WO2017069187A1 - 液晶表示素子及び液晶ディスプレイ - Google Patents
液晶表示素子及び液晶ディスプレイ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017069187A1 WO2017069187A1 PCT/JP2016/081065 JP2016081065W WO2017069187A1 WO 2017069187 A1 WO2017069187 A1 WO 2017069187A1 JP 2016081065 W JP2016081065 W JP 2016081065W WO 2017069187 A1 WO2017069187 A1 WO 2017069187A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- crystal display
- crystal composition
- display element
- electrode
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/58—Dopants or charge transfer agents
- C09K19/586—Optically active dopants; chiral dopants
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/02—Liquid crystal materials characterised by optical, electrical or physical properties of the components, in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/58—Dopants or charge transfer agents
- C09K19/586—Optically active dopants; chiral dopants
- C09K19/588—Heterocyclic compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/13439—Electrodes characterised by their electrical, optical, physical properties; materials therefor; method of making
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136286—Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/1368—Active matrix addressed cells in which the switching element is a three-electrode device
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13712—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133371—Cells with varying thickness of the liquid crystal layer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133738—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers for homogeneous alignment
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134372—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for fringe field switching [FFS] where the common electrode is not patterned
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/12—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode
- G02F2201/121—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode common or background
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/12—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode
- G02F2201/123—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode pixel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element and a liquid crystal display including the liquid crystal display element.
- a liquid crystal display element includes a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a pair of substrates, and the liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal composition.
- Such liquid crystal display elements are widely used in image display devices such as liquid crystal televisions, computer monitors, mobile phones, information terminals, and game machines.
- image display devices such as liquid crystal televisions, computer monitors, mobile phones, information terminals, and game machines.
- a typical display method of the liquid crystal display element for example, there are a TN (twisted nematic) type, an STN (super twisted nematic) type, an ECB (field effect birefringence) type, and the like.
- An active matrix liquid crystal display element using TFTs includes a VA type that vertically aligns liquid crystal molecules, an IPS (in-plane switching) type that horizontally aligns liquid crystal molecules, and an FFS (fringe) that is a kind thereof. Field switching) type.
- Nematic liquid crystals are used for these liquid crystal display elements, and liquid crystal compositions having a positive or negative dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) are used depending on the type of the element.
- K 33 / K 11 ⁇ 1.5 and 1.7 ⁇ (K 33 / K 22 ⁇ K 33 / K 11 ) ⁇ 2.7 satisfying the relational expression and having an average transmittance of 0.6 or more is selected.
- a method is disclosed in which high-definition display is possible on a liquid crystal display element by preventing the disorder (disclination) of the alignment of liquid crystal molecules between the center of the pixel and between pixel electrodes (see Patent Document 1). In this method, the average light transmittance of the liquid crystal composition is improved by preventing disclination.
- Patent Document 1 does not describe anything about an n-type liquid crystal composition, and the method described in Patent Document 1 cannot be said to be intended for an n-type liquid crystal composition. Furthermore, Patent Document 1 does not describe improvement of light transmittance, and Patent Document 1 discloses a method for measuring K 11 , K 22 and K 33 of an n-type liquid crystal composition in the first place. The validity of the measured values cannot be verified.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is a liquid crystal composition having a negative value of dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) designed to improve light transmittance using an elastic constant. It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display element using an object and a liquid crystal display including the liquid crystal display element.
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition having a dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) smaller than ⁇ 1.5, threshold voltage (Vth), bend elastic constant (K 33 ), vacuum dielectric constant ( ⁇ 0 ), cell gap Using the measured values of (d) and the helical pitch (P 0 ), the value of the twist elastic constant (K 22 ) obtained by the following formula (1) and the elastic constant of spray of the liquid crystal composition (K 11) And a measured value of the elastic constant (K 33 ) of the bend, and a liquid crystal composition having a value of ⁇ determined by the following formula (2) of 0.3 or less.
- a display element is provided.
- the present invention also provides a liquid crystal display including the liquid crystal display element.
- a liquid crystal display element using a liquid crystal composition having a negative value of dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), which is designed to improve light transmittance using an elastic constant, and A liquid crystal display including the liquid crystal display element is provided.
- Example 1 it is the graph which plotted the maximum value of the light transmittance of the liquid crystal display element, and the value of (Gamma). In Example 1, it is the graph which plotted the response time of the liquid crystal display element, and the value of (GA).
- the measured value of the constant (K 11 ) and the elastic constant of the bend (K 33 ) were used, and the liquid crystal composition having a value of ⁇ determined by the following formula (2) of 0.3 or less was used.
- the liquid crystal composition satisfying the specific condition that the value of ⁇ obtained by the equation (2) is 0.3 or less is, for example, an electric field (lateral) having a component in a direction parallel to the surface of the substrate sandwiching the liquid crystal composition.
- a liquid crystal display element of a type driven by an electric field exhibits high light transmittance (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “transparency”).
- the liquid crystal display element using such a liquid crystal composition has the outstanding characteristic.
- the liquid crystal display element of the present invention uses the splay elastic constant (K 11 ), the twist elastic constant (K 22 ), and the bend elastic constant (K 33 ) so as to have excellent transparency.
- the liquid crystal composition designed in the above is used.
- K 22 represents a threshold voltage (Vth), an elastic constant of bend (K 33 ), a cell gap (d) for a liquid crystal composition having a dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) smaller than ⁇ 1.5. ) And the measured value of the helical pitch (P 0 ), which is obtained by the above formula (1).
- the liquid crystal composition used in the present invention is an n-type liquid crystal composition.
- Formula (method of measuring K 22) a method for obtaining the K 22 of n-type liquid crystal composition by (1) is a novel which has not been known conventionally.
- a method for measuring K 22 of a p-type liquid crystal composition has been disclosed in “US Pat. No. 8,168,083” so far, but this method cannot be applied to an n-type liquid crystal composition as it is.
- a method for measuring K 22 of an n-type liquid crystal composition has been disclosed in “Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-178883”, but the method for measuring K 22 in the present invention is higher than this. in that it can measure the K 22 in precision, is very excellent.
- the method of measuring the K 22 in the present invention will be described below.
- the twist elastic constant (K 22 ) is determined, for example, by sandwiching a liquid crystal composition to be measured for K 22 in a cell having an electrode and two (a pair of) opposing substrates, and applying a voltage between the electrodes.
- the capacitance (C) of the cell filled with the liquid crystal composition is measured
- the threshold voltage (Vth) is measured from the capacitance (C), the threshold voltage (Vth)
- From the helical pitch (P 0 ) of the liquid crystal composition From the helical pitch (P 0 ) of the liquid crystal composition
- the elastic constant of bend (K 33 ) the dielectric constant ( ⁇ 0 ) and dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) of the vacuum
- the cell gap (d) of the cell It is obtained by the equation (1).
- ⁇ 0 indicates the dielectric constant of vacuum.
- Parameters other than the dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) in the formula (1) are obtained using a cell having a specific cell gap (d).
- the cell used for obtaining these parameters may be the same as or different from the cell included in the target liquid crystal display element.
- the two substrates of the cell can be made of a transparent insulating material having flexibility such as glass or plastic, and one of them is made of an opaque insulating material such as silicon. Also good.
- a transparent substrate having a transparent electrode is obtained, for example, by sputtering indium tin oxide (ITO) on a transparent substrate such as a glass plate.
- the substrate is opposed so that the transparent electrode is on the inside.
- the thickness of the obtained light control layer is preferably adjusted to be 1 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 1.5 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the spacer include columnar spacers made of glass particles, plastic particles, alumina particles, photoresist materials, and the like.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a main part of one embodiment of the cell.
- the cell 2 ⁇ / b> C shown here includes a pair of substrates, a first substrate 23 and a second substrate 24.
- a first electrode 231 and a first alignment film 232 are stacked in this order on the surface of the first substrate 23 facing (opposite) the second substrate 24 toward the second substrate 24.
- a second electrode 241 and a second alignment film 242 are stacked in this order on the surface of the second substrate 24 facing (opposite) the first substrate 23 toward the first substrate 23.
- a liquid crystal composition can be sandwiched between the first substrate 23 and the second substrate 24.
- the first alignment film 232 and the second alignment film 242 control the alignment state of the sandwiched liquid crystal composition.
- the symbol d 3 represents a cell gap in the cell 2C.
- the cell 2C is a cell used in a VA liquid crystal display element, and such a cell can be suitably used in the elastic constant measurement method of the present invention.
- cells shown in FIG. 1 are only some examples of cells that can be used in the present invention, and the cells that can be used in the present invention are not limited to these. For example, those in which various changes are made to these cells can be used in the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
- the threshold voltage (Vth) can be measured by the following method. That is, using the cell, the liquid crystal composition to be measured was sealed therein, the liquid crystal composition was sandwiched between the electrodes, and the liquid crystal composition was filled in an arbitrary voltage applied between the electrodes. The capacitance (C) of the cell is measured. At this time, the relationship between the voltage and the capacitance (C) can be confirmed by changing the applied voltage and measuring the capacitance (C) at that time, but the process of increasing the voltage There is a timing at which the capacitance (C), which has been almost or completely constant, suddenly increases. The voltage at this timing is the threshold voltage (Vth). The method for measuring the threshold voltage (Vth) is as described above.
- K 33 is P 0 infinite ( ⁇ ), that is, a liquid crystal composition that does not contain a chiral compound is prepared as a liquid crystal composition to be measured. What is necessary is just to obtain
- the liquid crystal composition for obtaining the K 33 at this time, except that it does not contain a chiral compound may be used having the same composition as the liquid crystal composition to be measured in K 22.
- Vth ⁇ (K 33 / ⁇ ) 1/2 because d / P 0 is 0. Since both Vth and ⁇ can be experimentally calculated as described above, K 33 is obtained by substituting the values into the approximate expression of the expression (1).
