WO2016197295A1 - 多媒体业务的方法、处理装置及通信设备 - Google Patents

多媒体业务的方法、处理装置及通信设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016197295A1
WO2016197295A1 PCT/CN2015/080961 CN2015080961W WO2016197295A1 WO 2016197295 A1 WO2016197295 A1 WO 2016197295A1 CN 2015080961 W CN2015080961 W CN 2015080961W WO 2016197295 A1 WO2016197295 A1 WO 2016197295A1
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Prior art keywords
coding
media
type
multimedia service
base station
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PCT/CN2015/080961
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2016197295A8 (zh
Inventor
张屹
肖洁华
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2015/080961 priority Critical patent/WO2016197295A1/zh
Priority to CN201580072271.0A priority patent/CN107113338A/zh
Publication of WO2016197295A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016197295A1/zh
Publication of WO2016197295A8 publication Critical patent/WO2016197295A8/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/40—Support for services or applications

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method, a processing device, and a communication device for multimedia services.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • CS circuit switched
  • PS packet switched
  • LTE bearer voice (English: voice over LTE, VoLTE) is the mainstream of mobile broadband voice evolution. In the long run, this will bring two values to operators. One is to improve the utilization of wireless spectrum and reduce network costs. For voice services, the spectrum utilization efficiency of LTE is better than that of the traditional system, which can reach more than four times that of the global system for mobile communications (GSM). The second is to enhance the user experience. With the newly introduced voice codec technology, VoLTE can provide better voice quality.
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • G.711 data rate 64kbps
  • G.721 data rate 32kbps
  • GSM-FR data rate 13kbps
  • variable coding rate AMR-NB variable coding rate
  • AMR- WB variable coding rate WB
  • EVS EVS
  • G.711 and G.721 are voice codec technologies adopted by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).
  • GSM-FR is a speech codec technology used in GSM, sometimes referred to as FR (English full rate).
  • AMR-NB (English: adaptive multi rate-narrow band), also known as AMR, is a codec technology adopted by the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), which can be applied to third-generation mobile communication systems.
  • AMR solves the source and channel coding more intelligently
  • the problem of rate allocation of codes makes the configuration and utilization of wireless resources more flexible and efficient.
  • AMR supports eight rates: 12.2 kbps, 10.2 kbps, 7.95 kbps, 7.40 kbps, 6.70 kbps, 5.90 k kbps, 5.15 kbps, and 4.75 kbps.
  • it also includes a low rate (1.80 kbps) background noise coding mode.
  • AMR-WB (wide band) is an upgraded version of AMR with 9 encoding rates: 23.85 kbps, 23.05 kbps, 19.85 kbps, 18.25 kbps, 15.85 kbps, 14.25 kbps, 12.65 kbps, 8.85 kbps, 6.6 kbps.
  • EVS is an abbreviation of enhanced voice service (English: enhanced voice service), which is a codec technology designed for packet switched networks such as LTE.
  • VoLTE Using EVS in the current target application VoLTE enables full HD voice call quality, and call fidelity is comparable to all today's digital media.
  • the EVS's variable encoding rate ranges from 5.9 kbps to 128 kbps and supports 13 speech encoding rates.
  • Variable coding rate speech coding techniques can adjust the coding rate based on channel transmission conditions to provide better voice quality. In the case of high bit error rate, more bits are used for redundancy check; in the case of better transmission conditions, more bits are used to transmit voice. Therefore, in a wireless communication system, a speech coding technology using a variable coding rate is advantageous in providing high-quality voice services while efficiently utilizing radio resources.
  • adaptive adjustment of speech coding rate is typically implemented at the application layer.
  • the user equipment carries rate request information in the header information of the AMR voice frame, and the codec of the two communication parties (English: codec) can adjust the rate according to the rate request information. Therefore, the adaptive adjustment of the speech coding rate is transparent to the radio access network, which may cause the adaptively adjusted speech coding rate to not match or match the radio resource status, resulting in a call interruption or poor voice quality or resources. Use waste and other issues.
  • the explicit congestion notification (ECN) scheme can partially solve this problem.
  • the sender starts transmitting data from the lowest coding rate, and if the receiver does not feedback congestion, the sender can increase the coding rate. If the receiver feedback is congested, the sender can maintain or decrease the coding rate.
  • ECN capabilities are supported by (for example, media gateways), which requires high deployment of the network.
  • detecting whether each node supports the ECN capability during the initial session negotiation phase causes an initial delay to increase, which has a certain impact on the quality of service.
  • the present invention in conjunction with a specific embodiment, provides a method, a processing device, and a communication device suitable for a multimedia service, to solve one or more defects of the prior art indicated herein, and to improve the quality of service of the multimedia service, and/or , reduce network deployment requirements.
  • the multimedia service referred to in the embodiment of the present invention may be a multimedia telephony service, especially a voice or video service based on an internet protocol (IP), such as VoLTE.
  • IP internet protocol
  • a user equipment refers to a device that provides communication services directly to users, and is also called a terminal or a mobile station. Accordingly, other devices belonging to the carrier are often referred to as network devices.
  • the network device can be a core network device (such as MME, SGW, PGW and PCRF) or an IMS network element (such as P-CSCF).
  • a base station is a typical radio access network device, which may be a macro base station or a micro base station, which is sometimes also referred to as a small cell. For example, in LTE, the base station is an eNode B.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps: multimedia session negotiation, dedicated bearer establishment, media coding parameter transmission, and service quality monitoring.
  • the base station refers to the media coding parameters and can control the media coding type or media coding rate of the multimedia service by considering other factors (quality of service, radio resource conditions, UE capabilities, etc.).
  • the media coding parameters transmitted by the user equipment or the core network device to the base station include at least one of the media coding types, and may also include one or more of the following information: a current coding mode, an available media coding type, and a set of available coding modes. Coding rate adjustment limit, coding rate adjustment period, coding mode adjustment capability. And, as technology advances, new media encoding parameters can also be introduced.
  • the coding mode represents a coding rate
  • the current coding mode represents a media coding rate currently used by the user equipment, where the available coding mode set is supported by the media coding type.
  • the encoding rate adjustment limit indicates whether to limit to adjacent encoding mode adjustment.
  • the coding rate adjustment period is used to indicate the minimum time unit of the coding rate adjustment.
  • a processing device is provided, the processing device being applied to a base station.
  • the processing device may be one or more processors or chips in a BBU or BBU in the base station, or the base station itself.
  • the processing device includes: a control unit, and a receiving unit connected to the control unit;
  • the control unit is configured to control the base station to participate in establishing a dedicated bearer, where the dedicated bearer is used to carry a multimedia service of the user equipment;
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive media encoding parameters of the multimedia service that are sent by the user equipment or the core network device, where the media encoding parameter includes a media coding type, and the media coding type belongs to: a fixed rate coding type. Or, a variable rate coding type;
  • the control unit is further configured to control a media coding type or a media coding rate of the multimedia service.
  • control unit includes a first sending subunit, and the control unit is configured to control a media encoding type of the multimedia service, including:
  • the first sending subunit is configured to send an encoding type adjustment request to the user equipment or the core network device, where the encoding type adjustment request is used to request to adjust a media encoding type of the multimedia service.
  • control unit includes a second sending subunit, and the control unit is configured to control a media encoding rate of the multimedia service, including:
  • the second sending subunit is configured to send a coding rate adjustment request to the user equipment or the core network device when the media coding type belongs to a variable rate coding type, where the coding rate adjustment request is used to request adjustment Media encoding rate of the multimedia service.
  • control unit is further configured to:
  • a recommended coding mode when the media coding parameter includes a current coding mode and a set of available coding modes, and including the recommended coding mode in the coding rate adjustment request; and/or when the media coding parameter includes
  • the recommended coding type is determined, and the recommended coding type is included in the coding type adjustment request.
  • the recommended coding mode represents a coding rate recommended by the base station, and the recommended coding mode belongs to the available coding mode set and is different from the current coding mode.
  • the recommended coding type indicates a coding type recommended by the base station, that is, a media codec technology recommended by the base station.
  • control unit is further configured to: when the media coding parameter further includes a coding rate adjustment limit, The encoding rate adjustment limit determines the recommended encoding mode.
  • the coding rate adjustment limit indicates whether to limit to adjacent coding mode adjustment, and the recommended coding mode is an adjacent coding mode of the current coding mode.
  • control unit is further configured to: when the media encoding parameter is further When the coding rate adjustment period is included, the transmission period for controlling the coding rate adjustment request is greater than or equal to the coding rate adjustment period.
  • control unit is further configured to: carry the bearer in the MAC control unit The coding type adjustment request or the coding rate adjustment request; or, in the RRC message, carrying the coding type adjustment request or the coding rate adjustment request.
  • the processing device further includes: a transmitting unit connected to the unit; the transmitting unit is configured to be switched to the user equipment In another base station, some or all of the media coding parameters are transmitted to the other base station.
  • the processing apparatus is further configured to control the base station: start a timer Resending the coding rate adjustment if the response message of the user equipment or its peer entity is not received until the timer expires, or the media coding type or media coding rate of the multimedia service is not detected. Request or encoding type adjustment request.
  • the processing device can be one or more processors or chips in a user equipment or network device. In other possible cases, the processing device may also be a user equipment or a network device itself.
  • the network device may be a core network device (such as an MME, an SGW, a PGW, and a PCRF) or an IMS network element (such as a P-CSCF).
  • the processing device includes: a control unit, and a transmitting unit connected to the control unit;
  • the control unit is configured to control the user equipment or the network device to participate in a multimedia session negotiation to determine a media coding parameter for the multimedia service, and participate in establishing a dedicated bearer, where the dedicated bearer is used to carry the multimedia service;
  • the media encoding parameter includes a media encoding type, and the media encoding type belongs to: a fixed rate encoding type, or a variable rate encoding type;
  • the sending unit is configured to send a media coding parameter of the multimedia service to a base station, where the media coding parameter is used by the base station to control a media coding type or a media coding rate of the multimedia service.
  • the processing device further includes: a first receiving unit connected to the control unit;
  • the first receiving unit is configured to receive an encoding type adjustment request sent by the base station, where the control unit is further configured to control the user equipment or the network device: And determining, adjusting a media coding type of the multimedia service.
  • the processing device further includes: a second receiving unit connected to the control unit;
  • the second receiving unit is configured to receive a coding rate adjustment request sent by the base station, where the control unit is further configured to: control the user equipment or the network device: adjust the media of the multimedia service according to the coding rate adjustment request Coding rate.
  • control unit is further configured to use one of the following information or A plurality of are included in the media coding parameters, and are sent to the base station via the sending unit.
  • the information includes: current coding mode, available media coding type, available coding mode set, coding rate adjustment limit, coding rate adjustment period, and coding mode adjustment capability.
  • control unit is further configured to:
  • the media coding type of the multimedia service is adjusted according to the recommended coding type.
  • the recommended coding mode is used to indicate a coding rate recommended by the base station, and the recommended coding mode belongs to the available coding mode set and is different from the current coding mode.
  • control unit is further configured to control the user
  • the device in the MAC control unit, carries the media coding parameter of the multimedia service; or, in the RRC message, carries the media coding parameter of the multimedia service.
  • control unit is further configured to control the network Equipment:
  • a method for multimedia service where the method is applied to a base station, and the method includes:
  • the media coding parameter includes a media coding type, and the media coding type belongs to: a fixed rate coding type, or a variable rate coding type;
  • the controlling a media coding type of the multimedia service includes: sending an encoding type adjustment request to the user equipment or the core network device, The encoding type adjustment request is used to request to adjust a media encoding type of the multimedia service.
  • the media coding type is a variable rate coding type
  • the media coding rate of the multimedia service is controlled to:
  • the core network device sends a coding rate adjustment request, where the coding rate adjustment request is used to request to adjust a media coding rate of the multimedia service.
  • the method further includes:
  • Determining when the media encoding parameter includes a current encoding mode and a set of available encoding modes Determining an encoding mode and including the recommended encoding mode in the encoding rate adjustment request; and/or, when the media encoding parameter further includes an available encoding mode type, determining a recommended encoding type, and encoding the recommendation The type is included in the encoding type adjustment request.
  • the method further includes:
  • the recommended coding mode is determined based on the coding rate adjustment limit.
  • the method further includes:
  • the transmission period of the coding rate adjustment request is controlled to be greater than or equal to the coding rate adjustment period; wherein the coding rate adjustment period is used to indicate a minimum coding rate adjustment time unit.
  • the base station carries the coding type in a MAC control unit or an RRC message. Adjust the request or the encoding rate adjustment request.
  • the method further includes:
  • the media coding parameter of the multimedia service is carried in a MAC control unit or an RRC message.
  • a fourth aspect provides a method for a multimedia service, where the method is applied to a user equipment, where the method includes:
  • the media coding parameter includes a media coding type, and the media coding type belongs to: a fixed rate coding type, or a variable rate coding type;
  • the method further includes: receiving an encoding type adjustment request sent by the base station; and adjusting the multimedia service according to the encoding type adjustment request Media encoding type.
  • the method further includes: receiving a coding rate adjustment request sent by the base station; and adjusting the multimedia service according to the coding rate adjustment request Media encoding rate.
  • the method further includes:
  • the media coding parameter sent to the base station includes a current coding mode and a set of available coding modes; when the coding rate adjustment request includes a recommended coding mode, the media of the multimedia service is adjusted according to the recommended coding mode. Coding rate; and/or,
  • the media coding parameter sent to the base station includes an available coding mode type.
  • the coding rate adjustment request includes a recommended coding type
  • the media coding type of the multimedia service is adjusted according to the recommended coding type.
  • the method further includes: the media coding parameter sent to the base station further includes: a coding rate Adjust the limit.
  • the method further includes: sending the media to the base station
  • the coding parameters also include: a coding rate adjustment period.
  • the user equipment carries the media of the multimedia service in a MAC control unit or an RRC message Coding parameters.
  • a computer program product comprising computer program code, when the computer program code is executed by a processing unit or a processor, causing the processing unit or processor to control a base station to perform The method of any of the three aspects and various possible implementations thereof; or the processing unit or processor controlling the user equipment to perform any of the fourth aspect and various possible implementations thereof The method described.
  • a communication device is provided, where the communication device is a user equipment or a base station, and the communication device includes:
  • processor a processor, and a memory coupled to the processor
  • the memory stores instructions or code, and when the instructions or code are run in the processor, the communication device performs the method of any of the third aspect and various possible implementations thereof Or the communication device performs the method of any of the fourth aspect and various possible implementations thereof.
  • a seventh aspect there is also provided another communication device, the communication device being a user equipment or a base station, the user equipment being configured to perform any one of the third aspect and various possible implementations thereof Or the base station is configured to perform the method of any of the fourth aspect and various possible implementations thereof.
  • a communication system comprising:
  • processing device of any of the first aspect and any of its various possible implementations, the processing device being a base station; and/or
  • processing device of any of the first aspect, wherein the processing device is a user equipment.
  • a communication device as provided in the sixth aspect and/or a communication device as provided in the seventh aspect.
  • the base station can learn the media coding parameters negotiated by the two parties, and monitor the service quality of the multimedia service, which is beneficial to guarantee the service quality of the multimedia service.
  • the base station directly intervenes in the multimedia service, and can quickly improve the service quality of the multimedia service.
  • the effectiveness of the base station's intervention on the multimedia service can be improved, thereby further improving the service quality of the multimedia service.
  • the communication partner and each routing node do not need to support the ECN capability, which reduces the network deployment requirements.
