ］）、ＬｉＮｉ０．５Ｍｎ０．５Ｏ２（マンガンニッケル酸リチウム）が挙げられる。 Specific examples of the transition metal compound having a layered rock salt structure represented by the above formula (B1) include LiCoO 2 (lithium cobaltate [LCO]), LiNiO 2 (lithium nickelate), LiNi 0.85 Co 0.1. Al 0.05 O 2 (nickel cobalt lithium aluminum oxide [NCA]), LiNi 0.33 Co 0.33 Mn 0.33 O 2 (nickel manganese lithium lithium lithium [NMC]), LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.5 O 2 (lithium manganese nickelate) may be mentioned.
（ＭＢ）スピネル型構造を有する遷移金属酸化物
　スピネル型構造を有する遷移金属酸化物は、下記式（Ｂ２）で表されるスピネル型構造を有する遷移金属酸化物（電極活物質粒子）が好ましい。 (MB) Transition metal oxide having a spinel structure The transition metal oxide having a spinel structure is preferably a transition metal oxide (electrode active material particles) having a spinel structure represented by the following formula (B2).
　式（Ｂ２）　Ｌｉｃ１Ｍ２ ｍ１Ｏｄ１ Formula (B2) Li c1 M 2 m1 O d1
　式（Ｂ２）において、ｍ１は２～８の整数を表し、複数のＭ２は各々独立してＣｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｕ、ＣｒおよびＶからなる群から選択される少なくとも１種を含む金属を表し、ｃ１は０～２を表し、ｄ１は３～８を表す。Ｍ２は上記混合元素Ｍｂを含んでもよい。 In the formula (B2), m1 represents an integer of 2 to 8, and the plurality of M 2 each independently include at least one selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr and V Represents a metal, c1 represents 0 to 2, and d1 represents 3 to 8. M 2 may comprise the mixing element M b.
　上記式（Ｂ２）で表されるスピネル型構造を有する遷移金属酸化物の具体例として、ＬｉＣｏＭｎＯ４、Ｌｉ２ＦｅＭｎ３Ｏ８、Ｌｉ２ＣｕＭｎ３Ｏ８、Ｌｉ２ＣｒＭｎ３Ｏ８、Ｌｉ２ＮｉＭｎ３Ｏ８が挙げられる。 As specific examples of the transition metal oxide having the spinel structure represented by the above formula (B2), LiCoMnO 4, Li 2 FeMn 3 O 8 , Li 2 CuMn 3 O 8 , Li 2 CrMn 3 O 8, Li 2 NiMn 3 O 8 is mentioned.
（ＭＣ）リチウム含有遷移金属リン酸化物
　リチウム含有遷移金属リン酸化物は、下記式（Ｂ３）で表されるリチウム含有遷移金属ハロゲン化リン酸化物（電極活物質粒子）が好ましい。 (MC) Lithium-containing transition metal phosphorous oxide The lithium-containing transition metal phosphoric acid oxide is preferably a lithium-containing transition metal phosphoric acid oxide (electrode active material particle) represented by the following formula (B3).
　式（Ｂ３）　Ｌｉｅ１Ｍ３ ｍ２（ＰＯ４）ｆ１ Formula (B3) Li e1 M 3 m2 (PO 4 ) f1
　式（Ｂ３）において、Ｍ３はＶ、Ｔｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｏ、ＮｉおよびＣｕからなる群から選択される少なくとも１種を含む金属を表し、ｍ２は１～８の整数を表し、ｅ１は０．１～３を表し、ｆ１は１～５を表す。Ｍ３は上記混合元素Ｍｂを含んでもよく、さらに、Ｍ３はＴｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｚｎ、Ｚｒ、Ｎｂ等の他の金属で置換されてもよい。Ｍ３が複数存在する場合、複数のＭ３は互いに同じでも異なってもよい。 In the formula (B3), M 3 represents a metal containing at least one selected from the group consisting of V, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu, m2 represents an integer of 1 to 8, e1 represents 0.1 to 3, and f1 represents 1 to 5. M 3 may include the mixed element M b , and M 3 may be substituted with other metals such as Ti, Cr, Zn, Zr, and Nb. If M 3 there is a plurality, a plurality of M 3 may be the same or different.
　上記式（Ｂ３）で表されるリチウム含有遷移金属リン酸化物としては、例えば、ＬｉＦｅＰＯ４、Ｌｉ３Ｆｅ２（ＰＯ４）３等のオリビン型リン酸鉄塩、ＬｉＣｏＰＯ４等のリン酸コバルト類、Ｌｉ３Ｖ２（ＰＯ４）３（リン酸バナジウムリチウム）等の単斜晶ナシコン型リン酸バナジウム塩が挙げられる。また、本発明においては、リチウム含有遷移金属リン酸化物として、ＬｉＦｅＰ２Ｏ７等のピロリン酸鉄類を用いることもできる。 Examples of the lithium-containing transition metal phosphate represented by the above formula (B3) include olivine-type phosphate iron salts such as LiFePO 4 and Li 3 Fe 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , and cobalt phosphates such as LiCoPO 4. And monoclinic nasicon type vanadium phosphate salts such as Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 (lithium vanadium phosphate). In the present invention, iron pyrophosphates such as LiFeP 2 O 7 can also be used as the lithium-containing transition metal phosphate.
（ＭＤ）リチウム含有遷移金属ハロゲン化リン酸化物
　リチウム含有遷移金属ハロゲン化リン酸化物は、下記式（Ｂ４）で表されるリチウム含有遷移金属ハロゲン化リン酸化物（電極活物質粒子）が好ましい。 (MD) Lithium-containing transition metal halogenated phosphorous oxide The lithium-containing transition metal halogenated phosphoric acid oxide is preferably a lithium-containing transition metal halogenated phosphoric acid oxide (electrode active material particle) represented by the following formula (B4).
　式（Ｂ４）　Ｌｉｇ１Ｍ４（ＰＯ４）ｈ１Ｘｉ１ Formula (B4) Li g1 M 4 (PO 4 ) h1 X i1
　式（Ｂ４）において、Ｍ４はＶ、Ｔｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｏ、ＮｉおよびＣｕからなる群から選択される少なくとも１種を含む金属を表し、Ｘはハロゲン元素を表し、ｇ１は０．１～３を表し、ｈ１は１～５を表し、ｉ１は０．１～５を表す。Ｍ４は上記混合元素Ｍｂを含んでもよく、さらにＭ４はＴｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｚｎ、Ｚｒ、Ｎｂ等の他の金属で置換していてもよい。 In the formula (B4), M 4 represents a metal including at least one selected from the group consisting of V, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu, X represents a halogen element, and g1 represents 0 1 to 3, h1 represents 1 to 5, and i1 represents 0.1 to 5. M 4 may comprise the mixing element M b, further M 4 is Ti, Cr, Zn, Zr, may be substituted by other metals such as Nb.
　上記式（Ｂ４）で表されるリチウム含有遷移金属ハロゲン化リン酸化物としては、例えば、Ｌｉ２ＦｅＰＯ４Ｆ等のフッ化リン酸鉄塩、Ｌｉ２ＭｎＰＯ４Ｆ等のフッ化リン酸マンガン塩、Ｌｉ２ＣｏＰＯ４Ｆ等のフッ化リン酸コバルト類が挙げられる。 Examples of the lithium-containing transition metal halide phosphorus oxide represented by the formula (B4), for example, Li 2 FePO 4 F such fluorinated phosphorus iron salt, Li 2 MnPO 4 hexafluorophosphate manganese salts such as F And cobalt fluorophosphates such as Li 2 CoPO 4 F.
（ＭＥ）リチウム含有遷移金属ケイ酸化物
　リチウム含有遷移金属ケイ酸化物は、下記式（Ｂ５）で表されるリチウム含有遷移金属ケイ酸化物（電極活物質粒子）が好ましい。 (ME) Lithium-containing transition metal silicate The lithium-containing transition metal silicate is preferably a lithium-containing transition metal silicate (electrode active material particles) represented by the following formula (B5).
　式（Ｂ５）　Ｌｉｊ１Ｍ５（ＳｉＯ４）ｋ１ Formula (B5) Li j1 M 5 (SiO 4 ) k1
　式（Ｂ５）において、Ｍ５はＣｏ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｎｉ、ＣｕおよびＶからなる群から選択される少なくとも１種を含む金属を表し、ｊ１は０～３を表し、ｋ１は１～５を表す。Ｍ５は上記混合元素Ｍｂを含んでもよく、さらに、Ｍ５はＴｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｚｎ、Ｚｒ、Ｎｂ等の他の金属で置換していてもよい。 In the formula (B5), M 5 represents a metal containing at least one selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu and V, j1 represents 0 to 3, k1 represents 1 to 5 To express. M 5 may contain the mixed element M b , and M 5 may be substituted with another metal such as Ti, Cr, Zn, Zr, or Nb.
　上記式（Ｂ５）で表されるリチウム含有遷移金属ケイ酸化物としては、例えば、Ｌｉ２ＦｅＳｉＯ４、Ｌｉ２ＭｎＳｉＯ４、Ｌｉ２ＣｏＳｉＯ４等が挙げられる。 Examples of the lithium-containing transition metal silicate represented by the above formula (B5) include Li 2 FeSiO 4 , Li 2 MnSiO 4 , Li 2 CoSiO 4, and the like.
　本発明においては、上記式（Ｂ１）～（Ｂ５）のいずれかで表される電極活物質粒子が好ましく用いられ、上記式（Ｂ１）で表される電極活物質粒子が好ましく、ＬＣＯおよびＮＣＡがより好ましく、ＬＣＯが特に好ましい。 In the present invention, electrode active material particles represented by any of the above formulas (B1) to (B5) are preferably used, electrode active material particles represented by the above formula (B1) are preferred, and LCO and NCA are More preferred is LCO, and particularly preferred.
　本発明の全固体二次電池で使用する正極活物質の体積平均粒子径（球換算平均粒子径）は特に限定されない。例えば、０．１μｍ～５０μｍが好ましい。正極活性物質を所定の粒子径にするには、通常の粉砕機や分級機を用いればよい。焼成法によって得られた正極活物質は、水、酸性水溶液、アルカリ性水溶液、有機溶剤にて洗浄した後使用してもよい。正極活物質粒子の平均粒子径は、レーザ回折／散乱式粒度分布測定装置ＬＡ－９２０（商品名、ＨＯＲＩＢＡ社製）を用いて、体積平均粒子径（球換算平均粒子径）を測定する。
　上記焼成法により得られた正極活物質の化学式は、測定方法として誘導結合プラズマ（ＩＣＰ）発光分光分析法、簡便法として、焼成前後の粉体の質量差から算出できる。 The volume average particle diameter (sphere conversion average particle diameter) of the positive electrode active material used in the all solid state secondary battery of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, 0.1 μm to 50 μm is preferable. In order to make the positive electrode active substance have a predetermined particle size, a normal pulverizer or classifier may be used. The positive electrode active material obtained by the firing method may be used after being washed with water, an acidic aqueous solution, an alkaline aqueous solution, or an organic solvent. The average particle diameter of the positive electrode active material particles is determined by measuring the volume average particle diameter (sphere-converted average particle diameter) using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer LA-920 (trade name, manufactured by HORIBA).
The chemical formula of the positive electrode active material obtained by the above firing method can be calculated from an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectroscopic analysis method as a measurement method and a mass difference between powders before and after firing as a simple method.
　正極活物質の含有量は特に限定されないが、正極活物質層を形成するための全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物中、固形成分１００質量％において、１０～９０質量％が好ましく、２０～８０質量％がより好ましい。 The content of the positive electrode active material is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 90% by mass, preferably 20 to 90% by mass in 100% by mass of the solid component in the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery for forming the positive electrode active material layer. 80 mass% is more preferable.
　上記正極活物質は、１種を単独で用いても、２種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。 The positive electrode active materials may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
　また、正極活物質層には、適宜必要に応じて導電助剤を含有させてもよい。導電助剤として、後述のものを用いることが出来る。 In addition, the positive electrode active material layer may contain a conductive additive as necessary. As the conductive auxiliary agent, those described below can be used.
　（負極活物質）
　次に、本発明の全固体二次電池の負極活物質層を形成するための全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物に用いられる負極活物質について説明する。負極活物質としては、可逆的にリチウムイオンを挿入および放出できるものが好ましい。その材料は、特に制限はなく、炭素質材料、酸化錫や酸化ケイ素等の金属酸化物、金属複合酸化物、リチウム単体やリチウムアルミニウム合金等のリチウム合金、及び、ＳｎやＳｉ、Ｉｎ等のリチウムと合金形成可能な金属等が挙げられる。なかでも炭素質材料又はリチウム複合酸化物が信頼性の点から好ましく用いられる。また、金属複合酸化物としては、リチウムを吸蔵、放出可能であることが好ましい。その材料は、特には制限されないが、構成成分としてチタン及び／又はリチウムを含有していることが、高電流密度充放電特性の観点で好ましい。 (Negative electrode active material)
Next, the negative electrode active material used in the solid electrolyte composition for an all solid secondary battery for forming the negative electrode active material layer of the all solid secondary battery of the present invention will be described. As the negative electrode active material, those capable of reversibly inserting and releasing lithium ions are preferable. The material is not particularly limited, and is a carbonaceous material, a metal oxide such as tin oxide or silicon oxide, a metal composite oxide, a lithium alloy such as lithium alone or a lithium aluminum alloy, and a lithium such as Sn, Si, or In. And metals capable of forming an alloy. Of these, carbonaceous materials or lithium composite oxides are preferably used from the viewpoint of reliability. In addition, the metal composite oxide is preferably capable of inserting and extracting lithium. The material is not particularly limited, but preferably contains titanium and / or lithium as a constituent component from the viewpoint of high current density charge / discharge characteristics.
　負極活物質として用いられる炭素質材料とは、実質的に炭素からなる材料である。例えば、石油ピッチ、天然黒鉛、気相成長黒鉛等の人造黒鉛、及びＰＡＮ（ポリアクリロニトリル）系の樹脂やフルフリルアルコール樹脂等の各種の合成樹脂を焼成した炭素質材料を挙げることができる。さらに、ＰＡＮ系炭素繊維、セルロース系炭素繊維、ピッチ系炭素繊維、気相成長炭素繊維、脱水ＰＶＡ（ポリビニルアルコール）系炭素繊維、リグニン炭素繊維、ガラス状炭素繊維、活性炭素繊維等の各種炭素繊維類、メソフェーズ微小球体、グラファイトウィスカー、平板状の黒鉛等を挙げることもできる。 The carbonaceous material used as the negative electrode active material is a material substantially made of carbon. Examples thereof include carbonaceous materials obtained by firing various synthetic resins such as artificial pitches such as petroleum pitch, natural graphite, and vapor-grown graphite, and PAN (polyacrylonitrile) -based resins and furfuryl alcohol resins. Further, various carbon fibers such as PAN-based carbon fiber, cellulose-based carbon fiber, pitch-based carbon fiber, vapor-grown carbon fiber, dehydrated PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) -based carbon fiber, lignin carbon fiber, glassy carbon fiber, activated carbon fiber, etc. And mesophase microspheres, graphite whiskers, flat graphite and the like.
　負極活物質として適用される金属酸化物及び金属複合酸化物としては、特に非晶質酸化物が好ましく、さらに金属元素と周期律表第１６族の元素との反応生成物であるカルコゲナイトも好ましく用いられる。ここでいう非晶質とは、ＣｕＫα線を用いたＸ線回折法で、２θ値で２０°～４０°の領域に頂点を有するブロードな散乱帯を有するものを意味し、結晶性の回折線を有してもよい。２θ値で４０°以上７０°以下に見られる結晶性の回折線の内最も強い強度が、２θ値で２０°以上４０°以下に見られるブロードな散乱帯の頂点の回折線強度の１００倍以下であるのが好ましく、５倍以下であるのがより好ましく、結晶性の回折線を有さないことが特に好ましい。 As the metal oxide and metal composite oxide applied as the negative electrode active material, an amorphous oxide is particularly preferable, and chalcogenite, which is a reaction product of a metal element and an element of Group 16 of the periodic table, is also preferably used. It is done. The term “amorphous” as used herein means an X-ray diffraction method using CuKα rays, which has a broad scattering band having a peak in the region of 20 ° to 40 ° in terms of 2θ, and is a crystalline diffraction line. You may have. The strongest intensity of crystalline diffraction lines seen from 2 ° to 40 ° to 70 ° is 100 times the diffraction line intensity at the peak of the broad scattering band seen from 2 ° to 20 °. It is preferable that it is 5 times or less, and it is particularly preferable not to have a crystalline diffraction line.
　上記非晶質酸化物及びカルコゲナイドからなる化合物群のなかでも、半金属元素の非晶質酸化物、及びカルコゲナイドがより好ましく、周期律表第１３（ＩＩＩＢ）族～１５（ＶＢ）族の元素、Ａｌ、Ｇａ、Ｓｉ、Ｓｎ、Ｇｅ、Ｐｂ、Ｓｂ、Ｂｉの一種単独あるいはそれらの２種以上の組み合わせからなる酸化物、及びカルコゲナイドが特に好ましい。好ましい非晶質酸化物及びカルコゲナイドの具体例としては、例えば、Ｇａ２Ｏ３、ＳｉＯ、ＧｅＯ、ＳｎＯ、ＳｎＯ２、ＰｂＯ、ＰｂＯ２、Ｐｂ２Ｏ３、Ｐｂ２Ｏ４、Ｐｂ３Ｏ４、Ｓｂ２Ｏ３、Ｓｂ２Ｏ４、Ｓｂ２Ｏ５、Ｂｉ２Ｏ３、Ｂｉ２Ｏ４、ＳｎＳｉＯ３、ＧｅＳ、ＳｎＳ、ＳｎＳ２、ＰｂＳ、ＰｂＳ２、Ｓｂ２Ｓ３、Ｓｂ２Ｓ５、ＳｎＳｉＳ３などが好ましく挙げられる。また、これらは、酸化リチウムとの複合酸化物、例えば、Ｌｉ２ＳｎＯ２であってもよい。 Among the group of compounds consisting of the above amorphous oxide and chalcogenide, amorphous metal oxides and chalcogenides are more preferable, and elements in groups 13 (IIIB) to 15 (VB) of the periodic table are preferable. Particularly preferred are oxides and chalcogenides composed of one kind of Al, Ga, Si, Sn, Ge, Pb, Sb, Bi or a combination of two or more kinds thereof. Specific examples of preferable amorphous oxides and chalcogenides include, for example, Ga 2 O 3 , SiO, GeO, SnO, SnO 2 , PbO, PbO 2 , Pb 2 O 3 , Pb 2 O 4 , Pb 3 O 4 , Sb 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 4 , Sb 2 O 5 , Bi 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 4 , SnSiO 3 , GeS, SnS, SnS 2 , PbS, PbS 2 , Sb 2 S 3 , Sb 2 S 5 , such as SnSiS 3 may preferably be mentioned. Moreover, these may be a complex oxide with lithium oxide, for example, Li 2 SnO 2 .
　負極活物質はチタン原子を含有することも好ましい。より具体的にはＬｉ４Ｔｉ５Ｏ１２（チタン酸リチウム［ＬＴＯ］）がリチウムイオンの吸蔵放出時の体積変動が小さいことから急速充放電特性に優れ、電極の劣化が抑制されリチウムイオン二次電池の寿命向上２が可能となる点で好ましい。 It is also preferable that the negative electrode active material contains a titanium atom. More specifically, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (lithium titanate [LTO]) is excellent in rapid charge / discharge characteristics due to small volume fluctuations during the insertion and release of lithium ions, and the deterioration of the electrodes is suppressed, and the lithium ion secondary This is preferable in that the battery life can be improved.
　負極活物質の平均粒子サイズは、０．１μｍ～６０μｍが好ましい。所定の粒子サイズにするには、通常の粉砕機や分級機が用いられる。例えば、乳鉢、ボールミル、サンドミル、振動ボールミル、衛星ボールミル、遊星ボールミル、旋回気流型ジェットミルや篩などが好適に用いられる。粉砕時には水、あるいはメタノール等の有機溶媒を共存させた湿式粉砕も必要に応じて行うことができる。所望の粒径とするためには分級を行うことが好ましい。分級方法としては特に限定はなく、篩、風力分級機などを必要に応じて用いることができる。分級は乾式、湿式ともに用いることができる。 The average particle size of the negative electrode active material is preferably 0.1 μm to 60 μm. In order to obtain a predetermined particle size, a normal pulverizer or classifier is used. For example, a mortar, a ball mill, a sand mill, a vibrating ball mill, a satellite ball mill, a planetary ball mill, a swirling air flow type jet mill or a sieve is preferably used. When pulverizing, wet pulverization in the presence of water or an organic solvent such as methanol can be performed as necessary. In order to obtain a desired particle size, classification is preferably performed. The classification method is not particularly limited, and a sieve, an air classifier, or the like can be used as necessary. Classification can be used both dry and wet.