- the method for obtaining K 33 in the present invention is completely different from the method for obtaining K 33 by solving the binary simultaneous equations described in “Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-178883”. K 33 can be obtained with higher accuracy than in the case where the method is used.
- the helical pitch (P 0 ) and the cell gap (d) are known values.
- d 3 in FIG. 1 is an example of the cell gap (d).
- the dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) of the liquid crystal composition is preferably less than ⁇ 1.5, ⁇ 10 or more and less than ⁇ 1.5, as described above, and ⁇ 8 or more and ⁇ 1. Is more preferably less than .5, further preferably from -6 to -1.8, and particularly preferably from -5 to -2.
- the dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) of the liquid crystal composition is smaller than the lower limit value, the liquid crystal composition responds very sensitively to changes in the applied voltage for driving the liquid crystal composition, and gradation display is performed. Becomes difficult.
- the driving voltage of the liquid crystal display element is preferably in the range of 5V to 6V due to the above-described grayscale display and power saving requirements, but is not limited to these driving voltages.
- the liquid crystal composition to be measured needs to be twist-aligned so as to have a specific helical pitch (P 0 ).
- P 0 a specific helical pitch
- the chiral compound will be described in detail later.
- the parameters, Vth, ⁇ and K 33 in the equation (1) are obtained, and further, P 0 and d are known values, and thus cannot be determined by the parameters in the equation (1). is the only K 22's. Therefore, K 22 is obtained by substituting these five types of parameters into the equation (1).
- the method for obtaining K 22 in the present invention is completely different from the method for obtaining K 22 by solving the binary simultaneous equations described in “Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-178883”. K 22 can be obtained with higher accuracy than in the case where the method is used.
- the threshold voltage (Vth) is measured under the condition where the value of d / P 0 is different by the above-described method, and the obtained measured values of the plurality of threshold voltages (Vth) and a plurality of corresponding values are measured.
- a function having Vth and d / P 0 as variables can be derived from the value of d / P 0 by regression calculation.
- either one of d and P 0 may be changed.
- d is changed with P 0 being constant.
- the threshold voltage is calculated from the function derived by changing the P 0 and d is constant (Vth) is a very small error between the measured value of the threshold voltage (Vth). Therefore, after obtaining K 33 from the threshold voltage (Vth) by the above-described method, when obtaining K 22 of the target liquid crystal composition, d is the same as that obtained when K 33 is obtained, and P 0 is changed. by obtaining the K 22 Te, asked to K 22 with high accuracy.
- the cell gap (d) is constant means that the cell gaps (d) are exactly the same as each other, or the difference between the cell gaps (d) is sufficiently small to be negligible. For example, it means that the difference in cell gap (d) is 0 to 1.2 ⁇ m.
- the helical pitch (P 0 ) is constant means that the helical pitches (P 0 ) are exactly the same as each other, or the difference in the helical pitch (P 0 ) is negligible. It means that it is sufficiently small, for example, it means that the difference of the helical pitch (P 0 ) is 0 to 0.6 ⁇ m.
- a liquid crystal composition By changing the P 0, in order to measure the threshold voltage (Vth), it is necessary to use a liquid crystal composition a plurality of types of P 0 is different.
- the plurality of types of liquid crystal compositions having different P 0 two or more types of liquid crystal compositions containing one type or two or more types of chiral compounds and having different total contents of the chiral compounds, or It is preferable to use two or more liquid crystal compositions having different helical twisting powers of the chiral compound to be contained, the helical twisting powers of the chiral compound being different from each other, and the contents of these chiral compounds being the same. It is more preferable to use two or more liquid crystal compositions.
- the measurement accuracy of the K 22 is further improved.
- the thing from which the said helical twisting power differs as a chiral compound what is necessary is just to use the thing of a different kind as a chiral compound normally.
- the helical twisting power will be described in detail later.
- the cell gap (d) of the cell is preferably 3 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 to 150 ⁇ m, still more preferably 3.1 to 120 ⁇ m, still more preferably 3.2 to 100 ⁇ m, still more preferably 3.
- K 22 and K 33 are measured at 3 to 90 ⁇ m, more preferably 3.4 to 80 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 3.5 to 70 ⁇ m.
- the K 22 Measurement accuracy is further improved.
- the cell gap (d) is set to be equal to or less than the upper limit value, the effect of suppressing the variation in the cell gap (d) is enhanced in all the regions of the substrate that define the cell gap (d). As a result, the uniformity of the cell gap (d) of the cells becomes higher.
- the “cell gap (d)” is obtained by the method described later.
- the size of the cell gap (d) is preferably adjustable to a desired value.
- the cell By using such a cell and adjusting the cell gap (d) to a target size for measurement, it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of types of cells.
- measurement of elastic constants such as K 22 and K 33 and measurement of other parameters such as Vth necessary for the measurement can be continuously performed without replacing the cells. It can be simplified.
- the size of the cell gap (d) can be adjusted, for example, only one of the pair (two) substrates can change the size of the cell gap (d).
- the two substrates may be adjustable such that the size of the cell gap (d) can be changed.
- the substrate As a method of adjusting the substrate so that the size of the cell gap (d) can be changed, for example, in one or both of a pair of substrates, in the cell in a direction perpendicular to the surface of these substrates.
- the method of changing the arrangement position of these, etc. is mentioned, One method may be applied independently and two or more methods may be used together.
- an actuator provided with a piezoelectric element or the like is used as the cell, and the substrate is moved in the cell by driving this actuator. You can do it.
- the method for determining the cell gap (d) is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint that it is required simply and with high accuracy, the cell filled with the liquid crystal composition is placed in the air as shown below. obtaining method, the cell gap (d) by observing interference light generated when the liquid crystal composition is incident light to the cell filled determined by measuring the electrostatic capacitance (C 0) Methods and the like.
- a method for obtaining the cell gap (d) by measuring the capacitance (C 0 ) is as follows.
- the capacitance (C 0 ) is the capacitance of the cell when a voltage sufficiently lower than a threshold voltage is applied when the cell filled with the liquid crystal composition is placed in the air.
- the “voltage sufficiently lower than the threshold voltage” means, for example, a voltage (V) that is equal to or higher than the threshold voltage multiplied by 0.1, and a voltage that is equal to or lower than the voltage (V) that is equal to 0.9 multiplied by the threshold voltage. Voltage.
- the cell gap (d) includes the capacitance (C 0 ), the relative dielectric constant ( ⁇ ⁇ ) of the liquid crystal composition in the cell, the dielectric constant ( ⁇ 0 ) of the vacuum, and the electrode of the cell. It has a relationship represented by the following formula with the area (S). Since epsilon ⁇ , epsilon 0 and S is known, by measuring the C 0, the cell gap (d) is obtained.
- C 0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0 ⁇ S / d
- the elastic constant (K 22 ) of the twist which has conventionally not had an accurate measuring method for the n-type liquid crystal composition, can be measured with high accuracy.
- the bend elastic constant (K 33 ) and threshold voltage (Vth) can also be measured with high accuracy.
- twist elastic constant (K 22 ) A cell having an electrode and two opposing substrates for sandwiching the liquid crystal composition to be measured, a voltage applying means for applying an arbitrary voltage between the electrodes, and a voltage between the electrodes In a state where is applied, actual measurement means for measuring the capacitance (C) of the cell filled with the liquid crystal composition, and a threshold voltage (C) from the capacitance (C) measured by the actual measurement means Vth), a helical pitch (P 0 ) of the liquid crystal composition, an elastic constant of bend (K 33 ), a dielectric constant ( ⁇ 0 ) and a dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) of the vacuum, and the cell Enter the cell gap (d) of And in, by the formula (1) include those and a resilient constant determining means for determining the elastic constant (K 22) of twist of the liquid
- the cell in the elastic constant measuring apparatus is the same as the cell described in the elastic constant measuring method.
- the voltage applying means may be a known one that applies a voltage between electrodes in a cell in a liquid crystal display element.
- the actual measurement means may be a known device that can measure the capacitance when a voltage is applied between the electrodes.
- the voltage application means and the actual measurement means are usually electrically connected to the cell.
- the voltage application means may be an electrode. Examples include those that can detect a change in capacitance (C) when the voltage applied between them is changed, and those that can automatically detect a change in capacitance (C) above a certain value are preferable.
- the threshold voltage measuring unit may also serve as the actual measuring unit.
- the elastic constant determining means includes the input helical pitch (P 0 ), bend elastic constant (K 33 ), vacuum dielectric constant ( ⁇ 0 ) and dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) of the liquid crystal composition, and Based on the value of the cell gap (d) of the cell, K 22 of the liquid crystal composition is determined by the formula (1). For example, an arithmetic unit of a computer is used. be able to.
- the elastic constant measuring apparatus measures, as means for measuring the dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) of the liquid crystal composition, means for measuring the relative dielectric constant ⁇ ⁇ of the liquid crystal composition, and relative dielectric constant ⁇ ⁇ of the liquid crystal composition.
- means for measuring, and means for calculating dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) based on relative permittivity ⁇ and relative permittivity ⁇ ⁇ include a cell having a vertically aligned cell and an LCR meter electrically connected to the cell.
- Examples of the means for measuring the relative dielectric constant ⁇ include a cell having a horizontally aligned cell and an LCR meter electrically connected to the cell.
- ⁇ 0 represents the dielectric constant of vacuum.
- the elastic constant measuring device may include means for measuring the cell gap (d).
- a means for measuring the cell gap (d) for example, a light source that makes light enter the cell, a measuring instrument that measures the pitch of interference fringes of interference light, and an input measurement value of the pitch of interference fringes And means for calculating the cell gap (d) in consideration of the wavelength dispersion of the refractive index of the liquid crystal composition.
- the means for calculating the cell gap (d), the relative permittivity ( ⁇ ) of the input liquid crystal composition, and the permittivity of vacuum ( ⁇ 0 ), A cell gap (d) based on the cell electrode area (S) and the cell capacitance (C 0 ), for example, a computer arithmetic unit can be used. .