  • it is not necessary to detect the ECN capability of each node in the initial session negotiation phase which is beneficial to reducing delay and improving multimedia services. service quality.
  • the coding rate adjustment request when the current coding mode and the available coding mode set are included in the media coding parameters obtained by the base station, the coding rate adjustment request includes a recommended coding mode.
  • the recommended coding mode belongs to the set of available coding modes and is different from the current coding mode.
  • the recommended coding mode is selected by the base station, and is recommended by the user equipment to reduce the effective delay of the rate adjustment, and also avoid unnecessary resource waste.
  • the media coding parameter further includes a coding rate adjustment limit
  • the recommended coding mode selected by the base station is a neighboring coding mode of the current coding mode, so as to increase the probability that the recommended coding mode is adopted by the user equipment, thereby further avoiding unnecessary Waste of resources.
  • the media coding parameter obtained by the base station further includes a coding rate adjustment period, and the transmission period of the control media coding rate adjustment request is greater than or equal to the coding rate adjustment period, and unnecessary resource waste can be further avoided.
  • the coding type adjustment request includes the recommended coding type.
  • the recommended coding type is selected by the base station, and is recommended by the user equipment to reduce the effective delay of the type adjustment, and also avoid unnecessary waste of resources.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic structural diagram of still another processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of still another processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terms “network” and “system” are sometimes interchangeable. Due to the reciprocity of encoding and decoding, the terms “encoding” and “decoding” are not strictly distinguished herein, and “encoding” is sometimes also understood to mean “decoding” or “codec.”
  • the term “and/or” is used to describe the association of associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and/or B may indicate that A exists separately, and A and B exist simultaneously, and B cases exist alone. The character “/” in this article generally indicates that the contextual object is an "or” relationship.
  • the qualifiers of “first” and “second” preceding the same noun or term are used only to indicate logical differences, and do not necessarily mean “first” and “second” qualified nouns or terms. There are differences in functionality or implementation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention, which illustrates a network architecture 100 supporting multimedia services, which may be transmitted based on an internet protocol (IP).
  • the network architecture 100 includes one or more user equipments (English: user equipment, UE), a radio access network (RAN) that provides wireless access functions for user equipments, and wireless
  • the core network connected to the access network English: core network, CN
  • the IP multimedia subsystem English: IP multimedia subsystem, IMS
  • a UE generally refers to a device that directly provides communication services to a user, and is also called a terminal (English: terminal), a mobile station (English: mobile station, MS), and the like. Accordingly, other devices belonging to the carrier are often referred to as network devices. Since a user often carries a UE with him and implements a wireless communication service through the UE, the multimedia service of the user is often referred to as a multimedia service of the user equipment, which is not strictly distinguished herein.
  • the UE may communicate with the radio access network via the uplink, and/or the downlink.
  • the uplink also referred to as the reverse link, refers to the communication link from the UE to the radio access network.
  • the downlink also referred to as the forward link, refers to the communication link from the radio access network to the UE.
  • the UE may be a mobile phone (English: mobile phone) or a cellular phone (English: cellular phone). Tablet computer (English: tablet computer), laptop computer (English: laptop computer), or other devices that support wireless communication functions, such as wearable devices, smart home devices, smart cars and other Internet of Things devices.
  • a radio access network consists of one or more radio access network devices.
  • a typical radio access network device is a base station (English: base station, BS).
  • the base station manages a set of radio resources to provide wireless communication coverage for a particular geographic area through integrated or external antenna devices.
  • the base station may be a macro base station (English: macro base station) or a micro base station (English: micro base station).
  • a micro base station is also called a small cell (English: small cell).
  • a cell is a basic unit that constitutes a radio access network.
  • Each cell has an identity certificate (English: identification), which is also called cell identity (Cell ID).
  • the cell identifier is broadcast by the base station, and a part of the UE located in the coverage area of the base station can receive the cell identifier, and thereby identify the cell.
  • the word cell contains two meanings, one is to characterize the radio resources that make up the cell, such as one or more carriers (English: carrier). The second is to characterize the coverage area of the cell, which is related to the geographical area in which the cell identity is broadcast.
  • a coverage area is often defined as an area in which wireless communication services are provided to the level required by the system.
  • a base station can manage one or more cells.
  • One UE can receive one or more cell identities simultaneously. Therefore, the UE usually performs cell selection according to certain criteria, and after selecting a suitable cell, attempts to access the cell to establish a connection with the radio access network. After the access is successful, the UE can camp on the cell and participate in various communication services, such as transmitting voice, video, text and other data. If the UE moves from the currently camped cell to another cell, the base station managing the cell may handover the UE to other cells to ensure communication continuity of the UE.
  • the base station may be a Node B (English: Node B, NB) in a universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), or may be a long term evolution (LTE) or advanced.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • Evolved Node B in LTE English: LTE-advanced, LTE-A
  • LTE-A evolutional Node B, The eNB or eNode B
  • LTE-A evolutional Node B
  • eNB evolutional Node B
  • eNode B evolutional Node B, The eNB or eNode B
  • the core network is responsible for the overall control of communication services, such as the establishment of bearers, security management and other functions.
  • the core network usually includes multiple core network devices, such as mobility management devices, gateway devices, and the like.
  • core network devices such as mobility management devices, gateway devices, and the like.
  • common core network devices include: mobility management entity (MME), service gateway (English: serving gateway, S-GW), packet data network gateway (English) :packet data network gateway, PDN-GW or P-GW), policy and charging rules function (PCRF).
  • IMS is a network architecture that provides multimedia services such as voice and video based on IP. It consists of multiple functional entities related to signaling and bearers. These functional entities are also called IMS network elements. Common functional entities are: call session control function (CSCF), including proxy CSCF (English: proxy CSCF, P-CSCF), query CSCF (English: interrogating CSCF, I-CSCF) and S -CSCF (English: serving CSCF, S-CSCF); media resource function (English: multimedia resource function, MRF), including MRF controller (English: controller) and MRF processor (English: processor); and application server (English) :application server, AS) and home subscriber server (English: home subscriber server, HSS).
  • CSCF call session control function
  • IMS tries to use Internet protocols and standards that are consistent with the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). For example, the IETF session initiation protocol (SIP) is adopted. Therefore, based on IMS, operators can effectively provide users with multimedia services based on Internet-based applications, services, and protocols.
  • IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method is applicable to multimedia services, especially voice or video services based on IP transmission, such as VoLTE.
  • the method can be applied in the network architecture shown in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the method includes the following steps:
  • the multimedia session negotiation includes: the user equipment performs a multimedia session negotiation with the peer entity to determine transmission configuration information of the multimedia service, where the transmission configuration information includes media coding parameters.
  • a dedicated bearer is established.
  • the dedicated bearer is used to carry the multimedia service.
  • the media coding parameter transmission includes: receiving, by the base station, a media coding parameter of the multimedia service sent by the user equipment or the core network device.
  • Step S22 and step S24 have no necessary sequential relationship in time; it may be S22 first, then S24; may be S24 first, then S22; or S22 and S24 may be simultaneously performed.
  • the quality of service monitoring is performed by the base station, and the base station controls the media coding type or the media coding rate of the multimedia service.
  • the method may further include the following steps:
  • the handover control includes: when the user equipment is switched to another base station, the base station sends some or all of the media coding parameters to the another base station.
  • the multimedia session negotiation (S20) may be performed with the peer entity (S20) to determine the transmission configuration information of the multimedia service.
  • the peer entity may be a functional entity in the IMS or another user equipment.
  • Transmission configuration information refers to the configuration information required to support multimedia service transmission.
  • the transmission configuration information includes media coding parameters.
  • Media coding parameters are parameters involved in the encoding and decoding of multimedia content such as voice, video, etc., and are not limited to the encoding process.
  • the user equipment can perform multimedia session negotiation based on the SIP protocol, and the determined transmission configuration information includes related information of the called user, voice codec mode, IP address, and the like.
  • the voice codec mode belongs to the media coding parameter.
  • the media coding parameter includes at least a media coding type, that is, a codec technology used by the multimedia service.
  • the media coding type media coding type is one of a fixed rate coding type or a variable rate coding type.
  • fixed rate coding types include: G.711, G.721, GSM-FR;
  • variable rate coding types include: AMR-NB, AMR-WB and EVS.
  • the codec technology is not limited thereto, and may be extended to other possible codec technologies.
  • the user equipment can also generally negotiate a set of available coding modes with the peer entity.
  • the coding mode indicates the coding rate, which can be either a direct mode, such as an encoding mode, or a specific coding rate value.
  • the indirect mode such as the coding mode, is a digital number, and different digital numbers indicate different coding rates.
  • the encoding mode may be a codec mode of AMR or AMR-WB.
  • the set of available coding modes is a subset of all coding modes supported by the variable rate coding type, ie some or all of the coding modes. It is not difficult to understand that even if both communication parties support multiple encoding rates, it is also possible to negotiate to use only part of the encoding rate due to capability limitations or preferences.
  • the system needs to be the data of the multimedia service in order to ensure the quality of service of the multimedia service (such as the voice or video service carried by the LTE).
  • the transmission establishes a dedicated bearer (English: dedicated bearer).
  • the user equipment also interacts with the base station to participate in establishing a bearer, in particular, a radio bearer between the user equipment and the base station.
  • the dedicated bearer After the establishment of the dedicated bearer is completed, the user equipment can start data transmission of the multimedia service. Therefore, both the user equipment and the base station participate in establishing a dedicated bearer, and the dedicated bearer is used to carry the multimedia service of the user equipment.
  • the user equipment further includes a step S24, configured to send the media coding parameter determined by the multimedia session negotiation to the base station.
  • the media coding parameter includes at least a media coding type, and may further include one or more of the following information: a current coding mode, an available media coding type, an available coding mode set, a coding rate adjustment limit, a coding rate adjustment period, and an encoding. Mode adjustment capability.
  • new media encoding parameters can also be introduced.
  • Table 1 is a schematic diagram of media coding parameters, which schematically shows one of the above media coding parameters. A possible implementation.
  • the current coding mode represents the media coding rate currently used by the user equipment.
  • the "current" here is determined for the user equipment by the user equipment before transmitting the current coding mode of the multimedia service to the base station.
  • the current coding mode may include a current uplink coding mode and a current downlink coding mode.
  • the uplink refers to the transmission direction of the user equipment to the base station, and the downlink direction is the transmission direction of the base station to the user equipment.
  • the media coding type can be used to indicate the codec technology supported by the user equipment.
  • the codec type supported by both the user equipment and the peer entity may be represented by a media coding type.
  • the encoding rate adjustment limit indicates whether or not the adjacent encoding mode adjustment is limited. For example, if the field is included, or if the field is a specific value (for example, 0 or 1), it indicates that the limit is adjusted.
  • the encoding mode can only be the adjacent encoding mode of the pre-coding mode. For example, assuming that the media coding type is AMR, the coding rates represented by the set of available coding modes are 12.2 kbps, 7.95 kbps, 5.90 kbps, and 4.75 kbps. If the current coding mode indicates a coding rate of 5.90 kbps, the adjusted coding rate can only be 4.75 kbps or 7.95 kbps, but not 12.2 kbps.
  • the coding rate adjustment period is used to indicate the minimum time unit of the coding rate adjustment, generally in units of speech frame (block) periods.
  • the coding rate can be adjusted once every 20 ms, or the coding rate can be adjusted every 40 ms.
  • the coding rate adjustment capability is used to indicate whether there is a capability to control the coding rate adjustment period, that is, whether to change the coding rate adjustment period.
  • the user equipment can directly transmit.
  • a field or message is defined separately to indicate the media encoding type.
  • the media encoding type can also be passed indirectly.
  • the media coding parameters of the multimedia service sent by the user equipment to the base station include the available coding mode set or the current coding mode
  • the base station can estimate the media coding type of the multimedia service, it is not necessary to additionally define a certain field or The message is used to indicate the type of media encoding.
  • the current coding mode reported by the user equipment indicates 4.75 kbps in the AMR
  • the media coding type is indirectly indicated as AMR.
  • step S24 there are various options for the transmission mode of the media coding parameters.
  • the foregoing multiple media coding parameters may be combined in one message or separately sent to the base station in multiple messages, not limited to user equipment, or may be sent by the core network device to the base station.
  • the user equipment and the core network device may also cooperate to separately or jointly transmit one or more of the foregoing media coding parameters to the base station.
  • the media coding parameters are transmitted by the user equipment to the base station, involving fewer nodes, low delay, small standard protocol changes, and easy commercial use; the media coding parameters are transmitted by the core network device to the base station without occupying valuable radio resources and user equipment. Resources.
  • the current coding mode may be transmitted to the base station along with other media coding parameters, or may be separately transmitted to the base station.
  • the current coding mode often changes over time, it is recommended that the user equipment directly transmit to the base station. Also, you can consider using periodic reporting methods.
  • other media coding parameters may be separately transmitted to the base station by the user equipment or the core network equipment.
  • the transmission time of media encoding parameters there are many options for the transmission time of media encoding parameters.
  • the media coding parameter of the multimedia service is sent to the base station, so that the base station can obtain the initial or updated media coding parameters in time.
  • the media coding parameter is transmitted by the user equipment to the base station, as an optional implementation manner, one or more of the following methods are adopted:
  • RRC radio resource control
  • MAC media access control
  • the media coding parameter is transmitted through the RRC message, and the reliability is better; and the media coding parameter is transmitted through the MAC CE, and the transmission delay is lower.
  • the related process may be added in the bearer management (such as bearer establishment, bearer modification, or bearer update).
  • bearer management such as bearer establishment, bearer modification, or bearer update.
  • the base station after receiving the media coding parameter, refers to the media coding parameter to monitor (supervisory control) the quality of service of the multimedia service.
  • the base station can adopt different monitoring strategies. Among them, “monitoring” can mean monitoring (English: monitor), or control (English: control), and can also indicate monitoring and control.
  • the quality of service of a multimedia service refers to a parameter used to measure the service level of the multimedia service.
  • the quality of service of the multimedia service is not specifically limited, and may include a quality of service (QoS) defined in the LTE protocol, such as a packet loss rate (English: packet loss rate). Delay (English: delay) and so on. And, as technology evolves, other parameters for measuring the service level of multimedia services may also be included.
  • QoS quality of service
  • the quality of service of multimedia services especially the Internet telephony service, there are other mature measurement and evaluation methods in the prior art, such as SQI (English: speech quality index) and VQI (English: voice quality indicator).
  • the QoS parameters such as the packet loss rate and the delay are applicable not only to the upper layer protocol such as the application layer, but also to the protocol layer supported by the wireless interface in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the protocol layer such as the application layer
  • the protocol layer supported by the wireless interface can define the packet loss rate and delay of this layer.
  • the underlying protocol changes faster than the high-level protocol, such as packet loss rate and delay, it can reflect the service quality of the multimedia service in a timely manner.
  • the base station can directly measure or receive the feedback of the UE, and more conveniently obtain parameters such as a packet loss rate and a delay defined by the protocol layers (PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP) supported by the radio interface.
  • the base station can monitor but not control the quality of service of the multimedia service.
  • the base station can record the quality of service, store or report the quality of service of the multimedia service to other network devices, and facilitate network optimization or other purposes.
  • the base station can not only monitor the quality of service of the multimedia service, but also intervene the multimedia service to directly control the quality of service of the multimedia service.
  • the base station can control the media coding rate of the multimedia service.
  • the base station The media coding type of the multimedia service can also be controlled, thereby indirectly implementing a media coding rate for controlling the multimedia service. It should be understood that these direct or indirect interventions for media encoding rates for multimedia services apply both to the upstream and to the downstream.