　上記各種の合成樹脂を焼成した炭素質材料の化学式は、測定方法として誘導結合プラズマ（ＩＣＰ）発光分光分析法、簡便法として、焼成前後の粉体の質量差から算出できる。 The chemical formula of the carbonaceous material obtained by firing the above various synthetic resins can be calculated from the mass difference between the powders before and after firing as an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectroscopic analysis method as a measurement method.
　Ｓｎ、Ｓｉ、Ｇｅを中心とする非晶質酸化物負極活物質に併せて用いることができる負極活物質としては、リチウムイオン又はリチウム金属を吸蔵・放出できる炭素質材料や、リチウム、リチウム合金、リチウムと合金可能な金属が好適に挙げられる。 Examples of the negative electrode active material that can be used in combination with the amorphous oxide negative electrode active material centering on Sn, Si, and Ge include carbonaceous materials that can occlude and release lithium ions or lithium metal, lithium, lithium alloys, A metal that can be alloyed with lithium is preferable.
　その中でも、少なくとも１種の下記式（Ｂ）で表される負極活物質を含んでいることも好ましい。 Among them, it is preferable that at least one negative electrode active material represented by the following formula (B) is included.
ＳｉｘＭ（１－ｘ）　　　式（Ｂ） Si x M (1-x) Formula (B)
　式（Ｂ）中、ｘは０．０１以上１未満の数を表し、モル分率を意味する。Ｍはカルコゲン元素、半金属元素、アルカリ金属元素、アルカリ土類金属元素もしくは遷移金属元素のいずれかまたはこれらの組み合わせを表す。 In formula (B), x represents a number of 0.01 or more and less than 1, and means a mole fraction. M represents a chalcogen element, a metalloid element, an alkali metal element, an alkaline earth metal element, a transition metal element, or a combination thereof.
　Ｍは、好ましくは、Ｏ、Ｓ、Ｓｅなどのカルコゲン元素や、Ｂ、Ｇｅなどの半金属元素、Ｌｉ、Ｎａなどのアルカリ金属元素、Ｍｇ、Ｃａなどのアルカリ土類金属元素、Ｔｉ、Ｖ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕなどの遷移金属元素から選択することが出来る。また、これらの元素を２つ以上の組合せたものであってもよい。
　なかでも、カルコゲン元素や遷移金属元素が好ましく、遷移金属元素がより好ましい。遷移金属元素の中でも、第一遷移金属元素が好ましく、Ｔｉ、Ｖ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕがより好ましく、Ｔｉ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉが特に好ましい。 M is preferably a chalcogen element such as O, S or Se, a metalloid element such as B or Ge, an alkali metal element such as Li or Na, an alkaline earth metal element such as Mg or Ca, Ti, V, It can be selected from transition metal elements such as Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu. Further, a combination of two or more of these elements may be used.
Of these, chalcogen elements and transition metal elements are preferable, and transition metal elements are more preferable. Among the transition metal elements, the first transition metal element is preferable, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu are more preferable, and Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni are particularly preferable.
　ｘは０．１以上１未満が好ましく、０．１以上０．９９以下がより好ましく、０．２以上０．９８以下がさらに好ましく、０．３以上０．９５以下が特に好ましい。 X is preferably from 0.1 to less than 1, more preferably from 0.1 to 0.99, further preferably from 0.2 to 0.98, particularly preferably from 0.3 to 0.95.
　負極活物質はチタン原子を含有することも好ましい。より具体的にはＬｉ４Ｔｉ５Ｏ１２がリチウムイオンの吸蔵放出時の体積変動が小さいことから急速充放電特性に優れ、電極の劣化が抑制され全固体二次電池の寿命向上が可能となる点で好ましい。 It is also preferable that the negative electrode active material contains a titanium atom. More specifically, since Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 has a small volume fluctuation at the time of occlusion and release of lithium ions, it has excellent rapid charge / discharge characteristics, suppresses electrode deterioration, and improves the life of an all-solid-state secondary battery. This is preferable.
　負極活物質の含有量は特に限定されないが、全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物中、固形成分１００質量％において、１０～８０質量％であることが好ましく、２０～７０質量％であることがより好ましい。 The content of the negative electrode active material is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 80% by mass, and preferably 20 to 70% by mass in 100% by mass of the solid component in the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery. Is more preferable.
　上記負極活物質は、１種を単独で用いても、２種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。 The negative electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
　また、負極活物質層には、適宜必要に応じて導電助剤を含有させてもよい。導電助剤として、後述のものを用いることが出来る。 In addition, the negative electrode active material layer may contain a conductive additive as necessary. As the conductive auxiliary agent, those described below can be used.
　正極活物質および負極活物質の表面は別の金属酸化物で表面被覆されていてもよい。表面被覆剤としてはＴｉ、Ｎｂ、Ｔａ、Ｗ、ＺｒまたはＳｉ等を含有しさらにＬｉを含有しても良い金属酸化物が挙げられる。
　表面被覆する方法としては、以下が挙げられており、本発明において適宜利用することができる。
　例えば、酸化物正極活物質の表面上に形成されたニオブ酸リチウム系化合物からなるコート部とを有する正極活物質材料が、特開２０１０－２２５３０９公報、および非特許文献Ｎａｒｕｍｉ　Ｏｈｔａ　ｅｔ　ａｌ．，　“ＬｉＮｂＯ３－ｃｏａｔｅｄ　ＬｉＣｏＯ２　ａｓ　ｃａｔｈｏｄｅ　ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌ　ｆｏｒ　ａｌｌ　ｓｏｌｉｄ－ｓｔａｔｅ　ｌｉｔｈｉｕｍ　ｓｅｃｏｎｄａｒｙ　ｂａｔｔｅｒｉｅｓ”，　Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｃｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙ　Ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ　９　（２００７）　１４８６－１４９０に記載されている。
　また金属酸リチウムＬｉＹＸ１ＯＺ（式中、Ｘ１は、Ｃｏ、Ｍｎ又はＮｉであり、Ｙ及びＺは、それぞれ１～１０の整数である。）活物質表面にコーティング材としては、チタン酸スピネル、タンタル系酸化物、ニオブ系酸化物等が挙げられ、具体的には、Ｌｉ４Ｔｉ５Ｏ１２，ＬｉＴａＯ３，ＬｉＮｂＯ３，ＬｉＡｌＯ２，Ｌｉ２ＺｒＯ３，Ｌｉ２ＷＯ４，Ｌｉ２ＴｉＯ３，Ｌｉ２Ｂ４Ｏ７，Ｌｉ３ＰＯ４，Ｌｉ２ＭｏＯ４，ＬｉＢＯ２等が挙げられることが特開２００８－１０３２８０号公報に記載されている。
　硫黄及び／またはリンで表面処理された全固体二次電池用の電極材料が特開２００８－０２７５８１号公報に記載されている。
　また酸化物正極活物質の表面にリチウム塩化物を担持したさせてもよく特開２００１－０５２７３３号公報に記載されている。 The surfaces of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material may be coated with another metal oxide. Examples of the surface coating agent include a metal oxide that contains Ti, Nb, Ta, W, Zr, Si, or the like and may further contain Li.
Examples of the surface coating method include the following, which can be appropriately used in the present invention.
For example, a positive electrode active material having a coating portion made of a lithium niobate compound formed on the surface of an oxide positive electrode active material is disclosed in JP 2010-225309 A and Non-Patent Document Narumi Ohta et al. , “LiNbO 3 -coated LiCoO 2 as cathode material for all solid-state lithium secondary batteries”, Electrochemistry Communications 9 (2007) 1486-1490.
Further, lithium metal acid Li Y X 1 O Z (wherein X 1 is Co, Mn or Ni, and Y and Z are each an integer of 1 to 10). As a coating material on the active material surface, Examples include titanic acid spinel, tantalum-based oxide, niobium-based oxide, and the like. Specifically, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , LiTaO 3 , LiNbO 3 , LiAlO 2 , Li 2 ZrO 3 , Li 2 WO 4 , Li JP-A-2008-103280 describes that 2 TiO 3 , Li 2 B 4 O 7 , Li 3 PO 4 , Li 2 MoO 4 , LiBO 2 and the like can be mentioned.
An electrode material for an all solid state secondary battery surface-treated with sulfur and / or phosphorus is described in JP-A-2008-027581.
Further, lithium chloride may be supported on the surface of the oxide positive electrode active material, as described in JP-A-2001-052733.
　本発明では、上記負極活物質のうち、炭素質材料、スズ、ケイ素、インジウム、これらの酸化物および硫化物が好ましく、炭素質材料またはチタン原子を含有する負極活物質がより好ましく、上述の黒鉛（好ましくは天然黒鉛）が特に好ましい。 In the present invention, among the negative electrode active materials, carbonaceous materials, tin, silicon, indium, oxides and sulfides thereof are preferable, and negative electrode active materials containing carbonaceous materials or titanium atoms are more preferable. (Preferably natural graphite) is particularly preferable.
（導電助剤）
　次に、本発明に用いられる導電助剤について説明する。一般的な導電助剤として知られているものを用いることができる。例えば、電子伝導性材料である、天然黒鉛、人造黒鉛などの黒鉛類、アセチレンブラック、ケッチェンブラック、ファーネスブラックなどのカーボンブラック類、ニードルコークスなどの無定形炭素、気相成長炭素繊維やカーボンナノチューブなどの炭素繊維類、グラフェンやフラーレンなどの炭素質材料であっても良いし、銅、ニッケルなどの金属粉、金属繊維でも良く、ポリアニリン、ポリピロール、ポリチオフェン、ポリアセチレン、ポリフェニレン誘導体など導電性高分子を用いても良い。またこれらの内１種を用いても良いし、２種以上を用いても良い。本発明では、アセチレンブラックが好ましく用いられる。 (Conductive aid)
Next, the conductive additive used in the present invention will be described. What is known as a general conductive support agent can be used. For example, graphites such as natural graphite and artificial graphite, carbon blacks such as acetylene black, ketjen black and furnace black, amorphous carbon such as needle coke, vapor-grown carbon fiber and carbon nanotubes, which are electron conductive materials Carbon fibers such as graphene, carbonaceous materials such as graphene and fullerene, metal powders such as copper and nickel, and metal fibers may be used, and conductive polymers such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyacetylene, and polyphenylene derivatives may be used. It may be used. Moreover, 1 type may be used among these and 2 or more types may be used. In the present invention, acetylene black is preferably used.
＜全固体二次電池用粒子＞
　本発明の全固体二次電池用粒子は、上記無機固体電解質粒子、上記電極活物質粒子または導電助剤粒子の表面が改質され、粒子表面に、有機化合物基が、共有結合を介して担持されており、粒子表面の共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である。粒子表面に有機化合物基を導入することにより粒子の濡れ性を改善し、結着性および接着性を向上させることができる。結着性および接着性が向上することで、全固体二次電池および全固体二次電池用電極シート作製時のハンドリング性および製造適正を向上させることができる。
　共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２未満であると、固体粒子間、層間、層－集電体間の密着性が低く、所望の電池性能を得ることができない。共有結合量は、５×１０－９ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上が好ましく、１×１０－８ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上がより好ましい。
　上限は特に制限されないが、１×１０－１ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以下が好ましく、１×１０－２ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以下がより好ましく、１×１０－３ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以下が特に好ましい。 <Particles for all-solid-state secondary batteries>
The particles for the all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention are modified on the surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte particles, the electrode active material particles or the conductive auxiliary particles, and the organic compound groups are supported on the particle surfaces via covalent bonds. The amount of covalent bonds on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2 or more. By introducing an organic compound group to the particle surface, the wettability of the particle can be improved, and the binding property and adhesion can be improved. By improving the binding property and adhesiveness, it is possible to improve the handling property and the manufacturing suitability at the time of producing the electrode sheet for the all-solid secondary battery and the all-solid-state secondary battery.
When the covalent bond amount is less than 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2 , the adhesion between the solid particles, between the layers, and between the layer and the current collector is low, and the desired battery performance cannot be obtained. The amount of covalent bonds is preferably 5 × 10 −9 mol / cm 2 or more, and more preferably 1 × 10 −8 mol / cm 2 or more.
The upper limit is not particularly limited but is preferably 1 × 10 -1 mol / cm 2 or less, more preferably 1 × 10 -2 mol / cm 2 or less, particularly preferably 1 × 10 -3 mol / cm 2 or less.
　本発明において、表面共有結合量（ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２）とは、粒子１ｇあたりの粒子表面に担持されている有機化合物基となる有機化合物の質量ａ（ｇ）と、その有機化合物の質量平均分子量（Ｍｗ）および固体粒子表面の比表面積Ｓ（ｃｍ２／ｇ）を求め、下記式から算出される値を意味する。 In the present invention, the surface covalent bond amount (mol / cm 2 ) means the mass a (g) of an organic compound that is an organic compound group carried on the particle surface per 1 g of the particle, and the mass average molecular weight of the organic compound. (Mw) and the specific surface area S (cm 2 / g) of the solid particle surface are calculated and mean values calculated from the following formula.
　　　　表面共有結合量　＝　（ａ／Ｍｗ）／Ｓ Surface covalent bond amount = (a / Mw) / S
＜粒子表面の活性光線暴露処理による改質方法＞
－有機化合物基－
　有機化合物基は、活性光線で活性化された粒子表面に共有結合を介して結合している。
　本発明において有機化合物基とは、有機化合物が固体粒子表面と反応して共有結合を介して結合した基をいい、有機化合物の重合体が基として結合した基を含む。好ましくは、有機化合物上の官能基と固体粒子表面の官能基とが架橋反応して共有結合を形成した有機化合物基である。
　活性光線処理後の固体粒子と、それと反応しうる有機化合物とを、混合させることで有機化合物基が共有結合を介して固体粒子に担持される。なお、「混合」については後述する。
　有機化合物基は、共有結合を介して粒子に担持されているため、有機溶媒等で洗浄され、粒子から剥離することを防ぐことができる。
　なお、有機化合物基が、粒子表面に均一に担持されている必要はなく、被覆されていない箇所があってもよい。 <Modification method by actinic ray exposure treatment of particle surface>
-Organic compound group-
The organic compound group is bonded to the particle surface activated with actinic rays through a covalent bond.
In the present invention, the organic compound group means a group in which an organic compound reacts with the solid particle surface through a covalent bond, and includes a group in which a polymer of the organic compound is bonded as a group. Preferably, it is an organic compound group in which a functional group on the organic compound and a functional group on the surface of the solid particle form a crosslink reaction to form a covalent bond.
By mixing the solid particles after the actinic ray treatment and an organic compound capable of reacting with the solid particles, the organic compound group is supported on the solid particles through a covalent bond. The “mixing” will be described later.
Since the organic compound group is supported on the particle through a covalent bond, the organic compound group can be prevented from being separated from the particle by being washed with an organic solvent or the like.
The organic compound group does not need to be uniformly supported on the particle surface, and there may be an uncoated portion.
　本発明において、共有結合を介して担持された有機化合物基の膜厚が、全固体二次電池を形成する粒子間を十分な力学強度で接合するため、２０ｎｍ以下であることが好ましく、１０ｎｍ以下であることがより好ましく、５ｎｍ以下であることが特に好ましい。下限は特に制限されないが、０．１ｎｍ以上であることが実際的である。 In the present invention, the film thickness of the organic compound group supported via the covalent bond is preferably 20 nm or less in order to bond the particles forming the all-solid-state secondary battery with sufficient mechanical strength. More preferably, it is more preferably 5 nm or less. The lower limit is not particularly limited, but is practically 0.1 nm or more.
　本発明に用いる有機化合物は特に限定されないが、質量平均分子量が、３，０００以上であることが好ましく、５，０００以上であることがより好ましく、７，０００以上であることが特に好ましい。一方、上限は、１００，０００以下であることが好ましく、５０，０００以下であることがより好ましく、３０，０００以下であることが特に好ましい。また、本発明に用いる有機化合物はオリゴマーまたはポリマーであることが好ましい。
　質量平均分子量が上記範囲内にあることにより、高い結着性を発現しつつ、イオン伝導性や電子伝導性等の電池性能への悪影響を最低限に抑えることができる。
　なお、上記有機化合物の質量平均分子量は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー（ＧＰＣ）によってポリスチレン換算の分子量として計測することができる。測定方法は、後記実施例での測定方法による。 The organic compound used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but the mass average molecular weight is preferably 3,000 or more, more preferably 5,000 or more, and particularly preferably 7,000 or more. On the other hand, the upper limit is preferably 100,000 or less, more preferably 50,000 or less, and particularly preferably 30,000 or less. Moreover, it is preferable that the organic compound used for this invention is an oligomer or a polymer.
When the mass average molecular weight is within the above range, adverse effects on battery performance such as ion conductivity and electron conductivity can be minimized while exhibiting high binding properties.
In addition, the mass mean molecular weight of the said organic compound can be measured as a molecular weight of polystyrene conversion by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The measuring method is based on the measuring method in the examples described later.
　有機化合物基が、炭素数８以上のアルキル基、炭素数８以上のハロゲン化アルキル基、炭素数８以上のアリール基、炭素数８以上のハロゲン化アリール基または下記式（１）もしくは（２）で表されるシリカ含有置換基の少なくとも１種、好ましくは少なくとも２種を分子内に含有することが立体反発により粒子間の凝集を抑制しつつ、有機化合物基の絡まりあいによって結着性の向上も発現させることができるため好ましい。 The organic compound group is an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, an aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, a halogenated aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, or the following formula (1) or (2) Containing at least one kind, preferably at least two of the silica-containing substituents represented by the formula, improves the binding property by entanglement of organic compound groups while suppressing aggregation between particles by steric repulsion Is also preferable.
　　　　―Ｓｉ（Ｒ１）（Ｒ２）－Ｏ－　　　　（１）
　　　　―Ｓｉ（Ｒ３）（－Ｏ－）－Ｏ－　　（２）
　Ｒ１、Ｒ２およびＲ３は、各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基またはアリール基を示す。 —Si (R 1 ) (R 2 ) —O— (1)
—Si (R 3 ) (— O —) — O— (2)
R 1 , R 2 and R 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group or an aryl group.
　炭素数８以上のアルキル基は、直鎖、分岐または環状のいずれでもよい。炭素数の上限は特に制限されないが、１００以下が好ましく、５０以下がより好ましく、３０以下が特に好ましい。具体例として、オクチル、ドデシル、ヘプタデシル、ノナデシル、トリアコンチル、ステアリルが挙げられる。 The alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms may be linear, branched or cyclic. The upper limit of the carbon number is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 or less, more preferably 50 or less, and particularly preferably 30 or less. Specific examples include octyl, dodecyl, heptadecyl, nonadecyl, triacontyl, and stearyl.
　炭素数８以上のハロゲン化アルキル基のアルキル基は、上記炭素数８以上のアルキル基と同義であり、好ましい範囲も同じである。
　炭素数８以上のハロゲン化アルキル基のハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子等が挙げられ、フッ素原子が好ましい。 The alkyl group of the halogenated alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms has the same definition as the alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, and the preferred range is also the same.
Examples of the halogen atom of the halogenated alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom, and a fluorine atom is preferable.
　炭素数８以上のアリール基としては、総炭素数が８以上のアリール基であればよく、炭化水素である場合に限らず炭素－炭素結合間にヘテロ原子を含有してもよい。 The aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms may be an aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, and is not limited to being a hydrocarbon, and may contain a hetero atom between carbon-carbon bonds.
　炭素数８以上のアリール基としては、炭素数８以上５０以下のアリール基が好ましく、炭素数８以上３０以下のアリール基がより好ましく、炭素数８以上２０以下のアリール基がさらに好ましく、炭素数８以上１８以下のアリール基が特に好ましい。
　具体的には、トリル基、キシリル基、メシチル基、ナフチル基、アントラセニル基、ピレニル基、ターフェニル基、ナフタセニル基、ペンタセニル基、ベンゾピレニル基、クリセニル基、トリフェニレニル基、コランニュレニル基、コロネニル基、オバレニル基が挙げられる。 The aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms is preferably an aryl group having 8 to 50 carbon atoms, more preferably an aryl group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, still more preferably an aryl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, An aryl group having 8 or more and 18 or less is particularly preferable.
Specifically, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, a mesityl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a benzopyrenyl group, a chrycenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a colannulenyl group, a coronenyl group, an obalenyl group Is mentioned.
　炭素数８以上のハロゲン化アリール基のアリール基は、上記炭素数８以上のアリール基と同義であり、好ましい範囲も同じである。
　炭素数８以上のハロゲン化アルキル基のハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子等が挙げられ、フッ素原子が好ましい。 The aryl group of the halogenated aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms has the same meaning as the aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, and the preferred range is also the same.
Examples of the halogen atom of the halogenated alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom, and a fluorine atom is preferable.
