WO2016185756A1 - 画像処理装置と画像処理方法および撮像素子と撮像装置 - Google Patents
画像処理装置と画像処理方法および撮像素子と撮像装置 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- This technique relates to an image processing apparatus, an image processing method, an image sensor and an image pickup apparatus, and prevents image quality from being deteriorated by processing an image signal from the image sensor.
- a color filter having, for example, a Bayer arrangement is provided on the image pickup surface of the image pickup device, and a signal of one color component is output for each pixel.
- an imaging signal generated by an imaging element is converted into an image signal having pixel values of a plurality of color components such as RGB for each pixel by an interpolation process called demosaic processing.
- various signal processing is performed on the converted image signal, and the image signal after the signal processing is converted into an image signal of a predetermined color space and output.
- the image pickup device for example, by incorporating a high image quality processing unit in the image pickup device, the influence of noise or the like can be reduced even if downsizing, multiple pixels, high sensitivity, etc. are performed.
- the image sensor performs a demosaic process on the image signal
- the image quality improvement processing unit performs a process using the image signal generated by the demosaic process.
- the signal output from the image sensor is a signal with a Bayer array or the like as in the conventional case, the thinning process is performed on the image signal output from the high image quality signal processing unit.
- demosaic processing or color space conversion when performing demosaic processing or color space conversion to a predetermined color space on the image signal output from the image sensor, depending on the color space of the image signal from the image sensor, by demosaic processing or color space conversion, There is a risk of degradation in image quality and color resolution.
- an object of the present technology is to provide an image processing device, an image processing method, an image pickup device, and an image pickup device that can prevent a deterioration in image quality by processing an image signal output from the image pickup device.
- the first aspect of this technology is A color space conversion unit that converts an image signal in the first color space into an image signal in a second color space suitable for conversion into an image signal in a predetermined third color space;
- the second processing unit corresponds to a signal processing unit that generates an image signal indicating each color component from an image signal indicating one color component of the color space for each pixel and outputs the image signal of the third color space.
- Image processing comprising: a thinning processing unit that performs thinning processing of an image signal in a color space and generates an image signal indicating one color component for each pixel from an image signal indicating each color component of the second color space for each pixel In the device.
- the color space conversion unit converts the image signal in the first color space into an image signal in the second color space suitable for conversion into an image signal in a predetermined third color space.
- the second color space is, for example, a color space in which the frequency band of the color component with the most resolution information is wider than the frequency band of the color component with the most resolution information in the third color space, or the second color space from the second color space.
- the noise transfer function value in the color conversion to the third color space is less negative than the color conversion from the first color space to the third color space, or does not cause negative sensitivity in color components with a lot of resolution information.
- the thinning processing unit performs a thinning process on the image signal in the second color space, and generates an image signal indicating one color component in the second color space for each pixel.
- the color space conversion unit may convert the image signal of the first color space into the image signal of each color space including the second color space and the third color space or a plurality of different second color spaces. In this case, the thinning processing unit performs thinning processing on the image signal in each color space.
- the second aspect of this technology is A color space conversion unit that converts an image signal in the first color space into an image signal in a second color space suitable for conversion into an image signal in a predetermined third color space;
- the frequency band of the color component having the most resolution information is wider than the frequency band of the color component having the most resolution information in the third color space.
- the color having no noise transfer function value in the color conversion to the color space of the first color space is smaller than the color conversion from the first color space to the third color space, and the color component having a large amount of resolution information does not cause negative sensitivity. It is in the image processing apparatus as a space.
- the third aspect of this technology is Converting an image signal in the first color space into an image signal in a second color space suitable for conversion into an image signal in a predetermined third color space by a color space conversion unit;
- the thinning-out processing unit corresponds to a signal processing unit that generates an image signal indicating each color component from an image signal indicating one color component of the color space for each pixel and outputs an image signal of the third color space.
- An image processing method includes performing thinning processing of an image signal in a second color space and generating an image signal indicating one color component from an image signal indicating each color component in the second color space for each pixel.
- the fourth aspect of this technology is A sensor unit for generating an image signal of a first color space;
- a circuit unit for performing signal processing of the image signal The circuit section is A color space conversion unit that converts an image signal of the first color space into an image signal of a second color space suitable for conversion into an image signal of a predetermined third color space;
- the second processing unit corresponds to a signal processing unit that generates an image signal indicating each color component from an image signal indicating one color component of the color space for each pixel and outputs the image signal of the third color space.
- the image pickup device includes a thinning processing unit that performs a thinning process on an image signal in a color space and generates an image signal indicating one color component from an image signal indicating each color component in the second color space for each pixel.
- the fifth aspect of this technology is An image sensor and a processor unit that performs signal processing using an image signal output from the image sensor;
- the image sensor is A sensor unit for generating an image signal of a first color space;
- a color space conversion unit that converts an image signal of the first color space into an image signal of a second color space suitable for conversion into an image signal of a predetermined third color space;
- a thinning processing unit that performs thinning processing of the image signal of the second color space and generates an image signal indicating one color component for each pixel from the image signal indicating each color component of the second color space for each pixel;
- the processor unit is A demosaic processing unit that generates an image signal indicating each color component for each pixel from an image signal indicating one color component of the color space for each pixel;
- the image pickup apparatus includes a signal output unit that outputs the image signal generated by the demosaic processing unit in the third color space.
- the image signal in the first color space is converted into the image signal in the second color space suitable for conversion into the image signal in the predetermined third color space. Further, the converted image signal indicating each color component of the second color space for each pixel generates an image signal indicating each color component from the image signal indicating one color component of the color space for each pixel. Thinning processing is performed so as to correspond to a signal processing unit that outputs an image signal in the color space. By this thinning-out process, the converted image signal indicating each color component in the second color space is converted into an image signal indicating one color component in the second color space for each pixel.
- the image processing apparatus of this technique converts an image signal in the first color space into an image signal in a second color space suitable for conversion into an image signal in a predetermined third color space.
- an image signal in a first color space generated by an image sensor using a color filter having a predetermined color arrangement is converted into an image signal indicating each color component in the second color space for each pixel. .
- the image processing apparatus corresponds to a signal processing unit that generates an image signal indicating each color component from an image signal indicating one color component of the color space for each pixel and outputs the image signal of the third color space.
- the thinning process of the image signal in the second color space is performed.
- the image processing apparatus generates an image signal indicating one color component for each pixel from an image signal indicating each color component of the second color space for each pixel.
- an image signal indicating each color component is generated from an image signal indicating one color component of the color space for each pixel by a processor unit connected to the image sensor, and the image signal of the third color space is generated.
- a thinning process of the image signal indicating each color component of the second color space is performed for each pixel so that the output is possible.
- the image processing apparatus generates an image signal indicating one color component of the second color space for each pixel by the thinning process, and outputs the image signal from the imaging device, whereby the image quality of the third image signal output from the processor unit Prevents color resolution degradation.
- the color component having the most resolution information is used as the second color space so that deterioration in image quality and color resolution can be prevented even when demosaic processing is performed using the output image signal.
- a case where a color space having a wide frequency band is used will be described.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the configuration of the first embodiment.
- the imaging device 10 includes an imaging element 20 and a processor unit 30.
- the imaging element 20 includes a sensor unit 21 and a circuit unit 22a.
- the circuit unit 22a includes a demosaic processing unit 221, a signal processing unit 222, a first color space conversion unit 223, and a thinning processing unit 226. Yes.
- the processor unit 30 includes a demosaic processing unit 31, an output color space conversion unit 32, and the like.
- the imaging element 20 is configured by a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) or the like, and a light incident surface of the sensor unit 21 is provided with a color filter having, for example, red R, green G, and blue B pixels as a Bayer array. Yes.
- the sensor unit 21 generates a pixel signal in an RGB color space indicating any one color component of a red component, a green component, and a blue component for each pixel, and outputs the pixel signal to the circuit unit 22a.
- FIG. 2 shows the spectral characteristics of the color filter (RGB color space).
- the demosaic processing unit 221 of the circuit unit 22a performs demosaic processing using the pixel signal. For example, the demosaic processing unit 221 performs color correlation interpolation processing based on an estimation that a red pixel and a blue pixel have a correlation with respect to a green pixel which is a pixel having a color component having the largest resolution information in the local region. The demosaic processing unit 221 performs demosaic processing, generates an image signal indicating a red component, a green component, and a blue component for each pixel, and outputs the image signal to the signal processing unit 222.
- the signal processing unit 222 performs, for example, image quality improvement processing on the image signal supplied from the demosaic processing unit 221.
- the signal processing unit 222 may perform noise removal processing, defective pixel correction processing, or the like as the image quality enhancement processing, and may perform other image quality enhancement processing, such as gradation correction processing, without being limited to these processing. Note that the processing performed by the signal processing unit 222 is not limited to high image quality processing, and other processing may be performed.
- the signal processing unit 222 outputs the processed image signal to the first color space conversion unit 223.
- the first color space conversion unit 223 is a second color signal suitable for converting the image signal of the first color space supplied from the signal processing unit 222 into the image signal of the third color space output from the processor unit 30. Convert to color space image signal.
- the first color space conversion unit 223 can output the image signal of the second color space that can prevent the image quality and the color resolution from being lowered even if the processor unit 30 performs the demosaic process on the image signal of the first color space. This is converted into a signal and output to the thinning processing unit 226.
- the thinning-out processing unit 226 performs thinning-out processing on the image signal after color space conversion, and generates an image signal indicating one color component for each pixel, as in the case of using an image sensor that does not include the circuit unit 22a. And output to the processor unit 30.
- the demosaic processing unit 31 of the processor unit 30 performs demosaic processing using the image signal of the second color space output from the image sensor 20. For example, the demosaic processing unit 31 performs a color correlation interpolation process based on an estimation that there is a color correlation between a predetermined color component and another color component in the local region. The demosaic processing unit 31 generates an image signal indicating each color component for each pixel from the image signal indicating one color component for each pixel, and outputs the image signal to the output color space conversion unit 32 by color correlation interpolation processing.
- the output color space conversion unit 32 performs color space conversion on the image signal supplied from the demosaic processing unit 31 and outputs an image signal of a predetermined third color space when outputting the image signal, for example, an sRGB color space. Converted to an image signal and output.
- the image signal output from the output color space conversion unit 32 may be supplied to, for example, a camera signal processing unit to perform development processing such as gamma correction and white balance adjustment, or may be output to an external device or a recording medium. Good.
- FIG. 3 shows sRGB spectral characteristics (corresponding to a color matching function).
- the demosaic processing unit 31 of the processor unit 30 performs demosaic processing using, for example, a color correlation interpolation method
- the image signal from the image sensor 20 is an RGB color that is the first color space.
- the resolution of the red component is lowered because the green component is small at the frequency of the red component.
- the signal processing unit 222 of the circuit unit 22a performs the image quality enhancement process
- the image based on the image signal generated by the demosaic processing unit 31 is an image with degraded image quality. Therefore, the first color space conversion unit 223 is a second color space suitable for conversion of the RGB color space image signal supplied from the signal processing unit 222 into an sRGB color space image signal output from the processor unit 30. To the image signal.
- the first color space conversion unit 223 uses a color space having a wide band of color components with the largest resolution information, for example, an XYZ color space as a second color space, and an RGB color space image signal as an XYZ color. Convert to a spatial image signal.
- FIG. 4 shows XYZ spectral characteristics (color matching function), which has a wide band of stimulus values Y (amount relating to brightness and green), for example, many components of the stimulus value Y at the frequency of the stimulus value X (amount relating to red). include. For this reason, when the demosaic process of the image signal output from the image sensor 20 is performed by the demosaic processing unit 31 of the processor unit 30, it is possible to prevent the resolution of the stimulus value X (the amount related to red) from being lowered.
- the demosaic processing unit 31 of the processor unit 30 generally does not assume a negative signal, if the image signal output from the image sensor 20 includes a negative sensitivity, the image quality and the color resolution are degraded. There is a fear.
- an image signal output from the image sensor 20 is, for example, an sRGB color space
- a negative signal may be generated in the sRGB color space as shown in FIG.
- discontinuity of the color ratio of red and blue with respect to green may occur when the green component is near “0”, which may cause deterioration in image quality. .
- the first color space conversion unit 223 converts the image signal in the RGB color space into the image signal in the XYZ color space, so that the image quality and color resolution can be prevented from being lowered even when the demosaic process is performed in the processor unit 30. .
- Second Embodiment> Color space conversion is performed by linear matrix processing, but it is known that noise and false colors are amplified by linear matrix processing. Therefore, in the second embodiment, when the processor unit 30 performs color space conversion to an image signal in a predetermined color space, the image sensor 20 can suppress the color of the image signal so that noise and false colors can be suppressed. A case where spatial transformation is performed will be described.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the configuration of the second embodiment.
- the imaging device 10 includes an imaging element 20 and a processor unit 30.
- the imaging element 20 includes a sensor unit 21 and a circuit unit 22b.
- the circuit unit 22b includes a demosaic processing unit 221, a signal processing unit 222, a second color space conversion unit 224, and a thinning processing unit 226. Yes.
- the processor unit 30 includes a demosaic processing unit 31 and an output color space conversion unit 32.
- the imaging element 20 is configured by a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) or the like, and a light incident surface of the sensor unit 21 is provided with a color filter having, for example, red R, green G, and blue B pixels as a Bayer array. Yes.
- the sensor unit 21 generates a pixel signal indicating any one color component of a red component, a green component, and a blue component for each pixel and outputs the pixel signal to the circuit unit 22b.
- the demosaic processing unit 221 of the circuit unit 22b performs demosaic processing using the pixel signal.
- the demosaic processing unit 221 performs demosaic processing, generates an image signal indicating a red component, a green component, and a blue component for each pixel, and outputs the image signal to the signal processing unit 222.
- the signal processing unit 222 performs the image quality improvement processing on the image signal supplied from the demosaic processing unit 221 as described above, and outputs the processed image signal to the second color space conversion unit 224.
- the second color space conversion unit 224 is a second color space suitable for converting the image signal of the first color space supplied from the signal processing unit 222 into the image signal of the third color space output from the processor unit 30. It is converted into an image signal in the color space and output to the thinning processing unit 226.
- the second color space conversion unit 224 converts the image signal of the first color space into the signal of the second color space, for example, so that the image quality and the color resolution can be obtained even when the demosaic process is performed in the processor unit 30. It is possible to prevent a decrease in the level.
- the second color space conversion unit 224 converts the image signal of the first color space into the signal of the second color space, so that noise is generated when the processor unit 30 performs conversion to the third color space. And to be able to suppress false colors.
- the thinning-out processing unit 226 performs thinning-out processing on the image signal after color space conversion, and generates an image signal indicating one color component for each pixel, as in the case of using an image sensor that does not include the circuit unit 22b. And output to the processor unit 30.
- the demosaic processing unit 31 of the processor unit 30 performs demosaic processing using the image signal after color space conversion output from the image sensor 20 as described above.
- the demosaic processing unit 31 performs demosaic processing, generates an image signal indicating each color component for each pixel, and outputs the image signal to the output color space conversion unit 32.
- the output color space conversion unit 32 performs color space conversion on the image signal supplied from the demosaic processing unit 31 and outputs an image signal of a predetermined third color space when outputting the image signal, for example, an sRGB color space. Converted to an image signal and output.
- the image signal output from the output color space conversion unit 32 may be supplied to, for example, a camera signal processing unit to perform development processing, or may be output to an external device or a recording medium.
- the linear matrix coefficient when the output color space is converted to the optimal color space before the color space conversion is set as the linear matrix coefficient LM (P) as shown in the equation (1).
- the linear matrix coefficient when converting the optimum color space to the output color space is defined as a linear matrix coefficient LM (Q) as shown in Expression (2).
- the output color space is sRGB color space and the optimum color space is CS color space.
- the pixel (r ⁇ , g ⁇ , b ⁇ ) at the frequency ⁇ in the sRGB color space is converted into the pixel (r ′ ⁇ , g) in the CS color space based on the equation (3). ' ⁇ , b' ⁇ ).
- the component r ′ ⁇ of the CS color space can be calculated based on Equation (4). Further, if the noise at this time is a noise that has no correlation with the components r ⁇ , g ⁇ , and b ⁇ , the variance Var (r ′ ⁇ ) of the component r ′ ⁇ can be defined as in Equation (5). Further, in equation (5), assuming that the noise levels of the components r ⁇ , g ⁇ , and b ⁇ are equal and the relationship shown in equation (6) is established, equation (5) becomes equation (7).
- the variance Var (r ′ ⁇ ) indicating the noise level of the component r ′ ⁇ is a value obtained by multiplying the variance Var (r ⁇ ) indicating the noise level of the component r ⁇ by the coefficient “a1 2 + a2 2 + a3 2 ”. It becomes. Accordingly, in the color space conversion using the linear matrix coefficient LM (P), the coefficient “a1 2 + a2 2 + a3 2 ” is a noise transfer function from the component r ⁇ to the component r ′ ⁇ .
- a noise transfer function from the component g ⁇ to the component g ′ ⁇ and a noise transfer function from the component b ⁇ to the component b ′ ⁇ can be obtained. Furthermore, the noise transfer function from the component r ′ ⁇ to the component r ⁇ , the noise transfer function from the component g ′ ⁇ to the component g ⁇ , and the component b ′ ⁇ in the color space conversion in the case of using the linear matrix coefficient LM (Q). The noise transfer function from the component b ⁇ to the component b ⁇ can be obtained in the same manner.
- the linear matrix coefficients are determined so that the noise transfer function value is as small as possible. For example, a coefficient that minimizes the sum of the noise transfer function value based on the linear matrix coefficient LM (P) and the noise transfer function value based on the linear matrix coefficient LM (Q) is obtained based on Expression (8).
- MIN (a1 2 + a2 2 + a3 2 + b1 2 + b2 2 + b3 2 + C1 2 + c2 2 + c3 2 ) + (d1 2 + d2 2 + d3 2 + E1 2 + e2 2 + e3 2 + f1 2 + f2 2 + f3 2 ) ⁇ J (8)
- the noise transfer function by the linear matrix coefficient LM (P) when converting the sRGB color space to the CS color space is a stabilization term for calculating the optimized color space.
- the noise transfer function by the linear matrix coefficient LM (Q) when the CS color space is converted to the sRGB color space is the objective function.
- constraints are set so that image quality and color resolution can be reduced and noise and false colors can be prevented.
- the color component with the largest resolution information should not have negative sensitivity.
- the color component with the largest resolution information when the color component with the largest resolution information is near “0”, the discontinuity of the color ratio with other colors occurs and the image quality deteriorates. There is a fear. Therefore, in the CS color space, for example, “min ( g′ ⁇ )> 0” is set so that the image quality is not deteriorated even if the demosaic process using the color correlation with green is performed.
- the color component with the largest resolution information is set to have a sensitivity of a predetermined amount or more.
- the color resolution decreases when the band of the color component having the largest resolution information is narrow. Therefore, for example, by using color components of an XYZ color space that does not generate a negative value, in a CS color space, “r ′ ⁇ > MAX (X ⁇ , Y ⁇ , Z ⁇ ) ⁇ K” and a quantity having sensitivity is a coefficient Adjust with K. For example, by setting the coefficient K to “0.2”, the sensitivity is 20% or more of each color component in the XYZ color space.
- Constraint condition 3 The diagonal component of the linear matrix coefficient is maximized to prevent multiple solutions. That is, the linear matrix coefficient LM (Q) that satisfies “max (d2, d3 ⁇ d1)”, “max (e1, e3 ⁇ e2)”, and “max (f1, f2 ⁇ f3”) is determined.
- linear matrix coefficients that satisfy the above constraints and have the smallest noise transfer function value are calculated.
- the linear matrix coefficients may be calculated using a commonly used minimization method.
- the constraint condition for color space optimization is an example, and the constraint condition may be added, deleted, changed, or the like according to the interface condition or the like.
- FIG. 6 shows the CS spectral characteristic (color matching function).
- FIG. 7 shows linear matrix coefficients and noise transfer function values when color space conversion to the sRGB color space is performed.
- 7A shows a case where color space conversion from the CS color space to the sRGB color space is performed
- FIG. 7B shows a case where color space conversion from the XYZ color space to the sRGB color space is performed. Yes.
- FIG. 7C shows a case where color space conversion from the RGB color space to the sRGB color space is performed.
- the second color space conversion unit 224 converts the image signal supplied from the signal processing unit 222 into an image signal in the CS color space set by color space optimization, and outputs the image signal to the thinning processing unit 226.
- the green component band is wide, and many green components are included at red and blue frequencies. For this reason, in the demosaic process of the image signal output from the image sensor 20 by the demosaic processing unit 31 of the processor unit 30, it is possible to prevent a reduction in red or blue resolution. In addition, since the green component does not become a negative signal, it is possible to prevent a decrease in color resolution. Further, as apparent from FIG. 7, the noise transfer function value is the smallest when the CS color space is used. Therefore, in the color space conversion in which the output color space conversion unit 32 of the processor unit 30 converts the CS color space image signal into the sRGB color space image signal, noise and false colors can be suppressed.
- negative signals may be generated with respect to red and blue. If the input of the processor unit does not correspond to a negative signal, it can be dealt with by adding a predetermined offset amount.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration in the case of connection using the output color space.
- the imaging device 10 includes an imaging element 20 and a processor unit 30.
- the imaging element 20 includes a sensor unit 21 and a circuit unit 22c.
- the circuit unit 22c includes a demosaic processing unit 221, a signal processing unit 222, a third color space conversion unit 225, and a thinning processing unit 226. Yes.
- the processor unit 30 includes a demosaic processing unit 31.
- the imaging element 20 is configured by a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) or the like, and a light incident surface of the sensor unit 21 is provided with a color filter having, for example, red R, green G, and blue B pixels as a Bayer array. Yes.
- the sensor unit 21 generates a pixel signal indicating any one color component of a red component, a green component, and a blue component for each pixel, and outputs the pixel signal to the demosaic processing unit 221 of the circuit unit 22c.
- the demosaic processing unit 221 performs demosaic processing using the pixel signal.
- the demosaic processing unit 221 performs demosaic processing, generates an image signal indicating a red component, a green component, and a blue component for each pixel, and outputs the image signal to the signal processing unit 222.
- the signal processing unit 222 performs the image quality improvement processing on the image signal supplied from the demosaic processing unit 221 as described above, and outputs the processed image signal to the third color space conversion unit 225.
- the third color space conversion unit 225 converts the image signal supplied from the signal processing unit 222 into the color space of the image signal output from the processor unit 30.
- the thinning-out processing unit 226 performs thinning-out processing on the image signal supplied from the third color space conversion unit 225, and similarly to the case where it is used with an image pickup device not provided with the circuit unit 22c, one color component for each pixel. Is generated and output to the processor unit 30.
- the demosaic processing unit 31 of the processor unit 30 performs demosaic processing using the image signal after color space conversion output from the image sensor 20 as described above.
- the demosaic processing unit 31 performs demosaic processing and generates an image signal indicating each color component for each pixel.
- the image signal output from the demosaic processing unit 31 may be supplied to, for example, a camera signal processing unit to perform development processing, or may be output to an external device or a recording medium.
- the color space of the sensor unit 21 is an RGB color space and the output color space is an sRGB color space
- a negative signal may occur in the green component in the sRGB color space, as is apparent from FIG.
- demosaic processing is performed using the color correlation for green in the unit 30, there is a possibility that the color resolution may be lowered when the green component is near “0”.
- the noise transfer function value in the color space conversion from the RGB color space to the sRGB color space is small, and it can be suppressed that noise and false colors are amplified by the color space conversion.
- the image output from the demosaic processing unit 31 of the processor unit 30 has less noise and false color, and color resolution is degraded. Can be made inconspicuous.
- the imaging device 10 selects the color space used for connection according to the characteristics of the image and the characteristics of color space conversion. . For example, in the edge portion and the detail portion, when the resolution or the like is lowered, the image quality is significantly reduced. Therefore, in a region such as an edge portion or a detail portion, a color space having a characteristic with a wide band of color components having the largest resolution information is selected. Further, since noise is conspicuous in the flat portion, a color space having a small noise transfer function value is selected in the flat portion region to suppress an increase in noise. If the color component signal with the most resolution information in the color space to be selected is a negative signal and there is a risk of a decrease in color resolution, the color area that is a negative signal may have another color space. Select.
- the areas such as the flat part and the edge part are discriminated based on the feature amount calculated from the image signal.
- the signal level difference between the pixels is small in the flat portion. Therefore, the flatness information of the image based on the image signal, specifically, the dynamic range in a predetermined range based on the position of the target pixel is used as the feature amount.
- the feature amount may be a feature amount of a primary differential system (for example, an adjacent pixel absolute difference value or its sum), a feature amount based on a frequency component, or the like.
- the present invention is not limited to the case where one feature amount is used, and a plurality of feature amounts may be used in combination to determine a region such as a flat portion or an edge portion.
- the determination of the color region that becomes a negative signal may be performed by, for example, extracting a color region that becomes a negative signal using a filter or the like.
- the circuit unit of the image sensor 20 When the color space is adaptively switched, the circuit unit of the image sensor 20 performs color space conversion of the image signal output from the signal processing unit, and can select a color space such as an XYZ color space, a CS color space, and an sRGB color space. , Or any two of these color space image signals. Further, the circuit unit performs a thinning process on the image signal for each color space for each color space and outputs the result to the processor unit 30. The processor unit 30 performs demosaic processing for each selectable color space. Further, the processor unit 30 determines an optimal color space according to image characteristics and color space conversion characteristics, and selects an image signal after demosaic processing of the determined color space. Further, when the color space of the selected image signal is not the output color space, the processor unit 30 converts the color space of the selected image signal into the output color space.
- a color space such as an XYZ color space, a CS color space, and an sRGB color space. , Or any
- the image signal of the output color space with less image quality and color resolution and less noise and false colors can be obtained. Can be generated.
- the color space is not limited to the RGB color space, and may be another color space.
- a pixel signal in the WRG color space may be generated using a color filter composed of red, green, and white pixels.
- the output color space is not limited to the sRGB color space but may be another color space.
- connection color space is a color space of an image signal supplied from the image sensor 20 to the processor unit 30. is there.
- ⁇ indicates that the condition is satisfied
- X indicates that the condition is not satisfied.
- the ⁇ mark is an intermediate state.
- symbol “ -” indicates that the condition is not satisfied as compared with the symbol “ ⁇ ”.
- Table 2 shows a list of performance evaluations for each connection color space.
- ⁇ indicates that satisfactory performance is satisfied, and X indicates that desired performance is not obtained.
- ⁇ mark is an intermediate state.
- symbol “ -” indicates that the performance is lower than the symbol “ ⁇ ”.
- the series of processes described in the specification can be executed by hardware, software, or a combined configuration of both.
- the image processing device may be provided separately from the imaging device.
- the present invention can be applied to a signal processing system that records an image signal generated by a sensor unit of an image sensor on a recording medium and performs signal processing of the image signal recorded on the recording medium.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of the image processing apparatus.
- the image processing apparatus acquires an image signal in the first color space.
- the image processing apparatus acquires the image signal of the first color space from the sensor unit or the storage device, and proceeds to step ST2.
- step ST2 the image processing apparatus performs color space conversion.
- the image processing apparatus converts the image signal in the first color space into an image signal in the second color space suitable for conversion into an image signal in the predetermined third color space, and proceeds to step ST3.
- the image processing apparatus performs a thinning process.
- the image processing apparatus corresponds to a signal processing unit that generates an image signal indicating each color component from an image signal indicating one color component of the color space for each pixel and outputs an image signal of the third color space. Thinning processing of the image signal in the second color space is performed.
- the image processing apparatus generates an image signal indicating one color component for each pixel from the image signal indicating each color component of the second color space for each pixel by performing a thinning process.
- the program recording the process of FIG. 9 is installed and executed in a memory in a computer incorporated in dedicated hardware.
- the program can be installed and executed on a general-purpose computer capable of executing various processes.
- the program can be recorded in advance on a hard disk or ROM (Read Only Memory) as a recording medium.
- the program can be temporarily or permanently stored on a removable recording medium such as a flexible disk, CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory), MO (Magneto optical disc), DVD (Digital Versatile Disc), magnetic disk, semiconductor memory card, etc. Can be stored (recorded).
- a removable recording medium can be provided as so-called package software.
- the program may be transferred from the download site to the computer wirelessly or by wire via a network such as a LAN (Local Area Network) or the Internet.
- the computer can receive the program transferred in this way and install it on a recording medium such as a built-in hard disk.
- the image processing apparatus may have the following configuration.
- the second processing unit corresponds to a signal processing unit that generates an image signal indicating each color component from an image signal indicating one color component of the color space for each pixel and outputs the image signal of the third color space.
- Image processing comprising: a thinning processing unit that performs thinning processing of an image signal in a color space and generates an image signal indicating one color component for each pixel from an image signal indicating each color component of the second color space for each pixel apparatus.
- the second color space is a color space in which the frequency band of the color component with the most resolution information is wider than the frequency band of the color component with the most resolution information in the third color space.
- the second color space has a noise transfer function value in color conversion from the second color space to the third color space, from the first color space to the third color space.
- the second color space is a color space in which a color component having a lot of resolution information has a sensitivity of a predetermined ratio or more with respect to each color component of the XYZ color space.
- Image processing apparatus (6)
- the color space conversion unit converts the image signal of the first color space into an image of each color space including the second color space and the third color space or a plurality of different second color spaces. Convert it into a signal
- the image processing apparatus according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the thinning processing unit performs a thinning process on the image signal of each color space.
- the image signal in the first color space is in the second color space suitable for conversion into the image signal in the predetermined third color space. Converted to image signal. Further, the converted image signal indicating each color component of the second color space for each pixel generates an image signal indicating each color component from the image signal indicating one color component of the color space for each pixel. Thinning processing is performed so as to correspond to a signal processing unit that outputs an image signal in the color space, and an image signal indicating one color component in the second color space is obtained for each pixel.
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Abstract
Description
第1の色空間の画像信号を、所定の第3の色空間の画像信号への変換に適した第2の色空間の画像信号に変換する色空間変換部と、
画素毎に色空間の1つの色成分を示す画像信号から各色成分を示す画像信号を生成して前記第3の色空間の画像信号を出力する信号処理部に対応するように、前記第2の色空間の画像信号の間引き処理を行い、画素毎に前記第2の色空間の各色成分を示す画像信号から画素毎に1つの色成分を示す画像信号を生成する間引き処理部と
を備える画像処理装置にある。
第1の色空間の画像信号を、所定の第3の色空間の画像信号への変換に適した第2の色空間の画像信号に変換する色空間変換部を備え、
前記第2の色空間は、解像度情報の最も多い色成分の周波数帯域が前記第3の色空間における解像度情報の最も多い色成分の周波数帯域よりも広く、前記第2の色空間から前記第3の色空間への色変換におけるノイズ伝達関数値が、前記第1の色空間から前記第3の色空間への色変換よりも少なく、前記解像度情報の多い色成分で負の感度を生じない色空間とする画像処理装置にある。
色空間変換部で、第1の色空間の画像信号を、所定の第3の色空間の画像信号への変換に適した第2の色空間の画像信号に変換することと、
画素毎に色空間の1つの色成分を示す画像信号から各色成分を示す画像信号を生成して第3の色空間の画像信号を出力する信号処理部に対応するように、間引き処理部で前記第2の色空間の画像信号の間引き処理を行い、画素毎に前記第2の色空間の各色成分を示す画像信号から1つの色成分を示す画像信号を生成すること
を含む画像処理方法にある。
第1の色空間の画像信号を生成するセンサ部と、
前記画像信号の信号処理を行う回路部とを備え、
前記回路部は、
前記第1の色空間の画像信号を、所定の第3の色空間の画像信号への変換に適した第2の色空間の画像信号に変換する色空間変換部と、
画素毎に色空間の1つの色成分を示す画像信号から各色成分を示す画像信号を生成して前記第3の色空間の画像信号を出力する信号処理部に対応するように、前記第2の色空間の画像信号の間引き処理を行い、画素毎に前記第2の色空間の各色成分を示す画像信号から1つの色成分を示す画像信号を生成する間引き処理部と
を有する撮像素子にある。
撮像素子と前記撮像素子から出力された画像信号を用いて信号処理を行うプロセッサ部を有し、
前記撮像素子は、
第1の色空間の画像信号を生成するセンサ部と、
前記第1の色空間の画像信号を、所定の第3の色空間の画像信号への変換に適した第2の色空間の画像信号に変換する色空間変換部と、
前記第2の色空間の画像信号の間引き処理を行い、画素毎に前記第2の色空間の各色成分を示す画像信号から画素毎に1つの色成分を示す画像信号を生成する間引き処理部を備え、
前記プロセッサ部は、
画素毎に色空間の1つの色成分を示す画像信号から画素毎に各色成分を示す画像信号を生成するデモザイク処理部と、
前記デモザイク処理部で生成された画像信号を前記第3の色空間で出力する信号出力部を備える
を備える撮像装置にある。
1.第1の実施の形態
2.第2の実施の形態
3.他の実施の形態
この技術の画像処理装置は、第1の色空間の画像信号を、所定の第3の色空間の画像信号への変換に適した第2の色空間の画像信号に変換する。例えば、画像処理装置では、所定の色配列のカラーフィルタを用いた撮像素子によって生成された第1の色空間の画像信号を画素毎に第2の色空間の各色成分を示す画像信号に変換する。
次に、第2の実施の形態について説明する。色空間の変換はリニアマトリクス処理によって行われるが、ノイズや偽色はリニアマトリクス処理によって増幅されてしまうことが知られている。そこで、第2の実施の形態では、プロセッサ部30で所定の色空間の画像信号への色空間変換を行う場合にノイズや偽色を抑えることができるように、撮像素子20で画像信号の色空間変換を行う場合について説明する。
r’λ=a1・rλ+a2・gλ+a3・bλ ・・・(4)
Var(r’λ)= a12*Var(rλ)
+a22*Var(gλ)
+a32*Var(bλ) ・・・(5)
Var(rλ)=Var(gλ)=Var(bλ) ・・・(6)
Var(r’λ)=(a12+a22+a32)*Var(rλ)・・・(7)
MIN(a12+a22+a32+b12+b22+b32
+c12+c22+c32)+(d12+d22+d32
+e12+e22+e32+f12+f22+f32)×J・・・(8)
ところで、上述の実施の形態は、画面全体が同一色空間である場合を説明したが、接続に用いる色空間は画素毎または複数画素からなる画像領域毎に適応的に切り換えてもよい。また、撮像素子20とプロセッサ部30の接続に用いる色空間は、上述の第1の実施の形態の色空間や第2の実施の形態の色空間に限らず例えば出力色空間を用いてもよい。
(1) 第1の色空間の画像信号を、所定の第3の色空間の画像信号への変換に適した第2の色空間の画像信号に変換する色空間変換部と、
画素毎に色空間の1つの色成分を示す画像信号から各色成分を示す画像信号を生成して前記第3の色空間の画像信号を出力する信号処理部に対応するように、前記第2の色空間の画像信号の間引き処理を行い、画素毎に前記第2の色空間の各色成分を示す画像信号から画素毎に1つの色成分を示す画像信号を生成する間引き処理部と
を備える画像処理装置。
(2) 前記第2の色空間は、解像度情報の最も多い色成分の周波数帯域が前記第3の色空間における解像度情報の最も多い色成分の周波数帯域よりも広い色空間とする(1)に記載の画像処理装置。
(3) 前記第2の色空間は、前記第2の色空間から前記第3の色空間への色変換におけるノイズ伝達関数値が、前記第1の色空間から前記第3の色空間への色変換よりも少ない色空間とする(1)または(2)に記載の画像処理装置。
(4) 前記第2の色空間は、解像度情報の多い色成分で負の感度を生じない色空間とする(1)乃至(3)のいずれかに記載の画像処理装置。
(5) 前記第2の色空間は、解像度情報の多い色成分がXYZ色空間の各色成分に対して所定割合以上の感度を有する色空間とする(1)乃至(4)のいずれかに記載の画像処理装置。
(6) 前記色空間変換部は、前記第1の色空間の画像信号を、前記第2の色空間と前記第3の色空間または異なる複数の前記第2の色空間を含む各色空間の画像信号に変換して、
前記間引き処理部は、前記各色空間の画像信号に対して間引き処理を行う(1)乃至(5)のいずれかに記載の画像処理装置。
20・・・撮像素子
21・・・センサ部
22a,22b,22c・・・回路部
30・・・プロセッサ部
31,221・・・デモザイク処理部
32・・・出力色空間変換部
222・・・信号処理部
223・・・第1色空間変換部
224・・・第2色空間変換部
225・・・第3色空間変換部
226・・・間引き処理部
Claims (13)
- 第1の色空間の画像信号を、所定の第3の色空間の画像信号への変換に適した第2の色空間の画像信号に変換する色空間変換部と、
画素毎に色空間の1つの色成分を示す画像信号から各色成分を示す画像信号を生成して前記第3の色空間の画像信号を出力する信号処理部に対応するように、前記第2の色空間の画像信号の間引き処理を行い、画素毎に前記第2の色空間の各色成分を示す画像信号から画素毎に1つの色成分を示す画像信号を生成する間引き処理部と
を備える画像処理装置。 - 前記第2の色空間は、解像度情報の最も多い色成分の周波数帯域が前記第3の色空間における解像度情報の最も多い色成分の周波数帯域よりも広い色空間とする
請求項1記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記第2の色空間は、前記第2の色空間から前記第3の色空間への色変換におけるノイズ伝達関数値が、前記第1の色空間から前記第3の色空間への色変換よりも少ない色空間とする
請求項1記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記第2の色空間は、解像度情報の多い色成分で負の感度を生じない色空間とする
請求項1記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記第2の色空間は、解像度情報の多い色成分がXYZ色空間の各色成分に対して所定割合以上の感度を有する色空間とする
請求項1記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記色空間変換部は、前記第1の色空間の画像信号を、前記第2の色空間と前記第3の色空間または異なる複数の前記第2の色空間を含む各色空間の画像信号に変換して、
前記間引き処理部は、前記各色空間の画像信号に対して間引き処理を行う
請求項1記載の画像処理装置。 - 第1の色空間の画像信号を、所定の第3の色空間の画像信号への変換に適した第2の色空間の画像信号に変換する色空間変換部を備え、
前記第2の色空間は、解像度情報の最も多い色成分の周波数帯域が前記第3の色空間における解像度情報の最も多い色成分の周波数帯域よりも広く、前記第2の色空間から前記第3の色空間への色変換におけるノイズ伝達関数値が、前記第1の色空間から前記第3の色空間への色変換よりも少なく、前記解像度情報の多い色成分で負の感度を生じない色空間とする画像処理装置。 - 色空間変換部で、第1の色空間の画像信号を、所定の第3の色空間の画像信号への変換に適した第2の色空間の画像信号に変換することと、
画素毎に色空間の1つの色成分を示す画像信号から各色成分を示す画像信号を生成して第3の色空間の画像信号を出力する信号処理部に対応するように、間引き処理部で前記第2の色空間の画像信号の間引き処理を行い、画素毎に前記第2の色空間の各色成分を示す画像信号から1つの色成分を示す画像信号を生成すること
を含む画像処理方法。 - 第1の色空間の画像信号を生成するセンサ部と、
前記画像信号の信号処理を行う回路部とを備え、
前記回路部は、
前記第1の色空間の画像信号を、所定の第3の色空間の画像信号への変換に適した第2の色空間の画像信号に変換する色空間変換部と、
画素毎に色空間の1つの色成分を示す画像信号から各色成分を示す画像信号を生成して前記第3の色空間の画像信号を出力する信号処理部に対応するように、前記第2の色空間の画像信号の間引き処理を行い、画素毎に前記第2の色空間の各色成分を示す画像信号から1つの色成分を示す画像信号を生成する間引き処理部と
を有する撮像素子。 - 前記回路部は、
画素毎に色空間の1つの色成分を示す前記画像信号から画素毎に各色成分を示す画像信号を生成するデモザイク処理部と、
前記デモザイク処理部で生成された画像信号の高画質化処理を行う信号処理部をさらに有し、
前記色空間変換部は、前記信号処理部で高画質化処理が行われた前記第1の色空間の画像信号を第2の色空間の画像信号に変換する
請求項9記載の撮像素子。 - 撮像素子と前記撮像素子から出力された画像信号を用いて信号処理を行うプロセッサ部を有し、
前記撮像素子は、
第1の色空間の画像信号を生成するセンサ部と、
前記第1の色空間の画像信号を、所定の第3の色空間の画像信号への変換に適した第2の色空間の画像信号に変換する色空間変換部と、
前記第2の色空間の画像信号の間引き処理を行い、画素毎に前記第2の色空間の各色成分を示す画像信号から画素毎に1つの色成分を示す画像信号を生成する間引き処理部を備え、
前記プロセッサ部は、
画素毎に色空間の1つの色成分を示す画像信号から画素毎に各色成分を示す画像信号を生成するデモザイク処理部と、
前記デモザイク処理部で生成された画像信号を前記第3の色空間で出力する信号出力部を備える
を備える撮像装置。 - 前記プロセッサ部は、複数の色空間の画像信号からいずれかの画像信号を選択する画像信号選択部をさらに備え、
前記色空間変換部は、前記第1の色空間の画像信号を、前記第2の色空間と前記第3の色空間または異なる複数の前記第2の色空間を含む各色空間の画像信号に変換して、
前記画像信号選択部は、前記デモザイク処理部で生成された色空間毎の画像信号から、前記画像信号に基づく画像の特徴と色空間変換の特性に応じて画像信号を選択して、
前記信号出力部は、前記画像信号選択部で選択された画像信号を出力する
請求項11記載の撮像装置。 - 前記画像信号選択部は、前記画像の特徴として平坦度情報を用いる
請求項12記載の撮像装置。
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US20180183998A1 (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-28 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Power reduction and performance improvement through selective sensor image downscaling |
US11615763B2 (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2023-03-28 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Color gamut compression and extension |
CN118176738A (zh) * | 2021-10-28 | 2024-06-11 | 特里普拉里·辛格 | 捕获彩色图像的方法和*** |
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JP2006211369A (ja) * | 2005-01-28 | 2006-08-10 | Pentax Corp | 色変換マトリクス算出方法および画像信号処理装置 |
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JP2006211369A (ja) * | 2005-01-28 | 2006-08-10 | Pentax Corp | 色変換マトリクス算出方法および画像信号処理装置 |
JP2006222783A (ja) * | 2005-02-10 | 2006-08-24 | Seiko Epson Corp | 色変換テーブルの作成 |
JP2010507281A (ja) * | 2006-10-13 | 2010-03-04 | アップル インコーポレイテッド | 予め設定された階調再現曲線を使用して画像を処理するためのシステム及び方法 |
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JPWO2016185756A1 (ja) | 2018-03-08 |
JP6760276B2 (ja) | 2020-09-23 |
CN107615760B (zh) | 2021-03-12 |
US10467728B2 (en) | 2019-11-05 |
CN107615760A (zh) | 2018-01-19 |
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