  • the base station directly intervenes in the multimedia service, and can quickly improve the service quality of the multimedia service. Moreover, since the base station is responsible for the management of the radio resources, the adaptive adjustment of the speech coding rate by the base station can be effectively matched with the radio resource status, thereby further improving the service quality of the multimedia service.
  • the base station can monitor the service quality of the multimedia service by self-measurement or receiving the report of the user equipment or other network equipment. Moreover, the base station may decide whether to intervene in the multimedia service, and/or the base station may decide which intervention to take, and the factors affecting the base station determining the result may include one or more of the following: the quality of service of the multimedia service, and the wireless resource situation. , UE capabilities, user categories, carrier strategies, etc. Specific parameters related to these factors, if necessary, can be measured by the base station or obtained from user equipment or other network equipment.
  • the radio resource situation may include: radio resources occupied by the multimedia service, available radio resources of the base station, and radio link quality.
  • the quality of the radio link can reflect the data rate supported by the radio link between the user equipment and the base station, and specifically includes a signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR), and a channel quality indicator (English: channel quality indicator) , CQI) and so on.
  • SINR signal to interference and noise ratio
  • CQI channel quality indicator
  • the UE capability refers to the device capability of the UE, such as the UE category defined in LTE, and may also include capability information (such as power margin) of other UEs.
  • the base station may consider to downgrade the media coding rate of the multimedia service.
  • the base station's available radio resources, radio link quality, or UE capabilities support a higher media coding rate
  • the base station may consider up-regulating the media coding rate of the multimedia service.
  • the user category is related to the user's subscription information and is used to reflect the user's service needs. For example, for important customers, it should provide better quality of service.
  • the operator policy refers to the carrier-level monitoring policy, which is usually related to the type of multimedia service and less related to a single multimedia service. For example, priority is given to the quality of service of the VoLTE service.
  • the base station may decide to intervene in the multimedia service; if the quality of the multimedia service is good, the base station may decide not to interfere with the multimedia service, or may decide to the multimedia service. Intervene.
  • the evaluation criteria of the quality of service of the multimedia service may be implemented in various ways, for example, by referring to existing mature methods (such as SQI or VQI) to measure the service quality of the multimedia service; or referring to the characteristics of the multimedia service, defining one or Multiple thresholds are used to distinguish the quality of service of multimedia services.
  • the radio resource situation in addition to the quality of service of the multimedia service, the radio resource situation, the UE configuration, the user category, and the operator policy may also be considered.
  • One or more factors as exemplified below. Taking these factors into consideration, we can further enhance the effectiveness of interventions to better improve the quality of service for multimedia services. It should be understood that these possible implementations are only examples and are intended to define the scope of the invention.
  • the media coding type acquired by the base station belongs to a variable rate coding type, and then consider that the media coding type acquired by the base station belongs to a fixed rate coding type.
  • the media coding type acquired by the base station belongs to a variable rate coding type.
  • the base station can control the media coding rate of the multimedia service, and can also control the media coding type of the multimedia service.
  • the media coding type acquired by the base station belongs to a fixed rate coding type. At this time, the base station can control the media coding type of the multimedia service, thereby indirectly controlling the media coding rate of the multimedia service.
  • the media coding rate can be lowered, the media coding rate can be adjusted, and the media coding rate can be maintained.
  • the base station determines to decrease the media coding rate when one or more of the following conditions are met.
  • the conditions include: the packet loss rate of the multimedia service is greater than a threshold, the packet delay of the multimedia service is greater than a threshold, the radio resource occupied by the multimedia service is greater than a threshold, and the quality of the radio link between the user equipment and the base station is lower than a threshold.
  • the base station determines to increase the media coding rate when one or more of the following conditions are met.
  • the conditions include: the packet loss rate of the multimedia service is less than a threshold, the packet delay of the multimedia service is less than a threshold, the radio resource occupied by the multimedia service is less than a threshold, the available radio resource of the base station is greater than a threshold, and the wireless chain between the user equipment and the base station The quality of the channel is greater than the threshold.
  • the UE capability (such as the power headroom) supports a higher media coding rate.
  • the user is an important customer, and the operator policy is to prioritize the quality of service of such multimedia services (such as VoLTE).
  • the base station may also maintain the media encoding rate of the multimedia service unchanged when part of the conditions for determining the media encoding rate is not satisfied.
  • the user is a normal user and the UE capability does not support a higher media encoding rate.
  • the foregoing various thresholds may be independent of each other, and are determined by the base station according to a standard protocol, or by reference to multimedia service characteristics, network running status, operator policy, user category, UE capability, and the like.
  • the base station can learn the media coding parameters negotiated by the two parties, and monitor the service quality of the multimedia service, which is beneficial to guarantee the service quality of the multimedia service.
  • the base station directly intervenes in the multimedia service, and can quickly improve the service quality of the multimedia service.
  • the effectiveness of the base station's intervention on the multimedia service can be improved, thereby further improving the service quality of the multimedia service.
  • there is no need for both parties and each The routing nodes support the ECN capability and reduce the network deployment requirements.
  • it is not necessary to detect the ECN capability of each node in the initial session negotiation phase which is beneficial to reducing the delay and improving the service quality of the multimedia service.
  • the base station can adopt different monitoring strategies and can adopt different intervention measures to further improve the service quality of the multimedia service.
  • different interventions There may be many possible implementations of the embodiments of the present invention for different interventions, which will be described in detail below.
  • the base station controls the media coding rate of the multimedia service, which may include:
  • the base station sends a coding rate adjustment request to the user equipment or the core network device; wherein the coding rate adjustment request is used to request to adjust a media coding rate of the multimedia telephony service.
  • the encoding rate adjustment request can be implemented by modifying an existing message (for example, newly defining one or more cells) or adding a new message.
  • the coding rate adjustment request may indicate a manner of adjusting the media coding rate, including an explicit indication or an implicit indication.
  • the media coding rate is adjusted by selecting a higher media coding rate, or selecting a lower media coding rate.
  • the coding rate adjustment request occurs, which may indicate a manner of adjusting a media coding rate by default.
  • the lower media encoding rate is selected by default.
  • the coding rate adjustment request may carry an explicit rate adjustment indication, and use the value of the rate adjustment indication to indicate a manner in which the media coding rate is adjusted. For example, 1 means that a lower media encoding rate is selected, and 0 means that a higher media encoding rate is selected.
  • the media coding parameter obtained by the base station when the media coding parameter obtained by the base station further includes at least one of a current coding mode and a set of available coding modes, the coding rate adjustment is required.
  • the request may also include a recommended coding mode. The recommended coding mode is selected by the base station and is recommended for user equipment adoption.
  • the recommended encoding mode should be different from the current encoding mode; if the media encoding parameter includes a set of available encoding modes, the recommended encoding mode should belong to the set of available encoding modes. If the media coding parameter further includes a coding rate adjustment limit, the base station should also adjust the restriction according to the coding rate when selecting the recommended coding mode, and the recommended coding mode should be the adjacent coding mode of the current coding mode.
  • the implementation here can be used as a preferred implementation manner to increase the probability that the recommended coding mode is adopted by the user equipment, and also avoid unnecessary waste of resources. In the specific implementation, there may be exceptions, which are not limited by the present invention.
  • the transmission period of the media coding rate adjustment request is usually greater than or equal to the coding rate adjustment period to avoid unnecessary resource waste.
  • the base station controls the media coding type of the multimedia service, which may include:
  • the base station sends an encoding type adjustment request to the user equipment or the core network device; wherein the encoding type adjustment request is used to request to adjust a media encoding type of the multimedia telephony service.
  • the encoding type adjustment request can be implemented by modifying an existing message (for example, newly defining one or more cells) or adding a new message.
  • the encoding type adjustment request may indicate a manner of adjusting the media encoding type, including an explicit indication or an implicit indication.
  • the media coding type is adjusted by selecting a codec technology that supports a higher media coding rate, or selecting a codec technology that supports a lower media coding rate.
  • the encoding type adjustment request occurs, and the adjustment manner of a media encoding type may be indicated by default.
  • codec technology that supports lower media encoding rates is selected by default.
  • the coding type adjustment request may carry an explicit type adjustment indication, and use the value of the type adjustment indication to indicate an adjustment manner of the media coding type. For example, 1 indicates that a codec technique that supports a lower media encoding rate is selected, and 0 indicates that a codec technology that supports a higher media encoding rate is selected.
  • the coding type adjustment request may include: a recommended coding type.
  • the recommended coding type is selected by the base station in the available media coding type, and is recommended for user equipment adoption.
  • the base station sends an encoding type adjustment request to the user equipment or the core network device, which is applicable to the case where the media coding type belongs to the fixed rate coding type, and the case where the media coding type belongs to the variable rate coding type.
  • the media coding type before the coding type adjustment that is, the current media coding type, may belong to a fixed rate coding type or a variable rate coding type.
  • the media coding type before the coding type adjustment is G.711, which belongs to the fixed rate coding type
  • the media coding type after the coding type adjustment is also generally a fixed rate coding type, such as G.721.
  • the encoding type adjusted media encoding type belongs to a variable rate encoding type, such as AMR.
  • the media coding type before the coding type adjustment is AMR-WB, which belongs to the variable rate coding type.
  • the media coding rate of the multimedia service can be directly adjusted.
  • the media coding rate of the multimedia service may be indirectly controlled by controlling the media coding type of the multimedia service.
  • AMR-WB has a coding rate ranging from 6.6 kbps to 23.85 kbps, and an encoding type adjusted media coding type is AMR, supporting 5.90 k kbps, 5.15 kbps, and 4.75 kbps rates lower than 6.6 kbps.
  • the media type of the code type adjustment is a fixed rate coding type, such as G.721.
  • the base station sends a coding rate adjustment to the user equipment.
  • the user equipment may directly receive the coding rate adjustment request or the coding type adjustment request.
  • the core network device such as the MME, the SGW, the PGW, the PCRF
  • the core network device may forward the coding rate adjustment request or the coding type adjustment request to the user equipment.
  • the peer entity may be a functional entity of the IMS (such as a CSCF functional entity) or another user equipment that is in talk to the user equipment.
  • the user equipment or the peer entity may refer to the coding rate adjustment request to adjust the media coding rate of the multimedia service.
  • the user equipment may refer to the coding rate adjustment request, select a new media coding rate, or adopt a recommended coding mode.
  • the user equipment may request its peer entity to adjust the media coding rate.
  • the user equipment may send an encoder mode request (CMR) to another user equipment that is in communication with the other user equipment, and request another device to adjust the media coding rate.
  • CMR is sometimes referred to as a change mode request (English: change mode request).
  • the user equipment or the peer entity may refer to the coding type adjustment request to adjust the media coding type of the multimedia service. For example, the user equipment re-negotiates the multimedia session with the peer entity to determine a new media coding type, or negotiates to use the recommended coding type.
  • the user equipment or the peer entity may also refer to other factors (such as capability information of the user equipment or peer entity, radio link quality, etc.) to determine whether it is necessary to adjust the media coding rate or the media coding type.
  • the user equipment or the peer entity may send a response message to the base station to notify the encoding rate adjustment request or the result of the encoding type adjustment request.
  • the peer entity may refer to the path for obtaining the coding rate adjustment request or the coding type adjustment request, and transmitting in the opposite direction.
  • the base station After the base station sends a coding rate adjustment request or a coding type adjustment request, it can be started.
  • the timer may resend the encoding rate adjustment request or the encoding type adjustment request if the response message has not been received until the timer expires, or the media encoding type or the media encoding rate of the multimedia service is not detected. Prevents failure of encoding rate or encoding type adjustment due to transmission failure.
  • the target to be resent may be the same as the target that was originally transmitted, or may be different from the target that was originally sent.
  • the target of the initial transmission is the user equipment
  • the target of the retransmission may be the user equipment or the core network equipment.
  • the specific transmission mode may refer to the foregoing user equipment (through the RRC message or the MAC CE). Or a method for transmitting media coding parameters to a base network device (through a bearer management related process) and a base station, and details are not described herein again.
  • the manner in which the base station sends the coding type adjustment request or the coding rate adjustment request and the manner in which the base station receives the media coding parameter are not required to be consistent, and may be combined in various combinations.
  • the base station may receive media coding parameters from the core network device and send a coding rate adjustment request or an encoding type adjustment request to the user equipment.
  • step S28 when the user equipment is handed over to another base station, the base station sends some or all of the media coding parameters to the other base station.
  • the foregoing handover may include intra-station handover, inter-station handover or cross-system handover.
  • To implement the specific implementation of the media encoding parameter consider adding one or more messages during the handover process; or modifying the defined message in the standard protocol, including: changing the original cell, or newly defining one or more One cell.
  • the base station before handover (referred to as a source base station) and the base station after handover (target base station) are both eNBs in LTE, it may be considered to modify a handover request message sent by the source base station to the target base station.
  • a source base station referred to as a source base station
  • target base station eNBs in LTE
  • add an IE or inherit an existing IE (such as E-RAB Level QoS IE) to transmit Part or all of the media encoding parameters are entered.
  • the other base station can timely receive the media coding parameters of the multimedia service in the handover process, and quickly monitor the service quality of the multimedia service.
  • the monitoring strategy and implementation manner of monitoring the quality of service of the multimedia service by the another base station may be the same as or different from the base station.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a processing device 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the processing device can be applied to a base station to cause the base station to perform some or all of the embodiments of the method as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the processing device can be a baseband unit (BBU) in the base station or one or more processors or chips in the BBU. In other possible cases, the processing device can also be the base station itself.
  • BBU baseband unit
  • the processing device 30 includes a receiving unit 301 and a control unit 302, which are connected to each other to implement information transmission.
  • the control unit is configured to control the base station to participate in establishing a dedicated bearer, where the dedicated bearer is used to carry the multimedia service of the user equipment;
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive media encoding parameters of the multimedia service sent by the user equipment or the core network device, where the media encoding parameter includes a media coding type, where the media coding type belongs to: a fixed rate coding type, or a variable rate Coding type;
  • the control unit is further configured to control a media coding type or a media coding rate of the multimedia service.
  • control unit 302 may include a first sending subunit 3021; at this time, the control unit is configured to control a media encoding type of the multimedia service.
  • the specific methods include:
  • the first sending subunit is configured to send an encoding type adjustment request to the user equipment or the core network device, where the encoding type adjustment request is used to request to adjust a media encoding type of the multimedia service.
  • control unit 302 can include a second sending subunit 3022.
  • control unit is configured to control media encoding of the multimedia service. Rate, specific methods include:
  • the second sending subunit is configured to send a coding rate adjustment request to the user equipment or the core network device, where the coding rate adjustment request is used to request to adjust a media coding rate of the multimedia service.
  • control unit is further configured to: when the media coding parameter includes a current coding mode and a set of available coding modes, determine a recommended coding mode, and include the recommended coding mode in the coding rate adjustment request. in. Further, the control unit is further configured to determine the recommended coding mode based on the coding rate adjustment limit when the media coding parameter further includes a coding rate adjustment limit. Optionally, the control unit is further configured to: when the media encoding parameter includes an available media encoding mode, determine a recommended encoding type, and include the recommended encoding type in the encoding type adjustment request.
  • control unit is further configured to: when the media coding parameter further includes a coding rate adjustment period, control a transmission period of the coding rate adjustment request to be greater than or equal to the coding rate adjustment period.
  • control unit is further configured to: carry the coding type adjustment request or the coding rate adjustment request in the MAC control unit; or, in the RRC message, The encoding type adjustment request or the encoding rate adjustment request is carried.
