WO2017080442A1 - 薄壁轴承的制作方法、其薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法以及精密柔性轴承 - Google Patents
薄壁轴承的制作方法、其薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法以及精密柔性轴承 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017080442A1 WO2017080442A1 PCT/CN2016/105132 CN2016105132W WO2017080442A1 WO 2017080442 A1 WO2017080442 A1 WO 2017080442A1 CN 2016105132 W CN2016105132 W CN 2016105132W WO 2017080442 A1 WO2017080442 A1 WO 2017080442A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- thin
- walled
- ferrule
- reinforcing
- inner ring
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/003—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/64—Special methods of manufacture
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C1/00—Flexible shafts; Mechanical means for transmitting movement in a flexible sheathing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
- F16C19/04—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
- F16C19/06—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
- F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2322/00—Apparatus used in shaping articles
- F16C2322/50—Hand tools, workshop equipment or manipulators
- F16C2322/59—Manipulators, e.g. robot arms
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of machinery, and in particular to a manufacturing process of a thin-walled bearing.
- the outer diameter of the bearing is D
- the inner diameter is d
- the radial cross-sectional dimension is (D-d)/2.
- a rolling bearing having a radial cross-sectional dimension smaller than 1/4 of the inner diameter, or smaller than 1/6 of the outer diameter, or less than twice the diameter of the rolling element can be regarded as a thin-walled rolling bearing.
- the weight of thin-walled bearings is generally less than 1/2 of the weight of the same inner diameter ultra-light series bearings. Some models of thin-walled bearings are even less than 1/40 of the weight of the same inner diameter ultra-light series bearings, showing the thinness and width of the wall thickness. Narrow.
- the size of the mainframe is getting smaller and smaller, the weight is getting lighter, but the precision is higher and the function is more powerful, which promotes the design width ratio of the rolling bearing.
- the ultra-light series is also narrower, and the radial section size is smaller than the ultra-light series, that is, it is designed as a thin-walled rolling bearing.
- the lightweight, sensitive and intelligent systems, mainframes and equipment represented by industrial robots have emerged in large numbers, making thin-walled bearings more and more widely used.
- each series of thin-walled bearings When the cross-sectional dimensions in each series of thin-walled bearings are designed to be fixed values, they become equal-section thin-walled bearings, such as 0.1875 ⁇ 0.1875 inches, 0.25 ⁇ 0.25 inches, 0.3125 ⁇ 0.3125 inches, 0.375 ⁇ 0.375 inches, 0.50. ⁇ 0.50 inch, 0.75 ⁇ 0.75 inch, 1.0 ⁇ 1.0 inch, the cross-sectional dimension is constant in the same series, and does not increase with the increase of the inner diameter dimension d, so it is called an equal-section thin-walled bearing.
- Large-bore, small-section thin-walled bearings can be used to replace small-diameter solid shafts with large-diameter hollow shafts, so that air, beams, water pipes, cables, etc. can be provided through the space of the hollow shaft, making the design simpler. .
- Equal-section thin-walled bearings are widely used in industrial robots.
- the flexible bearing also known as the harmonic bearing, is a special bearing for the harmonic reducer. It is named because the wall of the ferrule is extremely thin and the ferrule is periodically bent during operation.
- Harmonic reducer is an advanced and precise reducer, which is advantageous in industrial robots, high-end cars and aviation due to its small size, light weight, small backlash, high positioning accuracy and high transmission efficiency, and easy to achieve precise position control. Aerospace, optical instruments, high-end printing machines and other precision machinery fields have been widely used. With the rise of intelligent manufacturing with industrial robots as the core, harmonic reducers, together with RV reducers, have received worldwide attention due to their inherent advancement.
- thin-walled bearings are relatively precise, and typical such as industrial robots use harmonic deceleration.
- Flexible bearing RV reducer bearing, robot waist and ankle cross roller bearing, but the thin wall bearing ferrule wall thickness is very thin, the width is very narrow, it is very easy to deform in all aspects of processing, get high Manufacturing accuracy is very difficult.
- the cutting process flow of the normal wall thickness bearing ring shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is still used, except that the ferrule is placed in the heat treatment process before the cutting process. Attentive and careful, the channel is used for 2 or more times of grinding, and the additional tempering process is added between the rough grinding and the finishing process.
- These measures are taken to improve the manufacturing precision of the ferrule, but the degree of improvement is limited.
- the adoption of these measures greatly reduces the manufacturing efficiency of the thin-walled ferrule, and improves the thin-walled ferrule and thus the manufacturing cost of the thin-walled bearing.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing thin-walled bearing ring cutting process has many processes, low efficiency, high cost and low precision.
- the present invention provides a method for processing a thin-walled inner ring/outer ring of a thin-walled bearing, comprising the following steps:
- step S1 further reinforcing is performed along a radial direction of the thin-walled ferrule, and the reinforcing portion is reinforced by the outer circular surface of the thin-walled ferrule provided in step S0.
- the thin-walled ferrule provided has a raceway; in the step S3, the process of performing hard-car, grinding and super-finishing on the reinforcing ferrule further comprises:
- the outer circumference of the reinforcing ferrule is hard-machined to remove the reinforcing portion of the radial reinforcement.
- a thin-walled outer ring is machined; the raceway surface intersects the inner circular surface.
- the thin-walled inner ring is machined; the raceway surface intersects the outer circular surface, and the reinforcing portion is offset from the raceway surface.
- the wall can be limited, and the thin-walled inner ring is processed.
- the thin-walled ferrule is provided without a raceway, and in the step S3, the reinforcing ferrule is hard-drawn, ground and super-sized.
- the process of research and development further includes:
- the reinforcing portion has a wall thickness of 0.2 to 10 times the wall thickness of the thin wall ferrule.
- the reinforcement is further performed along the axial direction of the thin-walled ferrule, and the reinforcing portion is reinforced on one end surface of the thin-walled ferrule.
- the process of hardening, grinding, and superfinishing the reinforcing ferrule further includes:
- the outer diameter of the reinforcing portion is consistent with the outer diameter of the thin-walled ferrule, and the inner diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the thin-walled ferrule, and the width is 0.2 to 10 times the width of the thin-walled ferrule.
- step S1 further reinforcing is performed along the radial direction and the axial direction of the thin-walled ferrule, and the reinforcing portion includes a radial reinforcing portion and an axial reinforcing portion, wherein the diameter
- the reinforcing portion is located on an outer circular surface of the thin-walled ferrule, and the axial reinforcing portion is located at one end surface of the thin-walled ferrule.
- the axial reinforcing portion is removed first, and then the radial reinforcing portion is removed.
- the process of hardening, grinding, and superfinishing the reinforcing ferrule further includes:
- the reinforcing ferrule is divided into an axial reinforcing portion and a remaining radial reinforcing ferrule, and the axial reinforcing portion is clamped, and the inner circular surface and the raceway of the hard-radial radial reinforcing ferrule are clamped surface;
- the radial reinforcing ferrule is hard cut off from the axial reinforcing portion
- the outer surface of the hard car removes the radial reinforcement.