- FIG. 2 schematically shows an embodiment of the elastic constant measuring apparatus.
- the measuring apparatus 1 shown here includes a cell 2, a voltage applying means 3, an actual measuring means 4, a threshold voltage measuring means 5, and an elastic constant determining means 6.
- reference numeral 9 denotes a wiring.
- the cell 2 for example, the cell 2C shown in FIG.
- the voltage application means 3 and the actual measurement means 4 are electrically connected to the cell 2, and the threshold voltage measurement means 5 is electrically connected to the actual measurement means 4 and the elastic constant determination means 6.
- the information on the capacitance (C) measured by the actual measurement means 4 is automatically transmitted to the threshold voltage measurement means 5, and the threshold voltage (Vth) is automatically obtained in the threshold voltage measurement means 5.
- the means 71 for measuring the cell gap (d) is electrically connected to the cell 2 and automatically measures the cell gap (d).
- the means 71 for measuring the cell gap (d) is electrically connected to the elastic constant determining means 6, and the measured value of the cell gap (d) is used as the elastic constant determining means 6. It is preferable that it is set so that it can be input automatically.
- the measuring apparatus 1 includes means 72 for calculating the dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ )
- the means 72 for calculating the dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) is electrically connected to the elastic constant determining means 6. It is preferable that the measurement (calculation) value of the dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) is set so that it can be automatically input to the elastic constant determination means 6.
- the measuring device 1 is only an example that can be used in the present invention, and the elastic constant measuring device used in the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. May be added.
- K 11 is obtained by the measuring method known from the prior art.
- it is obtained from the capacitance (C) of the cell filled with the liquid crystal composition when a high voltage (V) is applied between the electrodes.
- V high voltage
- the liquid crystal molecules are vertically aligned.
- the chiral compound may be a known compound, for example, a compound having an asymmetric atom, a compound having axial asymmetry, a compound having plane asymmetry, or an atropisomer, but a compound having an asymmetric atom. Or the compound which has axial asymmetry is preferable.
- the asymmetric atom is an asymmetric carbon atom, since steric inversion hardly occurs, but a hetero atom may be an asymmetric atom.
- the asymmetric atom may be introduced into a part of the chain structure or may be introduced into a part of the cyclic structure.
- a compound having axial asymmetry is preferred when a strong helical induction force is particularly required.
- the chiral compound may have a polymerizable group or may not have a polymerizable group.
- the chiral compound may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the compound having an asymmetric atom include a compound having an asymmetric carbon in a side chain portion, a compound having an asymmetric carbon in a ring structure portion, and a compound satisfying both of them. Specific examples include compounds represented by the following general formula (Ch-I).
- R 100 and R 101 are independently of each other a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, NO 2 , halogen, OCN, SCN, SF 5 , a chiral or achiral group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
- R 3 and R 5 each independently represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a hydrogen atom, and one or more —CH of the alkyl group
- the 2- group is defined as a group in which oxygen atoms or sulfur atoms are not directly bonded to each other, —O—, —S—, —NH—, —N (CH 3 ) —, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—.
- X 3 and X 4 are each a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br, I), a cyano group, a phenyl group (one or more arbitrary hydrogen atoms of the phenyl group are halogen atoms (F, Cl, Br, I), optionally substituted with a methyl group, a methoxy group, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 ), a methyl group, a methoxy group, —CF 3 , or —OCF 3 .
- a group different from X 3 is selected for X 4 so that the position marked with an asterisk * becomes an asymmetric atom.
- N 3 is an integer of 0 to 20, n 4 is 0 or 1
- R 5 in the general formulas (Rd) and (Ri) is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- Q in the general formulas (Re) and (Rj) includes a divalent hydrocarbon group such as a methylene group, an isopropylidene group, a cyclohexylidene group
- X 3 is preferably F, CF 3 , or CH 3 . Among them, as a chiral alkyl group in which the CH 2 group is substituted,
- n is an integer of 2 to 12, preferably 3 to 8, more preferably 4, 5 or 6, and an asterisk * represents a chiral carbon atom). preferable.
- Z 100 and Z 101 are independently of each other —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —O—COO—, —CO—N.
- a 100 and A 101 are preferably 1,4-phenylene or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, but these rings are unsubstituted, or in the 1-4 position, F, Cl, CN or It is preferably substituted with alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl or alkoxycarbonyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- n 11 represents 0 or 1, when n 11 is 0, m 12 is 0, and m 11 is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, When n 11 is 1, m 11 and m 12 are each independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, and when n 11 is 0, at least one of R 100 and R 101 is chiral.
- n 11 and m 12 are 0, m 11 is preferably 1, 2 or 3, and when n 11 is 1, m 11 and m 12 are each independently preferably 1, 2 or 3. .
- D represents the following formulas (D1) to (D3)
- any one or two or more arbitrary hydrogen atoms of the benzene ring are substituted with a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br, I), an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group.
- the hydrogen atom of the alkyl group or alkoxy group may be optionally substituted with a fluorine atom, and the methylene group in the alkyl group or alkoxy group may be —O—, —S—, —COO—, Even if oxygen atoms or sulfur atoms are not directly bonded to each other by —OCO—, —CF 2 —, —CF ⁇ CH—, —CH ⁇ CF—, —CF ⁇ CF— or C ⁇ C—. Good)) ).
- any one or two or more arbitrary hydrogen atoms in the benzene ring are halogen atoms (F, Cl, Br, I), methyl groups, methoxy groups, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 )
- Any one or more carbon atoms of the benzene ring may be substituted with nitrogen atoms, and the introduction of these substituents and nitrogen atoms reduces crystallinity and dielectric constant. It is preferable for controlling the direction and magnitude of anisotropy, and the definition of Z is the same as Z 100 and Z 101 in the formula (Ch-I).
- a benzene ring or a cyclohexane ring is preferable to a heterocyclic ring such as a pyridine ring or a pyrimidine ring.
- a compound having a heterocyclic ring such as a pyridine ring or a pyrimidine ring.
- the polarizability of the compound is relatively large and the crystallinity is lowered.
- R 100, R 101 and Z 100 represents the same meaning as R 100, R 101 and Z 100 in the general formula (Ch-I), at least one of R 100 and R 101 represent a chiral group , L 100 to L 105 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom.
- the compound represented by the general formula (Ch-I) is preferably a compound represented by the following formula.
- the compound represented by the general formula (Ch-I) has a structure having an asymmetric carbon in the ring structure portion, but the chiral structure D is preferably the formula (D2).
- the compounds represented by the general formula (Ch-I) when D represents the formula (D2) are specifically the following formulas (D2-1) to (D2-8)
- the axially asymmetric compound compounds represented by the following general formulas (IV-d4), (IV-d5), (IV-c1) and (IV-c2) are preferable.
- the axis of axial asymmetry is a bond connecting the ⁇ -positions of two naphthalene rings in the case of general formulas (IV-d4), (IV-d5), and (IV-c2). ) Is a single bond connecting two benzene rings.
- R 71 and R 72 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano (CN) group, an isocyanate (NCO) group, or an isothiocyanate (NCS).
- —CH ⁇ CH—, —CF ⁇ CF—, or —C ⁇ C— any hydrogen in the alkyl may be replaced with a halogen atom.
- a 71 and A 72 are each independently an aromatic or non-aromatic 3, 6 to 8 membered ring, or having 9 or more carbon atoms. Represents a condensed ring, and any hydrogen atom in these rings may be replaced with a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a haloalkyl group, and one or more —CH 2 — May be replaced by —O—, —S—, or —NH—, and one or more —CH ⁇ of the ring may be replaced with —N ⁇ .
- X 71 and X 72 are each independently a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —CF 2 O —, —OCF 2 —, or —CH 2 CH 2 — is represented.
- m 71 and m 72 each independently represents an integer of 1 to 4. However, either one of m 71 and m 72 in the general formula (IV-d5) may be 0.
- R k represents the same meaning as a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or X 71 — (A 71 —Z 71 ) —R 71 .
- X 61 and Y 61 , X 62 and Y 62 are present, and X 61 , X 62 , Y 61 , and Y 62 are each , Each independently represents CH 2 , C ⁇ O, O, N, S, P, B, or Si.
- N, P, B, and Si they may be bonded to a substituent such as an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, or an acyl group so as to satisfy a required valence.
- E 61 and E 62 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an allyl group, a benzyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, or an alkyl ether group. Represents an alkyl ester group, an alkyl ketone group, a heterocyclic group, or a derivative thereof.
- R 61 and R 62 each independently represent a phenyl group, a cyclopentyl group, or an alkyl group, an alkoxyl group, or a halogen atom, Represents a cyclohexyl group.
- R 63 , R 64 , R 65 , R 66 , R 67 and R 68 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxyl group, an acyloxy group, a halogen atom, a haloalkyl group, Or a dialkylamino group, and two of R 63 , R 64 and R 65 may be a methylene chain which may have a substituent, or a mono or polymethylenedioxy which may have a substituent May form a group, and two of R 66 , R 67 and R 68 may have an optionally substituted methylene chain, or may have an optionally substituted mono or polymethylene A dioxy group may be formed. However, it excludes when both R65 and R66 are hydrogen atoms.
- the compounds represented by the general formulas (IV-d4) and (IV-d5) are particularly preferable.
- the helical pitch (P 0 ) of the liquid crystal composition decreases as the concentration of the chiral compound in the liquid crystal composition increases, but when the concentration of the chiral compound in the liquid crystal composition is low, the concentration of the chiral compound
- the product of (c (mass%)) and the helical pitch (P 0 ( ⁇ m)) is known to be constant, and by using the reciprocal thereof, a helical twisting power represented by the following formula (4) ( HTP ( ⁇ m ⁇ 1 )) is defined.