　Ｒ１、Ｒ２およびＲ３におけるアルキル基は、鎖状、分岐状または環状のいずれでもよく、炭素数は、１～３０が好ましく、１～２５がより好ましく、１～１８がさらに好ましく、１が特に好ましい。具体的には、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、ｔ－ブチル、オクチル、ドデシル、ステアリルが挙げられる。 The alkyl group in R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be any of chain, branched or cyclic, and the carbon number is preferably 1 to 30, more preferably 1 to 25, still more preferably 1 to 18, Is particularly preferred. Specific examples include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, t-butyl, octyl, dodecyl, and stearyl.
　Ｒ１、Ｒ２およびＲ３におけるアルケニル基は、鎖状、分岐状または環状のいずれでもよく、炭素数は、２～２０が好ましく、２～１０がより好ましく、２～８が特に好ましい。例えば、ビニル、プロペニル、ブテニル、フェニルエテニルが挙げられる。 The alkenyl group in R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be any of chain, branched or cyclic, and the carbon number is preferably 2 to 20, more preferably 2 to 10, and particularly preferably 2 to 8. Examples include vinyl, propenyl, butenyl, and phenylethenyl.
　Ｒ１、Ｒ２およびＲ３におけるアルキニル基は、鎖状、分岐状または環状のいずれでもよく、炭素数は、２～２０が好ましく、２～１０がより好ましく、２～８が特に好ましい。例えば、エチニル、プロピニル、ブチニル、フェニルエチニルが挙げられる。 The alkynyl group in R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be any of chain, branched or cyclic, and the carbon number is preferably 2 to 20, more preferably 2 to 10, and particularly preferably 2 to 8. Examples include ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, phenylethynyl.
　本発明においては、Ｒ１、Ｒ２およびＲ３がいずれも炭素数１～８のアルキル基であることが好ましく、メチル基であることが好ましい。 In the present invention, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are preferably all alkyl groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and are preferably methyl groups.
　本発明に用いられる有機化合物基は、分子末端部で架橋基を形成していることが好ましい。「分子末端部で架橋基を形成している」とは、有機化合物の最長鎖（主鎖）の末端の架橋形成可能な基と固体粒子表面の官能基により結合が形成されていることを意味する。上記最長鎖の炭素数は、２～１００が好ましく、２～５０がより好ましく、２～２０が特に好ましい。
　架橋基を形成するために本発明に用いられる有機化合物基は、固体粒子表面の官能基と結合を形成するのに必要な官能基と異なる官能基を有していてもよく、このような官能基を架橋基とは別の有機化合物基の分子末端部（好ましくは主鎖末端部）に有することが好ましく、官能基の具体例として、メタクリル、アクリル、エポキシ、オキセタニル、エチニル、ビニル基、ヒドロキシ基およびカルボキシ基が挙げられる。このような架橋性官能基を、熱や活性光線等の外部刺激により架橋させ架橋基とすることにより、粒子と粒子の間を結合することもでき、これによって３次元的な架橋構造を有するためより強固な結着性を発現するため好ましい。 The organic compound group used in the present invention preferably forms a crosslinking group at the molecular end. “A cross-linking group is formed at the molecular end” means that a bond is formed by a cross-linkable group at the end of the longest chain (main chain) of the organic compound and a functional group on the surface of the solid particle. To do. The carbon number of the longest chain is preferably 2 to 100, more preferably 2 to 50, and particularly preferably 2 to 20.
The organic compound group used in the present invention for forming a crosslinking group may have a functional group different from the functional group necessary for forming a bond with the functional group on the surface of the solid particle. It is preferable to have a group at the molecular end (preferably main chain end) of an organic compound group different from the crosslinking group. Specific examples of the functional group include methacryl, acrylic, epoxy, oxetanyl, ethynyl, vinyl group, hydroxy Groups and carboxy groups. Since such a crosslinkable functional group is crosslinked by an external stimulus such as heat or actinic light to form a crosslinkable group, the particles can be bonded to each other, thereby having a three-dimensional crosslinked structure. It is preferable because it exhibits a stronger binding property.
　本発明に用いられる有機化合物基は、アクリル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、アミド樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、ウレア樹脂、イミド樹脂またはシリコーン樹脂のいずれかの基であることが合成の容易性と高い力学強度の発現のため好ましい。 The organic compound group used in the present invention is any group of acrylic resin, epoxy resin, amide resin, urethane resin, urea resin, imide resin, or silicone resin. Therefore, it is preferable.
　有機化合物基は、粒子表面に確実に結合を形成させ、表面の濡れ性を制御するため、表面グラフト重合により形成されていることが好ましい。本発明における表面グラフト重合とは、表面グラフト法に基づく重合方法である。表面グラフト法とは、固体粒子表面に、活性光線処理によりラジカルや反応性官能基などの活性種を発生させ、それを基点に固体粒子表面からモノマーの重合を行ない粒子表面に直接結合したポリマーを形成する表面修飾方法である。モノマーは通常用いられるラジカル重合、重縮合でもちいられるモノマーを特に限定されず使用できる。
　ラジカル重合系モノマーとしては、例えば、アクリル系モノマーが挙げられる。
　重縮合系モノマーとしては、例えば、カルボン酸ジクロリド、ジイソシアネート、カルボン酸二無水物、アルコキシシラン、ハロゲン化シランのモノマーが挙げられる。 The organic compound group is preferably formed by surface graft polymerization in order to reliably form a bond on the particle surface and control the wettability of the surface. The surface graft polymerization in the present invention is a polymerization method based on the surface graft method. In the surface grafting method, active species such as radicals and reactive functional groups are generated on the surface of solid particles by actinic ray treatment, and the polymer is polymerized from the solid particle surface based on the active species, and the polymer is directly bonded to the particle surface. This is a surface modification method to be formed. As the monomer, a monomer that is usually used for radical polymerization or polycondensation can be used without any particular limitation.
Examples of radical polymerization monomers include acrylic monomers.
Examples of the polycondensation monomer include monomers of carboxylic acid dichloride, diisocyanate, carboxylic dianhydride, alkoxysilane, and halogenated silane.
　本発明に用いられる有機化合物は、１種単独で用いてもよく、２種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。また、本発明に用いられる有機化合物は、置換基を有していてもよい。置換基としては、特開２０１０－２５４９７１号公報の段落００１９～００９２に記載の置換基が挙げられる。 The organic compound used in the present invention may be used singly or in combination of two or more. Moreover, the organic compound used in the present invention may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include the substituents described in paragraphs 0019 to 0092 of JP2010-254971A.
－活性光線－
　本発明において、固体粒子の表面を活性光線に暴露し、上記有機化合物と混合させることによって固体粒子表面を親水化することができる。
　ここで、「有機化合物と混合させる」とは、固体粒子と有機化合物とを単純に混ぜることを意味しない。粒子表面で反応を起こさせて、有機化合物を有機化合物基（共有結合の形成、さらに連鎖的な共有結合の形成による重合）として固体粒子表面に共有結合を介して結合させることを意味する。
　例えば、活性光線に暴露した固体粒子と酸クロリド化合物とを反応させて、酸クロリド化合物基をエステル結合を介して固体粒子表面に担持させる。活性光線に暴露した固体粒子とイソシアネート化合物とを反応させて、ウレタン結合を介してイソシアネート化合物基を固体粒子表面に担持させる。活性光線に暴露した固体粒子とアルコキシシラン化合物とを反応させてシロキサン結合を介して固体粒子表面に担持させることが挙げられる。反応基（官能基）を２官能化することで無機表面を組み込んだ重合体が得られる。また固体粒子の活性表面から重合を伸ばす方法として上記表面グラフト重合が挙げられる。 -Actinic rays-
In the present invention, the solid particle surface can be hydrophilized by exposing the surface of the solid particle to actinic rays and mixing it with the organic compound.
Here, “mixing with an organic compound” does not mean simply mixing solid particles and an organic compound. It means that a reaction is caused on the particle surface to bond the organic compound to the surface of the solid particle through a covalent bond as an organic compound group (copolymerization by formation of a covalent bond and further a chained covalent bond).
For example, solid particles exposed to actinic rays are reacted with an acid chloride compound, and the acid chloride compound group is supported on the solid particle surface via an ester bond. The solid particles exposed to actinic rays are reacted with the isocyanate compound to carry the isocyanate compound group on the surface of the solid particles via a urethane bond. Examples include reacting solid particles exposed to actinic rays with an alkoxysilane compound and supporting them on the surface of the solid particles through a siloxane bond. A polymer incorporating an inorganic surface can be obtained by bifunctionalizing the reactive group (functional group). Moreover, the said surface graft polymerization is mentioned as a method of extending superposition | polymerization from the active surface of solid particles.
　無機固体電解質、電極活物質、導電助剤の表面は通常酸化されていたり、付着した油脂等で汚染されているため反応活性面が少ない。活性光線で処理を行うことにより、表面に酸素ラジカル、窒素ラジカル、硫黄ラジカル等の高活性反応種を生成させることができる。それぞれのラジカルは空気中の水分に暴露されることで酸素ラジカルはヒドロキシ基、カルボキシ基、エポキシ基など、窒素ラジカルはアミノ基、硫黄ラジカルはメルカプト基へと変化しうる。 The surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte, the electrode active material, and the conductive auxiliary agent is usually oxidized or contaminated with attached oils and fats, so there are few reaction active surfaces. By performing treatment with actinic rays, highly active reactive species such as oxygen radicals, nitrogen radicals, and sulfur radicals can be generated on the surface. By exposing each radical to moisture in the air, the oxygen radical can be changed to a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, an epoxy group, the nitrogen radical can be changed to an amino group, and the sulfur radical can be changed to a mercapto group.
　酸素雰囲気で粒子を活性光線に暴露させることで酸素ラジカル密度を大きくすることができる。同様に、窒素雰囲気で活性光線に暴露させることで窒素ラジカル密度を大きくすることができる。また、硫化物系無機固体電解質へのアルゴン雰囲気活性光線暴露により、Ｓ－Ｓ結合の切断とそれにともなう硫黄ラジカルの発生等が起こりやすい。 Oxygen radical density can be increased by exposing particles to actinic rays in an oxygen atmosphere. Similarly, the nitrogen radical density can be increased by exposure to actinic rays in a nitrogen atmosphere. Furthermore, exposure to a sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte with actinic rays in an argon atmosphere tends to cause the cleavage of the SS bond and the generation of sulfur radicals associated therewith.
　高活性反応種は後から加える有機化合物と共有結合を形成しうる。共有結合は物理吸着と異なり強固な結合であるので、粒子からの剥離を抑制でき、結着性の向上だけでなく、全固体二次電池の長寿命化に寄与する。
　上記活性処理された固体粒子と、反応活性な官能基を有する有機化合物を混合することで、共有結合を介して固体粒子表面に有機化合物基が担持される。共有結合の一例を下記に示す。上記混合は、反応促進剤の存在下で行われてもよい。反応促進剤の具体例としては、ラジカル重合開始剤（アゾ系開始剤、過酸化物等）、カチオン重合開始剤（スルホニウム塩、ヨードニウム塩等）、脱水縮合剤（カルボジイミド、ジフェニルリン酸アジド、ＢＯＰ試薬、２－クロロ－４，６，－ジメトキシトリアジン、２，４，６－トリクロロベンゾイルクロリド、ケテンイミン等）、ハロゲン化剤（トリクロロアセチルクロリド、塩化チオニル、塩化ホスホリル、ホスゲン等）、ルイス酸触媒（アルキルアンモニウムハライド、ＢＢｒ３，酸化すず、ビスマス触媒等）、酸（カルボン酸、スルホン酸、リン酸、ＨＰＦ６，ＨＢＦ４等）、塩基（トリブチルアミン、４－ジメチルアミノピリジン、イミダゾール、ジアザビシクロウンデセン等）が挙げられる。 Highly active reactive species can form covalent bonds with organic compounds added later. Since the covalent bond is a strong bond unlike physical adsorption, peeling from the particles can be suppressed, which contributes not only to improving the binding property but also to extending the life of the all-solid-state secondary battery.
By mixing the activated solid particles and the organic compound having a reactive functional group, the organic compound group is supported on the surface of the solid particle through a covalent bond. An example of a covalent bond is shown below. The mixing may be performed in the presence of a reaction accelerator. Specific examples of reaction accelerators include radical polymerization initiators (azo-based initiators, peroxides, etc.), cationic polymerization initiators (sulfonium salts, iodonium salts, etc.), dehydration condensing agents (carbodiimide, diphenyl phosphate azide, BOP). Reagents, 2-chloro-4,6, -dimethoxytriazine, 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoyl chloride, ketene imine, etc.), halogenating agents (trichloroacetyl chloride, thionyl chloride, phosphoryl chloride, phosgene, etc.), Lewis acid catalyst ( Alkyl ammonium halide, BBr 3 , tin oxide, bismuth catalyst, etc.), acid (carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, phosphoric acid, HPF 6 , HBF 4 etc.), base (tributylamine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, imidazole, diazabicyclo) Undecene etc.).
　本発明に用いられる有機化合物基は、粒子表面に存在する元素との親和性の高さの観点から、Ｏ原子、Ｎ原子およびＳ原子の少なくとも１種を含有する連結基を介して結合して粒子表面に担持されていることが好ましい。 The organic compound group used in the present invention is bonded through a linking group containing at least one of an O atom, an N atom, and an S atom from the viewpoint of high affinity with an element present on the particle surface. It is preferably supported on the particle surface.
　以下、本発明の粒子表面と有機化合物基間の結合形態（結合基、架橋基）の例を、結合が形成される前の固体粒子表面に存在する官能基の例と、用いられる有機化合物と合わせて示す。 Hereinafter, examples of the bonding form (bonding group, crosslinking group) between the particle surface of the present invention and the organic compound group, examples of functional groups existing on the surface of the solid particle before the bond is formed, and the organic compound used Shown together.
－エステル結合－
（１）固体粒子表面の官能基：ヒドロキシ基
　　　有機化合物：酸クロリド化合物、カルボキシ基を有する化合物、カルボン酸無水物
（２）固体粒子表面の官能基：カルボキシ基
　　　有機化合物：ヒドロキシ基を有する化合物
（３）固体粒子表面の官能基：エポキシ基
　　　有機化合物：カルボシ基を有する化合物 -Ester bond-
(1) Functional group on solid particle surface: hydroxy group Organic compound: acid chloride compound, compound having carboxy group, carboxylic anhydride (2) Functional group on solid particle surface: carboxy group Organic compound: compound having hydroxy group ( 3) Functional group on solid particle surface: epoxy group Organic compound: compound having carbosi group
－アミン結合－
　　　固体粒子表面の官能基：アミノ基
　　　有機化合物：ハロゲン化アルキル化合物、アクリル化合物
－アミド結合－
　　　固体粒子表面の官能基：アミノ基
　　　有機化合物：酸クロリド化合物、カルボキシ基を有する化合物、カルボン酸無水物
－エーテル結合－
　　　固体粒子表面の官能基：ヒドロキシ基
　　　有機化合物：ハロゲン化アルキル化合物、アクリル化合物
－チオエーテル結合－
　　　固体粒子表面の官能基：メルカプト基
　　　有機化合物：ハロゲン化アルキル化合物、ビニル化合物、アクリル化合物、エポキシ基を有する化合物 -Amine bond-
Functional group on solid particle surface: amino group Organic compound: alkyl halide compound, acrylic compound -amide bond-
Functional group on solid particle surface: amino group Organic compound: acid chloride compound, compound having carboxy group, carboxylic acid anhydride-ether bond-
Functional group on the surface of solid particles: hydroxy group Organic compound: alkyl halide compound, acrylic compound-thioether bond-
Functional group on solid particle surface: mercapto group Organic compound: alkyl halide compound, vinyl compound, acrylic compound, compound having epoxy group
－ウレタン結合－
　　　固体粒子表面の官能基：ヒドロキシ基
　　　有機化合物：イソシアネート化合物
－ウレア結合－
　　　固体粒子表面の官能基：アミノ基
　　　有機化合物：イソシアネート化合物
－シロキサン結合－
　　　固体粒子表面の官能基：ヒドロキシ基
　　　有機化合物：アルコキシシラン化合物、ハロゲン化シラン化合物 -Urethane bond-
Functional group on the surface of solid particles: hydroxy group Organic compound: isocyanate compound-urea bond-
Functional group on solid particle surface: amino group Organic compound: isocyanate compound -siloxane bond-
Functional group on the surface of solid particles: hydroxy group Organic compound: alkoxysilane compound, halogenated silane compound
　なお、固体粒子を活性光線に暴露することによって、固体粒子表面をインプランテーション化（官能基の埋め込み化）することができる。 Note that the surface of the solid particles can be implanted (embedded with functional groups) by exposing the solid particles to actinic rays.
　本発明における活性光線とは赤外線、マイクロウェーブ、紫外線、エキシマレーザー光、電子線（ＥＢ）、Ｘ線、波長５０ｎｍ以下の高エネルギー光線（ＥＵＶなど）、プラズマなどが好ましく挙げられる。活性光線として、より好ましくはプラズマであり、特に好ましくは低温大気圧プラズマである。
　本発明においては、非照射面と比較して、プラズマが照射された固体粒子の表面のみではなく内部への親水化度が高く、粒子間の微細構造中にもガスが充満することで結着性向上の効果が発揮される点で、プラズマが好ましく用いられる。 Preferred examples of the actinic rays in the present invention include infrared rays, microwaves, ultraviolet rays, excimer laser light, electron beams (EB), X-rays, high-energy rays having a wavelength of 50 nm or less (such as EUV), and plasma. The actinic ray is more preferably plasma, and particularly preferably low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma.
In the present invention, compared to the non-irradiated surface, not only the surface of the solid particles irradiated with plasma but also the degree of hydrophilicity to the inside is high, and the fine structure between the particles is filled with gas. Plasma is preferably used in that the effect of improving the property is exhibited.
　固体粒子を活性光線に暴露するための雰囲気としては特に限定されず、真空であっても大気であっても、その他のガス雰囲気下でも構わない。表面を窒素化するには窒素が存在することが好ましい。 The atmosphere for exposing the solid particles to actinic rays is not particularly limited, and may be a vacuum, air, or other gas atmosphere. Nitrogen is preferably present for nitriding the surface.
　暴露する時間は特に限定されないが、１秒～２４時間が好ましく、５秒～１時間がより好ましく、１０秒～１０分間が特に好ましい。 The exposure time is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 second to 24 hours, more preferably 5 seconds to 1 hour, and particularly preferably 10 seconds to 10 minutes.
　活性光線処理は、固体粒子が粉体の状態であっても、スラリーのような液体に分散した状態であっても行うことができる。さらに塗布された、固体電解質層または電極活物質層に含有されている状態であっても固体粒子表面に対して行うこともできる。全固体二次電池を保護するラミネートフイルム等の外覆剤を透過できる波長のものであれば、全固体二次電池作製後に照射することもできる。 The actinic ray treatment can be performed even when the solid particles are in a powder state or dispersed in a liquid such as a slurry. Furthermore, even if it is the state contained in the apply | coated solid electrolyte layer or electrode active material layer, it can also carry out with respect to the solid particle surface. Irradiation can be performed after the production of the all-solid-state secondary battery as long as it has a wavelength capable of transmitting an outer covering agent such as a laminate film for protecting the all-solid-state secondary battery.
　本発明に用いられるプラズマは真空プラズマ、大気圧プラズマのいずれでも良い。中でも、大気圧近傍の条件下で生成された低温大気圧プラズマを利用するのが好ましい。例えば、非平衡プラズマジェット、交流パルス放電による低温プラズマ、粉体プラズマ、液中プラズマ、トーチ型プラズマ、チューブプラズマなどを用いることができ、いずれも大気圧近傍の条件下で生成されたプラズマを用いるのが好ましい。 The plasma used in the present invention may be either vacuum plasma or atmospheric pressure plasma. Among these, it is preferable to use low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma generated under conditions near atmospheric pressure. For example, non-equilibrium plasma jet, low-temperature plasma by AC pulse discharge, powder plasma, in-liquid plasma, torch type plasma, tube plasma, etc. can be used, all using plasma generated under conditions near atmospheric pressure. Is preferred.
　プラズマ照射には、種々の大気圧プラズマ装置を用いることができる。例えば、誘電体で覆われた電極間に大気圧近傍の圧力の不活性気体を通じつつ間欠放電を行うことにより低温大気圧プラズマを発生させることができる装置等が好ましい。 Various atmospheric pressure plasma devices can be used for plasma irradiation. For example, a device that can generate low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma by performing intermittent discharge while passing an inert gas having a pressure near atmospheric pressure between electrodes covered with a dielectric is preferable.