- the wall thickness of the radial reinforcing portion is 0.2 to 10 times the wall thickness of the thin wall ferrule; and the width of the axial reinforcing portion is 0.2 to 10 of the width of the thin wall ferrule.
- the outer diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the thin-walled ferrule after radial reinforcement, and the inner diameter is equal to or smaller than the inner diameter of the thin-walled ferrule.
- the invention also provides a method for processing a thin-walled inner ring/outer ring of a thin-walled bearing, comprising the following steps:
- S00 providing a thin-walled ferrule set containing at least two thin-walled ferrules with a machining allowance, wherein the thin-walled ferrules are arranged in the axial direction in order, two adjacent thin The wall rings are connected by a connecting portion;
- step S20 performing quenching and tempering heat treatment on the reinforcing ferrule group obtained in step S10;
- the process of performing hard-car, grinding, and super-finishing on the reinforcing ferrule group further includes:
- the axial reinforcing portion has a width of 0.2 to 10 times the width of the thin-walled ferrule, an inner diameter smaller than an inner diameter of the thin-walled ferrule, an outer diameter and an outer diameter of the thin-walled ferrule Consistent;
- the connecting portion has a width of 1 to 5 mm, an outer diameter less than or equal to the outer diameter of the thin-walled ferrule, and an inner diameter greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the thin-walled ferrule.
- the method further includes:
- the process of performing hard grinding, grinding and super-finishing on the ferrule further comprises: grinding the double end surface and the outer round surface of the reinforcing ferrule set;
- the reinforcing ferrule group is divided into an axial reinforcing portion and a radial reinforcing ferrule group, and the axial reinforcing portion is clamped, and the inner circular surface of the radial reinforcing ferrule group of the hard vehicle is Raceway surface
- each radial reinforcing ferrule in the radial reinforcing ferrule set is hard cut off from the connecting portion or the axial reinforcing portion;
- the outer surface of the hard car removes the radial reinforcement.
- the wall thickness of the radial reinforcing portion is 0.2 to 10 times the wall thickness of the thin wall ferrule, and the outer diameter of the axial reinforcing portion is equal to the radial reinforcing of the thin wall ferrule Outer diameter.
- the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a thin-walled bearing, comprising:
- a thin-walled outer ring is produced by the method provided by the alternative of the present invention, and a thin-walled inner ring is produced by the method provided by the optional solution of the present invention;
- the thin-walled inner ring, the thin-walled outer ring, and the finished rolling element are then sorted and placed, and the retainer is placed to assemble a complete thin-walled bearing.
- the invention also provides a precision flexible bearing, which adopts a single row ball bearing, wherein the outer thickness of the bearing outer ring and the inner ring of the bearing are 0.014 to 0.023 times the outer diameter of the outer ring of the bearing, and the grooved raceway, wherein the bearing precision grade Not lower than the P4 level, the bearing inner ring is a flexible bearing inner ring, the bearing outer ring is a flexible bearing outer ring, and is manufactured by the following manufacturing process:
- the flexible bearing outer ring having an accuracy level of not less than P4 is produced by the method provided by the optional solution of the present invention, and the inner ring of the flexible bearing with the precision level not lower than the P4 level is produced by the method provided by the optional solution of the present invention;
- Balls with an accuracy class not lower than G5 are selected, and then the outer ring of the flexible bearing, the inner ring of the flexible bearing and the ball are sorted and placed, and the retainer is placed and assembled into a precision flexible bearing with an accuracy level of not less than P4.
- the reinforcement of the reinforcing processing method of the thin-walled bearing ring begins with the initial blank feeding, and the wall thickness of the radial reinforcing ferrule is reinforced to be close to the normal bearing wall thickness.
- the wall thickness of the axial reinforcing ferrule reinforcing portion is equal to or exceeds the wall thickness of the normal bearing ring, the width of the reinforcing portion is sufficient for machining clamping, and the radial and axial two-way reinforcing ferrules are both radial and axial. Reinforced, because the ferrule is reinforced from the blank, it has quality and efficiency advantages at all stages of manufacturing:
- the ferrules after heat treatment have a relatively high precision basis, plus the finishing stage to the processing means and processing sequence
- the scientific arrangement completely avoids the clamping and grinding of thin-walled parts during the machining process, so that not only the extremely high machining precision is obtained, but also the machining process is reduced and the processing cost is reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for processing a flexible bearing outer ring in the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for processing a flexible bearing inner ring in the prior art
- 3A to 3C are schematic views showing the processing of the thin-walled outer ring in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 4A to 4C are schematic views showing the processing of a thin-walled inner ring in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- 5A to 5C are schematic views showing the processing of a thin-walled inner ring in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIGS. 6A to 6C are schematic views showing the processing of a thin-walled outer ring in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7A to 7C are schematic views showing the processing of a thin-walled inner ring in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIGS. 8A to 8E are schematic views showing the processing of the thin-walled outer ring in Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- FIGS. 9A to 9C are schematic views showing the processing of a thin-walled outer ring in Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
- FIGS. 10A to 10C are schematic views showing the processing of the thin-walled inner ring in the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11A to 11E are schematic views showing the processing of a thin-walled inner ring in Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
- Figure 12 is a schematic view of a thin-walled bearing in various alternative embodiments of the present invention.
- the outer side of the surface with the remaining amount, which still needs to be processed, is marked with a parallel dotted line, and the ferrule body portion is filled with a one-way oblique section line, the ferrule reinforcing portion and the connection between the ferrule and the ferrule Part is filled with bidirectional cross hatching.
- FIG. 1 to FIG. 12 are optional embodiments of the present invention. Modifications and retouchings may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
- the invention provides a method for processing a thin-walled inner ring/outer ring of a thin-walled bearing, comprising the following steps:
- the reinforcing is further performed in the radial direction of the thin-walled ferrule, and the reinforcing portion is reinforced in the outer circular surface of the thin-walled ferrule provided in step S0.
- Embodiment 1 in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2,
- the thin-walled ferrule provided has a raceway; in the step S3, the process of hard-wearing, grinding and super-finishing the reinforcing ferrule further comprises:
- the outer circular surface of the reinforcing ferrule is hard-machined to remove the radially reinforcing reinforcing portion 5.
- Embodiment 1 the thin-walled outer ring 1 is processed; the raceway surface intersects the inner circular surface.
- the thin-walled inner ring 2 is processed; the raceway surface intersects the outer circular surface, and the reinforcing portion is offset from the raceway surface.
- the thin-walled inner ring is processed, and in the step S0, the thin-walled ferrule is provided without the raceway, in the step S3.
- the process of hardening, grinding and superfinishing the reinforcing ferrule further includes:
- Embodiments 1 to 3 After the above differences are clarified, the specific contents of Embodiments 1 to 3 will be described one by one below:
- the actual method is a radial reinforcement processing method for the outer ring of the thin-walled bearing
- FIG. 3A is a rough view of the thin-walled outer ring 1 before the radial reinforcement finishing
- FIG. 3B is a semi-finished outer ring after the radial reinforcing outer ring of FIG. 3A is processed through several processes.