- the helical twisting power (HTP) of the chiral compound is preferably 1.0 to 100.0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 , more preferably 2.0 to 70.0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1. Particularly preferred is 0.0 to 20.0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 .
- the helical twisting power (HTP) of the chiral compound is equal to or higher than the lower limit, the liquid crystal composition can have sufficient twist alignment ability without being affected by the physical property value depending on the content of the chiral compound.
- the helical twisting power (HTP) of the chiral compound is not more than the above upper limit value, the liquid crystal composition can obtain a sufficient twist alignment ability even if the content of the chiral compound is small.
- the threshold voltage (Vth) decreases as the content of the chiral compound in the liquid crystal composition to be measured increases.
- the content of the chiral compound in the liquid crystal composition to be measured is, for example, preferably 0.0001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.0005% by mass or more, and further preferably 0. 0.001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.0025% by mass or more, more preferably 0.005% by mass or more, more preferably 0.0075% by mass or more, still more preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0. 0.025% by mass or more, more preferably 0.05% by mass or more, and further preferably 0.075% by mass or more.
- the content of the chiral compound in the liquid crystal composition to be measured is, for example, preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 7.5% by mass or less, further preferably 5% by mass or less, and further preferably 3%. 0.5% by mass or less, more preferably 2% by mass or less, more preferably 1% by mass or less, further preferably 0.8% by mass or less, more preferably 0.6% by mass or less, and further preferably 0.4% by mass. It is as follows.
- the liquid crystal composition to be measured of the K 22 in the present invention is the -1.5 smaller n-type liquid crystal composition, typically is one that does not contain a polymerizable compound .
- the liquid crystal composition used in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention is also an n-type liquid crystal composition having a dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) smaller than ⁇ 1.5, and the elastic constant measuring method and elastic constant of the liquid crystal composition described above. What designed using a measuring apparatus is preferable.
- Examples of the liquid crystal composition used in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention include the same liquid crystal composition as that of the n-type liquid crystal composition to which the elastic constant measurement method for the liquid crystal composition described above is applied.
- the n-type liquid crystal composition to which the elastic constant measuring method is applied may further contain a polymerizable compound.
- the value of ⁇ determined by the above formula (2) defined using the above K 11 , K 22 and K 33 is 0.3 or less. Become. This is in order to improve the transmittance of light of the liquid crystal composition is not only to reduce the value (absolute value) of K 22, and the value of K 11 and K 33, relative values of K 22 This means that it can be made smaller.
- the value of ⁇ of 0.3 or less is specified by an example described later.
- the liquid crystal composition is usually, as the value of the ⁇ decreases, improved light transmittance, the driving voltage (V 100 voltage) tends to decrease. Conversely, larger values of the ⁇ is the light transmittance is decreased, the driving voltage (V 100 voltage) tends to increase. Therefore, in the liquid crystal composition used in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention, the value of ⁇ is preferably 0.01 or more, more preferably 0.05 or more, and preferably 0.1 or more. More preferably, it is particularly preferably 0.2 or more. When the value of ⁇ is equal to or greater than the lower limit, the light transmittance is further improved without greatly reducing the driving voltage of the liquid crystal display element.
- the liquid crystal composition used in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention can improve the response time as the value of ⁇ increases.
- the value of ⁇ is preferably 0.01 or more, more preferably 0.05 or more, as in the case of the above-described transmittance. 1 or more is more preferable, and 0.2 or more is particularly preferable.
- the liquid crystal composition used in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention may have any value of ⁇ of 0.3 or less, for example, 0.27 or less and 0.25 or less. is there.
- the liquid crystal composition has the desired characteristics by simulating using the specific elastic constants (K 11 , K 22 , K 33 ), Such a technique is extremely useful for designing a liquid crystal composition.
- the liquid crystal molecules differ in the magnitude and direction of the force applied depending on the location in the cell, and interact with each other in the vicinity of liquid crystal molecules. The magnitude and direction of action is also different. Therefore, if only some of the elastic constants (K 11 , K 22 , K 33 ) are taken into account, or if an elastic constant having a large error (especially K 22 ) is used, the characteristics of the liquid crystal composition can be accurately obtained. In this respect, the conventional method was insufficient.
- liquid crystal composition used in a liquid crystal display device of the present invention K 22 be included is designed based on the highly accurate elastic constant, characteristic deduced is accurate, the design accuracy Extremely expensive. Therefore, the liquid crystal display element of the present invention using such a liquid crystal composition also has extremely high design accuracy.
- preferred embodiments of the liquid crystal display element of the present invention will be described more specifically.
- the liquid crystal display element of the present invention uses the liquid crystal composition as described above, and examples thereof include a VA type liquid crystal display element having the same cells as those shown in FIG.
- the liquid crystal display element of the present invention includes an IPS (in-plane switching) type or FFS (fringe field switching) type liquid crystal display element having the cell shown in FIG.
- the liquid crystal display element of this invention can be set as the structure similar to a well-known liquid crystal display element except the point which has the above-mentioned as a liquid crystal composition. First, the cells shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 will be described in detail.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a main part of one embodiment of a cell used in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention.
- the cell 2 ⁇ / b> A shown here includes a pair of substrates, a first substrate 21 and a second substrate 22.
- the first electrode 211A and the second electrode 212A are alternately arranged on the surface of the first substrate 21 facing (opposed to) the second substrate 22.
- a case is shown in which the first electrode 211A corresponds to a positive electrode and the second electrode 212A corresponds to a negative electrode.
- a liquid crystal composition can be sandwiched between the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22.
- the cell gap d 1 , the electrode width W 1 of the first electrode 211A and the second electrode 212A, and the inter-electrode distance L 1 between the first electrode 211A and the second electrode 212A are L 1 / d 1 > 1 and L 1 / W 1 > 1 is satisfied, the inter-electrode distance L 1 is larger than the cell gap d 1 and the electrode width W 1 , and the first electrode 211A and the second electrode 212A do not have a structure close to each other And it has the electrode structure used with an IPS type
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a main part of another embodiment of the cell used in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention. 4 that are the same as those shown in FIG. 3 are assigned the same reference numerals as in FIG. 3 and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.
- the cell 2 ⁇ / b> B shown here includes a pair of substrates, a first substrate 21 and a second substrate 22.
- the second electrode 212 ⁇ / b> B and the insulating layer 213 are stacked in this order toward the second substrate 22, and the insulating layer 213 faces the second substrate 22.
- a plurality of first electrodes 211B are arranged on the surface to be spaced with a predetermined interval.
- the first electrode 211B corresponds to a positive electrode
- the second electrode 212B corresponds to a negative electrode.
- a liquid crystal composition can be sandwiched between the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22.
- the cell gap d 2 and the electrode width W 2 of the first electrode 211B can be set to be the same as d 1 and W 1 in the cell 2A, for example.
- Cell 2B is a inter-electrode distance L 1 to 0 (zero) in it were cells 2A, has a structure formed by laminating a first electrode 211B and the second electrode 212B via the insulating layer 213, FFS type liquid crystal display It has an electrode configuration used in the device.
- a direction perpendicular to the surfaces of the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 is also provided.
- An electric field is also generated (in the vertical direction).
- a strong electric field is generated in the vertical direction in a region near the side surface of the first electrode 211B.
- the first electrode 211B and the second electrode 212B are respectively transparent electrodes so that the display function can be exhibited even in these electrode portions, and the liquid crystal display element including such a cell Can increase the aperture ratio.
- the cells shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 are merely examples of cells that can be used in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention, and the cells that can be used in the liquid crystal display element are not limited thereto.
- the cells shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 with various modifications can be used.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing an embodiment of the liquid crystal display element of the present invention.
- the liquid crystal display element 10 shown here includes a first transparent insulating substrate (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “first substrate”) 12 having an alignment film 14 formed on the surface thereof, and a distance from the first substrate.
- a second transparent insulating substrate (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “second substrate”) 17 provided on the surface and having an alignment film 14 formed thereon is filled between the first substrate 12 and the second substrate 17.
- a liquid crystal layer 15 in contact with the pair of alignment films, and an electrode layer 13 including a thin film transistor, a common electrode 122, and a pixel electrode 121 as an active element between the alignment film 14 and the first substrate 12. have.
- the liquid crystal display element 10 includes a first substrate 12 and a second substrate 17 which are arranged to face each other, and a liquid crystal layer 15 containing the liquid crystal composition is sandwiched between them.
- This is a liquid crystal display element of an electric field method (here, an FFS type which is one form of an IPS type).
- the first substrate 12 has an electrode layer 13 formed on the surface on the liquid crystal layer 15 side.
- These alignment films 14 and 14 are provided, and the alignment directions of these alignment films 14 are substantially parallel to the surface of the first substrate 12 or the second substrate 17.
- the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal composition are aligned so as to be substantially parallel to the surface of the first substrate 12 or the second substrate 17 when no voltage is applied.
- the first substrate 12 and the second substrate 17 may be sandwiched between a pair of polarizing plates 11 and 18.
- a color filter 16 is provided between the second substrate 17 and the alignment film 14.
- the liquid crystal display element of the present invention may be a so-called color filter on array (COA), a color filter may be provided between an electrode layer including a thin film transistor and a liquid crystal layer, or the thin film transistor may be included.
- COA color filter on array
- a color filter may be provided between the electrode layer and the second substrate.
- the liquid crystal display element 10 shown here includes a first polarizing plate 11, a first substrate 12, an electrode layer 13 including a thin film transistor, an alignment film 14, a liquid crystal layer 15 including the liquid crystal composition, and an alignment film 14.
- the color filter 16, the second substrate 17, and the second polarizing plate 18 are sequentially stacked.
- the first substrate 12 and the second substrate 17 can be made of a transparent insulating material having flexibility such as glass or plastic, and one is made of an opaque insulating material such as silicon. May be.