  • the processing device further includes: a sending unit 303 connected to the control unit 302.
  • the sending unit is configured to send some or all of the media coding parameters to the other base station when the user equipment is handed over to another base station.
  • control unit 302 is further configured to control the base station to start a timer, if the user equipment or the user equipment is not received until the timer expires The response message fed back by the peer entity, or the media coding type or media coding rate adjustment of the multimedia service is still not detected, and the coding rate adjustment request or the coding type adjustment request is resent.
  • control unit 302 can include the first transmitting subunit 3021 and the second transmitting subunit 3022 at the same time.
  • the processing device 30 can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both.
  • the control unit 302 may be its core processing module (such as a CPU), and other units (301, 3021, 3022, and 303) may be their input/output interface circuits or Foot or port.
  • the control unit 302 can be a processor or a controller, and other units (301, 3021, 3022, and 303) can be transmitters or receivers connected or integrated with the processor or controller. Or transceiver.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another processing device 40 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the processing device can be applied to a user equipment or a network device such that the user equipment or the network device performs some or all of the embodiments of the method as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the processing device can be one or more processors or chips in a user device or a network device.
  • the processing device can be a baseband processor or a baseband chip, or a processing chip or chipset integrated with a baseband processing function, such as a system on chip (SoC).
  • SoC system on chip
  • the processing device can also be a user equipment or a network device itself.
  • the network device may be a core network device (such as MME, SGW, PGW, and PCRF) or an IMS network element (such as a P-CSCF).
  • the processing device 40 includes a transmitting unit 401 and a control unit 402, which are connected to each other to implement information transmission.
  • the control unit is configured to control the user equipment or the network device: participate in the multimedia session negotiation to determine a media coding parameter for the multimedia service; participate in establishing a dedicated bearer, where the dedicated bearer is used to carry the multimedia service; wherein the media coding parameter Included in the media coding type, the media coding type belongs to: a fixed rate coding type, or a variable rate coding type;
  • the sending unit is configured to send a media coding parameter of the multimedia service to a base station, where the media coding parameter is used by the base station to control a media coding type or a media coding rate of the multimedia service.
  • control unit 402 is further configured to include one or more of the following information in the media coding parameter, and send the signal to the base station via the sending unit 401.
  • the information includes: current coding mode, available media coding type, available coding mode set, coding rate adjustment limit, coding rate adjustment period, and coding mode adjustment capability.
  • control unit 402 is further configured to control the user equipment: the media coding parameter of the multimedia service is carried in the MAC control unit; or the media coding parameter of the multimedia service is carried in the RRC message.
  • the processing device 40 further includes: a first receiving unit 4031 connected to the control unit 402.
  • the first receiving unit is configured to receive an encoding type adjustment request sent by the base station.
  • the control unit is further configured to control the user equipment or the network device: adjust a media coding type of the multimedia service according to the coding type adjustment request.
  • the processing device 40 further includes: a second receiving unit 4032 connected to the control unit 402.
  • the second receiving unit is configured to receive a coding rate adjustment request sent by the base station.
  • the control unit is further configured to control the user equipment or the network device to: adjust a media coding rate of the multimedia service according to the coding rate adjustment request.
  • control unit is further configured to control the user equipment:
  • the media coding rate of the multimedia service is adjusted according to the recommended coding mode; and/or,
  • the media coding type of the multimedia service is adjusted according to the recommended coding type.
  • control unit when the processing device 40 is applied to the network device, the control unit is further configured to control the network device:
  • the network device is a core network device (such as MME, SGW, PGW, and PCRF) or an IMS network element.
  • the core network device participates in the multimedia session negotiation and establishes a dedicated bearer, and is responsible for forwarding the message or signaling involved in the multimedia session negotiation and establishing the dedicated bearer to the IMS network element (such as the P-CSCF).
  • the IMS network element such as the P-CSCF.
  • the VoLTE service is taken as an example.
  • the typical routing sequence of the message or signaling is UE to RAN, RAN to MME, and MMM to SGW.
  • the routing direction is reversed, and need not be described.
  • the IMS network element After receiving the messages or signaling, the IMS network element passes the message to the peer entity of the user equipment.
  • the network device forwards the encoding type adjustment request to the peer entity of the user equipment, and/or may also refer to the routing sequence when encoding the rate adjustment request.
  • the processing device 40 can include the first receiving unit 4031 and the second receiving unit 4032 at the same time.
  • the processing device 40 can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both.
  • the control unit 402 can be its core processing module (such as a CPU), and other units (401, 4031 and 4032) can be its input and output interface circuit or pin or port.
  • the control unit 402 can be a processor or a controller, and other units (401, 4031 and 4032) can be transmitters connected or integrated with the processor or controller. Receiver or transceiver.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 50 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication device is a user equipment or a base station. As shown in FIG. 5, the communication device includes:
  • the communication device performs the method in the method shown in FIG.
  • the steps performed by the device or the base station, or the communication device implements the functions of the base station in the solution shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 3-A or FIG. 3-B, or the communication device is implemented as shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 4-A.
  • the communication device 50 may further include: a connection line 500, a transmitting circuit 503, a receiving circuit 504, an antenna 505, and an input/output (I/O) interface 506.
  • the processor controls the operation of the communication device 50, and the processor may also be referred to as a central processing unit (CPU).
  • the memory can include read only memory and random access memory and provides instructions and data to the processor. Part of the memory can also be packaged Non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM) is included.
  • NVRAM Non-volatile random access memory
  • the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit can be coupled to an antenna and wirelessly coupled to other communication devices.
  • the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit can also be integrated into one transceiver, and the antenna can be an antenna such as an RF antenna or a Bluetooth antenna that supports multiple frequencies.
  • the I/O interface provides the possibility to interact with other communication devices or users.
  • the I/O interface may be a common public radio interface (CPRI) interface, an Ethernet interface, a USB interface, or the like.
  • CPRI public radio interface
  • the I/O interface can be a screen, a keyboard, a microphone, a speaker, a USB interface, and the like.
  • the various components within the communication device can be coupled together by various connection lines (such as a bus system).
  • the bus system can include a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus in addition to the data bus.
  • various buses are collectively referred to herein as bus systems.
  • the above described embodiments of the present invention may be applied to a processor or implemented by a processor.
  • the processor may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities.
  • each step of the above method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor or an instruction in a form of software.
  • the above processor may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA off-the-shelf programmable gate array
  • the methods, steps, and logic blocks disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented or executed.