- Figure 3C shows the finished thin-walled outer ring 1 of the semi-finished outer ring of Figure 3B.
- the radial reinforcement of the outer ring is to increase the outer diameter along the full width of the outer ring.
- the wall thickness of the outer ring is 1.2 to 11 times before the reinforcement, that is, the wall thickness of the reinforcing portion is the thin wall sleeve.
- the wall thickness is 0.2 to 10 times; the processing sequence is as follows:
- FIG. 3A Radial reinforcement blank outer ring ⁇ 1 sequence: grinding double end ⁇ 2 order: grinding outer circle ⁇ 3 order: grinding inner circle (channel rib) ⁇ 4 order: grinding channel ⁇ 5 sequence: super fine groove Road ⁇ Figure 3B semi-finished outer ring ⁇ 6 sequence: hard car outer circle ⁇ Figure 3C finished thin wall outer ring 1.
- the inner surface of the outer ring that has been inflated and grounded, in one loading the feed amount is from large to small, and the multi-knife will cross the line.
- the radially reinforcing portion 5 of the thin-walled outer ring 1 is shown to be completely scraped off, and the outer surface of the final thin-walled bearing is obtained, after which the outer ring is no longer subjected to any cutting process. It can be seen that the last formed surface is the outer circular surface of the outer ring of the thin-walled bearing.
- the final process of the outer ring is the channel super-fine, and the last formed surface is the groove.
- the road is the opposite.
- the thin-walled outer ring 1 has a total of six cutting processes from the blank to the finished product.
- the thin-walled outer ring 1 is radially reinforced and the wall thickness is sufficient, thereby overcoming the problem of machining deformation of the outer ring.
- the sixth order hard car outer circle because the expansion is the inner circle surface of the outer ring, and the cutting is divided into multiple times, the cutting amount is controlled from large to small, so the deformation is also extremely small, and finally the precision level can be obtained not lower than Thin wall outer ring 1 of P 4.
- the actual method is a radial reinforcement processing method for the inner ring of the thin-walled bearing
- FIG. 4A is a plan view of the thin-walled inner ring before the radial reinforcement finishing
- FIG. 4B is a semi-finished inner ring after the radial reinforcing inner ring of FIG. 4A is processed by several processes
- FIG. 4C The finished thin-walled inner ring of the semi-finished inner ring of Fig. 4B is further processed.
- the radial reinforcement of the inner ring is to increase the outer diameter along the full width of the inner ring (the groove portion retains the groove arc extending vacancy), and the inner ring wall thickness is 1.2 to 11 times before the reinforcement, and the processing sequence is as follows:
- FIG. 4A Radial reinforcement blank inner ring ⁇ 1 sequence: grinding double end face ⁇ 2 order: grinding outer circle (ie channel rib) ⁇ 3 order: grinding channel ⁇ 4 order: grinding inner circle ⁇ 5 order: super fine Channel ⁇
- Figure 4B semi-finished inner ring ⁇ 6 sequence: hard car outer circle (ie channel rib) ⁇ Figure 4C finished thin wall inner ring.
- the inner surface of the inner ring that has been inflated and grounded, in one loading the feed amount is from large to small, and the multi-knife will cross the line.
- the indicated radially reinforcing portions of the inner ring are all hardened and the outer surface of the final thin-walled bearing is obtained, after which the thin-walled inner ring 2 is no longer subjected to any cutting.
- the last formed surface is the outer circular surface of the thin inner ring 2 (ie, the inner ring channel rib), and the final process of the inner wall thickness is the channel superfine, and the last formed surface is The channel surface is reversed.
- the thin inner ring 2 has a total of 6 cutting processes from the blank to the finished product.
- 6 sequence hard car outer circle because the expansion is the inner circle surface of the inner ring, and the cutting is divided into multiple times, the cutting amount is controlled from large to small, so the deformation is also extremely small, and finally the accuracy level is not lower than P 4 Thin wall inner ring 2.
- the actual method is a radial reinforcement processing method for the inner ring of the thin-walled bearing
- FIG. 5A is a thin-walled inner ring radial reinforcement without channel finishing blank
- FIG. 5B is a semi-finished product after the radial reinforcing inner ring of FIG. 5A is processed by several processes.
- the inner ring, Fig. 5C is a finished thin-walled inner ring which is continuously processed by the inner ring of the semi-finished product of Fig. 5B.
- Embodiment 2 it can be seen from Embodiment 2 that if the inner ring blank has a channel as normal, when the inner ring is radially reinforced, the channel is extended and the channel vacancy weakens the reinforcing strength effect. In addition, the larger the reinforcement is in a certain range, the deeper the channel will be. The deeper channel is a technical problem for grinding and superfine. Even when the reinforcing thickness reaches a certain level, it will flow over the center of the arc of the channel, and the arc of the channel does not know how to extend. Therefore, considering that the channel of the thin-walled bearing ring is shallow, Embodiment 3 selects that the inner ring blank before finishing is not provided with a channel, and the channel is hard-drawn during finishing.
- the inner ring radial reinforcement increases the outer diameter along the full width of the inner ring.
- the inner ring wall thickness is 1.2 to 11 times before the reinforcement, that is, the reinforcing portion
- the wall thickness is 0.2 to 10 times that of the thin walled ferrule.
- Fig. 5A Radial reinforcement blank inner ring without channel ⁇ 1 sequence: grinding double end surface ⁇ 2 order: grinding outer circle ⁇ 3 order: grinding inner circle ⁇ 4 order: hard car outer circle and channel ⁇ 5B semi-finished inner ring ⁇ 5 sequence: super fine channel ⁇ Figure 5C finished thin wall inner ring.
- the fourth order hard car outer circle and channel on the high-rigidity CNC hard-car machine, the internal surface of the inner ring that has been inflated and ground, in one loading, the feed amount is from large to small.
- the multi-blade completely removes the radial reinforcing portion of the inner ring represented by the cross line, and obtains the outer surface of the final thin-walled inner ring 2, and then hard-drives the channel, and then super-fine inner ring channel.
- the thin inner ring 2 has 5 cutting processes from the blank to the finished product.
- the machining deformation problem of the inner ring is overcome.
- the fourth order hard car outer circle and channel because the expansion is the inner circle surface of the inner ring, and the cutting is divided into multiple times, the cutting amount is controlled from large to small, so the deformation is also extremely small, and finally the precision level is not obtained.
- Thin wall inner ring 2 lower than P4.
- the radial reinforcement of the thin-walled ferrule is realized by increasing the radial dimension of the outer circumferential surface of the thin-walled inner ring 2 and the thin-walled outer ring 1, thereby obtaining a radial reinforcing portion.
- the reinforcing ferrule, the wall thickness of the radial reinforcing portion is 0.2 to 10 times the wall thickness of the thin wall ferrule.
- the difference between the third embodiment and the first two examples is that when the radially reinforcing inner ring does not have a channel before the heat treatment (referred to as a radial reinforcing inner ring), at both end faces of the reinforcing inner ring, After the inner circular surface is finally formed by grinding or hardening, the inner surface of the ferrule is expanded, the reinforcing part is removed by a hard car and the vehicle is hard out of the channel, and then the super-fine channel is obtained to obtain a thin-walled inner ring required by the design.
