WO2016155236A1 - 一种间壁式回转窑装置 - Google Patents

一种间壁式回转窑装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016155236A1
WO2016155236A1 PCT/CN2015/088848 CN2015088848W WO2016155236A1 WO 2016155236 A1 WO2016155236 A1 WO 2016155236A1 CN 2015088848 W CN2015088848 W CN 2015088848W WO 2016155236 A1 WO2016155236 A1 WO 2016155236A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
kiln
refractory
feeding
gas
passage
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PCT/CN2015/088848
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
贾会平
Original Assignee
石家庄新华能源环保科技股份有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 石家庄新华能源环保科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 石家庄新华能源环保科技股份有限公司
Priority to JP2018502303A priority Critical patent/JP6549305B2/ja
Priority to DE112015006408.7T priority patent/DE112015006408B4/de
Priority to US15/561,930 priority patent/US10151531B2/en
Priority to AU2015389238A priority patent/AU2015389238B2/en
Publication of WO2016155236A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016155236A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/02—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined of multiple-chamber or multiple-drum type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/10—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined internally heated, e.g. by means of passages in the wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/2016—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/22—Rotary drums; Supports therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/28—Arrangements of linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/38—Arrangements of cooling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/001—Extraction of waste gases, collection of fumes and hoods used therefor
    • F27D17/002—Details of the installations, e.g. fume conduits or seals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/02—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined of multiple-chamber or multiple-drum type
    • F27B2007/027—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined of multiple-chamber or multiple-drum type with more than one drum

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of industrial furnaces and relates to a partition wall rotary kiln device.
  • the waste heat recovery of industrial furnaces and kiln can save energy consumption, reduce the production cost of thermal products, and reduce pollutant emissions.
  • Industrial furnaces and kiln are large-scale high-energy-consuming devices, and the waste heat is very rich. With the rapid development of the national economy, the potential for utilization is huge.
  • the iron and steel industry, calcium carbide industry, alumina industry and refractory industry are the major energy consumers.
  • the rapid growth of the above industries has driven the rapid development of industrial furnaces.
  • the flue gas discharge temperature is high, about 240 ⁇ 260 °C.
  • the effective use of this part of flue gas waste heat can reduce energy waste and increase the economic and environmental protection of industrial furnaces.
  • the flue gas generated by the combustion of the fuel in the rotary kiln passes through the calcined material from the kiln, and the harmful substances in the fuel adhere to the calcined material, and the dust generated by the combustion falls on the material, which affects the quality of the calcined product.
  • the flue gas after combustion is mixed with the carbon dioxide generated by the decomposition of limestone, which is not conducive to the recovery and utilization of carbon dioxide by-product of limestone calcination.
  • the material to be processed and the combustion are carried out in the same kiln, and cannot be directly used for coking, coal gasification or blue carbon production.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a partition wall rotary kiln, which is characterized in that the combustion of the limestone is heated by the partition wall, and the fuel combustion and the limestone decomposition or coking reaction are carried out in different spaces to improve the quality of the product to be heated and to facilitate the collection of high purity. Decompose the gas and use the waste heat of the combustion flue gas to generate electricity, reduce the energy consumption of the rotary kiln, and make full use of resources.
  • the technical scheme of the invention is: a partition wall rotary kiln device, which comprises a rotary kiln, a flue gas waste heat power generation device, a gas recovery processing device, a cooler, a combustion air blower, a loading system and an exhaust gas discharge system.
  • the rotary kiln is provided with a kiln body, a kiln tail cover and a kiln head cover.
  • the kiln body is sealed with the kiln tail cover and the kiln head cover, and the kiln body is composed of an outer casing and a refractory masonry.
  • the kiln head cover is provided with a burner, the kiln body is provided with feeding equipment and discharging equipment, and the feeding equipment and the discharging equipment are connected with the kiln body.
  • the discharge device is connected to the cooler.
  • the refractory masonry of the kiln body is a hollow structure composed of a refractory inner cylinder and a refractory outer cylinder.
  • the center of the refractory inner cylinder is a kiln, and the material inner passage and the refractory outer cylinder are material passages, and the material passage is provided. There is refractory support.
  • the feeding system is connected with the feeding device through the raw material preheating chamber or the partition wall preheater, the feeding device is provided with the decomposition gas outlet, and the decomposition gas outlet is connected to the decomposition gas collector or the gas recovery processing device through the raw material preheating chamber or the partition wall preheater.
  • the kiln is connected to the flue gas waste heat power generation equipment through the kiln tail cover.
  • the device is provided with a conveyor and an intermediate device, and the intermediate device is a storage ring, a single-row material spraying device or a multi-row material spraying device, and a storage ring, a single-row material spraying device or a multi-row material spraying device is fixedly installed in the kiln body.
  • the feeding system is sequentially connected to the feeding device through the raw material preheating bin, the conveyor and the storage ring.
  • the raw material preheating chamber is provided with a preheating chamber gas inlet and a preheating chamber gas outlet, the decomposition gas outlet is connected to the preheating chamber gas inlet, and the preheating chamber gas outlet is connected to the decomposition gas collector.
  • the gas recovery processing equipment includes a gas purification device, a tar extraction device and a multi-bend dust removal device
  • the partition wall preheater is a sleeve type structure, and is composed of a ring preheating chamber and a flue gas passage.
  • the upper part of the annular preheating chamber is provided with a decomposition gas outlet
  • the lower part is provided with a decomposition gas inlet and a preheating material outlet
  • the flue gas passage is provided with a flue gas outlet.
  • the feeding system is connected to the feeding device through the annular preheating bin of the partition preheater and the preheating bin material outlet.
  • the rotary kiln decomposition gas outlet is connected to the annular preheating chamber through the decomposition gas inlet of the annular preheating chamber, and the annular preheating chamber is sequentially connected to the tar extraction device and the gas purification device through the decomposition gas outlet.
  • the kiln is connected to the multi-curve dedusting equipment and the flue gas waste heat power generation equipment through the kiln tail cover, the flue gas passage and the flue gas outlet.
  • the material channel is at least one straight channel or at least one spiral channel, and each of the straight channel or the spiral channel is provided with a feeding device and a discharging device.
  • the material channel is divided into a plurality of sections in the axial direction, and each section is not connected to each other, and each section is independently provided with a feeding device and a discharging device.
  • the feeding device is a feeding nozzle or a feeding ring
  • the discharging device is a discharging ring or a discharging passage.
  • the feed ring is located on one side of the kiln tail cover and the discharge ring is located on one side of the kiln head cover.
  • the refractory outer cylinder is provided with a feeding hole and a discharging hole, and the feeding device communicates with the material passage through the feeding hole, and the discharging ring is connected to the cooler through the discharging hole.
  • a material copying plate is arranged in the feeding ring, and the material copying plate is installed at the inlet of the feeding hole.
  • the material passage is provided with a material baffle, and the material baffle is installed at the outlet of the feed hole.
  • the device is provided with a cooling fan and a heat exchanger. The cooling fan is connected to the cooler through a heat exchanger, and the combustion air blower is connected to the combustion air inlet of the burner through the heat exchanger, and the combustion air is preheated by the hot air after cooling the product.
  • the material of the refractory masonry is a metal material, a refractory material, a ceramic material or a heat conductive material, or a composite material of the above materials.
  • the refractory material is cast into refractory bricks or amorphous refractory materials.
  • the refractory masonry of the kiln body is a single-ring or multi-ring structure, and at least one material passage in each of the refractory masonry is arranged, and the feeding device and the discharging device are independently set for each material passage.
  • the refractory masonry and kiln are concentrically mounted or eccentrically mounted.
  • the refractory masonry is composed of a looped loop structure or a ring that is not connected.
  • the rotary kiln rotates continuously or reciprocally between 0 and 360°, and the axial inclination of the rotary kiln cylinder ranges from 0 to 45°.
  • the hollow structure is between the refractory outer cylinder and the refractory inner cylinder, and is effectively insulated by the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the hollow structure is not connected with the smoke in the central kiln and the structure outside the outer cylinder.
  • the material space and the central kiln of the wall-type rotary kiln device can be exchanged with each other, that is, the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the passage in the refractory masonry, the calcined material is sent to the central kiln for calcination, and the corresponding fuel burner is set in the refractory masonry.
  • the end of the channel, the feeding device and the discharging device are connected to both ends of the central kiln.
  • the refractory masonry is a loop or a ring that is not connected.
  • the center of the ring is not necessarily at the center of the kiln, and the shape of the ring may be any curve.
  • the refractory masonry is of various shapes with internal passages. The internal passages are straight, curved or spiral, and the adjacent two material passages may not be connected.
  • the refractory masonry is composed of a plurality of horizontally or a certain angled segments divided by the axial direction.
  • Each section is provided with a plurality of feeding ports and discharging ports along the axial direction of the kiln body, and the feeding port is connected with the feeding device, and the discharging device is connected.
  • the mouth is connected with the discharging device, and the materials in each segment may be mixed or less mixed, and the decomposition gas calcined in each segment may or may not communicate with each other through the communication pipeline between the segments.
  • the flue gas waste heat power generation equipment includes a waste heat boiler, a steam turbine and a generator, and the waste heat boiler is provided with a steam coil and steam The coil is connected to a steam turbine, and the steam turbine is connected to the generator shaft.
  • the burner is a gas fuel burner, a liquid fuel burner and a solid fuel burner, or a combination of the above burners.
  • the invention can be used for calcining lime and dolomite, performing carbonization and coal gasification of coal, producing coke and blue carbon, and can also be used for reducing iron making to produce sponge iron.
  • the partition wall type rotary kiln device comprises a kiln wall and a kiln body which is coaxially mounted with a refractory inner cylinder and a refractory outer cylinder, so that the refractory inner cylinder is a kiln for fuel combustion and smoke flow, and the outer cylinder of the material is resistant.
  • the refractory inner cylinder is a calcined material passage, or the whole is a refractory masonry containing a passage.
  • the flue gas partition wall generated by the kiln combustion heats the material such as limestone to avoid direct contact between the flue gas and the material, and the heated or
  • the quality of calcined products is conducive to recycling and decomposing gases with economic value, increasing the income of by-products and the economic benefits of enterprises.
  • the rotary kiln is connected with the flue gas waste heat power generation equipment, and uses the waste heat of the kiln fuel to burn the flue gas to make full use of the waste heat resources, reduce the energy consumption of the rotary kiln, and improve the thermal efficiency of the calcination.
  • a material copying plate is arranged in the feeding ring, and a material baffle is arranged in the material passage to facilitate the material to enter the material passage, and the material is prevented from flowing out from the lower feeding hole and blocking the feeding ring.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a partition wall type rotary kiln according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a B-B diagram of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the feeding ring
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the discharge ring
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a C-C diagram of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1-feeding system 2-preheating gas inlet, 3-buoy ring, 4-preheating gas outlet, 5-decomposition gas collector, 6-conveyor, 7-decomposition gas outlet, 8-feeding equipment , 9-kiln tail cover, 10-kiln body, 11-material passage, 12-resistant material support, 13-resistant inner cylinder, 14-discharge equipment, 15-sealing, 16-kiln head cover, 17-burner , 18-combustion air heat exchanger, 19-combustion fan, 20-cooling fan, 21-cooler, 22-cooling air outlet, 23-cooling air inlet, 24-resistant outer cylinder, 25-kiln, 26- Flue gas waste heat power generation equipment, 27-wall preheater, 28-ring preheating chamber, 29-flue air passage, 30-gas purification equipment, 31-tar extraction equipment, 32-multiple corner dust removal equipment, 33-material pre-preparation Hot chamber, 34-flue gas outlet, 35-decomposition gas inlet, 36-preheat
  • the partition wall rotary kiln device of the present invention comprises a rotary kiln, a flue gas waste heat power generation device 26, a decomposition gas collector 5, a cooler 21, a raw material preheating chamber 33, a conveyor 6, and a storage ring. 3. Cooling fan 20, combustion air blower 19, heat exchanger 18, loading system 1 and exhaust gas discharge system.
  • the rotary kiln is provided with a kiln body 10, a kiln tail cover 9, and a kiln head cover 16, which are connected to the kiln tail cover and the kiln head cover seal 15.
  • the kiln head cover is provided with a burner 17 which is a gas fuel burner.
  • the kiln body is provided with a feeding device 8, a discharging device 14, a feeding device and a discharging device, and a dynamic sealing connection with the kiln body.
  • the discharge device is connected to a cooler, and the cooling fan is connected to the cooler through a heat exchanger, and the combustion air blower is connected to the combustion air inlet of the burner via the heat exchanger.
  • the refractory masonry of the kiln body 10 is a hollow structure composed of the refractory inner cylinder 13 and the refractory outer cylinder 24.
  • the center of the refractory inner cylinder is the kiln ⁇ 25, and the material inner passage between the refractory inner cylinder and the refractory outer cylinder is a material passage 11 , the material passage is a straight passage, and the material passage is provided with a refractory support 12 .
  • the material of the refractory inner cylinder and the refractory outer cylinder is made of ceramic material.
  • the material passage is a high temperature resistant wear resistant material
  • the refractory material is a high temperature resistant wear resistant material
  • the high temperature resistant wear resistant material is a ceramic material.
  • the storage ring is fixedly mounted on the kiln body 10, and the loading system is sequentially connected to the feeding device through the raw material preheating bin, the conveyor and the storage ring.
  • the feeding device is provided with a decomposition gas outlet 7, and the raw material preheating chamber is provided with a preheating chamber gas inlet 2 and a preheating chamber gas outlet 4, and the decomposition gas outlet is connected to the decomposition gas collector 5 through the raw material preheating chamber.
  • the kiln is connected to the flue gas waste heat power generation equipment through the kiln tail cover, and the flue gas waste heat power generation equipment is connected to the exhaust gas discharge system.
  • the exhaust system includes desulfurization and denitration equipment, dust collectors, induced draft fans and chimneys.
  • the feeding device is a feeding ring 40, as shown in Fig. 5, and the discharging device is a discharging ring 42.
  • the feed ring is located on one side of the kiln tail cover and the discharge ring is located on one side of the kiln head cover.
  • the refractory outer cylinder is provided with a feed hole 37 and a discharge hole 41.
  • the feeding device communicates with the material passage 11 through the feed hole, and the discharge ring is connected to the cooler through the discharge hole.
  • a material copying plate 39 is provided in the feeding ring 40, and the material copying plate is installed at the inlet of the feeding hole 37.
  • the material passage 11 is provided with a material baffle 38 which is installed at the outlet of the feed hole 37.
  • the flue gas waste heat power generation equipment comprises a waste heat boiler, a steam turbine and a generator, the waste heat boiler is provided with a steam coil, the steam coil is connected with the steam turbine, and the steam turbine is coaxially connected with the generator set.
  • the inter-wall rotary kiln device is calcined to produce lime by using limestone as a raw material.
  • the operation process is: limestone is fed into the raw material preheating chamber 33 through the feeding system 1, and the raw material is preheated by using the decomposition gas generated by the calcined limestone material.
  • the preheated limestone enters the material passage of the rotary kiln via the conveyor 6, the storage ring 3 and the feed ring 40.
  • the burner 17 is combusted to produce limestone material in the flue gas wall heating material passage 11, and the calcined lime enters the cooler 21 through the discharge ring 42.
  • the cooling air swelled by the cooling fan 20 enters the cooler to cool the lime, and the hot air after cooling the lime heat exchanges with the combustion air through the heat exchanger 18 to the exhaust gas exhaust Release system emissions.
  • the combustion flue gas generates steam in the waste heat boiler of the flue gas waste heat power generation device 26 after the flue gas is heated in the material passage of the kiln, and drives the steam turbine to rotate to drive the generator to generate electricity.
  • the flue gas leaving the waste heat boiler is discharged to the chimney after denitrification, desulfurization and dust removal.
  • the decomposition gas generated by the decomposition of limestone in the material passage is rich in carbon dioxide, and the raw material is preheated through the decomposition gas outlet 7, the preheating chamber gas inlet 2, and the raw material preheating chamber 33.
  • the decomposition gas after preheating the raw material is collected by a decomposition gas collector.
  • FIG. 3 Another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, includes a rotary kiln, a flue gas waste heat power generation device 26, a cooler 21, a partition wall preheater 27, a gas purification device 30, a tar extraction device 31, and a multi-curve dedusting device. 32.
  • the dividing wall preheater is of a sleeve type structure and is composed of an annular preheating chamber 28 and a flue gas passage 29.
  • the upper part of the annular preheating chamber is provided with a decomposition gas outlet, the lower part is provided with a decomposition gas inlet 35 and a preheating material material outlet 36, the flue gas passage is provided with a flue gas outlet 34;
  • the feeding system passes through the annular preheating chamber of the partition wall preheater and
  • the preheating bin material outlet is connected to the feeding device 8.
  • the decomposition gas outlet is connected to the annular preheating chamber through a decomposition gas inlet, and the annular preheating chamber is sequentially connected to the tar extraction device and the gas purification device through the decomposition gas outlet.
  • the kiln is sequentially connected to the multi-curve dedusting device and the flue gas waste heat power generating device 26 through the kiln tail cover 9, the flue gas passage, and the flue gas outlet.
  • the multi-curve dedusting device is provided with a burner, and the gas purifying device outlet is divided into two paths, one is connected to the burner 17, and the other is connected to the burner of the multi-curve dedusting device.
  • the other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • pulverized coal is used as a raw material for dry distillation to produce blue carbon, tar and gas products.
  • the production process is as follows: the pulverized coal enters the annular preheating chamber 28 of the partition preheater 27 through the feeding system 1 , and the decomposition gas (coke oven gas) generated by the pulverized coal retorting enters the annular preheating chamber to preheat the pulverized coal.
  • the hot coal powder enters the material passage 11 through the preheating bin material outlet 36 and the feeding device 8.
  • the burner 17 is combusted to generate flue gas, and the pulverized coal in the partition wall heating material passage 11 is heated by the partition wall, and the coal powder is subjected to coking reaction in the material passage.
  • the generated blue carbon is cooled by the discharge device 14 to the cooler, and then cooled out of the device.
  • the generated coke oven gas enters the partition preheater to preheat the pulverized coal raw material through the decomposition gas outlet 7 and the decomposition gas inlet 35, and the coke oven gas after preheating the pulverized coal is extracted from the gas outlet of the upper portion of the annular preheating chamber to the tar extraction device 31.
  • the coal tar, the oil after the oil is introduced into the gas purifying device 30 for dust removal, cooling and desulfurization, and then to the rotary kiln burner 17 and the burner of the multi-bend dust removal device for fuel.
  • Other structures and processes are the same as in Embodiment 1.
  • Still another embodiment of the present invention is useful for both reduction ironmaking and calcined lime.
  • the material passages 11 are spiral passages, and the spiral spaces are respectively used to heat the limestone.
  • the material of the refractory masonry is made of metal.
  • Other structures are the same as in claim 1.
  • the refractory masonry of the kiln body 10 is a 4-ring structure including a kiln in the center of the refractory masonry. ⁇ 25, the material channel 11, the second kiln 43 and the second material channel, the material channels of each layer are independently provided with feeding equipment and discharging equipment for heating different materials.
  • the refractory masonry is composed of a plurality of horizontally placed or angled axial directions divided into three short sections, each of which is not connected to each other, and each section is disposed along the axial direction on the kiln body.
  • Single row material injection device The single row material ejection device includes seven sets of feed nozzles 45 and seven sets of discharge nozzles 46.
  • the inlet nozzles 45 are connected to the raw material preheating chamber 33 through the conveyor 6, and the discharge nozzles 46 are connected to the cooler 21.
  • Each section is independently provided with feeding equipment and discharging equipment.
  • the working process is: when the kiln body is stationary, the feeding device feeds the material passages in each section, after the feeding is completed, all the nozzles are closed, the rotary kiln rotates the calcined materials, and after the calcination is completed, the calcination is completed. After the material is discharged from the discharge nozzle, the kiln body stops rotating and a second feeding and calcining process is performed.
