WO2016186377A1 - Dispositif de mesure de distance à l'aide d'une détermination en temps réel à laser femtoseconde relaxé d'onde synthétique - Google Patents

Dispositif de mesure de distance à l'aide d'une détermination en temps réel à laser femtoseconde relaxé d'onde synthétique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016186377A1
WO2016186377A1 PCT/KR2016/005028 KR2016005028W WO2016186377A1 WO 2016186377 A1 WO2016186377 A1 WO 2016186377A1 KR 2016005028 W KR2016005028 W KR 2016005028W WO 2016186377 A1 WO2016186377 A1 WO 2016186377A1
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Prior art keywords
light
measurement
femtosecond laser
synthesized wave
distance
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PCT/KR2016/005028
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김승우
한성흠
장윤수
장희숙
이근우
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한국과학기술원
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Publication of WO2016186377A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016186377A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/486—Receivers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
    • G01S17/32—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
    • G01S17/36—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated with phase comparison between the received signal and the contemporaneously transmitted signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/491—Details of non-pulse systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a distance measuring apparatus using a real-time synthesized wave crystal based on a free running femtosecond laser.
  • the configuration is simple by measuring the wavelength and phase of a synthesized wave generated by interference between frequency modes in a free running femtosecond laser.
  • the present invention relates to a distance measuring device using a free-running femtosecond laser-based real-time synthesized wave crystal capable of measuring distance with high resolution.
  • the present invention relates to a femtosecond laser synthetic wavelength interferometer which generates a long wavelength synthesized wave of a radio wave band from interference between numerous modes of a femtosecond laser and uses the distance to measure it.
  • the synthesized waves having a specific wavelength suitable for the measurement distance are selected.
  • the desired distance can be measured by comparing the progress of the reference arm and the measurement arm.
  • the wavelength of the selected synthesized waves does not change with time. Since the wavelength of the selected synthesized waves depends on the interval between frequency modes determined by the optical path length of the femtosecond laser resonator, a technique for keeping the optical path length of the resonator constant is required.
  • the interval between frequency modes is the repetition rate at which the laser pulse is generated ( Same as), and the repetition rate ( )silver (Round) or It can be represented as (linear).
  • Is the luminous flux inside the resonator Is the length of the femtosecond laser resonator.
  • Length of resonator due to changes in temperature and environment When the change is made, the repetition rate of the femtosecond laser is also changed. In this case, the repetition rate of the femtosecond laser can be stabilized by controlling the length of the laser resonator so that the laser pulse can be phase locked to the atomic clock.
  • the conventional femtosecond laser uses a femtosecond laser with a stable repetition rate in a distance measuring method using a femtosecond laser.
  • complex devices such as piezoelectric elements, voltage amplifiers, function generators, and phase locked loop circuits are required.
  • the driving range of the piezoelectric element is limited to a level within 10 ⁇ m, it is possible to stabilize the repetition rate when the temperature change of the surrounding environment occurs several degrees or more. It can be out of control and, in more severe cases, even the generation of femtosecond laser pulses becomes impossible. In this case, the conventional distance measuring method using femtosecond lasers can no longer be used.
  • Korean Patent Publication No. 1448831 is a device for measuring distance using a femtosecond laser-based synthesized wave interferometer, and discloses a distance measuring technique using a femtosecond laser-based phase locked synthesized wave interferometer and eliminates nonlinear errors according to phases. have.
  • the present invention measures the wavelength and phase of a synthesized wave generated by interference between frequency modes in a free running femtosecond laser in real time, thereby realizing a free-running femtosecond laser-based real-time synthesized wave capable of measuring distance with high resolution.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a distance measuring device using crystals.
  • a distance measuring apparatus using a real-time synthesized wave crystal based on a free running femtosecond laser comprising: a free running femtosecond laser light source for emitting laser light; A light splitter configured to split the laser light into reference light and measurement light reflected from a measurement target; A reference photodetector for detecting the reference light; A measurement photodetector for detecting the measurement light; A frequency measuring unit measuring the repetition rate of the laser light, determining a degree of the synthesized wave to be extracted, and outputting the repetition rate and the order; A phase measuring unit configured to mix the detected reference light and the measured light with a high frequency signal, respectively, and pass the mixed reference light and the mixed measurement light through a low pass filter to measure a phase difference between the extracted reference synthesized wave and the measured synthesized wave; And a distance calculator configured to calculate distance information between the optical splitter and the measurement target using the repetition rate, the phase difference, and the order of the synthesized wave
  • the measurement target may be a mirror.
  • a distance measuring apparatus using a real-time synthesized wave crystal based on a free running femtosecond laser, Free running femtosecond laser light source for emitting a laser light A multi-channel light splitter configured to split the laser light into two or more measurement beams incident to the reference light and to different measurement targets; A reference photodetector for detecting the reference light; A multi-channel photodetector comprising one or more measurement photodetectors each having one-to-one correspondence with the measurement lights and detecting the measurement light; A frequency measuring unit measuring the repetition rate of the laser light, determining a degree of the synthesized wave to be extracted, and outputting the repetition rate and the order; A multi-channel phase measuring unit for mixing the detected reference light and measurement light with the high frequency signal, respectively, and passing the mixed reference light and the mixed measurement light through a low pass filter to measure phase differences between the extracted reference synthesized waves and the respective measured synthesized waves.
  • the free-running femtosecond laser light source may be an erbium fiber femtosecond laser having a center wavelength of 1550 nm, a bandwidth of 50 nm, and a pulse width of 100 fs.
  • the free running femtosecond laser light source may be an ytterbium fiber femtosecond laser having a center wavelength of 1030 nm, a bandwidth of 50 nm, and a pulse width of 50 fs.
  • the free running femtosecond laser light source may be a titanium: sapphire femtosecond laser having a center wavelength of 800 nm, a bandwidth of 100 nm, and a pulse width of 10 fs.
  • the present invention measures the wavelength and phase of a synthesized wave generated by interference between frequency modes in a free-running femtosecond laser in real time, so that the configuration is simple and high-resolution femtosecond laser-based distance can be measured. It is possible to provide a distance measuring device using a real-time synthesized wave determination.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a distance measuring apparatus using real-time synthesized wave determination based on free running femtosecond laser according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a case in which a mirror is omitted in a distance measuring device using real-time synthesized wave determination based on free running femtosecond laser according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a case in which an optocoupler is added in a distance measuring apparatus using real-time synthesized wave determination based on free running femtosecond laser according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Applicant has contemplated how to improve the economics and performance by simplifying the device to stabilize the femtosecond laser when measuring the distance by using the composite wave of the femtosecond laser, free running without stabilizing the repetition rate instead of the conventional femtosecond laser
  • the present invention has been completed by using a femtosecond laser and adding a device for measuring the frequency of a free running femtosecond laser.
  • a distance measuring apparatus using real-time synthesized wave determination based on free running femtosecond laser may include a free running femtosecond laser light source 110, a light splitter 120, and a reference photodetector 130. ), A measurement photodetector 150, a measurement target 140, a frequency measuring unit 220, a phase measuring unit 230, a distance calculator 300, and a reference clock 210.
  • the free running femtosecond laser light source 110 is a laser light source used for distance measurement, and may be a laser that generates a laser pulse having a pulse width of femtosecond level and does not control the repetition rate at which the pulse is generated.
  • the free running femtosecond laser light source 110 is an optical fiber femtosecond laser having a center wavelength of 1550 nm, a bandwidth of 60 nm, and a pulse width of 150 fs, or a titanium: sapphire femtosecond laser having a center wavelength of 800 nm, a bandwidth of 100 nm, and a pulse width of 100 fs. Can be.
  • the optical splitter 120 is a device for splitting laser light into space, and includes a beam splitter, diffraction optics, a beam diffuser, a beam expander, and a fiber coupler. ) May be implemented.
  • the reference photodetector 130 may detect a portion of the laser light at the reference point and transmit the detected signal to the phase measurement unit 230 using a wired or wireless communication technology.
  • the detected signal may be an electrical signal.
  • the measurement target 140 is an object placed at a position for distance measurement, and preferably, a mirror or the like capable of reflecting laser light may be selected.