- a radial reinforcing inner ring a channel before the heat treatment
- step S1 further reinforcing in the axial direction of the thin-walled ferrule, The reinforcing portion is reinforced on one end surface of the thin-walled ferrule.
- the reinforcing ferrule is subjected to hard grinding and grinding.
- the process of cutting and superfinishing further includes:
- Embodiment 4 is an explanation of a thin-walled outer ring
- Embodiment 5 is an explanation of a thin-walled inner ring.
- Embodiment 4 and Embodiment 5 are described one by one below:
- the actual method is an axial reinforcement processing method for the outer ring of the thin-walled bearing
- FIG. 6A is a diagram of the blank before the axial reinforcement of the thin-walled outer ring
- FIG. 6B is a semi-finished product which is hard-cut after the axial reinforcement of the axially-reinforced outer ring of FIG. 6A.
- Circle, Figure 6C is the finished thin-walled outer ring of the semi-finished outer ring of Figure 6B.
- the axial reinforcement of the outer ring is to increase the body axially along one side of the outer ring, and the width of the ferrule reinforcing portion 5 is 0.2 to 10 times the width of the thin outer ring 1 and the outer diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the thin outer ring 1 ,.
- the inner diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the thin walled ferrule.
- the axial reinforcement outer ring processing sequence is as follows:
- Figure 6B semi-finished product
- the 3rd and 4th order hard machining processes the outer peripheral surface of the reinforcing portion, which is completed in one clamping position, and the hard cutting finger cuts the thin outer ring 1 from the axial reinforcing portion 5. Since the hard car uses a high-rigidity CNC hard-working machine tool, the outer ring of the outer ring is reinforced by the externally clamped outer ring surface, and the thin-walled outer ring portion is not subjected to any clamping force, and can be divided into multiple cutters, and the feed amount can be accurately Control, therefore, the ferrule deformation is extremely small, and the machining accuracy of not less than P4 can be obtained.
- the actual method is an axial reinforcement processing method for the inner ring of the thin-walled bearing
- FIG. 7A is a view of the blank before the axial reinforcement of the thin-walled inner ring
- FIG. 7B is a semi-finished product which is hard-cut after the axial reinforcement of the axially-reinforced inner ring of FIG. 7A.
- Circle, Figure 7C is the finished thin-walled inner ring of the semi-finished inner ring of Figure 7B.
- the axial reinforcement of the thin inner ring 2 is to increase the solid axially along one side of the inner ring, and the width of the reinforcing portion 5 of the ferrule is 0.2 to 10 times the width of the thin wall ferrule, and the outer diameter of the reinforcing portion 5 is equal to The outer diameter of the thin-walled ferrule, the inner diameter is smaller than the thin-walled ferrule Inner diameter.
- the axial reinforcement inner ring processing sequence is as follows:
- the 3rd and 4th order hard machining processing clamps the outer peripheral surface of the reinforcing portion, which is completed in one clamping position, and the hard cutting finger cuts the thin inner ring 2 portion from the axial reinforcing portion 5.
- the hard car adopts a high-rigidity CNC hard-working machine tool
- the outer ring of the inner ring is reinforced by the externally clamped outer ring surface, and the thin-walled inner ring 2 is not subjected to any clamping force, and can be divided into multiple cutters, and the feed amount can be Precise control, therefore, the ferrule deformation is extremely small, and the machining accuracy of not less than P4 can be obtained.
- the axial reinforcement of the thin-walled ferrule is realized by increasing the axial dimension of the thin-walled inner ring 2 and the thin-walled outer ring 1 to obtain the reinforcing portion having the axial direction.
- Reinforcement ferrule, the width of the reinforcing portion 5 of the axial reinforcing ferrule is 0.2 to 10 times the width of the thin-walled ferrule, and the outer diameter of the reinforcing portion is equal to the outer diameter of the thin-walled ferrule, and the inner diameter is smaller than The inner diameter of the thin walled ferrule.
- a combination of radial reinforcement and axial reinforcement is further defined, which further defines the following features:
- step S1 further reinforcing is performed along the radial direction and the axial direction of the thin-walled ferrule, and the reinforcing portion includes a radial reinforcing portion 52 and an axial reinforcing portion 51, and the radial reinforcing portion
- the strong portion 52 is located on the outer circular surface of the thin-walled ferrule
- the axial reinforcing portion 51 is located at one end surface of the thin-walled ferrule.
- the axial reinforcing portion 51 is removed first, and the radial reinforcing portion 52 is removed.
- the process of hardening, grinding and superfinishing the reinforcing ferrule further comprises:
- the reinforcing ferrule is divided into an axial reinforcing portion and a remaining radial reinforcing ferrule, and the axial reinforcing portion is clamped, and the inner circular surface and the raceway of the hard-radial radial reinforcing ferrule are clamped Further, the radial reinforcing ferrule is optionally defined as including a radial reinforcing portion, a thin-walled ferrule, and a machining allowance. In other alternatives of the present invention, it is not limited thereto. The definition is only described separately from the axial reinforcement section in order to clearly describe the process of the clamping process.
- the radial reinforcing ferrule is hard cut off from the axial reinforcing portion
- the outer surface of the hard car removes the radial reinforcement.
- Embodiment 7 the case where the above process acts on the thin-walled outer ring 1 is specifically explained.
- the above process is specifically explained in the thin-walled inner ring 2.
- the specific contents of Embodiment 7 and Embodiment 8 will be described one by one below:
- the actual method is a two-way reinforcing processing method for the outer ring of the thin-walled bearing
- FIG. 9A is a rough view of the thin-walled outer ring before the two-way reinforcing finishing
- FIG. 9B is a semi-finished outer ring hardly cut out after the two-way reinforcing outer ring of FIG. 9A is processed through several processes.
- Figure 9C shows the finished thin-walled outer ring of the semi-finished outer ring of Figure 9B.
- the two-way reinforcement of the thin-walled outer ring 1 is simultaneously reinforced along the radial and one-sided axial directions of the thin-walled outer ring.
- the radial reinforcement method and dimensions are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the axial reinforcement method and size are the same as in the fourth embodiment.
- the processing sequence of the two-way reinforcing outer ring is as follows:
- Figure 9A Two-way reinforcing blank outer ring ⁇ 1 sequence: grinding double end ⁇ 2 order: grinding outer circle ⁇ 3 sequence: hard car inner circle (ie outer ring channel rib) and channel ⁇ 4 sequence: hard cutting ⁇ diagram 9B semi-finished outer ring ⁇ 5 sequence: grinding and cutting end face ⁇ 6 sequence: super fine channel ⁇ 7 sequence: hard car outer circle ⁇ Figure 9C finished thin wall outer ring.
- the thin-walled outer ring 1 is axially reinforced, and the outer circle of the axial reinforcing portion can be clamped to the inner circle and the channel through the radially reinforcing outer ring for hard driving, and then the radial direction
- the reinforcing outer ring is hard cut from the axial reinforcing portion.