  • the refractory masonry is provided with eight straight material passages 11 and the center is a kiln, and the material passages are not connected to each other, and each straight material passage is provided with Feeding equipment and discharging equipment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

一种间壁式回转窑装置，包括回转窑、烟气余热发电设备（26）、气体回收处理设备（5）、冷却器（21）、助燃风机（19）、上料***（1）和废气排放***。窑体（10）的耐材砌体为由耐材内筒（13）和耐材外筒（24）构成的空心结构。耐材内筒（13）的中心为窑膛（25），耐材内筒（13）和耐材外筒（24）之间为物料通道（11），物料通道（11）设有耐材支撑（12）或含有通道的耐火砌体。上料***（1）通过原料预热仓或间壁预热器与加料设备连接。加料设备设有分解气体出口（7），分解气体出口（7）通过原料预热仓或间壁预热器连接到气体回收处理设备（5），窑膛（25）通过窑尾罩（9）连接到烟气余热发电设备（26）。由窑壁和同轴安装的耐材内筒（13）和耐材外筒（24）构成的窑体（10），避免烟气与物料直接接触，提高了被加热或煅烧产品的质量，有利于回收利用分解气体，增加经济效益。

Description

一种间壁式回转窑装置 技术领域
本发明属于工业炉窑技术领域，涉及一种间壁式回转窑装置。
背景技术
工业炉窑余热回收利用，可以节约能源消耗，降低热工产品生产成本，同时减少污染物的排放。工业炉窑是大型的高耗能装置，余热非常丰富，随着国民经济的迅猛发展，可利用的潜力巨大。钢铁工业、电石工业、氧化铝工业和耐火材料工业是能耗大户，上述行业的快速增长，带动了工业炉窑的高速发展。热工产品在生产过程中，烟气排放温度高，约为240～260℃。将这部分烟气余热有效利用，可以减少能源浪费，增加工业炉窑的经济性和环保性。
回转窑中燃料燃烧产生的烟气从窑膛中穿过煅烧物料，燃料中的有害物质附着在被煅烧物料上，同时燃烧产生的灰尘落在物料上，影响煅烧产品的质量。另外燃烧后的烟气与石灰石分解产生的二氧化碳混合在一起，不利于石灰石煅烧副产品二氧化碳的回收和利用。现有技术的回转窑，被加工物料和燃烧在同一窑膛进行，不能直接用于进行焦化、煤气化或兰炭生产。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种间壁式回转窑，通过间壁加热煅烧石灰石，使燃料燃烧和石灰石分解或焦化反应在不同的空间内进行，以提高被加热生产产品的质量，有利于收集高纯度的分解气体和利用燃烧烟气的余热发电，降低回转窑的能量消耗，充分利用资源。
本发明的技术方案是：间壁式回转窑装置，包括回转窑、烟气余热发电设备、气体回收处理设备、冷却器、助燃风机、上料***和废气排放***。回转窑设有窑体、窑尾罩和窑头罩，窑体与窑尾罩和窑头罩密封连接，窑体由外壳和耐材砌体构成。窑头罩设有燃烧器，窑体设有加料设备和出料设备，加料设备和出料设备与窑体动密封连接。出料设备与冷却器连接。窑体的耐材砌体为耐材内筒和耐材外筒构成的空心结构，耐材内筒的中心为窑膛，耐材内筒和耐材外筒之间为物料通道，物料通道设有耐材支撑。上料***通过原料预热仓或间壁预热器与加料设备连接，加料设备设有分解气体出口，分解气体出口通过原料预热仓或间壁预热器连接到分解气体收集器或气体回收处理设备，窑膛通过窑尾罩连接到烟气余热发电设备。
装置设有输送器和中间设备，中间设备为蓄料环、单排物料喷射装置或多排物料喷射装置，蓄料环、单排物料喷射装置或多排物料喷射装置固定安装在窑体。上料***依次通过原料预热仓、输送器和蓄料环与加料设备连接。原料预热仓设有预热仓气体入口和预热仓气体出口，分解气体出口连接到预热仓气体入口，预热仓气体出口连接到分解气体收集器。
气体回收处理设备包括气体净化设备、焦油提取设备和多弯道除尘设备，间壁预热器为套筒式结构，由环形预热仓和烟气道构成。环形预热仓上部设有分解气体出口，下部设有分解气体入口和预热仓物料出口，烟气道设有烟气出口。上料***通过间壁预热器的环形预热仓和预热仓物料出口连接到加料设备。回转窑分解气体出口通过环形预热仓的分解气体入口连接到环形预热仓，环形预热仓通过分解气体出口依次连接到焦油提取设备和气体净化设备。窑膛通过窑尾罩、烟气道、烟气出口依次连接到多弯道除尘设备和烟气余热发电设备。
物料通道为至少一个直行通道或至少一个螺旋形通道，每个直行通道或螺旋形通道各自设置有进料设备和出料设备。物料通道轴向分为多段，每段相互不连通，各段独立设置有加料设备和出料设备。加料设备为加料喷嘴或加料环，出料设备为出料环或出料通道。加料环位于窑尾罩一侧，出料环位于窑头罩的一侧。耐材外筒设有进料孔和出料孔，加料设备通过进料孔与物料通道连通，出料环通过出料孔与冷却器连接。加料环中设有物料抄板，物料抄板安装在进料孔的入口处。物料通道设有物料挡板，物料挡板安装在进料孔的出口处。装置设有冷却风机和换热器，冷却风机通过换热器连接到冷却器，助燃风机经换热器连接到燃烧器的助燃风入口，用冷却产品后的热气预热助燃空气。
