WO2016092760A1 - 検出装置と、これを用いた車両用制御装置 - Google Patents
検出装置と、これを用いた車両用制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016092760A1 WO2016092760A1 PCT/JP2015/005898 JP2015005898W WO2016092760A1 WO 2016092760 A1 WO2016092760 A1 WO 2016092760A1 JP 2015005898 W JP2015005898 W JP 2015005898W WO 2016092760 A1 WO2016092760 A1 WO 2016092760A1
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- detector
- detection device
- vehicle
- infrared
- seat
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
- B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
- B60R21/01512—Passenger detection systems
- B60R21/0153—Passenger detection systems using field detection presence sensors
- B60R21/01532—Passenger detection systems using field detection presence sensors using electric or capacitive field sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
- B60H1/00742—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models by detection of the vehicle occupants' presence; by detection of conditions relating to the body of occupants, e.g. using radiant heat detectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
- G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers
- G01V8/12—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers using one transmitter and one receiver
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
- H10N10/17—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the structure or configuration of the cell or thermocouple forming the device
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a detector that detects an object to be detected contactlessly, and a control apparatus for a vehicle including a detector in a vehicle compartment.
- a detector using an infrared camera can detect an object without contact.
- FIG. 33 is a top view of the conventional detector 201 disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- the detector 201 includes an operation unit 207, an imaging unit 212, and an image processing unit.
- the operation unit 207 is at a position where it can be operated by the driver 205 who sits on the driver's seat 203 near the vehicle centerline 202 and grips the steering wheel 204 and the non-driver 209 who sits on the non-driver's seat 206.
- the photographing unit 212 puts both the left hand 208 of the driver 205 and the right hand 210 of the non-driver 209 extended from the driver's seat 203 and the non-driver's seat 206 to the operation unit 207 into the photographing range.
- a predetermined range 211 on the near side is set so as to be able to be photographed.
- the image processing unit processes the image data by the photographing unit 212 and determines whether the operator is the driver 205 or the non-driver 209 based on the determination result of the operator who has reached the operation unit 207. Do.
- An occupant is detected in a non-contact manner by the detector, and the air conditioning control of the vehicle is performed based on the detection result of the detector.
- FIG. 34 shows a conventional vehicle control device 1 disclosed in Patent Document 2. As shown in FIG. In the vehicle control device 1, two first infrared sensors are disposed in the sensor casing 2. Infrared sensors are shown as one sensitive surface 3, 4 respectively. The sensitive surface 3 detects the driver's area 5 and the sensitive surface 4 detects the passenger's area 6.
- the sensor casing 7 with the second infrared sensor is located in the control unit or in the ceiling of the rear of the vehicle. It is placed inside.
- the second infrared sensor comprises two beam sensors. Among them, the sensitive surface 8 of the first beam sensor detects the area behind the driver's seat in the direction of the rear window, and the sensitive surface 9 of the second beam sensor is the area between the passenger seat and the rear window To detect
- Patent document 3 discloses the conventional infrared sensor which makes the length of a beam relatively long, for example by providing a plurality of bending parts in a beam.
- Patent Document 4 and Patent Document 5 also disclose the same conventional infrared sensor as described above.
- JP 2004-67031 A JP 2000-94923 A JP, 2006-170937, A JP, 2009-288066, A Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2010-048803
- the detection device is used with a vehicle having a cabin, a ceiling, a plurality of pillars, a driver's seat and a passenger seat.
- the detection device includes a detector which is installed on a ceiling or a plurality of pillars of a vehicle and which detects an object to be detected in a vehicle compartment in a noncontact manner, and a scanning unit which scans the detector.
- the detection device can accurately detect the temperature of the detection subject, and can control the air conditioning comfortably for the detection subject, for example.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a detection apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a front view of the detection device in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3A is a diagram for explaining the detection principle of the detection device in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of a detector of the detection device in Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3C is an enlarged view of another detector of the detection device in Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the vehicle control device in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5A is a top view of a vehicle provided with the vehicle control device in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5B is a view showing the inside of the vehicle shown in FIG. 5A.
- FIG. 6 is a front view of the vehicle control device in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5A is a top view of a vehicle provided with the vehicle control device in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5B is a view showing the inside of the vehicle shown in FIG. 5A.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an occupant operating the electronic device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a control device for a vehicle in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a front view of a detection device used for a vehicle control device according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. 10A is a top view of a vehicle on which the detection device according to Embodiment 2 is installed.
- FIG. 10B is a partially enlarged view of the inside of the vehicle shown in FIG. 10A.