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by the hardware decoding processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the computer program product or computer readable storage medium contains computer program code that, when executed by a processing unit or processor, causes the processing unit or processor to control the base station or user equipment to operate as shown in FIG.
  • the computer program code which may also be referred to as a software module, may be located in a conventional computer readable storage medium, such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like.
  • the storage medium can be located in a memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and combines the hardware to perform the steps of the above method.
  • the size of the sequence of each method step or unit does not necessarily mean the order of execution order, and the actual order of execution should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not be addressed.
  • the implementation of the embodiments of the invention constitutes any limitation.
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, or an electrical, mechanical or other form of connection.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. You can choose which one according to your actual needs. Some or all of the units implement the objectives of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present invention contributes in essence or to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium.
  • a number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种多媒体业务的方法、处理装置及通信设备。该方法适用于多媒体业务，特别是基于IP传输的语音或者视频业务，如VoLTE等。该方法包括：多媒体会话协商，专用承载建立，媒体编码参数传输，服务质量监控。基站参考多媒体业务的媒体编码参数，并可考虑其他因素(服务质量，无线资源情况和UE能力等)，控制该多媒体业务的媒体编码类型或媒体编码速率。本发明实施例的技术方案，能够提升多媒体业务的服务质量，和/或，降低网络部署要求。

Description

多媒体业务的方法、处理装置及通信设备 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及多媒体业务的方法、处理装置及通信设备。
背景技术
随着网络的演进，长期演进(英文：long term evolution，LTE)***和先进的LTE(英文：LTE-advanced)***已经被越来越多的运营商部署。在此过程中，传统的基于电路交换(英文：circuit switched，CS)的语音业务，也将逐渐被基于分组交换(英文：packet switched,PS)的语音业务替代。
目前，LTE承载语音(英文：voice over LTE,VoLTE)是移动宽带语音演进的主流。长远来看，这将给运营商带来两方面的价值。其一是提升无线频谱利用率、降低网络成本。对于语音业务，LTE的频谱利用效率优于传统制式，可达到全球移动通信***(英文：global system for mobile communications,GSM)的4倍以上。其二是提升用户体验，借助于新引入的语音编解码技术，VoLTE能够提供更好的语音质量。
常见的语音编解码技术包括：固定编码速率的G.711(数据率64kbps)、G.721(数据率32kbps)、GSM-FR(数据率13kbps)；可变编码速率的AMR-NB、AMR-WB和EVS。G.711和G.721均为国际电信联盟(英文：international telecommunication union，ITU)采纳的语音编解码技术。GSM-FR是应用于GSM中的语音编解码技术，有时也简称为FR(英文full rate)。
AMR-NB(英文：adaptive multi rate-narrow band)也称为AMR，是标准化组织3GPP(英文：3rd Generation Partnership Project)采纳的编解码技术，可应用于第三代移动通信***。AMR更加智能地解决了信源和信道编 码的速率分配问题，使得无线资源的配置和利用更加灵活和高效。AMR支持八种速率：12.2kbps、10.2kbps、7.95kbps、7.40kbps、6.70kbps、5.90k kbps、5.15kbps和4.75kbps，此外，它还包括低速率(1.80kbps)的背景噪声编码模式。AMR-WB(wide band)是AMR的升级版，它具有9种编码速率，分别是：23.85kbps、23.05kbps、19.85kbps、18.25kbps、15.85kbps、14.25kbps、12.65kbps、8.85kbps、6.6kbps。
EVS是增强型语音服务(英文：enhanced voice service)的缩写，是专为分组交换网络(如LTE)设计的编解码技术。在当前的目标应用VoLTE中使用EVS，可实现全高清语音通话质量，通话保真度可媲美当今所有数字媒体。EVS的可变编码速率范围为5.9kbps至128kbps，支持13种语音编码速率。
可变编码速率的语音编码技术可以根据信道传输状况调整编码速率，从而提供更好的话音质量。在高误码率情况下，更多的bit用来做冗余校验；在传输情况较好的情况下，更多的bit用来传送话音。因此，在无线通信***中，采用可变编码速率的语音编码技术，有利于在有效利用无线资源的同时，提供高质量的语音业务。
在LTE***中，语音编码速率的自适应调整通常在应用层实现。例如，用户设备在AMR语音帧的头信息中，携带速率请求信息，通信双方的编解码器(英文：codec)可以根据该速率请求信息调整速率。因此，语音编码速率的自适应调整对于无线接入网是透明的，这可能会导致自适应调整后的语音编码速率与无线资源状况不匹配或匹配不及时，造成通话中断或语音质量差或资源利用浪费等问题。
明确拥塞通告(英文：explicit congestion notification,ECN)方案能够部分解决这一问题。在ECN方案中，发送方从最低的编码速率开始发送数据，若接收方未反馈拥塞，则发送方可上调编码速率。若接收方反馈拥塞，则发送方可维持或下调编码速率。但是，由于要求通话双方及各路由节点 (例如媒体网关)均支持ECN能力，该方案对网络的部署要求较高。并且，在初始会话协商阶段检测各节点是否支持ECN能力，会导致初始延迟增大，对服务质量有一定影响。
发明内容
本发明结合具体实施例，提供了适用于多媒体业务的方法、处理装置及通信设备，以解决本文中指出的现有技术的一个或多个缺陷，有利于提升多媒体业务的服务质量，和/或，降低网络部署要求。
本发明实施例中所指的多媒体业务可以是多媒体电话业务(multimedia telephony service)，特别是基于互联网协议(internet protocol,IP)的语音或者视频业务，如VoLTE等。用户设备是指直接为用户提供通信服务的设备，也被称为终端或移动台等。相应地，属于运营商的其他设备，通常会被称为网络设备。网络设备可以为核心网络设备(如MME，SGW，PGW和PCRF)或IMS网元(如P-CSCF)。基站为一种典型的无线接入网络设备，可以是宏基站，也可以是微基站，微基站有时也被称为小小区。例如，在LTE中基站为eNode B。
本发明实施例中提供的方法可包括以下步骤：多媒体会话协商，专用承载建立，媒体编码参数传输，服务质量监控。基站参考媒体编码参数，并可考虑其他因素(服务质量，无线资源情况和UE能力等)，控制多媒体业务的媒体编码类型或媒体编码速率。通常，由用户设备或核心网络设备传递给基站的媒体编码参数，至少包括媒体编码类型，还可以包括以下信息中的一种或多种：当前编码模式，可用媒体编码类型，可用编码模式集合，编码速率调整限制，编码速率调整周期，编码模式调整能力。并且，随着技术的发展，还可以引入新的媒体编码参数。
其中，编码模式表示编码速率，所述当前编码模式表示用户设备当前使用的媒体编码速率，所述可用编码模式集合为所述媒体编码类型支持的 全部编码模式的子集。所述编码速率调整限制表示是否限制为相邻编码模式调整。所述编码速率调整周期用于表示编码速率调整的最小时间单位。
第一方面，提供了一种处理装置，所述处理装置应用于基站。
所述处理装置可以为基站中的BBU或BBU中的一个或多个处理器或芯片，或者为基站本身。
所述处理装置包括：控制单元，以及与所述控制单元连接的接收单元；
所述控制单元用于控制所述基站参与建立专用承载，所述专用承载用于承载用户设备的多媒体业务；
所述接收单元用于接收所述用户设备或核心网络设备发送的所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数；其中，所述媒体编码参数包括媒体编码类型，所述媒体编码类型属于：固定速率编码类型，或者，可变速率编码类型；
所述控制单元还用于控制所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型或媒体编码速率。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制单元包括第一发送子单元；所述控制单元用于控制所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型，包括：
所述第一发送子单元用于向所述用户设备或所述核心网络设备发送编码类型调整请求，所述编码类型调整请求用于请求调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述控制单元包括第二发送子单元；所述控制单元用于控制所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率，包括：
所述第二发送子单元用于当所述媒体编码类型属于可变速率编码类型时，向所述用户设备或所述核心网络设备发送编码速率调整请求，所述编码速率调整请求用于请求调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。
结合第一方面的第一种或第二种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述控制单元还用于：
当所述媒体编码参数包括当前编码模式和可用编码模式集合时，确定推荐编码模式，并将所述推荐编码模式包含在所述编码速率调整请求中；和/或，当所述媒体编码参数包括可用媒体编码方式时，确定推荐编码类型，并将所述推荐编码类型包含在所述编码类型调整请求中。其中，所述推荐编码模式表示所述基站推荐的编码速率，所述推荐编码模式属于所述可用编码模式集合，且不同于所述当前编码模式。其中，所述推荐编码类型表示所述基站推荐的编码类型，即基站建议的媒体编解码技术。
结合第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述控制单元还用于：所述媒体编码参数还包括编码速率调整限制时，基于所述编码速率调整限制确定所述推荐编码模式。其中，所述编码速率调整限制表示是否限制为相邻编码模式调整，所述推荐编码模式为所述当前编码模式的相邻编码模式。
结合第一方面的第二种至第四种中任意一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述控制单元还用于：当所述媒体编码参数还包括编码速率调整周期时，控制所述编码速率调整请求的发送周期大于或等于所述编码速率调整周期。
结合第一方面的第一种至第五种中任意一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述控制单元还用于：在MAC控制单元中，承载所述编码类型调整请求或所述编码速率调整请求；或者，在RRC消息中，承载所述编码类型调整请求或所述编码速率调整请求。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种至第六种中任意一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述处理装置还包括：与所述控制单元连接的发送单元；所述发送单元用于在所述用户设备被切换至 另一基站时，向所述另一基站发送所述媒体编码参数中的部分或全部。
结合第一方面的第一种至第七种中任意一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，所述处理装置还用于控制所述基站：启动定时器，如果直到定时器超时，仍未接收到用户设备或其对等实体反馈的响应消息，或仍未检测到所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型或媒体编码速率的调整，重新发送所述编码速率调整请求或编码类型调整请求。
第二方面，还提供了另一种处理装置，所述处理装置应用于用户设备或网络设备。
所述处理装置可以为用户设备或网络设备中的一个或多个处理器或芯片。在其他可能情况下，所述处理装置也可以为用户设备或网络设备本身。其中，所述网络设备可以为核心网络设备(如MME，SGW，PGW和PCRF)或IMS网元(如P-CSCF)。
所述处理装置包括：控制单元，以及与所述控制单元连接的发送单元；
所述控制单元用于控制所述用户设备或网络设备：参与多媒体会话协商，以确定用于多媒体业务的媒体编码参数；参与建立专用承载，所述专用承载用于承载所述多媒体业务；其中，所述媒体编码参数包括媒体编码类型，所述媒体编码类型属于：固定速率编码类型，或者，可变速率编码类型；
所述发送单元用于向基站发送所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数，其中，所述媒体编码参数被所述基站用于控制所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型或媒体编码速率。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理装置还包括：与所述控制单元连接的第一接收单元；
所述第一接收单元用于接收所述基站发送的编码类型调整请求，所述控制单元还用于控制所述用户设备或网络设备：根据所述编码类型调整请 求，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述处理装置还包括：与所述控制单元连接的第二接收单元；
所述第二接收单元用于接收所述基站发送的编码速率调整请求，所述控制单元还用于控制所述用户设备或网络设备：根据所述编码速率调整请求，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。
结合第二方面或第二方面的第一种或第二种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述控制单元还用于将以下信息中的一种或多种包含在媒体编码参数中，并经由所述发送单元发送给基站。这些信息包括：当前编码模式，可用媒体编码类型，可用编码模式集合，编码速率调整限制，编码速率调整周期，编码模式调整能力。
结合第二方面的第一种至第三种中任意一种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述控制单元还用于控制所述用户设备：
当所述编码速率调整请求中包含推荐编码模式时，根据所述推荐编码模式，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率；和/或，
在所述编码类型请求中包含推荐编码类型时，根据所述推荐编码类型，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型。
其中，所述推荐编码模式用于表示所述基站推荐的编码速率，所述推荐编码模式属于所述可用编码模式集合，且不同于所述当前编码模式。
结合第二方面或第二方面的第一种至第四种中任意一种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述控制单元还用于控制所述用户设备：在MAC控制单元中，承载所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数；或者，在RRC消息中，承载所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数。
结合第二方面或第二方面的第一种至第三种中任意一种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述控制单元还用于控制所述网络设备：
向用户设备的对等实体转发所述编码类型调整请求，以使所述用户设备的对等实体根据所述编码类型调整请求，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型；和/或，
向用户设备的对等实体转发所述编码速率调整请求，以使所述用户设备的对等实体根据所述编码类速率调整请求，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。
第三方面，提供了一种多媒体业务的方法，所述方法应用于基站，所述方法包括：
参与建立专用承载，所述专用承载用于承载用户设备的多媒体业务；
接收所述用户设备或核心网络设备发送的所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数；
其中，所述媒体编码参数包括媒体编码类型，所述媒体编码类型属于：固定速率编码类型，或者，可变速率编码类型；
控制所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型或媒体编码速率。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型，包括：向所述用户设备或所述核心网络设备发送编码类型调整请求，所述编码类型调整请求用于请求调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述媒体编码类型属于可变速率编码类型，所述控制所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率，包括：向所述用户设备或所述核心网络设备发送编码速率调整请求，所述编码速率调整请求用于请求调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。
结合第三方面的第一种或第二种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
当所述媒体编码参数包括当前编码模式和可用编码模式集合时，确定 推荐编码模式，并将所述推荐编码模式包含在所述编码速率调整请求中；和/或，当所述媒体编码参数还包括可用编码模式类型时，确定推荐编码类型，并将所述推荐编码类型包含在所述编码类型调整请求中。
结合第三方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
当所述媒体编码参数还包括编码速率调整限制时，基于所述编码速率调整限制确定所述推荐编码模式。
结合第三方面的第一种至第三种中任意一种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
当所述媒体编码参数还包括编码速率调整周期时，控制所述编码速率调整请求的发送周期大于或等于所述编码速率调整周期；其中，所述编码速率调整周期用于表示编码速率调整的最小时间单位。
结合第三方面的第一种至第五种中任意一种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，基站在MAC控制单元或RRC消息中，承载所述编码类型调整请求或所述编码速率调整请求。
结合第三方面或第三方面的以上任意一种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
在所述用户设备被切换至另一基站时，向所述另一基站发送所述媒体编码参数中的部分或全部。
结合第三方面或第三方面的以上任意一种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数承载在MAC控制单元或RRC消息。
第四方面，提供了一种多媒体业务的方法，所述方法应用于用户设备，所述方法包括：
与对等实体进行多媒体会话协商，以确定用于多媒体业务的媒体编码 参数；
其中，所述媒体编码参数包括媒体编码类型，所述媒体编码类型属于：固定速率编码类型，或者，可变速率编码类型；
参与建立专用承载，所述专用承载用于承载所述多媒体业务；
向基站发送所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数，其中，所述媒体编码参数被所述基站用于控制所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型或媒体编码速率。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：接收所述基站发送的编码类型调整请求；根据所述编码类型调整请求，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：接收所述基站发送的编码速率调整请求；根据所述编码速率调整请求，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。
结合第四方面的第一种或第二种可能的实现方式中，在第四方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
向所述基站发送的所述媒体编码参数中包括当前编码模式和可用编码模式集合；当所述编码速率调整请求中包括推荐编码模式时，根据所述推荐编码模式，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率；和/或，
向所述基站发送的所述媒体编码参数中包括可用编码模式类型；当所述编码速率调整请求中包括推荐编码类型时，根据所述推荐编码类型，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型。
结合第四方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第四方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：向所述基站发送的所述媒体编码参数中还包括：编码速率调整限制。
结合第四方面的第二种至第四种中任意一个可能的实现方式中，在第四方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：向所述基站发送的所述媒体编码参数中还包括：编码速率调整周期。
结合第四方面或第四方面的以上任意一种可能的实现方式，在第四方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，用户设备在MAC控制单元或RRC消息中，承载所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数。
第五方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包含计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码被处理单元或处理器运行时，使得所述处理单元或处理器控制基站执行如第三方面及其各种可能的实现方式中任意一项所述的方法；或者，使得所述处理单元或处理器控制用户设备执行如第四方面及其各种可能的实现方式中任意一项所述的方法。
第六方面，提供了一种通信设备，所述通信设备为用户设备或基站，所述通信设备包括：
处理器，以及与所述处理器连接的存储器；
所述存储器中存储有指令或代码，当所述指令或代码在所述处理器中运行时，所述通信设备执行如第三方面及其各种可能的实现方式中任意一项所述的方法；或者，所述通信设备执行如第四方面及其各种可能的实现方式中任意一项所述的方法。
第七方面，还提供了另一种通信设备，所述通信设备为用户设备或基站，所述用户设备被配置用于执行如第三方面及其各种可能的实现方式中任意一项所述的方法；或者，所述基站被配置用于执行如第四方面及其各种可能的实现方式中任意一项所述的方法。
第八方面，提供了一种通信***，所述通信***包括：
如第一方面及其各种可能的实现方式中任意一项所述的处理装置，所述处理装置为基站；和/或，
如第一方面及其各种可能的实现方式中任意一项所述的处理装置，所述处理装置为用户设备。
第九方面，还提供了另一种通信***，所述通信***包括：
如第六方面提供的通信设备；和/或，如第七方面提供的通信设备。
因此，基于本发明实施例的技术方案，基站能够获知通信双方协商确定的媒体编码参数，并监控多媒体业务的服务质量，有利于保障多媒体业务的服务质量。与现有技术相比，由基站直接对多媒体业务进行干预，能够快速地提升多媒体业务的服务质量。并且，参考媒体编码参数，和/或，其他因素，能够提升基站对多媒体业务的干预措施的有效性，从而进一步提升多媒体业务的服务质量。此外，与ECN方案相比，无需通信双方和各路由节点都支持ECN能力，降低了网络部署要求；并且，无需在初始会话协商阶段检测各节点的ECN能力，有利于降低延迟，提升多媒体业务的服务质量。
在本发明实施例的多种可能实现方式中，当基站获得的媒体编码参数中包括当前编码模式和可用编码模式集合时，编码速率调整请求中包括推荐编码模式。所述推荐编码模式属于所述可用编码模式集合，且不同于所述当前编码模式。所述推荐编码模式由基站选择，建议用户设备采纳，用以降低速率调整的生效时延，同时也可避免不必要的资源浪费。
此外，如果所述媒体编码参数还包括编码速率调整限制，所述基站选择的推荐编码模式为当前编码模式的相邻编码模式，以增加推荐编码模式被用户设备采纳的几率，进一步避免不必要的资源浪费。此外，基站获得的媒体编码参数还包括编码速率调整周期，***体编码速率调整请求的发送周期大于或等于所述编码速率调整周期，也可进一步避免不必要的资源浪费。
类似地，当基站获得的媒体编码参数中包括可用媒体编码方式时，编码类型调整请求中包括推荐编码类型。所述推荐编码类型由基站选择，建议用户设备采纳，用以降低类型调整的生效时延，同时也避免不必要的资源浪费。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对本发明实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例的一种应用场景的示意图；
图2为本发明实施例的一种方法的流程示意图；
图3为本发明实施例的一种处理装置的结构示意图；
图3-A为本发明实施例的一种处理装置的另一种结构示意图；
图3-B为本发明实施例的一种处理装置的再一种结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例的另一种处理装置的结构示意图；
图4-A为本发明实施例的另一种处理装置的再一种结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例的一种通信设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案、及优点更加清楚明白，下面结合附图并举实施例，对本发明提供的技术方案进一步详细描述。显然，限于篇幅，仅能描述部分实施例，而非全部实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下，所获得的其他实施例，都应属于本发明保护的范围。
结合上下文语境，术语“网络”和“***”有时可以相互替换。由于编码和解码的互逆性，本文对术语“编码”和“解码”不作严格区分，“编码”有时也可理解为“解码”或“编解码”。术语“和/或”用于描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系。例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。本文中，针对相同名词或术语前的“第一”和“第二”的限定语，仅用于表示逻辑上的差异，并不必然表示“第一”和“第二”限定的名词或术语在功能上或实现上存在差异。
图1为本发明实施例的一种应用场景的示意图，其示出了一种支持多媒体业务的网络架构100，该多媒体业务可基于互联网协议(英文：internet protocol,IP)传输。如图所示，该网络架构100包括一个或多个用户设备(英文：user equipment,UE)，为用户设备提供无线接入功能的无线接入网(英文：radio access network,RAN)，与无线接入网连接的核心网(英文：core network,CN)，以及与核心网连接的IP多媒体子***(英文：IP multimedia subsystem,IMS)。出于简洁，图1中不能示出全部的网络实体。应理解，图1中没有示出的其他网络实体，也可以包含在该网络架构100中。
UE通常指直接为用户提供通信服务的设备，也被称为终端(英文：terminal)，移动台(英文：mobile station，MS)等。相应地，属于运营商的其他设备，通常会被称为网络设备。由于用户经常随身携带UE，并通过UE实现无线通信服务，用户的多媒体业务经常被称为用户设备的多媒体业务，本文对此不作严格区分。
UE可以经由上行链路，和/或，下行链路，与无线接入网进行通信。上行链路也被称为反向链路，指的是从UE到无线接入网的通信链路。下行链路也被称为前向链路，指的是从无线接入网到UE的通信链路。具体地，UE可以为移动电话(英文：mobile phone)或蜂窝电话(英文：cellular phone)， 平板电脑(英文：tablet computer)，膝上型电脑(英文：laptop computer)，或者是其他支持无线通信功能的设备，如可穿戴设备，智能家居设备，智能汽车等物联网设备。
无线接入网由一个或多个无线接入网络设备组成。典型的无线接入网络设备是基站(英文：base station，BS)。基站管理一组无线资源，通过集成或外接的天线设备，为特定地理区域提供无线通信覆盖。本发明实施例中，基站可以是宏基站(英文：macro base station)，也可以是微基站(英文：micro base station)。有时，微基站也被称为小小区(英文：small cell)。
功能上，小区(英文：cell)是组成无线接入网的基本单元。每个小区具有一个身份证明(英文：identification)，该身份证明也被称为小区标识(英文：cell identity，Cell ID)。小区标识由基站广播，位于该基站覆盖区域(英文：coverage area)内的部分UE可以接收到该小区标识，并由此识别该小区。通常，小区一词包含两层含义，一是表征组成该小区的无线资源，如一个或多个载波(英文：carrier)。二是表征该小区的覆盖区域，与该小区标识被广播的地理区域相关。在无线通信***中，覆盖区域常被定义为一个区域，在该区域内提供的无线通信服务能达到***要求的水平。
一个基站可以管理一个或多个小区。一个UE可以同时接收到一个或多个小区标识。因此，UE通常会按照一定的准则进行小区选择，并在选择了一个合适的小区后，尝试接入该小区，以建立与无线接入网的连接。接入成功后，UE即可驻留在该小区，参与各种通信服务，如传输语音，视频，文本等数据。如果UE从当前驻留的小区移动到其他小区，管理该小区的基站可以将该UE切换到其他小区，以保证UE的通信连续性。
具体地，基站可以是通用移动通信***(英文：universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)中的节点B(英文：Node B，NB)，也可以是长期演进(英文：long term evolution,LTE)或先进的LTE(英文：LTE-advanced，LTE-A)***中的演进型节点B(英文：evolutional Node B， eNB或eNode B)；或者，还可以是无线接入网的未来演进中引入的其他接入网设备。
核心网负责对通信服务的全面控制，如建立承载，安全管理等功能。核心网通常包括多个核心网络设备，如移动性管理设备，网关设备等。以LTE或LTE-A***为例，常见的核心网络设备包括：移动性管理实体(英文：mobility management entity，MME)，服务网关(英文：serving gateway,S-GW)，分组数据网络网关(英文：packet data network gateway，PDN-GW或P-GW)，策略和计费规则功能(英文：policy and charging rules function，PCRF)。
IMS是一种基于IP提供语音，视频等多媒体业务的网络体系架构，由多个与信令和承载相关的功能实体组成，这些功能实体也称为IMS网元。常见的功能实体有：呼叫会话控制功能(英文：call session control function，CSCF)，包括代理CSCF(英文：proxy CSCF,P-CSCF)，问询CSCF(英文：interrogating CSCF,I-CSCF)和S-CSCF(英文：serving CSCF,S-CSCF)；媒体资源功能(英文：multimedia resource function，MRF)，包括MRF控制器(英文：controller)和MRF处理器(英文：processor)；以及应用服务器(英文：application server，AS)和归属用户服务器(英文：home subscriber server，HSS)。
IMS尽量采用与因特网工程任务组(英文：internet engineering task force，IETF)一致的因特网协议和标准。例如，采用了IETF的会话初始协议(英文：session initiation protocol,SIP)。因此，基于IMS，运营商能有效地为用户提供基于因特网的应用、服务和协议的多媒体业务。
图2为本发明实施例的一种方法的流程示意图。该方法适用于多媒体业务，特别是基于IP传输的语音或者视频业务，如VoLTE等。该方法可以应用在图1所示的网络架构中。如图2所示，该方法包括以下步骤：
S20、多媒体会话协商；包括：用户设备与对等实体进行多媒体会话协商，以确定多媒体业务的传输配置信息,传输配置信息包括媒体编码参数。
S22、专用承载建立；其中，该专用承载用于承载所述多媒体业务。
S24、媒体编码参数传输；包括：基站接收用户设备或核心网络设备发送的该多媒体业务的媒体编码参数。步骤S22和步骤S24在时间上没有必然的先后关系；可以是先S22，后S24；可以是先S24，后S22；还可以是S22和S24同时进行。
S26、服务质量监控；基站监控该多媒体业务的服务质量，包括：基站控制该多媒体业务的媒体编码类型或媒体编码速率。
可选地，如图2中虚线框所示，该方法还可包括以下步骤：
S28、切换控制；包括：在所述用户设备被切换至另一基站时，该基站向该另一基站发送该媒体编码参数中的部分或全部。
用户设备存在多媒体业务需求时，可通过当前驻留小区，与对等实体(英文：peer entity)进行多媒体会话协商(S20)，以确定多媒体业务的传输配置信息。该对等实体可以是IMS中的功能实体，也可以是另一用户设备。传输配置信息是指为支持多媒体业务传输所需的配置信息。传输配置信息包括媒体编码参数。媒体编码参数是在对语音，视频等多媒体内容的编码和解码过程中涉及的参数，而不仅限于编码过程。以VoLTE业务为例，用户设备可以基于SIP协议进行多媒体会话协商，确定的传输配置信息包括被叫用户相关信息，语音编解码方式，IP地址等。其中，语音编解码方式即属于媒体编码参数。
通常，媒体编码参数至少包括媒体编码类型，即该多媒体业务使用的编解码技术。该媒体编码类型媒体编码类型属于固定速率编码类型，或可变速率编码类型中的一种。如前所述，常见的编解码技术中，固定速率编码类型包括：G.711，G.721，GSM-FR；可变速率编码类型的包括：AMR-NB、 AMR-WB和EVS。在本发明实施例中，编解码技术不限于此，也可以扩展到其他可能的编解码技术。
如果协商的结果是采用可变速率编码类型的编解码技术，用户设备通常还可与对等实体协商可用的编码模式集合。其中，编码模式表示编码速率，既可以通过直接方式，如编码模式为具体的编码速率值；也可以通过间接方式，如编码模式为数字编号，不同的数字编号表示不同的编码速率。例如，编码模式可以是AMR或AMR-WB的编解码器模式(codec mode)。可用编码模式集合是该可变速率编码类型支持的全部编码模式的子集，即全部编码模式中的部分或全部编码模式。不难理解，即使通信双方均支持多种编码速率，但是由于能力限制或偏好，也可以协商只使用其中的部分编码速率。
与传统的基于电路交换的语音业务不同，基于分组交换的语音业务，在多媒体会话协商成功后，为了保证多媒体业务(如LTE承载的语音或视频业务)的服务质量，***需要为多媒体业务的数据传输建立专用承载(英文：dedicated bearer)。在此过程中，用户设备也会与基站进行交互，参与建立承载，特别是用户设备与基站间的无线承载。在专用承载建立完成后，用户设备即可开始多媒体业务的数据传输。因此，用户设备和基站均参与建立专用承载，该专用承载用于承载用户设备的多媒体业务。
区别于现有技术，本发明实施例中，用户设备在多媒体会话协商成功后，还包括步骤S24，用于将多媒体会话协商确定的媒体编码参数发送给基站。通常，该媒体编码参数至少包括媒体编码类型，还可以包括以下信息中的一种或多种：当前编码模式，可用媒体编码类型，可用编码模式集合，编码速率调整限制，编码速率调整周期，编码模式调整能力。并且，随着技术的发展，还可以引入新的媒体编码参数。
表1为媒体编码参数示意表，示意性地给出了上述媒体编码参数的一 种可能的实现方式。
Figure PCTCN2015080961-appb-000001
表1-媒体编码参数示意表
当前编码模式表示用户设备当前使用的媒体编码速率。这里的“当前”是对于用户设备而言，由用户设备在向基站发送多媒体业务的当前编码模式前确定。并且，当前编码模式可以包括当前上行编码模式和当前下行编码模式。其中，上行是指用户设备到基站的传输方向，下行方向是基站到用户设备的传输方向。
可用媒体编码类型表示该用户设备支持的编解码技术。优选地，可用媒体编码类型表示该用户设备和对等实体均支持的编解码技术。
编码速率调整限制表示是否限制为的相邻编码模式调整。例如，只要包括该字段，或者该字段为特定取值(例如：0或1)时，表示限制调整后 编码模式只能是调整前编码模式的相邻编码模式。例如，假设媒体编码类型为AMR，可用编码模式集合表示的编码速率为12.2kbps、7.95kbps、5.90kbps、和4.75kbps。如果当前编码模式表示的编码速率为5.90kbps，则调整后的编码速率只能为4.75kbps或7.95kbps，而不能是12.2kbps。
编码速率调整周期用于表示编码速率调整的最小时间单位，一般以语音帧(块)周期为单位。例如，每20ms可以调整一次编码速率，或者每40ms可以调整一次编码速率等。编码速率调整能力用于表示是否有能力控制编码速率调整周期，即是否支持更改编码速率调整周期。
需要说明的是，对于媒体编码类型，用户设备可以直接传递。例如，单独定义某个字段或消息用于指示媒体编码类型。或者，也可以间接传递该媒体编码类型。例如，当用户设备发送给基站的多媒体业务的媒体编码参数中包括可用编码模式集合或当前编码模式时，由于基站可推定该多媒体业务的媒体编码类型，此时可以不必再额外定义某个字段或消息用于指示媒体编码类型。例如，当用户设备上报的当前编码模式指示的是AMR中4.75kbps时，其媒体编码类型就间接指示为AMR。
步骤S24中，媒体编码参数的传输方式有多种选择。例如，上述多种媒体编码参数可以合并在一条消息或分开在多条消息中发送给基站，不限于用户设备，也可由核心网络设备发送给基站。并且，用户设备和核心网络设备还可以进行合作，分别或共同向基站传输上述媒体编码参数中的一种或多种。其中，媒体编码参数由用户设备传输给基站，涉及节点较少，时延低，标准协议改动较小，易于商用；媒体编码参数由核心网络设备传输给基站，无需占用宝贵的无线资源和用户设备资源。
举例而言，当前编码模式可以与其他媒体编码参数一起被传输给基站，也可以单独被传输给基站。特别地，由于当前编码模式经常随时间变化，建议由用户设备直接传输给基站。并且，可以考虑采用周期性上报方式， 以便及时更新当前编码模式。与此同时，其他媒体编码参数可以由用户设备或核心网络设备另行传输给基站。
此外，媒体编码参数的传输时间也有多种选择。例如，对于VoLTE业务，在专用承载建立时，或者，在涉及专用承载更新或修改时，向基站发送多媒体业务的媒体编码参数，便于基站及时获得初始或更新的媒体编码参数。
当媒体编码参数由用户设备传输给基站时，作为可选的实现方式，采用如下方式中的一种或多种：
新增一条或多条无线资源控制(英文：radio resource control,RRC)消息；或者，
修改标准协议中已定义的RRC消息，如RRC重配置完成消息，更改原有信元，或新定义一个或多个信元(英文：information element,IE)；或者，
新增一种或多种媒体接入控制(英文：media access control，MAC)控制单元(英文：control element，CE)。
该可选的实现方式中，比较而言，通过RRC消息传输媒体编码参数，可靠性更好；通过MAC CE传输媒体编码参数，传输延迟更低。
当媒体编码参数由核心网络设备传输给基站时，类似于上述可选的实现方式，为了传输该媒体编码参数，可以在承载管理(如承载建立，承载修改，或承载更新)相关流程中新增一条或多条消息；或者，也可以修改标准协议中已定义的消息，如承载建立请求消息，增加一个或多个信元。
步骤S26中，基站收到该媒体编码参数后，参考该媒体编码参数，监控(英文：supervisory control)该多媒体业务的服务质量。对于不同的媒体编码参数，基站可以采取不同的监控策略。其中，“监控”可以表示监视(英文：monitor)，也可以表示控制(英文：control)，还可以同时表示监视和 控制。
多媒体业务的服务质量是指用于衡量该多媒体业务的服务水平的参数。在本发明实施例中，对于多媒体业务的服务质量，不作具体限定，可以包括LTE协议中已定义的服务质量(英文：quality of service,QoS)，如丢包率(英文：packet loss rate)和时延(英文：delay)等。并且，随着技术发展，还可包括其他用于衡量多媒体业务的服务水平的参数。此外，对于多媒体业务的服务质量，特别是互联网电话业务，现有技术中还有其他成熟的测量和评价方法，如SQI(英文：speech quality index)和VQI(英文：voice quality indicator)等。
其中，丢包率和时延等QoS参数不仅适用于应用层等高层协议，在本发明实施例中，也可扩展到无线接口(wireless interface)支持的协议层。例如，针对物理(英文：physical,PHY)层，媒体接入控制(英文：media access control,MAC)层，无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)层，分组数据汇聚协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层，均可定义该层的丢包率和时延。由于底层协议相比于高层协议，丢包率和时延等参数的变化更快，可以更及时地反映多媒体业务的服务质量。并且，基站可以直接测量或接收UE的反馈，更加便捷地获取这些针对无线接口支持的协议层(PHY，MAC，RLC，PDCP)定义的丢包率和时延等参数。