耐材砌体的材质为金属材料、耐火材料、陶瓷材料或导热材料，或上述材料的复合材料。耐火材料为耐火砖或不定形耐材浇注成。窑体的耐材砌体为单环或多环结构，每环耐材砌体中至少一个物料通道，各个物料通道独立设置加料设备和出料设备。所述耐材砌体和窑膛为同心安装或偏心安装。耐材砌体为环套环结构或不连接的环构成。回转窑连续旋转或0～360°之间往复转动，回转窑筒体的轴向倾角范围为0～45°。
空心结构在耐材外筒和耐材内筒之间，而且被内筒和外筒有效的隔绝，空心结构与中心窑膛中的烟气和耐材外筒外的结构不联通。间壁式回转窑装置的物料空间和中心窑膛可以相互调换，即高温烟气通入耐材砌体中的通道，被煅烧物料送入中心窑膛煅烧，对应燃料烧嘴设置在耐材砌体通道端部，加料设备和出料设备与中心窑膛的两端连接。形成窑膛和至少一环结构，每环砌体中至少一个物料通道，一环砌体两边与窑膛相连，各层物料通道独立设置加料设备和出料设备。耐材砌体为环套环或不连接的环，环的中心不一定在窑膛中心，环的形状可以是任意曲线。耐材砌体为有内部通道的多种形状，内部通道为直线、曲线或螺旋结构，相邻两个物料通道可以不联通。耐材砌体由多个水平放置或一定角度的按轴线方向分成的小段组成，每段在窑体上沿轴线方向设置有多组加料口和出料口，加料口与加料设备连接，出料口与出料设备连接，各段中物料可以不混合或少混合，各段物料煅烧的分解气可通过各段之间的连通管路相互连通，也可以不连通。
烟气余热发电设备包括废热锅炉、蒸汽轮机和发电机，废热锅炉设有蒸汽盘管，蒸汽 盘管与蒸汽轮机连接，蒸汽轮机与发电机组轴连接。燃烧器为气体燃料烧嘴、液体燃料烧嘴和固体燃料烧嘴，或上述烧嘴的组合。本发明可以用于煅烧石灰、白云石，进行煤的干馏和煤气化，生产焦炭、兰炭，也可用于还原炼铁生产海绵铁。
本发明间壁式回转窑装置由窑壁和同轴安装的耐材内筒和耐材外筒构成的窑体，使耐材内筒为燃料燃烧和烟气流通的窑膛，耐材外筒和耐材内筒之间为煅烧物料通道，或整体是含有通道的耐火砌体，窑膛燃烧产生的烟气间壁加热物料通道的石灰石等物料，避免烟气与物料直接接触，提高了被加热或煅烧产品的质量，有利于回收利用有经济价值的分解气体，增加副产收入和企业的经济效益。回转窑与烟气余热发电设备连接，利用窑膛燃料燃烧烟气的余热发电，充分利用了废热资源，降低回转窑的能量消耗，提高煅烧的热效率。通过在窑体安装加料环和出料环，改进了进料和出料方式，优化了间壁式回转窑的操作。加料环中设有物料抄板，物料通道设有物料挡板便于物料进入物料通道，避免物料从下部的进料孔流出和堵塞加料环。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型间壁式回转窑的结构示意图；
图2为本实用新型的B-B图；
图3为本实用新型另一实施方案的结构示意图；
图4为加料环结构示意图；
图5为出料环结构示意图；
图6为本发明再一种实施方案的结构示意图；
图7为图6的C-C图；
图8为本发明第四种实施方案的结构示意图；
图9为本发明第五种实施方案的结构示意图；
图10为本发明第六种实施方式的截面示意图。
其中：
1-上料***、2-预热仓气体入口、3-蓄料环、4-预热仓气体出口、5-分解气体收集器、6-输送器、7-分解气体出口、8-加料设备、9-窑尾罩、10-窑体、11-物料通道、12-耐材支撑、13-耐材内筒、14-出料设备、15-密封、16-窑头罩、17-燃烧器、18-助燃空气换热器、19-助燃风机、20-冷却风机、21-冷却器、22-冷却风出口、23-冷却风入口、24-耐材外筒、25-窑膛、26-烟气余热发电设备、27-间壁预热器、28-环形预热仓、29-烟气道、30-气体净化设备、31-焦油提取设备、32-多弯道除尘设备、33-原料预热仓、34-烟气出口、35-分解气入口、36-预热仓物料出口、37-进料孔、38-物料挡板、 39-物料抄板、40-加料环、41-出料孔、42-出料环、43-第二窑膛、44-第二物料通道、45-物料喷嘴、46-出料嘴。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明进行详细说明。本发明保护范围不限于实施例，本领域技术人员在权利要求限定的范围内做出任何改动也属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本发明间壁式回转窑装置如图1、图2所示，包括回转窑、烟气余热发电设备26、分解气体收集器5、冷却器21、原料预热仓33、输送器6、蓄料环3、冷却风机20、助燃风机19、换热器18、上料***1和废气排放***。回转窑设有窑体10、窑尾罩9、窑头罩16，窑体与窑尾罩和窑头罩密封15连接。窑头罩设有燃烧器17，燃烧器为气体燃料烧嘴。窑体设有加料设备8、出料设备14，加料设备和出料设备与窑体动密封连接。出料设备与冷却器连接，冷却风机通过换热器连接到冷却器，助燃风机经换热器连接到燃烧器的助燃风入口。窑体10的耐材砌体为由耐材内筒13和由耐材外筒24构成的空心结构。耐材内筒的中心为窑膛25，耐材内筒和耐材外筒之间为物料通道11，物料通道为直行通道，物料通道设有耐材支撑12。耐材内筒和耐材外筒的材质为陶瓷材料。
物料通道是耐高温耐磨材料，耐材支撑为耐高温耐磨材料，耐高温耐磨材料为陶瓷材料。蓄料环固定安装在窑体10，上料***依次通过原料预热仓、输送器和蓄料环与加料设备连接。加料设备设有分解气体出口7，原料预热仓设有预热仓气体入口2和预热仓气体出口4，分解气体出口通过原料预热仓连接到分解气体收集器5。窑膛通过窑尾罩连接到烟气余热发电设备，烟气余热发电设备连接到废气排放***。废气排放***包括脱硫脱硝设备、除尘器、引风机和烟囱。加料设备为加料环40，如图5所示，出料设备为出料环42。加料环位于窑尾罩一侧，出料环位于窑头罩的一侧。耐材外筒设有进料孔37和出料孔41，加料设备通过进料孔与物料通道11连通，出料环通过出料孔与冷却器连接。如图4所示，加料环40中设有物料抄板39，物料抄板安装在进料孔37的入口处。物料通道11设有物料挡板38，物料挡板安装在进料孔37的出口处。烟气余热发电设备包括废热锅炉、蒸汽轮机和发电机，废热锅炉设有蒸汽盘管，蒸汽盘管与蒸汽轮机连接，蒸汽轮机与发电机组同轴连接。
间壁式回转窑装置以石灰石为原料煅烧生产石灰，运行过程是：石灰石经上料***1进入原料预热仓33，利用煅烧石灰石物料产生的分解气体对原料进行预热。预热后的石灰石经输送器6、蓄料环3和加料环40进入回转窑的物料通道。燃烧器17燃烧产生烟气间壁加热物料通道11中的石灰石物料，煅烧后的石灰经出料环42进入冷却器21。冷却风机20鼓出的冷却风进入冷却器中冷却石灰，冷却石灰后的热风经换热器18与助燃风换热后到废气排 放***排放。燃烧烟气在窑膛25间壁加热物料通道中物料后经烟气出口到烟气余热发电设备26的废热锅炉发生蒸汽，驱动蒸汽轮机转动，带动发电机发电。离开废热锅炉的烟气经脱硝脱硫和除尘后到烟囱排放。物料通道中石灰石分解产生的分解气体，富含二氧化碳，经分解气体出口7、预热仓气体入口2到原料预热仓33预热原料。预热原料后的分解气体到分解气体收集器收集。
实施例2
本发明的另一种实施方式如图3所示，包括回转窑、烟气余热发电设备26、冷却器21、间壁预热器27、气体净化设备30、焦油提取设备31和多弯道除尘设备32、冷却风机20、助燃风机19、换热器18、上料***1和废气排放***。间壁预热器为套筒式结构，由环形预热仓28和烟气道29构成。环形预热仓上部设有分解气体出口，下部设有分解气体入口35和预热仓物料出口36，烟气道设有烟气出口34；上料***通过间壁预热器的环形预热仓和预热仓物料出口连接到加料设备8。分解气体出口通过分解气体入口连接到环形预热仓，环形预热仓通过分解气体出口依次连接到焦油提取设备和气体净化设备。窑膛通过窑尾罩9、烟气道、烟气出口依次连接到多弯道除尘设备和烟气余热发电设备26。多弯道除尘设备设有烧嘴，气体净化设备出口分为两路，一路连接到燃烧器17，另一路连接到多弯道除尘设备的烧嘴。其它结构与实施例1相同。
本实施例以煤粉为原料干馏生产兰炭、焦油和煤气产品。生产过程为：煤粉经上料***1进入间壁预热器27的环形预热仓28，由煤粉干馏产生的分解气体(焦炉煤气)进入环形预热仓对煤粉进行预热，预热后的煤粉经预热仓物料出口36和加料设备8进入物料通道11。燃烧器17燃烧产生烟气，间壁加热物料通道11中的煤粉进行间壁加热，煤粉在物料通道进行焦化反应。生成的兰炭经出料设备14到冷却器冷却，冷却后出装置。产生的焦炉煤气经分解气体出口7和分解气入口35进入间壁预热器预热煤粉原料，预热煤粉后的焦炉煤气经环形预热仓上部的气体出口到焦油提取设备31提取煤焦油，提油后的煤气进入气体净化设备30进行除尘、降温和脱硫，然后到回转窑燃烧器17和多弯道除尘设备的烧嘴作燃料。其它结构和过程与实施例1相同。
实施例3
本发明再一种实施方式用于还原炼铁和煅烧石灰两种用途。如图6、图7所示，物料通道11为螺旋形通道，螺旋空间分别用于加热石灰石。耐材砌体的材质为金属材料。其它结构与权利要求1相同。
实施例4
本发明第四种实施方式如图8所示，窑体10的耐材砌体为4环结构，包括耐材砌体中心的窑 膛25，物料通道11、第二窑膛43和第二物料通道，各层物料通道独立设置加料设备和出料设备，用于加热不同的物料。
实施例5
本发明第五种实施方式如图9所示，耐材砌体由多个水平放置或一定角度的按轴线方向分成3小段组成，每段相互不连通，每段在窑体上沿轴线方向设置单排物料喷射装置。单排物料喷射装置包括7组进料喷嘴45和7组出料嘴46，进喷嘴45通过输送器6与原料预热仓33连接，出料嘴46与冷却器21连接。各段独立设置有加料设备和出料设备，工作过程为：窑体静止时，通过加料设备向各段物料通道内进行加料，完成加料后所有料嘴关闭，回转窑旋转煅烧物料，完成煅烧后，物料从出料喷嘴出料后，窑体停止转动，进行第二次加料和煅烧流程。
实施例6
