WO2016185960A1 - Antibacterial coating film, article provided with same, method for forming antibacterial coating film, and coating liquid for forming antibacterial coating film - Google Patents

Antibacterial coating film, article provided with same, method for forming antibacterial coating film, and coating liquid for forming antibacterial coating film Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016185960A1
WO2016185960A1 PCT/JP2016/063978 JP2016063978W WO2016185960A1 WO 2016185960 A1 WO2016185960 A1 WO 2016185960A1 JP 2016063978 W JP2016063978 W JP 2016063978W WO 2016185960 A1 WO2016185960 A1 WO 2016185960A1
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Prior art keywords
antibacterial
coating
metal particles
mass
silica
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PCT/JP2016/063978
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
吉田 育弘
義則 山本
啓三 福原
圭吾 岡島
郁子 西東
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三菱電機株式会社
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Priority to JP2016564115A priority Critical patent/JP6138380B2/en
Publication of WO2016185960A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016185960A1/en

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D1/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D201/00Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/14Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides or pesticides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40Additives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antibacterial coating capable of imparting antibacterial and antifungal properties to the surface of an article, an article having the antibacterial coating formed on the surface of a substrate, a method for forming the antibacterial coating, and antibacterial coating formation It is related with the coating liquid for use.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an antibacterial coating composition mainly composed of a product obtained by reaction of colloidal silica and an organosilicon compound and an antibacterial compound.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a zeolite particle-containing polymer comprising a zeolite solid particle carrying an antibacterial metal ion and an organic polymer, which is used as an antibacterial paint or coating. It is described that it can be used.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses an antibacterial powder in which inorganic oxide fine particles containing an antibacterial metal component are supported on a scaly substrate and can be used for a paint or a resin film. Has been.
  • the antibacterial action is exhibited by the sustained release of the antibacterial compound from the coating.
  • the antibacterial compound is gradually dissolved and lost, and the effect is gradually lost. Therefore, attempts have been made to devise the material of the coating so that the antibacterial action lasts longer.
  • antibacterial agents or antifungal agents contained in the coating include various organic agents and inorganic agents that release metal ions.
  • An inorganic drug that releases metal ions can provide an antibacterial action over a relatively long period of time because an effect is obtained even at a low concentration. Nevertheless, there was a limit to the durability of the antibacterial action when the coating was frequently exposed to water or when water washing was performed.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and has an antibacterial coating that can release a moderate amount of an antibacterial agent over a long period of time even when exposed to water without losing strength and appearance.
  • the purpose is to provide.
  • the present invention is selected from the group consisting of massive metal particles having an average particle size of 0.3 ⁇ m or more and 25 ⁇ m or less, and scale-like metal particles having a thickness of 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less and an aspect ratio of 5 or more and 200 or less.
  • metal particles and scaly silica having a thickness of 0.0005 ⁇ m or more and 0.5 ⁇ m or less and an aspect ratio of 10 or more and 5000 or less, the metal particles and the scaly silica in total,
  • the metal particles are present in an amount of 50% by mass or more with respect to the antibacterial coating, the metal particles are present in an amount of 2% by mass to 50% by mass with respect to the scaly silica, and the metal particles are laminated.
  • the antibacterial coating is characterized by being embedded in the scaly silica.
  • an antibacterial coating that can release a moderate amount of an antibacterial agent over a long period of time even when exposed to water without losing strength and appearance.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antibacterial coating according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a schematic cross section of the antibacterial film by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a schematic cross section of the antibacterial film by Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a schematic cross section of the antibacterial film by Embodiment 4 of this invention.
  • Embodiment 1 FIG.
  • the antibacterial coating according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is a massive metal particle having an average particle size of 0.3 ⁇ m or more and 25 ⁇ m or less, and a scale-like shape having a thickness of 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less and an aspect ratio of 5 or more and 200 or less.
  • the total amount of silica is present in an amount of 50% by mass or more based on the antibacterial coating, the metal particles are present in an amount of 2% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less based on the scaly silica, and the metal particles are , Embedded in the laminated scale-like silica.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antibacterial film according to the first embodiment.
  • an antibacterial coating 10 containing scaly silica 2 and metal particles 3 is formed on the surface of a substrate 1, and the metal particles 3 are embedded in the laminated scaly silica 2 ( The scale-like silica 2 wraps the metal particles 3), and the scale-like silica 2 is oriented in the surface direction of the substrate 1 except in the vicinity of the metal particles 3. Since the scaly silica 2 has flat structures attached to each other and forms a strong structure, cracks and the like are unlikely to occur, and the scale-like silica 2 does not peel even when exposed to water.
  • the antibacterial coating 10 When the antibacterial coating 10 is exposed to water, metal ions are gradually released from the metal particles 3 little by little.
  • the sustained release path of the metal ions is very long due to the influence of the accumulation of the scaly silica 2, and the sustained release rate is moderately suppressed.
  • the metal particles 3 are present in the strong structure of the scaly silica 2, even if the volume of the metal particles 3 is reduced due to the sustained release of metal ions or the volume of the metal particles 3 is increased by oxidation, The effect that the deterioration of the antibacterial coating 10 and the change in the sustained release property hardly occur can be obtained.
  • the antibacterial film 10 according to Embodiment 1 is composed of the scaly silica 2 and the metal particles 3, the resin coloring by the metal ions is more effective than the conventional film mainly composed of a resin and added with metal particles. Problems and coating breakage can be avoided. Further, in such a conventional coating, there is a problem that metal ions are not easily released from the metal particles not exposed on the surface. However, in the antibacterial coating 10 according to the first embodiment, the laminated scale-like silica is used. Such a problem can be avoided because the space between the two is a metal ion sustained release route.
  • the metal particles 3 may be any metal particles that can release metal ions having antibacterial action in water, such as copper, silver, nickel, cobalt, tin, or an alloy containing at least one of these, such as brass, bronze, white copper, Examples include red bronze, red copper, western white, chrome copper, and phosphor bronze. Among these, copper, silver, or an alloy containing at least one of these is preferable from the viewpoint of high antibacterial and antifungal properties and high safety to the human body.
  • the metal particles 3 are massive metal particles, scaly metal particles, or a mixture thereof.
  • the lump shape is a spherical shape, a spheroid, an oval shape, a plate shape, a needle shape, or a combination or a mixture thereof.
  • the metal particles 3 are required to have an average particle size of 0.3 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m, and preferably have an average particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m to 12 ⁇ m. .
  • the average particle size of the massive metal particles is less than 0.3 ⁇ m, the surface area increases, and the flaky silica 2 is not disposed so as to wrap the massive metal particles, and is sandwiched between narrow gaps between the flaky silica 2.
  • the sustained release rate of metal ions becomes larger than necessary.
  • the average particle size of the massive metal particles exceeds 25 ⁇ m, it becomes difficult for the scaly silica 2 to wrap around the massive metal particles. For this reason, cracks are likely to occur in the coating, and it becomes difficult for the bulk metal particles to fall off or to maintain a moderate release rate of metal ions.
  • the average particle size is a value measured by a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device.
  • the metal particle 3 is a scale-like metal particle, the feature cannot be grasped by the particle diameter approximated to a sphere obtained by the above-mentioned laser diffraction type particle size distribution measuring apparatus.
  • the shape of the scaly metal particles must be grasped by direct observation of the particle shape with a microscope or other methods.
  • the scaly metal particles must have a thickness of 0.01 to 5 ⁇ m and an aspect ratio (longest diameter / thickness) of 5 to 200, and a thickness of 0.05 to 3 ⁇ m. And an aspect ratio of 10 or more and 100 or less. When the thickness of the scaly metal particles is less than 0.01 ⁇ m, it becomes difficult to release metal ions over a long period of time.
  • the thickness of the scale-like metal particles exceeds 5 ⁇ m, defects are likely to occur in the coating. Moreover, the effect by using a scale-like metal particle is not recognized as the aspect-ratio of a scale-like metal particle is less than 5.
  • the reflection of light by the coating increases as the aspect ratio of the scale-like metal particles increases, and the reflection of light by the coating decreases as the scale-like metal particles dissolve. If the aspect ratio of the scale-like metal particles exceeds 200, the above-described change in light reflection becomes too large, which is not preferable. Conversely, this phenomenon can be actively used as an index of antibacterial and antifungal properties.
  • the scale-like metal particles and the scale-like silica are in a state of being laminated, and defects such as cracks and voids are hardly formed in the antibacterial coating 10, Metal ions can be released stably and stably.
  • the scaly silica 2 needs to have a thickness of 0.0005 ⁇ m to 0.5 ⁇ m and an aspect ratio of 10 to 5000, and a thickness of 0.01 ⁇ m to 0.3 ⁇ m and 20 to 3000. It is preferable to have the following aspect ratio (longest diameter / thickness).
  • the thickness of the scaly silica 2 is less than 0.0005 ⁇ m, it becomes difficult to prepare a coating solution for forming a film.
  • the thickness of the scaly silica 2 exceeds 0.5 ⁇ m, sufficient film strength cannot be obtained.
  • the flaky silica 2 when the aspect ratio of the flaky silica 2 is less than 10, the flaky silica 2 cannot be disposed so as to wrap the metal particles 3, and the metal ions cannot be stably and gradually released.
  • the aspect ratio of the scaly silica 2 exceeds 5000, the metal ions cannot be stably released in a stable manner as in the case of less than 10.
  • the antibacterial coating 10 needs to contain 50% by mass or more of the metal particles 3 and the scaly silica 2 in total.
  • the total amount of the metal particles 3 and the flaky silica 2 is less than 50% by mass, a lot of components (for example, resin components) other than the metal particles 3 and the flaky silica 2 are contained. It becomes difficult to be embedded in the silica gel 2 and it is difficult to obtain an appropriate sustained release rate of metal ions.
  • the metal particles 3 are required to be contained in an amount of 2% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, and preferably 5% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less with respect to the scaly silica 2. . If the amount of the metal particles 3 is less than 2% by mass, sufficient antibacterial and antifungal properties cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the amount of the metal particles 3 exceeds 50% by mass, the physical strength of the coating is lowered.
  • the mass ratio here is a value in the case where both the metal particles 3 and the scaly silica 2 are measured by sufficiently drying at 100 ° C.
  • the antibacterial coating 10 can be formed by applying a coating solution for forming an antibacterial coating containing the metal particles 3, the scaly silica 2 and a solvent to the substrate 1 and then drying it.
  • the solvent include water, alcohols such as ethanol and 2-propanol, ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, esters such as ethyl acetate, diglymes, 2-methylpyrrolidinone, acetic acid, dimethyl sulfoxide, N, N-dimethylformamide, Various solvents used for coating materials such as N, N-dimethylacetamide, acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran, or a mixture thereof can be used.
  • water is preferable from the viewpoint of high safety and low cost.
  • a high-boiling polar solvent such as 2-methylpyrrolidinone and dimethyl sulfoxide in a ratio of 1% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less with water contained in the coating solution.
  • the substrate 1 especially a plastic substrate
  • the applicability of the material to the surface can be improved, and the strength of the resulting film can be improved. This is considered to be because these polar solvents remain at the end during drying, so that the scaly silicas 2 or the scaly silicas 2 and the substrate 1 are easily disposed so as to be in close contact with each other.
  • the concentration of the flaky silica 2 in the coating solution is preferably 0.2% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less with respect to the coating solution. .
  • concentration of the scaly silica 2 is less than 0.2% by mass, the resulting antibacterial coating 10 is often too thin. Even when the coating solution is repeatedly applied, the metal particles 3 may not be uniformly distributed in the antibacterial coating 10, which is not preferable.
  • the concentration of the scaly silica 2 exceeds 40% by mass, the viscosity of the coating solution is excessively increased, and stirring and coating may become difficult.
  • the concentration of the metal particles 3 in the coating solution is as follows.
  • the amount is 2% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, and preferably 5% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less with respect to the scaly silica 2.
  • additives such as a surfactant and a flocculant may be added to the coating solution.
  • the surfactant By adding the surfactant, the familiarity between the coating solution and the substrate 1 is improved, the coating property is improved, and the strength of the obtained antibacterial coating 10 can be improved.
  • the aggregating agent in addition to general materials such as polyaluminum chloride, nonionic surfactants and the like have an aggregating action, and these can be used.
  • By adding a small amount of flocculant to the coating liquid it is possible to suppress the separation of the coating liquid and to control the flow of the coating liquid on the substrate 1, thereby improving the handling of the coating liquid. can do. Further, there is an effect that defects such as cracks are hardly generated in the antibacterial coating 10.
  • the appropriate amount of flocculant is difficult to define clearly because it varies depending on the material, but it can be determined by turbidity as one measure. A good effect is obtained when the turbidity after the addition is in the range of 1.2 to 2 times the turbidity before the addition of the flocculant. If the addition amount is less than 1.2 times, the liquid tends to settle down, and the effect of improving the coatability is hardly recognized. On the other hand, when the addition amount is more than twice, the film quality of the obtained antibacterial coating 10 is deteriorated, and the metal particles 3 are dropped off and the metal ions are eluted.
  • Application of the coating liquid to the substrate 1 can be performed by a general method such as spray coating, brush coating, bar coater, pouring and the like.
  • spray coating is preferable because it can be applied to the substrate 1 having various shapes and is simple. Drying after application may be performed at room temperature, but effects of removing the residual solvent and curing the antibacterial coating 10 can be obtained by heating with infrared rays or warm air.
  • the base material 1 on which the antibacterial coating 10 is formed is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the type of article that requires antibacterial and antifungal properties.
  • the substrate 1 include metal substrates such as aluminum and stainless steel, glass substrates, and plastic substrates.
  • the film thickness of the antibacterial coating 10 may be appropriately set according to the type of the article that requires antibacterial and antifungal properties, but is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, preferably 0.3 ⁇ m. More preferably, it is 100 ⁇ m or less. If the film thickness is less than 0.1 ⁇ m, the amount of the coating film present on the surface of the article is too small, and the antibacterial property is not sufficient, or the antibacterial property is easily lost due to washing or friction. On the other hand, a film thickness exceeding 500 ⁇ m is not preferable because coloring due to the coating increases and peeling or dropping of coating components easily occurs.
  • Embodiment 1 it is possible to provide an antibacterial coating that can release a moderate amount of metal ions over a long period of time even when exposed to water without losing strength and appearance.
  • this antibacterial coating on the surface of a substrate, an article that can exhibit antibacterial and antifungal properties over a long period of time even when exposed to water without impairing the appearance of the article is provided. be able to.