作为一类监控策略，对于部分媒体编码参数(如固定编码速率类型的编解码技术)，和/或，由于UE或***能力限制等因素，基站可以监视但不控制该多媒体业务的服务质量。此时，基站可以记录该服务质量，存储或向其他网络设备上报该多媒体业务的服务质量，便于网络优化或其他用途。
作为另一类监控策略，对于其他媒体编码参数，基站不仅可以监视该多媒体业务的服务质量，在必要时，还可对该多媒体业务进行干预，以直接控制该多媒体业务的服务质量。作为一种可能的干预措施，基站可以控制该多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。基于作为另一种可能的干预措施，基站 也可以控制该多媒体业务的媒体编码类型，从而间接实现控制该多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。应理解，这些针对多媒体业务的媒体编码速率的直接或间接的干预措施，既适用于上行方向，也适用于下行方向。
与现有LTE中在应用层实现语音编码速率的自适应调整相比，由基站直接对该多媒体业务进行干预，可以迅速地提升多媒体业务的服务质量。并且，由于基站负责无线资源的管理，基站对语音编码速率的自适应调整，可以与无线资源状况有效匹配，进一步提升多媒体业务的服务质量。
本发明实施例中，基站可以通过自行测量，或者接收用户设备或其他网络设备的报告的方式，监视多媒体业务的服务质量。并且，基站可以决定是否对该多媒体业务进行干预，和/或，基站可以决定采取何种干预措施，影响基站决定结果的因素可包括以下一种或多种：多媒体业务的服务质量，无线资源情况，UE能力，用户类别，运营商策略等。涉及这些因素的具体参数，如果需要，基站均可以自行测量得到，或从用户设备或其他网络设备处获得。
无线资源情况可以包括：该多媒体业务占用的无线资源，该基站的可用无线资源，无线链路质量。无线链路质量能够反映用户设备和基站间的无线链路支持的数据速率，具体可以包括信号与干扰噪声比(英文：signal to interference and noise ratio,SINR)，信道质量指示(英文：channel quality indicator,CQI)等。UE能力是指UE的设备能力，如LTE中定义的UE类别(UE category)，还可以包括其他UE的能力信息(如功率余量)等。
举例来说，当该多媒体业务占用的无线资源大于门限，基站可以考虑下调该多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。此外，当基站的可用无线资源，无线链路质量，或UE能力支持更高的媒体编码速率时，基站可以考虑上调该多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。
用户类别与用户的签约信息相关，用于反映用户的服务需求。例如，对于重要客户，理应提供更好的服务质量。运营商策略是指运营商层面的监控策略，通常与多媒体业务的类型相关，而与单次多媒体业务关联较小。例如，优先保障VoLTE业务的服务质量。
作为一种简易的实现方式，可以只考虑多媒体业务的服务质量。例如，若该多媒体业务的服务质量较差，基站可以决定对该多媒体业务进行干预；若该多媒体业务的服务质量较好，基站可以决定不对该多媒体业务进行干预，或者也可以决定对该多媒体业务进行干预。其中，多媒体业务的服务质量好坏的评价标准，可以有多种实现方式，例如参考现有成熟方法(如SQI或VQI)，衡量多媒体业务的服务质量；或者参考多媒体业务的特点，定义一个或多个阈值，用于区分多媒体业务的服务质量的好坏。
作为其他可能的实现方式，在决定是否对该多媒体业务的进行干预或采取何种干预措施时，除多媒体业务的服务质量外，还可以考虑无线资源情况，UE配置，用户类别，运营商策略中的一个或多个因素，以下将举例说明。综合考虑这些因素，可以进一步提升干预措施的有效性，从而更好地提升多媒体业务的服务质量。应理解，这些可能的实现方式仅作为示例，并用于限定本发明的保护范围。
为便于描述，先考虑基站获取的媒体编码类型属于可变速率编码类型，再考虑基站获取的媒体编码类型属于固定速率编码类型。
基站获取的媒体编码类型属于可变速率编码类型。此时，基站既可以控制该多媒体业务的媒体编码速率，也可以控制该多媒体业务的媒体编码类型。
基站获取的媒体编码类型属于固定速率编码类型。此时，基站可以控制该多媒体业务的媒体编码类型，从而间接控制该多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。
基站控制该多媒体业务的媒体编码速率或媒体编码类型时，既可以下调媒体编码速率，也可以上调媒体编码速率，还可以维持媒体编码速率不变。
例如，基站在满足以下条件中的一种或多种时，确定下调媒体编码速率。这些条件包括：该多媒体业务的丢包率大于门限，该多媒体业务的包时延大于门限，该多媒体业务占用的无线资源大于门限，用户设备与基站间的无线链路质量低于门限。
再例如，基站在满足以下条件中的一种或多种时，确定上调媒体编码速率。这些条件包括：该多媒体业务的丢包率小于门限，该多媒体业务的包时延小于门限，该多媒体业务占用的无线资源小于门限，基站的可用无线资源大于门限，用户设备与基站间的无线链路质量大于门限，UE能力(如功率余量)支持更高的媒体编码速率，用户为重要客户，运营商策略为优先保障这类多媒体业务(如VoLTE)的服务质量。
当然，在上述用于确定上调媒体编码速率的条件中的部分条件不满足时，基站也可以维持该多媒体业务的媒体编码速率不变。例如，该用户为普通用户，该UE能力不支持更高的媒体编码速率。
在实现中，上述各种门限值可以相互独立，由基站参考标准协议预先定义，或参考多媒体业务特性，网络运行状况，运营商策略，用户类别，UE能力等因素确定。
因此，基于本发明实施例的技术方案，基站能够获知通信双方协商确定的媒体编码参数，并监控多媒体业务的服务质量，有利于保障多媒体业务的服务质量。与现有技术相比，由基站直接对多媒体业务进行干预，能够快速地提升多媒体业务的服务质量。并且，参考媒体编码参数，和/或，其他因素，能够提升基站对多媒体业务的干预措施的有效性，从而进一步提升多媒体业务的服务质量。此外，与ECN方案相比，无需通信双方和各 路由节点都支持ECN能力，降低了网络部署要求；并且，无需在初始会话协商阶段检测各节点的ECN能力，有利于降低延迟，提升多媒体业务的服务质量。
如前所述，针对不同的媒体编码参数，基站可以采用不同的监控策略，并且可以采取不同的干预措施，以进一步提升多媒体业务的服务质量。对于不同的干预措施，本发明实施例也可能有多种可能的实现方式，以下将详细说明。
上述步骤S26中，作为一种可能的干预措施，在媒体编码类型属于可变编码速率类型时，基站控制该多媒体业务的媒体编码速率，可包括：
基站向用户设备或核心网络设备发送编码速率调整请求；其中，该编码速率调整请求用于请求调整该多媒体电话业务的媒体编码速率。
该编码速率调整请求，可以通过修改现有消息(例如新定义一个或多个信元)，或新增消息的方式实现。该编码速率调整请求可以指示媒体编码速率的调整方式，包括显式指示或隐式指示。其中，媒体编码速率的调整方式为：选择更高的媒体编码速率；或者，选择更低的媒体编码速率。
可选地，作为隐式指示的一种，出现该编码速率调整请求，即可默认指示一种媒体编码速率的调整方式。例如，默认选择更低的媒体编码速率。当然，也可以默认选择更高的媒体编码速率。
可选地，作为显式指示的一种，该编码速率调整请求中，可以携带明确的速率调整指示，利用该速率调整指示的取值，表示媒体编码速率的调整方式。例如，1表示选择更低的媒体编码速率，0表示选择更高的媒体编码速率。
可选地，作为显式指示的另一种，当基站获得的媒体编码参数中还包括当前编码模式和可用编码模式集合中的至少一种时，该编码速率调整请 求中，还可包括推荐编码模式。该推荐编码模式由基站选择，建议用户设备采纳。
通常，如果该媒体编码参数包括当前编码模式，则该推荐编码模式应当不同于当前编码模式；如果该媒体编码参数包括可用编码模式集合，该推荐编码模式应当属于该可用编码模式集合。如果该媒体编码参数还包括编码速率调整限制，该基站在选择推荐编码模式也应当依照该编码速率调整限制，推荐编码模式应为该当前编码模式的相邻编码模式。此处实现方式可作为优选的实施方式，用以增加推荐编码模式被用户设备采纳的几率，同时也避免不必要的资源浪费。在具体实现中，也可能会存在例外情况，本发明对此不作限定。
此外，如果基站获得的媒体编码参数还包括编码速率调整周期，该媒体编码速率调整请求的发送周期，通常会大于或等于该编码速率调整周期，以避免不必要的资源浪费。
上述步骤S26中，作为另一种可能的干预措施，基站控制该多媒体业务的媒体编码类型，可以包括：
基站向用户设备或核心网络设备发送编码类型调整请求；其中，该编码类型调整请求用于请求调整该多媒体电话业务的媒体编码类型。
该编码类型调整请求，可以通过修改现有消息(例如新定义一个或多个信元)，或新增消息的方式实现。该编码类型调整请求可以指示媒体编码类型的调整方式，包括显式指示或隐式指示。其中，媒体编码类型的调整方式为：选择支持更高媒体编码速率的编解码技术；或者，选择支持更低媒体编码速率的编解码技术。
可选地，作为隐式指示的一种，出现该编码类型调整请求，即可默认指示一种媒体编码类型的调整方式。例如，默认选择支持更低媒体编码速率的编解码技术。当然，也可以默认选择支持更高媒体编码速率的编解码 技术。
可选地，作为显式指示的一种，该编码类型调整请求中，可以携带明确的类型调整指示，利用该类型调整指示的取值，表示媒体编码类型的调整方式。例如，1表示选择支持更低媒体编码速率的编解码技术，0表示选择支持更高媒体编码速率的编解码技术。
可选地，作为显式指示的另一种，当媒体编码类型中包括可用媒体编码方式时，该编码类型调整请求中，可以包括：推荐编码类型。该推荐编码类型由基站在该可用媒体编码类型中选择，建议用户设备采纳。
需要说明的是，基站向用户设备或核心网络设备发送编码类型调整请求，既适用于媒体编码类型属于固定速率编码类型的情况，也适用于媒体编码类型属于可变速率编码类型的情况。换言之，编码类型调整前的媒体编码类型，即当前媒体编码类型，可以属于固定速率编码类型，也可以属于可变速率编码类型。
举例而言，假设编码类型调整前的媒体编码类型为G.711，属于固定速率编码类型，编码类型调整后的媒体编码类型通常也属于固定速率编码类型，如G.721。但是，不排除在某些情况下，编码类型调整后的媒体编码类型属于可变速率编码类型，例如AMR。
假设编码类型调整前的媒体编码类型为AMR-WB，属于可变速率编码类型，一般来说，可以直接调整多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。但是，在本发明实施例中，也可以通过控制多媒体业务的媒体编码类型，间接控制该多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。例如，AMR-WB的编码速率范围为6.6kbps～23.85kbps，编码类型调整后的媒体编码类型为AMR，支持低于6.6kbps的5.90k kbps、5.15kbps和4.75kbps速率。并且，不排除在某些情况下，编码类型调整后的媒体编码类型属于固定速率编码类型，例如G.721。
在上述两种可能的干预措施中，基站向用户设备发送编码速率调整请 求或编码类型调整请求时，该用户设备可以直接接收到该编码速率调整请求或该编码类型调整请求。基站向核心网络设备(如MME，SGW，PGW，PCRF)发送编码速率调整请求或编码类型调整请求时，核心网络设备可以将该编码速率调整请求或该编码类型调整请求转发给该用户设备的对等实体。该对等实体可以是IMS的功能实体(如CSCF功能实体)，或与该用户设备通话的另一用户设备。
用户设备或对等实体接收到编码速率调整请求后，可参考该编码速率调整请求，调整该多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。对于上行方向上的媒体编码速率调整，用户设备可以参考该编码速率调整请求，选择新的媒体编码速率，或采纳推荐编码模式。对于下行方向上的媒体编码速率调整，用户设备可以请求其对等实体调整媒体编码速率。以VoLTE为例，该用户设备可以向与其通话的另一用户设备发送编码器模式请求(英文：codec mode request，CMR)，请求另一设备调整媒体编码速率。CMR有时也称为改变模式请求(英文：change mode request)。
用户设备或对等实体接收到编码类型调整请求后，可参考该编码类型调整请求，调整该多媒体业务的媒体编码类型。例如，用户设备与对等实体重新进行多媒体会话协商，以确定新的媒体编码类型，或协商采用推荐编码类型。
当然，该用户设备或该对等实体也可以参考其他因素(如用户设备或对等实体的能力信息，无线链路质量等)，确定是否有必要调整媒体编码速率或媒体编码类型。
无论媒体编码速率或媒体编码类型是否被调整，该用户设备或该对等实体均可向该基站发送响应消息，以便通知该编码速率调整请求或该编码类型调整请求的结果。该对等实体向该基站发送响应消息时，可以参考获得该编码速率调整请求或该编码类型调整请求的路径，以相反方向传输。
此外，基站发送编码速率调整请求或编码类型调整请求后，可以启动 定时器，如果直到定时器超时，仍未接收到响应消息，或仍未检测到该多媒体业务的媒体编码类型或媒体编码速率的调整，可以重新发送该编码速率调整请求或编码类型调整请求，以防止由于传输失败，而导致的编码速率或编码类型调整的失败。并且，重新发送的目标，可以与初次发送的目标相同，也可以与初次发送的目标不同。例如，初次发送的目标为用户设备，重新发送的目标可以还是该用户设备，也可以是核心网络设备。
作为可选的实现方式，基站与用户设备或核心网络设备之间传输编码类型调整请求、编码速率调整请求，以及响应消息时，具体的传输方式可以参考前述的用户设备(通过RRC消息或MAC CE)或核心网络设备(通过承载管理相关流程)与基站传输媒体编码参数的方法，此处不再赘述。并且，基站发送编码类型调整请求或编码速率调整请求的方式，与基站接收媒体编码参数的方式，两者并不要求一致，可以有多种组合方式。例如,基站可以从核心网络设备接收媒体编码参数，向用户设备发送编码速率调整请求或编码类型调整请求。
在上述各种可选实施方式的基础上，步骤S28中，在所述用户设备被切换至另一基站时，该基站向该另一基站发送该媒体编码参数中的部分或全部。其中，上述切换可以包括站内切换，站间切换或跨***切换。传输该媒体编码参数的具体实现，可以考虑在切换过程中，采取新增一条或多条消息；或者，修改标准协议中已定义的消息，包括：更改原有信元，或新定义一个或多个信元。
举例而言，假设切换前的基站(称为源基站)，和切换后的基站(目标基站)均为LTE中的eNB，可以考虑修改源基站发送至目标基站的切换请求(handover request)消息，例如针对UE上下文信息(UE context information)字段，新增IE或沿用现有IE(如E-RAB Level QoS IE)，以传 输该媒体编码参数中的部分或全部。
基于步骤S28，在保持多媒体业务的连续性的同时，另一基站可以在切换过程中，及时接收到该多媒体业务的媒体编码参数后，并迅速监控该多媒体业务的服务质量。该另一基站监控该多媒体业务的服务质量的监控策略和实现方式，可以与该基站相同，也可以不同。
以上从方法流程的角度，介绍了本发明实施例的多种可能的实施方式。为了更清楚地阐述本发明实施例，下面将结合附图，介绍可应用在本发明实施例的处理装置、通信设备和计算机程序产品。应理解，这些处理装置、通信设备和计算机程序产品与图2所示方法可以互为参考，共同组成一个更加完整的技术方案。因此，相同或相近的内容，包括应用场景，方案中的术语或概念，以及技术效果，下文中不再重复描述或仅有简略描述，如有必要，可参照前述内容。
图3为本发明实施例的一种处理装置30的结构示意图。该处理装置可以应用于基站，使该基站执行如图2所示的方法中的部分或全部实施方式。该处理装置可以为基站中的基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)或BBU中的一个或多个处理器或芯片。在其他可能情况下，该处理装置也可以为基站本身。
如图3所示，该处理装置30包括：接收单元301，控制单元302，两者相互连接，以实现信息传递。
该控制单元用于控制基站参与建立专用承载，该专用承载用于承载用户设备的多媒体业务；
该接收单元用于接收该用户设备或核心网络设备发送的该多媒体业务的媒体编码参数；其中，该媒体编码参数包括媒体编码类型，该媒体编码类型属于：固定速率编码类型，或者，可变速率编码类型；
该控制单元还用于控制该多媒体业务的媒体编码类型或媒体编码速率。
该控制单元302的一种可选实现方式中，如图3-A所示，该控制单元302可以包括第一发送子单元3021；此时，该控制单元用于控制该多媒体业务的媒体编码类型，具体方式包括：
该第一发送子单元用于向用户设备或核心网络设备发送编码类型调整请求，该编码类型调整请求用于请求调整该多媒体业务的媒体编码类型。
该控制单元302的另一种可选实现方式中，如图3-A所示，该控制单元302可以包括第二发送子单元3022；此时，该控制单元用于控制该多媒体业务的媒体编码速率，具体方式包括：
该第二发送子单元用于向用户设备或核心网络设备发送编码速率调整请求，该编码速率调整请求用于请求调整该多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。
在此基础上，可选地，该控制单元还用于：当该媒体编码参数包括当前编码模式和可用编码模式集合时，确定推荐编码模式，并将该推荐编码模式包含在该编码速率调整请求中。进一步地，该控制单元还可用于：当该媒体编码参数还包括编码速率调整限制时，基于该编码速率调整限制确定该推荐编码模式。可选地，该控制单元还可用于：当该媒体编码参数包括可用媒体编码方式时，确定推荐编码类型，并将该推荐编码类型包含在该编码类型调整请求中。
在以上内容基础上，可选地，该控制单元还用于：当该媒体编码参数还包括编码速率调整周期时，控制该编码速率调整请求的发送周期大于或等于该编码速率调整周期。
在以上内容基础上，可选地，该控制单元还用于：在MAC控制单元中，承载该编码类型调整请求或该编码速率调整请求；或者，在RRC消息中， 承载该编码类型调整请求或该编码速率调整请求。
在以上内容基础上，该处理装置30的一种可选实现方式中，如图3-B所示，该处理装置还包括：与该控制单元302连接的发送单元303。该发送单元用于在该用户设备被切换至另一基站时，向该另一基站发送该媒体编码参数中的部分或全部。
在以上内容基础上，该处理装置30的另一种可选实现方式中，该控制单元302还可用于控制所述基站：启动定时器，如果直到定时器超时，仍未接收到用户设备或其对等实体反馈的响应消息，或仍未检测到该多媒体业务的媒体编码类型或媒体编码速率的调整，重新发送该编码速率调整请求或编码类型调整请求。
应理解，该控制单元302可以同时包括该第一发送子单元3021和该第二发送子单元3022。在实现中，该处理装置30可以通过硬件、软件或者二者结合来实现。例如，若该处理装置30为BBU、处理器或芯片，该控制单元302可以是其核心处理模块(如CPU)，其他单元(301，3021，3022和303)可以是其输入输出接口电路或引脚或端口。若该处理装置30为基站本身，该控制单元302可以为处理器或控制器，其他单元(301，3021，3022和303)可以为与该处理器或控制器连接或集成的发送器，接收器或收发器。
图4为本发明实施例的另一种处理装置40的结构示意图。该处理装置可以应用于用户设备或网络设备，使该用户设备或该网络设备执行如图2所示的方法中的部分或全部实施方式。该处理装置可以为用户设备或网络设备中的一个或多个处理器或芯片。例如，若应用于用户设备，该处理装 置可以为基带处理器或基带芯片，或集成有基带处理功能的处理芯片或芯片组，如片上***(system on chip，SoC)。在其他可能情况下，该处理装置也可以为用户设备或网络设备本身。其中，该网络设备可以为核心网络设备(如MME，SGW，PGW和PCRF)或IMS网元(如P-CSCF)。
如图4所示，该处理装置40包括：发送单元401，控制单元402，两者相互连接，以实现信息传递。
该控制单元用于控制该用户设备或网络设备：参与多媒体会话协商，以确定用于多媒体业务的媒体编码参数；参与建立专用承载，该专用承载用于承载该多媒体业务；其中，该媒体编码参数包括媒体编码类型，所述媒体编码类型属于：固定速率编码类型，或者，可变速率编码类型；
该发送单元用于向基站发送该多媒体业务的媒体编码参数，其中，该媒体编码参数被该基站用于控制该多媒体业务的媒体编码类型或媒体编码速率。
可选地，该控制单元402还用于将以下信息中的一种或多种包含在媒体编码参数中，并经由发送单元401发送给基站。这些信息包括：当前编码模式，可用媒体编码类型，可用编码模式集合，编码速率调整限制，编码速率调整周期，编码模式调整能力。此外，该控制单元402还可用于控制该用户设备：在MAC控制单元中，承载所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数；或者，在RRC消息中，承载所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数。
在该处理装置40的一种可选实现方式中，如图4-A所示，该处理装置还包括：与该控制单元402连接的第一接收单元4031。该第一接收单元用于接收该基站发送的编码类型调整请求。此时，该控制单元还用于控制该用户设备或网络设备：根据所述编码类型调整请求，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型。
在该处理装置40的另一种可选实现方式中，如图4-A所示，该处理装 置还包括：与该控制单元402连接的第二接收单元4032。该第二接收单元用于接收该基站发送的编码速率调整请求。此时，该控制单元还用于控制该用户设备或网络设备：根据所述编码速率调整请求，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。
在这两种可选实现方式的基础上，可选地，该控制单元还用于控制该用户设备：
在该编码速率请求中包含推荐编码模式时，根据该推荐编码模式，调整该多媒体业务的媒体编码速率；和/或，