- FIG. 11 is a side view of the vehicle in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a scanning unit of the vehicle control device in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a detection area of the detection device in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a dashboard in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a control apparatus for a vehicle in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a front view of the detection device of the vehicle control device in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a top view of the detection device in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram of a control device for a vehicle in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a front view of a detection device of a vehicle control device in a fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 20 is a top view of the detection device in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 21 is a block diagram of a control device for a vehicle in the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 22 is a front view of a detection device of a vehicle control device in a fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 22 is a front view of a detection device of a vehicle control device in a fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 23 is a top view of the detection device in the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a vehicle control system in the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 25 is a front view of the detection device in the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 26 is a top view of the detection device in the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 27 is a schematic view of the infrared sensor in the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 28A is a top view of an infrared detection unit of the infrared sensor according to the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 28B is a cross-sectional view of the infrared detection unit shown in FIG. 28A taken along line 28B-28B.
- FIG. 28C is a cross-sectional view taken along line 28C-28C of the infrared detection unit shown in FIG. 28A.
- FIG. 29A is a top view of an infrared detection unit of the infrared sensor according to the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 29B is a cross-sectional view of the infrared detector shown in FIG. 29A, taken along line 29B-29B.
- FIG. 29C is a cross-sectional view of the infrared detection unit shown in FIG. 29A taken along line 29C-29C.
- FIG. 30A is a top view of the outside line detection unit of the infrared ray sensor according to Embodiment 9.
- FIG. FIG. 30B is a cross-sectional view taken along line 30B-30B of the infrared detection unit shown in FIG. 30A.
- FIG. 30C is a cross-sectional view taken along line 30C-30C of the infrared detection unit shown in FIG. 30A.
- 31A is a top view of an infrared detection unit of the infrared sensor according to Embodiment 10.
- FIG. 31B is a cross-sectional view taken along line 31B-31B of the infrared ray detection unit shown in FIG. 31A.
- 31C is a cross-sectional view taken along line 31C-31C of the infrared ray detection unit shown in FIG. 31A.
- 32A is a top view of an infrared detection unit of the infrared sensor according to Embodiment 11.
- FIG. 32B is a cross-sectional view of the infrared detection unit shown in FIG.
- FIG. 33 is a top view of a conventional detector.
- FIG. 34 is a view showing a conventional vehicle control device.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the detection device 220 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a front view of the detection device 220. As shown in FIG.
- the detection device 220 includes a detector 221, a detector 222, and a processing unit 224.
- the processing unit 224 processes the outputs of the detector 221 and the detector 222 to measure a to-be-detected object 223 that emits infrared light, such as a person, an object such as a beverage or an electronic device, or a pet.
- the detection device 220 is a vehicle in which the object to be detected 223 moves such that the region to which the object to be detected 223 which is an occupant to be measured by the detection device 220 moves is the detection region of the detector 221 and the detection region of the detector 222 It is installed above the space such as a room or a house. That is, the detector 221 and the detector 222 are installed such that the detection subject 223 moves below the detector 221 and the detector 222 between the detector 221 and the detector 222.
- the side on which the detector 221 and the detector 222 in FIG. 2 are present is referred to as the upper side
- the side on which the object to be detected 223 is present is the downward side.
- the detectors 221 and 222 are located in the upward direction D220a, and the detection object 223 is located in the downward direction D220b.
- the object to be detected 223 is installed to be directed downward between the detector 221 and the detector 222 so that the object to be detected 223 enters each of the detection region 225 of the detector 221 and the detection region 226 of the detector 222.
- the processing of the output of the detector 221 and the detector 222 installed in this way by the processing unit 224 makes it possible to determine which of the detector 221 and the detector 222 the position of the detection object 223 is closer to, the detector 221
- the position of the object to be detected 223 projected in a direction perpendicular to the plane 228 is measured on the plane 228 where the straight line 227 connecting the sensor 222 and the detector 222 is a normal.
- the straight line 227 is perpendicular to the upward and downward directions D220a and D220b, and thus the plane 228 is parallel to the upward and downward directions D220a and D220b.
- the detector 221 and the detector 222 according to the first embodiment are formed of an infrared sensor, and can detect the object 223 without contact.
- the infrared sensor has a thermal infrared detection unit in which a temperature sensing unit is embedded, and the temperature sensing unit includes a thermopile that converts thermal energy of infrared radiation emitted from the detection object 223 into electrical energy.
- a thermoelectric converter is used.
- the infrared sensor has a plurality of pixel units each having a temperature sensitive portion and a MOS transistor for taking out the output voltage of the temperature sensitive portion.
- the number of the plurality of pixel portions is a ⁇ b, and they are arranged in a one-dimensional array shape or a two-dimensional array shape of a rows and b columns on one surface side of the semiconductor substrate.
- the pixel portion is composed of a noncontact infrared detection element. Note that the number of pixel portions may be a ⁇ 1 and b ⁇ 1, and the pixel portions in the first embodiment are configured to be 8 ⁇ 8.