　プラズマ装置は、使用目的等に応じて種々の変型例を選択できる。より具体的には、特開２００８－６０１１５号公報において、基盤プラズマ処理に用いられる装置、特開２００４－２２８１３６号公報に記載の常圧プラズマ装置、特開２００６－２１９７２号公報、特開２００７－１８８６９０号公報および国際公開第２００５／０６２３３８号、国際公開第２００７／０２４１３４号、国際公開第２００７／１４５５１３号などの明細書に記載のプラズマ装置が挙げられる。また、大気圧プラズマ装置は市販品があり、例えば、アリオス（株）のＡＴＭＰ－１０００、株式会社ハイデン研究所の大気圧プラズマ装置、（株）魁半導体のＳ５０００型大気圧低温プラズマジェット装置、ＡＳＳ－４００型、ＰＰＵ－８００型，ＳＫＩｐ－ＺＫＢ型で示される粉体プラズマ装置、（株）ウェルのＭｙＰＬ１００、ＩＬＰ－１５００、積水化学工業（株）のＲＤ５５０など、現在上市されている大気圧プラズマ装置もまた好適に使用しうる（いずれも商品名）。しかし、プラズマの不均一な集中（ストリーマ）を避けて固体電解質層または電極活物質層へのダメージを軽減するために、例えば、国際公開第２００５／０６２３３８号および国際公開第２００７／０２４１３４号の各明細書に記載された、放電部への通電をパルス制御素子経由で行なうなどの電気回路の工夫をした装置を用いることが好ましい。
　なお、本発明における「低温大気圧プラズマ」における上記「大気圧近傍の圧力」とは、７０ｋＰａ以上１３０ｋＰａ以下の範囲を指し、好ましくは９０ｋＰａ以上１１０ｋＰａ以下の範囲である。 Various modified examples of the plasma apparatus can be selected according to the purpose of use. More specifically, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-60115, an apparatus used for substrate plasma processing, an atmospheric pressure plasma apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-228136, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-21972, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-2007. Examples thereof include plasma apparatuses described in specifications such as 188690 and International Publication No. 2005/062338, International Publication No. 2007/024134, and International Publication No. 2007/145513. Also, there are commercially available atmospheric pressure plasma devices such as ATMP-1000 from Arios Co., Ltd., atmospheric pressure plasma device from HEIDEN LABORATORIES, INC., S5000 type atmospheric pressure low-temperature plasma jet device from SAMURAI Semiconductor Co., Ltd., ASS. -Atmospheric plasma currently on the market, such as powder plasma equipment shown by -400, PPU-800, and SKIp-ZKB, MyPL100 and ILP-1500 from Well Co., Ltd., and RD550 from Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. An apparatus can also be used suitably (all are brand names). However, in order to avoid uneven concentration (streamer) of plasma and reduce damage to the solid electrolyte layer or the electrode active material layer, for example, each of WO 2005/062338 and WO 2007/024134 It is preferable to use an apparatus that is devised in an electric circuit, such as conducting electricity to a discharge part via a pulse control element, as described in the specification.
In the present invention, the “pressure near atmospheric pressure” in the “low temperature atmospheric plasma” refers to a range of 70 kPa to 130 kPa, preferably 90 kPa to 110 kPa.
　大気圧プラズマの生成時に用いられる放電ガスとしては、窒素、酸素、水素、アルゴン（Ａｒ）、ヘリウム（Ｈｅ）、アンモニア、二酸化炭素のいずれかのガス、又はこれらの２種以上の混合ガスを利用することができる。不活性気体であるＨｅ及びＡｒ等の希ガス、または窒素ガス（Ｎ２）を用いることが好ましく、Ａｒ又はＨｅの希ガスが特に好ましい。プラズマを固体電解質層または電極活物質層表面に適用することで、プラズマにより固体電解質層または電極活物質層中の無機固体電解質粒子、電極活物質粒子または導電助剤粒子が親水化される。固体電解質層または電極活物質層表面へのプラズマを適用することにより速やかに親水化が進行する。 As a discharge gas used when generating atmospheric pressure plasma, any one of nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, argon (Ar), helium (He), ammonia, carbon dioxide, or a mixture of two or more of these is used. can do. It is preferable to use a rare gas such as He and Ar, which is an inert gas, or nitrogen gas (N 2 ), and a rare gas such as Ar or He is particularly preferable. By applying plasma to the surface of the solid electrolyte layer or electrode active material layer, the plasma solidifies the inorganic solid electrolyte particles, electrode active material particles, or conductive additive particles in the solid electrolyte layer or electrode active material layer. Hydrophilization proceeds rapidly by applying plasma to the surface of the solid electrolyte layer or electrode active material layer.
　なお、プラズマ処理はバッチ方式でも、他の工程とつなげてインライン方式で行ってもよい。 Note that the plasma treatment may be performed in a batch system or an inline system connected to other processes.
　固体電解質層または電極活物質層へのダメージを抑制するという観点からは、プラズマ作用部位と放電部位とを離すこと、または、放電回路の工夫によりプラズマの局所的集中（ストリーマ）の発生を抑制して、均一なプラズマを発生させること、が有効である。特に後者は、大面積にわたる均一なプラズマ処理ができる点で好ましい。前者としては、放電により生じたプラズマを不活性気体の気流により固体電解質層または電極活物質層表面まで搬送して接触させる方式が好ましく、特にいわゆるプラズマジェット方式が好ましい。この場合プラズマを含む不活性ガスを搬送する経路（導通管）は、ガラス、磁器、有機高分子などの誘電体であることが好ましい。後者としては、国際公開第２００５／０６２３３８号および国際公開第２００７／０２４１３４号明細書に記載の、パルス制御素子経由で誘電体により覆われた電極に通電することによりストリーマが抑制された均一なグロープラズマを発生させる方式が好ましい。 From the standpoint of suppressing damage to the solid electrolyte layer or electrode active material layer, the plasma action site is separated from the discharge site, or the local concentration of the plasma (streamer) is suppressed by devising the discharge circuit. It is effective to generate a uniform plasma. The latter is particularly preferable in that a uniform plasma treatment over a large area can be performed. As the former, a method in which the plasma generated by the discharge is brought into contact with the surface of the solid electrolyte layer or the electrode active material layer by an inert gas stream is preferable, and a so-called plasma jet method is particularly preferable. In this case, the path (conducting tube) for transporting the inert gas containing plasma is preferably a dielectric such as glass, porcelain, or organic polymer. The latter includes a uniform glow in which streamers are suppressed by applying current to an electrode covered with a dielectric via a pulse control element, as described in WO 2005/062338 and WO 2007/024134. A method of generating plasma is preferable.
　プラズマを含む不活性ガスの供給ノズルから固体電解質層または電極活物質層表面までの距離は０．０１ｍｍ～１００ｍｍであることが好ましく、１ｍｍ～２０ｍｍであることがより好ましい。
　プラズマ処理を施す領域に、不活性気体を十分に供給するか、その領域を不活性ガスで充満させてもよい。このような不活性ガスによるプラズマの搬送を行う際には、プラズマ点灯以前からプラズマ発生部位に不活性ガスを流しておき、プラズマ消灯後にも不活性ガスを流し続けることが好ましい。 The distance from the supply nozzle of the inert gas containing plasma to the surface of the solid electrolyte layer or the electrode active material layer is preferably 0.01 mm to 100 mm, and more preferably 1 mm to 20 mm.
An inert gas may be sufficiently supplied to a region where plasma treatment is performed, or the region may be filled with an inert gas. When carrying the plasma using such an inert gas, it is preferable that an inert gas is allowed to flow through the plasma generation site before the plasma is turned on, and the inert gas is allowed to continue even after the plasma is extinguished.
　プラズマ処理後の不活性ガスについては、プラズマの寿命が短時間であることから、特段の処理を行わず排気してもよいが、処理領域の近傍に吸気口を設けて処理済みの不活性ガスを回収してもよい。 The inert gas after the plasma treatment may be exhausted without performing any special treatment because the plasma has a short life, but the inert gas that has been treated by providing an inlet in the vicinity of the treatment region. May be recovered.
　プラズマ照射時の温度は、プラズマ照射される固体電解質層または電極活物質層中の材料の特性に応じて任意の温度を選択できるが、低温大気圧プラズマを照射することによってもたらされる温度上昇が小さいほうが、ダメージを軽減できるので好ましい。上記プラズマ適用領域をプラズマ発生装置から離間させることで、その効果がより向上する。 The temperature at the time of plasma irradiation can be selected arbitrarily depending on the characteristics of the material in the solid electrolyte layer or electrode active material layer irradiated with plasma, but the temperature rise caused by irradiation with low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma is small Is preferable because damage can be reduced. The effect is further improved by separating the plasma application region from the plasma generator.
　上記方法において、低温大気圧プラズマを選択して照射することで、プラズマからの熱エネルギーの供給を軽減でき、固体電解質層または電極活物質層の温度上昇を抑制することができる。プラズマ照射されることによる固体電解質層または電極活物質層の温度上昇は、５０℃以下が好ましく、４０℃以下がより好ましく、２０℃以下が特に好ましい。
　プラズマ照射時の温度は、プラズマ照射される固体電解質層または電極活物質層中の材料の耐え得る温度以下であることが好ましく、一般的には、－１９６℃以上１５０℃未満が好ましく、－２１℃以上１００℃以下がより好ましい。
　さらに、－１０℃以上８０℃以下が好ましく、環境温度雰囲気下で室温（２５℃）近傍がより好ましい。本発明における低温大気圧プラズマは、上記０℃以上５０℃以下で照射されるプラズマを意味する。 In the above method, by selecting and irradiating the low temperature atmospheric pressure plasma, the supply of thermal energy from the plasma can be reduced, and the temperature rise of the solid electrolyte layer or the electrode active material layer can be suppressed. The temperature rise of the solid electrolyte layer or the electrode active material layer due to the plasma irradiation is preferably 50 ° C. or less, more preferably 40 ° C. or less, and particularly preferably 20 ° C. or less.
The temperature at the time of plasma irradiation is preferably equal to or lower than the temperature that can be withstood by the material in the solid electrolyte layer or electrode active material layer irradiated with plasma, and is generally −196 ° C. or higher and lower than 150 ° C., −21 More preferably, the temperature is from 100 ° C to 100 ° C.
Furthermore, it is preferably −10 ° C. or more and 80 ° C. or less, and more preferably near room temperature (25 ° C.) in an ambient temperature atmosphere. The low temperature atmospheric pressure plasma in this invention means the plasma irradiated at the said 0 degreeC or more and 50 degrees C or less.
（バインダー）
　本発明の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物は、バインダーを含有することも好ましい。
　本発明で使用するバインダーは、有機ポリマーであれば特に限定されない。
　本発明に用いることができるバインダーは、通常、電池材料の正極または負極用結着剤として用いられるバインダーが好ましく、特に制限はなく、例えば、以下に述べる樹脂からなるバインダーが好ましい。 (binder)
The solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery of the present invention preferably contains a binder.
The binder used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is an organic polymer.
The binder that can be used in the present invention is preferably a binder that is usually used as a binder for a positive electrode or a negative electrode of a battery material, and is not particularly limited. For example, a binder made of a resin described below is preferable.
　含フッ素樹脂としては、例えば、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン（ＰＴＦＥ）、ポリビニレンジフルオリド（ＰＶｄＦ）、ポリビニレンジフルオリドとヘキサフルオロプロピレンの共重合物（ＰＶｄＦ－ＨＦＰ）などが挙げられる。
　炭化水素系熱可塑性樹脂としては、例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、スチレンブタジエンゴム（ＳＢＲ）、水素添加スチレンブタジエンゴム（ＨＳＢＲ）、ブチレンゴム、アクリロニトリルブタジエンゴム、ポリブタジエン、ポリイソプレンなどが挙げられる。
　アクリル樹脂としては、例えば、ポリ（メタ）アクリル酸メチル、ポリ（メタ）アクリル酸エチル、ポリ（メタ）アクリル酸イソプロピル、ポリ（メタ）アクリル酸イソブチル、ポリ（メタ）アクリル酸ブチル、ポリ（メタ）アクリル酸ヘキシル、ポリ（メタ）アクリル酸オクチル、ポリ（メタ）アクリル酸ドデシル、ポリ（メタ）アクリル酸ステアリル、ポリ（メタ）アクリル酸２－ヒドロキシエチル、ポリ（メタ）アクリル酸、ポリ（メタ）アクリル酸ベンジル、ポリ（メタ）アクリル酸グリシジル、ポリ（メタ）アクリル酸ジメチルアミノプロピル、およびこれら樹脂を構成するモノマーの共重合体などが挙げられる。
　またそのほかのビニル系モノマーとの共重合体も好適に用いられる。例えばポリ（メタ）アクリル酸メチルーポリスチレン共重合体、ポリ（メタ）アクリル酸メチルーアクリロニトリル共重合体、ポリ（メタ）アクリル酸ブチルーアクリロニトリル－スチレン共重合体などが挙げられる。 Examples of the fluorine-containing resin include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), a copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene (PVdF-HFP), and the like.
Examples of the hydrocarbon-based thermoplastic resin include polyethylene, polypropylene, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), hydrogenated styrene butadiene rubber (HSBR), butylene rubber, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, polybutadiene, and polyisoprene.
Examples of the acrylic resin include poly (meth) methyl acrylate, poly (meth) ethyl acrylate, poly (meth) acrylate isopropyl, poly (meth) acrylate isobutyl, poly (meth) butyl acrylate, poly (meth) ) Hexyl acrylate, poly (meth) acrylate octyl, poly (meth) acrylate dodecyl, poly (meth) acrylate stearyl, poly (meth) acrylate 2-hydroxyethyl, poly (meth) acrylic acid, poly (meth) ) Benzyl acrylate, poly (meth) acrylate glycidyl, poly (meth) acrylate dimethylaminopropyl, and copolymers of monomers constituting these resins.
Further, copolymers with other vinyl monomers are also preferably used. Examples thereof include poly (meth) acrylate methyl-polystyrene copolymer, poly (meth) acrylate methyl-acrylonitrile copolymer, poly (meth) acrylate butyl-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, and the like.
　上記ラジカル重合系ポリマー以外にも重縮合系ポリマーも用いることができる。重縮合系ポリマーとはたとえば、ウレタン樹脂、ウレア樹脂、アミド樹脂、イミド樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、などを好適に用いることができる。
　重縮合系ポリマーはハードセグメント部位とソフトセグメント部位を有することが好ましい。ハードセグメント部位は分子間水素結合を形成しうる部位を示し、ソフトセグメント部位は一般的にガラス転移温度（Ｔｇ）が室温（２５±５℃）以下で分子量が４００以上の柔軟な部位を示す。
　これらは１種を単独で用いても、２種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。 In addition to the above radical polymerization polymer, a polycondensation polymer can also be used. As the polycondensation polymer, for example, urethane resin, urea resin, amide resin, imide resin, polyester resin, and the like can be suitably used.
The polycondensation polymer preferably has a hard segment part and a soft segment part. The hard segment site indicates a site capable of forming an intermolecular hydrogen bond, and the soft segment site generally indicates a flexible site having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of room temperature (25 ± 5 ° C.) or lower and a molecular weight of 400 or higher.
These may be used individually by 1 type, or may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
　バインダーのガラス転移温度は、上限は５０℃以下が好ましく、０℃以下がさらに好ましく、－２０℃以下が最も好ましい。下限は－１００℃以上が好ましく、－７０℃以上がさらに好ましく、－５０℃以上が特に好ましい。 The upper limit of the glass transition temperature of the binder is preferably 50 ° C. or lower, more preferably 0 ° C. or lower, and most preferably −20 ° C. or lower. The lower limit is preferably −100 ° C. or higher, more preferably −70 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably −50 ° C. or higher.
　ガラス転移温度（Ｔｇ）は、乾燥試料を用いて、示差走査熱量計「Ｘ－ＤＳＣ７０００」（商品名、ＳＩＩ・ナノテクノロジー（株）社製）を用いて下記の条件で測定する。測定は同一の試料で２回実施し、２回目の測定結果を採用する。
　　　　測定室内の雰囲気：窒素（５０ｍＬ／ｍｉｎ）
　　　　昇温速度：５℃／ｍｉｎ
　　　　測定開始温度：－１００℃
　　　　測定終了温度：２００℃
　　　　試料パン：アルミニウム製パン
　　　　測定試料の質量：５ｍｇ
　　　　Ｔｇの算定：ＤＳＣチャートの下降開始点と下降終了点の中間温度の小数点以下を四捨五入することでＴｇを算定する。 The glass transition temperature (Tg) is measured under the following conditions using a dry sample and a differential scanning calorimeter “X-DSC7000” (trade name, manufactured by SII Nanotechnology Co., Ltd.). The measurement is performed twice on the same sample, and the second measurement result is adopted.
Measurement chamber atmosphere: Nitrogen (50 mL / min)
Temperature increase rate: 5 ° C / min
Measurement start temperature: -100 ° C
Measurement end temperature: 200 ° C
Sample pan: Aluminum pan Mass of measurement sample: 5 mg
Calculation of Tg: Tg is calculated by rounding off the decimal point of the intermediate temperature between the lowering start point and the lowering end point of the DSC chart.
　本発明に用いられるバインダーを構成するポリマーの水分濃度は、１００ｐｐｍ（質量基準）以下が好ましく、Ｔｇは１００℃以下が好ましい。
　また、本発明に用いられるバインダーを構成するポリマーは、晶析させて乾燥させてもよい、ポリマー溶液をそのまま用いてもよい。金属系触媒（ウレタン化、ポリエステル化触媒＝スズ、チタン、ビスマス）は少ない方が好ましい。重合時に少なくするか、晶析で触媒を除くことで、共重合体中の金属濃度を、１００ｐｐｍ（質量基準）以下とすることが好ましい。 The water concentration of the polymer constituting the binder used in the present invention is preferably 100 ppm (mass basis) or less, and Tg is preferably 100 ° C. or less.
Moreover, the polymer which comprises the binder used for this invention may be crystallized and dried, and the polymer solution may be used as it is. It is preferable that the amount of metal catalyst (urethanization, polyesterification catalyst = tin, titanium, bismuth) is small. It is preferable that the metal concentration in the copolymer be 100 ppm (mass basis) or less by reducing the amount during polymerization or removing the catalyst by crystallization.
　ポリマーの重合反応に用いる溶媒は、特に限定されない。なお、無機固体電解質や活物質と反応しないこと、さらにそれらを分解しない溶媒を用いることが望ましい。例えば、炭化水素系溶媒（トルエン、ヘプタン、キシレン）やエステル系溶媒（酢酸エチル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート）、エーテル系溶媒（テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン、１，２－ジエトキシエタン）、ケトン系溶媒（アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン）、ニトリル系溶媒（アセトニトリル、プロピオニトリル、ブチロニトリル、イソブチロニトリル）、ハロゲン系溶媒（ジクロロメタン、クロロホルム）などを用いることができる。 The solvent used for the polymerization reaction of the polymer is not particularly limited. It is desirable to use a solvent that does not react with the inorganic solid electrolyte or the active material and that does not decompose them. For example, hydrocarbon solvents (toluene, heptane, xylene), ester solvents (ethyl acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate), ether solvents (tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, 1,2-diethoxyethane), ketone solvents (acetone) , Methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone), nitrile solvents (acetonitrile, propionitrile, butyronitrile, isobutyronitrile), halogen solvents (dichloromethane, chloroform) and the like can be used.
　本発明に用いられるバインダーを構成するポリマーの質量平均分子量は１０，０００以上が好ましく、２０，０００以上がより好ましく、５０，０００以上がさらに好ましい。上限としては、１，０００，０００以下が好ましく、２００，０００以下がより好ましく、１００，０００以下がさらに好ましい。
　本発明において、ポリマーの分子量は、特に断らない限り、質量平均分子量を意味する。質量平均分子量は、ＧＰＣによってポリスチレン換算の分子量として計測することができる。このとき、ＧＰＣ装置ＨＬＣ－８２２０（東ソー（株）社製）を用い、カラムはＧ３０００ＨＸＬ＋Ｇ２０００ＨＸＬを用い、２３℃で流量は１ｍＬ／ｍｉｎで、ＲＩで検出することとする。溶離液としては、ＴＨＦ（テトラヒドロフラン）、クロロホルム、ＮＭＰ（Ｎ－メチル－２－ピロリドン）、ｍ－クレゾール／クロロホルム（湘南和光純薬（株）社製）から選定することができ、溶解するものであればＴＨＦを用いることとする。 The polymer constituting the binder used in the present invention preferably has a mass average molecular weight of 10,000 or more, more preferably 20,000 or more, and even more preferably 50,000 or more. As an upper limit, 1,000,000 or less is preferable, 200,000 or less is more preferable, and 100,000 or less is more preferable.
In the present invention, the molecular weight of the polymer means a mass average molecular weight unless otherwise specified. The mass average molecular weight can be measured as a molecular weight in terms of polystyrene by GPC. At this time, GPC device HLC-8220 (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) is used, G3000HXL + G2000HXL is used as the column, the flow rate is 1 mL / min at 23 ° C., and detection is performed by RI. The eluent can be selected from THF (tetrahydrofuran), chloroform, NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone), m-cresol / chloroform (manufactured by Shonan Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and dissolves. If present, use THF.