- the process is the same as that of the outer ring of the embodiment 4, but since the ferrule of the embodiment has been radially reinforced, it is hard.
- the rigidity of the workpiece is better, the harder precision of the car can be obtained higher than that of the embodiment 4, and the deformation of the ferrule after the cutting is also smaller.
- the cutting end face and the superfine channel are ground in the subsequent process, the machining efficiency and accuracy obtained in the two processes are also higher than in the fourth embodiment due to the radial reinforcement of the ferrule.
- the thin-walled outer ring 1 of the present embodiment obtains the clamping portion required for the hard car due to the axial reinforcement, and therefore, the thin-walled outer ring 1 of the present embodiment That is, it is possible to perform grinding processing or hard machining, unlike Embodiment 1, because the ferrule is too narrow and only grinding processing can be selected.
- the bidirectional reinforcing processing method for the outer ring of the thin-walled bearing of the present embodiment inherits the advantages of the radial reinforcing processing method of the outer ring of the thin-walled bearing of the first embodiment, and also inherits the advantages of the axial reinforcing processing method of the fourth embodiment. It is more flexible in the selection of finishing methods, and the ferrule can obtain higher machining accuracy.
- the last formed surface is the outer circular surface of the thin-walled outer ring 1, and the final process of the outer ring is the channel super-fine, and the last formed surface is different from the channel surface.
- the actual method is a two-way reinforcing processing method for the inner ring of the thin-walled bearing
- FIG. 10A is a rough view of the thin-walled inner ring before the two-way reinforcing finishing
- FIG. 10B is a semi-finished inner ring hardly cut by the two-way reinforcing inner ring of FIG. 10A after several steps of processing
- Fig. 10C is a finished thin-walled inner ring of the semi-finished inner ring of Fig. 10B.
- the two-way reinforcement of the thin inner ring 2 is to reinforce along the radial and one-sided axial directions of the thin inner ring 2 at the same time.
- the radial reinforcement method and dimensions are the same as those in the second embodiment, and the axial reinforcement method and dimensions are the same as the embodiment. 5.
- the processing sequence of the two-way reinforcing inner ring is as follows:
- Figure 10A Two-way reinforcing blank inner ring ⁇ 1 order: grinding double end face ⁇ 2 order: grinding outer circle ⁇ 3 order: hard car inner circle and channel ⁇ 4 sequence: hard cutting ⁇ Fig. 10B semi-finished inner ring ⁇ 5 sequence: repair Grinding cut end face ⁇ 6 sequence: super fine channel ⁇ 7 sequence: hard car outer circle ⁇ Figure 10C finished thin wall inner ring.
- the thin inner ring is axially reinforced, and the outer circle of the axial reinforcing portion 51 can be clamped to face the inner circle and the channel through the radially reinforcing inner ring for hard driving, and then the diameter The reinforcing inner ring is hard cut from the axial reinforcing portion.
- the process is the same as the inner ring which is axially reinforced by the embodiment 5, but since the ferrule of the embodiment is radially reinforced, therefore, In the process of hard car and hard cutting, the rigidity of the workpiece is better, and the processing precision higher than that of the embodiment 5 can be obtained.
- the machining efficiency and precision obtained in the two processes are higher than those in the fifth embodiment due to the radial reinforcement of the ferrule.
- the inner ring of the embodiment is obtained by the axial reinforcement, and the clamping portion is obtained. Therefore, the inner ring of the embodiment can be ground or hard. Car processing, unlike Example 2, because the ferrule is too narrow, only the grinding process can be selected.
- the thin-walled inner ring 2 bidirectional reinforcing processing method of the embodiment inherits the advantages of the thin-wall bearing inner ring radial reinforcing processing method of the second embodiment, and also inherits the advantages of the embodiment 5 axial reinforcing processing method. It is more flexible in the selection of finishing methods, and the ferrule can obtain higher machining accuracy.
- the last formed surface is the outer circular surface of the thin-walled inner ring 2 (ie, the channel rib), and the final process of the inner wall thickness is the channel super-fine, and the last formed surface is the channel.
- the face is different.
- the radial and axial two-way compensation of the thin-walled ferrule is realized by increasing the radial dimension of the outer circular surface of the thin inner ring 2 and the thin outer ring 1 and the axial dimension of one side.
- the wall thickness of the radial reinforcing portion is 0.2 to 10 times the wall thickness of the thin-walled ferrule; the width of the axial reinforcing portion is the width of the thin-walled ferrule 0.2 to 10 times, the outer diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the thin-walled ferrule after radial reinforcement, and the inner diameter is equal to or smaller than the inner diameter of the thin-walled ferrule.
- this embodiment is a modification of Embodiments 4 and 5. It provides a method for processing a thin-walled inner ring/outer ring of a thin-walled bearing, comprising the following steps:
- S00 providing a thin-walled ferrule set containing at least two thin-walled ferrules with a machining allowance, wherein the thin-walled ferrules are arranged in the axial direction in order, two adjacent thin The wall rings are connected by a connecting portion;
- step S20 performing quenching and tempering heat treatment on the reinforcing ferrule group obtained in step S10;
- the process of performing hard-car, grinding, and super-finishing on the reinforcing ferrule group further includes:
- FIG. 8A is a plan view of a thin-walled outer ring which is designed as a two-row structure before axial reinforcement
- FIG. 8B is a figure of a reinforcing outer ring group of FIG.
- Figure 8C shows the semi-finished outer ring hardened by the inner side after the processing of the outer ring group of Figure 8A through several processes.
- Figure 8D shows the semi-finished outer ring of Figure 8B.
- the finished thin-walled outer ring 1 is processed
- FIG. 8E is a finished thin-walled outer ring 1 which is further processed by the semi-finished outer ring of FIG.
- the axial reinforcement method of the outer ring and the size of the reinforcing portion are exactly the same as those of the fourth embodiment. The difference is that the axial reinforcing outer ring of the embodiment is designed as a double-row structure in the process, and finally can be supplemented from one axial direction. Two thin-walled outer rings are machined on the strong part, which improves processing efficiency and material utilization.
- the specific processing sequence is as follows:
- the outer circumferential surface of the 3rd and 4th order hard machining clamping and reinforcing portion 5 is completed in one clamping position, and the hard cutting finger refers to the thin walled ferrule 1 from the connecting portion 6 or the shaft between the two ferrules. Cut to the reinforcing portion 5.
- the thin hard ferrule 1 on the outer side of the first hard cut (ie away from the axial reinforcing portion 5), as shown in Fig. 8B, has a cut end face that needs to be ground, and the second hard cut cuts the inner side (ie, close to the axial reinforcing portion 5)
- the thin-walled ferrule 1, as shown in Fig. 8C has two cutting end faces that need to be ground.
- the outer ring of the externally clamped outer ring axially reinforces the outer circular surface, and the thin-walled outer ring portion is not subjected to any clamping force, and can be divided into multiple cutters, and the feed amount is It can be precisely controlled, so the ferrule deformation is extremely small, and two finished thin-walled outer rings 1 with an accuracy of not less than P4 can be obtained.
- the thin-walled bearing outer ring is designed to have three or more rows of channel structures.
- the axial reinforcement processing method is similar to the two columns, and no additional embodiment is given. In other words, the present embodiment gives two cases, but since the principle is more than two, the principle is the same as that of the above, and even if it is not expanded, it falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
- the thin-walled inner ring 2 is designed to have an N (N ⁇ 2) column channel structure.
- the axial reinforcement processing method is similar to that of the outer ring, and no additional embodiment is given.
- the width of the axial reinforcing portion 5 is 0.2 to 10 times the width of a single thin-walled ferrule in the ferrule set, the inner diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the thin-walled ferrule, and the outer diameter is opposite to the thin-walled ferrule
- the outer diameter is uniform;
- the connecting portion has a width of 1 to 5 mm, an outer diameter of less than or equal to the outer diameter of the thin-walled ferrule, and an inner diameter greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the thin-walled ferrule.
- this embodiment designs a single row thin-walled bearing ring into N columns (N ⁇ 2) structure, N-row thin-walled ferrules with inner diameter, outer diameter, and raceway size and single row thin-walled bearing rings.
- the width is equal to N times the width of the single-row thin-walled bearing ring plus the width of (N-1) connecting parts (cutting edge), and the N-row thin-walled ferrules share an axial reinforcing part, and the axial reinforcing part
- the dimensional parameters are the same as the above-mentioned axial reinforcing part, and the processing method of the N-row thin-walled ferrule is the same as the above-mentioned axial reinforcing part, the processing is completed, and the N thin-walled ferrules are obtained by hard cutting, and the processing method of the thin-walled ferrule after cutting is the same
- the aforementioned axial reinforcing portion finally obtains N thin-walled ferrules that
- the present embodiment can be seen as a further improvement based on the embodiment 8, which introduces the radial reinforcing portion 52 into the multi-row ferrule.
- the method further includes:
- the process of performing hard grinding, grinding and super-finishing on the ferrule further comprises: grinding the double end surface and the outer round surface of the reinforcing ferrule set;
- the radial reinforcing ferrule group is defined as a part including each reinforcing ferrule, the connecting portion and the machining allowance, and of course, it is not limited thereto, and the radial reinforcing ferrule is only conceptually and axially The description is separated from the reinforcing portion to clearly describe the process of the clamping process.
- the radial reinforcing ferrules in the radial reinforcing ferrule set are hard cut off from the connecting portion 6 or the axial reinforcing portion 51;
- the radial reinforcing ferrule group herein is optionally defined as:
- the radial reinforcing ferring can be further defined as a thin-walled ferrule having a radial reinforcing portion, of course, having a machining allowance thereon;
- the outer surface of the hard car is removed, and the radial reinforcing portion 52 is removed.
- the dimensions of the radial reinforcing portion 52 and the axial reinforcing portion 51 are the same as in the previous embodiment, and the wall thickness of the radial reinforcing portion 52 is the thickness of the thin-walled collar 1 or 2 0.2 to 10 times, the outer diameter of the axial reinforcing portion 52 is equal to the outer diameter of the thin-walled ferrule after radial reinforcement.
- the embodiment is actually a two-row structure two-way reinforcing processing method designed for a thin-walled bearing inner ring process.
- FIG. 11A is a plan view of a thin-walled inner ring which is designed as a two-row structure for two-way reinforcement finishing
- FIG. 11B is a process of the inner ring of FIG.
- the semi-finished inner ring which is hard cut off on the outer side
- FIG. 11C is the semi-finished inner ring which is hardly cut off by the inner side after the inner ring of FIG. 11A is processed by several processes
- FIG. 11D is the finished thin wall which is further processed by the inner ring of the semi-finished product of FIG. 11B.
- the inner ring, Fig. 11E is the finished thin-walled inner ring of the semi-finished inner ring of Fig. 11C.
- the inner ring bidirectional reinforcing method and the reinforcing portion have the same size as that of the embodiment 8, except that the bidirectional reinforcing inner ring of the embodiment is designed as a double row structure in the process, and finally can be from one Two thin-walled inner rings are machined on the axial reinforcing portion, which improves processing efficiency and material utilization.
- the specific processing sequence is as follows:
- FIG. 11A Two-way reinforcing double row blank inner ring ⁇ 1 order: grinding double end face ⁇ 2 order: grinding outer circle ⁇ 3 order: hard car inner circle and 2 column channel ⁇ 4 order: 2 times hard cutting ⁇ Fig. 11B and Fig. 11C two semi-finished inner rings ⁇ 5 sequence: grinding inner ring cutting end face ⁇ 6 sequence: super fine channel ⁇ 7 sequence: hard car outer circle ⁇ Figure 11D and 11E two finished thin wall inner ring.
- the 3rd and 4th order hard machining processes the outer surface of the reinforcing portion, which is completed in one clamping position, and the hard cutting finger connects the radial reinforcing ferrule portion from the connecting portion 6 or the axial reinforcing portion 51. Cut it down.
- one cutting end face needs to be ground, and the second hard cutting is close to the radial reinforcing inner ring of the axial reinforcing portion.
- Fig. 11C there are two cutting end faces that need to be ground.
- Two radial reinforcing inner rings are obtained by hard cutting from the axial reinforcing portion, and the subsequent processing methods of the two radial reinforcing inner rings are the same as those in the eighth embodiment, and finally two thin walls with a precision level not lower than P4 are obtained.
- Inner ring Two radial reinforcing inner rings are obtained by hard cutting from the axial reinforcing portion, and the subsequent processing methods of the two radial reinforcing inner rings are the same as those in the eighth embodiment, and finally two thin walls with a precision level not lower than P4 are obtained.
- Inner ring Two radial reinforcing inner rings are obtained by hard cutting from the axial reinforcing portion, and the subsequent processing methods of the two radial reinforcing inner rings are the same as those in the eighth embodiment, and finally two thin walls with a precision level not lower than P4 are obtained.
- Inner ring Two radial reinforcing inner rings are obtained by hard cutting from the axial reinforcing portion, and the subsequent processing
- the single-row radial reinforcing bearing ring is designed as an N-row (N ⁇ 2) structure, and the inner diameter, outer diameter, and raceway size and single-row diameter of the N-row radial reinforcing ferrule
- the width is equal to N times the width of the single-row radial reinforcing ferrule plus the width of (N-1) connecting parts (cutting edge), and the N-row radial reinforcing ferrals share an axial reinforcing
- the dimensional parameters of the axial reinforcing portion are the same as the above-mentioned two-way reinforcing portion
- the processing method of the N-row radial and axial two-way reinforcing ferrule is the same as the aforementioned two-way reinforcing portion, and the processing is completed, and the hard cutting obtains N radial supplements.
- the reinforcing processing method of the above-mentioned thin-walled ferrule is applicable to thin-wall rolling bearings of all types, all size segments and all materials, and the processing method does not exclude the middle of the process taken to further improve the processing precision of the ferrule.
- the conventional precision improvement process measures and methods are carried out before the outer ring outer surface of the outer ring.