- substrate 17 are bonded together by sealing materials and sealing materials, such as an epoxy-type thermosetting composition arrange
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view showing a region surrounded by the II line of the electrode layer 13 formed on the first substrate 12 in FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display element shown in FIG. 3 taken along the line III-III in FIG.
- the electrode layer 13 including a thin film transistor formed on the surface of the first substrate 12 includes a plurality of gate lines 124 for supplying scanning signals and a plurality of data lines for supplying display signals. 125 are arranged in a matrix so as to cross each other.
- FIG. 6 shows only a pair of gate wirings 124 and a pair of data wirings 125.
- a unit pixel of the liquid crystal display device is formed by a region surrounded by the plurality of gate lines 124 and the plurality of data lines 125, and a pixel electrode 121 and a common electrode 122 are formed in the unit pixel.
- a thin film transistor including a source electrode 127, a drain electrode 126, and a gate electrode 128 is provided in the vicinity of the intersection of the gate wiring 124 and the data wiring 125.
- the thin film transistor is connected to the pixel electrode 121 as a switch element that supplies a display signal to the pixel electrode 121, and drives the pixel electrode 121.
- a common line 129 is provided in parallel with the gate wiring 124.
- the common line 129 is connected to the common electrode 122 in order to supply a common signal to the common electrode 122.
- a preferred embodiment of the structure of the thin film transistor is, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, a gate electrode 111 formed on the surface of the first substrate 12, the gate electrode 111 covering the substantially entire surface of the first substrate 12.
- a gate insulating layer 112 provided so as to cover, a semiconductor layer 113 formed on the surface of the gate insulating layer 112 so as to face the gate electrode 111, and a protection provided so as to cover part of the surface of the semiconductor layer 113
- a drain electrode 116 provided to cover the layer 114, one side edge of the protective layer 114 and the semiconductor layer 113, and to be in contact with the gate insulating layer 112 formed on the surface of the first substrate 12; 114 and the other side edge of the semiconductor layer 113 and a source electrode 117 provided so as to be in contact with the gate insulating layer 112 formed on the surface of the first substrate 12; It has an insulating protective layer 118 provided so as to cover the in-electrode 116 and the source electrode 117, a.
- Amorphous silicon, polycrystalline polysilicon, or the like can be used for the semiconductor layer 113.
- a transparent semiconductor film such as ZnO, IGZO (In—Ga—Zn—O), or ITO is used, light caused by light absorption can be used. This is also preferable from the viewpoint of suppressing the harmful effects of carriers and increasing the aperture ratio of the element.
- an ohmic contact layer 115 may be provided between the semiconductor layer 113 and the drain electrode 116 or the source electrode 117 for the purpose of reducing the width and height of the Schottky barrier.
- a material in which an impurity such as phosphorus such as n-type amorphous silicon or n-type polycrystalline polysilicon is added at a high concentration can be used.
- the gate wiring 126, the data wiring 125, and the common line 129 are preferably made of metal, more preferably Al, Cu, Au, Ag, Cr, Ta, Ti, Mo, W, Ni, or an alloy thereof. Or an alloy thereof is particularly preferable.
- the insulating protective layer 118 is a layer having an insulating function, and is formed of silicon nitride, silicon dioxide, silicon oxynitride film, or the like.
- the common electrode 122 is a flat electrode formed on substantially the entire surface of the gate insulating layer 112 (ie, the first substrate 12), while the pixel electrode 121 is the common electrode 122.
- This is a comb-shaped electrode formed on the insulating protective layer 118 covering the substrate. That is, the common electrode 122 is disposed closer to the first substrate 12 than the pixel electrode 121, and these electrodes are disposed so as to overlap each other via the insulating protective layer 118.
- the pixel electrode 121 and the common electrode 122 are formed of a transparent conductive material such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), IZTO (Indium Zinc Tin Oxide), and the like. Since the pixel electrode 121 and the common electrode 122 are formed of a transparent conductive material, the area opened by the unit pixel area is increased, and the aperture ratio and the transmittance are increased.
- an inter-electrode distance (minimum separation distance) R between the pixel electrode 121 and the common electrode 122 is set to be equal to that of the first substrate 12 and the second electrode.
- the distance between the substrates 17 is smaller than the inter-substrate distance G.
- the interelectrode distance R represents the distance between the electrodes in a direction parallel to the surface of the substrate.
- FIG. 7 shows an example in which the inter-electrode distance R is 0 because the flat common electrode 122 and the comb-shaped pixel electrode 121 overlap each other, and the inter-electrode distance (minimum separation distance) R is the first substrate.
- the distance between the substrates 12 and the second substrate 17 is smaller than the inter-substrate distance (that is, the cell gap) G, a fringe electric field E is formed. Therefore, in the FFS liquid crystal display element, a horizontal electric field formed in a direction perpendicular to a line forming the comb shape of the pixel electrode 121 and a parabolic electric field can be used.
- the electrode width l of the comb-shaped portion of the pixel electrode 121 and the gap m of the comb-shaped portion of the pixel electrode 121 are preferably formed to such a width that all the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 15 can be driven by the generated electric field. .
- the interelectrode distance (minimum separation distance) R between the pixel electrode 121 and the common electrode 122 can be adjusted as the (average) film thickness of the gate insulating layer 112. Further, unlike the liquid crystal display element of the present invention, the interelectrode distance (minimum separation distance) R between the pixel electrode 121 and the common electrode 122 is different between the first substrate 12 and the second substrate 17, unlike FIG. 7. May be formed to be larger than the inter-substrate distance G (corresponding to the IPS type).
- Such a liquid crystal display element has, for example, a configuration in which comb-like pixel electrodes and comb-like common electrodes are alternately provided in substantially the same plane.
- the liquid crystal display element of the present invention is preferably an FFS type liquid crystal display element using a fringe electric field, and the shortest separation distance between the adjacent common electrode 122 and the pixel electrode 121 is the alignment films 14 (inter-substrate distance).
- the distance is shorter than the shortest separation distance, a fringe electric field is formed between the common electrode and the pixel electrode, and the horizontal and vertical alignments of the liquid crystal molecules can be efficiently used.
- the FFS type liquid crystal display element of the present invention when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal molecules arranged so that the major axis direction is parallel to the alignment direction of the alignment film, the pixel electrode 121 and the common electrode 122 are interposed.
- parabolic electric field lines are formed up to the top of the pixel electrode 121 and the common electrode 122, and are arranged perpendicular to the electric field in which the major axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 15 is formed. Therefore, liquid crystal molecules can be driven even with low dielectric anisotropy.
- the color filter 16 preferably forms a black matrix (not shown) in a portion corresponding to the thin film transistor and the storage capacitor 123 from the viewpoint of preventing light leakage.
- the color filter 16 is usually formed by three filters of R (red), G (green), and B (blue), and constitutes one dot of an image or an image. For example, these three filters are gate wirings. It is lined up in the extending direction.
- the color filter 16 can be produced by, for example, a pigment dispersion method, a printing method, an electrodeposition method, or a dyeing method. For example, a method for producing a color filter by a pigment dispersion method will be described.
- a curable coloring composition for a color filter is applied on a transparent substrate, subjected to a patterning treatment, and cured by heating or light irradiation. By performing this process for each of the three colors red, green, and blue, a pixel portion for a color filter can be produced.
- a so-called color filter on array in which pixel electrodes provided with active elements such as TFTs and thin film diodes are installed on the substrate may be employed.
- a pair of alignment films 14 that are in direct contact with the liquid crystal composition constituting the liquid crystal layer 15 and induce homogeneous alignment are provided.
- the polarizing plate 11 and the polarizing plate 18 can be adjusted so that the viewing angle and the contrast are good by adjusting the polarization axis of each polarizing plate, and the transmission axes operate in the normally black mode. It is preferable to have a perpendicular transmission axis. In particular, it is preferable that one of the polarizing plate 11 and the polarizing plate 18 is disposed so as to have a transmission axis parallel to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules. Further, it is preferable to adjust the product of the refractive index anisotropy of the liquid crystal and the cell gap so that the contrast is maximized. Further, a retardation film for widening the viewing angle may be used.
- the shortest separation distance between the adjacent common electrode and the pixel electrode is longer than the shortest separation distance between the liquid crystal alignment films,
- the shortest separation distance between the adjacent common electrode and the pixel electrode is And those having a structure that is longer than the shortest separation distance between the liquid crystal alignment films.
- the liquid crystal display element of the present invention for example, after a film is formed on a substrate having an electrode layer and / or a surface of the substrate, a pair of substrates are separated and faced so that the film is inside, and then the liquid crystal It is preferable to manufacture by filling the composition between the substrates. In that case, it is preferable to adjust the space
- the spacer used for adjusting the distance between the substrates include columnar spacers made of glass particles, plastic particles, alumina particles, a photoresist material, and the like.
- the FFS type liquid crystal display elements described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7 are examples of the liquid crystal display elements of the present invention, and these liquid crystal display elements can be variously modified without departing from the technical idea of the present invention. It is possible to add.
- the liquid crystal display of the present invention is characterized by including the liquid crystal display element of the present invention described above, and can have the same configuration as a known liquid crystal display except that the liquid crystal display element of the present invention is provided.
- the liquid crystal display of the present invention can be used as a liquid crystal display in an image display device such as a liquid crystal television, a computer monitor, a mobile phone, an information terminal, or a game machine.
- Example 1 A liquid crystal composition having a dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) of ⁇ 3.39 was prepared, and a chiral compound was added thereto. Examples 1-1 to 1-9 and Comparative Example 1) were prepared. Note that the helical twisting power (HTP) of this chiral compound is 11.1 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 .
- K 22 and K 33 are determined by the above formula (1), and K 11 is separately determined. The value of ⁇ was obtained from equation (2). These values are shown in Table 1. Next, the light transmittance was simulated for each liquid crystal composition.