　バインダーの全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物中での含有量は、全固体二次電池に用いたときの良好な界面抵抗の低減性とその維持性を考慮すると、固形成分１００質量％において、０．０１質量％以上が好ましく、０．１質量％以上がより好ましく、１質量％以上がさらに好ましい。上限としては、電池特性の観点から、２０質量％以下が好ましく、１０質量％以下がより好ましく、１０質量％以下がさらに好ましい。
　本発明では、バインダーの質量に対する、無機固体電解質と必要により含有させる電極活物質の合計質量（総量）の質量比［（無機固体電解質の質量＋電極活物質の質量）／バインダーの質量］は、１，０００～１の範囲が好ましい。この比率はさらに５００～２がより好ましく、１００～１０がさらに好ましい。 The content of the binder in the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery is 100% by mass of the solid component in consideration of a good interfacial resistance reduction property and its maintainability when used in an all-solid-state secondary battery. 0.01% by mass or more is preferable, 0.1% by mass or more is more preferable, and 1% by mass or more is more preferable. As an upper limit, from a viewpoint of a battery characteristic, 20 mass% or less is preferable, 10 mass% or less is more preferable, and 10 mass% or less is further more preferable.
In the present invention, the mass ratio [(mass of inorganic solid electrolyte + mass of electrode active material) / mass of binder] of the total mass (total amount) of the inorganic solid electrolyte and the electrode active material to be included if necessary with respect to the mass of the binder is: A range of 1,000 to 1 is preferred. This ratio is more preferably 500 to 2, and further preferably 100 to 10.
　本発明に用いられるバインダーは粒子形状を保持している、ポリマー粒子であることも好ましい。本発明では、ポリ（メタ）アクリル酸メチル（ＰＭＭＡ）、ポリ（メタクリル酸メチル-メタクリル酸）共重合体（ＰＭＭＡ－ＰＭＡ）またはポリ（メタクリル酸メチル-メタクリル酸リン酸エチル）共重合体（ＰＭＭＡ－ＰＨＭ）が好ましく用いられる。
　ここで、「ポリマー粒子」とは、後述の分散媒体に添加しても完全に溶解せず、粒子状のまま分散媒体に分散し、０．０１μｍ超の平均粒子径を示すものを指す。 It is also preferred that the binder used in the present invention is a polymer particle that retains the particle shape. In the present invention, poly (meth) methyl acrylate (PMMA), poly (methyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid) copolymer (PMMA-PMA) or poly (methyl methacrylate-ethyl methacrylate phosphate) copolymer (PMMA). -PHM) is preferably used.
Here, the “polymer particles” refer to particles that do not completely dissolve even when added to the dispersion medium described later, and are dispersed in the dispersion medium in the form of particles and exhibit an average particle diameter of more than 0.01 μm.
　ポリマー粒子は固形を保持していれば、形状は限定されない。ポリマー粒子は単一分散であっても多分散であってもよい。ポリマー粒子は真球状であっても扁平形状であってもよく、さらに無定形であってもよい。ポリマー粒子の表面は平滑であっても凹凸形状を形成していてもよい。ポリマー粒子はコアシェル構造を取ってもよく、コア（内核）とシェル（外殻）が同様の材料で構成されていても、異なる材質で構成されていてもよい。また中空であっても良く、中空率についても限定されない。 The shape of the polymer particles is not limited as long as they are solid. The polymer particles may be monodispersed or polydispersed. The polymer particles may be spherical or flat and may be amorphous. The surface of the polymer particles may be smooth or may have an uneven shape. The polymer particles may have a core-shell structure, and the core (inner core) and the shell (outer shell) may be made of the same material or different materials. Moreover, it may be hollow and the hollow ratio is not limited.
　ポリマー粒子は、界面活性剤、乳化剤または分散剤の存在下で重合する方法、分子量が増大するにしたがって結晶状に析出させる方法、によって合成することができる。
　また既存のポリマーを機械的に破砕する方法や、ポリマー液を再沈殿によって微粒子状にする方法を用いてもよい。 The polymer particles can be synthesized by a method of polymerizing in the presence of a surfactant, an emulsifier or a dispersant, or a method of depositing in a crystalline form as the molecular weight increases.
Moreover, you may use the method of crushing the existing polymer mechanically, and the method of making a polymer liquid fine particle by reprecipitation.
　ポリマー粒子の平均粒子径は、０．０１μｍ～１００μｍが好ましく、０．０５μｍ～５０μｍがより好ましく、０．１μｍ～２０μｍがさらに好ましく、０．２μｍ～１０μｍが特に好ましい。 The average particle diameter of the polymer particles is preferably 0.01 μm to 100 μm, more preferably 0.05 μm to 50 μm, further preferably 0.1 μm to 20 μm, and particularly preferably 0.2 μm to 10 μm.
　本発明に用いられるポリマー粒子の平均粒子径は、特に断らない限り、以下に記載の測定条件および定義によるものとする。
　ポリマー粒子を任意の溶媒（全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物の調製に用いる分散媒体。例えば、ヘプタン）を用いて２０ｍｌサンプル瓶中で１質量％の分散液を希釈調製する。希釈後の分散試料は、１ｋＨｚの超音波を１０分間照射し、その直後に試験に使用する。この分散液試料を用い、レーザ回折／散乱式粒度分布測定装置ＬＡ－９２０（商品名、ＨＯＲＩＢＡ社製）を用いて、温度２５℃で測定用石英セルを使用してデータ取り込みを５０回行い、得られた体積平均粒子径を平均粒子径とする。その他の詳細な条件等は必要によりＪＩＳＺ８８２８：２０１３「粒子径解析－動的光散乱法」の記載を参照する。１水準につき５つの試料を作製して測定し、その平均値を採用する。
　なお、作製された全固体二次電池からの測定は、例えば、電池を分解し電極を剥がした後、その電極材料について上記ポリマー粒子の平均粒子径の測定方法に準じてその測定を行い、あらかじめ測定していたポリマー粒子以外の粒子の平均粒子径の測定値を排除することにより行うことができる。 Unless otherwise specified, the average particle size of the polymer particles used in the present invention shall be based on the measurement conditions and definitions described below.
The polymer particles are diluted and prepared in a 20 ml sample bottle using an arbitrary solvent (dispersion medium used for preparation of the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery, for example, heptane). The diluted dispersion sample is irradiated with 1 kHz ultrasonic waves for 10 minutes and used immediately after that. Using this dispersion liquid sample, using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device LA-920 (trade name, manufactured by HORIBA), data was acquired 50 times using a quartz cell for measurement at a temperature of 25 ° C., Let the obtained volume average particle diameter be an average particle diameter. For other detailed conditions, the description of JISZ8828: 2013 “Particle Size Analysis—Dynamic Light Scattering Method” is referred to as necessary. Five samples are prepared for each level and measured, and the average value is adopted.
In addition, the measurement from the produced all-solid-state secondary battery is performed, for example, after disassembling the battery and peeling off the electrode, then measuring the electrode material according to the method for measuring the average particle diameter of the polymer particles, This can be done by eliminating the measured value of the average particle diameter of the particles other than the polymer particles that have been measured.
　なお、本発明に用いられるバインダーは市販品を用いることができる。また、常法により調製することもできる。 In addition, a commercial item can be used for the binder used for this invention. Moreover, it can also prepare by a conventional method.
（リチウム塩）
　本発明の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物は、リチウム塩を含有することも好ましい。
　リチウム塩としては、通常この種の製品に用いられるリチウム塩が好ましく、特に制限はない。例えば、ＬｉＴＦＳＩおよび特開２０１５－０８８４８６号公報の段落００８２～００８５記載のリチウム塩が挙げられる。本発明においては、ＬｉＴＦＳＩが好ましく用いられる。 (Lithium salt)
The solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery of the present invention preferably contains a lithium salt.
As a lithium salt, the lithium salt normally used for this kind of product is preferable and there is no restriction | limiting in particular. Examples thereof include LiTFSI and lithium salts described in paragraphs 0082 to 0085 of JP-A-2015-088486. In the present invention, LiTFSI is preferably used.
　リチウム塩の含有量は、固体電解質１００質量部に対して０質量部以上が好ましく、５質量部以上がより好ましい。上限としては、５０質量部以下が好ましく、２０質量部以下がより好ましい。 The content of the lithium salt is preferably 0 parts by mass or more, more preferably 5 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the solid electrolyte. As an upper limit, 50 mass parts or less are preferable, and 20 mass parts or less are more preferable.
（分散剤）
　本発明の全固体二次電池用組成物は、分散剤を含有することが好ましい。粒子表面に有機化合物基が担持されているため分散剤との濡れ性が改善され、より結着性向上の観点から好ましい。 (Dispersant)
It is preferable that the composition for all-solid-state secondary batteries of this invention contains a dispersing agent. Since the organic compound group is supported on the particle surface, the wettability with the dispersant is improved, which is preferable from the viewpoint of improving the binding property.
　分散剤は、好ましくは、分子量２００以上３０００未満の低分子またはオリゴマーからなり、下記官能基群（Ｉ）群から選択される少なくとも１種と、炭素数８以上のアルキル基または炭素数１０以上のアリール基を同一分子内に含有することが好ましい。
官能基群（Ｉ）：酸性基、塩基性窒素原子を有する基、（メタ）アクリル基、（メタ）アクリルアミド基、アルコキシシリル基、エポキシ基、オキセタニル基、イソシアネート基、シアノ基、メルカプト基及びヒドロキシ基 The dispersant is preferably composed of a low molecular weight or oligomer having a molecular weight of 200 or more and less than 3000, and at least one selected from the following functional group group (I) and an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms or 10 or more carbon atoms. It is preferable to contain an aryl group in the same molecule.
Functional group (I): acidic group, group having basic nitrogen atom, (meth) acryl group, (meth) acrylamide group, alkoxysilyl group, epoxy group, oxetanyl group, isocyanate group, cyano group, mercapto group and hydroxy Base
　分散剤の分子量として、より好ましくは３００以上、２０００未満であり、特に好ましくは５００以上１０００未満である。上記上限値未満であると、粒子の凝集が生じにくくなり、出力の低下を効果的に抑制することができる。また上記下限値以上であると、全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物スラリーを塗布し乾燥する段階で揮発しにくくなる。 The molecular weight of the dispersant is more preferably 300 or more and less than 2000, and particularly preferably 500 or more and less than 1000. When it is less than the above upper limit value, the aggregation of particles is less likely to occur, and the reduction in output can be effectively suppressed. Moreover, it becomes difficult to volatilize in the step which apply | coats and dries the solid electrolyte composition slurry for all-solid-state secondary batteries as it is more than the said lower limit.
　官能基群（Ｉ）のなかでも酸性基（例えば、カルボキシ基、スルホン酸基、リン酸基）、塩基性窒素原子を有する基（例えば、アミノ基）またはシアノ基が好ましく、酸性基がより好ましい。酸性基のなかでもカルボキシ基が特に好ましい。 Among the functional group (I), an acidic group (for example, carboxy group, sulfonic acid group, phosphoric acid group), a group having a basic nitrogen atom (for example, amino group) or a cyano group is preferable, and an acidic group is more preferable. . Of the acidic groups, a carboxy group is particularly preferable.
　分散剤は炭素数８以上のアルキル基又は炭素数１０以上のアリール基を有する。 The dispersant has an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms or an aryl group having 10 or more carbon atoms.
　炭素数８以上のアルキル基は、総炭素数が８以上のアルキル基であればよく、直鎖状でもよく、分岐状でもよく、環状でもよく、炭化水素である場合に限らず炭素－炭素結合間にヘテロ原子を含有してもよい。また、炭素数８以上のアルキル基は、無置換でもよく、さらに置換基を有していてもよく、置環基を有する場合、置換基がハロゲン原子であることが好ましい。さらに途中に不飽和炭素―炭素結合を有していても良い。 The alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms may be an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms in total, and may be linear, branched, cyclic, or hydrocarbon, and is not limited to a carbon-carbon bond. A hetero atom may be contained in between. In addition, the alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms may be unsubstituted, may further have a substituent, and when it has a substituent, the substituent is preferably a halogen atom. Furthermore, you may have an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond in the middle.
　ハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子等が挙げられ、フッ素原子が好ましい。 Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom, and a fluorine atom is preferable.
　炭素数８以上のアルキル基としては、炭素数８以上５０以下のアルキル基が好ましく、炭素数８以上３０以下のアルキル基がより好ましく、炭素数８以上２０以下のアルキル基がさらに好ましく、炭素数８以上１８以下のアルキル基が特に好ましい。
　具体的には、ノルマルオクチル基、ノルマルデシル基、ノルマルドデシル基、ノルマルテトラデシル基、ノルマルヘキサデシル基、ステアリル基、ラウリル基、リノール基、リノレン基、２－エチルヘキシル基、２－エチルオクチル基、２－エチルドデシル基、ポリエチレングリコールモノメチル基、パーフルオロオクチル基またはパーフルオロドデシル基等が挙げられる。 The alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms is preferably an alkyl group having 8 to 50 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, still more preferably an alkyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, 8 to 18 alkyl groups are particularly preferred.
Specifically, normal octyl group, normal decyl group, normal dodecyl group, normal tetradecyl group, normal hexadecyl group, stearyl group, lauryl group, linol group, linolene group, 2-ethylhexyl group, 2-ethyloctyl group, Examples thereof include 2-ethyldodecyl group, polyethylene glycol monomethyl group, perfluorooctyl group, and perfluorododecyl group.
　これらの中でも、ノルマルオクチル基、２－エチルヘキシル基、ノルマルノニル基、ノルマルデシル基、ノルマルウンデシル基、ノルマルドデシル基、ノルマルテトラデシル基またはノルマルオクタデシル基（ステアリル基）が好ましい。 Among these, normal octyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, normal nonyl group, normal decyl group, normal undecyl group, normal dodecyl group, normal tetradecyl group or normal octadecyl group (stearyl group) are preferable.
　炭素数８以上のアルキル基が置換基を有する場合、置換基としては、フェニル基またはナフチル基等の炭素数６以上アリール基またはハロゲン原子等が挙げられる。例えば、アリール基で置換されたアルキル基、ハロゲンで置換されたハロゲン化アルキル基であってもよい。 When the alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms has a substituent, examples of the substituent include an aryl group having 6 or more carbon atoms such as a phenyl group or a naphthyl group, or a halogen atom. For example, an alkyl group substituted with an aryl group or a halogenated alkyl group substituted with a halogen may be used.
　炭素数１０以上のアリール基は、総炭素数が１０以上のアリール基であればよく、炭化水素である場合に限らず炭素－炭素結合間にヘテロ原子を含有してもよい。また、炭素数１０以上のアリール基は、無置換でもよく、さらに置換基を有していてもよく、置換基を有する場合、置換基がハロゲン原子であることが好ましい。 The aryl group having 10 or more carbon atoms may be an aryl group having a total carbon number of 10 or more, and is not limited to being a hydrocarbon, and may contain a hetero atom between carbon-carbon bonds. In addition, the aryl group having 10 or more carbon atoms may be unsubstituted or may further have a substituent. When the aryl group has a substituent, the substituent is preferably a halogen atom.
　炭素数１０以上のアリール基としては、炭素数１０以上５０以下のアリール基が好ましく、炭素数１０以上３０以下のアリール基がより好ましく、炭素数１０以上２０以下のアリール基がさらに好ましく、炭素数１０以上１８以下のアリール基が特に好ましい。
　具体的には、ナフチル基、アントラセニル基、ピレニル基、ターフェニル基、ナフタセニル基、ペンタセニル基、ベンゾピレニル基、クリセニル基、トリフェニレニル基、コランニュレニル基、コロネニル基、オバレニル基等が挙げられる。 The aryl group having 10 or more carbon atoms is preferably an aryl group having 10 to 50 carbon atoms, more preferably an aryl group having 10 to 30 carbon atoms, still more preferably an aryl group having 10 to 20 carbon atoms, An aryl group of 10 to 18 is particularly preferred.
Specific examples include a naphthyl group, anthracenyl group, pyrenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthacenyl group, pentacenyl group, benzopyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, triphenylenyl group, corannulenyl group, coronenyl group, and obalenyl group.
　これらの中でも、縮環式芳香族炭化水素基が好ましい。 Among these, a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon group is preferable.
　炭素数１０以上のアリール基が置換基を有する場合、置換基としては、例えば、ノルマルオクチル基等の炭素数８以上のアルキル基またはハロゲン原子が挙げられる。例えば、アルキル基に置換したアリール基であってもよい。 When the aryl group having 10 or more carbon atoms has a substituent, examples of the substituent include an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms such as a normal octyl group or a halogen atom. For example, an aryl group substituted with an alkyl group may be used.
　特に好ましい組み合わせとしては、同一分子内にカルボキシ基と炭素数８以上のアルキル基を有する組み合わせであり、具体的には長鎖飽和脂肪酸、長鎖不飽和脂肪酸をより好適に用いることができる。 A particularly preferred combination is a combination having a carboxy group and an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms in the same molecule. Specifically, a long-chain saturated fatty acid or a long-chain unsaturated fatty acid can be used more suitably.
　同一分子内に官能基群（Ｉ）で表される基を２つ以上有し、かつ、炭素数８以上のアルキル基または炭素数１０以上のアリール基を２つ以上有することがより好ましい。 More preferably, it has two or more groups represented by the functional group (I) in the same molecule, and two or more alkyl groups having 8 or more carbon atoms or two or more aryl groups having 10 or more carbon atoms.
（分散媒体）
　本発明の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物は分散媒体を含有してもよい。分散媒体としては、上記の各成分を分散させるものであればよく、具体例としては、例えば、下記のものが挙げられる。 (Dispersion medium)
The solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery of the present invention may contain a dispersion medium. Any dispersion medium may be used as long as it can disperse the above-described components. Specific examples thereof include the following.
　アルコール化合物溶媒は、例えば、メチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、１－プロピルアルコール、２－プロピルアルコール、２－ブタノール、ｔ－ブタノール、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、グリセリン、１，６－ヘキサンジオール、シクロヘキサンジオール、ソルビトール、キシリトール、２－メチル－２，４－ペンタンジオール、１，３－ブタンジオール、１，４－ブタンジオールが挙げられる。 Examples of alcohol compound solvents include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, 1-propyl alcohol, 2-propyl alcohol, 2-butanol, t-butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, 1,6-hexanediol, cyclohexanediol, and sorbitol. Xylitol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol.
　エーテル化合物溶媒は、例えば、アルキレングリコールアルキルエーテル（エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル（ジグリム）、トリエチレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、トリプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル等）、ジメチルエーテル、ジエチルエーテル、ジイソプロピルエーテル、ジブチルエーテル、シクロヘキシルメチルエーテル、ｔ－ブチルメチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサンが挙げられる。 Examples of the ether compound solvent include alkylene glycol alkyl ether (ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (diglyme), triethylene glycol. Polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, etc.), dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dibutyl ether, cyclohexane Methyl ether, t- butyl methyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane.
　アミド化合物溶媒は、例えば、Ｎ，Ｎ－ジメチルホルムアミド、１－メチル－２－ピロリドン、２－ピロリドン、１，３－ジメチル－２－イミダゾリジノン、ε－カプロラクタム、ホルムアミド、Ｎ－メチルホルムアミド、アセトアミド、Ｎ－メチルアセトアミド、Ｎ，Ｎ－ジメチルアセトアミド、Ｎ－メチルプロパンアミド、ヘキサメチルホスホリックトリアミドが挙げられる。 Examples of the amide compound solvent include N, N-dimethylformamide, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 2-pyrrolidone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, ε-caprolactam, formamide, N-methylformamide, and acetamide. , N-methylacetamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpropanamide, hexamethylphosphoric triamide.
　アミノ化合物溶媒は、例えば、トリエチルアミン、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、トリブチルアミンが挙げられる。 Examples of the amino compound solvent include triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, and tributylamine.
　ケトン化合物溶媒は、例えば、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン、ジイソブチルケトンが挙げられる。 Examples of the ketone compound solvent include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, and diisobutyl ketone.
　芳香族化合物溶媒は、例えば、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレンが挙げられる。 Examples of the aromatic compound solvent include benzene, toluene, and xylene.
　エステル化合物溶媒は、例えば、酢酸エチル、酢酸プロピル、酢酸ブチル、蟻酸エチル、蟻酸プロピル、蟻酸ブチル、乳酸エチル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、イソ酪酸メチル、イソ酪酸イソプロピル、ピバル酸メチル、シクロヘキサンカルボン酸イソプロピルが挙げられる。 The ester compound solvent is, for example, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl formate, propyl formate, butyl formate, ethyl lactate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, methyl isobutyrate, isopropyl isobutyrate, methyl pivalate, isopropyl cyclohexanecarboxylate Is mentioned.
　脂肪族化合物溶媒は、例えば、ペンタン、ヘキサン、ヘプタン、オクタン、デカン、シクロヘキサンが挙げられる。 Examples of the aliphatic compound solvent include pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, decane, and cyclohexane.
　ニトリル化合物溶媒は、例えば、アセトニトリル、プロピロニトリル、ブチロニトリルが挙げられる。
　上記分散媒体は、１種を単独で用いても、２種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。 Examples of the nitrile compound solvent include acetonitrile, propyronitrile, and butyronitrile.
The said dispersion medium may be used individually by 1 type, or may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
　分散媒体は常圧（１気圧）での沸点が５０℃以上であることが好ましく、７０℃以上であることがより好ましい。上限は２５０℃以下であることが好ましく、２２０℃以下であることがさらに好ましい。 The dispersion medium preferably has a boiling point of 50 ° C. or higher, more preferably 70 ° C. or higher at normal pressure (1 atm). The upper limit is preferably 250 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 220 ° C. or lower.
　本発明においては、アルコール化合物溶媒（好ましくは、ｔ－ブタノール）、エーテル化合物溶媒（好ましくは、ジブチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジグリム）、アミド化合物溶媒（好ましくは、Ｎ，Ｎ－ジメチルホルムアミド）、芳香族化合物溶媒（好ましくは、トルエン）、エステル化合物溶媒（好ましくは、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート）および脂肪族化合物溶媒（好ましくは、ヘプタン）からなる少なくとも１種を用いることが好ましい。本発明においては、上記分散媒体がエステル化合物溶媒および炭化水素系溶媒からなる少なくとも１種を用いることが好ましく、炭化水素系溶媒が特に好ましい。炭化水素系溶媒としては、上記芳香族化合物溶媒および脂肪族化合物溶媒が挙げられる。
　上記分散媒体を用いることで、固体電解質の劣化を防ぎ、かつ、固体粒子を分散させた組成物を得ることができる。 In the present invention, an alcohol compound solvent (preferably t-butanol), an ether compound solvent (preferably dibutyl ether, propylene glycol dimethyl ether, diglyme), an amide compound solvent (preferably N, N-dimethylformamide), an aromatic It is preferable to use at least one kind consisting of an aromatic compound solvent (preferably toluene), an ester compound solvent (preferably propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate) and an aliphatic compound solvent (preferably heptane). In the present invention, it is preferable to use at least one kind of the dispersion medium comprising an ester compound solvent and a hydrocarbon solvent, and a hydrocarbon solvent is particularly preferable. Examples of the hydrocarbon solvent include the aromatic compound solvent and the aliphatic compound solvent.
By using the dispersion medium, it is possible to obtain a composition in which the solid electrolyte is prevented from being deteriorated and the solid particles are dispersed.
（全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物の含水率）
　本発明の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物の含水率、すなわち分散媒体を含有する場合の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物としての含水率は、５０ｐｐｍ以下が好ましく、４０ｐｐｍ以下がより好ましく、３０ｐｐｍ以下がさらに好ましい。含水率の下限値は特に制限されないが、０．００１ｐｐｍ以上が実際的である。
　なお、全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物の含水率は、カールフィッシャー法により測定することができる。測定装置は、例えば、微量水分測定装置ＣＡ－２００（商品名、三菱化学アナリテック（株）製）、カールフィッシャー液はアクアミクロンＡＸ（商品名、三菱化学（株）製）を使用することができる。
　上記好ましい範囲にあることで、無機固体電解質として硫化物系無機固体電解質を用いる場合に、硫化物系無機固体電解質と水との反応を抑制することができる。 (Moisture content of solid electrolyte composition for all-solid-state secondary battery)
The water content of the solid electrolyte composition for an all solid secondary battery of the present invention, that is, the water content as the solid electrolyte composition for an all solid secondary battery in the case of containing a dispersion medium is preferably 50 ppm or less, more preferably 40 ppm or less. 30 ppm or less is more preferable. The lower limit of the moisture content is not particularly limited, but 0.001 ppm or more is practical.
In addition, the moisture content of the solid electrolyte composition for all-solid-state secondary batteries can be measured by the Karl Fischer method. For example, a trace moisture measuring device CA-200 (trade name, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Analytech Co., Ltd.) may be used as the measuring device, and Aquamicron AX (trade name, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) may be used as the Karl Fischer liquid. it can.
By being in the preferable range, when a sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte is used as the inorganic solid electrolyte, a reaction between the sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte and water can be suppressed.
　全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物の全固形分質量１００質量部に対する分散媒体の含有量は、１０～３００質量部が好ましく、５０～１５０質量部がさらに好ましい。 The content of the dispersion medium is preferably 10 to 300 parts by mass, more preferably 50 to 150 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total solid content of the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery.
＜集電体（金属箔）＞
　正極の集電体および負極の集電体は、電子伝導体が好ましい。正極の集電体は、アルミニウム、ステンレス鋼、ニッケル、チタンなどの他にアルミニウムやステンレス鋼の表面にカーボン、ニッケル、チタンあるいは銀を処理させたものが好ましく、その中でも、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金がより好ましい。負極の集電体は、アルミニウム、銅、ステンレス鋼、ニッケル、チタンが好ましく、アルミニウム、銅、銅合金がより好ましい。 <Current collector (metal foil)>
The positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector are preferably electron conductors. The positive electrode current collector is preferably made by treating the surface of aluminum or stainless steel with carbon, nickel, titanium or silver in addition to aluminum, stainless steel, nickel, titanium, etc. Among them, aluminum and aluminum alloys are more preferable. preferable. The current collector of the negative electrode is preferably aluminum, copper, stainless steel, nickel, or titanium, and more preferably aluminum, copper, or a copper alloy.
　集電体の形状は、通常フィルムシート状のものが使用されるが、ネット、パンチされたもの、ラス体、多孔質体、発泡体、繊維群の成形体なども用いることができる。
　集電体の厚みは、特に限定されないが、１μｍ～５００μｍが好ましい。また、集電体表面は、表面処理により凹凸を付けることも好ましい。 The current collector is usually in the form of a film sheet, but a net, a punched one, a lath, a porous body, a foam, a fiber group molded body, or the like can also be used.
The thickness of the current collector is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 μm to 500 μm. Moreover, it is also preferable that the current collector surface is roughened by surface treatment.
＜全固体二次電池の作製＞
　全固体二次電池の作製は常法によればよい。具体的には、本発明の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物を集電体となる金属箔上に塗布し、塗膜を形成した全固体二次電池用電極シートとする方法が挙げられる。
　本発明の全固体二次電池において、電極層は活物質を含有する。イオン伝導性を向上させる観点から、電極層は上記無機固体電解質を含有することが好ましい。また、固体粒子間、各層間および電極活物質層－集電体間の結着性向上の観点から、電極層はバインダーを含有することが好ましい。
　固体電解質層は、無機固体電解質を含有する。固体粒子間および層間の結着性向上の観点から、固体電解質層はバインダーを含有することも好ましい。 <Preparation of all-solid secondary battery>
The all-solid-state secondary battery may be manufactured by a conventional method. Specifically, the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention is applied on a metal foil as a current collector to form an electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery in which a coating film is formed. .
In the all solid state secondary battery of the present invention, the electrode layer contains an active material. From the viewpoint of improving ion conductivity, the electrode layer preferably contains the inorganic solid electrolyte. The electrode layer preferably contains a binder from the viewpoint of improving the binding between the solid particles, between each layer, and between the electrode active material layer and the current collector.
The solid electrolyte layer contains an inorganic solid electrolyte. From the viewpoint of improving the binding between the solid particles and between the layers, the solid electrolyte layer preferably also contains a binder.
　例えば、正極集電体である金属箔上に正極材料となる本発明の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物を塗布し、正極活物質層を形成し、全固体二次電池用正極シートを作製する。正極活物質層の上に、固体電解質層を形成するための組成物を塗布し、固体電解質層を形成する。さらに、固体電解質層の上に、負極材料となる本発明の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物を塗布し、負極活物質層を形成する。負極活物質層の上に、負極側の集電体（金属箔）を重ねることで、正極活物質層と負極活物質層の間に、固体電解質層が挟まれた全固体二次電池の構造を得ることができる。 For example, a solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery of the present invention as a positive electrode material is applied onto a metal foil that is a positive electrode current collector, a positive electrode active material layer is formed, and a positive electrode sheet for an all-solid secondary battery is formed. Make it. A composition for forming a solid electrolyte layer is applied on the positive electrode active material layer to form a solid electrolyte layer. Furthermore, on the solid electrolyte layer, the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention, which is a negative electrode material, is applied to form a negative electrode active material layer. The structure of an all-solid-state secondary battery in which a solid electrolyte layer is sandwiched between a positive electrode active material layer and a negative electrode active material layer by overlapping a negative electrode current collector (metal foil) on the negative electrode active material layer Can be obtained.
　なお、上記の各組成物の塗布方法は常法によればよい。このとき、正極活物質層を形成するための、本発明の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物、無機固体電解質層を形成するための組成物および負極活物質層を形成するための、本発明の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物は、それぞれ塗布した後に乾燥処理を施してもよいし、重層塗布した後に乾燥処理をしてもよい。
　乾燥温度は特に限定されない。なお、下限は３０℃以上が好ましく、６０℃以上がより好ましく、上限は、３００℃以下が好ましく、２５０℃以下がより好ましい。このような温度範囲で加熱することで、分散媒体を除去し、固体状態にすることができる。 In addition, the application | coating method of said each composition should just follow a conventional method. At this time, the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention for forming the positive electrode active material layer, the composition for forming the inorganic solid electrolyte layer, and the book for forming the negative electrode active material layer The solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the invention may be subjected to a drying treatment after being applied, or may be subjected to a drying treatment after being applied in multiple layers.
The drying temperature is not particularly limited. The lower limit is preferably 30 ° C or higher, more preferably 60 ° C or higher, and the upper limit is preferably 300 ° C or lower, more preferably 250 ° C or lower. By heating in such a temperature range, a dispersion medium can be removed and it can be set as a solid state.
［全固体二次電池の用途］
　本発明の全固体二次電池は種々の用途に適用することができる。適用態様には特に限定はないが、例えば、電子機器に搭載する場合、ノートパソコン、ペン入力パソコン、モバイルパソコン、電子ブックプレーヤー、携帯電話、コードレスフォン子機、ページャー、ハンディーターミナル、携帯ファックス、携帯コピー、携帯プリンター、ヘッドフォンステレオ、ビデオムービー、液晶テレビ、ハンディークリーナー、ポータブルＣＤ、ミニディスク、電気シェーバー、トランシーバー、電子手帳、電卓、メモリーカード、携帯テープレコーダー、ラジオ、バックアップ電源などが挙げられる。その他民生用として、自動車、電動車両、モーター、照明器具、玩具、ゲーム機器、ロードコンディショナー、時計、ストロボ、カメラ、医療機器（ペースメーカー、補聴器、肩もみ機など）などが挙げられる。更に、各種軍需用、宇宙用として用いることができる。また、太陽電池と組み合わせることもできる。 [Use of all-solid-state secondary batteries]
The all solid state secondary battery of the present invention can be applied to various uses. Although there is no particular limitation on the application mode, for example, when installed in an electronic device, a notebook computer, a pen input personal computer, a mobile personal computer, an electronic book player, a mobile phone, a cordless phone, a pager, a handy terminal, a mobile fax machine, a mobile phone Copy, portable printer, headphone stereo, video movie, LCD TV, handy cleaner, portable CD, mini-disc, electric shaver, transceiver, electronic notebook, calculator, memory card, portable tape recorder, radio, backup power supply, etc. Other consumer products include automobiles, electric vehicles, motors, lighting equipment, toys, game equipment, road conditioners, watches, strobes, cameras, medical equipment (such as pacemakers, hearing aids, and shoulder grinders). Furthermore, it can be used for various military use and space use. Moreover, it can also combine with a solar cell.
　なかでも、高容量かつ高レート放電特性が要求されるアプリケーションに適用することが好ましい。例えば、今後大容量化が予想される蓄電設備等においては高い安全性が必須となりさらに電池性能の両立が要求される。また、電気自動車などは高容量の二次電池を搭載し、家庭で日々充電が行われる用途が想定され、過充電時に対して一層の安全性が求められる。本発明によれば、このような使用形態に好適に対応してその優れた効果を発揮することができる。 Especially, it is preferable to apply to applications that require high capacity and high rate discharge characteristics. For example, in power storage facilities and the like that are expected to increase in capacity in the future, high safety is essential, and further compatibility of battery performance is required. In addition, electric vehicles and the like are equipped with a high-capacity secondary battery and are expected to be charged every day at home, and further safety is required against overcharging. According to the present invention, it is possible to exhibit the excellent effect correspondingly to such a usage pattern.
　本発明の好ましい実施形態によれば、以下のような各応用形態が導かれる。
〔１〕周期律表第１族又は第２族に属する金属のイオンの伝導性を有する無機固体電解質粒子を含み、電極活物質粒子および導電助剤粒子を含有し、有機化合物基が、無機固体電解質粒子、電極活物質粒子および導電助剤粒子の３種の表面に、共有結合を介して担持されており、粒子表面の共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物（正極または負極の電極用組成物）。
〔２〕周期律表第１族又は第２族に属する金属のイオンの伝導性を有する無機固体電解質粒子を含み、電極活物質粒子および導電助剤粒子を含有し、有機化合物基が、無機固体電解質粒子、電極活物質粒子および導電助剤粒子の３種の表面に、共有結合を介して担持されており、粒子表面の共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である全固体二次電池用電極シート。
〔３〕上記全固体二次電池用電極シートを用いて構成される全固体二次電池。
〔４〕上記全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物を金属箔上に適用し、製膜する全固体二次電池用電極シートの製造方法。
〔５〕上記全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物を湿式スラリー塗工する全固体二次電池用電極シートの製造方法。
〔６〕上記全固体二次電池用全固体二次電池用電極シートの製造方法を介して、全固体二次電池を製造する全固体二次電池の製造方法。 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the following applications are derived.
[1] Inorganic solid electrolyte particles having conductivity of metal ions belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the Periodic Table, containing electrode active material particles and conductive assistant particles, wherein the organic compound group is an inorganic solid All solids supported on the three surfaces of electrolyte particles, electrode active material particles and conductive auxiliary particles via covalent bonds, and the amount of covalent bonds on the particle surfaces is 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2 or more. A solid electrolyte composition for a secondary battery (positive electrode or negative electrode composition).
[2] Inorganic solid electrolyte particles having conductivity of metal ions belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the Periodic Table, comprising electrode active material particles and conductive auxiliary particles, wherein the organic compound group is an inorganic solid All solids supported on the three surfaces of electrolyte particles, electrode active material particles and conductive auxiliary particles via covalent bonds, and the amount of covalent bonds on the particle surfaces is 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2 or more. Secondary battery electrode sheet.
[3] An all-solid secondary battery configured using the electrode sheet for an all-solid secondary battery.
[4] A method for producing an electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery, wherein the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery is applied onto a metal foil to form a film.
[5] A method for producing an electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery, wherein the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery is coated with a wet slurry.
[6] A method for producing an all-solid-state secondary battery, wherein an all-solid-state secondary battery is produced via the above-described method for producing an electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery.
　なお、集電体上に本発明の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物を適用する方法としては、例えば、塗布（湿式塗布、スプレー塗布、スピンコート塗布、スリット塗布、ストライプ塗布、バーコート塗布ディップコート）が挙げられ、湿式塗布（塗工）が好ましい。 In addition, as a method of applying the solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention on the current collector, for example, coating (wet coating, spray coating, spin coating coating, slit coating, stripe coating, bar coating coating) Dip coating), and wet coating (coating) is preferred.
　全固体二次電池とは、正極、負極、電解質がともに固体で構成された二次電池を言う。換言すれば、電解質としてカーボネート系の溶媒を用いるような電解液型の二次電池とは区別される。このなかで、本発明は無機全固体二次電池を前提とする。全固体二次電池には、電解質としてポリエチレンオキサイド等の高分子化合物を用いる有機（高分子）全固体二次電池と、上記のＬｉ－Ｐ－Ｓ系ガラス、ＬＬＴやＬＬＺ等を用いる無機全固体二次電池とに区分される。なお、無機全固体二次電池に高分子化合物を適用することは妨げられず、正極活物質、負極活物質、無機固体電解質のバインダーとして高分子化合物を適用することができる。
　無機固体電解質とは、上述した高分子化合物をイオン伝導媒体とする電解質（高分子電解質）とは区別されるものであり、無機化合物がイオン伝導媒体となるものである。具体例としては、上記のＬｉ－Ｐ－Ｓ系ガラス、ＬＬＴやＬＬＺが挙げられる。無機固体電解質は、それ自体が陽イオン（Ｌｉイオン）を放出するものではなく、イオンの輸送機能を示すものである。これに対して、電解液ないし固体電解質層に添加して陽イオン（Ｌｉイオン）を放出するイオンの供給源となる材料を電解質と呼ぶことがある。上記のイオン輸送材料としての電解質と区別する際には、これを「電解質塩」または「支持電解質」と呼ぶ。電解質塩としては、例えばＬｉＴＦＳＩが挙げられる。
　本発明において「組成物」というときには、２種以上の成分が均一に混合された混合物を意味する。ただし、実質的に均一性が維持されていればよく、所望の効果を奏する範囲で、一部において凝集や偏在が生じていてもよい。 An all-solid secondary battery refers to a secondary battery in which the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the electrolyte are all solid. In other words, it is distinguished from an electrolyte type secondary battery using a carbonate-based solvent as an electrolyte. In this, this invention presupposes an inorganic all-solid-state secondary battery. The all-solid-state secondary battery includes an organic (polymer) all-solid-state secondary battery that uses a polymer compound such as polyethylene oxide as an electrolyte, and an inorganic all-solid-state that uses the above-described Li—PS glass, LLT, LLZ, or the like. It is divided into secondary batteries. Note that the application of the polymer compound to the inorganic all-solid secondary battery is not hindered, and the polymer compound can be applied as a binder for the positive electrode active material, the negative electrode active material, and the inorganic solid electrolyte.
The inorganic solid electrolyte is distinguished from an electrolyte (polymer electrolyte) using the above-described polymer compound as an ion conductive medium, and the inorganic compound serves as an ion conductive medium. Specific examples include the above-described Li—PS glass, LLT, and LLZ. The inorganic solid electrolyte itself does not release cations (Li ions) but exhibits an ion transport function. On the other hand, a material that is added to the electrolytic solution or the solid electrolyte layer and serves as a source of ions that release cations (Li ions) is sometimes called an electrolyte. When distinguishing from the electrolyte as the above ion transport material, this is called “electrolyte salt” or “supporting electrolyte”. An example of the electrolyte salt is LiTFSI.
In the present invention, the term “composition” means a mixture in which two or more components are uniformly mixed. However, as long as the uniformity is substantially maintained, aggregation or uneven distribution may partially occur within a range in which a desired effect is achieved.
　以下に、実施例に基づき本発明についてさらに詳細に説明する。なお、本発明がこれにより限定して解釈されるものではない。以下の実施例において「部」および「％」というときには、特に断らない限り質量基準である。また、表中において使用する「－」は、その列の組成を有しないこと等を意味する。また、室温とは２５℃を意味する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples. The present invention is not construed as being limited thereby. In the following examples, “parts” and “%” are based on mass unless otherwise specified. In addition, “-” used in the table means that it does not have the composition of the column. Moreover, room temperature means 25 degreeC.
＜硫化物系無機固体電解質の合成＞
－Ｌｉ－Ｐ－Ｓ系ガラスの合成－
　硫化物系無機固体電解質として、Ｔ．Ｏｈｔｏｍｏ，Ａ．Ｈａｙａｓｈｉ，Ｍ．Ｔａｔｓｕｍｉｓａｇｏ，Ｙ．Ｔｓｕｃｈｉｄａ，Ｓ．ＨａｍGａ，Ｋ．Ｋａｗａｍｏｔｏ，Ｊｏｕｒｎａｌ　ｏｆ　Ｐｏｗｅｒ　Ｓｏｕｒｃｅｓ，２３３，（２０１３），ｐｐ２３１－２３５およびＡ．Ｈａｙａｓｈｉ，Ｓ．Ｈａｍａ，Ｈ．Ｍｏｒｉｍｏｔｏ，Ｍ．Ｔａｔｓｕｍｉｓａｇｏ，Ｔ．Ｍｉｎａｍｉ，Ｃｈｅｍ．Ｌｅｔｔ．，（２００１），ｐｐ８７２－８７３の非特許文献を参考にして、Ｌｉ－Ｐ－Ｓ系ガラスを合成した。 <Synthesis of sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte>
-Synthesis of Li-PS system glass-
As a sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte, T.I. Ohtomo, A .; Hayashi, M .; Tatsumisago, Y. et al. Tsuchida, S .; HamGa, K .; Kawamoto, Journal of Power Sources, 233, (2013), pp231-235 and A.K. Hayashi, S .; Hama, H .; Morimoto, M .; Tatsumisago, T .; Minami, Chem. Lett. , (2001), pp 872-873, Li—PS glass was synthesized.
　具体的には、アルゴン雰囲気下（露点－７０℃）のグローブボックス内で、硫化リチウム（Ｌｉ２Ｓ、Ａｌｄｒｉｃｈ社製、純度＞９９．９８％）２．４２ｇ、五硫化二リン（Ｐ２Ｓ５、Ａｌｄｒｉｃｈ社製、純度＞９９％）３．９０ｇをそれぞれ秤量し、メノウ製乳鉢に投入し、メノウ製乳棒を用いて、５分間混合した。なお、Ｌｉ２ＳおよびＰ２Ｓ５の混合比は、モル比でＬｉ２Ｓ：Ｐ２Ｓ５＝７５：２５とした。
　ジルコニア製４５ｍＬ容器（フリッチュ社製）に、直径５ｍｍのジルコニアビーズを６６個投入し、上記硫化リチウムと五硫化二リンの混合物全量を投入し、アルゴン雰囲気下で容器を密閉した。フリッチュ社製の遊星ボールミルＰ－７（商品名）にこの容器をセットし、温度２５℃、回転数５１０ｒｐｍで２０時間メカニカルミリングを行い、黄色粉体の硫化物固体電解質（Ｌｉ－Ｐ－Ｓ系ガラス）６．２０ｇを得た。 Specifically, in a glove box under an argon atmosphere (dew point −70 ° C.), 2.42 g of lithium sulfide (Li 2 S, manufactured by Aldrich, purity> 99.98%), diphosphorus pentasulfide (P 2 S 5 , 3.90 g manufactured by Aldrich, purity> 99%) was weighed, put into an agate mortar, and mixed for 5 minutes using an agate pestle. The mixing ratio of Li 2 S and P 2 S 5 was Li 2 S: P 2 S 5 = 75: 25 in terms of molar ratio.
66 zirconia beads having a diameter of 5 mm were introduced into a 45 mL container (manufactured by Fritsch) made of zirconia, the whole mixture of lithium sulfide and phosphorous pentasulfide was introduced, and the container was sealed under an argon atmosphere. This container is set in a planetary ball mill P-7 (trade name) manufactured by Frichtu, and mechanical milling is performed at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a rotation speed of 510 rpm for 20 hours to obtain a yellow powder sulfide solid electrolyte (Li-PS system). 6.20 g of glass) was obtained.
＜粒子の表面改質＞
－ＵＶ処理－
［粒子ＹＲ－１１の調製］
　テフロン（登録商標、イー　アイ　デュポン　ドゥ　ヌムール　アンド　カンパニー）製バットにＬＣＯ（ＬｉＣｏＯ２、コバルト酸リチウム）２０ｇを均一になるように馴らしてＵＶ処理装置ＯＰＬ１１０２（商品名、マリオネットワーク社製）に入れ、室温で、窒素ガスを１０分間装置に吹き込んで窒素雰囲気とした。これに６０分間ＵＶ照射を行い、表面処理したＬＣＯ粉末を得た。さらに、表面処理したＬＣＯ粉末を水分のある空気中（室温、湿度５０％）に約３分間晒した。
　表面処理したＬＣＯ粉末を１００ｍＬサンプル瓶に加え、トリコサフルオロドデカン酸クロリド１ｇのトルエン５０ｇ希釈溶液を加えてローターにより、室温で、２４時間回転撹拌した。攪拌後、溶液をろ過し、ろ過物をトルエンで洗浄したのち１００℃で６時間乾燥して粒子ＹＲ－１１を得た。
　なお、トルエンで洗浄することで、粒子に共有結合していない有機物は洗浄された。
　同様にして、後述の表１に示す粒子ＹＲ－２１および粒子ＹＲ－３１を得た。 <Surface modification of particles>
-UV treatment-
[Preparation of Particle YR-11]
Teflon (registered trademark, EI DuPont de Nemours & Co.) vat is conditioned with LCO (LiCoO 2 , lithium cobaltate) 20 g in a uniform manner and put into a UV processing apparatus OPL1102 (trade name, manufactured by Mario Network) At room temperature, nitrogen gas was blown into the apparatus for 10 minutes to form a nitrogen atmosphere. This was irradiated with UV for 60 minutes to obtain a surface-treated LCO powder. Further, the surface-treated LCO powder was exposed to moisture in air (room temperature, humidity 50%) for about 3 minutes.
The surface-treated LCO powder was added to a 100 mL sample bottle, a diluted solution of 50 g of toluene in 1 g of tricosafluorododecanoic acid chloride was added, and the mixture was rotated and stirred at room temperature for 24 hours by a rotor. After stirring, the solution was filtered, and the filtrate was washed with toluene and dried at 100 ° C. for 6 hours to obtain particles YR-11.
Note that organic substances that were not covalently bonded to the particles were washed by washing with toluene.
Similarly, particles YR-21 and YR-31 shown in Table 1 described later were obtained.
－測定および算出方法－
［表面膜厚］
　粒子ＹＲ－１１の粉末を透過型電子顕微鏡（ＴＥＭ）（商品名：ＪＥＭ－３２００ＦＳ（ＪＥＯＬ（株）製））で観察し表面修飾された部分の膜厚を測定したところ１０点平均で０．６ｎｍであった。
［表面共有結合量］
　以下のように、ＢＥＴ法により、比表面積を測定した。
　株式会社マウンテック製、全自動比表面積測定装置、商品名「Ｍａｃｓｏｒｂ　ＨＭ　ｍｏｄｅｌ－１２０８」を使用し、液体窒素を用いて１点法でＢＥＴ比表面積を測定した。ＬＣＯの比表面積は２．２×１０４ｃｍ２／ｇあった。
　次に、粒子ＹＲ－１１の表面を修飾する有機化合物基となった有機化合物の質量をＴＧ／ＤＴＡ（熱分析計ＤＴＧ－６０Ｈ、商品名、島津製作所（株）製）における揮発分により求めた。有機化合物の質量は、粒子１ｇあたり０．００３ｇであった。このことから、粒子ＹＲ－１１の表面共有結合量は、
　（０．００３／６１４）／（２．２×１０４）＝２．２×１０－１０（ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２）と算出された。
　下記調製した粒子の測定および算出も同様にして行った。結果をまとめて後述の表１に示す。 -Measurement and calculation method-
[Surface thickness]
The powder of the particle YR-11 was observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM) (trade name: JEM-3200FS (manufactured by JEOL)), and the thickness of the surface-modified portion was measured. It was 6 nm.
[Surface covalent bond amount]
The specific surface area was measured by the BET method as follows.
A BET specific surface area was measured by a one-point method using liquid nitrogen using a fully automatic specific surface area measuring device manufactured by Mountec Co., Ltd., trade name “Macsorb HM model-1208”. The specific surface area of LCO was 2.2 × 10 4 cm 2 / g.
Next, the mass of the organic compound that became the organic compound group that modifies the surface of the particle YR-11 was determined by the volatile content in TG / DTA (thermal analyzer DTG-60H, trade name, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). . The mass of the organic compound was 0.003 g per 1 g of particles. From this, the surface covalent bond amount of the particle YR-11 is
It was calculated as (0.003 / 614) / (2.2 × 10 4 ) = 2.2 × 10 −10 (mol / cm 2 ).
Measurement and calculation of the following prepared particles were performed in the same manner. The results are summarized in Table 1 described later.
－電子線（ＥＢ）処理－
［粒子ＹＲ－１２の調製］
　テフロン製バットにＬＣＯ粉末２０ｇを均一になるように馴らしてＥＢ処理装置ＥＣ２５０／１５／１８０Ｌ（商品名、アイ・エレクトロンビーム（株）製）に入れ、室温、真空状態で２０分間電子線照射を行い、表面処理したＬＣＯ粉末を得た。さらに、表面処理したＬＣＯ粉末を水分のある空気中（室温、湿度５０％）に約３分間晒した。
　表面処理したＬＣＯ粉末を１００ｍＬサンプル瓶に加え、メタクリル酸ドデシル１ｇのトルエン５０ｇ希釈溶液を加えてローターにより、室温で、２４時間回転撹拌した。攪拌後、溶液をろ過し、ろ過物をトルエンで洗浄したのち１００℃で６時間乾燥して粒子ＹＲ－１２を得た。
　なお、トルエンで洗浄することで、粒子に共有結合していない有機物は洗浄された。 -Electron beam (EB) treatment-
[Preparation of Particle YR-12]
Acquire 20g of LCO powder in a Teflon bat so that it is uniform, and place it in an EB processing device EC250 / 15 / 180L (trade name, manufactured by I. Electron Beam Co., Ltd.). And surface-treated LCO powder was obtained. Further, the surface-treated LCO powder was exposed to moisture in air (room temperature, humidity 50%) for about 3 minutes.
The surface-treated LCO powder was added to a 100 mL sample bottle, and a 50 g diluted solution of 1 g of dodecyl methacrylate in toluene was added thereto, and the mixture was rotated and stirred at room temperature for 24 hours by a rotor. After stirring, the solution was filtered, and the filtrate was washed with toluene and dried at 100 ° C. for 6 hours to obtain particles YR-12.
Note that organic substances that were not covalently bonded to the particles were washed by washing with toluene.
－低温大気圧プラズマ処理方法－
［粒子ＹＲ－１３の調製］
　大気圧粉体プラズマ装置ＡＳＳ－４００（商品名、魁半導体製）にＬＣＯ粉末２０ｇを加え、低温大気圧プラズマとして窒素プラズマを２０分間照射した。照射条件を以下に示す。 -Low temperature atmospheric pressure plasma treatment method-
[Preparation of Particle YR-13]
20 g of LCO powder was added to an atmospheric pressure powder plasma apparatus ASS-400 (trade name, manufactured by Sakai Semiconductor), and nitrogen plasma was irradiated as low temperature atmospheric pressure plasma for 20 minutes. Irradiation conditions are shown below.
＜照射条件＞
　照射温度：室温（２５℃）
　ＬＣＯ粉末と大気圧粉体プラズマ装置のノズルとの距離：１００ｍｍ
　窒素ガス流量０．５Ｌ／ｍｉｎ
　出力：２５０Ｗ
　回転速度：４ｒｐｍ
　圧力：１００ｋＰａ <Irradiation conditions>
Irradiation temperature: Room temperature (25 ° C)
Distance between LCO powder and atmospheric pressure powder plasma device nozzle: 100 mm
Nitrogen gas flow rate 0.5L / min
Output: 250W
Rotation speed: 4rpm
Pressure: 100kPa
　低温プラズマ処理後のＬＣＯ粉末を、水分のある空気中（室温、湿度５０％）に約３分間晒した後、１００ｍＬサンプル瓶に加え、アクリル酸ウンデセン１ｇのトルエン５０ｇ希釈溶液を加えてローターにより、室温で、２４時間回転撹拌した。これをろ過し、トルエンで洗浄したのち１００℃で６時間乾燥して粒子ＹＲ－１３を得た。
　同様にして、後述の表１に示す粒子ＹＲ－１４、粒子ＹＲ－２２～２４、粒子ＹＲ－３２～３６、粒子ＹＲ－４１、粒子ＹＲ－４２および粒子ＹＲ－５１～５３を得た。 After the LCO powder after the low-temperature plasma treatment is exposed to moisture in air (room temperature, humidity 50%) for about 3 minutes, it is added to a 100 mL sample bottle, a diluted solution of 50 g of toluene of 1 g of undecene acrylate is added to the rotor, The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. This was filtered, washed with toluene, and dried at 100 ° C. for 6 hours to obtain particles YR-13.
Similarly, particles YR-14, particles YR-22 to 24, particles YR-32 to 36, particles YR-41, particles YR-42 and particles YR-51 to 53 shown in Table 1 described later were obtained.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
＜表の注＞
ＬＣＯ：ＬｉＣｏＯ２（コバルト酸リチウム）
ＬＬＺ：Ｌｉ７Ｌａ３Ｚｒ２Ｏ１２（ランタンジルコン酸リチウム、平均粒子径５．０６μｍ、豊島製作所製）
Ｌｉ－Ｐ－Ｓ：上記で合成したＬｉ－Ｐ－Ｓ系ガラス
ＡＢ：アセチレンブラック
Ｄ－１：表面担持トリコサフルオロドデカン酸エステル基（有機化合物：トリコサフルオロドデカン酸クロリド）（Ｍｗ６１４）
Ｄ－２：表面担持ポリメタクリル酸ドデシル基（有機化合物：メタクリル酸ドデシル）（Ｍｗ８９００）
Ｄ－３：表面担持ポリアクリル酸ウンデセン基（有機化合物：アクリル酸ウンデセン）（Ｍｗ７５００）
Ｄ－４：表面担持ポリメタクリル酸シリコーン基（有機化合物：メタクリル酸シリコーン（信越シリコーンｘ－２２－１７４ＢＸ））（Ｍｗ９７００）
Ｄ－５：表面担持ポリウレタン基（有機化合物：ジシクロヘキシルメタンジイソシアネート）（Ｍｗ９９００）
Ｄ－６：表面担持ポリウレア基（有機化合物：イソホロンジイソシアネート）（Ｍｗ８５００）
Ｄ－７：表面担持シリコーン基（有機化合物：ビニルトリエトキシシラン）（Ｍｗ６２００） <Notes on the table>
LCO: LiCoO 2 (lithium cobaltate)
LLZ: Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (Lithium lanthanum zirconate, average particle size 5.06 μm, manufactured by Toshima Seisakusho)
Li-PS: Li-PS system glass AB synthesized above: Acetylene black D-1: Surface-supported tricosafluorododecanoic acid ester group (organic compound: tricosafluorododecanoic acid chloride) (Mw 614)
D-2: Surface-supported polydodecyl methacrylate group (organic compound: dodecyl methacrylate) (Mw8900)
D-3: Surface-supported polyacrylic acid undecene group (organic compound: acrylic acid undecene) (Mw7500)
D-4: Surface-supported poly (methacrylic acid silicone) group (organic compound: silicone methacrylate (Shin-Etsu Silicone x-22-174BX)) (Mw9700)
D-5: Surface-supported polyurethane group (organic compound: dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate) (Mw9900)
D-6: Surface-supported polyurea group (organic compound: isophorone diisocyanate) (Mw8500)
D-7: Surface-supported silicone group (organic compound: vinyltriethoxysilane) (Mw6200)
－質量平均分子量の測定－
　用いた有機化合物の質量平均分子量は、上記洗浄によってえられたろ液に含まれる有機化合物に対して、ＧＰＣによって標準ポリスチレン換算したものを採用した。測定装置及び測定条件を以下に示す。
　　カラム：ＴＯＳＯＨ　ＴＳＫｇｅｌ　Ｓｕｐｅｒ　ＨＺＭ－Ｈ、
　　　　　　ＴＯＳＯＨ　ＴＳＫｇｅｌ　Ｓｕｐｅｒ　ＨＺ４０００、
　　　　　　ＴＯＳＯＨ　ＴＳＫｇｅｌ　Ｓｕｐｅｒ　ＨＺ２０００（いずれも商品名、東ソー社製）
をつないだカラムを用いた。
　　キャリア：テトラヒドロフラン
　　測定温度：４０℃
　　キャリア流量：１．０ｍＬ／ｍｉｎ
　　試料濃度：０．１質量％
　　検出器：ＲＩ（屈折率）検出器 -Measurement of mass average molecular weight-
As the mass average molecular weight of the organic compound used, a standard polystyrene converted by GPC was adopted for the organic compound contained in the filtrate obtained by the above washing. The measurement apparatus and measurement conditions are shown below.
Column: TOSOH TSKgel Super HZM-H,
TOSOH TSKgel Super HZ4000,
TOSOH TSKgel Super HZ2000 (both trade names, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation)
A column connected with was used.
Carrier: Tetrahydrofuran Measurement temperature: 40 ° C
Carrier flow rate: 1.0 mL / min
Sample concentration: 0.1% by mass
Detector: RI (refractive index) detector
［実施例・比較例］
－全固体二次電池用電極シートＳ－１の作成－
　ジルコニア製４５ｍＬ容器（フリッチュ社製）に、直径５ｍｍのジルコニアビーズを１８０個投入し、表面改質した正極活物質（粒子ＹＲ－１１）８．０ｇ、無機固体電解質として表面改質していないＬＬＺ（粒子Ｒ－２）４．０ｇ、分散媒体としてプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート　１５ｇを投入した。その後、フリッチュ社製遊星ボールミルＰ－７（商品名）に容器をセットし、温度２５℃、回転数３００ｒｐｍで２時間混合を続け、全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物スラリーを調製した。
　上記全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物スラリーを厚み２０μｍのアルミ箔上に、アプリケーター（商品名ＳＡ－２０１ベーカー式アプリケータ、テスター産業社製）により塗布し、８０℃で１時間加熱した後、さらに１２０℃で１時間加熱し、分散媒体を乾燥させた。その後、ヒートプレス機を用いて、電極活物質層を加熱（１５０℃）しながら加圧し（６００ＭＰａ、１０秒）、電極活物質層の厚さ１５０μｍの全固体二次電池用電極シートＳ－１を得た。
　同様にして、全固体二次電池用電極シートＳ－２～Ｓ－１０およびＨＳ－１～ＨＳ－４を得た。なお、負極活物質の使用量は８．０ｇであり、導電助剤の使用量は０．５ｇである。 [Examples and Comparative Examples]
-Preparation of electrode sheet S-1 for all-solid-state secondary battery-
A zirconia 45 mL container (manufactured by Fritsch) was charged with 180 zirconia beads having a diameter of 5 mm, 8.0 g of a surface-modified positive electrode active material (particle YR-11), and LLZ that was not surface-modified as an inorganic solid electrolyte. (Particle R-2) 4.0 g and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate 15 g as a dispersion medium were added. Thereafter, the container was set in a planetary ball mill P-7 (trade name) manufactured by Fritsch, and mixing was continued at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a rotation speed of 300 rpm for 2 hours to prepare a solid electrolyte composition slurry for an all-solid-state secondary battery.
After applying the solid electrolyte composition slurry for an all-solid-state secondary battery to an aluminum foil having a thickness of 20 μm with an applicator (trade name: SA-201 Baker type applicator, manufactured by Tester Sangyo Co., Ltd.) and heating at 80 ° C. for 1 hour. Further, the dispersion medium was dried by heating at 120 ° C. for 1 hour. Thereafter, the electrode active material layer was pressurized while being heated (150 ° C.) using a heat press machine (600 MPa, 10 seconds), and the electrode sheet S-1 for an all-solid-state secondary battery having an electrode active material layer thickness of 150 μm. Got.
Similarly, electrode sheets S-2 to S-10 and HS-1 to HS-4 for all solid state secondary batteries were obtained. In addition, the usage-amount of a negative electrode active material is 8.0g, and the usage-amount of a conductive support agent is 0.5g.
－全固体二次電池用電極シートＳ－１１の作製－
［全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物(正極活物質層形成用組成物)スラリーの調製］
　下記表２に記載の成分（正極活物質８．０ｇ、無機固体電解質４．０ｇ）を用いた以外は、上記全固体二次電池用電極シートＳ－１の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物スラリーと同様にして、全固体二次電池用電極シートＳ－１１の正極活物質層を形成するための正極活物質層形成用組成物スラリーを調製した。 -Production of electrode sheet S-11 for all solid state secondary battery-
[Preparation of Solid Electrolyte Composition (Composition for Forming Positive Electrode Active Material Layer) Slurry for All Solid Secondary Battery]
The solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery of the all-solid-state secondary battery electrode sheet S-1 except that the components shown in Table 2 below (positive electrode active material 8.0 g, inorganic solid electrolyte 4.0 g) were used. In the same manner as the product slurry, a positive electrode active material layer forming composition slurry for forming the positive electrode active material layer of the electrode sheet S-11 for all-solid-state secondary battery was prepared.
［固体電解質層形成用組成物スラリーの調製］
　ジルコニア製４５ｍＬ容器（フリッチュ社製）に、直径５ｍｍのジルコニアビーズを１８０個投入し、表面改質した無機固体電解質（粒子ＹＲ－３５）５ｇ、分散媒体としてプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート１０ｇを投入した。その後、この容器を遊星ボールミルＰ－７（フリッチュ社製）にセットし、温度２５℃、回転数３００ｒｐｍで２時間攪拌を続け、固体電解質層形成用組成物スラリーを調製した。 [Preparation of composition slurry for forming solid electrolyte layer]
In a 45 mL zirconia container (manufactured by Fritsch), 180 zirconia beads having a diameter of 5 mm were charged, 5 g of a surface-modified inorganic solid electrolyte (particle YR-35), and 10 g of propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate as a dispersion medium. Thereafter, this container was set in a planetary ball mill P-7 (manufactured by Fritsch), and stirring was continued for 2 hours at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a rotation speed of 300 rpm to prepare a composition slurry for forming a solid electrolyte layer.
［全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物(負極活物質層形成用組成物)スラリーの調製］
　下記表２に記載の成分（負極活物質８．０ｇ、無機固体電解質４．０ｇ）を用いた以外は、上記全固体二次電池用電極シートＳ－１の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物スラリーと同様にして、全固体二次電池用電極シートＳ－１１の負極活物質層を形成するための負極活物質層形成用組成物スラリーを調製した。 [Preparation of slurry for all-solid-state secondary battery solid electrolyte composition (negative electrode active material layer forming composition)]
Solid electrolyte composition for all-solid-state secondary battery of the above-mentioned electrode sheet S-1 for all-solid-state secondary battery except that the components shown in Table 2 below (negative electrode active material 8.0 g, inorganic solid electrolyte 4.0 g) were used In the same manner as the product slurry, a negative electrode active material layer forming composition slurry for forming the negative electrode active material layer of the electrode sheet S-11 for all-solid-state secondary battery was prepared.
　上記正極活物質層形成用組成物スラリーを厚み２０μｍのアルミ箔上に、アプリケーター（商品名ＳＡ－２０１ベーカー式アプリケータ、テスター産業社製）により塗布し、８０℃で１時間加熱した後、さらに１２０℃で１時間加熱し、分散媒体を乾燥させた。その後、ヒートプレス機を用いて、電極活物質層を加熱（１５０℃）しながら加圧し（６００ＭＰａ、１０秒）、正極活物質層の厚さ１５０μｍの全固体二次電池用正極シートを得た。 The positive electrode active material layer forming composition slurry was applied onto an aluminum foil having a thickness of 20 μm by an applicator (trade name SA-201 Baker type applicator, manufactured by Tester Sangyo Co., Ltd.), heated at 80 ° C. for 1 hour, The dispersion medium was dried by heating at 120 ° C. for 1 hour. Thereafter, using a heat press, the electrode active material layer was pressurized while being heated (150 ° C.) (600 MPa, 10 seconds) to obtain a positive electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery having a positive electrode active material layer thickness of 150 μm. .
　上記で作製した全固体二次電池用正極シート上に、上記固体電解質層形成用組成物スラリーを、アプリケーター（商品名:ＳＡ－２０１ベーカー式アプリケータ、テスター産業社製）により塗布し、８０℃で１時間加熱後、さらに１１０℃で１時間加熱し、厚み５０μｍの固体電解質層を形成した。その後、上記で調製した負極活物質層形成用組成物スラリーをさらに塗布し、８０℃で１時間加熱後、さらに１１０℃で１時間加熱し、厚み１００μｍの負極活物質層を形成した。ヒートプレス機を用いて、加熱（１２０℃）しながら加圧し（２００ＭＰａ、１分）、全固体二次電池用電極シートＳ－１１を得た。
　下記表２に記載の成分を用いた以外は、全固体二次電池用電極シートＳ－１１と同様にして、全固体二次電池用電極シートＨＳ－５を得た。なお、シートＨＳ－５の作製において、各スラリーに用いた導電助剤の使用量は０．５ｇである。 The solid electrolyte layer forming composition slurry is applied onto the positive electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery prepared above by an applicator (trade name: SA-201 Baker type applicator, manufactured by Tester Sangyo Co., Ltd.), and 80 ° C. And then heated at 110 ° C. for 1 hour to form a solid electrolyte layer having a thickness of 50 μm. Thereafter, the negative electrode active material layer-forming composition slurry prepared above was further applied, heated at 80 ° C. for 1 hour, and further heated at 110 ° C. for 1 hour to form a negative electrode active material layer having a thickness of 100 μm. Using a heat press machine, pressure (200 MPa, 1 minute) was applied while heating (120 ° C.) to obtain an electrode sheet S-11 for an all-solid-state secondary battery.
An all-solid-state secondary battery electrode sheet HS-5 was obtained in the same manner as the all-solid-state secondary battery electrode sheet S-11 except that the components listed in Table 2 below were used. In the production of the sheet HS-5, the amount of the conductive aid used for each slurry is 0.5 g.
　Ｓ－１～Ｓ－１１が本発明の規定を満たす全固体二次電池用電極シートであり、ＨＳ－１～ＨＳ－５が比較用の全固体二次電池用電極シートである。
　なお、下記表２において、全固体二次電池用電極シートを「シート」と記載してある。 S-1 to S-11 are all-solid-state secondary battery electrode sheets that satisfy the provisions of the present invention, and HS-1 to HS-5 are all-solid-state secondary battery electrode sheets for comparison.
In Table 2 below, the electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery is described as “sheet”.
＜試験＞
　上記で作製した全固体二次電池用電極シートについて結着性試験を行った。以下、試験方法を記載する。また、測定結果を下記表２にまとめて記載する。 <Test>
The binding test was performed on the electrode sheet for an all-solid secondary battery produced above. The test method is described below. The measurement results are summarized in Table 2 below.
＜結着性試験＞
　得られた全固体二次電池用電極シートについて１８０°ピール強度試験（ＪＩＳ　Ｚ０２３７－２００９）を行った。
　全固体二次電池用電極シートの電極活物質層に粘着テープ（幅２４ｍｍ、長さ３００ｍｍ）（商品名：セロテープＣＴ－２４、ニチバン社製）を貼り付けた。テープの端を把持して１８０°に折り返して電極活物質層から２５ｍｍはがした後、下記試験機に設置した下側の治具にその粘着テープをはがした部分の全固体二次電池用電極シートの片端を固定し、上側の治具に粘着テープを固定した。
　３００ｍｍ／ｍｉｎの負荷速度で試験を実施した。測定開始後２５ｍｍ粘着テープを引き剥がした後、電極活物質層から引きはがされた５０ｍｍの長さの０．０５ｍｍごとの粘着力測定値を平均し、引きはがし粘着力の値（平均ピール強度（Ｎ））とした。
　その際の平均ピール強度が高いほど結着力が高いことを示す。
　ピール強度は標準タイプデジタルフォースゲージＺＴＳ－５Ｎと、縦型電動計測スタンドＭＸ２シリーズ（いずれも商品名、イマダ（株）製）を組み合わせて行った。
　なお、全固体二次電池用電極シートＳ－１１およびＨＳ－５については、負極活物質層に対して上記試験を行った。 <Binding test>
The obtained electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery was subjected to a 180 ° peel strength test (JIS Z0237-2009).
An adhesive tape (width 24 mm, length 300 mm) (trade name: Cellotape CT-24, manufactured by Nichiban Co., Ltd.) was attached to the electrode active material layer of the electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery. For the all-solid-state secondary battery of the part where the adhesive tape is peeled off to the lower jig installed in the following test machine after gripping the end of the tape and turning it back to 180 ° and peeling off 25 mm from the electrode active material layer One end of the electrode sheet was fixed, and an adhesive tape was fixed to the upper jig.
The test was carried out at a load speed of 300 mm / min. After the measurement was started, the 25 mm adhesive tape was peeled off, and then the measured adhesive strength value for each 0.05 mm of the 50 mm length peeled from the electrode active material layer was averaged, and the peel adhesive value (average peel strength) (N)).
The higher the average peel strength, the higher the binding force.
The peel strength was measured by combining a standard type digital force gauge ZTS-5N and a vertical electric measurement stand MX2 series (both trade names, manufactured by Imada Co., Ltd.).
For the all-solid-state secondary battery electrode sheets S-11 and HS-5, the above test was performed on the negative electrode active material layer.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
　上記表２から明らかなように、粒子表面を有機化合物基で改質した、本発明の全固体二次電池用粒子を含有する全固体二次電池用電極シートはピール強度が高く、結着性に優れることが分かる。
　上記表２から本発明の全固体二次電池は、ピール強度が高く、結着性に優れることが明らかである。 As is apparent from Table 2 above, the electrode sheet for an all-solid secondary battery containing the particles for an all-solid secondary battery of the present invention, in which the particle surface is modified with an organic compound group, has high peel strength and binding properties. It is understood that it is excellent.
From Table 2 above, it is clear that the all-solid-state secondary battery of the present invention has high peel strength and excellent binding properties.
　本発明をその実施態様とともに説明したが、我々は特に指定しない限り我々の発明を説明のどの細部においても限定しようとするものではなく、添付の請求の範囲に示した発明の精神と範囲に反することなく幅広く解釈されるべきであると考える。 While this invention has been described in conjunction with its embodiments, we do not intend to limit our invention in any detail of the description unless otherwise specified and are contrary to the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. I think it should be interpreted widely.
　本願は、２０１５年１２月２５日に日本国で特許出願された特願２０１５－２５５３５８に基づく優先権を主張するものであり、これはここに参照してその内容を本明細書の記載の一部として取り込む。 This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-255358, filed in Japan on December 25, 2015, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference. Capture as part.
１　負極集電体
２　負極活物質層
３　固体電解質層
４　正極活物質層
５　正極集電体
６　作動部位
１０　全固体二次電池 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Negative electrode collector 2 Negative electrode active material layer 3 Solid electrolyte layer 4 Positive electrode active material layer 5 Positive electrode collector 6 Actuation site 10 All-solid-state secondary battery

Claims (23)

  1. 　周期律表第１族又は第２族に属する金属のイオンの伝導性を有する無機固体電解質粒子と、
    　電極活物質粒子とを含有する全固体二次電池であって、
    　前記無機固体電解質粒子および前記電極活物質粒子の少なくとも１種の表面に、有機化合物基が、共有結合を介して担持されており、前記粒子表面共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である全固体二次電池。     Inorganic solid electrolyte particles having conductivity of ions of metals belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the Periodic Table;
    An all solid state secondary battery containing electrode active material particles,
    An organic compound group is supported via a covalent bond on at least one surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte particle and the electrode active material particle, and the particle surface covalent bond amount is 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2. All-solid-state secondary battery which is the above.
  2. 　請求項１に記載の全固体二次電池であって、
    　導電助剤粒子を含有し、
    　前記無機固体電解質粒子、前記電極活物質粒子および前記導電助剤粒子の少なくとも１種の表面に、有機化合物基が、共有結合を介して担持されており、前記粒子表面の共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である全固体二次電池。     The all-solid-state secondary battery according to claim 1,
    Containing conductive aid particles,
    An organic compound group is supported via a covalent bond on at least one surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte particle, the electrode active material particle, and the conductive additive particle, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 ×. An all-solid secondary battery that is 10 −10 mol / cm 2 or more.
  3. 　活性光線により、有機化合物と反応させ、前記粒子表面の共有結合量を１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上にした請求項１または２に記載の全固体二次電池。 The all-solid-state secondary battery according to claim 1 or 2, which is reacted with an organic compound with an actinic ray so that the amount of covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2 or more.
  4. 　前記無機固体電解質粒子が、酸化物系または硫化物系無機固体電解質粒子である請求項１～３のいずれか１項に記載の全固体二次電池。 The all-solid-state secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inorganic solid electrolyte particles are oxide-based or sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte particles.
  5. 　前記有機化合物基が、Ｏ原子、Ｎ原子およびＳ原子の少なくとも１種を含有する連結基を介して前記粒子表面に担持されている請求項１～４のいずれか１項に記載の全固体二次電池。 The all-solid-state two-component film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the organic compound group is supported on the particle surface via a linking group containing at least one of an O atom, an N atom, and an S atom. Next battery.
  6. 　共有結合を介して担持された前記有機化合物基の膜厚が、２０ｎｍ以下である請求項１～５のいずれか１項に記載の全固体二次電池。 6. The all-solid-state secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the organic compound group supported via a covalent bond is 20 nm or less.
  7. 　前記有機化合物基が、質量平均分子量３０００以上の有機化合物の基である請求項１～６のいずれか１項に記載の全固体二次電池。 The all-solid-state secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the organic compound group is a group of an organic compound having a mass average molecular weight of 3000 or more.
  8. 　前記有機化合物基が、炭素数８以上のアルキル基、炭素数８以上のハロゲン化アルキル基、炭素数８以上のアリール基、炭素数８以上のハロゲン化アリール基または下記式（１）もしくは（２）で表されるシリカ含有置換基の少なくとも１種を分子内に含有する請求項１～７のいずれか１項に記載の全固体二次電池。
    　　　　―Ｓｉ（Ｒ１）（Ｒ２）－Ｏ－　　　　（１）
    　　　　―Ｓｉ（Ｒ３）（－Ｏ－）－Ｏ－　　（２）
    　Ｒ１、Ｒ２およびＲ３は、各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基またはアリール基を示す。     The organic compound group is an alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, an aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, a halogenated aryl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, or the following formula (1) or (2 The all-solid-state secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which contains in the molecule at least one of the silica-containing substituents represented by
    —Si (R 1 ) (R 2 ) —O— (1)
    —Si (R 3 ) (— O —) — O— (2)
    R 1 , R 2 and R 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group or an aryl group.
  9. 　前記有機化合物基が分子末端部で架橋基を形成している請求項１～８のいずれか１項に記載の全固体二次電池。 The all-solid-state secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the organic compound group forms a crosslinking group at a molecular end.
  10. 　前記有機化合物基がアクリル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、アミド樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、ウレア樹脂、イミド樹脂またはシリコーン樹脂のいずれかの基である請求項１～９のいずれか１項に記載の全固体二次電池。 The all-solid-state secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the organic compound group is any group of an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, an amide resin, a urethane resin, a urea resin, an imide resin, or a silicone resin. .
  11. 　前記有機化合物基が、表面開始グラフト重合結合体の基である請求項１～１０のいずれか１項に記載の全固体二次電池。 The all-solid-state secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the organic compound group is a group of a surface-initiated graft polymerization conjugate.
  12. 　粒子表面を活性光線に暴露し、暴露後の前記粒子を有機化合物と混合し、有機化合物基を前記粒子表面に共有結合を介して担持させ、前記粒子表面の共有結合量を１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上にする工程を含む請求項１～１１のいずれか１項に記載の全固体二次電池の製造方法。 The particle surface is exposed to actinic light, the exposed particle is mixed with an organic compound, and an organic compound group is supported on the particle surface via a covalent bond, and the amount of covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10. The method for producing an all-solid-state secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising a step of making mol / cm 2 or more.
  13. 　前記活性光線が窒素、酸素、水素、二酸化炭素、アンモニア、ヘリウムおよびアルゴンのいずれかのガス、またはこれらの２種以上の混合ガスから生じるプラズマである請求項１２に記載の全固体二次電池の製造方法。 13. The all-solid-state secondary battery according to claim 12, wherein the actinic ray is a plasma generated from a gas of nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, ammonia, helium, or argon, or a mixed gas of two or more thereof. Production method.
  14. 　前記プラズマが低温大気圧プラズマである請求項１３に記載の全固体二次電池の製造方法。 The method for manufacturing an all-solid-state secondary battery according to claim 13, wherein the plasma is low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma.
  15. 　周期律表第１族又は第２族に属する金属のイオンの伝導性を有する無機固体電解質粒子、導電助剤粒子または電極活物質粒子であって、
    　前記無機固体電解質粒子および前記電極活物質粒子の少なくとも１種の表面に、有機化合物基が、共有結合を介して担持されており、前記粒子表面の共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である全固体二次電池用粒子。     Inorganic solid electrolyte particles, conductive assistant particles or electrode active material particles having conductivity of metal ions belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the Periodic Table,
    An organic compound group is supported via a covalent bond on at least one surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte particle and the electrode active material particle, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm. 2 or more particles for an all-solid-state secondary battery.
  16. 　粒子表面を活性光線に暴露し、暴露後の前記粒子を有機化合物と混合し、有機化合物基を前記粒子表面に共有結合を介して担持させ、前記粒子表面の共有結合量を１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上にする工程を含む請求項１５に記載の全固体二次電池用粒子の製造方法。 The particle surface is exposed to actinic light, the exposed particle is mixed with an organic compound, and an organic compound group is supported on the particle surface via a covalent bond, and the amount of covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10. The manufacturing method of the particle for all-solid-state secondary batteries of Claim 15 including the process made into mol / cm < 2 > or more.
  17. 　周期律表第１族又は第２族に属する金属のイオンの伝導性を有する無機固体電解質粒子および電極活物質粒子を含有する全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物であって、
    　前記無機固体電解質粒子および前記電極活物質粒子の少なくとも１種の表面に、有機化合物基が、共有結合を介して担持されており、粒子表面の共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である請求項１～１１のいずれか１項に記載の全固体二次電池に用いられる全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物。     A solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery, comprising inorganic solid electrolyte particles having conductivity of metal ions belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the periodic table and electrode active material particles,
    An organic compound group is supported via a covalent bond on at least one surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte particle and the electrode active material particle, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2. The solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid secondary battery used for the all-solid secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 11, which is as described above.
  18. 　請求項１７に記載の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物であって、
    　導電助剤粒子を含有し、
    　前記無機固体電解質粒子、前記電極活物質粒子および前記導電助剤粒子の少なくとも１種の表面に、有機化合物基が、共有結合を介して担持されており、前記粒子表面の共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物。     A solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery according to claim 17,
    Containing conductive aid particles,
    An organic compound group is supported via a covalent bond on at least one surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte particle, the electrode active material particle, and the conductive additive particle, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 ×. A solid electrolyte composition for an all-solid-state secondary battery, which is 10 −10 mol / cm 2 or more.
  19. 　粒子表面を活性光線に暴露し、有機化合物と反応させ、有機化合物基を前記粒子表面に共有結合を介して担持させ、前記粒子表面の共有結合量を１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上にする工程を含む請求項１７または１８に記載の全固体二次電池用固体電解質組成物の製造方法。 The particle surface is exposed to actinic rays, reacted with an organic compound, an organic compound group is supported on the particle surface via a covalent bond, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2 or more. The manufacturing method of the solid electrolyte composition for all-solid-state secondary batteries of Claim 17 or 18 including the process to carry out.
  20. 　請求項１～１１のいずれか１項に記載の全固体二次電池に用いられる全固体二次電池用電極シートであって、
    　周期律表第１族又は第２族に属する金属のイオンの伝導性を有する無機固体電解質粒子と、
    　電極活物質粒子とを含有し、
    　前記無機固体電解質粒子および前記電極活物質粒子の少なくとも１種の表面に、有機化合物基が、共有結合を介して担持されており、粒子表面の共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である全固体二次電池用電極シート。     An electrode sheet for an all-solid secondary battery used in the all-solid secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
    Inorganic solid electrolyte particles having conductivity of ions of metals belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the Periodic Table;
    Containing electrode active material particles,
    An organic compound group is supported via a covalent bond on at least one surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte particle and the electrode active material particle, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2. The electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery as described above.
  21. 　請求項２０に記載の全固体二次電池用電極シートであって、
    　導電助剤粒子を含有し、
    　前記無機固体電解質粒子、前記電極活物質粒子および前記導電助剤粒子の少なくとも１種の表面に、有機化合物基が、共有結合を介して担持されており、粒子表面の共有結合量が１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上である全固体二次電池用電極シート。     An electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery according to claim 20,
    Containing conductive aid particles,
    An organic compound group is supported via a covalent bond on at least one surface of the inorganic solid electrolyte particle, the electrode active material particle, and the conductive additive particle, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10. An electrode sheet for an all-solid-state secondary battery that is −10 mol / cm 2 or more.
  22. 　下記工程［１］および［２］をこの順に含む請求項２０に記載の全固体二次電池用電極シートの製造方法。
    ［１］周期律表第１族又は第２族に属する金属のイオンの伝導性を有する無機固体電解質粒子および電極活物質粒子を含有する固体電解質組成物を塗工する工程
    ［２］前記固体電解質組成物に活性光線を照射後、有機化合物と混合することにより、有機化合物基を前記粒子表面に共有結合を介して担持させ、前記粒子表面の共有結合量を１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上にする工程     The manufacturing method of the electrode sheet for all-solid-state secondary batteries of Claim 20 including the following process [1] and [2] in this order.
    [1] A step of applying a solid electrolyte composition containing inorganic solid electrolyte particles and electrode active material particles having conductivity of metal ions belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the Periodic Table [2] The solid electrolyte The composition is irradiated with actinic rays and then mixed with an organic compound, whereby an organic compound group is supported on the particle surface via a covalent bond, and the amount of the covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 −10 mol / cm 2. Process to make more
  23. 　下記工程［１］および［２］をこの順に含む請求項２１に記載の全固体二次電池用電極シートの製造方法。
    ［１］周期律表第１族又は第２族に属する金属のイオンの伝導性を有する無機固体電解質粒子、電極活物質粒子および導電助剤粒子を含有する固体電解質組成物を塗工する工程
    ［２］前記固体電解質組成物に活性光線を照射後、有機化合物と混合することにより、有機化合物基を前記粒子表面に共有結合を介して担持させ、前記粒子表面の共有結合量を１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２以上にする工程     The manufacturing method of the electrode sheet for all-solid-state secondary batteries of Claim 21 which contains the following process [1] and [2] in this order.
    [1] A step of applying a solid electrolyte composition containing inorganic solid electrolyte particles having conductivity of metal ions belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the periodic table, electrode active material particles, and conductive auxiliary particles [ 2] The solid electrolyte composition is irradiated with actinic rays and then mixed with an organic compound, whereby an organic compound group is supported on the particle surface via a covalent bond, and the amount of covalent bond on the particle surface is 1 × 10 − 10 mol / cm 2 or more step
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