- the processing technology of the thin-walled bearing ring before reinforcement is obvious in the processing means, the processing sequence, the final forming sequence of each surface of the ring, and the rigidity of the processing system. Different, ultimately led to a qualitative leap in processing efficiency and processing accuracy.
- the reinforcement of the thin-walled bearing ring reinforcement process begins with the initial blank feeding, and the wall thickness of the radial reinforcing ferrule is reinforced to be close to the normal bearing wall thickness, and the axial reinforcing ferrule reinforcing part
- the wall thickness is equal to or exceeds the wall thickness of the normal bearing ring, the width of the reinforcing portion is sufficient to process the clamping, and the radial and axial two-way reinforcing ferrules are reinforced both in the radial direction and the axial direction, since the ferrule is fed from the blank It is reinforced and therefore has quality and efficiency advantages at all stages of manufacturing and processing:
- the ferrules after heat treatment have a relatively high precision basis, plus the finishing stage to the processing means and processing sequence
- the scientific arrangement completely avoids the clamping and grinding of thin-walled parts during the machining process, so that not only the extremely high machining precision is obtained, but also the machining process is reduced and the processing cost is reduced.
- the surface of each of the surfaces other than the reinforcing surface can be significantly reduced relative to the thin-walled ferrule. Conducive to improve processing efficiency.
- the reinforcing part is removed by hard turning of high-rigidity CNC machine tool. Since the cutting rate of hard turning material is much larger than that of grinding, the process time for removing part of the reinforcing material is controllable.
- the axial reinforcing part clamped by the ferrule hard machining can be reversely processed into similarly sized bearing rings or other useful ring-shaped parts to avoid waste of the axial reinforcing part. .
- the inner circular surface of the radial reinforcing or bidirectional reinforcing ferrule on the hard machine tool (the inner ring is the inner diameter surface and the outer ring is the raceway rib)
- the outer circular surface (the inner ring is the raceway rib)
- the exposed raceway surface (the inner ring raceway surface)
- the thin-walled bearing ring is very narrow.
- multiple ferrules can be installed at one time. Hard-car processing of the outer surface of the ferrule and the exposed raceway surface in one loading.
- the working surface on the ferrule that meets the rolling elements is referred to in the context of the present invention as a raceway or raceway surface, the raceway comprising a grooved raceway and a non-groove raceway, the grooved raceway for a ball bearing
- a ball bearing such as deep groove ball bearings, shallow groove ball bearings, angular contact ball bearings, thrust ball bearings, thrust angular contact ball bearings, three-point contact ball bearings, four-point contact ball bearings, thin-walled ball bearings, flexible bearings, etc.
- the grooved raceway is for roller bearings, such as cylindrical roller bearings, tapered roller bearings, spherical roller bearings, barrel roller bearings, needle bearings, and the like.
- the invention also provides a method for manufacturing a precision thin-walled bearing, comprising:
- the thin-walled outer ring and the thin-walled inner ring are fabricated by the processing method provided by the above embodiments of the present invention.
- the thin-walled inner ring, the thin-walled outer ring, and the finished rolling element are then sorted and placed, and the retainer is placed to assemble a complete thin-walled bearing.
- the thin-walled bearing comprises a thin-walled outer ring 1, a thin-walled inner ring 2, a rolling body 3 embedded between the outer ring raceway and the inner ring raceway, and a retainer 4.
- This embodiment takes the precision thin-walled ball bearing shown in FIG. 12 as an example, and the specific manufacturing method is as follows:
- the precision thin-walled outer ring 1 having an accuracy level of not less than P4 is produced; 3.
- the inner ring reinforcing processing method of any of the examples 5, 8 and 9 produces a precision thin-walled inner ring 2 having an accuracy level not lower than the P4 level;
- the present invention also provides a precision flexible bearing, the structure of which is also shown in FIG. 12, which adopts a single row ball bearing, and the wall thickness of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring are both
- the outer diameter of the outer ring of the bearing is 0.014 to 0.023 times, and the grooved raceway, wherein the bearing precision grade is not lower than the P4 grade, the inner ring of the bearing is a flexible bearing inner ring, and the outer ring of the bearing is a flexible bearing outer ring. It is manufactured using the following manufacturing process:
- Balls with an accuracy class not lower than G5 are selected, and then the outer ring of the flexible bearing, the inner ring of the flexible bearing and the ball are sorted and placed, and the retainer is placed and assembled into a precision flexible bearing with an accuracy level of not less than P4.
- the manufacturing method of the ferrule reinforcing and forming thin-walled bearing includes various types, various materials, various sizes, various precision grades, various lubrication methods, thin-wall rolling bearings of different number of races, and typical RV deceleration.
- the ferrule reinforcement is divided into radial reinforcement, axial reinforcement and two-way reinforcement, which are determined according to the specific conditions of the thin-walled ferrule and the machine tool and fixture resources owned by the enterprise.
- the radial reinforcing ferrule the radial reinforcing part of the bulging inner surface is removed to remove the radial reinforcing part;
- the outer clamping (card) axial filling is given The hard part of the strong part of the strong part cuts off the ferrule from the axial reinforcing part.
- the actual processing and clamping method is not limited to this.
- the above-mentioned hard car and the above can be completed by magnetically reinforcing the end face of the ferrule. Hard cut.
- the axial reinforcement part can be used for magnetic attraction or clamping of the machine tool.
- all the surfaces of the ferrule end surface, All or optional hard cars of outer, inner, raceway, raceway, oil groove, flange, etc., whether or not these surfaces have been ground.
- the ferrule part can also be divided from the axial reinforcing part by the grinding wheel, but the cutting precision has no hard turning accuracy. High only.
- the reinforcing processing method of the thin-walled roller bearing non-grooved raceway thin-walled ferrule is the same as or similar to the grooved raceway thin-walled ball bearing ferrule given in the embodiment. .
- the partial cutting of the thin-walled bearing ring is different from the cutting mode and the cutting sequence of the embodiment given by the present invention, and does not constitute the reinforcing processing method of the thin-walled bearing ring of the present invention, the manufacturing method of the thin-walled bearing and the precision and flexibility. Negation of the bearing.
- the manufacturing method of the ferrule reinforcing and forming thin-walled bearing has higher precision and lower cost, and has higher precision. Low cost double advantage.
- the thinner the wall thickness of the ferrule the more obvious the advantages of the method for manufacturing the reinforced and formed thin-walled bearing of the present invention to improve the accuracy and reduce the cost. Therefore, the method is most suitable for the production of ultra-thin wall precision flexible bearings, and then is suitable for the equal section.