本发明第六种实施方式如图10所示，耐材砌体设有8个直行的物料通道11，中心为窑膛25，物料通道之间各不相通，每个直行的物料通道各自设置有进料设备和出料设备。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种间壁式回转窑装置，包括回转窑、烟气余热发电设备(26)、气体回收处理设备(5)、冷却器(21)、助燃风机(19)、上料***(1)和废气排放***，所述回转窑设有窑体(10)、窑尾罩(9)和窑头罩(16)，窑体与窑尾罩和窑头罩密封(15)连接，所述窑体由外壳和耐材砌体构成；窑头罩设有燃烧器(17)，所述窑体设有加料设备(8)和出料设备(14)，所述加料设备和出料设备与窑体动密封连接；所述出料设备与冷却器连接，其特征是：所述窑体(10)的耐材砌体为由耐材内筒(13)和耐材外筒(24)构成的空心结构；所述耐材内筒的中心为窑膛(25)，耐材内筒和耐材外筒之间为物料通道(11)，物料通道设有耐材支撑(12)；所述上料***通过原料预热仓或间壁预热器与加料设备连接；所述加料设备设有分解气体出口(7)，所述分解气体出口通过原料预热仓或间壁预热器连接到分解气体收集器(5)或气体回收处理设备，所述窑膛通过窑尾罩连接到烟气余热发电设备。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的间壁式回转窑装置，其特征是：所述装置设有输送器(6)和中间设备，所述中间设备为蓄料环(3)、单排物料喷射装置或多排物料喷射装置；所述蓄料环、单排物料喷射装置或多排物料喷射装置固定安装在窑体(10)；所述上料***依次通过原料预热仓(33)、输送器和蓄料环与加料设备连接；所述原料预热仓(33)设有预热仓气体入口(2)和预热仓气体出口(4)，所述分解气体出口(7)连接到预热仓气体入口，预热仓气体出口连接到分解气体收集器(5)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的间壁式回转窑装置，其特征是：所述气体回收处理设备包括气体净化设备(30)、焦油提取设备(31)和多弯道除尘设备(32)；所述间壁预热器(27)为套筒式结构，由环形预热仓(28)和烟气道(29)构成；所述环形预热仓上部设有气体出口，下部设有分解气体入口(35)和预热仓物料出口(36)，所述烟气道设有烟气出口(34)；所述上料***通过间壁预热器的环形预热仓和预热仓物料出口连接到加料设备(8)；所述分解气体出口(7)通过环形预热仓的分解气体入口连接到环形预热仓，环形预热仓通过上部的气体出口依次连接到焦油提取设备和气体净化设备；所述窑膛通过窑尾罩(9)、烟气道、烟气出口依次连接到多弯道除尘设备，多弯道除尘设备出口与烟气余热发电设备(26)连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1～3任一项所述的间壁式回转窑装置，其特征是：所述物料通道(11)为至少一个直行通道或至少一个螺旋形通道，每个直行通道或螺旋形通道分别设置有进料设备和出料设备；所述物料通道轴向分为多段，各段相互不连通，每段独立设置有加料设备和出料设备。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的间壁式回转窑装置，其特征是：所述加料设备(8)为加料喷嘴或加料环(40)，所述出料设备为出料环(42)或出料通道；所述耐材外筒设有进料孔(37)和出料孔(41)，加料设备通过进料孔与物料通道(11)连通，出料环通过出料孔与冷却器连接； 所述加料环(40)中设有物料抄板(39)，所述物料抄板安装在进料孔(37)的入口处；所述物料通道(11)设有物料挡板(38)，所述物料挡板安装在进料孔(37)的出口处。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的间壁式回转窑装置，其特征是：所述装置设有冷却风机(20)和换热器(18)，所述冷却风机通过换热器(18)连接到冷却器(21)，所述助燃风机经换热器连接到燃烧器的助燃风入口；所述燃烧器(17)为气体燃料烧嘴、液体燃料烧嘴和固体燃料烧嘴，或上述烧嘴的组合。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的间壁式回转窑装置，其特征是：所述耐材砌体的材质为金属材料、耐火材料、陶瓷材料或导热材料，或上述材料的复合材料；所述耐火材料为耐火砖或不定形耐材浇注成。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的间壁式回转窑装置，其特征是：所述窑体(10)的耐材砌体为单环或多环结构，每环耐材砌体中至少一个物料通道，各个物料通道独立设置加料设备和出料设备。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的间壁式回转窑装置，其特征是：所述耐材砌体和窑膛为同心安装或偏心安装；所述耐材砌体为环套环结构或不连接的环构成。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的间壁式回转窑装置，其特征是：所述回转窑连续旋转或0～360°之间往复转动，所述回转窑筒体的轴向倾角范围为0～45°。
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