  • the distance calculator 300 may calculate distance information between the light splitter 120 and the measurement target by using the measured repetition rate, the phase difference, and the order of the synthesized wave.
  • the reference clock 210 is an atomic clock used to provide a clock to the frequency measuring unit 220 and the phase measuring unit 230.
  • the reference clock 210 has a frequency of 10 MHz and may be used to increase the accuracy and long-term stability of the distance measurement. . Since the free running femtosecond laser light source 110 is not stabilized in the atomic clock by using a resonator, even if a reference clock is not provided, distance measurement using a real-time synthesized wave crystal based on a free running femtosecond laser according to an embodiment of the present invention. The device may operate.
  • the laser light is emitted from the free running femtosecond laser light source 110, and the laser light emitted from the free running femtosecond laser light source 110 is reflected by the light splitter 120 from the reference light and the measurement target (that is, the measurement light). Measurement light which is directed to and reflected from the measurement target).
  • the signals detected by the detectors may be input to the phase measuring unit 230.
  • the distance calculator 300 may calculate distance information between the optical splitter 120 and the measurement target from the repetition rate, the phase difference, and the order of the synthesized wave.
  • the distance calculation unit 300 calculates the distance information as follows: This can be used.
  • the length corresponding to the integral multiple of the wavelength of the synthesized wave must be determined. In other words, it is determined how many synthesized wavelengths are needed to be closest to the distance to be measured, You must decide. remind The determination of the value can be determined by measuring twice with different repetition rates of the laser.
  • the wavelength of the initial synthesized wave ( Using) Next, change the repetition rate of the femtosecond laser and measure the wavelength of the synthesized wave Once again away After measuring and Alliance distance Wow Can be determined.
  • the limit of the maximum measurement distance at which the distance value can be determined as one is May appear. That is, the amount of change in repetition rate
  • the distance can be determined with a unique value within 1.5 km at 100 kHz, 15 km at 10 kHz, and 150 km at 1 kHz.
  • the maximum measurement distance, which can determine the distance measurement value is complementary to the measurement accuracy. In the actual experiment, the distance was determined as the only value within 1.35km when the measurement precision was 42 ⁇ m.
  • the distance can be measured without ambiguity, and the higher-order synthesized waves can be measured with higher resolution. By using both low-order and high-order synthesized waves simultaneously, longer distances can be measured with higher resolution.
  • the auxiliary measuring means may be a conventional distance measuring tool such as a tape measure.
  • the auxiliary measuring means that can be used up to 1.5 m should be able to produce measurements of less than 1.5 m error, which may be sufficient as a commonly used tape measure.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a case in which a mirror is omitted in a distance measuring device using real-time synthesized wave determination based on free running femtosecond laser according to an embodiment of the present invention. Comparing FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, it can be seen that the mirror positioned at the measurement target is omitted and replaced by the photodetector 150 for measurement.
  • the laser light is emitted from the free running femtosecond laser light source 110, and the laser light emitted from the free running femtosecond laser light source 110 is incident to the reference photodetector 130 by the light splitter 120. It is separated into the measurement light incident on the measuring photodetector 150. After the reference light is incident on the reference photodetector 130 and the measurement light is incident on the measurement photodetector 150, signals detected by the photodetectors are input to the phase measuring unit 230.
  • the phase measuring unit 230 mixes the detected reference light and the measurement light with the high frequency signal, respectively, and passes the mixed reference light and the mixed measurement light through the low pass filter to extract the reference synthesized wave and the measured synthesized wave, respectively.
  • the phase measurer 230 measures a phase difference between the synthesized reference light (ie, the reference synthesized wave) and the synthesized measurement light (ie, the measured synthesized wave), and the frequency measurer 220 measures the free running femtosecond laser in real time. While measuring the repetition rate, determine the order of the synthesized wave to be extracted.
  • the phase measurer 230 inputs the phase difference to the distance calculator 300
  • the frequency measurer 220 inputs the repetition rate and the order of the summation wave to the distance calculator 300.
  • the distance calculator 300 may calculate distance information between the optical splitter 120 and the measurement target from the repetition rate, the phase difference, and the order of the synthesized wave.
  • the distance calculation unit 300 calculates the distance information as follows: This can be used.
  • Is distance information determined by the difference in the optical path between the reference photodetector 130 and the measurement photodetector 150, Is a free running femtosecond laser Wavelength of difference wave, silver An integer value that, when multiplied by, produces the largest value that does not exceed the distance information, Is selected Synthesized Wave of Differential Reference Light and Selected Phase difference of the synthesized wave of the difference measurement light, Is the speed of light in the atmosphere ( speed of light in vacuum / refractive index of air), Is the repetition rate of the free running femtosecond laser.
  • Equation used in calculating distance information Except that, in the embodiment shown in FIG. The determination and the overall operation of the distance measuring apparatus corresponds to that described above with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram when an optical coupler 160 is added to a distance measuring apparatus using real-time synthesized wave determination based on free running femtosecond laser according to an embodiment of the present invention. Comparing FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, it can be seen that the optocoupler 160 is disposed between the free running femtosecond laser light source 110 and the light splitter 120.
  • the arrangement of the optical coupler 160 is to prevent an error caused by mixing the reference light and the measurement light by preventing the reference light and the measurement light from mixing with each other.
  • the optical coupler 160 is added in the distance measuring device using the free-running femtosecond laser-based real-time synthesized wave determination according to the embodiment of FIG. 3, the equations used in calculating distance information and synthesis Order of the wave and Determination and the overall operation of the distance measuring device is the same as the embodiment described above with reference to Figure 1, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the operation principle of the distance measuring device shown in FIG. 4 is the same as that of the distance measuring device shown in FIG. 2, it may be sufficient to extend the above description of the distance measuring device shown in FIG. 2 to a plurality of measurement targets.
  • the multi-channel splitter 121 and Distance information of the first measurement target ( ) In the multi-channel phase measurement unit 231 The phase difference between the synthesized wave of the reference light and the synthesized wave of the measured light ), Such as Subscripts may be added to indicate that the variable is related to the first measurement target.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de mesure de distance à l'aide d'une détermination en temps réel à laser femtoseconde relaxé d'une onde synthétique, qui est capable de mesurer une longue distance avec une résolution élevée par mesure en temps réel de la longueur d'onde et de la phase d'une onde synthétique à longue longueur d'onde générée en raison de l'interférence entre les modes de fréquence dans un laser femtoseconde relaxé. Dans le dispositif de mesure de distance selon la présente invention, une source de lumière de laser femtoseconde relaxé émet une lumière laser ; un dispositif de division de lumière divise la lumière laser émise à partir de la source de lumière de laser femtoseconde relaxé en une lumière de référence et en une lumière de mesure réfléchie par une cible de mesure ; un détecteur de lumière de référence et un détecteur de lumière de mesure détectent respectivement la lumière de référence et la lumière de mesure, et convertissent respectivement la lumière de référence et la lumière de mesure en signaux électriques ; une unité de mesure de fréquence mesure la fréquence de répétition du laser femtoseconde relaxé et détermine également le degré de l'onde synthétique à extraire ; une unité de mesure de phase synthétise respectivement la lumière de référence et la lumière de mesure détectées avec un signal haute fréquence, et mesure une différence de phase entre la lumière de référence synthétisée et la lumière de mesure synthétisée ; et une unité de calcul de distance calcule des informations concernant une distance entre le dispositif de division de lumière et la cible de mesure à l'aide de la fréquence de répétition, du degré de l'onde synthétique et de la différence de phase.
PCT/KR2016/005028 2015-05-15 2016-05-12 Dispositif de mesure de distance à l'aide d'une détermination en temps réel à laser femtoseconde relaxé d'onde synthétique WO2016186377A1 (fr)

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KR101975407B1 (ko) * 2017-05-22 2019-05-07 한국기계연구원 거리 측정 시스템 및 이를 이용한 거리 측정 방법
KR102084915B1 (ko) * 2020-01-17 2020-03-05 국방과학연구소 광신호 분할 처리 장치 및 이를 포함하는 표적 추적 시스템

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CN109343031B (zh) * 2018-09-14 2021-04-02 上海无线电设备研究所 一种用于空间绝对距离测量的双飞秒光梳稳频***

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