  • FIG. The antibacterial coating according to the second embodiment of the present invention is a massive metal particle having an average particle size of 0.3 ⁇ m or more and 25 ⁇ m or less, a scale shape having a thickness of 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less, and an aspect ratio of 5 or more and 200 or less.
  • Metal comprising at least one metal particle selected from the group consisting of metal particles, flaky silica having a thickness of 0.0005 ⁇ m to 0.5 ⁇ m and an aspect ratio of 10 to 5000, and a resin component
  • the particles and the flaky silica are present in a total amount of 50% by mass or more with respect to the antibacterial coating, and the metal particles are present in an amount of 2% by mass to 50% by mass with respect to the flaky silica,
  • the resin component is present in an amount of less than 50% by mass with respect to the antibacterial coating, and the metal particles are embedded in the laminated flaky silica.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antibacterial film according to the second embodiment.
  • an antibacterial coating 20 containing scaly silica 2, metal particles 3, and a resin component 4 is formed on the surface of a substrate 1, and the resin component 4 is a gap between the laminated scaly silicas 2.
  • the metal particles 3 are embedded in the laminated scale-like silica 2 (a state in which the scale-like silica 2 wraps the metal particles 3), and the scale-like silica 2 is in a state of being oriented in the surface direction of the substrate 1 except in the vicinity of the metal particles 3.
  • the resin component 4 By including the resin component 4 in the antibacterial coating 20, the effect of improving the adhesion to the substrate 1 (particularly a plastic substrate) or improving the wear resistance of the antibacterial coating 20 is obtained. This is because the resin component 4 becomes a binder between the scaly silica 2 and the base material 1 or the resin component 4 becomes a binder between the scaly silicas 2 and easily undergoes elastic deformation when subjected to strong deformation pressure due to friction or the like. It is thought that it is to become.
  • Resin component 4 needs to be contained in an amount of less than 50% by mass with respect to antibacterial coating 20, and is preferably contained in an amount of 1.0% by mass or more and less than 50% by mass. If the resin component 4 is less than 50% by mass, the sustained release of metal ions through the gaps between the flaky silica 2 is not hindered, and the metal ions can be stably and stably released as in the first embodiment. In addition, the antibacterial coating 20 is less likely to deteriorate. In addition, the resin component 4 is easily deteriorated by metal ions, but if the resin component 4 is less than 50% by mass, the film physical properties are hardly deteriorated by the metal ions.
  • the resin component 4 when the resin component 4 is contained in a trace amount, specifically 1.0% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less, the resin component 4 is interposed between the flaky silica 2 and the gap between the flaky silica 2 is appropriately widened. The effect of promoting the sustained release of metal ions is obtained.
  • the resin component 4 when the resin component 4 is 50% by mass or more, it becomes difficult to obtain an appropriate sustained release rate of metal ions. That is, when there are too many resin components 4, it becomes difficult to arrange
  • Resin component 4 includes polyolefin resin, urethane resin, acrylic resin, silicone, fluorine resin, and the like. From the viewpoint of good handling properties at the time of application or immediately after application, it is preferable to use an emulsion containing these at least one resin and a dispersion in which these at least one resin is dispersed in water.
  • the antibacterial coating 20 can be formed by applying a coating liquid for forming an antibacterial coating containing the metal particles 3, the scaly silica 2, the resin component 4 and a solvent to the substrate 1 and then drying.
  • the coating solution containing the resin component 4 is preferably dried by heating from the viewpoint of improving the strength of the coating. Preferable drying conditions are 40 ° C. or more and 150 ° C. or less and 1 minute or more and 60 minutes or less.
  • the coating liquid preparation method and the coating method the same method as in the first embodiment can be applied.
  • the coating liquid containing the resin component 4 tends to have a large viscosity and the antibacterial coating 20 is easily formed thick. It is preferable to adjust the concentration of each component in the coating solution.
  • the solid content in the coating solution is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less. If the solid content is less than 0.1% by mass, the resulting antibacterial coating 20 is likely to be thin, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the solid content exceeds 30% by mass, the viscosity of the coating solution is excessively increased, and the resulting antibacterial coating 20 tends to be thick, which is not preferable.
  • solid content here is a value calculated
  • the metal particles 3 to be used, the scaly silica 2, the substrate 1, the solvent, the preferable film thickness of the antibacterial coating 20, and the like are as described in the first embodiment. Description is omitted.
  • Embodiment 3 FIG.
  • the antibacterial film according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention has a thickness of 0.0005 ⁇ m to 0.5 ⁇ m and an aspect ratio of 10 to 5000 so as to cover the antibacterial film of Embodiment 1 or 2. It is characterized in that an overcoat layer made of glassy silica is formed.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antibacterial film according to the third embodiment.
  • the antibacterial coating 10 according to the first embodiment including the flaky silica 2 and the metal particles 3 is formed on the surface of the substrate 1, and the top coat layer 5 made of the flaky silica 2 is formed on the surface layer. Further, the antibacterial coating 30 is formed and integrated.
  • the topcoat layer 5 By forming the topcoat layer 5, the effect that the unevenness
  • a convex portion exists on the surface layer of the antibacterial coating 10 a force acts locally when the surface layer is rubbed, and the antibacterial coating 10 is easily destroyed.
  • the metal particles 3 are exposed and detached, and the metal ions cannot be stably and gradually released.
  • the topcoat layer 5 is superior in strength to the antibacterial coating 10, the wear resistance is further improved.
  • the overcoat layer 5 can be formed by applying a coating solution in which the scaly silica 2 is dispersed in a solvent and then drying.
  • the coating liquid can be applied any time after the coating liquid for forming the antibacterial coating 10 is applied to the substrate and the solvent is evaporated.
  • the antibacterial coating 10 is to be cured, it is preferable to perform heating or the like after forming the topcoat layer 5.
  • a boundary portion having low adhesion may be formed between the antibacterial coating 10 and the topcoat layer 5 and peeling or the like may occur. .
  • the scaly silica 2 and the solvent of the coating solution for forming the overcoat layer 5 those similar to those exemplified in Embodiment 1 can be used.
  • the concentration of the scaly silica 2 in the coating solution is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.2% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less.
  • concentration of the scaly silica 2 is less than 0.1% by mass, the film thickness of the overcoat layer 5 becomes too thin and the effect cannot be obtained.
  • the concentration of the scaly silica 2 exceeds 25% by mass, the film thickness of the overcoat layer 5 becomes too thick, and the sustained release of metal ions may be inhibited.
  • the thickness of the overcoat layer 5 is preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 1 ⁇ m or less, from the viewpoint of improving the wear resistance without inhibiting the sustained release of metal ions. preferable.
  • FIG. 3 demonstrated the case where the topcoat layer 5 was formed so that the antibacterial film 10 by Embodiment 1 might be covered, the topcoat layer 5 was covered so that the antibacterial film 20 by Embodiment 2 might be covered. Even if formed, the same effect can be obtained.
  • Embodiment 4 FIG.
  • the antibacterial coating according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention has a resin component, a thickness of 0.0005 ⁇ m or more and 0.5 ⁇ m or less, and 10 between the antibacterial coating of any of Embodiments 1 to 3 and the substrate.
  • An undercoat layer made of scaly silica having an aspect ratio of 5,000 or less is formed.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antibacterial film according to the fourth embodiment.
  • an undercoat layer 6 made of a resin component 4 and scaly silica 2 is formed on the surface of a substrate 1, and the antibacterial properties according to Embodiment 1 including scaly silica 2 and metal particles 3 thereon.
  • a coating 10 is formed and integrated to form an antibacterial coating 40.
  • the antibacterial coating 10 may be peeled off at the interface. By forming the undercoat layer 6 between the antibacterial coating 10 and the substrate 1, such peeling can be suppressed.
  • the undercoat layer 6 can be formed by applying a coating solution containing the scaly silica 2, the resin component 4 and the solvent to the substrate 1 and then drying. The same method as in Embodiments 1 and 2 can be applied to the coating liquid preparation method and the coating method.
  • the same ones as exemplified in Embodiment 1 can be used.
  • the resin component 4 of the coating solution for forming the undercoat layer 6 the same ones as exemplified in Embodiment 2 can be used.
  • the concentration of the resin component 4 in the coating solution is preferably 0.5 to 10 times the mass of the scaly silica 2, more preferably 1 to 3 times. If the concentration of the resin component 4 is less than 0.5 times, the effect of improving the adhesion between the undercoat layer 6 and the substrate 1 cannot be sufficiently obtained.
  • the concentration of the resin component 4 exceeds 10 times, the adhesion between the undercoat layer 6 and the antibacterial coating 10 is often not sufficient, which is not preferable. If the concentration of the resin component 4 in the coating solution is within the above range, the undercoat layer 6 exhibits high affinity for both the base material 1 and the antibacterial coating 10, and the adhesion as a whole coating, and thus the coating The strength of can be improved.
  • the mass here is a measured value in a state sufficiently dried at 120 ° C.
  • the undercoat layer 6 may change the color tone or the like of the substrate surface. Therefore, it is preferable that the undercoat layer 6 have a minimum necessary thickness for obtaining the effect, and the thickness is 0.1 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness is preferably 5 ⁇ m or less and more preferably 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less.
  • FIG. 4 demonstrated the case where the undercoat layer 6 which consists of the resin component 4 and the scale-like silica 2 was formed between the antibacterial film 10 by Embodiment 1, and the base material 1, Embodiment An undercoat layer 6 composed of the resin component 4 and the scaly silica 2 is formed between the antibacterial coating 20 according to 2 and the substrate 1 or between the antibacterial coating 30 according to Embodiment 3 and the substrate 1. The same effect can be obtained.
  • This aqueous dispersion was applied onto a glass plate by spraying and sufficiently dried at room temperature to form an antibacterial coating having a thickness of about 0.8 ⁇ m on the glass plate (scale-like silver particles and scale-like silica and Are present in an amount of 100% by mass with respect to the antibacterial coating, and the flaky silver particles are present in an amount of 40% by mass with respect to the flaky silica).
  • This sample was exposed to running water at room temperature for 3 days and then subjected to an antifungal test according to JIS Z 2911. Moreover, the change of the external appearance before and after water washing was evaluated visually. These results are shown in Table 1. The antifungal test was evaluated according to the following criteria.
  • Example 3 In the same manner as in Example 1 except that massive copper particles (CUP-030 manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.) having an average particle diameter of 0.4 ⁇ m were used instead of the scaly silver particles, the thickness was increased on the glass plate. An antibacterial coating having a thickness of about 1.2 ⁇ m was formed (copper particles and scaly silica were present in a total amount of 100% by mass with respect to the antibacterial coating, and the copper particles were 40% by mass with respect to the scaly silica. Present in the amount of). This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 2 A coating having a thickness of about 0.3 ⁇ m was formed on the glass plate in the same manner as in Example 1 except that colloidal silica (average particle size: 12 nm), which is spherical silica, was used instead of scaly silica. This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 3 A coating having a thickness of about 0.6 ⁇ m on the glass plate was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that spherical silver particles (Sigma-Aldrich) having an average particle diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m were used instead of the scaly silver particles. Formed. This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 4 After forming an antibacterial coating in the same manner as in Example 3, the nonwoven fabric was pressed against the coating surface at a load of 80 g / cm 2 and rubbed 10 times. This sample was exposed to running water at room temperature for 3 days and then subjected to an antifungal test according to JIS Z 2911. Further, the change in appearance before and after friction was visually evaluated. These results are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 6 A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that instead of forming the antibacterial film of Example 1, the antibacterial film of Example 2 was formed. This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 7 A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the antibacterial film of Example 3 was formed instead of forming the antibacterial film of Example 1. This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 4 in which no overcoat layer was formed, the coating was worn after the friction test, the white turbidity was slightly reduced, and the antifungal property was also deteriorated.
  • Example 8 since the overcoat layer made of scaly silica was formed, the wear resistance was good, but the film thickness of the overcoat layer was thick, and thus the antifungal property was equivalent to that of Example 4.
  • Example 5 to 7 since the overcoat layer having an appropriate film thickness was formed, the wear resistance was improved and the deterioration of the antifungal property was also suppressed.
  • This aqueous dispersion was applied onto a glass plate by spraying and dried by heating at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes to form an antibacterial film having a thickness of about 1.5 ⁇ m on the glass plate (lumped copper particles and scaly silica. Are present in an amount of about 58% by mass relative to the antibacterial coating, and massive copper particles are present in an amount of 40% by mass relative to the scaly silica).
  • the nonwoven fabric was pressed against the coating surface with a load of 80 g / cm 2 and rubbed 10 times. This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 3.
  • scaly silica (Sun Green (registered trademark) LFS-150 manufactured by AGC S-Tech Co., Ltd.) is 2.5% by mass
  • polyurethane emulsion TKA-100 manufactured by Tokushiki Co., Ltd.) is 2.5% by mass.
  • % Aqueous dispersion was prepared. This aqueous dispersion was applied on a glass plate by spraying and dried by heating at 100 ° C.
  • This aqueous dispersion was applied onto a glass plate by spraying and dried by heating at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes to form an antibacterial film having a thickness of about 1.2 ⁇ m on the glass plate (lumped copper particles and scaly silica. Are present in an amount of about 47% by mass with respect to the antibacterial coating, and massive copper particles are present in an amount of 40% by mass with respect to the flaky silica).
  • the nonwoven fabric was pressed against the coating surface with a load of 80 g / cm 2 and rubbed 10 times. This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 3.
  • ⁇ Comparative Example 6> Lumped copper particles having an average particle diameter of about 50 ⁇ m (manufactured by Kojundo Chemical Laboratory Co., Ltd.) 1.0 mass%, thickness of about 0.1 ⁇ m and longest diameter of about 1.5 ⁇ m (aspect ratio about 15) Scale-like silica (Sun Green (registered trademark) LFS-150 manufactured by AGC S-Tech Co., Ltd.), 5.0% by mass, modified polyolefin resin aqueous dispersion (Arrobase (registered trademark) SD-1010 manufactured by Unitika Ltd.) An aqueous dispersion containing 5.0% by mass in solid content was prepared.
  • This aqueous dispersion was applied on a glass plate by spraying and dried by heating at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes to form an antibacterial film having a thickness of about 5.0 ⁇ m on the glass plate (lumped copper particles and scaly silica. In total in an amount of about 55% by weight with respect to the antibacterial coating, and massive copper particles are present in an amount of 20% by weight with respect to the scaly silica).