- the simulation was performed using simulation software “LCD master (two-dimensional)” manufactured by Shintech Co., Ltd.
- the behavior of the liquid crystal molecules (director) when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal panel (between electrodes) is calculated by the finite difference method (FDM), and the equilibrium state of the director under the voltage condition given by the static analysis is calculated.
- FDM finite difference method
- the equilibrium state of the director under the voltage condition given by the static analysis is calculated.
- the width of the pixel electrode is 3 ⁇ m
- the distance between the pixel electrodes is 4 ⁇ m
- the thickness of the insulating film between the pixel electrode and the common electrode is 400 nm
- the dielectric constant of the insulating film is 7.0
- the cell gap is The thickness was 2.8 ⁇ m.
- Table 1 shows the maximum value of the obtained light transmittance (maximum light transmittance).
- V 100 means the drive voltage set when the simulation is performed.
- FIG. 8 shows a graph plotting the maximum value of the light transmittance and the value of ⁇ at this time.
- the liquid crystal composition has a maximum transmittance of 26.68 to 28.61% within the range of ⁇ value of 0.182 to 0.346. It was confirmed that a smaller value indicates a higher transmittance. However, when the range of the driving voltage (V 100 ) is limited to the range of 5 to 6 V, the maximum transmittance is 27.30 to 28.28 within the range of ⁇ value of 0.208 to 0.293. It was confirmed to show a value of 32%. By using this liquid crystal composition, it can be determined that a liquid crystal display element having excellent display characteristics can be constructed within the allowable range of driving voltage.
- the response time was simulated. At this time, all the driving voltages were unified to 4.5 V, which was the same as when the light transmittance was simulated using the liquid crystal composition of Example 1-7.
- the obtained response time is shown in Table 2.
- “Tr” means the time for the light transmittance to change from 10% to 90%
- “Td” means the time for the light transmittance to change from 90% to 10%.
- a graph plotting the obtained response time and the value of ⁇ is shown in FIG.
- the liquid crystal composition has a response time of 31.6 to 37.2 ms when the value of ⁇ is in the range of 0.182 to 0.250.
- the present invention can be used for manufacturing a liquid crystal display excellent in display characteristics.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
液晶表示素子の代表的な表示方式としては、例えば、TN(ツイステッド・ネマチック)型、STN(スーパー・ツイステッド・ネマチック)型、ECB(電界効果複屈折)型等がある。また、TFT(薄膜トランジスタ)を用いたアクティブマトリクス型の液晶表示素子では、液晶分子を垂直配向させるVA型があり、液晶分子を水平配向させるIPS(インプレーンスイッチング)型やその一種であるFFS(フリンジフィールドスイッチング)型等がある。
これら液晶表示素子には、ネマチック液晶が使用されるが、素子の種類に応じて、誘電率異方性(Δε)が正又は負の液晶組成物が使用される。
する。
本発明の液晶表示素子は、誘電率異方性(Δε)が-1.5より小さい液晶組成物について、閾値電圧(Vth)、ベンドの弾性定数(K33)、真空の誘電率(ε0)、セルギャップ(d)及びらせんピッチ(P0)の測定値を使用して、下記式(1)により求めたツイストの弾性定数(K22)の値と、前記液晶組成物のスプレイの弾性定数(K11)及びベンドの弾性定数(K33)の測定値と、を使用して、下記式(2)により求めたΓの値が0.3以下である液晶組成物を使用したことを特徴とする。
本発明において使用する液晶組成物は、n型液晶組成物である。
前記セルの2枚の基板には、ガラス又はプラスチック等の柔軟性を有する透明な絶縁性材料からなるものを用いることができ、一方は、シリコン等の不透明な絶縁性材料からなるものであってもよい。透明電極を有する透明基板は、例えば、ガラス板等の透明基板上にインジウムスズオキシド(ITO)をスパッタリングすることにより得られる。
ここに示すセル2Cは、第1基板23及び第2基板24の一対の基板を備える。第1基板23の第2基板24に対向(相対)する面には、第2基板24に向かって第1電極231及び第1配向膜232がこの順に積層されている。また、第2基板24の第1基板23に対向(相対)する面には、第1基板23に向かって第2電極241及び第2配向膜242がこの順に積層されている。セル2Cは、第1基板23と第2基板24との間に、液晶組成物を挟持できるようになっている。そして、第1配向膜232及び第2配向膜242は、この挟持された液晶組成物の配向状態を制御する。
図1中、符号d3は、セル2Cにおけるセルギャップを表す。
セル2Cは、VA型の液晶表示素子で使用されるセルであり、本発明における弾性定数測定方法では、このようなセルが好適に使用できる。
すなわち、前記セルを用い、その中に測定対象の液晶組成物を封入して、電極間に液晶組成物を挟持し、電極間に任意の電圧を印加した状態で、液晶組成物が充填された前記セルの静電容量(C)を測定する。このとき、印加する電圧を変化させて、そのときの静電容量(C)をそれぞれ測定することで、電圧と静電容量(C)との関係を確認できるが、電圧を大きくしていく過程で、ほぼ又は完全に一定であった静電容量(C)が急激に大きくなるタイミングがある。このタイミングの電圧が閾値電圧(Vth)となる。閾値電圧(Vth)の測定方法は以上のとおりである。
このように、本発明においてK33を求める方法は、「特開平8-178883号公報」に記載の、2元連立方程式を解いてK33を求める方法とは全く相違し、前記文献に記載の方法で求める場合よりも、高精度にK33を求められる。
このように、本発明においてK22を求める方法は、「特開平8-178883号公報」に記載の、2元連立方程式を解いてK22を求める方法とは全く相違し、前記文献に記載の方法で求める場合よりも、高精度にK22を求められる。
このとき、d/P0の値が異なるようにするためには、d及びP0のいずれか一方を変化させればよいが、実施例で後述するように、P0を一定としてdを変化させて閾値電圧(Vth)を測定した場合よりも、dを一定としてP0を変化させて閾値電圧(Vth)を測定した場合の方が、関数の精度が高くなる。すなわち、dを一定としてP0を変化させて導出した関数から算出される閾値電圧(Vth)は、閾値電圧(Vth)の実測値との誤差が極めて小さい。したがって、上述の方法で閾値電圧(Vth)からK33を求めた後に、目的とする液晶組成物のK22を求めるときには、このK33を求めたときとdを同じとして、P0を変化させてK22を求めることにより、高精度にK22を求められる。
また、本発明において、「らせんピッチ(P0)が一定である」とは、らせんピッチ(P0)が互いに全く同じであるか、又はらせんピッチ(P0)の差が無視し得るほどに十分に小さいことを意味し、例えば、らせんピッチ(P0)の差が0~0.6μmであることを意味する。
なお、本発明において「セルギャップ(d)」とは、後述する方法で求められたものである。
セル中での基板の配置位置を変えるためには、例えば、セルとして、ピエゾ素子等を備えたアクチュエータが基板に設けられたものを用い、このアクチュエータを駆動することで、セル中において基板を移動させればよい。
静電容量(C0)は、液晶組成物が充填された前記セルを空気中に置いたときに、閾値電圧よりも十分に低い電圧を印加した場合の前記セルの静電容量である。ここで、「閾値電圧よりも十分に低い電圧」とは、例えば、閾値電圧に0.1を乗じた電圧(V)以上、閾値電圧に0.9を乗じた電圧(V)以下、程度の電圧である。周知のように、セルギャップ(d)は、静電容量(C0)、前記セル中の液晶組成物の比誘電率(ε∥)、真空の誘電率(ε0)、及び前記セルの電極面積(S)との間に、下記式で表される関係を有する。ここで、ε∥、ε0及びSは既知であるため、C0を測定することにより、セルギャップ(d)が求められる。
C0=ε∥・ε0・S/d
前記実測手段は、電極間に電圧を印加したときの静電容量を測定できる公知のものでよい。
前記電圧印加手段及び実測手段は、通常、セルと電気的に接続される。
比誘電率ε∥を測定する手段としては、例えば、垂直配向処理されたセルと、このセルと電気的に接続されたLCRメータと、を有するものが挙げられる。
比誘電率ε⊥を測定する手段としては、例えば、水平配向処理されたセルと、このセルと電気的に接続されたLCRメータと、を有するものが挙げられる。
誘電率異方性(Δε)を算出する手段は、例えば、入力された比誘電率ε∥及び比誘電率ε⊥の値に基づいて、式「Δε=|ε∥-ε⊥|」により、前記液晶組成物のΔεを算出するものであり、このようなものとして、例えば、コンピュータの演算装置等を用いることができる。なお、前記式(1)中のパラメータのうち、ε0は真空の誘電率を示している。
セルギャップ(d)を測定する手段としては、例えば、セルに光を入射させる光源と、干渉光の干渉縞のピッチを測定する測定器と、入力された干渉縞のピッチの測定値に基づいて、液晶組成物の屈折率の波長分散を考慮したセルギャップ(d)を算出する手段と、有するものも挙げられる。
また、セルギャップ(d)を測定する手段としては、例えば、セルの静電容量(C0)を測定する手段と、入力された液晶組成物の比誘電率(ε∥)、真空の誘電率(ε0)、セルの電極面積(S)、及びセルの静電容量(C0)の値に基づいて、式「C0=ε∥・ε0・S/d」によりセルギャップ(d)を算出する手段と、を有するものも挙げられる。
上述の、入力された干渉縞のピッチの測定値に基づいて、セルギャップ(d)を算出する手段と、入力された液晶組成物の比誘電率(ε∥)、真空の誘電率(ε0)、セルの電極面積(S)、及びセルの静電容量(C0)の値に基づいて、セルギャップ(d)を算出する手段としては、例えば、コンピュータの演算装置等を用いることができる。