在该编码类型请求中包含推荐编码类型时，根据该推荐编码类型，调整该多媒体业务的媒体编码类型。
在这两种可选实现方式的基础上，可选地，当处理装置40应用于网络设备时，该控制单元还用于控制该网络设备：
向该用户设备的对等实体转发编码类型调整请求，以使该用户设备的对等实体根据该编码类型调整请求，调整该多媒体业务的媒体编码类型；和/或，
向该用户设备的对等实体转发编码速率调整请求，以使该用户设备的对等实体根据该编码类速率调整请求，调整该多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。
例如，该网络设备为核心网络设备(如MME，SGW，PGW和PCRF)或IMS网元。核心网络设备参与多媒体会话协商和建立专用承载，负责将多媒体会话协商和建立专用承载涉及的消息或信令转发给IMS网元(如P-CSCF)。其中，以VoLTE业务为例，从用户设备到与其通话的对等实体(IMS网元或另一用户设备)，消息或信令的典型路由顺序为UE至RAN，RAN至MME，MMM至SGW，SGW至PGW，PGW至PCRF，PCRF至IMS网元。从该对等实体到该用户设备则为相反的路由方向，无需赘述。 该IMS网元在收到这些这些消息或信令后，再将其传递给该用户设备的对等实体。网络设备向该用户设备的对等实体转发编码类型调整请求，和/或，编码速率调整请求时，也可参照该路由顺序。
应理解，该处理装置40可以同时包括该第一接收单元4031和该第二接收单元4032。在实现中，该处理装置40可以通过硬件、软件或者二者结合来实现。例如，若该处理装置40为基带处理器或基带芯片，或集成有基带处理功能的处理芯片或芯片组，该控制单元402可以是其核心处理模块(如CPU)，其他单元(401，4031和4032)可以是其输入输出接口电路或引脚或端口。若该处理装置40为用户设备或网络设备本身，该控制单元402可以为处理器或控制器，其他单元(401，4031和4032)可以为与该处理器或控制器连接或集成的发送器，接收器或收发器。
图5为本发明实施例的一种通信设备50的结构示意图。该通信设备为用户设备或基站。如图5所示，该通信设备包括：
处理器501，与所述处理器连接的存储器502，该存储器中存储有指令或代码，当该指令或代码在该处理器中运行时，所述通信设备执行如图2所示方法中由用户设备或基站执行的步骤，或所述通信设备实现如图3，图3-A或图3-B所示方案中基站的功能，或所述通信设备实现如图4或图4-A所示方案中用户设备的功能。
具体实现中，该通信设备50还可以包括：连接线500，发射电路503、接收电路504、天线505，以及输入/输出(英文：input/output，I/O)接口506等。
其中，处理器控制该通信设备50的操作，处理器也可以称为中央处理单元(英文：central processing unit，CPU)。存储器可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器提供指令和数据。存储器的一部分还可以包 括非易失性随机存取存储器(NVRAM)。具体的应用中，发射电路和接收电路可以耦合到天线，与其他通信设备无线连接。发射电路和接收电路也可以集成为一个收发机，天线可以为射频天线，蓝牙天线等支持多种频率的天线。I/O接口提供了与其他通信设备或用户交互的可能性。例如，对于基站，该I/O接口可以为通用公共无线接口(英文：common public radio interface，CPRI)接口，以太网接口，USB接口等。对于用户设备，该I/O接口可以为屏幕，键盘，话筒，扬声器，USB接口等。通信设备内部的各个组件可以通过各种连接线(如总线***)耦合在一起，其中总线***除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，本文中将各种总线都统称为总线***。
上述本发明实施例如图2所示的方法可以应用于处理器中，或者由处理器实现。处理器可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件，可以实现或者执行本发明实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本发明实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。
本发明实施例中也包括一种计算机程序产品或计算机可读存储介质。该计算机程序产品或计算机可读存储介质中包含计算机程序代码，当该计算机程序代码被处理单元或处理器运行时，使得该处理单元或处理器控制基站或用户设备运行如图2所示方法。计算机程序代码也可以称为软件模块，可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的计算机可读存储介质中。该 存储介质可位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
应理解，在本发明的各种实施例中，各方法步骤或单元的序号的大小并不必然意味着执行顺序的先后，实际中的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本发明实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为了描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的***、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的***、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个***，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，也可以是电的，机械的或其它的形式连接。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的 部分或者全部单元来实现本发明实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分，或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (34)

  1. 一种处理装置，所述处理装置应用于基站，其特征在于，所述处理装置包括：
    控制单元，以及与所述控制单元连接的接收单元；
    所述控制单元用于控制所述基站参与建立专用承载，所述专用承载用于承载用户设备的多媒体业务；
    所述接收单元用于接收所述用户设备或核心网络设备发送的所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数；其中，所述媒体编码参数包括媒体编码类型，所述媒体编码类型属于：固定速率编码类型，或者，可变速率编码类型；
    所述控制单元还用于控制所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型或媒体编码速率。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的处理装置，其特征在于：
    所述控制单元包括第一发送子单元；
    所述控制单元用于控制所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型，包括：
    所述第一发送子单元用于向所述用户设备或所述核心网络设备发送编码类型调整请求，所述编码类型调整请求用于请求调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的处理装置，其特征在于：
    所述控制单元包括第二发送子单元；
    所述控制单元用于控制所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率，包括：
    所述第二发送子单元用于当所述媒体编码类型属于可变速率编码类型时，向所述用户设备或所述核心网络设备发送编码速率调整请求，所述编码速率调整请求用于请求调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的处理装置，其特征在于：
    所述控制单元还用于：当所述媒体编码参数包括当前编码模式和可用编码模式集合时，确定推荐编码模式，并将所述推荐编码模式包含在所述编码速率调整请求中；
    其中，编码模式表示编码速率，所述当前编码模式表示用户设备当前使用的媒体编码速率，所述可用编码模式集合为所述媒体编码类型支持的全部编码模式的子集；
    所述推荐编码模式表示所述基站推荐的编码速率，所述推荐编码模式属于所述可用编码模式集合，且不同于所述当前编码模式。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的处理装置，其特征在于：
    所述控制单元还用于：当所述媒体编码参数还包括编码速率调整限制时，基于所述编码速率调整限制确定所述推荐编码模式；
    其中，所述编码速率调整限制表示是否限制为相邻编码模式调整，所述推荐编码模式为所述当前编码模式的相邻编码模式。
  6. 根据权利要求3至5中任一所述的处理装置，其特征在于：
    所述控制单元还用于：当所述媒体编码参数还包括编码速率调整周期时，控制所述编码速率调整请求的发送周期大于或等于所述编码速率调整周期；
    其中，所述编码速率调整周期表示编码速率调整的最小时间单位。
  7. 根据权利要求2至6中任一所述的处理装置，其特征在于，所述控制单元还用于：
    在媒体接入控制MAC控制单元中，承载所述编码类型调整请求或所述 编码速率调整请求；或者，
    在无线资源控制RRC消息中，承载所述编码类型调整请求或所述编码速率调整请求。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一所述的处理装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    与所述控制单元连接的发送单元；
    所述发送单元用于在所述用户设备被切换至另一基站时，向所述另一基站发送所述媒体编码参数中的部分或全部。
  9. 一种处理装置，所述处理装置应用于用户设备或网络设备，其特征在于，所述处理装置包括：
    控制单元，以及与所述控制单元连接的发送单元；
    所述控制单元用于控制所述用户设备或网络设备：参与多媒体会话协商，以确定用于多媒体业务的媒体编码参数；参与建立专用承载，所述专用承载用于承载所述多媒体业务；其中，所述媒体编码参数包括媒体编码类型，所述媒体编码类型属于：固定速率编码类型，或者，可变速率编码类型；
    所述发送单元用于向基站发送所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数，其中，所述媒体编码参数被所述基站用于控制所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型或媒体编码速率。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的处理装置，其特征在于，所述处理装置还包括：
    与所述控制单元连接的第一接收单元；
    所述第一接收单元用于接收所述基站发送的编码类型调整请求，所述控制单元还用于控制所述用户设备或网络设备：根据所述编码类型调整请 求，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的处理装置，其特征在于，所述处理装置还包括：
    与所述控制单元连接的第二接收单元；
    所述第二接收单元用于接收所述基站发送的编码速率调整请求，所述控制单元还用于控制所述用户设备或网络设备：根据所述编码速率调整请求，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。
  12. 根据权利要求9至11中任一所述的处理装置，其特征在于，所述控制单元还用于：
    将当前编码模式和可用编码模式集合包含在所述媒体编码参数中；和/或，
    将编码速率调整周期包含在所述媒体编码参数中；
    其中，编码模式表示编码速率，所述当前编码模式表示用户设备当前使用的媒体编码速率，所述可用编码模式集合为所述媒体编码类型支持的全部编码模式的子集；所述编码速率调整周期用于表示编码速率调整的最小时间单位。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的处理装置，其特征在于，所述控制单元还用于控制所述用户设备：
    当所述编码速率调整请求中包含推荐编码模式时，根据所述推荐编码模式，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率；
    所述推荐编码模式用于表示所述基站推荐的编码速率，所述推荐编码模式属于所述可用编码模式集合，且不同于所述当前编码模式。
  14. 根据权利要求9至13中任一所述的处理装置，其特征在于，所述控制单元还用于控制所述用户设备：
    在媒体接入控制MAC控制单元中，承载所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数；或者，
    在无线资源控制RRC消息中，承载所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数。
  15. 根据权利要求9至12中任一所述的处理装置，其特征在于：
    所述网络设备为核心网络设备，或互联网协议多媒体子***IMS网元；
    所述控制单元还用于控制所述网络设备：向用户设备的对等实体转发所述编码类型调整请求，以使所述用户设备的对等实体根据所述编码类型调整请求，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型；和/或，
    所述控制单元还用于控制所述网络设备：向用户设备的对等实体转发所述编码速率调整请求，以使所述用户设备的对等实体根据所述编码类速率调整请求，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。
  16. 一种多媒体业务的方法，所述方法应用于基站，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    参与建立专用承载，所述专用承载用于承载用户设备的多媒体业务；
    接收所述用户设备或核心网络设备发送的所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数；
    其中，所述媒体编码参数包括媒体编码类型，所述媒体编码类型属于：固定速率编码类型，或者，可变速率编码类型；
    控制所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型或媒体编码速率。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型，包括：
    向所述用户设备或所述核心网络设备发送编码类型调整请求，所述编码类型调整请求用于请求调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述媒体编码类型属于可变速率编码类型，所述控制所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率，包括：
    向所述用户设备或所述核心网络设备发送编码速率调整请求，所述编码速率调整请求用于请求调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    当所述媒体编码参数包括当前编码模式和可用编码模式集合时，确定推荐编码模式，并将所述推荐编码模式包含在所述编码速率调整请求中；
    其中，编码模式表示编码速率，所述当前编码模式表示用户设备当前使用的媒体编码速率，所述可用编码模式集合为所述媒体编码类型支持的全部编码模式的子集；
    所述推荐编码模式表示所述基站推荐的编码速率，所述推荐编码模式属于所述可用编码模式集合，且不同于所述当前编码模式。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于：
    当所述媒体编码参数还包括编码速率调整限制时，基于所述编码速率调整限制确定所述推荐编码模式；
    其中，所述编码速率调整限制表示是否限制为相邻编码模式调整，所述推荐编码模式为所述当前编码模式的相邻编码模式。
  21. 根据权利要求18至20中任一所述的方法，其特征在于：
    当所述媒体编码参数还包括编码速率调整周期时，控制所述编码速率调整请求的发送周期大于或等于所述编码速率调整周期；
    其中，所述编码速率调整周期用于表示编码速率调整的最小时间单位。
  22. 根据权利要求17至21中任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于：
    在媒体接入控制MAC控制单元中，承载所述编码类型调整请求或所述编码速率调整请求；或者，
    在无线资源控制RRC消息中，承载所述编码类型调整请求或所述编码速率调整请求。
  23. 根据权利要求16至22中任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在所述用户设备被切换至另一基站时，向所述另一基站发送所述媒体编码参数中的部分或全部。
  24. 根据权利要求16至23中任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于：
    所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数承载在媒体接入控制MAC控制单元中；或者，
    所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数承载在无线资源控制RRC消息中。
  25. 根据权利要求16至24中任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于：
    所述多媒体业务为长期演进承载语音VoLTE业务，所述基站为演进型节点B。
  26. 一种多媒体业务的方法，所述方法应用于用户设备，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    与对等实体进行多媒体会话协商，以确定用于多媒体业务的媒体编码参数；
    其中，所述媒体编码参数包括媒体编码类型，所述媒体编码类型属于： 固定速率编码类型，或者，可变速率编码类型；
    参与建立专用承载，所述专用承载用于承载所述多媒体业务；
    向基站发送所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数，其中，所述媒体编码参数被所述基站用于控制所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型或媒体编码速率。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收所述基站发送的编码类型调整请求；
    根据所述编码类型调整请求，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码类型。
  28. 根据权利要求26所述的方法，其特征在于，所述媒体编码类型属于可变速率编码类型，所述方法还包括：
    接收所述基站发送的编码速率调整请求；
    根据所述编码速率调整请求，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的方法，其特征在于，向所述基站发送的所述媒体编码参数中包括当前编码模式和可用编码模式集合，所述方法还包括：
    当所述编码速率调整请求中包括推荐编码模式时，根据所述推荐编码模式，调整所述多媒体业务的媒体编码速率；
    其中，编码模式表示编码速率，所述当前编码模式表示用户设备当前使用的媒体编码速率，所述可用编码模式集合为所述媒体编码类型支持的全部编码模式的子集；
    所述推荐编码模式表示所述基站推荐的编码速率，所述推荐编码模式属于所述可用编码模式集合，且不同于所述当前编码模式。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的方法，其特征在于：
    向所述基站发送的所述媒体编码参数中还包括：编码速率调整限制，所述编码速率调整限制表示是否限制为的相邻编码模式调整。
  31. 根据权利要求28至30中任一所述的方法，其特征在于：
    向所述基站发送的所述媒体编码参数中还包括：编码速率调整周期，所述编码速率调整周期用于表示编码速率调整的最小时间单位。
  32. 根据权利要求26至31中任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于：
    在媒体接入控制MAC控制单元中，承载所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数；或者，
    在无线资源控制RRC消息中，承载所述多媒体业务的媒体编码参数。
  33. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于：
    所述计算机程序产品包含计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码被处理单元运行时，使得所述处理单元控制基站执行如权利要求16至25中任意一项所述的方法；或者，使得所述处理单元控制用户设备执行如权利要求26至32中任意一项所述的方法。
  34. 一种通信设备，所述通信设备为用户设备或基站，其特征在于，包括：
    处理器，以及与所述处理器连接的存储器；
    所述存储器中存储有指令或代码，当所述指令或代码在所述处理器中运行时，所述通信设备执行如权利要求16至25中任意一项所述的方法；或者，所述通信设备执行如权利要求26至32中任意一项所述的方法。
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