  • the nonwoven fabric was pressed against the coating surface with a load of 80 g / cm 2 and rubbed 10 times. This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 3.
  • Example 9 and 10 the appearance of the coating did not change even after the friction test, and high wear resistance was obtained. From the comparison between Example 4 and Examples 9 and 10, it can be seen that the wear resistance is improved by the addition of the resin component. Furthermore, in Examples 9 and 10, it can be seen that high antifungal properties are maintained after the friction test. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 5, since the resin component was added in an amount of 50% by mass or more based on the coating film, the antifungal property was impaired. In Comparative Example 6, the massive copper particles dropped off in the friction test, and the antifungal property was not obtained. This is because the massive copper particles are large and easily fall off from the film.
  • Example 11 An aqueous dispersion similar to that in Example 9 was prepared. This aqueous dispersion was applied to the downstream half of the part (made of polystyrene) through which the condensed water flows of the enclosure of a room air conditioner (Mitsubishi Electric Kirigamine (registered trademark) MSZ-HM363) flowing at room temperature. It was sufficiently dried to form an antibacterial film having a thickness of about 1.5 ⁇ m.
  • the portion where the condensed water flows has a groove shape with a circular cross section, and receives the condensed water dripped from the heat exchanger, and a gradient is provided so that the condensed water flows from the upstream side toward the downstream side. It has been.
  • the reason why the antibacterial film is formed on the downstream side is that the condensed water flows through the part where the antibacterial film is formed after flowing through the part where the antibacterial film is not formed.
  • Room air conditioners were installed in general homes at A, B, and C, and air-conditioning operation was performed for three months in the summer (June 15 to September 15).
  • the portion where condensed water flows was measured using a spectrocolorimeter (CM-600d manufactured by Konica Minolta Co., Ltd.), and the color difference ⁇ E * ab from the unused product was determined. This ⁇ E * ab was used as an index of dirt.
  • Table 4 The results are shown in Table 4.
  • the portion where the antibacterial coating was formed was clearly less colored than the portion where the antibacterial coating was not formed.
  • dirt adhesion due to microbial propagation is intense, but it has been shown that it is suppressed by forming the antibacterial coating of the present invention.
  • Substrate 2 scaly silica, 3 metal particles, 4 resin components, 5 overcoat layer, 6 undercoat layer, 10, 20, 30, 40 antibacterial coating.

Abstract

An antibacterial coating film (10) which contains: at least one kind of metal particles (3) that are selected from the group consisting of bulk metal particles having an average particle diameter of from 0.3 μm to 25 μm (inclusive) and flake-like metal particles having a thickness of from 0.01 μm to 5 μm (inclusive) and an aspect ratio of from 5 to 200 (inclusive); and a flake-like silica (2) having a thickness of from 0.0005 μm to 0.5 μm (inclusive) and an aspect ratio of from 10 to 5,000 (inclusive). This antibacterial coating film (10) is characterized in that: the metal particles (3) and the flake-like silica (2) are present in an amount of 50% by mass or more in total relative to the antibacterial coating film (10); the metal particles (3) are present in an amount of from 2% by mass to 50% by mass (inclusive) relative to the flake-like silica (2); and the metal particles (3) are buried in a laminate of the flake-like silica (2).

Description

抗菌性被膜、それを備えた物品、抗菌性被膜の形成方法並びに抗菌性被膜形成用の塗布液Antibacterial coating, article provided therewith, method for forming antibacterial coating, and coating liquid for forming antibacterial coating
 本発明は、物品の表面に対して抗菌性及び抗かび性を付与できる抗菌性被膜、その抗菌性被膜が基材の表面に形成された物品、その抗菌性被膜の形成方法並びに抗菌性被膜形成用の塗布液に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an antibacterial coating capable of imparting antibacterial and antifungal properties to the surface of an article, an article having the antibacterial coating formed on the surface of a substrate, a method for forming the antibacterial coating, and antibacterial coating formation It is related with the coating liquid for use.
 物品に抗菌性あるいは抗かび性を付与する方法として、抗菌性あるいは抗かび性を有する被膜を形成する方法が、簡便であり且つ多様な物品を処理できるために好ましく用いられている。例えば、特許文献1には、コロイダルシリカと有機ケイ素化合物との反応で得られる生成物と、抗菌性化合物とを主成分とする抗菌性コーティング用組成物が開示されている。特許文献2には、抗菌作用を有する金属イオンを担持させたゼオライト系固体粒子と、有機高分子体とからなるゼオライト粒子含有高分子体について開示されており、それを抗菌性のペイント又はコーティングに使用できることが記載されている。また、特許文献3には、抗菌性金属成分を含む無機酸化物微粒子を鱗片状基材上に担持してなる抗菌性粉体が開示されており、それを塗料又は樹脂フィルムに使用できることが記載されている。 As a method for imparting antibacterial or antifungal properties to an article, a method of forming a film having antibacterial or antifungal properties is preferably used because it is simple and can treat various articles. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an antibacterial coating composition mainly composed of a product obtained by reaction of colloidal silica and an organosilicon compound and an antibacterial compound. Patent Document 2 discloses a zeolite particle-containing polymer comprising a zeolite solid particle carrying an antibacterial metal ion and an organic polymer, which is used as an antibacterial paint or coating. It is described that it can be used. Patent Document 3 discloses an antibacterial powder in which inorganic oxide fine particles containing an antibacterial metal component are supported on a scaly substrate and can be used for a paint or a resin film. Has been.
特開平7-126555号公報JP-A-7-126555 特開昭59-133235号公報JP 59-133235 A 特開2008-56590号公報JP 2008-56590 A
 従来の抗菌性被膜では、被膜中から抗菌性化合物が徐放されることで、抗菌作用が発現される。しかし、被膜が水に曝された場合、抗菌性化合物が徐々に溶出して失われ、その効果も徐々に失われてしまう。そのため、抗菌作用がより長く持続するように、被膜の材質を工夫することが試みられている。しかし、抗菌作用を発現させるためには、ある程度の抗菌剤の溶出が必要であるため、被膜中に含有できる抗菌剤の量により抗菌作用の持続性にも限界がある。 In the conventional antibacterial coating, the antibacterial action is exhibited by the sustained release of the antibacterial compound from the coating. However, when the film is exposed to water, the antibacterial compound is gradually dissolved and lost, and the effect is gradually lost. Therefore, attempts have been made to devise the material of the coating so that the antibacterial action lasts longer. However, in order to develop an antibacterial action, it is necessary to elute the antibacterial agent to some extent, and there is a limit to the durability of the antibacterial action depending on the amount of the antibacterial agent that can be contained in the coating.
 被膜中に含有される抗菌剤あるいは抗かび剤としては、各種の有機系薬剤、及び金属イオンを放出する無機系薬剤がある。金属イオンを放出する無機系薬剤は、低い添加濃度でも効果が得られるため、比較的長い期間にわたって抗菌作用を付与できる。それでも、被膜が水に頻繁に曝される場合や水洗浄が行われる場合は、抗菌作用の持続性に限界があった。一方で、抗菌作用の持続性を改善するために、無機系薬剤(金属化合物、金属など)の粒径を大きくしたり、添加量を多くしたりすると、被膜の強度及び外観が損なわれたり、徐放に伴う無機系薬剤の形状変化で被膜が劣化したり、また、添加量を多くした分だけ徐放される金属イオンが増えることになり、それによって金属イオンが無駄になったり、過剰な金属イオンにより被膜の着色や周辺部材の劣化を引き起こしたりという問題が生じる。 Examples of antibacterial agents or antifungal agents contained in the coating include various organic agents and inorganic agents that release metal ions. An inorganic drug that releases metal ions can provide an antibacterial action over a relatively long period of time because an effect is obtained even at a low concentration. Nevertheless, there was a limit to the durability of the antibacterial action when the coating was frequently exposed to water or when water washing was performed. On the other hand, in order to improve the sustainability of the antibacterial action, increasing the particle size of inorganic chemicals (metal compounds, metals, etc.) or increasing the amount added may impair the strength and appearance of the coating, The coating will deteriorate due to the shape change of the inorganic chemicals accompanying sustained release, and the amount of metal ions that will be released gradually will increase by the amount added, which will result in wasted metal ions and excessive There arises a problem that the metal ions cause coloration of the coating and deterioration of the peripheral members.
 本発明は、上記のような問題点を解決するためになされたものであり、強度及び外観を損なわず、水に曝されても長期間にわたり適度な量の抗菌剤を徐放できる抗菌性被膜を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and has an antibacterial coating that can release a moderate amount of an antibacterial agent over a long period of time even when exposed to water without losing strength and appearance. The purpose is to provide.
 本発明は、0.3μm以上25μm以下の平均粒径を有する塊状金属粒子並びに0.01μm以上5μm以下の厚さ及び5以上200以下のアスペクト比を有する鱗片状金属粒子からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の金属粒子と、0.0005μm以上0.5μm以下の厚さ及び10以上5000以下のアスペクト比を有する鱗片状シリカとを含み、前記金属粒子と前記鱗片状シリカとが合計で、前記抗菌性被膜に対して50質量%以上の量で存在し、前記金属粒子が、前記鱗片状シリカに対して2質量%以上50質量%以下の量で存在し、且つ前記金属粒子は、積層された前記鱗片状シリカの中に埋め込まれた状態であることを特徴とする抗菌性被膜である。 The present invention is selected from the group consisting of massive metal particles having an average particle size of 0.3 μm or more and 25 μm or less, and scale-like metal particles having a thickness of 0.01 μm or more and 5 μm or less and an aspect ratio of 5 or more and 200 or less. Including at least one kind of metal particles and scaly silica having a thickness of 0.0005 μm or more and 0.5 μm or less and an aspect ratio of 10 or more and 5000 or less, the metal particles and the scaly silica in total, The metal particles are present in an amount of 50% by mass or more with respect to the antibacterial coating, the metal particles are present in an amount of 2% by mass to 50% by mass with respect to the scaly silica, and the metal particles are laminated. The antibacterial coating is characterized by being embedded in the scaly silica.
 本発明によれば、強度及び外観を損なわず、水に曝されても長期間にわたり適度な量の抗菌剤を徐放できる抗菌性被膜を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an antibacterial coating that can release a moderate amount of an antibacterial agent over a long period of time even when exposed to water without losing strength and appearance.
本発明の実施の形態1による抗菌性被膜の模式断面図である。1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antibacterial coating according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 本発明の実施の形態2による抗菌性被膜の模式断面図である。It is a schematic cross section of the antibacterial film by Embodiment 2 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態3による抗菌性被膜の模式断面図である。It is a schematic cross section of the antibacterial film by Embodiment 3 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態4による抗菌性被膜の模式断面図である。It is a schematic cross section of the antibacterial film by Embodiment 4 of this invention.
 実施の形態1.
 本発明の実施の形態1による抗菌性被膜は、0.3μm以上25μm以下の平均粒径を有する塊状金属粒子並びに0.01μm以上5μm以下の厚さ及び5以上200以下のアスペクト比を有する鱗片状金属粒子からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の金属粒子と、0.0005μm以上0.5μm以下の厚さ及び10以上5000以下のアスペクト比を有する鱗片状シリカとを含み、金属粒子と鱗片状シリカとが合計で、抗菌性被膜に対して50質量%以上の量で存在し、金属粒子が、鱗片状シリカに対して2質量%以上50質量%以下の量で存在し、且つ金属粒子は、積層された鱗片状シリカの中に埋め込まれた状態であることを特徴とするものである。
Embodiment 1 FIG.
The antibacterial coating according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is a massive metal particle having an average particle size of 0.3 μm or more and 25 μm or less, and a scale-like shape having a thickness of 0.01 μm or more and 5 μm or less and an aspect ratio of 5 or more and 200 or less. Including at least one metal particle selected from the group consisting of metal particles and scaly silica having a thickness of 0.0005 μm to 0.5 μm and an aspect ratio of 10 to 5000, the metal particles and scaly The total amount of silica is present in an amount of 50% by mass or more based on the antibacterial coating, the metal particles are present in an amount of 2% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less based on the scaly silica, and the metal particles are , Embedded in the laminated scale-like silica.
 図1は、実施の形態1による抗菌性被膜の模式断面図である。図1において、基材1の表面に、鱗片状シリカ2と金属粒子3とを含む抗菌性被膜10が形成されており、金属粒子3は、積層された鱗片状シリカ2に埋め込まれた状態(鱗片状シリカ2が金属粒子3を包むような状態)となっており、鱗片状シリカ2は、金属粒子3近傍以外では基材1の面方向に配向した状態となっている。鱗片状シリカ2は、その平坦面同士が付着して強固な構造を形成しているために、クラック等が生じにくく、水に曝されても剥離しない。抗菌性被膜10が水に曝された場合、金属粒子3から僅かずつ金属イオンが徐放される。金属イオンの徐放経路は、鱗片状シリカ2の積み重なりの影響で、非常に長いものとなり、徐放速度が適度に抑制される。また、金属粒子3が鱗片状シリカ2の強固な構造中に存在しているために、金属イオンの徐放に伴う金属粒子3の体積減少あるいは酸化による金属粒子3の体積増加が起こっても、抗菌性被膜10の劣化及び徐放特性の変化が起こりにくいという効果が得られる。実施の形態1による抗菌性被膜10は、鱗片状シリカ2と金属粒子3とから構成されているため、樹脂を主成分とし金属粒子を添加した従来の被膜と比べて、金属イオンによる樹脂着色の問題や被膜の破壊を回避することができる。また、そのような従来の被膜では表面に露出していない金属粒子からは金属イオンの徐放が起こりにくいという問題が起こるが、実施の形態1による抗菌性被膜10では、積層された鱗片状シリカ2間が金属イオンの徐放経路となっているため、そのような問題が回避できる。 FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antibacterial film according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 1, an antibacterial coating 10 containing scaly silica 2 and metal particles 3 is formed on the surface of a substrate 1, and the metal particles 3 are embedded in the laminated scaly silica 2 ( The scale-like silica 2 wraps the metal particles 3), and the scale-like silica 2 is oriented in the surface direction of the substrate 1 except in the vicinity of the metal particles 3. Since the scaly silica 2 has flat structures attached to each other and forms a strong structure, cracks and the like are unlikely to occur, and the scale-like silica 2 does not peel even when exposed to water. When the antibacterial coating 10 is exposed to water, metal ions are gradually released from the metal particles 3 little by little. The sustained release path of the metal ions is very long due to the influence of the accumulation of the scaly silica 2, and the sustained release rate is moderately suppressed. Further, since the metal particles 3 are present in the strong structure of the scaly silica 2, even if the volume of the metal particles 3 is reduced due to the sustained release of metal ions or the volume of the metal particles 3 is increased by oxidation, The effect that the deterioration of the antibacterial coating 10 and the change in the sustained release property hardly occur can be obtained. Since the antibacterial film 10 according to Embodiment 1 is composed of the scaly silica 2 and the metal particles 3, the resin coloring by the metal ions is more effective than the conventional film mainly composed of a resin and added with metal particles. Problems and coating breakage can be avoided. Further, in such a conventional coating, there is a problem that metal ions are not easily released from the metal particles not exposed on the surface. However, in the antibacterial coating 10 according to the first embodiment, the laminated scale-like silica is used. Such a problem can be avoided because the space between the two is a metal ion sustained release route.