例えば、電極間に高電圧(V)を印加した場合における、液晶組成物が充填されたセルの静電容量(C)から求められる。電極間に電圧を印加していない状態での液晶セルでは、液晶分子は垂直配向する。垂直配向した液晶分子の基板に対するダイレクタの傾き角(φ)を0とすれば、電極間に高電圧(V)を印加した場合、セルの厚さ方向の中央における液晶分子のダイレクタの傾き角(φm)がπ/2ラジアンに近似されることを考慮し、C∥を特に閾値電圧(Vth)よりも十分に低い電圧を印加したときの、液晶組成物が充填されたセルの静電容量とした場合、下記式(3)が成り立つことが知られている。ただし、式(3)中のa、γはそれぞれ下記式(31)、(33)で表され、式(31)中のκは、下記式(32)で表される。なお、ここで「閾値電圧よりも十分に低い電圧」とは、先に説明したとおりである。
前記キラル化合物は、公知のものでよく、例えば、不斉原子を有する化合物、軸不斉を有する化合物、面不斉を有する化合物、及びアトロプ異性体のいずれでもよいが、不斉原子を有する化合物又は軸不斉を有する化合物が好ましい。不斉原子を有する化合物において、不斉原子は不斉炭素原子であると、立体反転が起こりにくく好ましいが、ヘテロ原子が不斉原子となっていてもよい。不斉原子は鎖状構造の一部に導入されていても、環状構造の一部に導入されていてもよい。螺旋誘起力が強いことを特に要求される場合には、軸不斉を有する化合物が好ましい。
また、前記キラル化合物は重合性基を有するものでも、重合性基を有しないものでもよい。
前記キラル化合物は1種類を単独で用いてもよいし、2種類以上を併用してもよい。
CH2基が置換されているキラルなアルキル基としては、以下の式(Ra)~(Rk)が好ましい。
一般式(Rd)及び(Ri)におけるR5は、水素原子又はメチル基が好ましく、
一般式(Re)及び(Rj)におけるQは、メチレン基、イソプロピリデン基、シクロヘキシリデン基などの二価の炭化水素基が挙げられ、
一般式(Rk)におけるkは、0~5の整数であり、
より好ましくは、R3=C4H9、C6H13、C8H17などの炭素原子数4~8の直鎖状もしくは分岐鎖状のアルキル基が挙げられる。また、X3としては、F、CF3、CH3が好ましい。
中でも特に、CH2基が置換されているキラルなアルキル基としては、
n11及びm12が0のとき、m11は1、2又は3であるのが好ましく、n11が1のとき、m11及びm12は各々独立に1、2又は3であるのが好ましい。
中でも、一般式(Ch-I)で表される化合物は、下記式で表される化合物が好ましい。
Dが式(D2)を表す場合の一般式(Ch-I)で表される化合物は、具体的には以下の式(D2-1)~(D2-8)
Rkは、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、又はX71-(A71-Z71)-R71と同じ意味を表す。
また、一般式(IV-c1)及び(IV-c2)中、R61及びR62は、各々独立に、アルキル基、アルコキシル基もしくはハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよいフェニル基、シクロペンチル基、又はシクロヘキシル基を表す。
HTP=1/(P0×0.01c) ・・・(4)
キラル化合物のヘリカルツイスティングパワー(HTP)が前記下限値以上であることで、液晶組成物は、キラル化合物の含有量によって物性値が影響を受けることなく、十分なツイスト配向能が得られる。また、キラル化合物のヘリカルツイスティングパワー(HTP)が前記上限値以下であることで、液晶組成物は、キラル化合物の含有量が少なくても、十分なツイスト配向能が得られる。
本発明の液晶表示素子で使用する液晶組成物も、誘電率異方性(Δε)が-1.5より小さいn型液晶組成物であり、上述の液晶組成物の弾性定数測定方法及び弾性定数測定装置を利用して、設計を行ったものが好ましい。
本発明の液晶表示素子で使用する液晶組成物としては、例えば、上述の液晶組成物の弾性定数測定方法を適用するn型液晶組成物と同じものが挙げられる。
本発明の液晶表示素子で使用する液晶組成物は、前記弾性定数測定方法の適用対象であるn型液晶組成物が、さらに重合性化合物を含有したものでもよい。
従って、本発明の液晶表示素子で使用する液晶組成物において、前記Γの値は0.01以上であることが好ましく、0.05以上であることがより好ましく、0.1以上であることがさらに好ましく、0.2以上であることが特に好ましい。Γの値が前記下限値以上であることで、液晶表示素子の駆動電圧が大きく低下することなく、光の透過率がより向上する。
しかし、n型液晶組成物を駆動するときに、液晶分子は、そのセル中での存在箇所によって加えられる力の大きさ及び方向が異なり、さらに近傍に存在する液晶分子との間で及ぼし合う相互作用の大きさ及び方向も異なる。したがって、弾性定数(K11、K22、K33)のうち一部のものしか考慮しなかったり、誤差の大きい弾性定数(特にK22)を使用したりすると、液晶組成物の特性を精度よく推測することができず、この点で従来法は、不十分なものであった。
これに対して、本発明の液晶表示素子で使用する液晶組成物は、K22も含めて高精度な弾性定数に基づいて設計されており、推測される特性は高精度であり、設計精度が極めて高い。したがって、このような液晶組成物を使用した本発明の液晶表示素子も、設計精度が極めて高い。
以下、本発明の液晶表示素子の好ましい実施形態について、より具体的に説明する。
また、本発明の液晶表示素子としては、これ以外にも、図3若しくは4に示すセルを備えた、IPS(インプレーンスイッチング)型又はFFS(フリンジフィールドスイッチング)型の液晶表示素子が挙げられる。
本発明の液晶表示素子は、液晶組成物として、上述のものを有する点以外は、公知の液晶表示素子と同様の構成とすることができる。
まず、図3及び4に示すセルについて、詳細に説明する。
ここに示すセル2Aは、第1基板21及び第2基板22の一対の基板を備える。第1基板21の第2基板22に対向(相対)する面には、第1電極211A及び第2電極212Aが交互に配置されている。ここでは、第1電極211Aが+極、第2電極212Aが-極に相当する場合を示している。セル2Aは、第1基板21と第2基板22との間に、液晶組成物を挟持できるようになっている。
セル2Bにおいて、セルギャップd2、第1電極211Bの電極幅W2は、例えば、それぞれセル2Aにおけるd1、W1と同様とすることができる。セル2Bは、いわばセル2Aにおいて電極間距離L1を0(ゼロ)とするために、絶縁層213を介して第1電極211B及び第2電極212Bを積層した構造を有し、FFS型液晶表示素子で使用される電極構成を有する。
ここに示す液晶表示素子10は、第1偏光板11と、第1基板12と、薄膜トランジスタを含む電極層13と、配向膜14と、前記液晶組成物を含む液晶層15と、配向膜14と、カラーフィルター16と、第2基板17と、第2偏光板18と、が順次積層された構成である。
複数のゲート配線124と複数のデータ配線125とによって囲まれた領域により、液晶表示装置の単位画素が形成され、前記単位画素内には、画素電極121及び共通電極122が形成されている。ゲート配線124とデータ配線125との交差部の近傍には、ソース電極127、ドレイン電極126及びゲート電極128を含む薄膜トランジスタが設けられている。この薄膜トランジスタは、画素電極121に表示信号を供給するスイッチ素子として、画素電極121と連結しており、画素電極121を駆動する。また、ゲート配線124と並行して、共通ライン129が設けられている。この共通ライン129は、共通電極122に共通信号を供給するために、共通電極122と連結している。
さらに、ショットキー障壁の幅や高さを低減する目的で半導体層113とドレイン電極116又はソース電極117との間に、オーミック接触層115を設けてもよい。オーミック接触層115には、n型アモルファスシリコンやn型多結晶ポリシリコン等のリン等の不純物を高濃度に添加した材料を用いることができる。
電極層13及びカラーフィルター16上には、液晶層15を構成する前記液晶組成物と直接当接して、ホモジニアス配向を誘起する一対の配向膜14が設けられている。
また、偏光板11及び偏光板18は、各偏光板の偏光軸を調整して視野角やコントラストが良好となるように調整でき、それらの透過軸がノーマリブラックモードで作動するように、互いに直行する透過軸を有することが好ましい。特に、偏光板11及び偏光板18のいずれか一方は、液晶分子の配向方向と平行な透過軸を有するように配置することが好ましい。また、コントラストが最大になるように液晶の屈折率異方性とセルギャップとの積を調整することが好ましい。さらに、視野角を広げるための位相差フィルムを使用してもよい。
前記基板間の距離(得られる液晶層の平均厚さであり、被膜間の離間距離とも称する)は、1~100μmとなるように調整するのが好ましい。そして、前記被膜間の平均離間距離は、1.5~10μmであることが好ましい。
本発明において、基板間の距離を調整するために使用するスペーサーとしては、例えば、ガラス粒子、プラスチック粒子、アルミナ粒子、フォトレジスト材料等からなる柱状スペーサー等が挙げられる。
本発明の液晶ディスプレイは、上述の本発明の液晶表示素子を備えたことを特徴とし、本発明の液晶表示素子を備えた点以外は、公知の液晶ディスプレイと同様の構成とすることができる。
本発明の液晶ディスプレイは、例えば、液晶テレビ、コンピュータ用モニター、携帯電話機、情報端末機、ゲーム機等の画像表示装置における液晶ディスプレイとして使用できる。
誘電率異方性(Δε)が-3.39である液晶組成物を調製し、これにキラル化合物を添加して、このキラル化合物の濃度が異なる11種類の測定対象となる液晶組成物(実施例1-1~1-9、比較例1)を調製した。なお、このキラル化合物のヘリカルツイスティングパワー(HTP)は、11.1μm-1である。
次いで、図1に示す構成の液晶表示素子用セルを用いて、上述の説明どおりにこの液晶組成物について、前記式(1)によりK22及びK33を求め、別途K11を求めて、前記式(2)によりΓの値を求めた。これらの値を表1に示す。
次いで、液晶組成物ごとに光の透過率をシミュレーションした。シミュレーションは、シンテック株式会社製のシミュレーションソフトウェア「LCD master(二次元)」を使用して行った。このとき、液晶パネル(電極間)に電圧を印加した際の液晶分子(ダイレクタ)の挙動を有限差分法(FDM)によって計算し、静解析によって与えられた電圧条件下でのダイレクタの平衡状態を計算した。セルの条件については、画素電極の幅を3μm、画素電極の間隔を4μm、画素電極と共通電極との間の絶縁膜の厚さを400nm、絶縁膜の誘電率を7.0、セルギャップを2.8μmとした。得られた光の透過率の最大値(光の最大透過率)を表1に示す。なお、表1中、「V100」は、シミュレーションを行うときに設定した駆動電圧を意味する。また、このときの光の透過率の最大値とΓの値とをプロットしたグラフを図8に示す。
この液晶組成物を使用することにより、駆動電圧の許容される範囲内において、表示特性に優れた液晶表示素子を構成可能であると判断できる。
従って、液晶表示素子に要求される特性によってΓの値が制御された液晶組成物を使用することにより、表示特性に優れた液晶表示素子を構成可能であると判断できる。
10・・・液晶表示素子、12・・・第1の透明絶縁基板、121・・・画素電極、122・・・共通電極、124・・・ゲート配線、125・・・データ配線、14・・・配向膜、15・・・液晶層、17・・・第2の透明絶縁基板、R・・・電極間距離、G・・・基板間距離
Claims (4)
- 前記Γの値が0.01以上である液晶組成物を使用した請求項1に記載の液晶表示素子。
- 対向配置された第1の透明絶縁基板と第2の透明絶縁基板とを備え、
前記第1の透明絶縁基板と前記第2の透明絶縁基板との間に、前記液晶組成物を含有する液晶層を挟持し、
前記第1の透明絶縁基板上に、透明導電性材料からなる共通電極と、マトリクス状に配置された複数個のゲート配線及びデータ配線と、前記ゲート配線とデータ配線との交差部の近傍に設けられた薄膜トランジスタと、前記薄膜トランジスタにより駆動される、透明導電性材料からなる画素電極と、を各画素ごとに有し、
前記液晶層と前記第1の透明絶縁基板との間、及び前記液晶層と前記第2の透明絶縁基板との間のそれぞれに、ホモジニアス配向を誘起する配向膜を備え、前記配向膜の配向方向はいずれも前記第1の透明絶縁基板又は第2の透明絶縁基板の表面に対して略平行な方向であり、
前記画素電極と前記共通電極との間に電界を形成するために、前記画素電極と前記共通電極との間の電極間距離が、前記第1の透明絶縁基板と前記第2の透明絶縁基板との間の基板間距離より小さいか、又は前記共通電極が前記画素電極よりも前記第1の透明絶縁基板の近くに配置され、かつ前記共通電極が前記第1の透明絶縁基板上の略全面に設けられている、請求項1又は2に記載の液晶表示素子。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の液晶表示素子を備えたことを特徴とする液晶ディスプレイ。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201680045343.7A CN107850813B (zh) | 2015-10-22 | 2016-10-20 | 液晶显示元件及液晶显示器 |
