WO2016129467A1 - 芯鞘複合繊維およびスリット繊維ならびにそれら繊維の製造方法 - Google Patents

芯鞘複合繊維およびスリット繊維ならびにそれら繊維の製造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016129467A1
WO2016129467A1 PCT/JP2016/053169 JP2016053169W WO2016129467A1 WO 2016129467 A1 WO2016129467 A1 WO 2016129467A1 JP 2016053169 W JP2016053169 W JP 2016053169W WO 2016129467 A1 WO2016129467 A1 WO 2016129467A1
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Prior art keywords
fiber
core
slit
sheath
component
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PCT/JP2016/053169
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
正人 増田
知彦 松浦
康宜 兼森
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東レ株式会社
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Application filed by 東レ株式会社 filed Critical 東レ株式会社
Priority to US15/549,890 priority Critical patent/US10745829B2/en
Priority to KR1020177014905A priority patent/KR102575874B1/ko
Priority to CN201680005475.7A priority patent/CN107208322A/zh
Priority to EP16749111.7A priority patent/EP3257976B1/en
Priority to JP2016511458A priority patent/JP6729367B2/ja
Publication of WO2016129467A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016129467A1/ja

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/60—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
    • D04B21/16—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
    • D04B1/16—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials synthetic threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a core-sheath composite fiber composed of two types of polymers, and the core component has a special cross-sectional shape, but is excellent in process passability and wear resistance in high-order processing, and appeals for wearing comfort.
  • the present invention relates to fibers suitable for clothing textiles.
  • thermoplastic polymers such as polyester and polyamide are excellent in mechanical properties and dimensional stability. For this reason, it is widely used not only for clothing but also for interiors, vehicle interiors, industrial applications, etc., and has an extremely high industrial value.
  • the core-sheath composite fiber characterized in that the core component is covered with the sheath component. Sensitive effects such as texture and bulkiness that cannot be achieved with a single fiber, as well as strength, elastic modulus, wear resistance, etc. It is often used to appeal for the addition of mechanical properties. Moreover, if this core-sheath composite fiber is applied, it is also possible to obtain a fiber having a special cross-sectional form that is difficult to obtain with a single fiber base. Usually, when polymer such as polyester or polyamide is melt-spun, the polymer discharged from the spinneret exerts a strong surface tension during the cooling process, and the fiber cross section approaches a more stable round cross section.
  • the core-sheath composite fiber is one of the development directions of the fiber.
  • Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 propose a technique related to a fiber in which a core-sheath composite fiber is applied to form a slit-like groove continuous in the fiber axis direction.
  • Patent Document 1 by forming slits in the fiber surface layer, the contact area with air is increased as compared with a fiber having a normal round cross section, and this is a polymer such as phosphate having a deodorizing function. There is a proposal regarding a fiber having an excellent deodorizing function.
  • Patent Document 1 in addition to using a thermoplastic polymer having a deodorizing function, 20 or more slits having a depth of twice or more of the groove width are arranged on the fiber surface layer, so that per fiber weight. The effect of increasing the surface area (specific surface area) and enhancing the deodorizing function is expected.
  • Patent Document 1 focuses on increasing the specific surface area, a large number of deep groove slits reaching the inner fiber layer are formed. For this reason, the initial performance capable of maintaining the slit may be excellent. However, when it is used as a textile for clothing that undergoes rubbing and repeated complicated deformation, it becomes a problem to provide a large number of slits in this deep groove. That is, in Patent Document 1, since the slit shape is a deep groove, and further, it is not considered that the protruding portion has a shape that is durable against abrasion or the like, the protruding portion formed on the fiber surface layer is abraded. For example, when the peeled protrusions are finely fluffed to deteriorate the tactile sensation and color developability, or above all, the deodorizing function expressed by the slits may be greatly reduced over time.
  • Patent Document 2 proposes a fiber that has formed a large number of fine slits on the fiber surface layer in order to express excellent wiping performance and polishing performance, and promoted a sharp multi-shaving effect and an inner wrapping effect.
  • Patent Document 2 shows that a large number of fine slits are formed in a fiber having a fiber diameter equivalent to that of a normal fiber, and the mechanical properties such as fiber strength have the same or better performance than a conventional wiping cloth using ultrafine fibers. There is a possibility that it can be expressed while guaranteeing.
  • Patent Document 2 as in Patent Document 1, wedge-shaped slits are arranged very deeply into the fiber inner layer. For this reason, when repeated rubbing is applied, the slit is easily peeled off, and although there is a possibility that it can be applied to a wiping cloth etc. on the premise of disposable, fluff due to peeling of the protrusions is still used in repeated use. There is a tendency that the wiping performance also decreases due to the occurrence and dropout of the water. In addition, it is very difficult to apply to clothing textiles that are often subject to abrasion and repeated deformation in actual use.
  • Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4 disclose fibers having a slit shape for clothing textiles, with the texture and color developability woven by the slit shape as appeal points.
  • Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4 there are many slits having a depth of 2 ⁇ m or more on the fiber surface layer as fibers capable of expressing a deep color tone and having the same texture as natural silk fibers. The technology to make it is proposed.
  • Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4 provide a slit having a depth of twice or more the groove width, so that the slit can be moved by deformation in the stagnation or compression direction, and the friction between fibers is increased. May develop. Moreover, it is described that the fine slit of the fiber surface layer can suppress the diffusion of light on the fiber surface layer and can express a deep color tone.
  • JP 2004-339616 A (Claims, page 4) JP 2008-7902 A (Claims, pages 5, 6) JP-A-2004-52161 (Claims, pages 1 to 4) JP 2004-308021 A (Claims, pages 1 to 4)
  • the present invention relates to a slit fiber that solves the problems of the prior art and a core-sheath composite fiber for producing the fiber.
  • the fiber of the present invention has a special texture and color tone as a textile for clothing, and can control the characteristics of the fiber surface, so that it becomes a highly functional textile with high demand in recent years when texture and comfort are required.
  • it has a special cross section with many slits on the fiber surface layer, it has excellent mechanical properties such as wear resistance and durability, so there are no restrictions on the use conditions and applications, and it is used as a textile for clothing. Can be expected to play an active role in a wide range of fields, from inner to outer.
  • the core component has a protrusion shape having protrusions and grooves alternately in a cross section perpendicular to the fiber axis, and the protrusion shape is a fiber axis
  • a core sheath characterized in that the height (H) of the projection, the width (WA) of the tip of the projection, and the width (WB) of the bottom satisfy the following formulas simultaneously: Composite fiber.
  • the core component is composed of a hardly-eluting component and the sheath component is composed of an easily-eluting component, and the elution rate ratio (sheath / core) of the core component polymer and the sheath component polymer is 100 or more (1
  • a slit fiber characterized by having a continuous slit in the fiber axis direction from which the sheath component is removed from the core-sheath composite fiber described in (3).
  • a protrusion shape having protrusions and grooves alternately in a cross section perpendicular to the fiber axis, the protrusion shape being formed continuously in the fiber axis direction, and the height of the protrusion (HT ),
  • a slit fiber characterized in that the width of the tip (WAT) and the width of the bottom (WBT) satisfy the following formulas at the same time.
  • the variation (CV%) in the distance (slit width (WC)) between adjacent tip ends in the cross section perpendicular to the fiber axis is 1.0% or more and 20.0% or less.
  • a composite base for discharging a composite polymer composed of at least two or more components wherein the composite base has a plurality of measurement holes for measuring each polymer component, and a discharge polymer from the measurement holes (1) to (5), characterized in that spinning is performed using a composite die composed of a distribution plate and a discharge plate in which a plurality of distribution holes are formed in a confluence groove for joining The manufacturing method of the core-sheath composite fiber of description.
  • the core-sheath conjugate fiber of the present invention has a special shape having alternately formed protrusions and grooves in the cross-sectional shape of the core perpendicular to the fiber axis, and the shape of the protrusions. Has a composite cross section that is not present.
  • the core component protrudes toward the sheath component side even when it is put into high-order processing or the like, so the area of the interface with the sheath component increases, and it is a combination of polymers with poor affinity.
  • peeling can be suppressed. For this reason, even in a high-order processing step in which weaving knitting is repeatedly abraded with a yarn guide or a scissors, and a high-order processing step in which rubbing or the like is applied under heating, it has high processability under a wide range of conditions.
  • the sheath component made of an easily eluting polymer is eluted with a solvent, it becomes possible to produce a slit fiber having a continuous slit shape on the fiber surface layer. Since the slit shape of the slit fiber is designed based on a mechanical point of view, the protruding portion is self-supported even after the sheath component is eluted, and the collapse of the slit shape is greatly suppressed. For this reason, it is resistant to abrasion and deformation in the compression direction, and also has durability against wear, which has been a conventional problem.
  • the core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention and the slit fiber using the composite fiber as a starting material exhibit various characteristics with high durability due to the slit of the fiber surface layer, it can be used in a wide range of applications that were difficult to apply with the prior art. Is possible.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a part of the core component for explaining the protrusion of the core component of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the protrusion part of the core component of this invention. It is a cross-sectional photograph of the slit fiber of this invention. (A) is a cross-sectional photograph of the slit fiber of the present invention, and (b) is a side photograph of the slit fiber of the present invention.
  • It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the core sheath composite fiber of this invention is an example of the form of a composite nozzle
  • the core-sheath composite fiber referred to in the present invention is composed of two types of polymers, and has a cross-sectional configuration in which a sheath component is installed so as to cover the core component in a cross section perpendicular to the fiber axis.
  • Examples of the core component and the sheath component constituting the core-sheath conjugate fiber of the present invention include polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyolefin, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polyamide, polylactic acid, Examples thereof include melt-moldable polymers such as thermoplastic polyurethane and polyphenylene sulfide, and copolymers thereof.
  • the melting point of the polymer is preferably 165 ° C. or more, since the heat resistance is good.
  • the polymer contains various additives such as inorganic materials such as titanium oxide, silica and barium oxide, colorants such as carbon black, dyes and pigments, flame retardants, optical brighteners, antioxidants, and UV absorbers. You may go out.
  • inorganic materials such as titanium oxide, silica and barium oxide
  • colorants such as carbon black, dyes and pigments, flame retardants, optical brighteners, antioxidants, and UV absorbers.
  • inorganic particles are polymerized unnecessarily. It was necessary to use what was contained in. In this case, the color developability may be greatly reduced, and it may be difficult to apply to high color textiles.
  • the core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention it is not necessary to contain excessive inorganic particles in the core component polymer, and when the sheath component is not eluted, excellent color developability by making the sheath component an easily dyeable polymer It is possible to make the fiber compatible with the contradictory characteristics that have not been achieved in the past, such as anti-penetration property.
  • the core component polymer contains 0.1 to 10.0% by weight of inorganic particles. If it is the range which concerns, in addition to expressing the outstanding light reflectivity, the fiber of this invention can be manufactured stably. From the viewpoint of high color development, it is preferable to produce the inorganic particles in a balanced manner in relation to the sheath component ratio (thickness). A more preferable range is from 1.0% by weight to 7.0% by weight from the viewpoint of light reflection and color developability.
  • the term “inorganic particles” as used herein refers to particles in which inorganic substances such as titanium oxide, silica, and barium oxide are formed into particles.
  • titanium oxide is preferably used from the viewpoint of handleability and the like, and the anatase type in which the maximum particle size is 5.0 ⁇ m and the proportion of the particle size is 1.0 ⁇ m or less is 50% by weight or less. Is preferably used.
  • the sheath component after performing high-order processing such as weaving and knitting, the sheath component can be eluted to obtain a slit fiber composed of the core component.
  • the core component is difficult to elute and the sheath component is easy to elute with respect to the solvent used for elution of the sheath component, and the core component is selected according to the use, and the solvent can be used therefrom.
  • the larger the elution rate ratio of the hard-to-elute component (core component) and the easy-to-elute component (sheath component) to the solvent, the more suitable combination, and the elution rate ratio (sheath / core) is preferably 100 or more.
  • the higher the elution rate ratio the more preferable the sheath elution is completed without unnecessarily degrading the core component, and the elution rate ratio in the present invention is more preferably 1000 or more, and preferably 10,000 or more. Particularly preferred.
  • the elution rate ratio (sheath / core) mentioned here is the ratio of the elution rate of the core polymer and the sheath polymer to the elution conditions (solvent and temperature) used for sheath elution, and this elution rate is a unit time in the elution conditions. It means the rate constant calculated from the amount of elution per hit.
  • the elution rate ratio in the present invention is determined by dividing the elution rate of the sheath polymer by the elution rate of the core polymer and rounding off the decimals. Specifically, the chips are treated for 5 hours in a hot air dryer set to the glass transition temperature of each polymer + 100 ° C. or lower.
  • a heat treatment chip is inserted into the solvent maintained at the elution temperature so as to have a bath ratio of 20, and the elution rate of each polymer is calculated from the elution amount of the heat treatment chip per unit time in the elution process.
  • the sheath component for example, from a polymer that can be melt-molded such as polyester and its copolymer, polylactic acid, polyamide, polystyrene and its copolymer, polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, etc., and more easily eluted than other components It is preferable to select.
  • the sheath component is preferably a copolyester, polylactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, or the like, which is easily soluble in an aqueous solvent or hot water, particularly polyethylene glycol, sodium. It is preferable to use polyester or polylactic acid copolymerized with sulfoisophthalic acid alone or in combination from the viewpoint of handleability and easy elution into a low concentration aqueous solvent.
  • polylactic acid and 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid are copolymerized.
  • Particularly preferred is a polyester in which polyethylene glycol having a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 3000 is copolymerized in the range of 5 wt% to 15 wt% in addition to the prepared polyester and the aforementioned 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid.
  • polyesters in which polyethylene glycol is copolymerized in addition to 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid alone and 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid described above are easily eluted in aqueous solvents such as alkaline aqueous solution while maintaining crystallinity. Therefore, even in false twisting or the like in which scratching is imparted under heating, fusion between composite fibers does not occur, which is preferable from the viewpoint of high-order processing passability.
  • the core component is preferably a polyamide having excellent alkali resistance.
  • Polyamide as used herein is preferably polycaproamide (nylon 6) or polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon 66), which has excellent mechanical properties and can be easily developed as a textile, and is less likely to cause gelation during the yarn production process.
  • Polycaproamide (nylon 6) is more preferable from the viewpoint of excellent yarn production.
  • Examples of other components include polydodecanoamide, polyhexamethylene adipamide, polyhexamethylene azelamide, polyhexamethylene sebamide, polyhexamethylene dodecanoamide, polymetaxylylene adipamide, polyhexamethylene Examples include terephthalamide and polyhexamethylene isophthalamide.
  • Polyamide is known to exhibit relatively high flexibility and excellent wear resistance.
  • the self-supporting slit shape is highly durable against wear in the first place, and furthermore, by using polyamide, extremely excellent wear resistance is expressed.
  • polyamide is excellent in hydrophilicity, when the slit fiber of the present invention is used as a water-absorbing fiber, the water-absorbing effect by the capillary phenomenon due to the slit is promoted, and it can be used as a super-water-absorbing fiber that has not existed before.
  • the core-sheath conjugate fiber of the present invention is a protrusion in which the core component alternately has protrusions and grooves formed continuously in the fiber cross section exemplified in FIG. 1 by the core component and the sheath component made of the polymer described above. It must have a shape.
  • the protrusions and grooves in the core component are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the core component cross section, and the height (H), tip width (WA), and bottom surface width (WB) of the protrusions are as follows. It is necessary to satisfy the equation simultaneously, and these ratios are obtained as follows.
  • a multifilament made of a core-sheath composite fiber is embedded with an embedding agent such as an epoxy resin, and this cross section is formed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) so that the core component protrudes toward the sheath component side.
  • SEM scanning electron microscope
  • a two-dimensional image is taken as a magnification at which 10 or more parts can be observed.
  • metal dyeing is performed, the contrast between the core component and the sheath component can be clarified using the dyeing difference due to the polymer.
  • the relationship between the height (H) of the protrusion and the width (WA) of the tip is important and is the first requirement.
  • the height (H) of the protrusion is obtained as follows.
  • the height of the protrusion is the intersection of the center line (5 in FIG. 2) and the circumscribed circle of the protrusion (6 in FIG. 2) and the groove in the cross section of the core-sheath composite fiber. It means the distance between the intersection (9 in FIG. 2) between the tangent circle and the center line of the side surface of the protrusion.
  • the width (WA) of the tip of the protrusion is the intersection of the extension line (4-1 and 4-2 in FIG. 2) and the circumscribed circle (7-- in FIG. 2) in the cross section of the core-sheath composite fiber. It means the distance between 1 and 7-2).
  • the circumscribed circle referred to here is a perfect circle (3 in FIG.
  • the ratio of the square root of the height (H) of the protrusion and the width (WA) of the tip indicates the mechanical durability of the slit. In the present invention, this value is 1.0 or more and 3.0 or less. Need to be.
  • the sheath component may be eluted and used as a slit fiber having a slit shape composed of the core component.
  • elution of the sheath component is generally performed by using a liquid dyeing machine or the like, and the fiber is repeatedly subjected to complicated deformation in the processing step.
  • the slit formed in the outermost layer of the fiber can be repeatedly subjected to complicated deformation, and if the mechanical durability is low, the protrusion may be easily peeled off.
  • the texture due to the fluffing of the fibers but also the function expression due to the slit shape is greatly reduced. For this reason, the expected effect may not be obtained.
  • H / (WA) 1/2 is 1.0 or more. It is important that it is 3.0 or less. If it is in such a range, since the slit after elution is self-supporting in addition to the durability during the elution treatment described above, it worked very effectively on the function expression depending on the slit shape, and was formed on the fiber surface layer Various characteristics can be expressed by the slit.
  • H / (WA) 1/2 is more preferably 1.0 or more and 2.4 or less.
  • H / (WA) 1/2 is 1.0 or more and 1.8 or less. It is particularly preferable that the performance due to the slit is maintained with high durability within such a range.
  • the peeling of the slits generated by the external force becomes fuzzy, leading to deterioration of the texture due to the generation of fine fluff and a decrease in color development, making it difficult to apply.
  • the characteristics of these slit fibers depend on the presence of the slits, so that the expected performance is greatly deteriorated and cannot endure long-term use.
  • the width (WA) of the tip of the protrusion and the bottom of the protrusion The width (WB) ratio (WB / WA) needs to be 0.7 or more and 3.0 or less.
  • WB means the distance between the intersection (10-1 and 10-2 in FIG. 3) of the extension line on the side surface of the protrusion and the inscribed circle of the groove.
  • WB / WA it is possible to adjust according to desired characteristics and applications. However, when used for an outer or the like, it is necessary to consider the durability of the slit, for example, in a relatively harsh environment. In the sports apparel used in the above, it is preferable to increase the durability against abrasion and the like, and WB / WA is more preferably 1.0 or more and 3.0 or less.
  • the core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention is intended to finally obtain a fiber having a slit shape on the fiber surface layer by eluting the sheath component in a high-order processing. For this reason, it is preferable that elution of the sheath component proceeds efficiently, and this is related to the width (WA) of the tip of the protrusion and the distance (PA) between the tips of the protrusion.
  • the distance between the projection tips (PA) means the distance between the center line of two adjacent projections (5 in FIG. 2) and the intersection of circumscribed circles (6 in FIG. 2). It means the distance between 1 and 6-2 or 6-1 and 6-3.
  • the ratio (WA / PA) of the width (WA) of the protrusion tip to the distance (PA) between the protrusion tip is preferably 0.1 or more and 0.9 or less.
  • WA / PA as used herein represents the ratio of the width of the protrusion tip to the distance between the two adjacent protrusion tips in the protrusion, which greatly affects the elution efficiency of the sheath component. That is, the solvent for eluting the sheath component starts eluting from the outermost layer of the core-sheath composite fiber, and the treatment gradually proceeds into the fiber.
  • the sheath component present in the outermost layer of the core-sheath composite fiber is eluted immediately after the start of the elution step, and the elution process proceeds efficiently until the sheath component is present in the groove of the core component.
  • the sheath component present in the groove is in a state surrounded by the core component which is a hardly-eluting component except for the outermost layer portion. For this reason, when the shape of the protrusion and the groove is not taken into account, the elution efficiency is greatly reduced. When the elution efficiency is reduced, it is necessary to increase the processing time and temperature of the elution step, or in some cases, it is necessary to process with a stronger solvent.
  • the sheath component that cannot be completely eluted and the residue thereof are also present in the final product, which may have adverse effects such as powder blowing and dyeing spots.
  • WA / PA is 0.1 or more and 0.5 or less in order to discharge the residue of the sheath component existing in the inner layer of the groove part and complete the elution process in a shorter time. .
  • the elution process can be simplified, elution of the sheath component can be completed without unnecessarily deteriorating the protrusion of the core component, which is also preferable from the viewpoint of fabric quality and durability.
  • the width of the groove is moderate, and WA / PA is 0.2 or more and 0.5 or less including the durability after elution. Even more preferred.
  • the circumscribed circle diameter at the tip of the protrusion of the core component It is preferable that the ratio (DA / PA) between (DA) and the distance (PA) between the protrusion tips is in a specified range.
  • the circumscribed circle diameter (DA) at the tip of the projection referred to here means the diameter of a perfect circle (3 in FIG. 2) circumscribing most at two or more points on the tip of the projection in the cross section of the core-sheath composite fiber. The ratio with the distance (PA) between the tips of the protrusions is obtained.
  • DA / PA means that protrusions and grooves existing in the surface layer of the core component are repeatedly present at intervals corresponding to the diameter of the core component. That is, when the core component has a protrusion protruding to the sheath component side, the area of the interface per weight increases. For this reason, it can be said that durability against peeling is improved.
  • the anchor effect it is difficult to obtain the effect if there are too few protrusions, but even if there are excessive protrusions, an unnecessarily complicated shape causes concentration of force acting on the interface, causing peeling. May be the base point.
  • a composite form is often formed by polymers having different compositions, densities, and softening temperatures, such as a difference in elution rate as described above, and the core component and the sheath component are separated.
  • the anchor effect is significant. Based on the above findings, it was found that when DA / PA is 3.5 or more and 15.0 or less, the anchor effect and stress concentration on the interface are suppressed, and an excellent peeling suppression effect is obtained. That is, when DA / PA is 3.5 or more, peeling due to rubbing with a yarn guide or a heel during generally weaving is greatly suppressed.
  • DA / PA is more preferably 7.0 or more.
  • DA / PA is 15.0 or less.
  • the core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention is a variety of intermediates such as fiber winding packages, tows, cut fibers, cotton, fiber balls, cords, piles, knitted fabrics, and non-woven fabrics. It is possible to generate various textile products. Moreover, the core-sheath conjugate fiber of the present invention can be made into a fiber product by elution of the sheath component partially or elution of the core component without treatment. Textile products here include general clothing such as jackets, skirts, pants and underwear, sports clothing, clothing materials, interior products such as carpets, sofas and curtains, vehicle interiors such as car seats, cosmetics, cosmetic masks, and wiping. Used for daily use such as cloth and health supplies, environment and industrial materials such as abrasive cloth, filters, hazardous substance removal products, battery separators, and medical applications such as sutures, scaffolds, artificial blood vessels, and blood filters be able to.
  • the sheath component When assuming application to such textile products, the sheath component is basically eluted.
  • the area ratio of a core component shall be 70 to 90% in the cross section of this fiber.
  • the gap between the slit fibers becomes appropriate, and it can be used without having to be mixed with other fibers.
  • the ratio of the core component is more preferably 80% to 90%.
  • the area ratio of the core component can exceed 90%.
  • the core component can be substantially covered with the core component in a stable range.
  • the upper limit of the ratio was 90%.
  • the slit fiber is obtained by eluting the sheath component after making the intermediate once as described above.
  • the slit fibers can control water characteristics such as water absorption and water repellency in addition to the deep color effect due to the optical effect of the slit.
  • the control of water characteristics and the deep color effect as described above are due to slits formed in the fiber surface layer. For this reason, it is important that the slit shape exists in a stable state, and the point is that the slit shape is maintained even after the sheath component is eluted from the core-sheath composite fiber. For this reason, in the slit fiber of the present invention, the height (HT) of the protruding portion formed continuously in the fiber axis direction, the width (WAT) of the tip of the protruding portion, and the width (WBT) of the bottom surface are expressed by the following equations. It is necessary to be satisfied at the same time.
  • the height of the protrusion (HT), the width of the tip of the protrusion (WAT), and the width of the bottom surface (WBT) are the same as in the cross-sectional evaluation of the core-sheath composite fiber. It is embedded with an embedding agent such as an epoxy resin, and a two-dimensional image is taken at a magnification at which ten or more protrusions can be observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Measure the height (HT), tip width (WAT), and bottom width (WBT) of the projections in ⁇ m units for 10 projections randomly extracted from the captured images in the same image. Round off to the second decimal place. With respect to 10 images taken by repeating the above operation 10 times, each value is obtained by rounding off the second decimal place.
  • SEM scanning electron microscope
  • the slit width variation (CV%) ) Is preferably 1.0% to 20.0%.
  • the slit width referred to here is obtained by taking an image as a magnification at which 10 or more slits can be observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) as shown in FIG. From the 10 slits randomly extracted from the captured images in the same image, [distance between protrusion tips (for example, PA in FIG. 3) ⁇ width of protrusion tips (for example, WA in FIG. 2 or FIG. 10) The value obtained by measuring (WAT)] is the slit width (WC) referred to in the present invention.
  • WC slit width
  • the variation in the slit width guarantees the variation in performance due to the special slit shape of the present invention.
  • the variation range is preferably 1.0% to 20.0%, and the function can be stably expressed within the range.
  • the variation is more preferably 1.0% to 15.0%.
  • the slit fiber of the present invention has a ratio (WC / DC) of the slit width (WC) and the fiber diameter (DC) corresponding to the circumscribed circle diameter of the slit to 0.02 or more and 0.10 or less. Expresses unique functions.
  • the fiber diameter (DC) of the slit fiber referred to here is a cross section perpendicular to the fiber axis from a two-dimensionally photographed image as illustrated in FIG. It is the diameter of the perfect circle that circumscribes most points.
  • the fiber diameter (DC) is obtained by embedding the slit fiber bundle with an embedding agent such as an epoxy resin, and taking an image at a magnification at which 10 or more fibers can be observed with a stereomicroscope in the cross section (FIG. 4). .
  • the circumscribed circle diameter of 10 fibers randomly extracted from the images in which the fiber cross-sections are photographed in the same image is measured.
  • the fiber diameter is measured in ⁇ m and rounded to the first decimal place. For 10 images obtained by photographing the above operations, a simple number average value of the values measured in each image and the ratio (WC / DC) is obtained.
  • the water-absorbing material such as cotton applied to the inner has the property of retaining the absorbed water in the fiber or between the fibers, so that the fabric itself becomes wet when sweating in the late stage of exercise, etc. There was a case of discomfort.
  • WC / DC is more preferably 0.04 or more and 0.08.
  • the water repellent treatment can be performed without any spots, which may be a highly functional material.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the slit fiber of the present invention includes not only a round cross section, but also a flat cross section having a ratio of the short axis to the long axis (flatness) of more than 1.0, as well as a triangle, a quadrangle, a hexagon, an octagon, etc. It can take various cross-sectional shapes such as polygonal cross-sections, dharma cross-sections with some irregularities, Y-shaped cross-sections, star-shaped cross-sections, etc. These cross-sectional shapes can control the surface and mechanical properties of the fabric. It becomes possible.
  • the degree of irregularity of the slit fibers is more preferably 1.0 to 2.0.
  • the degree of irregularity referred to here is obtained as follows. That is, as in the method for measuring the fiber diameter (DC) of the slit fiber, an image is taken at a magnification at which the slit fiber can observe 10 or more fibers (FIG. 5B).
  • the inscribed circle diameter referred to here is a diameter of a perfect circle that is most inscribed at two or more points on a cross section perpendicular to the fiber axis from a two-dimensionally photographed image. Means that.
  • a simple number average value of the values measured in the image was determined and used as the degree of irregularity of the slit fiber.
  • 1.0 corresponds to a perfect circle, and an increase in the numerical value means that the cross section of the fiber is more deformed.
  • the gap between the slit fibers can be expected to have the effect of sucking up the moisture sucked up by the slit shape formed in the fiber surface layer as the priming water. From this point of view, it is more preferable that the degree of irregularity of the slit fiber is 1.0 to 1.5, and within this range, the gap between the fibers and the slit shape formed in the fiber surface layer have a synergistic effect. , Expresses very good water absorption.
  • the core-sheath composite fiber and the slit fiber in the present invention preferably have a certain level of toughness in consideration of process passability and substantial use in high-order processing, and the strength and elongation of the fiber are used as indices. be able to.
  • the strength is a value obtained by obtaining a load-elongation curve of the fiber under the conditions shown in JIS L1013 (1999), and dividing the load value at break by the initial fineness, and the elongation is at break Is the value obtained by dividing the elongation of the initial value by the initial trial length.
  • the initial fineness means a value (dtex) obtained by calculating a weight (g) per 10,000 m from a simple average value obtained by measuring the weight of the unit length of the fiber a plurality of times.
  • the strength of the fiber of the present invention is preferably 0.5 to 10.0 cN / dtex, and the elongation is preferably 5 to 700%.
  • the upper limit value at which the strength can be performed is 10.0 cN / dtex, and the upper limit value at which the elongation can be performed is 700%.
  • the strength is 1.0 to 4.0 cN / dtex and the elongation is 20 to 40%. In sports apparel applications where the usage environment is harsh, it is more preferable to set the strength to 3.0 to 6.0 cN / dtex and the elongation to 10 to 40%.
  • the fiber of the present invention is adjusted by controlling the conditions of the production process in accordance with the intended use of the strength and elongation.
  • the core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention can be manufactured by using two types of polymers and spinning the core-sheath composite fiber arranged so that the core component is covered with the sheath component.
  • a method for producing the core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention composite spinning by melt spinning is preferable from the viewpoint of improving productivity.
  • the core-sheath conjugate fiber of the present invention can be obtained by solution spinning or the like.
  • the manufacturing method of the core-sheath composite fiber and the slit fiber of the present invention has been intensively studied, and the method using the composite base illustrated in FIG. 6 achieves the object of the present invention. It was found to be suitable for.
  • the composite base shown in FIG. 6 is assembled into a spinning pack in a state where three kinds of members, that is, a metering plate 11, a distribution plate 12, and a discharge plate 13 are stacked from above, and is used for spinning.
  • FIG. 6 uses two types of polymers such as polymer A (core component) and polymer B (sheath component), and is an illustration of the embodiment.
  • the core component may be a hardly-eluting component and the sheath component may be an easily-eluting component.
  • the base shown in FIG. 6 is excellent in controlling the fiber cross-sectional shape, and can be produced without any restriction on the difference in melt viscosity between the polymer A and the polymer B, and is preferable for producing the fiber of the present invention.
  • the measuring plate 11 measures the amount of the polymer per each distribution hole and the distribution holes of both the core and the sheath, and the distribution plate 12 is made of a single (core-sheath composite) fiber. Controls the cross-sectional shape of the core component in the cross-section.
  • the composite polymer flow formed on the distribution plate 12 is compressed and discharged by the discharge plate 13.
  • a member having a flow path may be used in accordance with the spinning machine and the spinning pack. Incidentally, by designing the measuring plate 11 according to the existing flow path member, the existing spinning pack and its members can be utilized as they are. For this reason, it is not necessary to occupy a spinning machine especially for the composite die.
  • a plurality of flow path plates may be stacked between the flow path and the measurement plate or between the measurement plate 11 and the distribution plate 12.
  • the purpose of this is to provide a flow path through which the polymer is transferred efficiently and introduced into the distribution plate 12 in the cross-sectional direction of the die and the cross-sectional direction of the single fiber.
  • the composite polymer flow discharged from the discharge plate 13 is cooled and solidified in accordance with a conventional melt spinning method, and then an oil agent is applied and taken up by a roller having a specified peripheral speed, thereby forming the core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention.
  • the composite polymer flow passes through the measuring plate 11 and the distribution plate 12, and this composite polymer flow is discharged from the discharge hole of the discharge plate 13 from the upstream to the downstream of the composite base.
  • the process will be described in order along the flow of the polymer.
  • each polymer is weighed by a pressure loss caused by a restriction provided in each metering hole.
  • a guideline for the design of this diaphragm is that the pressure loss is 0.1 MPa or more.
  • the design be 30.0 MPa or less. This pressure loss is determined by the polymer flow rate and viscosity per metering hole.
  • a polymer having a viscosity of 100 to 200 Pa ⁇ s at a temperature of 280 ° C. and a strain rate of 1000 s ⁇ 1 is used, a spinning temperature of 280 to 290 ° C., and a discharge amount per metering hole of 0.1 to 5.0 g / min.
  • L / D discharge hole length / discharge hole diameter
  • the pore diameter is reduced so as to approach the lower limit of the above range and / or the pore length is approached to the upper limit of the above range. You can extend it. Conversely, when the viscosity is high or the discharge rate increases, the hole diameter and the hole length may be reversed.
  • measuring plates 11 It is preferable to stack a plurality of measuring plates 11 and measure the polymer amount in stages, and more preferably to provide measuring holes in two steps to ten steps. Dividing the measuring plate or measuring hole into a plurality of times is suitable for obtaining the core-sheath conjugate fiber of the present invention that requires fine polymer flow control of the order of 10 ⁇ 5 g / min / hole per measuring hole. is there.
  • a distribution groove 15 for collecting the polymer flowing in from each metering hole 14, and a distribution hole 16 (FIG. 7) for flowing the polymer downstream are formed in the lower surface of the distribution groove.
  • the distribution groove 15 is preferably provided with a plurality of distribution holes 16 of two or more holes, and the cross-sectional shape of the composite fiber is controlled by the arrangement of the distribution holes 16 in the final distribution plate immediately above the discharge plate 13. be able to.
  • FIG. 9 shows an example of the arrangement of the distribution holes.
  • the cores are arranged.
  • the sheath component is installed so as to be sandwiched between the core components discharged from the component distribution holes, and a polymer flow is formed that is combined into a core-sheath shape in which the slit shape required in the present invention is controlled.
  • the slit groove is formed by the sheath component distribution hole, the slit shape can be arbitrarily controlled by the amount of polymer discharged therefrom and the arrangement of the distribution holes.
  • the composite die having such a mechanism always stabilizes the flow of the polymer as described above, and makes it possible to produce a composite fiber with a controlled cross section that is necessary for achieving the present invention.
  • the melt viscosity ⁇ A of the core polymer (polymer A) and The melt viscosity ratio ( ⁇ B / ⁇ A) to the sheath polymer (polymer B) melt viscosity ⁇ B is preferably 0.1 to 2.0.
  • the melt viscosity here refers to a melt viscosity that can be measured with a capillary rheometer with a moisture content of 200 ppm or less using a vacuum dryer, and means a melt viscosity at the same shear rate at the spinning temperature. To do.
  • the shape of the composite cross section is basically controlled by the arrangement of the distribution holes.
  • the reduction hole 18 (FIG. 8) significantly reduces the cross-sectional direction. It is necessary to take into account changes over time such as changes in viscosity due to the above, and if the melt viscosity ratio is within the range, there is little possibility that these changes will have an effect, and stable production will be possible. From this viewpoint, ⁇ B / ⁇ A is 0.1 to 1.0 as a more preferable range. Note that the melt viscosity of the above polymers can be controlled relatively freely by adjusting the molecular weight and copolymerization component even in the case of the same type of polymer. Therefore, in the present invention, the melt viscosity is determined by polymer combination or spinning. It is an index for setting conditions.
  • the composite polymer flow discharged from the distribution plate 12 flows into the discharge plate 13.
  • the discharge introduction hole 17 is preferably provided in the discharge plate 13.
  • the discharge introduction hole 17 is for allowing the composite polymer flow discharged from the distribution plate 12 to flow perpendicularly to the discharge surface for a certain distance. This is intended to alleviate the flow rate difference between the polymer A and the polymer B and reduce the flow rate distribution in the cross-sectional direction of the composite polymer flow.
  • it is important to control the slit shape of the outermost layer of the core component. In order to reduce the polymer flow rate of the outermost layer that is relatively susceptible to distortion when the composite polymer stream is compressed, this discharge introduction is used. It is preferable to provide the holes 17.
  • the composite polymer flow is discharged from the discharge holes 19 (FIG. 8) onto the spinning line while maintaining the cross-sectional shape as the arrangement of the distribution holes 16 (FIG. 7) through the discharge introduction holes 17 and the reduction holes 18.
  • the hole diameter and hole length of the discharge hole 19 are preferably determined in consideration of the viscosity of the polymer and the discharge amount.
  • the discharge hole diameter D is selected in the range of 0.1 to 2.0 mm, and L / D (discharge hole length / discharge hole diameter) is selected in the range of 0.1 to 5.0. Is preferred.
  • melt spinning as island component and sea component, for example, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyolefin, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polyamide, polylactic acid, thermoplastic polyurethane,
  • melt moldable polymers such as polyphenylene sulfide and copolymers thereof.
  • the melting point of the polymer is preferably 165 ° C. or more, since the heat resistance is good.
  • the polymer contains various additives such as inorganic materials such as titanium oxide, silica and barium oxide, colorants such as carbon black, dyes and pigments, flame retardants, optical brighteners, antioxidants, and UV absorbers. You may go out.
  • inorganic materials such as titanium oxide, silica and barium oxide
  • colorants such as carbon black, dyes and pigments, flame retardants, optical brighteners, antioxidants, and UV absorbers. You may go out.
  • Preferred polymer combinations for spinning the core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention include polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polylactic acid, thermoplastic polyurethane, and polyphenylene sulfide. From the viewpoint of suppressing peeling, it is preferable to use a polymer B with a different molecular weight, or to use one as a homopolymer and the other as a copolymer. Also, from the viewpoint of improving the bulkiness due to the spiral structure, combinations having different polymer compositions are preferable. Polyurethane and polybutylene terephthalate / polytrimethylene terephthalate are preferred.
  • the spinning temperature in the present invention is preferably set to a temperature at which a high melting point or high viscosity polymer exhibits fluidity among the used polymers determined from the aforementioned viewpoint.
  • the temperature indicating the fluidity varies depending on the polymer characteristics and the molecular weight, but the melting point of the polymer serves as a guideline and may be set at a melting point of + 60 ° C. or lower. If the temperature is lower than this, the polymer is not thermally decomposed in the spinning head or the spinning pack, the molecular weight reduction is suppressed, and the core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention can be produced satisfactorily.
  • the discharge amount of the polymer in the present invention may be from 0.1 g / min / hole to 20.0 g / min / hole per discharge hole as a range in which the melt can be discharged while maintaining stability. At this time, it is preferable to consider the pressure loss in the discharge hole that can ensure the stability of the discharge.
  • the pressure loss mentioned here is preferably determined from the range of the discharge amount based on the relationship between the melt viscosity of the polymer, the discharge hole diameter, and the discharge hole length with 0.1 MPa to 40 MPa as a guide.
  • the ratio of the core component (Polymer A) to the sheath component (Polymer B) in spinning the core-sheath composite fiber used in the present invention is 50/50 to 90/10 in terms of weight / core ratio based on the discharge amount.
  • the range can be selected.
  • increasing the core ratio is preferable from the viewpoint of productivity of slit fibers.
  • the core / sheath ratio is more preferably 70/30 to 90/10 as long-term stability of the core / sheath composite cross section and the range in which slit fibers can be produced efficiently and in good balance while maintaining stability. Further, when considering the point that the elution process is completed quickly, 80/20 to 90/10 is particularly preferable.
  • the yarn melted and discharged from the discharge hole is cooled and solidified, converged by applying an oil or the like, and taken up by a roller having a specified peripheral speed.
  • the take-off speed is determined from the discharge amount and the target fiber diameter.
  • 100 to 7000 m / min is preferable. Can be listed as a range.
  • the spun core-sheath composite fiber is preferably stretched from the viewpoint of improving thermal stability and mechanical properties, and may be stretched after winding the spun core-sheath composite fiber once. It is also possible to perform stretching after spinning, without winding once.
  • the drawing conditions for example, in a drawing machine composed of a pair of rollers or more, if the fiber is made of a polymer showing thermoplasticity that can generally be melt-spun, the first roller set to a temperature not lower than the glass transition temperature and not higher than the melting point; By the peripheral speed ratio of the second roller corresponding to the crystallization temperature, the second roller is stretched in the fiber axis direction without difficulty, and is heat set and wound.
  • dynamic viscoelasticity measurement (tan ⁇ ) of the composite fiber is performed, and a temperature equal to or higher than the peak temperature on the high temperature side of the obtained tan ⁇ may be selected as the preheating temperature.
  • the sheath component may be removed by immersing the composite fiber in a solvent or the like in which the easily eluted component can be eluted.
  • the easily eluting component is a copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate or polylactic acid in which 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid or polyethylene glycol is copolymerized
  • an alkaline aqueous solution such as an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution can be used.
  • the composite fiber may be immersed in an alkaline aqueous solution.
  • a fluid dyeing machine etc. are utilized, since it can process in large quantities at once, productivity is good and it is preferable from an industrial viewpoint.
  • the production method of the core-sheath composite fiber and the slit fiber according to the present invention has been described based on the melt spinning method for the purpose of producing the long fiber, but the melt blow method and span suitable for obtaining a sheet-like material are described. Needless to say, it can also be manufactured by a bond method, and it can also be manufactured by a solution spinning method such as wet and dry wet.
  • the chip-like polymer was adjusted to a moisture content of 200 ppm or less with a vacuum dryer, and the melt viscosity was measured by changing the strain rate stepwise with a Capillograph 1B manufactured by Toyo Seiki.
  • the measurement temperature is the same as the spinning temperature, and the melt viscosity of 1216 s -1 is described in the examples or comparative examples. By the way, it took 5 minutes from putting the sample into the heating furnace to starting the measurement, and the measurement was performed in a nitrogen atmosphere.
  • the distance between the ten protrusions (PA), the protrusion tip width (WA), the protrusion height (H), and the protrusion bottom surface width (WB) was measured. The same operation was performed on 10 images, and the average value of the 10 images was used as each value. These values are obtained in ⁇ m to the second decimal place and rounded to the first decimal place.
  • the fiber diameter of the slit fiber The slit fiber obtained by eluting 99% or more of the sheath component from the core-sheath composite fiber was embedded and cut with an epoxy resin in the same manner as in the case of the core-sheath composite fiber. Images were taken at a magnification at which 10 or more slit fibers could be observed with a microscope VHX-2000 manufactured by Keyence Corporation. Ten randomly selected slit fibers were extracted from this image, and the fiber diameter (DC) was measured using image processing software (WINROOF). The measurement was performed up to the second decimal place in ⁇ m units, and the same operation was performed on 10 images, and these simple number average values were rounded off to the second decimal place.
  • DC image processing software
  • Slit width and slit width variation were affixed to the observation table in the horizontal direction, and photographed at a magnification at which 10 or more slits formed on the fiber surface layer could be observed with a VE-7800 scanning electron microscope (SEM) manufactured by Keyence Corporation. Ten slits randomly selected from the above were extracted, and the slit width was obtained using image processing software (WINROOF). Note that the slit width is calculated in ⁇ m to the second decimal place and rounded off to the second decimal place. The same operation was performed on 10 images, and the average value and standard deviation of 10 images were obtained. From these results, slit width variation (CV%) was calculated based on the following formula.
  • Slit width variation (CV%) (standard deviation / average value) ⁇ 100 The slit width variation is also calculated to the second decimal place and rounded to the first decimal place.
  • Example 1 Polyethylene terephthalate (PET1 melt viscosity: 140 Pa ⁇ s) as the core component and polyethylene terephthalate (copolymerized PET1 melt) copolymerized with 8.0 mol% of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid and 10 wt% of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1000 as the sheath component Viscosity: 45 Pa ⁇ s) was melted separately at 290 ° C., weighed, and allowed to flow into a spin pack incorporating the composite die of the present invention shown in FIG. 6, and a composite polymer stream was discharged from the discharge holes.
  • PET1 melt viscosity: 140 Pa ⁇ s polyethylene terephthalate
  • copolymerized PET1 melt copolymerized with 8.0 mol% of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid and 10 wt% of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1000 as the sheath component Viscosity
  • the portion located at the interface between the core component and the sheath component has the arrangement pattern shown in FIG. 9, and the core component distribution hole group and the sheath component distribution hole group are arranged alternately. 24 slits were formed in one core-sheath composite fiber. Further, the discharge plate having a discharge introduction hole length of 5 mm, a reduction hole angle of 60 °, a discharge hole diameter of 0.3 mm, and a discharge hole length / discharge hole diameter of 1.5 was used.
  • the total discharge amount of the polymer was 31.5 g / min, and the core-sheath composite ratio was adjusted to 80/20 by weight.
  • an oil agent was applied, and the undrawn fiber was obtained by winding at a spinning speed of 1500 m / min. Further, the unstretched fiber was stretched 3.0 times between rollers heated to 90 ° C. and 130 ° C. (stretching speed: 800 m / min) to obtain a core-sheath composite fiber (70 dtex-36 filament).
  • the height (H), the tip width (WA), and the bottom width (WB) of the protrusion of the core component are 1.3 ⁇ m, 0.8 ⁇ m, and 1.2 ⁇ m, respectively, and H / (WA) 1/2 is It was confirmed that the core-sheath conjugate fiber of the present invention was 1.5 and WB / WA was 1.5.
  • the mechanical properties of the core-sheath conjugate fiber obtained in Example 1 have a strength of 3.4 cN / dtex, an elongation of 28%, and sufficient mechanical properties for high-order processing, and were processed into a woven fabric or a knitted fabric. Even in this case, thread breakage or the like did not occur at all.
  • the test piece made of the core-sheath composite fiber of Example 1 was knitted, and the sheath component was desealed by 99% or more with a 1 wt% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (bath ratio 1: 100) heated to 90 ° C.
  • the sheath component is one in which the sheath component is quickly eluted within 10 minutes after starting the elution treatment, and even when the solvent from which the sheath component is eluted is visually observed, the slit protrusions are not removed. It was.
  • the removal of the sheath component was evaluated using the solvent from which the sheath component was eluted, but the weight change of the filter paper was less than 3 mg, there was no removal (judgment: A), there was no deterioration of the slit, and it was excellent in high-order processability. Met. Incidentally, even when the eluted slit fiber was treated with an alkaline aqueous solution heated to 90 ° C. for an additional 10 minutes, the slits were still not removed.
  • the slit fiber collected by the above-mentioned operation has a protrusion shape having protrusions and grooves alternately in a cross section perpendicular to the fiber axis.
  • the height (HT) of this protrusion, the protrusion As shown in Table 1, the tip width (WAT) and the bottom width (WBT) satisfy the requirements of the slit fiber of the present invention.
  • the slit width variation was 5.3%, and in the observed image, it was possible to confirm a self-standing slit while maintaining a slit width of 0.9 ⁇ m.
  • the wear resistance evaluation was performed, the slit shape with excellent wear resistance derived from the core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention has a slit shape. No peeling was observed, and no fibrillation was observed on the sample surface (abrasion resistance judgment: good (A)).
  • the water absorption performance was evaluated without subjecting the slit fiber having excellent durability to the water repellent treatment, the water absorption performance was excellent (water absorption height 132 mm).
  • the PET single fiber (56 dtex-24 filament) having a round cross section evaluated by the same method has a water absorption height of 32 mm, and the slit fiber obtained in Example 1 has a water absorption performance four times or more that of a normal round cross section fiber. Will have.
  • the static contact angle of water exceeds 130 °, and the dynamic water repellency performance class judgment that is important for actual use is average. It was 5.0 grade and was found to exhibit good water repellency. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 2 All were carried out according to Example 1 except that the composite ratio of the core-sheath was changed to 70/30 (Example 2) and 90/10 (Example 3).
  • Example 2 since the core ratio was reduced, the slits became deeper than in Example 1, but the protrusion had a sufficient thickness, so that both dropout and wear resistance were good. Met. On the other hand, since the slit became a deep groove, the water absorption was improved.
  • Example 3 since the core ratio was increased, the protrusion width was increased, and the durability compared with Example 1 was excellent.
  • Example 3 the water absorption and the like are reduced as compared with Example 1 due to the reduction of the slit depth. However, the water absorption is 3.6 times higher than that of a normal round cross-section fiber. That is sufficient water absorption performance. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 4 The composite ratio of the core-sheath was fixed at 80/20, and everything was carried out in accordance with Example 1, except that the number of core component slits was changed to 10 (Example 4) and 50 (Example 5).
  • the structure in which the core component has a desired protrusion is present stably, and satisfies the requirements of the present invention.
  • the width of the protrusion increased the number of slits.
  • the slit did not fall off even in the elution process, and there was no problem.
  • fibrils were observed in the abrasion resistance evaluation, but they were minor and had no problem in actual use. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 1 As the core component and the sheath component, PET1 and copolymerized PET1 used in Example 1 were used, and pores corresponding to the number of core component protrusions were formed at the interface between the core component and the sheath component described in JP2008-7902A. And a conventionally known spinneret in which a slit portion is formed by a groove installed so that the sheath component flows from the fiber center to the outer periphery between the core component pores. At this time, pores for the core component and grooves for the sheath component were alternately installed so that 200 slits were formed, and other conditions were performed according to Example 1.
  • the weight loss rate as seen from the weight continued to increase even after 40 minutes of elution treatment.
  • the increase in dropout was visually confirmed, and the sample weight decreased to 60 minutes treatment (weight loss rate: 47%). It increased.
  • the slit fiber obtained in Comparative Example 1 had a low resistance in the compression direction of the slit fiber due to the slit entering the inner layer, and the entire slit fiber was distorted (degree of irregularity: 2.6). Moreover, when the fiber side surface was observed in order to evaluate the slit width, none of the protrusions were self-supporting, and the slit wavy, and the slit width was uneven depending on the observation location (slit width variation: 28%). Next, when an abrasion resistance test was performed, the fibrils clearly increased on the surface layer of the sample before and after the abrasion treatment, and the feel of the texture was also rough (abrasion resistance: impossible (C)). The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Comparative Example 2 Based on the result of Comparative Example 1, in order to increase the width of the protrusion, the core-sheath ratio was fixed at 80/20, and everything was carried out according to Comparative Example 1 except that the total discharge amount was increased and spinning was performed.
  • Comparative Example 3 In order to increase the width of the protrusions as in Comparative Example 2, all the procedures were performed in accordance with Comparative Example 1 except that the number of slits was reduced to 8 in addition to the increase in the total discharge amount.
  • the width of the protrusion could be greatly increased by reducing the number of slits
  • the slit shape was controlled because a spinneret with a groove for flowing the sheath component into the fiber inner layer was used.
  • a deep groove equivalent to or greater than that of Comparative Example 2 was formed.
  • the groove portion was expanded toward the inner layer, and the bottom surface of the protrusion portion was a core-sheath composite fiber that did not satisfy the requirements of the present invention (WB / WA: 0.5). .
  • the slit width is wide and the shape expands toward the inner layer of the fiber. Therefore, when scratching is applied, the protrusions easily peel off, and there are many fibrils on the sample surface. It was.
  • the slit width is wide, the effect on specific water characteristics as in the present invention was not observed, and both water absorption and water repellency were far from the slit fiber of the present invention. Incidentally, since these water characteristics are caused by the presence of slits, it is considered that the deterioration of the slits received in the elution treatment or the like is also caused by the deterioration of the functions. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 6 The core component is nylon 6 (N6 melt viscosity: 120 Pa ⁇ s), and the sheath component is copolymerized PET1 (melt viscosity: 55 Pa ⁇ s) used in Example 1, separately melted at 270 ° C., and weighed. Using the distribution pattern of the distribution holes shown, 50 slits were formed in one core-sheath composite fiber, and discharged from 24 holes at a total discharge amount of 50 g / min and a core-sheath ratio of 80/20. All other conditions were carried out according to Example 1.
  • the slit fiber after elution was evenly provided with slits having a width of 1.1 ⁇ m on the fiber surface layer, and exhibited excellent performance in both water absorption and water repellency.
  • the results are shown in Table 3.
  • Example 7 Except that the core component was changed to polybutylene terephthalate (PBT melt viscosity: 160 Pa ⁇ s) and all the spinning was carried out in accordance with Example 6.
  • PBT melt viscosity 160 Pa ⁇ s
  • Example 7 The core-sheath composite fiber and slit fiber obtained in Example 7 also had the same durability and excellent performance as in Example 7. The results are shown in Table 3.
  • Example 8 Except that the core component was changed to polypropylene (PP melt viscosity: 150 Pa ⁇ s) and spinning was carried out, everything was carried out according to Example 6.
  • PP melt viscosity 150 Pa ⁇ s
  • Example 8 The core-sheath composite fiber and slit fiber obtained in Example 8 also had excellent durability similar to that of Example 6.
  • the slit fiber is made of PP exhibiting hydrophobicity, and although it is difficult to exhibit water absorption performance, the water repellency performance is found to exhibit good dynamic water repellency without water repellency treatment. . Since PP has a density of 0.91 g / cm 3 and has light weight, it can be widely applied to textiles for comfortable clothing such as inner and outer. The results are shown in Table 3.
  • Example 9 Spinning with polyphenylene sulfide (PPS melt viscosity: 170 Pa ⁇ s) as the core component and polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with 5.0 mol% of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid (copolymerized PET2 melt viscosity: 110 Pa ⁇ s) as the sheath component Except for spinning at a temperature of 300 ° C., everything was carried out according to Example 6.
  • the core-sheath composite fiber of Example 9 also has a shape of a protrusion that satisfies the requirements of the present invention, and thus has no problem in high-order processability and durability.
  • the PPS used in Example 9 is known to be a hydrophobic polymer and is a polymer having a poor affinity with water, but by using the slit fiber of the present invention, the water absorption height is as high as 118 mm. It turned out that it becomes the fiber which shows property. Since PPS is a polymer with high chemical resistance, looking at current applications, it is often used in liquids such as battery separators and solution filters. By using the slit fiber of the present invention, these applications are used. It can be used effectively. The results are shown in Table 3.
  • Example 10 and 11 All were performed according to Example 6 except that the composite ratio of the core-sheath was changed to 70/30 (Example 10) and 90/10 (Example 11).
  • Example 10 since the core ratio was decreased, the slit became deeper than in Example 6, and since hydrophilic nylon 6 was used, it exhibited extremely excellent water absorption. Met. Moreover, since nylon 6 was excellent in alkali resistance, the drop-off of the slit portion did not occur at all. Furthermore, despite the fact that the slit is a deep groove due to the use of nylon 6 that is excellent in flexibility, it was also resistant to wear, and the destruction of the slit portion was not confirmed.
  • Example 11 since the core ratio was increased, the protrusion width was increased, and the protrusions that were self-supported were formed after the abrasion treatment, and the durability was excellent.
  • Example 11 due to the reduction of the slit depth, the water absorption and the like are slightly reduced as compared with Example 6, but 4.4 times that of a normal round cross-section PET fiber. Water absorption height and sufficient water absorption performance. The results are shown in Table 4.
  • PET 1 (melt viscosity: 140 Pa ⁇ s) used in Example 1 is 0.3% by weight of titanium oxide having a maximum particle size of 5.0 ⁇ m and a particle size of 1.0 ⁇ m or less of 64.5% by weight as inorganic particles (PET 2). , 3.0 wt% (PET3), 7.0 wt% (PET4) -containing resin was prepared.
  • Example 12 This was carried out in accordance with Example 1 except that the sheath component was PET2, and the core component was PET3 (Example 12) and PET4 (Example 13).
  • Example 12 and Example 13 the effect of containing inorganic particles was not observed, and both had good cross-sectional formability, and a core-sheath composite fiber satisfying the requirements of the present invention similar to Example 1 was obtained. there were.
  • malachite green manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.
  • acetic acid 0.5 ml / L, sodium acetate 0.2 g / L, without elution of the sheath component from the core-sheath conjugate fiber of Example 12 and Example 13.
  • the fabric was dyed by the above-described method so that the dye exhaustion rate of the fabric was the same under the conditions of a bath ratio of 1: 100 and a temperature of 120 ° C., and using an SM color computer (manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.)
  • the L value was measured in a state where the irradiation light was not transmitted.
  • Example 12 determineation: A
  • Example 13 determination: S

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JP2018090936A (ja) * 2016-12-07 2018-06-14 株式会社クラレ 芯鞘複合繊維
US20180171513A1 (en) * 2016-11-17 2018-06-21 Drexel University Method to Produce Micro and Nanofibers with Controlled Diameter and Large Yield
CN110257935A (zh) * 2019-07-10 2019-09-20 广东工业大学 一种用于离心纺丝的储液与喷液的自动调节装置
JP2020105682A (ja) * 2018-12-25 2020-07-09 東レ株式会社 芯鞘複合繊維
US20200308778A1 (en) * 2017-11-03 2020-10-01 Polytex Sportbelage Produktions-Gmbh Production of an artificial turf fiber with a non-circular cladding
JPWO2020158530A1 (ja) * 2019-01-30 2021-12-02 東レ株式会社 撥水性織編物、その製造方法および衣料

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US20220064850A1 (en) * 2020-09-03 2022-03-03 Fitesa Simpsonville, Inc. Nonwoven fabric having improved fluid management properties
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TWI830258B (zh) * 2022-06-17 2024-01-21 立綺實業有限公司 芯鞘纖維及其織物
DE102023101636B3 (de) 2023-01-24 2024-04-18 Alexandra Plewnia Verfahren zum Herstellen einer hydrophoben Faser, Faser, Garn und textiles Flächengebilde
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