 金属粒子3としては、水中に抗菌作用を有する金属イオンを放出できるものであればよく、銅、銀、ニッケル、コバルト、スズ又はこれらの少なくとも1種を含む合金、例えば、黄銅、青銅、白銅、赤銅、丹銅、洋白、クロム銅、リン青銅等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、抗菌性及び抗かび性が高く且つ人体に対する安全性が高いという観点から、銅、銀又はこれらの少なくとも1種を含む合金が好ましい。 The metal particles 3 may be any metal particles that can release metal ions having antibacterial action in water, such as copper, silver, nickel, cobalt, tin, or an alloy containing at least one of these, such as brass, bronze, white copper, Examples include red bronze, red copper, western white, chrome copper, and phosphor bronze. Among these, copper, silver, or an alloy containing at least one of these is preferable from the viewpoint of high antibacterial and antifungal properties and high safety to the human body.
 金属粒子3は、塊状金属粒子、鱗片状金属粒子又はこれらの混合物である。なお、ここでの塊状とは、球状、回転楕円体、卵形、板状、針状のもの、あるいはこれらが、結合したり、混合したりしたものである。金属粒子3が塊状金属粒子である場合、0.3μm以上25μm以下の平均粒径を有するものであることが必要であり、0.5μm以上12μm以下の平均粒径を有するものであることが好ましい。塊状金属粒子の平均粒径が0.3μm未満であると、表面積が大きくなる上に、塊状金属粒子を包むように鱗片状シリカ2が配置せずに、鱗片状シリカ2間の狭い隙間に挟まれた状態や鱗片状シリカ2の凝集体の隙間に入り込んだ状態となりやすくなる。そのため、金属イオンの徐放速度が必要以上に大きくなる。一方、塊状金属粒子の平均粒径が25μmを超えると、鱗片状シリカ2が塊状金属粒子を包むような状態となりにくくなる。そのため、被膜にクラックが入りやすくなり、塊状金属粒子が脱落したり、金属イオンの徐放速度を適度に維持することが困難になる。なお、ここでの平均粒径とは、レーザ回折式粒子径分布測定装置により測定した値である。 The metal particles 3 are massive metal particles, scaly metal particles, or a mixture thereof. Here, the lump shape is a spherical shape, a spheroid, an oval shape, a plate shape, a needle shape, or a combination or a mixture thereof. When the metal particles 3 are massive metal particles, the metal particles 3 are required to have an average particle size of 0.3 μm to 25 μm, and preferably have an average particle size of 0.5 μm to 12 μm. . When the average particle size of the massive metal particles is less than 0.3 μm, the surface area increases, and the flaky silica 2 is not disposed so as to wrap the massive metal particles, and is sandwiched between narrow gaps between the flaky silica 2. It becomes easy to become the state which entered into the crevice state and the crevice between the aggregates of scale-like silica 2. Therefore, the sustained release rate of metal ions becomes larger than necessary. On the other hand, when the average particle size of the massive metal particles exceeds 25 μm, it becomes difficult for the scaly silica 2 to wrap around the massive metal particles. For this reason, cracks are likely to occur in the coating, and it becomes difficult for the bulk metal particles to fall off or to maintain a moderate release rate of metal ions. Here, the average particle size is a value measured by a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device.
 金属粒子3が鱗片状金属粒子である場合、上述のレーザ回折式粒子径分布測定装置で得られる球体に近似した粒子径ではその特徴を把握できない。鱗片状金属粒子の形状は、顕微鏡による粒子形状の直接観察やその他の方法で把握する必要がある。鱗片状金属粒子としては、0.01μm以上5μm以下の厚さと5以上200以下のアスペクト比(最長径/厚さ)とを有するものであることが必要であり、0.05μm以上3μm以下の厚さと10以上100以下のアスペクト比とを有するものであることが好ましい。鱗片状金属粒子の厚さが0.01μm未満であると、長期間にわたって金属イオンを徐放することが困難になる。一方、鱗片状金属粒子の厚さが5μmを超えると、被膜に欠陥が生じやすくなる。また、鱗片状金属粒子のアスペクト比が5未満であると、鱗片状金属粒子を用いることによる効果が認められない。抗菌性被膜10では、鱗片状金属粒子のアスペクト比が大きくなるに従い被膜による光の反射が強くなり、鱗片状金属粒子の溶解に従い被膜による光の反射が弱くなる。鱗片状金属粒子のアスペクト比が200を超えると、上記した光の反射の変化が大きくなり過ぎるので好ましくない。逆に、この現象を、抗菌性及び抗かび性の指標として積極的に利用することも可能である。
 金属粒子3として、上記した鱗片状金属粒子を用いることで、鱗片状金属粒子と鱗片状シリカとが積層するような状態となり、抗菌性被膜10にクラックやボイド等の欠陥が形成されにくくなり、金属イオンを安定して徐放することができる。
When the metal particle 3 is a scale-like metal particle, the feature cannot be grasped by the particle diameter approximated to a sphere obtained by the above-mentioned laser diffraction type particle size distribution measuring apparatus. The shape of the scaly metal particles must be grasped by direct observation of the particle shape with a microscope or other methods. The scaly metal particles must have a thickness of 0.01 to 5 μm and an aspect ratio (longest diameter / thickness) of 5 to 200, and a thickness of 0.05 to 3 μm. And an aspect ratio of 10 or more and 100 or less. When the thickness of the scaly metal particles is less than 0.01 μm, it becomes difficult to release metal ions over a long period of time. On the other hand, when the thickness of the scale-like metal particles exceeds 5 μm, defects are likely to occur in the coating. Moreover, the effect by using a scale-like metal particle is not recognized as the aspect-ratio of a scale-like metal particle is less than 5. In the antibacterial coating 10, the reflection of light by the coating increases as the aspect ratio of the scale-like metal particles increases, and the reflection of light by the coating decreases as the scale-like metal particles dissolve. If the aspect ratio of the scale-like metal particles exceeds 200, the above-described change in light reflection becomes too large, which is not preferable. Conversely, this phenomenon can be actively used as an index of antibacterial and antifungal properties.
By using the above scale-like metal particles as the metal particles 3, the scale-like metal particles and the scale-like silica are in a state of being laminated, and defects such as cracks and voids are hardly formed in the antibacterial coating 10, Metal ions can be released stably and stably.
 鱗片状シリカ2は、0.0005μm以上0.5μm以下の厚さと10以上5000以下のアスペクト比とを有するものであることが必要であり、0.01μm以上0.3μm以下の厚さと20以上3000以下のアスペクト比(最長径/厚さ)とを有するものであることが好ましい。鱗片状シリカ2の厚さが0.0005μm未満であると、被膜形成のための塗布液の調合が困難になる。一方、鱗片状シリカ2の厚さが0.5μmを超えると、十分な被膜強度が得られない。また、鱗片状シリカ2のアスペクト比が10未満であると、鱗片状シリカ2が金属粒子3を包むように配置せずに、金属イオンを安定して徐放することができない。一方、鱗片状シリカ2のアスペクト比が5000を超えると、10未満の場合と同様に、金属イオンを安定して徐放することができない。 The scaly silica 2 needs to have a thickness of 0.0005 μm to 0.5 μm and an aspect ratio of 10 to 5000, and a thickness of 0.01 μm to 0.3 μm and 20 to 3000. It is preferable to have the following aspect ratio (longest diameter / thickness). When the thickness of the scaly silica 2 is less than 0.0005 μm, it becomes difficult to prepare a coating solution for forming a film. On the other hand, when the thickness of the scaly silica 2 exceeds 0.5 μm, sufficient film strength cannot be obtained. In addition, when the aspect ratio of the flaky silica 2 is less than 10, the flaky silica 2 cannot be disposed so as to wrap the metal particles 3, and the metal ions cannot be stably and gradually released. On the other hand, when the aspect ratio of the scaly silica 2 exceeds 5000, the metal ions cannot be stably released in a stable manner as in the case of less than 10.
 抗菌性被膜10には、金属粒子3と鱗片状シリカ2とが合計で50質量%以上含まれることが必要である。金属粒子3と鱗片状シリカ2とが合計で50質量%未満であると、金属粒子3及び鱗片状シリカ2以外の成分(例えば樹脂成分)が多く含まれるため、金属粒子3が積層された鱗片状シリカ2に埋め込まれた状態となりにくくなり、金属イオンの適度な徐放速度を得ることが困難になる。 The antibacterial coating 10 needs to contain 50% by mass or more of the metal particles 3 and the scaly silica 2 in total. When the total amount of the metal particles 3 and the flaky silica 2 is less than 50% by mass, a lot of components (for example, resin components) other than the metal particles 3 and the flaky silica 2 are contained. It becomes difficult to be embedded in the silica gel 2 and it is difficult to obtain an appropriate sustained release rate of metal ions.
 抗菌性被膜10において、金属粒子3は、鱗片状シリカ2に対して、2質量%以上50質量%以下で含まれることが必要であり、5質量%以上40質量%以下で含まれることが好ましい。金属粒子3の量が2質量%未満であると、十分な抗菌性及び抗かび性が得られない。一方、金属粒子3の量が50質量%を超えると、被膜の物理的な強度が低下する。
 なお、ここでの質量割合は、金属粒子3及び鱗片状シリカ2の何れについても、100℃で十分に乾燥して測定した場合の値である。
In the antibacterial coating 10, the metal particles 3 are required to be contained in an amount of 2% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, and preferably 5% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less with respect to the scaly silica 2. . If the amount of the metal particles 3 is less than 2% by mass, sufficient antibacterial and antifungal properties cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the amount of the metal particles 3 exceeds 50% by mass, the physical strength of the coating is lowered.
In addition, the mass ratio here is a value in the case where both the metal particles 3 and the scaly silica 2 are measured by sufficiently drying at 100 ° C.
 抗菌性被膜10は、金属粒子3、鱗片状シリカ2及び溶媒を含有する抗菌性被膜形成用の塗布液を基材1に塗布した後、乾燥することにより形成することができる。溶媒としては、水、エタノール、2-プロパノール等のアルコール、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン等のケトン類、酢酸エチル等のエステル類、ジグリム類、2-メチルピロリジノン、酢酸、ジメチルスルホキシド、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、アセトニトリル、テトラヒドロフラン等の塗料に利用される各種溶剤、あるいはこれらの混合物が利用可能である。これらの中でも、安全性が高く且つ低コストであるという観点から、水が好ましい。また、塗布液に含まれる水に対して、2-メチルピロリジノンやジメチルスルホキシド等の高沸点の極性溶剤を1質量%以上20質量%以下の割合で混合することで、基材1(特にプラスチック基材)の表面への塗布性を向上させたり、得られる被膜の強度を向上させることができる。これは、乾燥時にこれらの極性溶剤が最後まで残留することで、鱗片状シリカ2同士あるいは鱗片状シリカ2と基材1とが密着しやすいように配置されやすいためであると考えられる。 The antibacterial coating 10 can be formed by applying a coating solution for forming an antibacterial coating containing the metal particles 3, the scaly silica 2 and a solvent to the substrate 1 and then drying it. Examples of the solvent include water, alcohols such as ethanol and 2-propanol, ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, esters such as ethyl acetate, diglymes, 2-methylpyrrolidinone, acetic acid, dimethyl sulfoxide, N, N-dimethylformamide, Various solvents used for coating materials such as N, N-dimethylacetamide, acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran, or a mixture thereof can be used. Among these, water is preferable from the viewpoint of high safety and low cost. Further, by mixing a high-boiling polar solvent such as 2-methylpyrrolidinone and dimethyl sulfoxide in a ratio of 1% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less with water contained in the coating solution, the substrate 1 (especially a plastic substrate) is mixed. The applicability of the material to the surface can be improved, and the strength of the resulting film can be improved. This is considered to be because these polar solvents remain at the end during drying, so that the scaly silicas 2 or the scaly silicas 2 and the substrate 1 are easily disposed so as to be in close contact with each other.
 塗布液中の鱗片状シリカ2の濃度は、塗布液に対して、0.2質量%以上40質量%以下であることが好ましく、0.5質量%以上30質量%以下であることが更に好ましい。鱗片状シリカ2の濃度が0.2質量%未満であると、得られる抗菌性被膜10の膜厚が薄すぎる場合が多い。塗布液を繰り返し塗布した場合でも金属粒子3が抗菌性被膜10中に均一に分布できない場合があるため好ましくない。一方、鱗片状シリカ2の濃度が40質量%を超えると、塗布液の粘度が上がり過ぎ、撹拌や塗布が困難になる場合があるため好ましくない。また、抗菌性被膜10において、金属粒子3は、鱗片状シリカ2に対して、2質量%以上50質量%以下で含まれることが必要であることから、塗布液中の金属粒子3の濃度は、鱗片状シリカ2に対して、2質量%以上50質量%以下であり、好ましくは5質量%以上40質量%以下である。 The concentration of the flaky silica 2 in the coating solution is preferably 0.2% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less with respect to the coating solution. . When the concentration of the scaly silica 2 is less than 0.2% by mass, the resulting antibacterial coating 10 is often too thin. Even when the coating solution is repeatedly applied, the metal particles 3 may not be uniformly distributed in the antibacterial coating 10, which is not preferable. On the other hand, when the concentration of the scaly silica 2 exceeds 40% by mass, the viscosity of the coating solution is excessively increased, and stirring and coating may become difficult. Further, in the antibacterial coating 10, since the metal particles 3 are required to be contained in an amount of 2% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less with respect to the scaly silica 2, the concentration of the metal particles 3 in the coating solution is as follows. The amount is 2% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, and preferably 5% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less with respect to the scaly silica 2.
 必要に応じて、界面活性剤、凝集剤等の添加剤を塗布液に添加してもよい。界面活性剤の添加により、塗布液と基材1とのなじみが改善され、塗布性が向上すると共に、得られる抗菌性被膜10の強度も向上できる。凝集剤としては、ポリ塩化アルミニウム等の一般的なものの他、非イオン性界面活性剤等で凝集作用を有するものがあり、これらを利用することができる。凝集剤を塗布液に微量添加することで、塗布液の分離を抑制したり、基材1上での塗布液の流れを制御したりすることが可能であり、塗布液の扱いやすさを向上することができる。更に、抗菌性被膜10にクラック等の欠陥が生じにくくなるという効果もある。適切な凝集剤の量は、材料によって異なるため明確に定義することは困難であるが、一つの尺度として濁度で判定可能である。凝集剤の添加前の濁度に対し、添加後の濁度が1.2倍以上2倍以下の範囲であると良好な効果が得られる。1.2倍に満たない添加量であると、液の沈降が逆に激しくなる傾向にあり、塗布性の向上効果は殆ど認められない。一方、2倍を超える添加量であると、得られる抗菌性被膜10の膜質が劣化し、金属粒子3の脱落や金属イオンの溶出が多くなってしまう。 If necessary, additives such as a surfactant and a flocculant may be added to the coating solution. By adding the surfactant, the familiarity between the coating solution and the substrate 1 is improved, the coating property is improved, and the strength of the obtained antibacterial coating 10 can be improved. As the aggregating agent, in addition to general materials such as polyaluminum chloride, nonionic surfactants and the like have an aggregating action, and these can be used. By adding a small amount of flocculant to the coating liquid, it is possible to suppress the separation of the coating liquid and to control the flow of the coating liquid on the substrate 1, thereby improving the handling of the coating liquid. can do. Further, there is an effect that defects such as cracks are hardly generated in the antibacterial coating 10. The appropriate amount of flocculant is difficult to define clearly because it varies depending on the material, but it can be determined by turbidity as one measure. A good effect is obtained when the turbidity after the addition is in the range of 1.2 to 2 times the turbidity before the addition of the flocculant. If the addition amount is less than 1.2 times, the liquid tends to settle down, and the effect of improving the coatability is hardly recognized. On the other hand, when the addition amount is more than twice, the film quality of the obtained antibacterial coating 10 is deteriorated, and the metal particles 3 are dropped off and the metal ions are eluted.
 塗布液の基材1への塗布は、スプレーコーティング、刷毛塗り、バーコーター、掛け流し等の一般的な方法で行うことができる。これらの中でも、様々な形状の基材1に適用でき且つ簡便であるという点で、スプレーコーティングが好ましい。塗布後の乾燥は常温乾燥でもよいが、赤外線や温風で加熱することで残留溶剤の除去や抗菌性被膜10を硬化させる効果が得られる。 Application of the coating liquid to the substrate 1 can be performed by a general method such as spray coating, brush coating, bar coater, pouring and the like. Among these, spray coating is preferable because it can be applied to the substrate 1 having various shapes and is simple. Drying after application may be performed at room temperature, but effects of removing the residual solvent and curing the antibacterial coating 10 can be obtained by heating with infrared rays or warm air.
 抗菌性被膜10が形成される基材1としては、特に限定されず、抗菌性及び抗かび性が必要とされる物品の種類に応じて適宜選択することができる。基材1の例としては、アルミニウム、ステンレス等の金属基材、ガラス基材、プラスチック基材などが挙げられる。
 また、抗菌性被膜10の膜厚は、抗菌性及び抗かび性が必要とされる物品の種類に応じて適宜設定すればよいが、0.1μm以上500μm以下であることが好ましく、0.3μm以上100μm以下であることが更に好ましい。0.1μm未満の膜厚では、物品表面に存在する被膜の量が少なすぎ、抗菌性が十分でなかったり、洗浄や摩擦により抗菌性が失われやすく好ましくない。一方、500μmを超える膜厚では、被膜による着色が大きくなったり、被膜成分の剥離や脱落が起こりやすくなったりして好ましくない。
The base material 1 on which the antibacterial coating 10 is formed is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the type of article that requires antibacterial and antifungal properties. Examples of the substrate 1 include metal substrates such as aluminum and stainless steel, glass substrates, and plastic substrates.
Further, the film thickness of the antibacterial coating 10 may be appropriately set according to the type of the article that requires antibacterial and antifungal properties, but is preferably 0.1 μm or more and 500 μm or less, preferably 0.3 μm. More preferably, it is 100 μm or less. If the film thickness is less than 0.1 μm, the amount of the coating film present on the surface of the article is too small, and the antibacterial property is not sufficient, or the antibacterial property is easily lost due to washing or friction. On the other hand, a film thickness exceeding 500 μm is not preferable because coloring due to the coating increases and peeling or dropping of coating components easily occurs.
 実施の形態1によれば、強度及び外観を損なわず、水に曝されても長期間にわたり適度な量の金属イオンを徐放できる抗菌性被膜を提供することができる。また、この抗菌性被膜を基材の表面に形成することで、物品の外観を損なうことなく、水に曝されても長期間にわたり抗菌性及び抗かび性を発現することのできる物品を提供することができる。 According to Embodiment 1, it is possible to provide an antibacterial coating that can release a moderate amount of metal ions over a long period of time even when exposed to water without losing strength and appearance. In addition, by forming this antibacterial coating on the surface of a substrate, an article that can exhibit antibacterial and antifungal properties over a long period of time even when exposed to water without impairing the appearance of the article is provided. be able to.
 実施の形態2.
 本発明の実施の形態2による抗菌性被膜は、0.3μm以上25μm以下の平均粒径を有する塊状金属粒子並びに0.01μm以上5μm以下の厚さ及び5以上200以下のアスペクト比を有する鱗片状金属粒子からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の金属粒子と、0.0005μm以上0.5μm以下の厚さ及び10以上5000以下のアスペクト比を有する鱗片状シリカと、樹脂成分とを含み、金属粒子と鱗片状シリカとが合計で、抗菌性被膜に対して50質量%以上の量で存在し、金属粒子が、鱗片状シリカに対して2質量%以上50質量%以下の量で存在し、樹脂成分が、抗菌性被膜に対して50質量%未満の量で存在し、且つ金属粒子は、積層された鱗片状シリカの中に埋め込まれた状態であることを特徴とするものである。
Embodiment 2. FIG.
The antibacterial coating according to the second embodiment of the present invention is a massive metal particle having an average particle size of 0.3 μm or more and 25 μm or less, a scale shape having a thickness of 0.01 μm or more and 5 μm or less, and an aspect ratio of 5 or more and 200 or less. Metal comprising at least one metal particle selected from the group consisting of metal particles, flaky silica having a thickness of 0.0005 μm to 0.5 μm and an aspect ratio of 10 to 5000, and a resin component, The particles and the flaky silica are present in a total amount of 50% by mass or more with respect to the antibacterial coating, and the metal particles are present in an amount of 2% by mass to 50% by mass with respect to the flaky silica, The resin component is present in an amount of less than 50% by mass with respect to the antibacterial coating, and the metal particles are embedded in the laminated flaky silica.
 図2は、実施の形態2による抗菌性被膜の模式断面図である。図2において、基材1の表面に、鱗片状シリカ2と金属粒子3と樹脂成分4とを含む抗菌性被膜20が形成されており、樹脂成分4は、積層された鱗片状シリカ2の隙間などに分散した状態となっており、金属粒子3は、積層された鱗片状シリカ2に埋め込まれた状態(鱗片状シリカ2が金属粒子3を包むような状態)となっており、鱗片状シリカ2は、金属粒子3近傍以外では基材1の面方向に配向した状態となっている。抗菌性被膜20に樹脂成分4を含有させることで、基材1(特にプラスチック基材)に対する密着性が向上したり、抗菌性被膜20の耐摩耗性が向上するという効果が得られる。これは、樹脂成分4が鱗片状シリカ2と基材1とのバインダーとなったり、樹脂成分4が鱗片状シリカ2同士のバインダーとなり、摩擦等による強い変形圧力を受けた場合に弾性変形しやすくなるためであると考えられる。 FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antibacterial film according to the second embodiment. In FIG. 2, an antibacterial coating 20 containing scaly silica 2, metal particles 3, and a resin component 4 is formed on the surface of a substrate 1, and the resin component 4 is a gap between the laminated scaly silicas 2. The metal particles 3 are embedded in the laminated scale-like silica 2 (a state in which the scale-like silica 2 wraps the metal particles 3), and the scale-like silica 2 is in a state of being oriented in the surface direction of the substrate 1 except in the vicinity of the metal particles 3. By including the resin component 4 in the antibacterial coating 20, the effect of improving the adhesion to the substrate 1 (particularly a plastic substrate) or improving the wear resistance of the antibacterial coating 20 is obtained. This is because the resin component 4 becomes a binder between the scaly silica 2 and the base material 1 or the resin component 4 becomes a binder between the scaly silicas 2 and easily undergoes elastic deformation when subjected to strong deformation pressure due to friction or the like. It is thought that it is to become.
 樹脂成分4は、抗菌性被膜20に対して、50質量%未満の量で含まれることが必要であり、1.0質量%以上50質量%未満の量で含まれることが好ましい。樹脂成分4が50質量%未満であれば、鱗片状シリカ2の隙間を通しての金属イオンの徐放を阻害することはなく、実施の形態1と同様に、金属イオンを安定して徐放することができると共に、抗菌性被膜20の劣化が起こりにくいという効果が得られる。また、樹脂成分4は金属イオンにより劣化しやすいが、樹脂成分4が50質量%未満であれば、金属イオンによる膜物性の低下はほとんど顕在化しない。 Resin component 4 needs to be contained in an amount of less than 50% by mass with respect to antibacterial coating 20, and is preferably contained in an amount of 1.0% by mass or more and less than 50% by mass. If the resin component 4 is less than 50% by mass, the sustained release of metal ions through the gaps between the flaky silica 2 is not hindered, and the metal ions can be stably and stably released as in the first embodiment. In addition, the antibacterial coating 20 is less likely to deteriorate. In addition, the resin component 4 is easily deteriorated by metal ions, but if the resin component 4 is less than 50% by mass, the film physical properties are hardly deteriorated by the metal ions.
 特に、樹脂成分4が微量、具体的には1.0質量%以上20質量%以下含まれると、樹脂成分4が鱗片状シリカ2間に介在し、鱗片状シリカ2の隙間を適度に拡げ、金属イオンの徐放を促進する効果が得られる。一方、樹脂成分4が50質量%以上であると、金属イオンの適度な徐放速度を得ることが困難になる。すなわち、樹脂成分4が多すぎる場合には、鱗片状シリカ2が金属粒子3を包むように配置しにくくなったり、鱗片状シリカ2同士が配向した状態となりにくくなるためである。 In particular, when the resin component 4 is contained in a trace amount, specifically 1.0% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less, the resin component 4 is interposed between the flaky silica 2 and the gap between the flaky silica 2 is appropriately widened. The effect of promoting the sustained release of metal ions is obtained. On the other hand, when the resin component 4 is 50% by mass or more, it becomes difficult to obtain an appropriate sustained release rate of metal ions. That is, when there are too many resin components 4, it becomes difficult to arrange | position so that the flaky silica 2 may wrap the metal particle 3, or it will become difficult to be in the state where the flaky silica 2 was orientated.
 樹脂成分4としては、ポリオレフィン樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、アクリル樹脂、シリコーン、フッ素樹脂等が挙げられる。塗布時あるいは塗布直後のハンドリング性が良好であるという観点から、これらの少なくとも1種の樹脂を含むエマルジョン及びこれらの少なくとも1種の樹脂を水に分散させたディスパージョンを用いることが好ましい。 Resin component 4 includes polyolefin resin, urethane resin, acrylic resin, silicone, fluorine resin, and the like. From the viewpoint of good handling properties at the time of application or immediately after application, it is preferable to use an emulsion containing these at least one resin and a dispersion in which these at least one resin is dispersed in water.
 抗菌性被膜20は、金属粒子3、鱗片状シリカ2、樹脂成分4及び溶媒を含有する抗菌性被膜形成用の塗布液を基材1に塗布した後、乾燥することにより形成することができる。樹脂成分4を含有する塗布液の乾燥は、被膜の強度を向上させるという点から加熱により行うことが好ましい。好ましい乾燥条件は、40℃以上150℃以下で1分以上60分以下である。
 塗布液の調製方法及び塗布方法は、実施の形態1と同様の方法を適用できるが、樹脂成分4を含有する塗布液は粘度が大きくなりやすく、抗菌性被膜20が厚く形成されやすくなるので、塗布液中の各成分の濃度を調整することが好ましい。具体的には、塗布液中の固形分が、0.1質量%以上30質量%以下であることが好ましく、0.5質量%以上25質量%以下であることが更に好ましい。固形分が0.1質量%未満であると、得られる抗菌性被膜20が薄くなりやすいため好ましくない。一方、固形分が30質量%を超えると、塗布液の粘度が上がり過ぎ、得られる抗菌性被膜20が厚くなりやすいため好ましくない。なお、ここでの固形分は、120℃で十分に乾燥した時の残留重量から求める値である。
The antibacterial coating 20 can be formed by applying a coating liquid for forming an antibacterial coating containing the metal particles 3, the scaly silica 2, the resin component 4 and a solvent to the substrate 1 and then drying. The coating solution containing the resin component 4 is preferably dried by heating from the viewpoint of improving the strength of the coating. Preferable drying conditions are 40 ° C. or more and 150 ° C. or less and 1 minute or more and 60 minutes or less.
As the coating liquid preparation method and the coating method, the same method as in the first embodiment can be applied. However, the coating liquid containing the resin component 4 tends to have a large viscosity and the antibacterial coating 20 is easily formed thick. It is preferable to adjust the concentration of each component in the coating solution. Specifically, the solid content in the coating solution is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less. If the solid content is less than 0.1% by mass, the resulting antibacterial coating 20 is likely to be thin, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the solid content exceeds 30% by mass, the viscosity of the coating solution is excessively increased, and the resulting antibacterial coating 20 tends to be thick, which is not preferable. In addition, solid content here is a value calculated | required from the residual weight when fully dried at 120 degreeC.