KR1020187008653A KR20180073559A (ko) | 2015-10-22 | 2016-10-20 | 액정 표시 소자 및 액정 디스플레이 |
JP2017526721A JP6202233B2 (ja) | 2015-10-22 | 2016-10-20 | 液晶表示素子及び液晶ディスプレイ |
US15/765,790 US10301546B2 (en) | 2015-10-22 | 2016-10-20 | Liquid crystal display element and liquid crystal display |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015207881 | 2015-10-22 | ||
JP2015-207881 | 2015-10-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2017069187A1 true WO2017069187A1 (ja) | 2017-04-27 |
Family
ID=58557136
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2016/081065 WO2017069187A1 (ja) | 2015-10-22 | 2016-10-20 | 液晶表示素子及び液晶ディスプレイ |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10301546B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6202233B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20180073559A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN107850813B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI701477B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2017069187A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20180083850A (ko) * | 2015-11-19 | 2018-07-23 | 디아이씨 가부시끼가이샤 | 액정 조성물, 액정 표시 소자 및 액정 디스플레이 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08178883A (ja) * | 1994-12-26 | 1996-07-12 | Stanley Electric Co Ltd | 液晶の弾性定数及び誘電率異方性の測定方法 |
JP2000162574A (ja) * | 1998-09-25 | 2000-06-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 液晶表示素子、及び液晶表示装置 |
JP2007193324A (ja) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-08-02 | Nec Corp | 液晶表示装置及びそれを用いた端末装置 |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5477358A (en) * | 1993-06-21 | 1995-12-19 | Case Western Reserve University | Chiral nematic liquid crystal display with homeotropic alignment and negative dielectric anisotropy |
JP4556341B2 (ja) | 2001-03-30 | 2010-10-06 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 液晶表示装置および電子機器 |
DE60302973D1 (de) * | 2002-10-08 | 2006-02-02 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Flüssigkristallines Medium und Flüssigkristallanzeige |
JP4941801B2 (ja) | 2004-08-27 | 2012-05-30 | Dic株式会社 | トリフルオロナフタレン誘導体を含有する液晶組成物と表示素子及び液晶性化合物、その製造法と製造中間体 |
US7852445B2 (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2010-12-14 | Nec Corporation | Liquid crystal display device and terminal device that uses same |
CN101548223B (zh) * | 2006-08-03 | 2011-02-09 | 卡斯皮特有限责任公司 | 自补偿准垂直液晶器件 |
FR2920784B1 (fr) * | 2007-09-10 | 2010-12-10 | Aubert & Duval Sa | Acier inoxydable martensitique, procede de fabrication de pieces realisees en cet acier et pieces ainsi realisees |
TWI458813B (zh) | 2009-09-18 | 2014-11-01 | Jnc Corp | 液晶性化合物、液晶組成物以及液晶顯示元件 |
JP5636954B2 (ja) | 2010-12-27 | 2014-12-10 | Jnc株式会社 | 液晶組成物および液晶表示素子 |
JP6094855B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-27 | 2017-03-15 | Nltテクノロジー株式会社 | 液晶表示素子、画像表示装置、画像表示装置の駆動方法、携帯機器 |
US10191309B2 (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2019-01-29 | Instec, Inc. | Measurement techniques for liquid crystal parameters including twist elastic constant without light measurement |
-
2016
- 2016-10-19 TW TW105133627A patent/TWI701477B/zh active
- 2016-10-20 CN CN201680045343.7A patent/CN107850813B/zh active Active
- 2016-10-20 KR KR1020187008653A patent/KR20180073559A/ko unknown
- 2016-10-20 WO PCT/JP2016/081065 patent/WO2017069187A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2016-10-20 US US15/765,790 patent/US10301546B2/en active Active
- 2016-10-20 JP JP2017526721A patent/JP6202233B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08178883A (ja) * | 1994-12-26 | 1996-07-12 | Stanley Electric Co Ltd | 液晶の弾性定数及び誘電率異方性の測定方法 |
JP2000162574A (ja) * | 1998-09-25 | 2000-06-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 液晶表示素子、及び液晶表示装置 |
JP2007193324A (ja) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-08-02 | Nec Corp | 液晶表示装置及びそれを用いた端末装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN107850813A (zh) | 2018-03-27 |
JP6202233B2 (ja) | 2017-09-27 |
KR20180073559A (ko) | 2018-07-02 |
JPWO2017069187A1 (ja) | 2017-10-19 |
TWI701477B (zh) | 2020-08-11 |
US20180282626A1 (en) | 2018-10-04 |
TW201732383A (zh) | 2017-09-16 |
CN107850813B (zh) | 2021-05-11 |
US10301546B2 (en) | 2019-05-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US10613390B2 (en) | Liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method thereof | |
CN106030396B (zh) | 液晶显示元件 | |
WO2016017569A1 (ja) | 液晶表示素子 | |
JPWO2016017519A1 (ja) | 液晶表示素子 | |
KR20140072811A (ko) | 액정 표시 장치 및 이의 제조 방법 | |
JP6222407B2 (ja) | 液晶組成物、液晶表示素子及び液晶ディスプレイ | |
US20190203120A1 (en) | Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display device | |
WO2016017520A1 (ja) | 液晶表示素子 | |
KR101483575B1 (ko) | 액정 조성물 및 그것을 사용한 액정 표시 소자 | |
JP2018106162A (ja) | 液晶表示素子及び重合性液晶組成物 | |
WO2017026478A1 (ja) | 液晶表示素子 | |
JP6202233B2 (ja) | 液晶表示素子及び液晶ディスプレイ | |
CN107615155B (zh) | 液晶组合物及使用其的液晶显示元件 | |
JPWO2015056644A1 (ja) | 液晶表示素子 | |
US10007148B2 (en) | Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display comprising the same | |
KR20100067767A (ko) | 표시 패널 | |
WO2018105378A1 (ja) | 液晶組成物、液晶表示素子及び液晶ディスプレイ | |
WO2018105379A1 (ja) | 液晶組成物、液晶表示素子及び液晶ディスプレイ | |
CN111334311B (zh) | 液晶组合物和液晶显示元件 | |
JP7183697B2 (ja) | 垂直配向型液晶表示素子 | |
US20170210989A1 (en) | Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display element using the same | |
US20150109551A1 (en) | Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display apparatus having the same | |
JP6296321B1 (ja) | 組成物及び液晶表示素子 | |
JP2002357801A (ja) | アクティブマトリクス型液晶表示装置 | |
JP2017078686A (ja) | 液晶組成物の弾性定数測定装置、及び液晶組成物の弾性定数測定方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2017526721 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 16857500 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20187008653 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 15765790 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 16857500 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |