WO2016173566A1 - 飞行摩托车或汽车及其飞行姿态调整方法 - Google Patents

飞行摩托车或汽车及其飞行姿态调整方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016173566A1
WO2016173566A1 PCT/CN2016/083430 CN2016083430W WO2016173566A1 WO 2016173566 A1 WO2016173566 A1 WO 2016173566A1 CN 2016083430 W CN2016083430 W CN 2016083430W WO 2016173566 A1 WO2016173566 A1 WO 2016173566A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
propeller
aircraft
flying
flying motorcycle
motorcycle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/083430
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈乐春
Original Assignee
江苏数字鹰科技发展有限公司
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Publication of WO2016173566A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016173566A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C27/00Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
    • B64C27/04Helicopters
    • B64C27/08Helicopters with two or more rotors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C27/00Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
    • B64C27/22Compound rotorcraft, i.e. aircraft using in flight the features of both aeroplane and rotorcraft
    • B64C27/28Compound rotorcraft, i.e. aircraft using in flight the features of both aeroplane and rotorcraft with forward-propulsion propellers pivotable to act as lifting rotors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a small aircraft and an operation control method thereof, and in particular to a flying motorcycle or a vehicle and a method for adjusting the flight attitude thereof.
  • Fixed-wing aircraft generally use two methods of steering, one is purely vertical tail steering, and the other is wing aileron with horizontal tail steering. It is relatively rare to rely solely on the vertical tail. Because the vertical tail has the function of controlling the turning of the aircraft, one of the most important functions is to keep the aircraft stable. It is impossible to use the vertical tail for a large turn.
  • the wing aileron cooperates with the horizontal tail steer. It is through the aileron lifting, tilting the fuselage and turning by the centrifugal force. This method requires the aircraft to have a tilting action. It is applied on the personal aircraft and will increase the driver. The safety risk is not suitable for personal aircraft use. It is also used in observation and monitoring, and is not conducive to the loading and transportation of equipment and instruments.
  • the existing multi-rotor aircraft uses the change of the aircraft engine output power or the blade pitch to change the attitude of the aircraft.
  • the pitch of the blade requires computer programming to perform accurate calculations. The process is cumbersome and difficult to popularize, and it is not easy to cope with the complicated and varied flight environment. With this flight attitude control method, the aircraft will still tilt during flight. Increase the safety risk of riding.
  • the present invention provides a flying motorcycle or a vehicle and a method for adjusting the attitude thereof.
  • a flying motorcycle or a car including a fuselage, the propeller and the propeller are disposed on the fuselage a driving device; a propeller is mounted in the propeller; the propeller driving device controls a rotating direction of the propeller; the propeller includes a front propeller and a rear propeller; the front propeller includes a symmetry A left front thruster mounted on the left side of the front of the fuselage and a right front thruster mounted on the right side of the front of the fuselage; the rear thruster is mounted behind the fuselage.
  • the rear propeller is installed in one or two; when a rear propeller is installed, the rear propeller is installed directly behind the aircraft; when installing two rear parts In the case of the propeller, the rear propeller is symmetrically mounted on the left and rear right sides of the rear of the aircraft.
  • a further technical solution is: The propeller is equipped with an anti-inhalation net.
  • the structure of the propeller and propeller driving device includes at least the following three ways:
  • the first type the propeller is a ducted turbofan engine;
  • the propeller driving device includes a ball shaft and a first hydraulic device; and one end of the ball shaft is a universal ball joint bearing end, which is connected in the aircraft, and One end is a fixed end, and the side of the propeller is connected;
  • the first hydraulic device has a universal ball joint bearing end at one end, is fixed on the aircraft, and the other end is a telescopic fixed end fixed to the propeller Side view; at least three of the first hydraulic devices are mounted in an annular equidistant manner centering on the shaft of the ball shaft.
  • the propeller is a ducted turbofan engine, and at least one baffle is installed inside the propeller; when a plurality of baffles are installed, the baffles are parallel to each other;
  • the propeller driving device includes Rotating disk, rotating rod and second hydraulic device; one end of the second hydraulic device is a telescopic end fixed on the disk surface of the rotating disk, and the other end is a rotating end freely rotatable in a vertical plane, fixed Inside the aircraft; one end of the rotating rod is fixed to the center of the rotating disc, and the other end is fixed to the side of the propeller.
  • the propeller is in the shape of a disc;
  • the propeller driving device includes a ball shaft and a first hydraulic device; one end of the ball shaft is a universal ball joint bearing end, which is connected in the aircraft, and the other end is a fixed end, connecting the side of the propeller;
  • the first hydraulic device has a universal ball joint bearing end at one end, fixed on the aircraft, and the other end is a telescopic fixed end fixed to the side of the propeller; a fixed position of the universal ball joint bearing end of the first hydraulic device is higher than a fixed position of the fixed end of the first hydraulic device;
  • the first hydraulic device has two, the vertical surface of the ball shaft is Center, positionally symmetrical on both sides of the ball shaft.
  • the angle of rotation realizes the hovering, rotating, advancing and retreating of the flying motorcycle or the automobile; realizing the left panning and the right panning of the flying motorcycle or the car by the above-mentioned propeller or the deflecting angle of the deflector installed under the above propeller;
  • the computer and the flight control system control the output power of each propeller to achieve the balance of the flying motorcycle or the automobile; realize the height change of the flying motorcycle or the automobile by manually controlling the output power of the propeller;
  • the deflector of the propeller or propeller located on the right side of the fuselage is tilted to the right;
  • the left front thruster When the aircraft needs to turn right, the left front thruster is tilted forward, and the right front thruster is tilted backward; when the aircraft needs to be turned left, the left front thruster is tilted backward, and the right front thruster is tilted forward.
  • the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:
  • the invention discloses a flying motorcycle or a car, which can be applied to manned flight, can be used as a flying motorcycle or a flying car, has a wide application range and can be used as a personal transportation vehicle, and the invention can also be used. In various scenarios such as agriculture, meteorology, surveying, tourism and disaster relief, it has high use value and promotion value.
  • the present invention also discloses a flight attitude adjusting method for a flying motorcycle or a vehicle, which is completely different from the method for adjusting the flying attitude of the existing multi-rotor aircraft, and only changes each
  • the direction of the propeller can make the aircraft make forward, backward, left shift, right shift and left turn, right turn attitude, and can realize fast forward, fast backward, fast left shift and fast right shift function, and vertical Wing aircraft compared to existing multi-rotor aircraft
  • the method can keep the aircraft in a horizontal state during the flight process, and can be applied to a personally-driven aircraft to maintain the safety of the driver. It can also be applied to the observation instrument to ensure the safety of the instrument.
  • the disclosed aircraft and its state adjustment method are more easy to understand, the operation is very simple, and is beneficial to practical application, and is suitable for large-scale production and promotion. .
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view of Embodiment 1.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the pusher of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 is a view showing the assembling method of the anti-inhalation net and the pusher of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the propeller incorporating the anti-inhalation net of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the propeller and thruster driving device of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the advance state of the embodiment 1.
  • Fig. 7 is a view showing the state of full speed advancement of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the retracted state of the embodiment 1.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing the full speed retreat state of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the left shifting state of the embodiment 1.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the state of the deflector when the left side of the embodiment 1 is translated.
  • Fig. 12 is a view showing the full-speed left shifting state of the embodiment 1.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the right translation state of Embodiment 1.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the state of the deflector when the right side of the embodiment 1 is translated.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the state of full-speed left shifting of Embodiment 1.
  • Fig. 16 is a plan view showing the right turn state of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 17 is a perspective view showing the right turn state of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 18 is a plan view showing the left-turning state of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 19 is a perspective view showing the left-turning state of the first embodiment.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic illustration of the thruster and thruster drive of Embodiment 2.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic view of another perspective of Figure 20.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic view showing the right translation state of Embodiment 2.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic view showing the full-speed right panning state of the second embodiment.
  • Fig. 24 is a schematic view showing the left shifting state of the embodiment 2.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic view showing the state of full-speed left shifting of Embodiment 2.
  • Figure 26 is a schematic view of Embodiment 3.
  • Figure 27 is a schematic illustration of the thruster and thruster drive of Embodiment 3.
  • Figure 28 is a schematic illustration of another perspective of Figure 27.
  • Figure 29 is a side view of Figure 28.
  • Figure 30 is a schematic view showing the right translation state of Embodiment 3.
  • Figure 31 is a schematic view showing the full-speed right panning state of the third embodiment.
  • Figure 32 is a schematic diagram showing the left translation state of Embodiment 3.
  • Figure 33 is a schematic view showing the state of full-speed left shifting of Embodiment 3.
  • Figure 34 is a schematic view of Embodiment 4.
  • the flying motorcycle includes a fuselage, and a propeller is mounted on the body.
  • the thruster includes a front thruster and a rear thruster.
  • the front thrusters are equal in number, symmetrically mounted on the left and right sides of the front of the fuselage, and the rear thrusters are mounted behind the fuselage, which can be single.
  • the installation position is directly behind the fuselage, and it can also be installed in multiple, equal, and symmetrical positions on the left and right sides of the rear part of the fuselage.
  • the mounting position is symmetrical;
  • the left rear thruster mounted on the left side of the rear of the fuselage and the right rear thruster mounted on the right side of the rear of the fuselage.
  • the mounting position is symmetrical.
  • An anti-breathing net can be installed on the propeller to prevent foreign objects or birds from being sucked into the propeller when the flying motorcycle is in the air, posing a flight hazard.
  • the invention is illustrated below using four examples.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic view of Embodiment 1, a flying motorcycle including a fuselage 1, a fuselage bracket 2 mounted on a lower portion of the fuselage 1, an armrest 3 installed in front of an upper portion of the fuselage 1, and a control system for mounting the armrest 3 for Control the status of each part of each flying motorcycle.
  • the flying motorcycle also includes a propeller 4 and a propeller drive.
  • the propeller 4 is a ducted turbofan engine, and a baffle 5 and a propeller 6 are installed inside.
  • the deflector 5 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane and is installed parallel to the fuselage 1, and the propeller 6 is parallel. Installed in a horizontal plane.
  • one or more baffles may be installed. When a plurality of baffles are installed, the baffles are parallel to each other, and when the baffles are in an offset state, The arrangement of the plurality of baffles can increase the overall force of the baffles, thereby increasing the driving force of the left and right offset of the propeller. Fig.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the assembly method of the anti-absorption net and the propeller of the first embodiment, the anti-absorption net being installed at the top end of the propeller and outside the propeller 6.
  • the mounting method is the same as that of the present embodiment.
  • 4 is a schematic view of a propeller incorporating the anti-absorption net of Embodiment 1, which protects the propeller 6 inside the propeller.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the propeller driving device and the propeller of the first embodiment, and the propeller driving device controls the propeller 4 to tilt forward and backward.
  • the propeller driving device comprises a rotating disc 8, a rotating rod 9 and a hydraulic device 7.
  • One end of the hydraulic device 7 is a telescopic end fixed to a non-central area on the disc surface of the rotating disc 8, and the other end is freely movable in a vertical plane.
  • the rotating end is fixed inside the flying motorcycle.
  • One end of the rotating rod 9 is fixed at the center of the rotating disc 8, and the other end is fixed to the side of the driver 4, and is connected with the outer casing of the driver 4.
  • the rotating disc 8 is rotated, the rotating rod 9 is rotated, and the propeller 4 can be tilted forward and backward.
  • a rotary bearing is mounted between the rotating lever 9 and the body 1.
  • the corresponding flying motorcycle flight attitude adjustment method is as follows.
  • the flying motorcycle When the flying motorcycle needs to be hovered, all the propellers are kept in a vertical state, the propeller 6 is rotated, and the flying motorcycle is hovering in the air under the action of the propeller 6.
  • the flying motorcycle can be moved up and down vertically by changing the rotation speed of the propeller 6.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the forward state of the first embodiment.
  • the rear thruster is tilted forward at the angle of inclination indicated by the arrow, and the propeller of the rear thruster gives the flying motorcycle a forward propulsive force to propel the flying motorcycle forward.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the full speed advancement state of the first embodiment.
  • the front thruster and the rear thruster are both inclined forward according to the tilt angle indicated by the arrow. Since the two parts of the thruster work together, the flying motorcycle obtains a greater driving force, and the flying motorcycle advances. Speed up.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the reverse state of the first embodiment, and the front thruster of FIG. 8 is inclined at an angle indicated by an arrow. After the rear tilt, the propeller of the front thruster gives the flying motorcycle a rearward thrust, pushing the flying motorcycle backwards or causing the aircraft to brake during forward motion.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the full-speed reverse state of the first embodiment.
  • the front thruster and the rear thruster are all inclined backwards according to the angle of inclination indicated by the arrow. Due to the cooperation of the two parts of the thruster, the flying motorcycle gains greater driving force, and the flying motorcycle retreats. The speed is increased, and in the process of moving forward, changing to this state, a better braking effect can be obtained.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the left panning state of the first embodiment, which can be seen on the left side of the fuselage. The deflector exposed below the left rear thruster is tilted to the left.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the state of the deflector when the left shifting in the first embodiment. It can be seen that the deflector in the propeller is in a state of being inclined to the left, and the airflow generated by the rotation of the propeller can be given a direction to the flying motorcycle via the deflector. The left force makes the flying motorcycle move to the left.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the full-speed left-shifting state of Embodiment 1, and the flying motorcycle is subjected to a larger leftward shifting. Force, the speed of the left shift is faster.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the right translation state of the first embodiment, which can be seen at the right rear side. The deflector exposed below the right rear thruster is tilted to the right.
  • Figure H is a schematic view of the state of the deflector in the right translation of the embodiment 1. It can be seen that the deflector in the propeller is in a state of being inclined to the right, and the airflow generated by the rotation of the propeller can be given to the right of the flying motorcycle via the deflector. The power that makes the flying motorcycle move right.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view of the full-speed right-translation state of the first embodiment, in which the flying motorcycle is subjected to a greater rightward translational force, and the right-shifting speed is accelerated.
  • Fig. 16 is a plan view showing the right-turning state of the first embodiment, in which the flying motorcycle rotates to the right in the direction of the arrow in the figure.
  • Fig. 17 is a perspective view showing the right turn state of the embodiment 1, and the state of the two front thrusters can be seen.
  • Figure 18 is a left turn of the embodiment 1.
  • Fig. 19 is a perspective view showing the left-turning state of the first embodiment, and the state of the two front thrusters can be seen.
  • the flying motorcycle structure and the propeller structure in Embodiment 2 are the same as those in Embodiment 1, but the deflector is not installed inside the propeller in Embodiment 2, so that it is necessary to change the propeller driving device so that the propeller can not only
  • the front-back offset can also be shifted left and right to achieve the purpose of making the flying motorcycle free to change state.
  • FIG 20 is a schematic illustration of the thruster and thruster drive of Embodiment 2.
  • the propeller driving device includes a ball shaft 1 1 and a hydraulic device 10, the ball shaft 1 1 is a ball end rod end joint bearing, and one end is a universal ball joint bearing end, which can be fixed on the flying motorcycle body. Internal, and free to rotate in all directions, the other end is a fixed end.
  • the fixed end of the ball shaft 11 is connected to the side of the propeller 4, and the joint end of the universal ball joint is connected to the inside of the aircraft.
  • One end of the hydraulic device 10 is fixed to the fuselage 1 of the flying motorcycle, and the other end is fixed to the side of the propeller 4.
  • the hydraulic device 10 is fixed on the fuselage 1 of the flying motorcycle.
  • the end of the fuselage 1 is a universal ball joint bearing end. It can rotate freely in all directions. It is fixed at the end of the propeller and is a telescopic fixed end. It can be displaced back and forth and fixed in the propeller 4.
  • the driver can control the hydraulic unit 10 and can control the state of each hydraulic unit separately, thereby controlling the direction of deflection of the propeller.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic view of another perspective of Figure 20.
  • the corresponding flight attitude adjustment method of the flying motorcycle is as follows.
  • the propellers are kept in a vertical state, the propeller rotates, and the flying motorcycle is hovering in the air under the action of the propeller.
  • the state of the state adjustment method in the first embodiment is the same, the rear thruster is tilted toward the head of the fuselage, and the front thruster is kept in a vertical state, and the propeller of the rear thruster is given.
  • the flying motorcycle has a forward driving force that propels the flying motorcycle forward.
  • the state adjustment method in the first embodiment is the same, so that both the front thruster and the rear pusher are inclined toward the head of the fuselage, since the propellers of the two parts are common Function, flying motorcycles get more driving force, flying motorcycles forward speed
  • the front propeller is tilted toward the rear of the fuselage, and the propeller of the front propeller gives the flying motorcycle a backward.
  • the state adjustment method in the first embodiment is the same, so that both the front thruster and the rear pusher are inclined toward the rear of the fuselage, since there are two parts of the propulsion Together, the flying motorcycle gains greater impetus, and the flying motorcycle retreats faster or brakes rapidly.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of the right panning state of Embodiment 2, and the propeller on the left side of the fuselage is tilted to the right, in the propeller
  • the propeller gives the flying motorcycle a rightward force that causes the flying motorcycle to translate to the right.
  • the flying motorcycle of the present invention is equipped with a flight attitude sensor (e.g., a gyroscope, an acceleration sensor, etc.), and the flight attitude sensor continuously detects the flight attitude of the flying motorcycle throughout the flight, and then transmits the detected data to the computer.
  • a flight attitude sensor e.g., a gyroscope, an acceleration sensor, etc.
  • the flight attitude sensor continuously detects the flight attitude of the flying motorcycle throughout the flight, and then transmits the detected data to the computer.
  • a control signal is output to the flight control system, and the flight control system controls the output power of each propeller of the flying motorcycle according to the control signal, so that the output force of each propeller is output.
  • the longitudinal decomposition vectors are equal or both within an allowable deviation range.
  • the control signal has an error, and the balance of the flying motorcycle cannot be achieved at one time.
  • the present invention establishes a feedback control loop, which transmits the adjusted flight attitude to the computer again through the flight attitude sensor, and the computer repeats
  • Figure 22 shows the coordinates of the output force vector decomposition of the thruster: the thruster that maintains the vertical state, the output force is F2, the direction is vertical downward, giving the flying motorcycle a vertical upward propulsion, and the tilting thruster
  • the output force is F1
  • the direction is toward the lower left, giving the propulsion force of the flying motorcycle toward the upper right.
  • the output force F1 can be decomposed into the vertical component force Fib and the horizontal component force Fla, that is, the output force F2 and the minute.
  • the force Fib is equal, achieving the balance of the flying motorcycle; the force factor Fla gives the propulsion of the flying motorcycle to the right.
  • the vector decomposition principle of the output force of the propeller is as described above, that is, the component forces of all the propellers in the vertical direction are always equal. Or not exactly equal but within an allowable tolerance to ensure that the flying motorcycle or car is always level.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of the full-speed right-shifting state of the second embodiment. Since all the propellers give the flying motorcycle a rightward force, the flying motorcycle will pan to the right at full speed.
  • Fig. 24 is a schematic view showing the left shifting state of the second embodiment.
  • the propeller on the right side of the fuselage is tilted to the left, and the propeller in the propeller gives the flying motorcycle a leftward force, causing the flying motorcycle to translate to the left.
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of the full-speed left-shifting state of Embodiment 2. Since all the propellers give the flying motorcycle a leftward force, the flying motorcycle will pan to the left at full speed.
  • the state of the state adjustment method in the first embodiment is the same, the left front thruster is tilted forward, and the right front thruster is tilted backward, and the left side of the flying motorcycle has a forward force, flying.
  • the right side of the motorcycle has a rearward force that acts on the flying motorcycle, and the flying motorcycle turns right.
  • the state of the state adjustment method in the first embodiment is the same, the right front thruster is tilted forward, and the left front thruster is tilted backward, and the right side of the flying motorcycle has a forward force, flying.
  • the left side of the motorcycle has a rearward force that acts on the flying motorcycle, and the flying motorcycle turns left.
  • Figure 26 is a schematic view of Embodiment 3.
  • the structure of the flying motorcycle of the third embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, but the thruster of the embodiment 3 has a disk shape, and a propeller is installed inside the propeller.
  • Figure 27 is a schematic illustration of the thruster and thruster drive of Embodiment 3.
  • the propeller driving device includes a ball shaft 11 and a hydraulic device 10; the ball shaft 11 is connected at one end to the flying motorcycle, and the other end is connected to the side of the propeller 4; the hydraulic device 10 has two balls.
  • the vertical plane of the shaft of the shaft 11 is centered, and is symmetrically mounted on both sides of the ball shaft 11, one end of which is connected to the fuselage 1 of the flying motorcycle, and the other end is connected to the propeller 4.
  • the hydraulic device 10 is fixed at one end of the fuselage body 1 of the aircraft as a universal ball joint bearing end, which is freely rotatable in all directions, and is fixed at one end of the propeller 4 as a fixed end which can be flexibly displaced forward and backward.
  • the driver can control the hydraulic device 10 and can control the state of each hydraulic device separately, thereby controlling the deflection direction of the pusher 4.
  • the ball shaft 11 can be rotated toward the head of the body, and at the same time, the hydraulic device 10e is rotated forward and fixed. Extending forward, while the hydraulic device 10d is also rotated forward, and its fixed end is retracted backward, then the hydraulic device 10 and the ball shaft 11
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic view of another perspective of FIG. 27.
  • Figure 29 is a side elevational view of Figure 27, showing that the fixed position of the universal ball joint bearing end of the hydraulic device 10 is higher than the fixed position of the fixed end of the hydraulic device 10, this setting ensures that the pusher 4 can be in the left and right direction Upper deflection.
  • the corresponding flight attitude adjustment method of the flying motorcycle is as follows.
  • the state adjustment method of each propeller of the flying motorcycle is required when the flying motorcycle is in a hover state, a forward state, a full speed forward state, a reverse or brake state, a full speed reverse or a sudden braking state, a right turn state, or a left turn state.
  • the control methods corresponding to those in the first embodiment and the second embodiment are the same.
  • Fig. 30 is a schematic view showing the right panning state of the third embodiment.
  • the propeller on the left side of the fuselage is tilted to the right, and the propeller in the propeller gives the flying motorcycle a rightward force, causing the flying motorcycle to translate to the right.
  • Fig. 31 is a schematic diagram of the full-speed right panning state of the third embodiment. Since all the propellers give the flying motorcycle a rightward force, the flying motorcycle will pan to the right at full speed.
  • Fig. 32 is a schematic view showing the left shifting state of the third embodiment.
  • the propeller on the right side of the fuselage is tilted to the left, and the propeller in the propeller gives the flying motorcycle a leftward force, causing the flying motorcycle to translate to the left.
  • Fig. 33 is a schematic diagram of the full-speed left-shifting state of the third embodiment. Since all the propellers give the flying motorcycle a leftward force, the flying motorcycle will pan to the left at full speed.
  • Figure 34 is a schematic view of Embodiment 4.
  • the aircraft disclosed in the present invention may be a flying motorcycle or a flying automobile.
  • the method of distribution and attitude adjustment of the propeller of a flying car is the same.
  • the aircraft in Embodiment 4 is a flying car. Compared with flying motorcycles, flying cars can carry many people, which is more convenient and safe.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种飞行摩托车或汽车及其飞行姿态调整方法,飞行摩托车或汽车的机身上设置有推进器和推进器驱动装置;推进器内安装有螺旋桨;推进器驱动装置控制推进器的转动方向;推进器包括对称安装在机身前部左侧的左前推进器和安装在机身前部右侧的右前推进器以及安装在机身后方的后部推进器。飞行摩托车或汽车调整飞行姿态是通过推进器驱动装置使安装在飞行器两侧及后部的推进器倾转角度来实现飞行摩托的转向、前进和后退、左平移和右平移。本发明可以使得飞行摩托车或汽车在飞行的过程中始终保持水平状态,可以应用在载人飞行方面,应用范围十分广泛。

Description

飞行摩托车或汽车及其飞行姿态调整方法 技术领域
本发明涉及小型飞行器及其运行控制方法, 具体涉及一种飞行摩托车或 汽车及其飞行姿态调整的方法。
背景技术
个人飞行器是小型飞行器的新的应用领域, 现有的小型飞行器大多用来 搭载各种测量仪器, 进行高空探测或高空物体投掷上, 可以应用在农业、 探 测、 气象、 灾害预报和救援等各种领域。 但是可以载人的小型飞行器还不多 见, 有很大的可研究空间。
现有的飞行器分为固定翼飞行器与多旋翼飞行器两种。 固定翼飞行器一 般采用两种方法转向, 一种纯粹靠垂直尾翼转向, 一种是机翼副翼配合水平 尾翼转向。 纯粹靠垂直尾翼转向的情况比较少见, 因为垂直尾翼除了有控制 飞机转弯的功能外, 还有一个最重要的功能就是保持飞机的稳定, 不可能应 用垂直尾翼进行大幅度转弯。 而机翼副翼配合水平尾翼转向, 是通过副翼的 升降, 将机身倾斜, 通过离心力的作用拐弯, 这种方式需要飞行器本身有倾 斜的动作, 应用在个人飞行器之上, 会增加驾驶员的安全风险, 不适合个人 飞行器使用, 应用在观测与监控中, 也不利于设备和仪器的搭载与运输。
现有的多旋翼飞行器, 都是使用改变飞行器发动机输出功率,或者改变桨 叶螺距来实现飞行器姿态变化; 为了使得飞行器平稳飞行, 在调整每一个飞 行姿态时, 具体要怎样改变发动机的转速以及改变桨叶的螺距, 需要利用计 算机编制程序,进行精确计算, 过程繁琐、 难以普及, 而且不易应付复杂多变 的飞行环境, 且使用此种飞行姿态控制方法, 飞行器在飞行过程中依旧会出 现倾斜, 增加乘坐的安全风险。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题, 本发明提供了一种飞行摩托车或汽车 及其飞行姿态调整方法。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种飞行摩托车或汽车, 包括机身, 所述机身上设置有推进器和推进器 驱动装置; 所述推进器内安装有螺旋桨; 所述推进器驱动装置控制所述推进 器的转动方向; 所述推进器包括前部推进器和后部推进器; 所述前部推进器 包括对称安装在机身前部左侧的左前推进器和安装在机身前部右侧的右前推 进器; 所述后部推进器安装在机身后方。
其进一步的技术方案为: 所述后部推进器的安装数量为一个或者两个; 当安装一个后部推进器时, 所述后部推进器安装在飞行器的正后方; 当安装 两个后部推进器时, 所述后部推进器位置对称的安装在飞行器后方左侧与后 方右侧。
其进一步的技术方案为: 所述推进器安装有防吸入网。
所述推进器和推进器驱动装置的结构至少包括以下三种方式:
第一种: 所述推进器为涵道涡扇发动机; 所述推进器驱动装置包括球轴 与第一液压装置; 所述球轴一端为万向球头关节轴承端, 连接在飞行器内, 另一端为固定端, 连接所述推进器的侧面; 所述第一液压装置一端为万向球 头关节轴承端, 固定在飞行器上, 另一端为可伸縮的固定端, 固定在所述推 进器的侧面; 所述第一液压装置至少有三个, 以所述球轴的轴杆为中心, 成 环形等距离的安装。
第二种: 所述推进器为涵道涡扇发动机, 推进器内部安装有至少一个导 流板; 安装有多个导流板时, 导流板之间互相平行; 所述推进器驱动装置包 括转动盘、 转动杆和第二液压装置; 所述第二液压装置的一端为可伸縮端, 固定在所述转动盘的盘面上, 另一端为可在竖直平面内自由转动的转动端, 固定在飞行器内部; 所述转动杆一端固定在转动盘中心, 另一端固定在所述 推进器的侧面。
第三种: 所述推进器为圆盘形; 所述推进器驱动装置包括球轴和第一液 压装置; 所述球轴一端为万向球头关节轴承端, 连接在飞行器内, 另一端为 固定端, 连接所述推进器的侧面; 所述第一液压装置一端为万向球头关节轴 承端, 固定在飞行器上, 另一端为可伸缩的固定端, 固定在所述推进器的侧 面; 所述第一液压装置的万向球头关节轴承端的固定位置高于所述第一液压 装置的固定端的固定位置; 所述第一液压装置有两个, 以所述球轴所在的垂 直面为中心, 位置对称的安装在球轴两侧。
一种与上述飞行摩托车或汽车对应的飞行姿态调整方法:
通过推进器驱动装置使安装在飞行摩托车或汽车两侧及后部的推进器倾 转角度实现飞行摩托车或汽车的悬停、 旋转、 前进和后退; 通过上述推进器 或安装在上述推进器下方的导流板倾转角度实现飞行摩托车或汽车的左平移 和右平移; 通过计算机和飞控***控制各推进器的输出功率实现飞行摩托车 或汽车的平衡; 通过手动控制推进器输出功率实现飞行摩托车或汽车的高度 变化;
具体包括以下情形:
需要使飞行器处于悬停状态时, 使全部的推进器都保持垂直状态; 需要使飞行器前进时, 使后部推进器向前倾斜;
需要使飞行器全速前进时, 使全部的推进器都向前倾斜;
需要使飞行器后退或者刹车时, 使前部推进器向后倾斜;
需要使飞行器全速后退或者急刹车时, 使全部的推进器都向后倾斜; 需要使飞行器左平移时, 使位于机身左侧的推进器或推进器的导流板向 左倾斜;
需要使飞行器全速左平移时, 使全部的推进器或推进器的导流板都向左 倾斜;
需要使飞行器右平移时, 使位于机身右侧的推进器或推进器的导流板向 右倾斜;
需要使飞行器全速右平移时, 使全部的推进器或推进器的导流板都向右 倾斜;
需要使飞行器右转时, 使左前推进器向前倾斜, 右前推进器向后倾斜; 需要使飞行器左转时, 使左前推进器向后倾斜, 右前推进器向前倾斜。 本发明的有益技术效果是:
本发明公开了一种飞行摩托车或汽车, 可以应用在载人飞行方面, 既可 以作为飞行摩托车, 也可以作为飞行汽车使用, 应用范围十分广泛, 可以作 为个人交通工具, 本发明也可以用在农业、 气象、 测量、 旅游和救灾等各个 场景中, 有很高的使用价值及推广价值。
与本发明公开的飞行摩托车或汽车所对应, 本发明还公开了一种飞行摩 托车或汽车的飞行姿态调整方法, 与现有的多旋翼飞行器调整飞行姿态的方 法完全不同, 只靠改变各个推进器的方向, 即可使得飞行器做出前进、 后退、 左移、 右移以及左转、 右转的姿态, 更可以实现快速前进、 快速后退、 快速 左移和快速右移的功能, 与垂直翼飞行器和现有的多旋翼飞行器相比, 本方 法可以使得飞行器在飞行的过程中始终保持水平状态, 可应用于个人驾驶的 飞行器, 保持驾驶员的安全, 也可以应用于观测中搭载测量仪器, 保证所搭 载的仪器的安全。 与现有的多旋翼飞行器状态调整的方法相比, 本发明所公 开的飞行器及其状态调整的方法, 原理更易于理解, 操作十分简单, 有利于 应用到实际中, 适合大规模的生产与推广。
附图说明
图 1是实施例 1的示意图。
图 2是实施例 1的推进器的示意图。
图 3是实施例 1的防吸入网与推进器的组装方法示意图。
图 4是实施例 1的组装有防吸入网的推进器示意图。
图 5是实施例 1的推进器与推进器驱动装置的示意图。
图 6是实施例 1的前进状态示意图。
图 7是实施例 1的全速前进状态示意图。
图 8是实施例 1的后退状态示意图。
图 9是实施例 1的全速后退状态示意图。
图 10是实施例 1的左平移状态示意图。
图 11是实施例 1左平移时导流板状态示意图。
图 12是实施例 1的全速左平移状态示意图。
图 13是实施例 1的右平移状态示意图。
图 14是实施例 1右平移时导流板状态示意图。
图 15是实施例 1的全速左平移状态示意图。
图 16是实施例 1的右转状态的俯视图。
图 17是实施例 1的右转状态立体图。
图 18是实施例 1的左转状态的俯视图。
图 19是实施例 1的左转状态立体图。
图 20是实施例 2的推进器与推进器驱动装置的示意图。
图 21是图 20的另一视角示意图。
图 22是实施例 2的右平移状态示意图。
图 23是实施例 2的全速右平移状态示意图。
图 24是实施例 2的左平移状态示意图。
图 25是实施例 2的全速左平移状态示意图。
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更正页(细则第 91条) 图 26为实施例 3的示意图。
图 27是实施例 3的推进器与推进器驱动装置的示意图。
图 28为图 27的另一视角的示意图。
图 29为图 28的侧视图。
图 30是实施例 3的右平移状态示意图。
图 31是实施例 3的全速右平移状态示意图。
图 32是实施例 3的左平移状态示意图。
图 33是实施例 3的全速左平移状态示意图。
图 34是实施例 4的示意图。
具体实施方式
飞行摩托车包括机身, 机身上安装有推进器。 推进器包括前部推进器和 后部推进器, 前部推进器数量相等, 位置对称的安装在机身前部的左侧和右 侧, 后部推进器安装在机身后方, 可以为单个, 安装位置在机身正后方, 也 可以为多个, 数量相等、 位置对称的安装在机身后部分左侧和右侧。
在本发明的实施例中, 前部推进器有两个, 分别为安装在机身前部左侧 的左前推进器和安装在机身前部右侧的右前推进器, 安装位置对称; 后部推 进器有两个, 分别为安装在机身后部左侧的左后推进器和安装在机身后部右 侧的右后推进器, 安装位置对称。
推进器上可安装防吸入网, 防止飞行摩托车在空中时, 有异物或者鸟类 被吸入推进器, 造成飞行危险。 以下使用四个实施例来阐述本发明。
实施例 1 :
图 1是实施例 1的示意图, 飞行摩托车包括机身 1、安装在机身 1下部的 机身支架 2、 安装在机身 1上部前方的扶手 3, 扶手 3上可安装控制***, 用 于控制各飞行摩托车各部位的状态。 飞行摩托车还包括推进器 4和推进器驱 动装置。
图 2是实施例 1的推进器示意图, 推进器 4为涵道涡扇发动机, 内部安 装有导流板 5和螺旋桨 6, 导流板 5垂直于水平面, 平行于机身 1安装, 螺旋 桨 6平行于水平面安装。 在一个推进器中, 导流板可以安装有一个, 也可以 安装有多个, 当安装有多个导流板时, 导流板之间互相平行, 则在导流板处 于偏移状态时, 多个导流板的设置可以使得导流板整体受力加大, 因而加大 推进器的左右偏移的推动力。 图 3是实施例 1 的防吸入网与推进器的组装方法示意图, 防吸入网安装 在推进器的顶端, 螺旋桨 6 的外侧。 当推进器为其他的实施方式时, 安装方 法与本实施例相同。 图 4是实施例 1的组装有防吸入网的推进器示意图, 防 吸入网可保护推进器内部的螺旋桨 6。
图 5为实施例 1 的推进器驱动装置与推进器的示意图, 推进器驱动装置 可控制推进器 4前后倾斜。推进器驱动装置包括转动盘 8、转动杆 9和液压装 置 7,液压装置 7的一端为可伸缩端,固定在转动盘 8的盘面上的非中心区域, 另一端为可在竖直平面内自由转动的转动端, 固定在飞行摩托车内部。 则液 压装置 7的可伸縮端前后伸缩时, 就可使得转动盘 8转动。 转动杆 9一端固 定在转动盘 8中心, 另一端固定在驱动器 4的侧面, 与驱动器 4的外壳连接, 则转动盘 8转动, 就会带动转动杆 9转动, 进而可以带动推进器 4前后倾斜。 转动杆 9与机身 1之间安装有转动轴承。
对应实施例 1, 相应的飞行摩托车飞行姿态调整方法如下。
需要使飞行摩托车处于悬停状态时, 使全部的推进器都保持垂直状态, 螺旋桨 6转动, 飞行摩托车在螺旋桨 6的作用下, 悬停在空中。 可通过改变 螺旋桨 6的转速, 使飞行摩托车垂直上下运动。
需要使飞行摩托车处于前进状态时, 使后部推进器向机身头部方向倾斜, 前部推进器保持垂直状态, 图 6是实施例 1 的前进状态示意图。 图 6中后部 推进器按照箭头所示的倾斜角度向前倾斜, 则后部推进器的螺旋桨给予飞行 摩托车一个向前的推动力, 推动飞行摩托车向前飞行。
需要使飞行摩托车处于全速前进状态时, 使前部推进器和后部推行器都 向机身头部方向倾斜, 图 7是实施例 1 的全速前进状态示意图。 图 7中前部 推进器和后部推进器都按照箭头所示的倾斜角度向前倾斜, 由于有两个部分 的推进器共同作用, 飞行摩托车获得了更大的推动力, 飞行摩托车前进速度 加快。
需要使飞行摩托车处于后退或者刹车状态时, 使前部推进器向机身尾部 方向倾斜, 图 8是实施例 1 的后退状态示意图, 图 8中前部推进器按照箭头 所示的倾斜角度向后倾斜, 则前部推进器的螺旋桨给予了飞行摩托车一个向 后的推动力, 推动飞行摩托车向后飞行或者使得飞行器在向前运动的过程中 刹车。
需要使飞行摩托车处于全速后退或者急刹车状态时, 使前部推进器和后
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更正页(细则第 91条) 部推行器都向机身尾部方向倾斜, 图 9是实施例 1的全速后退状态示意图。 图 9 中前部推进器和后部推进器都按照箭头所示的倾斜角度向后倾斜, 由于 有两个部分的推进器共同作用, 飞行摩托车获得了更大的推动力, 飞行摩托 车后退速度加快, 在向前运动的过程中, 改为此状态, 可获得更好的刹车效 果。
需要使飞行摩托车处于左平移状态时, 使位于飞行摩托车左侧的推进器 中的导流板向左倾斜, 图 10是实施例 1的左平移状态示意图, 可看到位于机 身左侧的左后推进器下方露出的导流板处于向左倾斜的状态。 图 1 1是实施例 1 左平移时导流板状态示意图, 可看到推进器中的导流板处于向左倾斜的状 态, 螺旋桨转动产生的气流经由导流板, 可以给予飞行摩托车一个向左的力 量, 使得飞行摩托车左移。
需要使飞行摩托车处于全速左平移状态时, 使全部的推进器的导流板向 左倾斜, 图 12是实施例 1的全速左平移状态示意图, 飞行摩托车受到了更大 的向左平移的力, 左移速度加快。
需要使飞行摩托车处于右平移状态时, 使位于飞行摩托车右侧的推进器 中的导流板向右倾斜, 图 13是实施例 1的右平移状态示意图, 可看到位于右 侧后部的右后推进器下方露出的导流板处于向右倾斜的状态。 图 H是实施例 1 右平移时导流板状态示意图, 可看到推进器中的导流板处于向右倾斜的状 态, 螺旋桨转动产生的气流经由导流板, 可以给予飞行摩托车一个向右的力 量, 使得飞行摩托车右移。
需要使飞行摩托车处于全速右平移状态时, 使全部的推进器的导流板都 向右倾斜。 图 15是实施例 1的全速右平移状态示意图, 飞行摩托车受到了更 大的向右平移的力, 右移速度加快
需要使飞行摩托车处于右转状态时, 使左前推进器向前倾斜, 右前推进 器向后倾斜, 则飞行摩托车左侧有一向前的力, 飞行摩托车右侧有一向后的 力, 共同作用于飞行摩托车, 则飞行摩托车右转。 图 16是实施例 1的右转状 态的俯视图, 飞行摩托车向图中箭头方向向右旋转。 图 17是实施例 1的右转 状态立体图, 可看出两个前部推进器的状态。
需要使飞行摩托车处于左转状态时, 使右前推进器向前倾斜, 左前推进 器向后倾斜, 则飞行摩托车右侧有一向前的力, 飞行摩托车左侧有一向后的 力, 共同作用于飞行摩托车, 则飞行摩托车左转。 图 18是实施例 1的左转状
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更正页(细则第 91条) 态的俯视图, 飞行摩托车向图中箭头方向向左旋转。 图 19是实施例 1的左转 状态立体图, 可看出两个前部推进器的状态。
实施例 2 :
实施例 2中的飞行摩托车结构和推进器结构都与实施例 1相同, 但是实 施例 2中的推进器内部不安装导流板, 这样, 需要通过改变推进器驱动装置, 使得推进器不仅可以前后偏移, 还可以左右偏移, 以达到可以使得飞行摩托 车自由改变状态的目的。
图 20是实施例 2的推进器与推进器驱动装置的示意图。 在本实施例中, 推进器驱动装置包括球轴 1 1与液压装置 10, 球轴 1 1即球头杆端关节轴承, 一端为万向球头关节轴承端, 可以固定在飞行摩托车机身内部, 并可各个方 向自由转动, 另一端为固定端。 球轴 11的固定端连接推进器 4的侧面, 万向 球头关节轴承端连接到飞行器的内部。 液压装置 10有三个, 以球轴 1 1 的轴 杆为中心, 成环形、 等距离的安装。 液压装置 10的一端固定在飞行摩托车的 机身 1上, 另一端固定在推进器 4的侧面。 液压装置 10固定在飞行摩托车的 机身 1 一端为为万向球头关节轴承端, 可各个方向自由旋转, 固定在推进器 一端为可伸缩的固定端, 可前后位移, 固定在推进器 4 的侧面。 驾驶员可控 制液压装置 10, 并可以分别控制每个液压装置的状态, 进而控制推进器的偏 转方向。 例如, 当需要使得推进器 4 向机身头部的方向倾斜时, 可以使液压 装置 10b向前转动, 并可伸縮的固定端向前伸出, 推动推进器 4的后部, 而 使液压装置 10a与液压装置 10c也向前转动, 但可伸缩的固定端向后回縮, 同时, 控制球轴 1 1也向机身前部转动, 则在三个液压装置和球轴 11 的共同 作用下, 可使得推进器 4向前倾斜。 图 21是图 20的另一视角的示意图。
对应实施例 2, 相应的飞行摩托车飞行姿态调整方法如下。
需要使飞行摩托车处于悬停状态时, 使推进器都保持垂直状态, 螺旋桨 转动, 飞行摩托车在螺旋桨的作用下, 悬停在空中。
需要使飞行摩托车处于前进状态时, 与实施例 1中的状态调整方法相同, 使后部推进器向机身头部方向倾斜, 前部推进器保持垂直状态, 则后部推进 器的螺旋桨给予飞行摩托车一个向前的推动力, 推动飞行摩托车向前飞行。
需要使飞行摩托车处于全速前进状态时, 与实施例 1 中的状态调整方法 相同, 使前部推进器和后部推行器都向机身头部方向倾斜, 由于有两个部分 的推进器共同作用, 飞行摩托车获得了更大的推动力, 飞行摩托车前进速度
8
更正页(细则第 91条) 加快。
需要使飞行摩托车处于后退或刹车状态时, 与实施例 1 中的状态调整方 法相同, 使前部推进器向机身尾部方向倾斜, 则前部推进器的螺旋桨给予了 飞行摩托车一个向后的推动力, 推动飞行摩托车向后飞行或者刹车。
需要使飞行摩托车处于全速后退或急刹车状态时, 与实施例 1 中的状态 调整方法相同, 使前部推进器和后部推行器都向机身尾部方向倾斜, 由于有 两个部分的推进器共同作用, 飞行摩托车获得了更大的推动力, 飞行摩托车 后退速度加快或急速刹车。
需要使飞行摩托车处于右平移状态时, 使机身左侧的推进器向右倾斜, 图 22是实施例 2的右平移状态示意图, 机身左侧的推进器向右倾斜, 推进器 中的螺旋桨给飞行摩托车一个向右的力, 使得飞行摩托车向右平移。
本发明的飞行摩托车上安装有飞行姿态传感器 (如陀螺仪、 加速度传感 器等), 飞行姿态传感器在整个飞行过程中不断探测飞行摩托车的飞行姿态, 然后将探测到数据发送给计算机。 在理想状态下, 经过计算机对飞行姿态数 据的计算后输出一个控制信号给飞控***, 飞控***根据该控制信号来控制 飞行摩托车各推进器的输出功率, 以使各推进器的输出力的纵向分解矢量相 等或者均处于一个允许的偏差范围内。 实际中该控制信号具有误差, 并不能 一次控制即实现飞行摩托车的平衡。 为此本发明建立了反馈控制回路, 通过 飞行姿态传感器将经过调整后的飞行姿态再次发送给计算机, 由计算机不断 重复进行上述计算及控制过程对飞行姿态进行修正, 直至实现飞行摩托车的 平衡。
图 22中画出了推进器的输出力矢量分解的坐标:保持垂直状态的推进器, 输出力为 F2, 方向为垂直向下, 给予飞行摩托车垂直向上的推进力, 处于倾 斜状态的推进器, 输出力为 F1 , 方向为朝向左下方, 给予飞行摩托车朝向右 上方的推进力, 输出力 F1可分解为垂直方向的分力 Fib和水平方向上的分力 Fla, 即输出力 F2与分力 Fib相等, 实现飞行摩托车的平衡; 分力 Fla给予 了飞行摩托车向右平移的推进力。
在本发明的各个实施例中, 在调整飞行摩托车或者汽车的状态时, 推进 器的输出力的矢量分解原理均如上所述, 即所有推进器在垂直方向上的分力 要始终保持相等, 或者不完全相等但均处于一个允许的偏差范围内, 以保证 飞行摩托车或汽车始终保持水平状态。
9
更正页(细则第 91条) 需要使飞行摩托车处于全速右平移状态时, 使全部的推进器都向右倾斜, 图 23是实施例 2的全速右平移状态示意图。 由于所有的推进器都给飞行摩托 车一个向右的力, 飞行摩托车将全速向右平移。
需要使飞行摩托车处于左平移状态时, 使机身右侧的推进器向左倾斜, 图 24是实施例 2的左平移状态示意图。 机身右侧的推进器向左倾斜, 推进器 中的螺旋桨给飞行摩托车一个向左的力, 使得飞行摩托车向左平移。
需要使飞行摩托车处于全速左平移状态时, 使得所有的推进器都向左倾 斜, 图 25是实施例 2的全速左平移状态示意图。 由于所有的推进器都给飞行 摩托车一个向左的力, 飞行摩托车将全速向左平移。
需要使飞行摩托车处于右转状态时, 与实施例 1中的状态调整方法相同, 使左前推进器向前倾斜, 右前推进器向后倾斜, 则飞行摩托车左侧有一向前 的力, 飞行摩托车右侧有一向后的力, 共同作用于飞行摩托车, 则飞行摩托 车右转。
需要使飞行摩托车处于左转状态时, 与实施例 1中的状态调整方法相同, 使右前推进器向前倾斜, 左前推进器向后倾斜, 则飞行摩托车右侧有一向前 的力, 飞行摩托车左侧有一向后的力, 共同作用于飞行摩托车, 则飞行摩托 车左转。
实施例 3:
图 26为实施例 3的示意图。实施例 3的飞行摩托车结构与实施例 1相同, 但实施例 3中的推进器为圆盘形, 推进器内部安装有螺旋桨。
图 27是实施例 3的推进器与推进器驱动装置的示意图。 在本实施例中, 推进器驱动装置包括球轴 11和液压装置 10; 球轴 11一端连接在飞行摩托车 内, 另一端连接所述推进器 4的侧面; 液压装置 10有两个, 以球轴 11的轴 杆所在的垂直平面为中心, 位置对称的安装在球轴 11两侧, 一端连接飞行摩 托车的机身 1, 另一端连接推进器 4。 液压装置 10固定在飞行器的机身 1的 一端为万向球头关节轴承端, 可在各个方向上自由旋转, 固定在推进器 4一 端为可前后伸缩位移的固定端。 驾驶员可控制液压装置 10, 并可以分别控制 每个液压装置的状态, 进而控制推进器 4 的偏转方向。 例如, 当需要使得推 进器 4向机身头部的方向倾斜时, 可使球轴 11向机身头部方向转动, 与此同 时, 使得液压装置 10e 向前部转动, 并使其固定端向前伸出, 同时使得液压 装置 10d也向前部转动, 并使其固定端向后回缩, 则在液压装置 10和球轴 11
10
更正页(细则第 91条) 的共同作用下, 可以使推进器 4向前转动。 图 28为图 27的另一视角的示意 图。 图 29为图 27的侧视图, 可看到液压装置 10的万向球头关节轴承端的固 定位置高于所述液压装置 10的固定端的固定位置, 这个设定可以保证推进器 4可在左右方向上偏转。
对应实施例 3, 相应的飞行摩托车飞行姿态调整方法如下。
需要使飞行摩托车处于悬停状态、 前进状态、 全速前进状态、 后退或刹 车状态、 全速后退或急刹车状态、 右转状态或者左转状态时, 飞行摩托车的 各个推进器的状态调整方法与实施例 1、实施例 2的中所对应的控制方法相同。
需要使飞行摩托车处于右平移状态时, 与实施例 2 中的状态调整方法相 同, 使机身左侧的推进器向右倾斜, 图 30是实施例 3的右平移状态示意图。 机身左侧的推进器向右倾斜, 推进器中的螺旋桨给飞行摩托车一个向右的力, 使得飞行摩托车向右平移。
需要使飞行摩托车处于全速右平移状态时, 与实施例 2 中的状态调整方 法相同, 使全部的推进器都向右倾斜, 图 31是实施例 3的全速右平移状态示 意图。 由于所有的推进器都给飞行摩托车一个向右的力, 飞行摩托车将全速 向右平移。
需要使飞行摩托车处于左平移状态时, 与实施例 2 中的状态调整方法相 同, 使机身右侧的推进器向左倾斜, 图 32是实施例 3的左平移状态示意图。 机身右侧的推进器向左倾斜, 推进器中的螺旋桨给飞行摩托车一个向左的力, 使得飞行摩托车向左平移。
需要使飞行摩托车处于全速左平移状态时, 与实施例 2 中的状态调整方 法相同, 使得所有的推进器都向左倾斜, 图 33是实施例 3的全速左平移状态 示意图。 由于所有的推进器都给飞行摩托车一个向左的力, 飞行摩托车将全 速向左平移。
实施例 4 :
图 34是实施例 4的示意图。本发明所公开的飞行器,可以为飞行摩托车, 也可以为飞行汽车。 飞行汽车其推进器的分布和姿态调整的方法是相同的。 实施例 4 中的飞行器是飞行汽车。 相对于飞行摩托车, 飞行汽车可载多人, 更加方便安全。
以上所述的仅是本发明的优选实施方式, 本发明不限于以上实施例。 可 以理解, 本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和构思的前提下直接导出或
1 1
更正页(细则第 91条) 联想到的其他改进和变化, 均应认为包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
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更正页(细则第 91条)

Claims

权利要求书
一种飞行摩托车或汽车, 其特征在于: 包括机身, 所述机身上设置有 推进器和推进器驱动装置; 所述推进器内安装有螺旋桨; 所述推进器 驱动装置控制所述推进器的转动方向; 所述推进器包括前部推进器和 后部推进器; 所述前部推进器包括对称安装在机身前部左侧的左前推 进器和安装在机身前部右侧的右前推进器; 所述后部推进器安装在机 身后方。
如权利要求 1所述的飞行摩托车或汽车, 其特征在于: 所述后部推进 器的安装数量为一个或者两个; 当安装一个后部推进器吋, 所述后部 推进器安装在飞行器的正后方; 当安装两个后部推进器吋, 所述后部 推进器位置对称的安装在飞行器后方左侧与后方右侧。
如权利要求 1所述的飞行摩托车或汽车, 其特征在于: 所述推进器安 装有防吸入网。
如权利要求 1~3任一项所述的飞行摩托车或汽车, 其特征在于: 所述 推进器 (4) 为涵道涡扇发动机; 所述推进器驱动装置包括球轴 (11 ) 与第一液压装置 (10) ; 所述球轴 (11) 一端为万向球头关节轴承 端, 连接在飞行器内, 另一端为固定端, 连接所述推进器 (4) 的侧 面; 所述第一液压装置 (10) —端为万向球头关节轴承端, 固定在飞 行器上, 另一端为可伸缩的固定端, 固定在所述推进器 (4) 的侧面 ; 所述第一液压装置 (10) 至少有三个, 以所述球轴 (11) 的轴杆为 中心, 成环形等距离的安装。
如权利要求 1~3任一项所述的飞行摩托车或汽车, 其特征在于: 所述 推进器 (4) 为涵道涡扇发动机, 推进器 (4) 内部安装有至少一个导 流板 (5) ; 安装有多个导流板 (5) 吋, 导流板 (5) 之间互相平行 ; 所述推进器驱动装置包括转动盘 (8) 、 转动杆 (9) 和第二液压装 置 (7) ; 所述第二液压装置 (7) 的一端为可伸缩端, 固定在所述转 动盘 (8) 的盘面上, 另一端为可在竖直平面内自由转动的转动端, 固定在飞行器内部; 所述转动杆 (9) 一端固定在转动盘 (8) 中心, 另一端固定在所述推进器 (4) 的侧面。
[权利要求 6] 如权利要求 1~3任一项所述的飞行摩托车或汽车, 其特征在于: 所述 推进器 (4) 为圆盘形; 所述推进器驱动装置包括球轴 (11) 和第一 液压装置 (10) ; 所述球轴 (11) 一端为万向球头关节轴承端, 连接 在飞行器内, 另一端为固定端, 连接所述推进器 (4) 的侧面; 所述 第一液压装置 (10) —端为万向球头关节轴承端, 固定在飞行器上, 另一端为可伸缩的固定端, 固定在所述推进器 (4) 的侧面; 所述第 一液压装置 (10) 的万向球头关节轴承端的固定位置高于所述第一液 压装置 (10) 的固定端的固定位置; 所述第一液压装置 (10) 有两个 , 以所述球轴 (11) 所在的垂直面为中心, 位置对称的安装在球轴 (
[权利要求 7] —种如权利要求 4~6任一项所述的飞行摩托车或汽车的飞行姿态调整 方法, 其特征在于:
通过推进器驱动装置使安装在飞行摩托车或汽车两侧及后部的推进器 倾转角度实现飞行摩托车或汽车的悬停、 旋转、 前进和后退; 通过上 述推进器或安装在上述推进器下方的导流板倾转角度实现飞行摩托车 或汽车的左平移和右平移; 通过计算机和飞控***控制各推进器的输 出功率实现飞行摩托车或汽车的平衡; 通过手动控制推进器输出功率 实现飞行摩托车或汽车的高度变化;
具体包括以下情形:
需要使飞行器处于悬停状态吋, 使全部的推进器都保持垂直状态; 需要使飞行器前进吋, 使后部推进器向前倾斜;
需要使飞行器全速前进吋, 使全部的推进器都向前倾斜;
需要使飞行器后退或者刹车吋, 使前部推进器向后倾斜;
需要使飞行器全速后退或者急刹车吋, 使全部的推进器都向后倾斜; 需要使飞行器左平移吋, 使位于机身左侧的推进器或推进器的导流板 向左倾斜;
需要使飞行器全速左平移吋, 使全部的推进器或推进器的导流板都向 左倾斜;
需要使飞行器右平移吋, 使位于机身右侧的推进器或推进器的导流板 向右倾斜;
需要使飞行器全速右平移吋, 使全部的推进器或推进器的导流板都向 右倾斜;
需要使飞行器右转吋, 使左前推进器向前倾斜, 右前推进器向后倾斜 需要使飞行器左转吋, 使左前推进器向后倾斜, 右前推进器向前倾斜
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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RU180700U1 (ru) * 2018-03-27 2018-06-21 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Аэроксо" Аэробайк
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