- the manufacture of precision thin-walled bearings such as thin-walled bearings and cross-thin thin-walled roller bearings is of course also suitable for the manufacture of ultra-light series precision bearings with thick ferrules and thick walls.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (21)
- 一种薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:S0:提供留有加工余量的薄壁套圈;S1:沿薄壁套圈的径向和/或轴向进行补强;S2:对步骤S1补强后得到的补强套圈进行淬火、回火热处理;S3:对热处理后的补强套圈进行相应的磨削、硬车和超精研,包括去除加工余量和步骤S1补强得到的补强部分,得到成品薄壁套圈。
- 如权利要求1所述的薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:在所述步骤S1中,进一步为沿薄壁套圈的径向进行补强,所述补强部分补强于步骤S0提供的所述薄壁套圈的外圆面。
- 如权利要求2所述的薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:在所述步骤S0中,所提供的薄壁套圈具有滚道;在所述步骤S3中,对补强套圈进行硬车、磨削和超精研的过程进一步包括:对所述补强套圈的两个端面、内圆面、外圆面和滚道面进行磨削;对磨削后的滚道面进行超精研,成型后:硬车加工所述补强套圈的外圆面,从而去除径向补强的补强部分。
- 如权利要求3所述的薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:加工的是薄壁外圈;所述滚道面与所述内圆面相交。
- 如权利要求3所述的薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:加工的是薄壁内圈;所述滚道面与所述外圆面相交,补强部分错开滚道面布置。
- 如权利要求2所述的薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:加工的是薄壁内圈,在所述步骤S0中,所提供的薄壁套圈不带滚道,在所述步骤S3中,对补强套圈进行硬车、磨削和超精研的过程进一步包括:对所述补强套圈的两个端面、内圆面、外圆面进行磨削;硬车加工所述补强套圈的外圆面,从而去除径向补强的补强部分,并在所述外圆面硬车出滚道面;对滚道面进行超精研。
- 如权利要求2所述的薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:所述补强部分的壁厚为所述薄壁套圈壁厚的0.2至10倍。
- 如权利要求1所述的薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:在所述步骤S1中,进一步为沿薄壁套圈的轴向进行补强,所述补强部分补强于所述薄壁套圈的一侧端面。
- 如权利要求8所述的薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:在所述步骤S3中,对补强套圈进行硬车、磨削和超精研的过程进一步包括:对所述补强套圈的两个端面和外圆面进行磨削;夹持所述补强部分,硬车薄壁套圈内圆面和滚道面;将薄壁套圈从轴向补强部分硬切断下来;研磨薄壁套圈切断端面;对滚道面进行超精研。
- 如权利要求8所述的薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:所述补强部分的外径与所述薄壁套圈的外径一致,内径小于所述薄壁套圈的内径,宽度为所述薄壁套圈宽度的0.2至10倍。
- 如权利要求1所述的薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:在所述步骤S1中,进一步为同时沿薄壁套圈的径向和轴向进行补强,所述补强部分包括径向补强部分和轴向补强部分,所述径向补强部分位于所述薄壁套圈的外圆面,所述轴向补强部分位于所述薄壁套圈的一侧端面。
- 如权利要求11所述的薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:在去除补强部分的过程中,先去除轴向补强部分,再去除径向补强部分。
- 如权利要求12所述的薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:在所述步骤S3中,对补强套圈进行硬车、磨削和超精研的过程进一步包括:对所述补强套圈的两个端面和外圆面进行磨削;将所述补强套圈区分为轴向补强部分与剩下的径向补强套圈,夹持所述轴向补强部分,硬车径向补强套圈的内圆面和滚道面;将径向补强套圈从轴向补强部分硬切断下来;研磨径向补强套圈切断端面;对滚道面进行超精研;硬车外圆面,去除径向补强部分。
- 如权利要求11所述的薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:所述径向补强部分的壁厚为所述薄壁套圈壁厚的0.2至10倍;所述轴向补强部分的宽度为所述薄壁套圈宽度的0.2至10倍,外径等于所述薄壁套圈径向补强后的外径,内径等于或小于所述薄壁套圈的内径。
- 一种薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:S00:提供留有加工余量的、至少包含两个薄壁套圈的薄壁套圈组,所述薄壁套圈组内,各薄壁套圈沿轴向依次排布,两相邻薄壁套圈间通过连接部分连接;S10:沿薄壁套圈组的一侧轴向进行补强,从而形成补强套圈组;S20:对步骤S10得到的补强套圈组进行淬火、回火热处理;S30:对热处理后的补强套圈组进行相应的磨削、硬车和超精研,包括去除加工余量和步骤S10补强得到的轴向补强部分以及连接部分,得到相应数量 的成品薄壁套圈。
- 如权利要求15所述的薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:在所述步骤S30中,对补强套圈组进行硬车、磨削和超精研的过程进一步包括:磨削补强套圈组的双端面和外圆面;夹持所述轴向补强部分,硬车薄壁套圈组的内圆面和滚道面;将各薄壁套圈从连接部分或轴向补强部分硬切断下来;研磨各薄壁套圈切断端面;对滚道面进行超精研。
- 如权利要求15所述的薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:所述轴向补强部分的宽度为所述薄壁套圈宽度的0.2至10倍,内径小于所述薄壁套圈的内径,外径与所述薄壁套圈的外径一致;所述连接部分的宽度为1至5毫米,外径小于或等于薄壁套圈的外径,内径大于或等于薄壁套圈的内径。
- 如权利要求15所述的薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:在所述步骤S10中,还包括:沿薄壁套圈组中各薄壁套圈的径向进行补强,于所述薄壁套圈的外圆面形成径向补强部分;在所述步骤S30中,对套圈进行硬车、磨削和超精研的过程进一步包括:磨削补强套圈组的双端面和外圆面;将所述补强套圈组进一步区分为轴向补强部分和剩下的径向补强套圈组,夹持所述轴向补强部分,硬车所述径向补强套圈组的内圆面和滚道面;将所述径向补强套圈组中的各径向补强套圈从连接部分或轴向补强部分硬切断下来;研磨各径向补强套圈切断端面;对滚道面进行超精研;硬车外圆面,去除径向补强部分。
- 如权利要求18所述的薄壁轴承的薄壁内圈/外圈的加工方法,其特征在于:所述径向补强部分的壁厚为所述薄壁套圈壁厚的0.2至10倍,所述轴向补强部分的外径等于薄壁套圈径向补强后的外径。
- 一种薄壁轴承的制造方法,其特征在于:包括:先采用如权利要求1至4以及7至19任意之一所述的方法制作薄壁外圈,采用如权利要求1至3以及5至19任意之一所述的方法制作薄壁内圈;然后将所述薄壁内圈、薄壁外圈以及成品滚动体分选合套,放置保持器,装配成完整的薄壁轴承。
- 一种精密柔性轴承,其特征在于,采用单列球轴承,轴承外圈和轴承内圈的壁厚均为轴承外圈外径的0.014至0.023倍,且带沟形滚道,其中轴承精度 等级不低于P4级,所述轴承内圈为柔性轴承内圈,所述轴承外圈为柔性轴承外圈,并采用如下制造过程制造而成:采用如权利要求1至4以及7至19任意之一所述的方法制作精度等级不低于P4级的柔性轴承外圈,采用如权利要求1至3以及5至19任意之一所述的方法制作精度等级不低于P4级的柔性轴承内圈;选用精度等级不低于G5级的滚珠,然后将所述柔性轴承外圈、柔性轴承内圈以及滚珠分选合套,放置保持器,装配成精度等级不低于P4级的精密柔性轴承。
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