WO2016150339A1 - 一种提高水域整体复氧能力的富营养化治理*** - Google Patents

一种提高水域整体复氧能力的富营养化治理*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016150339A1
WO2016150339A1 PCT/CN2016/076666 CN2016076666W WO2016150339A1 WO 2016150339 A1 WO2016150339 A1 WO 2016150339A1 CN 2016076666 W CN2016076666 W CN 2016076666W WO 2016150339 A1 WO2016150339 A1 WO 2016150339A1
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Prior art keywords
water
nanobubble
ship
dissolved oxygen
exhaust pipe
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PCT/CN2016/076666
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English (en)
French (fr)
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周强
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周强
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Publication of WO2016150339A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016150339A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ecological management system, in particular to an eutrophication treatment system for improving the overall reoxygenation capacity of a water area.
  • Lake pollution sources are large, large, and have many uncertainties. Especially due to the influence of atmospheric circulation, the prediction and monitoring of lake eutrophication must rely on the comprehensive effects of on-site monitoring, remote sensing monitoring, full basin monitoring, national and even cross-border monitoring. It is only at any time to monitor the "dynamic information" for the dominant factors in the occurrence and development of eutrophication of lakes, and take corresponding, lasting, low-cost effective measures to curb the occurrence of eutrophication of lakes.
  • the lack of oxygen in water is the main cause of the massive death of aquatic plants and aquatic animals.
  • the dissolved oxygen content in water is affected by two effects: one is “oxygen consumption” and the other is “reoxygenation”. If there are many water pollutants, the decomposition and oxidation of pollutants It consumes a lot of dissolved oxygen, and the "oxygen consumption” exceeds the “reoxygenation effect”, and the water quality will deteriorate; when natural and artificial methods are used, the oxygen in the air is dissolved in the water more, and the light of the aquatic plants is added. The effect is to promote the "reoxygenation" of the water body to exceed the "oxygen consumption”, and the water quality will become clear.
  • the self-purification process of lake waters is actually a process that consumes a large amount of dissolved oxygen.
  • artificial replenishment of dissolved oxygen to the lake especially in the bottom layer of anoxic or anaerobic
  • artificial reoxygenation is carried out, and the "reoxygenation effect" of the lake is always maintained.
  • the role of oxygen consumption will eventually restore the lake water ecosystem, and the occurrence and development of lake eutrophication can be effectively controlled.
  • the flow rate and flow rate of the lake are directly related to the diffusion range and speed of the pollutant.
  • the flow rate and flow rate of the lake increase, the dilution and diffusion of the pollutants will be accelerated, and the contact interface between the flowing water and the air will be increased, and more oxygen will be dissolved in the lake water.
  • the self-purification ability of the lake water can also be improved.
  • the lake is a relatively static body of water, which requires engineering measures to allow the calm lake to flow relatively.
  • the lake area and the basin are complex and diverse; the pollution levels and types of pollution sources of different lakes and different lakes are also different.
  • the formation of eutrophic water bodies in addition to lakes, rivers and seas; in urban and rural areas, there are more small artificial lakes that have formed eutrophication, reservoirs, reservoirs; parks, campuses Various water surfaces.
  • the new invention can carry out lakes in the case of complex and variable lake basin morphology and pollution degree.
  • the invention is achieved by the following innovative technologies:
  • the invention fully utilizes the characteristics of the nanobubbles, and respectively provides a pressurized nano-bubble "reoxygenation device” with the help of "supercharger” and “conical mouth” on the ship's ship's side, the groundwater layer of the water body, the waterfront of the lake, and the port harbor.
  • the “reoxygenation effect” of the lake is greatly improved by the “reoxygenation effect” of the lake as a whole, so as to greatly improve the self-purification ability of the lake, and finally the eutrophication of the whole water body of the lake is fundamentally controlled.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a solution to the above problems, which can comprehensively manage various types of water bodies such as lakes on "points and faces". Relative to the static lake water body, the contact interface between the water body and the air is increased by the navigation of the ship, and the dissolved oxygen is replenished to the water layers of the lake through the nano bubble generator, and artificial reoxygenation is carried out to gradually make the "reoxygenation effect" of the lake larger than The “oxygen consumption effect” can improve the overall self-purification capacity of the lake, and finally the lake water ecosystem can be restored and the eutrophication can be controlled.
  • An eutrophication control system for improving the overall reoxygenation capacity of a water area including a ship including a ship's side, a deck, a cockpit and a ship's cabin;
  • a nano-bubble exhaust pipe is horizontally disposed on two sides of the ship side, and a plurality of oblique air outlet pipes are disposed on the lower surface of the nano-bubble exhaust pipe, the nano-bubble exhaust pipe is close to the water line of the hull, and the oblique gas pipe is located below the water line.
  • the end of the nanobubble exhaust pipe near the stern is connected with a side water inlet hose, and the tail of the ship is provided with a plurality of tail water inlet hoses having different lengths; the oblique outlet pipe, the side water inlet hose and the tail water inlet
  • the tail of the hose is provided with a tapered opening;
  • a first nanobubble generator set and a second nanobubble generator set are disposed behind the deck, the first nanobubble generator set is connected to the nanobubble exhaust pipe and the side water inlet hose, the nanobubble exhaust pipe and the side water inlet soft
  • a supercharger is arranged in the tube near the first nanobubble generator group, a second nanobubble generator group is connected to the tail water inlet hose, and a supercharger is also arranged in the tail water inlet hose near the second nanobubble generator group.
  • the controller of the supercharger is located in the cockpit;
  • the first nanobubble generator set, the second nanobubble generator set and the supercharger are all powered by wind and solar power, and wind turbines and solar panels for wind and solar hybrid power supply are respectively arranged on the deck and the cabin;
  • a wireless onboard dissolved oxygen sensor is provided at the bow and stern of the ship's waterline, and a shipboard host computer that acquires data on the ship's dissolved oxygen sensor is provided in the cockpit.
  • the dissolved oxygen shortage warning light connected to the shipboard upper computer is arranged near the stern of the deck, and the dissolved oxygen shortage warning light is controlled by the shipboard upper computer to be turned on and off.
  • a bank-side nanobubble generator set is disposed on both sides of the water, and the bank-side nanobubble generator group is connected with a nano-bubble exhaust pipe, and the edge of the bank of the nano-bubble exhaust pipe is horizontally disposed at the side
  • the bank there are several vertical air outlet pipes, and the upper and the bottom of the vertical air outlet pipe are respectively provided with horizontal branch pipes, the branch pipes just extend out from the side shores, and one of the two branch pipes is located outside the side shore, along the side bank
  • the connecting pipe is provided with a plurality of venting holes on the connecting pipe, and the branch pipe extends out of the side of the bank to have a shore dissolved oxygen sensor, and the nanobubble exhaust pipe is provided with a supercharger, and the supercharger adopts wind and solar complementary Power supply or national grid power supply.
  • the water is a river, a lake or a port.
  • the bank-side nanobubble generator set is further connected with a nanobubble exhaust pipe located at the entrance of the groundwater in the water, and the nanobubble exhaust pipe is also provided with a supercharger and wireless shore dissolved oxygen.
  • the sensor also has a shore host computer that acquires data on the shore dissolved oxygen sensor.
  • the tail water inlet hoses are five, the shortest in the middle, and the longest on both sides, and are not in contact with the propeller of the ship.
  • the nanobubble exhaust pipe and the oblique outlet pipe are integrally formed, and the inclined angle of the oblique outlet pipe is 45 degrees.
  • the data of the shipboard dissolved oxygen sensor and the shore dissolved oxygen sensor are provided with GPS, and further comprise a national water pollution intelligent monitor, which is connected with the shipboard upper computer and the shore upper computer to obtain the shipborne dissolved oxygen sensor. And shore dissolved oxygen sensor data and GPS information.
  • a reoxygenation chamber is arranged behind the deck, and the first nanobubble generator set and the second nanobubble generator set are disposed in the reoxygenation chamber.
  • the invention has the advantages that: the first nanobubble generator set and the second nanobubble generator set are arranged on the ship for generating nano bubbles, and the nano bubbles pass through the nanobubble exhaust pipe and the side water
  • the hose and the tail water inlet hose enter the water body of the lake.
  • the nano-bubble is continuously released in the water body, which expands the exchange area of the gas-liquid interface; at the same time, under the wave generated by the ship sailing, The interface between the nanobubbles and water is further expanded, and a better dissolved oxygen effect is produced. Since the nanobubbles are very small, there are 100 million nanobubbles in a cubic centimeter volume.
  • the bubble rises very slowly in water and can stay and diffuse in the water for a long time, so it has a strong ability to dissolve oxygen; the surface energy and internal energy of the bubbles are also enhanced, for example 0.1
  • the large bubbles of cm are dispersed into 100 nm microbubbles, the surface area is increased by 10,000 times, and the surface energy of the bubbles is also enhanced from 0.1 card to 5-10 calories.
  • the enhancement of surface energy and energy in the bubble can enhance the oxidation reaction on the surface of the bubble and increase the utilization of oxygen; at the same time, the nanobubble also has a negative potential, which in turn makes it have a bactericidal function.
  • the "comparative cost" of the nanobubble generating device is also low, so the selection of nanobubbles is the biggest guarantee for the "continuous reoxygenation" of the lake.
  • the supercharger enhances the exhaust pressure of the nanobubbles and also enhances the force that pushes the boat forward.
  • the controller of the supercharger is placed in the cockpit and controlled by the cockpit.
  • the tail pipe of the oblique outlet pipe, the side water inlet hose and the tail water inlet hose are tapered
  • the mouth makes the water pressure of the nanobubbles strengthen again.
  • the pressurized nanobubbles can be mixed with the lake water at a distance and a larger area from the ship.
  • the oblique outlet pipe is arranged obliquely to the stern, and it can also provide power for the advancement of the ship while discharging the nanobubbles.
  • tail water inlet hoses with different lengths at the tail of the ship.
  • the cone When the ship stops, the cone with a certain weight sinks into the lake due to gravity. Three cones of different lengths discharge pressurized nanometers at different water depths. Bubbles can carry out three-dimensional aeration of the upper, middle and lower layers of the water body; at the same time, the pressurized nanobubbles discharged from the conical outlet are more easily used to strengthen the oxygenation of the water-deficient or anaerobic water at the bottom of the lake under the action of pressure. It further enhances the reoxygenation effect of the whole waters.
  • the water body When the ship is in the process of reoxygenation, the water body will be constantly stirred, which will promote the movement of the waters. At the same time, it also increases the interface between the nanobubbles and the water, and actually enhances the ability to dissolve oxygen.
  • shore nanobubble generator sets and multi-channel nanobubble exhaust pipes on both sides of the waters which can add nano-bubbles to the water bodies on the shore and cooperate with the ship to improve the overall oxygen enrichment capacity of the waters.
  • the side of the coastal side of the nanobubble exhaust pipe is horizontally disposed in the side bank, and several vertical air outlet pipes are arranged thereon, and the upper and the bottom of the vertical air outlet pipe are respectively provided
  • the horizontal branch pipe, the branch pipe just protrudes from the side bank, and a connecting pipe is arranged between the two branch pipes and located along the side bank, the connecting pipe is provided with several exhaust holes, and the other road is located at the water ground inlet of the water.
  • the nano-bubble exhaust pipe located at the entrance of the groundwater in the water can pressurize and oxygenate the underground seepage joint on the shore, and use it as a pollutant to reduce the groundwater in the lakeshore into the lake.
  • the first line of defense of the water, followed by the horizontal side of the other side of the nanobubble exhaust pipe, can be used to oxygenate the water body along the coast.
  • the branch pipe is located at the upper and bottom of the vertical pipe, and can be used for the upper and lower layers of the water.
  • the oxygenation is carried out, and the connecting pipe is provided, and the connecting pipe is provided with a venting hole, which can oxygenate the water between the two branch pipes to achieve the effect of three-dimensional oxygenation, so that more oxygen is dissolved in the water.
  • the invention can be installed not only on both sides of the waters, but also on all the coastlines of rivers and lakes, including polluted waters that cannot be navigable, and is a fundamental guarantee facility for long-term prevention of shoreline pollution. It has great practical value and environmental value.
  • the ship's side of the present invention refers to a portion where the side code is printed on both sides of the hull.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the reoxygenation setting of the ship of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view of A of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a right side view of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the camouflage civil construction of Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the reoxygenation arrangement on both sides of the lake in Figure 1;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of the "fixed point reoxygenation" setting of the ship entering the port;
  • Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the reoxygenation arrangement along the shoreline of the port.
  • Embodiment 1 Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, an eutrophication control system for improving the overall re-oxygenation capacity of a water body, including a ship, the ship including a ship's side 6 and a deck 5
  • the cockpit 3 and the cabin 26 further include a bottom 12, and the cockpit 3 and the top of the cabin 26 are provided with a main hatch 25 of the ship;
  • a nano-bubble exhaust pipe 9 is disposed horizontally on both sides of the side of the ship, and the nano-bubble exhaust pipe
  • the lower surface of the 9 is provided with a plurality of oblique air outlet pipes 10, the nano air bubble exhaust pipe 9 is close to the water line of the hull, and the oblique air outlet pipe 10 is located below the waterline, integrally formed with the nano bubble exhaust pipe 9, and inclined to the stern by 45 degrees.
  • a side of the nanobubble exhaust pipe 9 near the stern is connected with a side water inlet hose 17, and a plurality of tail water inlet hoses 29 having different lengths are provided at the tail end of the ship side, the inclined air outlet pipe 10, the side water inlet hose 17 and The tail of the tail water inlet hose 29 is provided with a tapered opening 11; the tail is soft into the water
  • the tubes 29 are five, the shortest in the middle, the longest on both sides, and are not in contact with the propeller of the ship; the regenerative chamber 21 is arranged behind the deck 5, and the first nanobubble generator set 23 and the first The two nanobubble generator set 28, the first nanobubble generator set 23 and the second nanobubble generator set 28 are fixed in the reoxygen chamber 21 by the shipboard base 22, and the first nanobubble generator set 23 is connected to the nanobubbles
  • the exhaust pipe 9 and the side water inlet hose 17, the nanobubble exhaust pipe 9 and the side water inlet hose 17 are provided with a supercharge
  • the tail water inlet hose 29, the tail water inlet hose 29 is also provided with a supercharger 13 near the second nanobubble generator group 28; and the controller of the supercharger 13 is located in the cockpit 3 for easy operation, the first nanometer
  • the control switches of the bubble generator group 23 and the second nanobubble generator group 28 may also be disposed in the cockpit 3, and the first and second nanobubble generator sets 28 and the control switches are connected by connecting wires.
  • the setting method is that a fixing bracket 15 is arranged at the tail of the ship's side, and a fixed strut 16 is arranged on the bracket.
  • the end of the first nanobubble generator group 23 is provided with a nano air pipe 14 supported by the fixed strut 16 and the nano bubble.
  • the exhaust pipe 9 is connected to the side water inlet hose 17; the reoxygenation chamber 21 is provided with a reoxygenation chamber working lamp 20, which is fixed on the reoxygenation chamber 21 through the support rod 19 for displaying the inside of the reoxygenation chamber 21, first
  • the working state of the nanobubble generator group 23 and the second nanobubble generator group 28 is provided with a communication antenna 27 at the top of the cockpit 3, which is mainly convenient for the shipboard host computer 4 to transmit data information.
  • the first nanobubble generator set 23, the second nanobubble generator set 28 and the supercharger 13 are all powered by wind and solar power, and the wind power generator 2 for wind and solar power supply is provided on the deck 5 and the side of the cabin 26 respectively.
  • the solar panel 30; the ship is further provided with a power control cabinet 24, which is connected with the wind generator 2 and the solar panel 30 to obtain both
  • the electric energy is also connected to other power supply equipment to provide electric energy;
  • a shipboard dissolved oxygen sensor 8 is provided at the bow and the stern of the ship's side 6 water line, and the cockpit 3 is provided with the data of the ship's dissolved oxygen sensor 8 Shipboard computer 4.
  • the onboard computer 4 can acquire real-time data of the onboard dissolved oxygen sensor 8 and store it by corresponding software.
  • a dissolved oxygen shortage warning light 18 connected to the shipboard upper computer 4 is disposed near the stern of the deck 5, and the dissolved oxygen shortage warning light 18 is controlled by the shipboard upper computer 4 to be turned off.
  • the dissolved oxygen sensor 8 has its own GPS; in a specific implementation, a threshold value may be set for the data of the onboard dissolved oxygen sensor 8, and when the upper computer finds that the dissolved oxygen data detected by the onboard dissolved oxygen sensor 8 reaches or exceeds the threshold, the solution is dissolved.
  • the oxygen deficiency warning light 18 is on, which serves as a warning.
  • the water area is a lake
  • the camouflage civil construction 38 is provided on both sides of the water
  • the shore nano bubble generator group 37 is disposed in the camouflage civil construction 38, so that the bank nano bubble generator group 37 can be hidden, and the water area is not affected.
  • the overall appearance of the side is such that the swim track 43 can be arranged on both sides of the water; the camouflage civil construction 38 should have a good waterproof function to avoid equipment damage caused by moisture or water leakage on the shore of the lake, the shore nanobubble generator set 37
  • a plurality of nanobubble exhaust pipes 9 are connected, and the side edges 31 of the coastal side of the nanobubble exhaust pipe 9 are horizontally disposed, and are located in the side wall 31, and are provided with a plurality of vertical air outlet pipes 33, and upper portions of the vertical air outlet pipes 33
  • the bottom portion is respectively provided with a horizontal branch pipe 32, the branch pipe 32 just protrudes from the side bank 31, and the two branch pipes 32 are disposed outside the side wall 31, and are disposed along the side surface 31
  • the connecting pipe 41 is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes 40.
  • the branch pipe 32 is provided with a bank dissolved oxygen sensor 39 at a position extending from the side wall 31, and a supercharger 13 is disposed in the nanobubble exhaust pipe 9.
  • the supercharger 13 is powered by wind-solar complementary power supply or national power grid; if wind-solar complementary power supply is used, it is necessary to install wind power generator 2, solar panel 30, battery and other corresponding equipment on both sides, and the simplest is to directly set on the street light pole.
  • 36, the top mounted wind power generator 2, the upper middle mounted solar panel 30, the battery and the like are hidden in the bottom position in the street light rod 36, and the bottom side of the battery and the shore nano bubble generator group 37 is provided with a shore base 34, if The national grid is powered and needs to be connected to the national grid interface 35.
  • the nanobubble exhaust pipe 9 is also provided with a groundwater inlet 42 for allowing groundwater to flow from the groundwater inlet 42 and out of the venting port 40 and the branch pipe 32.
  • the shore nanobubble generator set 37 is also connected to a nanobubble exhaust pipe 9 located at the water groundwater inlet 42 of the water, and the nanobubble exhaust pipe 9 is also provided with a supercharger 13 and a wireless bank.
  • the dissolved oxygen sensor 39 is also provided with a shore host computer 44 for acquiring data of the shore dissolved oxygen sensor 39, which also has its own GPS. The data and GPS information of the shore dissolved oxygen sensor 39 can be collected and stored by the shore host computer 44.
  • a national water pollution intelligent monitor 1 is further disposed, which is connected with the shipboard upper computer 4 and the shore upper computer 44 for data interaction, and acquires data of the onboard dissolved oxygen sensor 8 and the shore dissolved oxygen sensor 39.
  • GPS information is managed by the National Water Pollution Intelligent Monitor 1 for all information and GPS information.
  • the method of use of the invention is that the ship navigates in the lake, and the first nanobubble generator group 23 and the second nanobubble generator group 28 emit nanobubble work through the oblique trachea 10.
  • the side water inlet hose 17 and the tail water inlet hose 29 are discharged into the lake, and the onboard dissolved oxygen sensor 8 located at the bow and the stern collects dissolved oxygen data before and after the ship, and is sent together with the GPS information.
  • the shipboard upper computer 4 is automatically collected and stored by the shipboard upper computer 4, which is convenient for reading by the national water pollution intelligent monitor 1.
  • the shore nanobubble generator group 37 works, discharges the nanobubbles, is collected by the shore dissolved oxygen sensor 39, and is collected and stored by the shore host computer 44, which is convenient for the national water pollution intelligent monitor 1 take.
  • a device capable of emitting nano-bubbles is arranged on the ship, so that various types of ships can be transformed from the "culprit" of lake pollution to the most important and the most extensive range of activities for controlling eutrophication of lakes, and can be ubiquitously moved. Reoxygenation can be hand.”
  • the supercharger 13 on the ship is powered by wind and solar power, without additional waste of electric energy.
  • the shore nanobubble generator group 37 and the supercharger 13 on both sides of the lake can be connected to the national grid for power supply, or can be supplemented by wind and solar power. Very perfect, no need to repeat, the excess electricity generated is merged into the national grid, reducing costs.
  • the ship and the shore are equipped with wireless dissolved oxygen sensors.
  • the ship and the stern of the ship are used to monitor the dissolved oxygen content in the water before reoxygenation and reoxygenation of the ship, which is convenient for evaluating the eutrophication capacity of the ship. If all the hulls in the lake are set as above, the recuperation capacity brought by a large number of ships in the lake is immeasurable.
  • the system combines the whole water on both sides of the ship and the lake to purify the water body.
  • the nano-bubble exhaust pipe 9 on both sides of the ship is provided with a diagonally inclined air outlet pipe 10, while releasing the nano-bubbles, Power is provided for the forward movement of the ship, and the length of the tail water inlet hose 29 at the end of the ship's side is different.
  • the conical port 11 sinks into the lake water by gravity, and the three different lengths of the conical port 11 discharge pressurized nano-bubbles at different water depths, and can perform three-dimensional aeration of the upper, middle and lower layers of the lake water body;
  • the pressurized nanobubbles discharged from the outlet are more easily used to strengthen the reoxygenation of the water-deficient or oxygen-free water at the bottom of the lake under the action of pressure, further enhancing the reoxygenation effect of the lake as a whole.
  • the water body When the ship is in the process of reoxygenation, the water body will be constantly stirred, which will cause the lake to have a certain dynamic. At the same time, it also increases the interface between the nano-bubble and the water, and actually enhances the ability to dissolve oxygen.
  • this device In addition to the installation of this device in ordinary ships, it is also used for small “professional eutrophication control vessels” with “high navigation capacity”. On the one hand, professional ships can carry out professional prevention and control in key areas and important time periods under the overall deployment of “National Waters Eutrophication Prevention and Control Headquarters”; on the other hand, they can enter the waters where ordinary ships cannot or cannot go.
  • the nanobubble exhaust pipe 9 located at the groundwater inlet 42 of the water can pressurize and oxygenate the underground seepage joint of the bank as the first line of defense to reduce pollutants in the groundwater of the lake into the lake.
  • the other side of the nanobubble exhaust pipe 9 is disposed horizontally on the side of the bank 31, which can oxygenate the water body along the coast.
  • the branch pipe 32 is located at the upper part and the bottom of the vertical pipe, and can be used for oxygenating the upper and lower layers of the water.
  • a connecting pipe 41 is provided, and the connecting pipe 41 is provided with a venting hole 40, so that the middle layer water between the two branch pipes 32 can be oxygenated to achieve the effect of three-dimensional oxygenation, so that more oxygen is dissolved in the water.
  • the invention can be installed not only on both sides of the waters, but also on all the coastlines of rivers and lakes, including polluted waters that cannot be navigable, and is a fundamental guarantee facility for long-term prevention of shoreline pollution. It has great practical value and environmental value.
  • Embodiment 2 Referring to Figures 7 and 8, the arrangement of the ship is the same as that of Embodiment 1, the water area and the port. The setting of the port is the same in the lake.
  • the bank side bank 31 is provided with a bank nano bubble generator group 37, and the bank side nanobubble generator group 37 is connected with a nano bubble exhaust pipe 9 which is horizontally along the bank 31 side of the port.
  • the arrangement is located in the side wall 31, and is provided with a plurality of vertical air outlet pipes 33.
  • the upper and bottom portions of the vertical air outlet pipe 33 are respectively provided with horizontal branch pipes 32, and the branch pipes 32 just protrude from the side shores 31, and the two branch pipes 32
  • the branch pipe 32 is provided with a bank dissolved oxygen sensor 39 at a position extending from the side wall 31.
  • a supercharger 13 is disposed in the nanobubble exhaust pipe 9, and the supercharger 13 is powered by wind power or a national grid.
  • the supercharger 13 on the ship is powered by wind and light complementary, and the shore nanobubble generator set 37 and the supercharger 13 on both sides of the port can be connected to the national grid for power supply, or can be supplemented by wind and solar power. If wind-solar complementary power supply is used, it is necessary to install wind turbine 2, solar panel 30 and other corresponding equipment on both sides. The simplest one is to directly set on the street light pole 36, the top wind power generator 2, and the upper middle solar battery. The board 30, the power control cabinet is hidden in the bottom position within the street light pole 36.
  • the dissolved oxygen sensor has a GPS positioning function, which is of great significance.
  • the shore dissolved oxygen sensor 39 may be disposed one upstream and downstream, or may be uniformly disposed to acquire data.

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Abstract

一种提高水域整体复氧能力的全域富营养化治理***，包括纳米气泡发生器组(23,28)、输气管、增压器(13)、锥形口(11)、"风光互补"电源、"溶解氧传感器"(8)与相应的"警示监控设备"组成，能对水体上中下三层起作用。通过此装置在各类船舶的船尾及左右吃水线以下、各类水域的岸边地下水层、滨水岸线及港口港湾的大量设置；并通过船舶航行时对水流的"搅动扩散"来增加水体与空气的接触界面，使有"超强溶解氧气能力的纳米气泡"布满整个水域，实现"全水域整体复氧功能"及"水体自净能力"的持续、全面提高，最终使各类水域的富营养化得到根本治理。

Description

一种提高水域整体复氧能力的富营养化治理*** 技术领域
本发明涉及一种生态治理***，尤其涉及一种提高水域整体复氧能力的富营养化治理***。
背景技术
在各类水域中，湖泊富营养化的成因与污染物来源最为复杂。既有城镇与工业生活、生产带来的“城镇与工业点源污染”、农药与化肥的广泛使用及养殖带来的有巨大面积的“农业面源污染”；也有在更大范围内的灾害性雾霾天气中，有毒有害物质在湖泊与水源地沉降入湖后的“雾霾沉降污染”,还有与湖泊流域汇水面范围内的降水所携带的污染物以及被污染的地下水入湖带来的“湖泊补水源污染”；以及湖泊内部已经形成的具有无限循环再生能力的“湖泊内源性污染”；此外，主要通过船舶进港排放的“压舱水”带来的外来“生物入侵”更是加重了内源性污染的程度；同时，经过“处理达标”后被排入湖泊的水源，包括达到一级A与一级B标准的水源，对湖泊来讲，仍属于有污染性质的“低污染水”。当前，这种排放量巨大的“低污染水，”实际已经成了一种“新的污染来源”，甚至成为“治理瓶颈”。这些都是需要在湖泊富营养化治理过程中需要不断探索和解决的重大课题。
湖区的大量船舶带来的污水、油脂与各类固体废弃物以及船舶在港口、港湾造成的污染，使“船船污染”已成为湖泊富营养化发展的又一重大来源；湖岸和港口是受人类活动的影响最多最大的区域，同时又是“陆生生态***”与“湖泊生态***”重要的生态连接与交错的地带，自然环境复杂，生态平衡脆弱；在风浪的推动下，向风方向的湖岸和港口区域更是污染物与藻类的聚集之地。
湖泊污染来源面广、量大，并且具有很多不确定性。特别是受大气环流的影响，使得对湖泊富营养化的预测与监控必须要依靠实地监测、遥感监测、全流域监测、全国甚至于跨国界监控的综合作用才能实现。也只有随时根据监测出“动态信息‘针对湖泊富营养化发生与发展的主导因素，采取相应的，持久的、低成本的有效措施，才能遏制湖泊富营养化的发生。
大量事实证明，湖泊藻类经常是在适合的季节与气温下的“突然暴发”，但从实质上看，仍然是一个从量变到质变的过程。藻类暴发的根本原因是湖泊污染物的数量超过了湖泊的自净容量。
当前对湖泊富营养化治理的各种方法，最终都只有通过提高湖泊水体自身的自净能力，恢复湖泊的生态平衡，才能达到治理的目的。
湖泊水体在自净的过程中都要不断消耗溶解氧。水生植物大面积退化是湖泊富营养化的一项主要特征，水体缺氧又是水生植物与水生动物大量死亡的主要原因。
水中溶解氧含量受到两种作用的影响：一种是“耗氧作用”；另一种是“复氧作用”。如果水污染物含量多，污染物的分解与氧化消 耗了大量溶解氧，“耗氧作用”超过“复氧作用”，水质就会恶化；当通过自然与人为的方法，使空气中的氧气更大量的溶解于水体，加上水生植物的光和作用，促使水体的“复氧作用”超过“耗氧作用”，水质就会变的清澈。
湖泊水体的自净过程，实际就是大量消耗溶解氧的过程。为此，只要持久、全面、大量、低成本地通过人工方式向湖泊补充溶解氧(特别是在缺氧或无氧的底层)，实行人工复氧，始终保持湖泊的“复氧作用”大于“耗氧作用”，最终使湖泊水生态***得以恢复，湖泊富营养化的发生与发展才能真正得到有效控制。
此外，湖泊的流速、流量还直接关系到污染物的扩散范围与速度。当湖泊的流速和流量增大，就会加快污染物稀释扩散，并使流动水体与空气的接触界面增加，也就会有更多的氧气溶解于湖水之中。湖水的自净能力也更能得以提高。但湖泊是相对静止的水体，这就需要采取工程措施，才能让平静的湖水相对流动起来。
国家专利“一种保留网箱养殖的湖泊富营养化治理***”(专利号：ZL2014201151396)，根据湖泊底层水溶解氧缺乏和湖泊水面相对静止这两个主导因素，创造性提出了相应的解决办法。为治理湖泊富营养化的提供了一个在“点位”上有效治理的技术途径。
由于湖泊污染源面广、量大；湖区与流域形态复杂多样；不同湖泊、同一湖泊的不同区域的污染程度、污染源的种类也各不相同。同时，形成富营养化的水体，除了湖泊外还有江河、海域；在城乡，还有更多的已形成富营养化的小型人工湖泊，水库、水塘；公园、校园 等的各种水面。为此，还需要发明“一种提高湖泊整体复氧能力的全域湖泊富营养化治理智能***”与其配合，新的发明既能在湖泊流域形态和污染程度的复杂多变的情况下，进行湖泊“点与面”的统筹治理。还能灵活将其方法用于各类大大小小的不同水域水体的持续治理。
本发明通过以下创新技术来达到：
本发明充分运用纳米气泡的特性，分别在船舶的船舷、水体的地下水层、滨湖水面、港口港湾，设置有用“增压器”与“锥形口”助力的增压纳米气泡“复氧装置”和“溶解氧传感器”；并用“风光互补”电源作为动力；用动(船)静(岸与港)相结合、智能信息传递与实地“复氧”相结合的方法。用大量、持续、高效的纳米气泡来提高湖泊整体的“复氧量”。用湖泊整体大幅度提高的“复氧作用”来超越湖泊整体的“耗氧作用”，以此来极大的提高湖泊的自净能力，最终使湖泊全域水体的富营养化得到根本治理。
发明内容
本发明的目的就在于提供一种解决上述问题，能对湖泊等各类水体在“点与面”上进行统筹治理。对相对于静止的湖泊水体，通过船的航行增加水体与空气的接触界面，并通过纳米气泡发生器向湖泊各水层补充溶解氧，实行人工复氧，逐步使湖泊的“复氧作用”大于“耗氧作用”，达到提高湖泊整体自净能力，最终使湖泊水生态***得以恢复，富营养化得到治理。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是这样的：
一种提高水域整体复氧能力的富营养化治理***，包括船舶，所述船舶包括船舷、甲板、驾驶舱和船舱；
所述船舷两侧分别水平设置一纳米气泡排气管，纳米气泡排气管下表面设有数个斜出气管，所述纳米气泡排气管靠近船体的吃水线，斜出气管位于吃水线以下，且向船尾倾斜设置，纳米气泡排气管靠近船尾的一端连接有侧面入水软管，所述船舷尾部设有数根长度不同的尾部入水软管；所述斜出气管、侧面入水软管和尾部入水软管的尾部设有锥形口；
所述甲板后方设有第一纳米气泡发生器组和第二纳米气泡发生器组，第一纳米气泡发生器组连通纳米气泡排气管和侧面入水软管，纳米气泡排气管和侧面入水软管内靠近第一纳米气泡发生器组处设有增压器，第二纳米气泡发生器组连通尾部入水软管，尾部入水软管内靠近第二纳米气泡发生器组处也设有增压器，且增压器的控制器位于驾驶舱内；
所述第一纳米气泡发生器组、第二纳米气泡发生器组和增压器均采用风光互补供电，甲板上和船舱上分别设有用于风光互补供电的风力发电机和太阳能电池板；
船舷吃水线下的船头和船尾处分别设有无线的船载溶解氧传感器，驾驶舱内设有获取船载溶解氧传感器数据的船载上位机。
作为优选：甲板靠近船尾处设有与船载上位机相连的溶解氧不足警示灯，所述溶解氧不足警示灯由船载上位机控制其亮灭。
作为优选：水域两岸设有岸边纳米气泡发生器组，所述岸边纳米气泡发生器组连接有一路纳米气泡排气管，所述纳米气泡排气管沿岸边的边岸水平设置，位于边岸内，其上设有数个竖直出气管，竖直出气管上部和底部分别设有水平的分支管，分支管刚好伸出边岸，两分支管间设有一位于边岸外，沿边岸面设置的连接管，连接管上设有数个排气孔，分支管伸出边岸的位置设有岸边溶解氧传感器，纳米气泡排气管内设有增压器，所述增压器采用风光互补供电或国家电网供电。
作为优选：所述水域为河流、湖泊或港口。
作为优选：所述岸边纳米气泡发生器组还连接有一路位于水域地下水入口处的纳米气泡排气管，且所述纳米气泡排气管上也设有增压器和无线的岸边溶解氧传感器，岸边还设有获取岸边溶解氧传感器的数据的岸边上位机。
作为优选：水域两岸设有伪装土建，岸边纳米气泡发生器组位于伪装土建内。
作为优选：所述尾部入水软管为五条，中间最短，两边最长，且均不与船舶的螺旋桨接触。
作为优选：所述纳米气泡排气管和斜出气管一体成型，斜出气管的倾斜角度为45度。
作为优选：所述船载溶解氧传感器和岸边溶解氧传感器的数据自带GPS，还包括一国家水域污染智能监测器，与船载上位机和岸边上位机相连，获取船载溶解氧传感器和岸边溶解氧传感器的数据和GPS 信息。
作为优选：所述甲板后方设有复氧舱，第一纳米气泡发生器组和第二纳米气泡发生器组设置在复氧舱。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：船舶上设有第一纳米气泡发生器组和第二纳米气泡发生器组，用来产生纳米气泡，纳米气泡通过纳米气泡排气管、侧面入水软管和尾部入水软管进入湖泊的水体，在船舶移动过程中，源源不断的在水体内释放纳米气泡，扩大了气液界面的交换面积；同时，在船航行时产生的波浪推动下，又进一步扩大了纳米气泡与水接触界面，产生了更好的溶氧效果。由于纳米气泡非常小，一个立方厘米的体积中就有纳米气泡一亿个。由于纳米气泡比表面积又非常大，气泡在水中的上升速度非常慢，能长时间在水中停留与扩散，因此具有超强的溶解氧的能力；气泡的表面能和内能也得以增强，例如0.1cm的大气泡分散成100nm微气泡，表面积增大10000倍，气泡的表面能也从0.1卡增强到5-10卡。表面能及气泡内能量的增强可以加强气泡表面的氧化反应，提高氧的利用率；同时纳米气泡还带负电位，这又使其具有杀菌功能。纳米气泡发生装置的“比较成本”也较低，由此选用纳米汽泡是湖泊“持续复氧”的最大保障。
增压器，用以增强纳米气泡的排气压力，同时也增强了将船向前推行的力量，为此增压器的控制器设置在驾驶舱内，通过驾驶舱来进行控制。
所述斜出气管、侧面入水软管和尾部入水软管的尾部设有锥形 口，使纳米气泡的出水压力再次增强，除进一步强化了船周污染物的治理外，还使增压的纳米气泡能在离船较远的距离和更大面积范围内与湖水混合。斜出气管斜向船尾设置，在排出纳米气泡的同时，还可以为船舶的前进提供动力。
船舷尾部设有数根长度不同的尾部入水软管，当船舶停驶时，有一定重量的锥形口因重力沉入湖水，三个不同长度的锥形口在不同的水深处排出加压的纳米气泡，可以对水域水体进行上中下三层的立体曝气；同时，锥形出口排出的加压纳米气泡，在压力的作用下，更易用对湖底缺氧或无氧的水体进行强化复氧，进一步增强了水域整体的复氧效果。
船舶在复氧过程中行驶会对水体进行经常性的搅动，促使水域产生了一定的动感，同时，也增加了纳米气泡与水的接确界面，实际增强了溶解氧的能力。另外，在水域两岸设有岸边纳米气泡发生器组和多路纳米气泡排气管，能够对岸边的水体增加纳米气泡，和船舶配合，达到提升水域整体富氧能力的作用。
水域两岸设置的纳米气泡排气管中，一路纳米气泡排气管沿岸边的边岸水平设置，位于边岸内，其上设有数个竖直出气管，竖直出气管上部和底部分别设有水平的分支管，分支管刚好伸出边岸，两分支管间设有一位于边岸外、沿边岸面设置的连接管，连接管上设有数个排气孔，另一路位于水域地下水入口处。
首先，位于水域地下水入口处的纳米气泡排气管能够对岸边的地下渗水缝进行加压充氧，将其作为减少湖岸地下水中的污染物进入湖 水的第一道防线，其次另一路纳米气泡排气管沿岸边的边岸水平设置，可以对沿岸的水体进行充氧，分支管位于竖直管的上部和底部，可以对水域的上层、底层进行充氧，加上设有连接管，连接管上设有排气孔，可以对两分支管之间的水域进行充氧，达到立体充氧的效果，使更多的氧气溶解于水中。
当然本发明不仅可以设置在水域两岸，同时也可以用于所有的江河湖海岸线、包括不能通航的污染水域，是能长久持续防止岸线污染的根本保障设施。具有极大的实用价值与环境价值。
另，本发明所述船舷，是指船体两侧印刷舷号的部位。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的结构示意图；
图2为图1中船舶复氧设置的结构示意图；
图3为图2的A局部放大图；
图4为图2的右视图；
图5为图1中伪装土建的结构示意图；
图6为图1中湖泊两岸复氧设置的结构示意图；
图7为船舶入港“定点复氧”设置的结构示意图；
图8、沿港口岸线排列的复氧设置的结构示意图。
图中：1、国家水域污染智能监测器；2、风力发电机；3、驾驶舱；4、船载上位机；5、甲板；6、船舷；7、水位线；8、船载溶解氧传感器；9、纳米气泡排气管；10、斜出气管；11、锥形口；12、 船底；13、增压器；14、纳米气管；15、固定支架；16、固定撑杆；17、侧面入水软管；18、溶解氧不足警示灯；19、支杆；20、复氧舱工作灯；21、复氧舱；22、船载底座；23、第一纳米气泡发生器组；24、电源控制柜；25、船舶主舱盖；26、船舱；27、通讯天线；28、第二纳米气泡发生器组；29、尾部入水软管；30、太阳能电池板；31、边岸；32、分支管；33、竖直出气管；34、岸边底座；35、电网接口；36、路灯杆；37、岸边纳米气泡发生器组；38、伪装土建；39、岸边溶解氧传感器；40、排气孔；41、连接管；42、地下水入口；43、游道；44、岸边上位机。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1：参见图1、图2、图3、图4、图5和图6，一种提高水域整体复氧能力的富营养化治理***，包括船舶，所述船舶包括船舷6、甲板5、驾驶舱3和船舱26，还包括船底12，驾驶舱3和船舱26顶部设有船舶主舱盖25；所述船舷6两侧分别水平设置一纳米气泡排气管9，纳米气泡排气管9下表面设有数个斜出气管10，所述纳米气泡排气管9靠近船体的吃水线，斜出气管10位于吃水线以下，与纳米气泡排气管9一体成型，且向船尾倾斜45度设置，纳米气泡排气管9靠近船尾的一端连接有侧面入水软管17，所述船舷6尾部设有数根长度不同的尾部入水软管29，所述斜出气管10、侧面入水软管17和尾部入水软管29的尾部设有锥形口11；所述尾部入水软 管29为五条，中间最短，两边最长，且均不与船舶的螺旋桨接触；所述甲板5后方设有复氧舱21、复氧舱21内设有第一纳米气泡发生器组23和第二纳米气泡发生器组28，第一纳米气泡发生器组23和第二纳米气泡发生器组28通过船载底座22固定在在复氧舱21内，第一纳米气泡发生器组23连通纳米气泡排气管9和侧面入水软管17，纳米气泡排气管9和侧面入水软管17内靠近第一纳米气泡发生器组23处设有增压器13，第二纳米气泡发生器组28连通尾部入水软管29，尾部入水软管29内靠近第二纳米气泡发生器组28处也设有增压器13；且增压器13的控制器位于驾驶舱3内，便于操作，第一纳米气泡发生器组23和第二纳米气泡发生器组28的控制开关，也可以设置在驾驶舱3内，第一、第二纳米气泡发生器组28和控制开关间通过连接导线来连接。在这里，设置方式为，船舷6尾部设有固定支架15，支架上设有固定撑杆16，第一纳米气泡发生器组23末端设有纳米气管14，由固定撑杆16支撑，与纳米气泡排气管9和侧面入水软管17连接；复氧舱21上设有复氧舱工作灯20，通过支杆19固定在复氧舱21上，用来显示复氧舱21内的，第一纳米气泡发生器组23和第二纳米气泡发生器组28的工作状态，驾驶舱3顶部设有通讯天线27，主要方便船载上位机4发送数据信息。
所述第一纳米气泡发生器组23、第二纳米气泡发生器组28和增压器13均采用风光互补供电，甲板5上和船舱26侧面分别设有用于风光互补供电的风力发电机2和太阳能电池板30；船舶上还设有电源控制柜24，与风力发电机2和太阳能电池板30相连，获取二者的 电能，也与其他供电设备相连，提供电能；船舷6吃水线下的船头和船尾处分别设有无线的船载溶解氧传感器8，驾驶舱3内设有获取船载溶解氧传感器8数据的船载上位机4。这里，船载上位机4可以获取船载溶解氧传感器8的实时数据，并通过相应软件将其储存。
本实施例中，甲板5靠近船尾处设有与船载上位机4相连的溶解氧不足警示灯18，所述溶解氧不足警示灯18由船载上位机4控制其亮灭，所述船载溶解氧传感器8自带GPS；具体实施中，可对船载溶解氧传感器8的数据设置一个阈值，当上位机发现船载溶解氧传感器8探测到的溶解氧数据达到或超过阈值时，控制溶解氧不足警示灯18亮，起到警示作用。
当然，以上部分仅描述为船舶装载了复氧装置的结构，水域两岸，也应设置，这样效果更好，达到整体提高复氧能力的作用。以下为水域的设置方式。
本实施例中，所述水域为湖泊，水域两岸设有伪装土建38，伪装土建38内设有岸边纳米气泡发生器组37，这样可以隐藏岸边纳米气泡发生器组37，不影响水域两侧的整体美观，以便可以在水域两侧设置游道43；伪装土建38应具有良好的防水功能，避免因在湖泊岸边潮湿环境或漏水导致设备损坏，所述岸边纳米气泡发生器组37连接有一路纳米气泡排气管9，所述纳米气泡排气管9沿岸边的边岸31水平设置，位于边岸31内，其上设有数个竖直出气管33，竖直出气管33上部和底部分别设有水平的分支管32，分支管32刚好伸出边岸31，两分支管32间设有一位于边岸31外，沿边岸31面设置的 连接管41，连接管41上设有数个排气孔40，分支管32伸出边岸31的位置设有岸边溶解氧传感器39，纳米气泡排气管9内设有增压器13，所述增压器13采用风光互补供电或国家电网供电；若采用风光互补供电，则需要在两岸设置风力发电机2、太阳能电池板30、蓄电池等相应设备，最简单的，是直接设置在路灯杆36上，顶部装风力发电机2、中上部装太阳能电池板30，蓄电池等隐藏在路灯杆36内的底部位置，蓄电池和岸边纳米气泡发生器组37底部设有岸边底座34，若采用国家电网供电，需要连接国家的电网接口35。所述纳米气泡排气管9还设有地下水入口42，能让地下水从地下水入口42流入，从排气孔40和分支管32流出。
所述岸边纳米气泡发生器组37还连接有一路位于水域地下水入口42处的纳米气泡排气管9，且所述纳米气泡排气管9上也设有增压器13和无线的岸边溶解氧传感器39，岸边还设有获取岸边溶解氧传感器39的数据的岸边上位机44，所述岸边溶解氧传感器39也自带GPS。岸边溶解氧传感器39的数据和GPS信息能通过岸边上位机44进行收集和存储。
本实施例中，还设置有一国家水域污染智能监测器1，与船载上位机4和岸边上位机44相连进行数据交互，获取船载溶解氧传感器8和岸边溶解氧传感器39的数据和GPS信息，由国家水域污染智能监测器1对所有的信息和GPS信息进行统筹管理。
本发明的使用方法为，船舶在湖泊中航行，第一纳米气泡发生器组23、第二纳米气泡发生器组28发出纳米气泡工作，通过斜出气管 10、侧面入水软管17和尾部入水软管29排入湖泊中，位于船头和船尾的船载溶解氧传感器8分别采集船行前和船行后的溶解氧数据，并和GPS信息一并发送给船载上位机4，通过船载上位机4自动收集和存储，便于国家水域污染智能监测器1读取。当然，岸边同理，岸边纳米气泡发生器组37工作，排出纳米气泡，通过岸边溶解氧传感器39采集，并由岸边上位机44收集和存储，便于国家水域污染智能监测器1读取。
本实施例中，在船舶上设置可发出纳米气泡的装置，让各类船舶从湖泊污染的“元凶”转变成治理湖泊富营养化的最重要、活动范围最广，可无处不在的移动“复氧能手”。
船舶上的增压器13采用风光互补供电，无需额外浪费电能，湖泊两岸的岸边纳米气泡发生器组37和增压器13，可以接入国家电网供电，也可以采用风光互补供电，供电方式非常完善，无需累述，产生的多余的电能并入国家电网，降低成本。
为了更好的体现船舶吃水线的位置，我们在附图中增加了水位线7。
船舶和岸边都设置有无线的溶解氧传感器，船舶上，船头船尾各一，用来监测船舶复氧前和复氧时水体内的溶解氧含量，便于对船舶的富营养化能力进行评估，若湖泊内所有船体均按如上设置，则湖泊内大量的船舶带来的复养能力是不可估量的。
本***结合船舶和湖泊两岸整体对水体进行净化，船舶两侧的纳米气泡排气管9设有斜向后的斜出气管10，在放出纳米气泡的同时， 为船舶的前行提供了动力，船舷6尾部的尾部入水软管29长度不同，
当船舶航行时，受船牵引力和流水浮力的共同作用，三种不同长度的尾部入水软管29的出气口都朝向船尾方向，同时在距船尾三个不同距离向湖水体排气，由此扩大了气液界面的交换面积；同时，在船航行时产生的波浪推动下，又进一步扩大了纳米气泡与水接触界面，产生了更好的溶氧效果；当船舶停驶时，有一定重量的锥形口11因重力沉入湖水，三个不同长度的锥形口11在不同的水深处排出加压的纳米气泡，可以对湖泊水体进行上中下三层的立体曝气；同时，锥形出口排出的加压纳米气泡，在压力的作用下，更易用对湖底缺氧或无氧的水体进行强化复氧，进一步增强了湖泊整体的复氧效果。船舶在复氧过程中行驶会对水体进行经常性的搅动，促使湖泊产生了一定的动感，同时，也增加了纳米气泡与水的接确界面，实际增强了溶解氧的能力。
除普通船舶都安装此装置外，还用于“通航能力强”的小型“专业富营养化治理船”。专业船一方面可在“全国水域富营养化防治指挥部”的统筹调配下，在重点区域、重要时段进行专业防治；另一方面可进入普通船舶不去或去不了的水域进行治理。
水域两岸部分，首先，位于水域地下水入口42处的纳米气泡排气管9能够对岸边的地下渗水缝进行加压充氧，将其作为减少湖岸地下水中的污染物进入湖水的第一道防线，其次另一路纳米气泡排气管9沿岸边的边岸31水平设置，可以对沿岸的水体进行充氧，分支管32位于竖直管的上部和底部，可以对水域的上层、底层进行充氧， 加上设有连接管41，连接管41上设有排气孔40，可以对两分支管32之间的中层水域进行充氧，达到立体充氧的效果，使更多的氧气溶解于水中。
当然本发明不仅可以设置在水域两岸，同时也可以用于所有的江河湖海岸线、包括不能通航的污染水域，是能长久持续防止岸线污染的根本保障设施。具有极大的实用价值与环境价值。
实施例2：参见图7和图8，船舶的设置与实施例1相同，所述水域与港口。港口的设置于湖泊相同。港口边岸31设有岸边纳米气泡发生器组37，所述岸边纳米气泡发生器组37连接有一路纳米气泡排气管9，所述纳米气泡排气管9沿港口的边岸31水平设置，位于边岸31内，其上设有数个竖直出气管33，竖直出气管33上部和底部分别设有水平的分支管32，分支管32刚好伸出边岸31，两分支管32间设有一位于边岸31外，沿边岸31面设置的连接管41，连接管41上设有数个排气孔40，分支管32伸出边岸31的位置设有岸边溶解氧传感器39，纳米气泡排气管9内设有增压器13，所述增压器13采用风光互补供电或国家电网供电。本实施例中，船舶上的增压器13采用风光互补供电，港口两岸的岸边纳米气泡发生器组37和增压器13，可以接入国家电网供电，也可以采用风光互补供电，同理，若采用风光互补供电，则需要在两岸设置风力发电机2、太阳能电池板30等相应设备，最简单的，是直接设置在路灯杆36上，顶部装风力发电机2、中上部装太阳能电池板30，电源控制柜隐藏在路灯杆36内的底部位置。
此供电方式非常完善，无需累述。本发明中，溶解氧传感器兼有GPS定位功能，意义重大。
本实施例中，岸边溶解氧传感器39可设置为上游下游各一，也可以均匀设置，获取数据。
以上对本发明所提供的一种提高水域整体复氧能力的全域富营养化治理***进行了详尽介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的结构与实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的结构及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。对本发明的变更和改进将是可能的，而不会超出附加权利要求可规定的构思和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种提高水域整体复氧能力的富营养化治理***，包括在水域中航行船舶，其特征在于：所述船舶包括船舷、甲板、驾驶舱和船舱；
    所述船舷两侧分别水平设置一纳米气泡排气管，纳米气泡排气管下表面设有数个斜出气管，所述纳米气泡排气管靠近船体的吃水线，斜出气管位于吃水线以下，且向船尾倾斜设置，纳米气泡排气管靠近船尾的一端连接有侧面入水软管，所述船舷尾部设有数根长度不同的尾部入水软管；所述斜出气管、侧面入水软管和尾部入水软管的尾部设有锥形口；
    所述甲板后方设有第一纳米气泡发生器组和第二纳米气泡发生器组，第一纳米气泡发生器组连通纳米气泡排气管和侧面入水软管，纳米气泡排气管和侧面入水软管内靠近第一纳米气泡发生器组处设有增压器，第二纳米气泡发生器组连通尾部入水软管，尾部入水软管内靠近第二纳米气泡发生器组处也设有增压器，且增压器的控制器位于驾驶舱内；
    所述第一纳米气泡发生器组、第二纳米气泡发生器组和增压器均采用风光互补供电，甲板上和船舱上分别设有用于风光互补供电的风力发电机和太阳能电池板；
    船舷吃水线下的船头和船尾处分别设有无线的船载溶解氧传感器，驾驶舱内设有获取船载溶解氧传感器数据的船载上位机。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种提高水域整体复氧能力的富营养化治理***，其特征在于：甲板靠近船尾处设有与船载上位机相连的 溶解氧不足警示灯，所述溶解氧不足警示灯由船载上位机控制其亮灭。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种提高水域整体复氧能力的富营养化治理***，其特征在于：水域两岸设有岸边纳米气泡发生器组，所述岸边纳米气泡发生器组连接有一路纳米气泡排气管，所述纳米气泡排气管沿岸边的边岸水平设置，位于边岸内，其上设有数个竖直出气管，竖直出气管上部和底部分别设有水平的分支管，分支管刚好伸出边岸，两分支管间设有一位于边岸外，沿边岸面设置的连接管，连接管上设有数个排气孔，分支管伸出边岸的位置设有岸边溶解氧传感器，纳米气泡排气管内设有增压器，所述增压器采用风光互补供电或国家电网供电。
  4. 根据权利要求1或权利要求3所述的一种提高水域整体复氧能力的富营养化治理***，其特征在于：所述水域为河流、湖泊或港口。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种提高水域整体复氧能力的富营养化治理***，其特征在于：所述岸边纳米气泡发生器组还连接有一路位于水域地下水入口处的纳米气泡排气管，且所述纳米气泡排气管上也设有增压器和无线的岸边溶解氧传感器，岸边还设有获取岸边溶解氧传感器的数据的岸边上位机。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的一种提高水域整体复氧能力的富营养化治理***，其特征在于：水域两岸设有伪装土建，岸边纳米气泡发生器组位于伪装土建内。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种提高水域整体复氧能力的富营养 化治理***，其特征在于：所述尾部入水软管为五条，中间最短，两边最长，且均不与船舶的螺旋桨接触。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种提高水域整体复氧能力的富营养化治理***，其特征在于：所述纳米气泡排气管和斜出气管一体成型，斜出气管的倾斜角度为45度。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种提高水域整体复氧能力的富营养化治理***，其特征在于：所述船载溶解氧传感器和岸边溶解氧传感器的数据自带GPS，还包括一国家水域污染智能监测器，与船载上位机和岸边上位机相连，获取船载溶解氧传感器和岸边溶解氧传感器的数据和GPS信息。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种提高水域整体复氧能力的富营养化治理***，其特征在于：所述甲板后方设有复氧舱，第一纳米气泡发生器组和第二纳米气泡发生器组设置在复氧舱。
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