 なお、実施の形態2では、使用する金属粒子3、鱗片状シリカ2、基材1、溶媒、好ましい抗菌性被膜20の膜厚等は、実施の形態1で説明した通りであるので、ここでは説明を省略する。 In the second embodiment, the metal particles 3 to be used, the scaly silica 2, the substrate 1, the solvent, the preferable film thickness of the antibacterial coating 20, and the like are as described in the first embodiment. Description is omitted.
 実施の形態3.
 本発明の実施の形態3による抗菌性被膜は、実施の形態1又は2の抗菌性被膜を覆うように、0.0005μm以上0.5μm以下の厚さ及び10以上5000以下のアスペクト比を有する鱗片状シリカからなる上塗り層を形成したことを特徴とするものである。
Embodiment 3 FIG.
The antibacterial film according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention has a thickness of 0.0005 μm to 0.5 μm and an aspect ratio of 10 to 5000 so as to cover the antibacterial film of Embodiment 1 or 2. It is characterized in that an overcoat layer made of glassy silica is formed.
 図3は、実施の形態3による抗菌性被膜の模式断面図である。図3において、基材1の表面に、鱗片状シリカ2と金属粒子3とを含む実施の形態1による抗菌性被膜10が形成されており、その表層に鱗片状シリカ2からなる上塗り層5が更に形成されて一体化し、抗菌性被膜30となっている。上塗り層5を形成することで、抗菌性被膜10の表層の存在する凹凸が平坦化されるという効果が得られる。抗菌性被膜10の表層に凸部が存在すると、表層を擦った時などに局所的に力が働き、抗菌性被膜10が破壊されやすい。表層が破壊されると金属粒子3の露出や脱離が起こり、金属イオンを安定して徐放できなくなる。上塗り層5を表層に形成することで、このような破壊を抑制できる。また、上塗り層5は、抗菌性被膜10よりも強度的に優れるため、耐摩耗性が更に向上する。 FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antibacterial film according to the third embodiment. In FIG. 3, the antibacterial coating 10 according to the first embodiment including the flaky silica 2 and the metal particles 3 is formed on the surface of the substrate 1, and the top coat layer 5 made of the flaky silica 2 is formed on the surface layer. Further, the antibacterial coating 30 is formed and integrated. By forming the topcoat layer 5, the effect that the unevenness | corrugation in which the surface layer of the antibacterial film 10 exists is planarized is acquired. When a convex portion exists on the surface layer of the antibacterial coating 10, a force acts locally when the surface layer is rubbed, and the antibacterial coating 10 is easily destroyed. When the surface layer is destroyed, the metal particles 3 are exposed and detached, and the metal ions cannot be stably and gradually released. By forming the topcoat layer 5 on the surface layer, such destruction can be suppressed. Moreover, since the topcoat layer 5 is superior in strength to the antibacterial coating 10, the wear resistance is further improved.
 上塗り層5は、鱗片状シリカ2を溶媒に分散させた塗布液を塗布した後、乾燥することにより形成することができる。この塗布液の塗布は、抗菌性被膜10を形成するための塗布液を基材に塗布し、溶媒が蒸発した後であればいつでも可能である。抗菌性被膜10を硬化させる場合は、上塗り層5を形成した後に加熱等を行うことが好ましい。抗菌性被膜10を加熱等により硬化させた後に、上塗り層5を形成する場合、抗菌性被膜10と上塗り層5との間に密着性の低い境界部分が形成され、剥離等が起こる場合がある。 The overcoat layer 5 can be formed by applying a coating solution in which the scaly silica 2 is dispersed in a solvent and then drying. The coating liquid can be applied any time after the coating liquid for forming the antibacterial coating 10 is applied to the substrate and the solvent is evaporated. When the antibacterial coating 10 is to be cured, it is preferable to perform heating or the like after forming the topcoat layer 5. When the topcoat layer 5 is formed after the antibacterial coating 10 is cured by heating or the like, a boundary portion having low adhesion may be formed between the antibacterial coating 10 and the topcoat layer 5 and peeling or the like may occur. .
 上塗り層5を形成するための塗布液の鱗片状シリカ2及び溶媒としては、実施の形態1で例示したものと同様のものが使用できる。塗布液中の鱗片状シリカ2の濃度は、0.1質量%以上25質量%以下であることが好ましく、0.2質量%以上15質量%以下であることが更に好ましい。鱗片状シリカ2の濃度が0.1質量%未満であると、上塗り層5の膜厚が薄くなり過ぎて効果が得られない。一方、鱗片状シリカ2の濃度が25質量%を超えると、上塗り層5の膜厚が厚くなり過ぎて、金属イオンの徐放が阻害される場合があるため好ましくない。 As the scaly silica 2 and the solvent of the coating solution for forming the overcoat layer 5, those similar to those exemplified in Embodiment 1 can be used. The concentration of the scaly silica 2 in the coating solution is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.2% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less. When the concentration of the scaly silica 2 is less than 0.1% by mass, the film thickness of the overcoat layer 5 becomes too thin and the effect cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the concentration of the scaly silica 2 exceeds 25% by mass, the film thickness of the overcoat layer 5 becomes too thick, and the sustained release of metal ions may be inhibited.
 上塗り層5の膜厚は、金属イオンの徐放を阻害せずに耐摩耗性を向上させる観点から、0.05μm以上2μm以下であることが好ましく、0.1μm以上1μm以下であることが更に好ましい。 The thickness of the overcoat layer 5 is preferably 0.05 μm or more and 2 μm or less, more preferably 0.1 μm or more and 1 μm or less, from the viewpoint of improving the wear resistance without inhibiting the sustained release of metal ions. preferable.
 なお、図3では、実施の形態1による抗菌性被膜10を覆うように、上塗り層5を形成した場合について説明したが、実施の形態2による抗菌性被膜20を覆うように、上塗り層5を形成しても同様の効果が得られる。 In addition, although FIG. 3 demonstrated the case where the topcoat layer 5 was formed so that the antibacterial film 10 by Embodiment 1 might be covered, the topcoat layer 5 was covered so that the antibacterial film 20 by Embodiment 2 might be covered. Even if formed, the same effect can be obtained.
 実施の形態4.
 本発明の実施の形態4による抗菌性被膜は、実施の形態1~3の何れかの抗菌性被膜と基材との間に、樹脂成分と0.0005μm以上0.5μm以下の厚さ及び10以上5000以下のアスペクト比を有する鱗片状シリカとからなる下塗り層を形成したことを特徴とするものである。
Embodiment 4 FIG.
The antibacterial coating according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention has a resin component, a thickness of 0.0005 μm or more and 0.5 μm or less, and 10 between the antibacterial coating of any of Embodiments 1 to 3 and the substrate. An undercoat layer made of scaly silica having an aspect ratio of 5,000 or less is formed.
 図4は、実施の形態4による抗菌性被膜の模式断面図である。図4において、基材1の表面に、樹脂成分4と鱗片状シリカ2とからなる下塗り層6が形成され、その上に鱗片状シリカ2と金属粒子3とを含む実施の形態1による抗菌性被膜10が形成されて一体化し、抗菌性被膜40となっている。基材1がプラスチック基材である場合や、基材1の表面が汚染されていたり、劣化したりしている場合には、抗菌性被膜10は、界面で剥離することがある。下塗り層6を抗菌性被膜10と基材1との間に形成することで、このような剥離を抑制できる。 FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antibacterial film according to the fourth embodiment. In FIG. 4, an undercoat layer 6 made of a resin component 4 and scaly silica 2 is formed on the surface of a substrate 1, and the antibacterial properties according to Embodiment 1 including scaly silica 2 and metal particles 3 thereon. A coating 10 is formed and integrated to form an antibacterial coating 40. When the substrate 1 is a plastic substrate, or when the surface of the substrate 1 is contaminated or deteriorated, the antibacterial coating 10 may be peeled off at the interface. By forming the undercoat layer 6 between the antibacterial coating 10 and the substrate 1, such peeling can be suppressed.
 下塗り層6は、鱗片状シリカ2、樹脂成分4及び溶媒を含有する塗布液を基材1に塗布した後、乾燥することにより形成することができる。塗布液の調製方法及び塗布方法は、実施の形態1及び2と同様の方法を適用できる。 The undercoat layer 6 can be formed by applying a coating solution containing the scaly silica 2, the resin component 4 and the solvent to the substrate 1 and then drying. The same method as in Embodiments 1 and 2 can be applied to the coating liquid preparation method and the coating method.
 下塗り層6を形成するための塗布液の鱗片状シリカ2及び溶媒としては、実施の形態1で例示したものと同様のものが使用できる。また、下塗り層6を形成するための塗布液の樹脂成分4としては、実施の形態2で例示したものと同様のものが使用できる。塗布液中の樹脂成分4の濃度は、鱗片状シリカ2の質量の0.5倍以上10倍以下であることが好ましく、1倍以上3倍以下であることが更に好ましい。樹脂成分4の濃度が0.5倍未満であると、下塗り層6と基材1との間の密着性向上の効果が十分に得られない。樹脂成分4の濃度が10倍を超えると、下塗り層6と抗菌性被膜10との間の密着性が十分に得られない場合が多いため好ましくない。塗布液中の樹脂成分4の濃度が上記範囲内であれば、下塗り層6は、基材1及び抗菌性被膜10の両方に対して高い親和性を示し、被膜全体としての密着性、ひいては被膜の強度を向上することができる。なお、ここでの質量は、120℃で十分に乾燥した状態での測定値である。 As the scaly silica 2 and the solvent of the coating solution for forming the undercoat layer 6, the same ones as exemplified in Embodiment 1 can be used. Further, as the resin component 4 of the coating solution for forming the undercoat layer 6, the same ones as exemplified in Embodiment 2 can be used. The concentration of the resin component 4 in the coating solution is preferably 0.5 to 10 times the mass of the scaly silica 2, more preferably 1 to 3 times. If the concentration of the resin component 4 is less than 0.5 times, the effect of improving the adhesion between the undercoat layer 6 and the substrate 1 cannot be sufficiently obtained. If the concentration of the resin component 4 exceeds 10 times, the adhesion between the undercoat layer 6 and the antibacterial coating 10 is often not sufficient, which is not preferable. If the concentration of the resin component 4 in the coating solution is within the above range, the undercoat layer 6 exhibits high affinity for both the base material 1 and the antibacterial coating 10, and the adhesion as a whole coating, and thus the coating The strength of can be improved. In addition, the mass here is a measured value in a state sufficiently dried at 120 ° C.
 下塗り層6は、厚すぎると基材表面の色調等を変化させたりすることがあるため、効果が得られるための必要最小限の膜厚とすることが好ましく、その膜厚は、0.1μm以上5μm以下であることが好ましく、0.2μm以上2μm以下であることが更に好ましい。 If the undercoat layer 6 is too thick, it may change the color tone or the like of the substrate surface. Therefore, it is preferable that the undercoat layer 6 have a minimum necessary thickness for obtaining the effect, and the thickness is 0.1 μm. The thickness is preferably 5 μm or less and more preferably 0.2 μm or more and 2 μm or less.
 なお、図4では、実施の形態1による抗菌性被膜10と基材1との間に、樹脂成分4と鱗片状シリカ2とからなる下塗り層6を形成した場合について説明したが、実施の形態2による抗菌性被膜20と基材1との間あるいは実施の形態3による抗菌性被膜30と基材1との間に、樹脂成分4と鱗片状シリカ2とからなる下塗り層6を形成しても同様の効果が得られる。 In addition, although FIG. 4 demonstrated the case where the undercoat layer 6 which consists of the resin component 4 and the scale-like silica 2 was formed between the antibacterial film 10 by Embodiment 1, and the base material 1, Embodiment An undercoat layer 6 composed of the resin component 4 and the scaly silica 2 is formed between the antibacterial coating 20 according to 2 and the substrate 1 or between the antibacterial coating 30 according to Embodiment 3 and the substrate 1. The same effect can be obtained.
<実施例1>
 約0.1μmの厚さ及び約5μmの最長径(アスペクト比=約50)を有する鱗片状銀粒子(福田金属箔粉工業株式会社製Ag-XF301)を1.0質量%、約0.1μmの厚さ及び約1.5μmの最長径(アスペクト比=約15)を有する鱗片状シリカ(AGCエスアイテック株式会社製サンラブリー(登録商標)LFS-150)を2.5質量%含む水分散液を調製した。
 この水分散液をガラス板上にスプレーにて塗布し、室温で十分に乾燥させて、ガラス板上に厚さ約0.8μmの抗菌性被膜を形成した(鱗片状銀粒子と鱗片状シリカとが合計で抗菌性被膜に対して100質量%の量で存在し、鱗片状銀粒子が鱗片状シリカに対して40質量%の量で存在する)。
 このサンプルを、室温の流水中に3日間曝した後、JIS Z 2911に従って抗かび試験を実施した。また、水洗前後の外観の変化を目視にて評価した。これらの結果を表1に示す。
 なお、抗かび試験は、下記基準に従って評価した。
 0:肉眼及び顕微鏡下でかびの発育は認められない
 1:肉眼ではかびの発育が認められないが、顕微鏡下ではかびの発育が明らかに認められる
 2:肉眼でかびの発育が認められ、発育部分の面積は試料の全面積の25%未満である 
  3:肉眼でかびの発育が認められ、発育部分の面積は試料の全面積の25%以上50%未満である
 4:菌糸はよく発育し、発育部分の面積は試料の全面積の50%以上である
 5:菌糸の発育は激しく、試料全面を覆っている
<Example 1>
Scale-like silver particles (Ag-XF301 manufactured by Fukuda Metal Foil Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of about 0.1 μm and a longest diameter (aspect ratio = about 50) of about 5 μm are 1.0% by mass, about 0.1 μm. Dispersion containing 2.5% by mass of flaky silica (Sun Lovely (registered trademark) LFS-150 manufactured by AGC S-Tech Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of about 1.5 μm and a longest diameter of about 1.5 μm (aspect ratio = about 15) Was prepared.
This aqueous dispersion was applied onto a glass plate by spraying and sufficiently dried at room temperature to form an antibacterial coating having a thickness of about 0.8 μm on the glass plate (scale-like silver particles and scale-like silica and Are present in an amount of 100% by mass with respect to the antibacterial coating, and the flaky silver particles are present in an amount of 40% by mass with respect to the flaky silica).
This sample was exposed to running water at room temperature for 3 days and then subjected to an antifungal test according to JIS Z 2911. Moreover, the change of the external appearance before and after water washing was evaluated visually. These results are shown in Table 1.
The antifungal test was evaluated according to the following criteria.
0: No mold growth observed with the naked eye or under the microscope 1: No mold growth observed with the naked eye, but mold growth clearly observed under the microscope 2: Must growth observed with the naked eye, growth The area of the part is less than 25% of the total area of the sample
3: The growth of mold is recognized with the naked eye, and the area of the growth part is 25% or more and less than 50% of the total area of the sample 4: The mycelium grows well, and the area of the growth part is 50% or more of the total area of the sample 5: Mycelium grows violently and covers the entire surface of the sample
<実施例2>
 鱗片状銀粒子の代わりに、約0.2μmの厚さ及び約3μmの最長径(アスペクト比=15)を有する鱗片状青銅粒子(福田金属箔粉工業株式会社製No.7770)を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、ガラス板上に厚さ約1.0μmの抗菌性被膜を形成した(鱗片状青銅粒子と鱗片状シリカとが合計で抗菌性被膜に対して100質量%の量で存在し、鱗片状青銅粒子が鱗片状シリカに対して40質量%の量で存在する)。
 このサンプルを実施例1と同様に評価した。結果を表1に示す。
<Example 2>
Instead of scaly silver particles, scaly bronze particles having a thickness of about 0.2 μm and a longest diameter (aspect ratio = 15) of about 3 μm (No. 7770, manufactured by Fukuda Metal Foil Co., Ltd.) were used. In the same manner as in Example 1, an antibacterial film having a thickness of about 1.0 μm was formed on a glass plate (the total amount of scaly bronze particles and scaly silica was 100% by mass with respect to the antibacterial film. Present in the amount of flaky bronze particles in an amount of 40% by weight with respect to the flaky silica).
This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
<実施例3>
 鱗片状銀粒子の代わりに、0.4μmの平均粒径を有する塊状銅粒子(住友金属鉱山株式会社製CUP-030)を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、ガラス板上に厚さ約1.2μmの抗菌性被膜を形成した(銅粒子と鱗片状シリカとが合計で抗菌性被膜に対して100質量%の量で存在し、銅粒子が鱗片状シリカに対して40質量%の量で存在する)。
 このサンプルを実施例1と同様に評価した。結果を表1に示す。
<Example 3>
In the same manner as in Example 1 except that massive copper particles (CUP-030 manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.) having an average particle diameter of 0.4 μm were used instead of the scaly silver particles, the thickness was increased on the glass plate. An antibacterial coating having a thickness of about 1.2 μm was formed (copper particles and scaly silica were present in a total amount of 100% by mass with respect to the antibacterial coating, and the copper particles were 40% by mass with respect to the scaly silica. Present in the amount of).
This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
<比較例1>
 エチルシリケートの塩酸加水分解液に、約0.1μmの厚さ及び約5μmの最長径(アスペクト比=約50)を有する鱗片状銀粒子(福田金属箔粉工業株式会社製Ag-XF301)が1.0質量%となるように添加して水分散液を調製した。
 この水分散液をガラス板上にスプレーにて塗布し、120℃で1時間加熱乾燥させて、ガラス板上に厚さ約0.5μmの被膜を形成した。
 このサンプルを実施例1と同様に評価した。結果を表1に示す。
<Comparative Example 1>
A scale-like silver particle (Ag-XF301, manufactured by Fukuda Metal Foil Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of about 0.1 μm and a longest diameter (aspect ratio = about 50) of about 0.1 μm is contained in hydrochloric acid hydrolyzate of ethyl silicate. An aqueous dispersion was prepared by adding to 0.0 mass%.
This aqueous dispersion was applied onto a glass plate by spraying and dried by heating at 120 ° C. for 1 hour to form a coating having a thickness of about 0.5 μm on the glass plate.
This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
<比較例2>
 鱗片状シリカの代わりに、球状シリカであるコロイダルシリカ(平均粒径12nm)を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、ガラス板上に厚さ約0.3μmの被膜を形成した。
 このサンプルを実施例1と同様に評価した。結果を表1に示す。
<Comparative example 2>
A coating having a thickness of about 0.3 μm was formed on the glass plate in the same manner as in Example 1 except that colloidal silica (average particle size: 12 nm), which is spherical silica, was used instead of scaly silica.
This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
<比較例3>
 鱗片状銀粒子の代わりに、平均粒径0.1μmの球状銀粒子(シグマ-アルドリッチ製)を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、ガラス板上に厚さ約0.6μmの被膜を形成した。
 このサンプルを実施例1と同様に評価した。結果を表1に示す。
<Comparative Example 3>
A coating having a thickness of about 0.6 μm on the glass plate was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that spherical silver particles (Sigma-Aldrich) having an average particle diameter of 0.1 μm were used instead of the scaly silver particles. Formed.
This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
<比較例4>
 未処理のガラス板を、室温の流水中に3日間曝した後、JIS Z 2911に従って抗かび試験を実施した。また、水洗前後の外観の変化を目視にて評価した。これらの結果を表1に示す。
<Comparative example 4>
The untreated glass plate was exposed to running water at room temperature for 3 days, and then an antifungal test was performed according to JIS Z 2911. Moreover, the change of the external appearance before and after water washing was evaluated visually. These results are shown in Table 1.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
 表1から分かるように、各実施例では高い抗かび性が認められたのに対し、各比較例では抗かび性は非常に低かった。比較例1では、緻密なシリカ膜が形成されるため、金属イオンの徐放が良好に行われなかったと考えられる。比較例2では、球状シリカを用いため、水洗時の金属イオンの流出が激しかったと考えられる。比較例3では、球状銀粒子の平均粒径が小さ過ぎるため、水洗で金属イオンが枯渇したと考えられる。実施例1~3は、これらの問題がすべて解消されていることを示している。 As can be seen from Table 1, high antifungal property was recognized in each example, whereas antifungal property was very low in each comparative example. In Comparative Example 1, since a dense silica film is formed, it is considered that the sustained release of metal ions was not performed well. In Comparative Example 2, since spherical silica is used, it is considered that the outflow of metal ions during washing with water was intense. In Comparative Example 3, since the average particle diameter of the spherical silver particles is too small, it is considered that the metal ions are depleted by washing with water. Examples 1 to 3 show that all these problems are solved.
<実施例4>
 実施例3と同様にして抗菌性被膜を形成した後、加重80g/cm2で不織布を被膜表面に押しつけて10往復擦った。
 このサンプルを、室温の流水中に3日間曝した後、JIS Z 2911に従って抗かび試験を実施した。また、摩擦前後の外観の変化を目視にて評価した。これらの結果を表2に示す。
<Example 4>
After forming an antibacterial coating in the same manner as in Example 3, the nonwoven fabric was pressed against the coating surface at a load of 80 g / cm 2 and rubbed 10 times.
This sample was exposed to running water at room temperature for 3 days and then subjected to an antifungal test according to JIS Z 2911. Further, the change in appearance before and after friction was visually evaluated. These results are shown in Table 2.
<実施例5>
 実施例1と同様にして抗菌性被膜を形成した後、被膜表面に、約0.1μmの厚さ及び約1.5μmの最長径(アスペクト比=約15)を有する鱗片状シリカ(AGCエスアイテック株式会社製サンラブリー(登録商標)LFS-150)を1.0質量%含む水分散液をスプレーにて塗布し、室温で十分に乾燥させて、厚さ約0.2μmの上塗り層を形成した。次いで、加重80g/cm2で不織布を上塗り層表面に押しつけて10往復擦った。
 このサンプルを実施例4と同様に評価した。結果を表2に示す。
<Example 5>
After forming an antibacterial film in the same manner as in Example 1, scaly silica having a thickness of about 0.1 μm and a longest diameter of about 1.5 μm (aspect ratio = about 15) (AGC SITEC) An aqueous dispersion containing 1.0% by mass of Sun Lovely (registered trademark) LFS-150 manufactured by Co., Ltd. was applied by spraying and sufficiently dried at room temperature to form an overcoat layer having a thickness of about 0.2 μm. . Next, the nonwoven fabric was pressed against the surface of the topcoat layer at a load of 80 g / cm 2 and rubbed 10 times.
This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 2.
<実施例6>
 実施例1の抗菌性被膜を形成する代わりに、実施例2の抗菌性被膜を形成したこと以外は実施例5と同様にしてサンプルを作製した。
 このサンプルを実施例4と同様に評価した。結果を表2に示す。
<Example 6>
A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that instead of forming the antibacterial film of Example 1, the antibacterial film of Example 2 was formed.
This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 2.
<実施例7>
 実施例1の抗菌性被膜を形成する代わりに、実施例3の抗菌性被膜を形成したこと以外は実施例5と同様にしてサンプルを作製した。
 このサンプルを実施例4と同様に評価した。結果を表2に示す。
<Example 7>
A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the antibacterial film of Example 3 was formed instead of forming the antibacterial film of Example 1.
This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 2.
<実施例8>
 実施例3と同様にして抗菌性被膜を形成した後、被膜表面に、約0.1μmの厚さ及び約1.5μmの最長径(アスペクト比=約15)を有する鱗片状シリカ(AGCエスアイテック株式会社製サンラブリー(登録商標)LFS-150)を3.0質量%含む水分散液をスプレーにて塗布し、室温で十分に乾燥させて、厚さ約0.5μmの上塗り層を形成した。次いで、加重80g/cm2で不織布を上塗り層表面に押しつけて10往復擦った。
 このサンプルを実施例4と同様に評価した。結果を表2に示す。
<Example 8>
After forming an antibacterial coating in the same manner as in Example 3, scaly silica having a thickness of about 0.1 μm and a longest diameter of about 1.5 μm (aspect ratio = about 15) (AGC SITEC) An aqueous dispersion containing 3.0% by mass of Sun Lovely (registered trademark) LFS-150, manufactured by Co., Ltd. was applied by spraying and sufficiently dried at room temperature to form an overcoat layer having a thickness of about 0.5 μm. . Next, the nonwoven fabric was pressed against the surface of the topcoat layer at a load of 80 g / cm 2 and rubbed 10 times.
This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 2.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
 表2から分かるように、上塗り層を形成していない実施例4では、摩擦試験後に被膜が摩耗して、白濁が僅かに薄くなった上に、抗かび性も劣化した。実施例8では、鱗片状シリカからなる上塗り層を形成したため、耐摩耗性は良好であるが、上塗り層の膜厚が厚いため、抗かび性は実施例4と同等であることが分かる。実施例5~7では、適度な膜厚を有する上塗り層を形成したため、耐摩耗性が向上し、抗かび性の劣化も抑制されている。 As can be seen from Table 2, in Example 4 in which no overcoat layer was formed, the coating was worn after the friction test, the white turbidity was slightly reduced, and the antifungal property was also deteriorated. In Example 8, since the overcoat layer made of scaly silica was formed, the wear resistance was good, but the film thickness of the overcoat layer was thick, and thus the antifungal property was equivalent to that of Example 4. In Examples 5 to 7, since the overcoat layer having an appropriate film thickness was formed, the wear resistance was improved and the deterioration of the antifungal property was also suppressed.
<実施例9>
 0.4μmの平均粒径を有する塊状銅粒子(住友金属鉱山株式会社製CUP-030)を1.0質量%、約0.1μmの厚さ及び約1.5μmの最長径(アスペクト比=約15)を有する鱗片状シリカ(AGCエスアイテック株式会社製サンラブリー(登録商標)LFS-150)を2.5質量%、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂水性分散液(ユニチカ株式会社製アローベース(登録商標)SD-1010)を固形分で2.5質量%を含む水分散液を調製した。
 この水分散液をガラス板上にスプレーにて塗布し、80℃で10分間加熱乾燥させて、ガラス板上に厚さ約1.5μmの抗菌性被膜を形成した(塊状銅粒子と鱗片状シリカとが合計で抗菌性被膜に対して約58質量%の量で存在し、塊状銅粒子が鱗片状シリカに対して40質量%の量で存在する)。次いで、加重80g/cm2で不織布を被膜表面に押しつけて10往復擦った。
 このサンプルを実施例4と同様に評価した。結果を表3に示す。
<Example 9>
Lumped copper particles (CUP-030 manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.) having an average particle diameter of 0.4 μm are 1.0% by mass, a thickness of about 0.1 μm and a longest diameter of about 1.5 μm (aspect ratio = about 15), 2.5% by mass of scale-like silica (Sun Lovely (registered trademark) LFS-150 manufactured by AGC S-Tech Co., Ltd.), modified polyolefin resin aqueous dispersion (arrow base (registered trademark) SD- manufactured by Unitika Ltd.) A water dispersion containing 2.5% by mass of 1010) as a solid content was prepared.
This aqueous dispersion was applied onto a glass plate by spraying and dried by heating at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes to form an antibacterial film having a thickness of about 1.5 μm on the glass plate (lumped copper particles and scaly silica. Are present in an amount of about 58% by mass relative to the antibacterial coating, and massive copper particles are present in an amount of 40% by mass relative to the scaly silica). Next, the nonwoven fabric was pressed against the coating surface with a load of 80 g / cm 2 and rubbed 10 times.
This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 3.
<実施例10>
 0.4μmの平均粒径を有する塊状銅粒子(住友金属鉱山株式会社製CUP-030)を1.0質量%、約0.1μmの厚さ及び約1.5μmの最長径(アスペクト比=約15)を有する鱗片状シリカ(AGCエスアイテック株式会社製サンラブリー(登録商標)LFS-150)を2.5質量%、ポリウレタンエマルジョン(株式会社トクシキ製TKA-100)を固形分で2.5質量%を含む水分散液を調製した。
 この水分散液をガラス板上にスプレーにて塗布し、100℃で15分間加熱乾燥させて、ガラス板上に厚さ約1.2μmの抗菌性被膜を形成した(塊状銅粒子と鱗片状シリカとが合計で抗菌性被膜に対して約58質量%の量で存在し、塊状銅粒子が鱗片状シリカに対して40質量%の量で存在する)。次いで、加重80g/cm2で不織布を被膜表面に押しつけて10往復擦った。
 このサンプルを実施例4と同様に評価した。結果を表3に示す。
<Example 10>
Lumped copper particles (CUP-030 manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.) having an average particle diameter of 0.4 μm are 1.0% by mass, a thickness of about 0.1 μm and a longest diameter of about 1.5 μm (aspect ratio = about 15) scaly silica (Sun Lovely (registered trademark) LFS-150 manufactured by AGC S-Tech Co., Ltd.) is 2.5% by mass, and polyurethane emulsion (TKA-100 manufactured by Tokushiki Co., Ltd.) is 2.5% by mass. % Aqueous dispersion was prepared.
This aqueous dispersion was applied on a glass plate by spraying and dried by heating at 100 ° C. for 15 minutes to form an antibacterial coating having a thickness of about 1.2 μm on the glass plate (lumped copper particles and scaly silica. Are present in an amount of about 58% by mass relative to the antibacterial coating, and massive copper particles are present in an amount of 40% by mass relative to the scaly silica). Next, the nonwoven fabric was pressed against the coating surface with a load of 80 g / cm 2 and rubbed 10 times.
This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 3.
<比較例5>
 0.4μmの平均粒径を有する塊状銅粒子(住友金属鉱山株式会社製CUP-030)を1.0質量%、約0.1μmの厚さ及び約1.5μmの最長径(アスペクト比=約15)を有する鱗片状シリカ(AGCエスアイテック株式会社製サンラブリー(登録商標)LFS-150)を2.5質量%、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂水性分散液(ユニチカ株式会社製アローベース(登録商標)SD-1010)を固形分で4.0質量%を含む水分散液を調製した。
 この水分散液をガラス板上にスプレーにて塗布し、80℃で10分間加熱乾燥させて、ガラス板上に厚さ約1.2μmの抗菌性被膜を形成した(塊状銅粒子と鱗片状シリカとが合計で抗菌性被膜に対して約47質量%の量で存在し、塊状銅粒子が鱗片状シリカに対して40質量%の量で存在する)。次いで、加重80g/cm2で不織布を被膜表面に押しつけて10往復擦った。
 このサンプルを実施例4と同様に評価した。結果を表3に示す。
<Comparative Example 5>
Lumped copper particles (CUP-030 manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.) having an average particle diameter of 0.4 μm are 1.0% by mass, a thickness of about 0.1 μm and a longest diameter of about 1.5 μm (aspect ratio = about 15), 2.5% by mass of scale-like silica (Sun Lovely (registered trademark) LFS-150 manufactured by AGC S-Tech Co., Ltd.), modified polyolefin resin aqueous dispersion (arrow base (registered trademark) SD- manufactured by Unitika Ltd.) An aqueous dispersion containing 4.010% by mass of 1010) was prepared.
This aqueous dispersion was applied onto a glass plate by spraying and dried by heating at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes to form an antibacterial film having a thickness of about 1.2 μm on the glass plate (lumped copper particles and scaly silica. Are present in an amount of about 47% by mass with respect to the antibacterial coating, and massive copper particles are present in an amount of 40% by mass with respect to the flaky silica). Next, the nonwoven fabric was pressed against the coating surface with a load of 80 g / cm 2 and rubbed 10 times.
This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 3.
<比較例6>
 約50μmの平均粒径を有する塊状銅粒子(株式会社高純度化学研究所製)を1.0質量%、約0.1μmの厚さ及び約1.5μmの最長径(アスペクト比=約15)を有する鱗片状シリカ(AGCエスアイテック株式会社製サンラブリー(登録商標)LFS-150)を5.0質量%、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂水性分散液(ユニチカ株式会社製アローベース(登録商標)SD-1010)を固形分で5.0質量%を含む水分散液を調製した。
 この水分散液をガラス板上にスプレーにて塗布し、80℃で10分間加熱乾燥させて、ガラス板上に厚さ約5.0μmの抗菌性被膜を形成した(塊状銅粒子と鱗片状シリカとが合計で抗菌性被膜に対して約55質量%の量で存在し、塊状銅粒子が鱗片状シリカに対して20質量%の量で存在する)。次いで、加重80g/cm2で不織布を被膜表面に押しつけて10往復擦った。
 このサンプルを実施例4と同様に評価した。結果を表3に示す。
<Comparative Example 6>
Lumped copper particles having an average particle diameter of about 50 μm (manufactured by Kojundo Chemical Laboratory Co., Ltd.) 1.0 mass%, thickness of about 0.1 μm and longest diameter of about 1.5 μm (aspect ratio = about 15) Scale-like silica (Sun Lovely (registered trademark) LFS-150 manufactured by AGC S-Tech Co., Ltd.), 5.0% by mass, modified polyolefin resin aqueous dispersion (Arrobase (registered trademark) SD-1010 manufactured by Unitika Ltd.) An aqueous dispersion containing 5.0% by mass in solid content was prepared.
This aqueous dispersion was applied on a glass plate by spraying and dried by heating at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes to form an antibacterial film having a thickness of about 5.0 μm on the glass plate (lumped copper particles and scaly silica. In total in an amount of about 55% by weight with respect to the antibacterial coating, and massive copper particles are present in an amount of 20% by weight with respect to the scaly silica). Next, the nonwoven fabric was pressed against the coating surface with a load of 80 g / cm 2 and rubbed 10 times.
This sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 3.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000003
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000003
 表3から分かるように、実施例9及び10では、摩擦試験後も被膜の外観は変化せず、高い耐摩耗性が得られている。実施例4と実施例9及び10との対比から、樹脂成分の添加により耐摩耗性が向上していることが分かる。更に、実施例9及び10では、摩擦試験後も高い抗かび性が維持されていることが分かる。一方、比較例5では、樹脂成分を被膜に対して50質量%以上添加したため、抗かび性が損なわれている。比較例6では、摩擦試験で塊状銅粒子が脱落し抗かび性が得られなかった。これは、塊状銅粒子が大きいため膜中から脱落しやすいためである。 As can be seen from Table 3, in Examples 9 and 10, the appearance of the coating did not change even after the friction test, and high wear resistance was obtained. From the comparison between Example 4 and Examples 9 and 10, it can be seen that the wear resistance is improved by the addition of the resin component. Furthermore, in Examples 9 and 10, it can be seen that high antifungal properties are maintained after the friction test. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 5, since the resin component was added in an amount of 50% by mass or more based on the coating film, the antifungal property was impaired. In Comparative Example 6, the massive copper particles dropped off in the friction test, and the antifungal property was not obtained. This is because the massive copper particles are large and easily fall off from the film.
<実施例11>
 実施例9と同様の水分散液を調製した。
 この水分散液を、ルームエアコン(三菱電機株式会社製霧ヶ峰(登録商標)MSZ-HM363)の筺体の凝結水が流れる部分(ポリスチレン製)の下流側半分に、掛け流しにて塗布し、室温で十分に乾燥させて、厚さ約1.5μmの抗菌性被膜を形成した。この凝結水が流れる部分は、断面が円弧となる溝形状を有しており、熱交換機から滴下される凝結水を受け止めるとともに、上流側から下流側に向けて凝結水が流れるように勾配が設けられている。抗菌性被膜を下流側に形成した理由は、凝結水が、抗菌性被膜を形成していない部分を流れた後に抗菌性被膜を形成した部分を流れるようにするためである。
 A宅、B宅及びC宅の一般家庭内にルームエアコンを設置し、夏季3ヶ月間(6月15日~9月15日)冷房運転を行った。凝結水が流れる部分を、分光測色計(コニカミノルタ株式会社製CM-600d)を用いて測定し、未使用品との色差ΔE*abを求めた。このΔE*abを汚れの指標とした。結果を表4に示す。
<Example 11>
An aqueous dispersion similar to that in Example 9 was prepared.
This aqueous dispersion was applied to the downstream half of the part (made of polystyrene) through which the condensed water flows of the enclosure of a room air conditioner (Mitsubishi Electric Kirigamine (registered trademark) MSZ-HM363) flowing at room temperature. It was sufficiently dried to form an antibacterial film having a thickness of about 1.5 μm. The portion where the condensed water flows has a groove shape with a circular cross section, and receives the condensed water dripped from the heat exchanger, and a gradient is provided so that the condensed water flows from the upstream side toward the downstream side. It has been. The reason why the antibacterial film is formed on the downstream side is that the condensed water flows through the part where the antibacterial film is formed after flowing through the part where the antibacterial film is not formed.
Room air conditioners were installed in general homes at A, B, and C, and air-conditioning operation was performed for three months in the summer (June 15 to September 15). The portion where condensed water flows was measured using a spectrocolorimeter (CM-600d manufactured by Konica Minolta Co., Ltd.), and the color difference ΔE * ab from the unused product was determined. This ΔE * ab was used as an index of dirt. The results are shown in Table 4.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000004
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000004
 表4から分かるように、抗菌性被膜を形成していない部分に比べ、抗菌性被膜を形成した部分は明らかに着色が少なかった。通常、凝結水が流れる部分は、微生物繁殖による汚れ付着が激しいが、本発明の抗菌性被膜を形成することによりそれが抑制されることが示された。 As can be seen from Table 4, the portion where the antibacterial coating was formed was clearly less colored than the portion where the antibacterial coating was not formed. Usually, in the portion where condensed water flows, dirt adhesion due to microbial propagation is intense, but it has been shown that it is suppressed by forming the antibacterial coating of the present invention.
 なお、本国際出願は、2015年5月15日に出願した日本国特許出願第2015-099824号に基づく優先権を主張するものであり、この日本国特許出願の全内容を本国際出願に援用する。 This international application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-099824 filed on May 15, 2015, and the entire contents of this Japanese patent application are incorporated herein by reference. To do.
 1 基材、2 鱗片状シリカ、3 金属粒子、4 樹脂成分、5 上塗り層、6 下塗り層、10,20,30,40 抗菌性被膜。 1 Substrate, 2 scaly silica, 3 metal particles, 4 resin components, 5 overcoat layer, 6 undercoat layer, 10, 20, 30, 40 antibacterial coating.

Claims (10)

  1.  0.3μm以上25μm以下の平均粒径を有する塊状金属粒子並びに0.01μm以上5μm以下の厚さ及び5以上200以下のアスペクト比を有する鱗片状金属粒子からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の金属粒子と、
     0.0005μm以上0.5μm以下の厚さ及び10以上5000以下のアスペクト比を有する鱗片状シリカと
    を含み、
     前記金属粒子と前記鱗片状シリカとが合計で、前記抗菌性被膜に対して50質量%以上の量で存在し、
     前記金属粒子が、前記鱗片状シリカに対して2質量%以上50質量%以下の量で存在し、且つ
     前記金属粒子は、積層された前記鱗片状シリカの中に埋め込まれた状態であることを特徴とする抗菌性被膜。
    At least one selected from the group consisting of massive metal particles having an average particle size of 0.3 μm or more and 25 μm or less, and scaly metal particles having a thickness of 0.01 μm or more and 5 μm or less and an aspect ratio of 5 or more and 200 or less Metal particles,
    Scaly silica having a thickness of 0.0005 μm to 0.5 μm and an aspect ratio of 10 to 5000,
    The metal particles and the scaly silica are present in a total amount of 50% by mass or more based on the antibacterial coating,
    The metal particles are present in an amount of 2% by mass to 50% by mass with respect to the scaly silica, and the metal particles are embedded in the laminated scaly silica. Characteristic antibacterial coating.
  2.  前記金属粒子が、銅、銀又はこれらの少なくとも1種を主成分とする合金であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の抗菌性被膜。 The antibacterial coating according to claim 1, wherein the metal particles are copper, silver, or an alloy containing at least one of them as a main component.
  3.  樹脂成分を前記抗菌性被膜に対して50質量%未満含むことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の抗菌性被膜。 The antibacterial film according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the resin component is contained in an amount of less than 50% by mass with respect to the antibacterial film.
  4.  請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の抗菌性被膜が基材の表面に形成されていることを特徴とする物品。 An article characterized in that the antibacterial coating according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is formed on a surface of a substrate.
  5.  前記抗菌性被膜を覆うように、0.0005μm以上0.5μm以下の厚さ及び10以上5000以下のアスペクト比を有する鱗片状シリカからなる上塗り層が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の物品。 5. An overcoat layer made of scaly silica having a thickness of 0.0005 μm to 0.5 μm and an aspect ratio of 10 to 5000 is formed so as to cover the antibacterial coating. Articles described in 1.
  6.  前記抗菌性被膜と前記基材との間に、樹脂成分と0.0005μm以上0.5μm以下の厚さ及び10以上5000以下のアスペクト比を有する鱗片状シリカとからなる下塗り層が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項4又は5に記載の物品。 Between the antibacterial coating and the substrate, an undercoat layer made of a resin component and scaly silica having a thickness of 0.0005 μm to 0.5 μm and an aspect ratio of 10 to 5000 is formed. The article according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by the above.
  7.  0.3μm以上25μm以下の平均粒径を有する塊状金属粒子並びに0.01μm以上5μm以下の厚さ及び5以上200以下のアスペクト比を有する鱗片状金属粒子からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の金属粒子と、
     0.0005μm以上0.5μm以下の厚さ及び10以上5000以下のアスペクト比を有する鱗片状シリカと、
     溶媒と
    を含むことを特徴とする抗菌性被膜形成用の塗布液。
    At least one selected from the group consisting of massive metal particles having an average particle size of 0.3 μm or more and 25 μm or less, and scaly metal particles having a thickness of 0.01 μm or more and 5 μm or less and an aspect ratio of 5 or more and 200 or less Metal particles,
    Scaly silica having a thickness of 0.0005 μm to 0.5 μm and an aspect ratio of 10 to 5000;
    A coating liquid for forming an antibacterial film, comprising a solvent.
  8.  前記金属粒子が、銅、銀又はこれらの少なくとも1種を主成分とする合金であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の抗菌性被膜形成用の塗布液。 The coating solution for forming an antibacterial film according to claim 7, wherein the metal particles are copper, silver, or an alloy containing at least one of them as a main component.
  9.  樹脂成分を更に含み、前記塗布液中の固形分が0.1質量%以上30質量%以下であることを特徴とする請求項7又は8に記載の抗菌性被膜形成用の塗布液。 The coating solution for forming an antibacterial film according to claim 7 or 8, further comprising a resin component, wherein the solid content in the coating solution is 0.1% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less.
  10.  請求項7~9の何れか一項に記載の抗菌性被膜形成用の塗布液を基材の表面に塗布する工程と、
     塗布された前記塗布液を乾燥する工程と
    を備えることを特徴とする抗菌性被膜の形成方法。
    Applying a coating solution for forming an antibacterial film according to any one of claims 7 to 9 to the surface of a substrate;
    And a step of drying the applied coating solution. A method for forming an antibacterial film.
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