- the effects of the first embodiment can be obtained by using a camera, a TOF sensor, or the like for the detectors 221 and 222, the use of an infrared sensor makes the detector 220 inexpensive and highly accurate. Can be provided.
- FIG. 3A is an explanatory view of a detection principle in the detection device 220.
- FIG. FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of the detector 221.
- FIG. 3C is an enlarged view of detector 222.
- the detectors 221 and 222 when installed without tilting are shown by broken lines.
- the inclination of the detectors 221 and 222 will be specifically described.
- the detectors 221 and 222 are infrared sensors 200 x having light receiving surfaces 221 a and 222 a for receiving infrared light, respectively.
- the above-described plurality of pixel units 200p which are respectively composed of the non-contact infrared detection elements 200y, are disposed along the light receiving surfaces 221a and 222a.
- Each of the detectors 221 and 222 has a detection range in which infrared light can be detected.
- These detection ranges extend through the centers 221c and 222c of the light receiving surfaces 221a and 222a, respectively, centering on central axes 221b and 222b extending at right angles to the light receiving surfaces 221a and 222a, and thus the detectors 221 and 222 are respectively central axes 221b , 222b as a center.
- Equation 1 By calculating the distance D from the detection device 220 to the object to be detected 223 using Equation 1, the position of the object to be detected 223 projected on the plane 228 in the direction perpendicular to the plane 228 can be calculated.
- the detection device 220 uses the detector 221 and the detector 222 so that not only whether the object to be detected 223 is at the detector 221 side or at the detector 222 side, the plane 228 is perpendicular to the plane 228 The position of the to-be-detected body 223 projected in the direction can be detected. Further, the object to be detected 223 can be accurately detected by a simple algorithm using Equation 1.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the vehicle control device 230.
- FIG. 5A is a top view of the vehicle 231.
- FIG. FIG. 5B shows the inside of the vehicle 231.
- FIG. 6 is a front view of the control device 230 for a vehicle.
- the vehicle 231 has a cabin 231a, a ceiling 231b, a plurality of pillars 234a, 234b, 237a, 237b, a driver's seat 233, and a passenger seat 236.
- the detector 221 is installed near the driver's seat 233 from the passenger seat 236, and the detector 222 is installed near the passenger seat 236 from the driver's seat 233.
- detector 221 is installed on B pillar 234b on the side of driver's seat 233 where driver 232 of vehicle 231 sits, and another side of passenger's seat 236 on which passenger's seat passenger 235 sits.
- the detector 222 is installed on the B-pillar 237b.
- the detector 221 and the detector 222 are connected to the processing unit 224, and the processing unit 224 processes the outputs of the detector 221 and the detector 222 to control the electronic device 238.
- the central axis 221b of the detector 221 and the central axis 222b of the detector 222 are directed to the seat 240 (driver's seat 233 and assistant seat 236) where the occupant 239 (the driver 232 and the assistant seat occupant 235) who is the detected object 223 sits.
- the center 221c of the detector 221 and the center 222c of the detector 222 are separated by 1500 mm.
- the seat 240 is centrally disposed in a front direction D231a (rear direction D231b) perpendicular to the upper direction D220a (lower direction D220b) of the vehicle 231.
- central axis 221b of the detector 221 and the central axis 222b of the detector 222 are inclined toward the windshield 241 of the vehicle 231 with respect to the straight line 227 connecting the centers 221c and 222c of the detectors 221 and 222. , 222 are installed.
- the detector 221 and the detector 222 are disposed at the center of the seat 240 in the forward direction D 231 a (rear direction D 231 b) so that the head 242 of the occupant 239 is within the detection region of the detector 221 or the detector closer to the detector 222. This makes it difficult for the entire body of the occupant 239 to enter the detection area on the far side of the detector 221 or the detector 222. Therefore, the detection accuracy of the occupant 239 of the vehicle control device 230 can be improved.
- the detectors 221 and the detector 222 can not easily enter the field of vision of the occupant 239 and interfere with driving. do not become. Therefore, it is possible to detect the motion of the occupant 239 with high accuracy without impairing the comfort of the occupant 239.
- the position of the detectors 221 and 222 in the forward direction D 231 a (backward direction D 231 b) to the B pillars 234 b and 237 b is preferably the center of the seat 240, but the detector 221 is closer to the windshield 241 than the center.
- 222 can prevent the head 242 of the occupant 239 sitting nearer from getting in the way. That is, when the occupant 239 is at a position close to the detector 221 or the detector 222, the detection region of the detector 221 is occupied by the head 242 of the driver 232, or the detection region of the detector 222 is the occupant 239 of the passenger seat 236. It is possible to prevent false detection due to being occupied by the head 242 of the
- the detectors 221 and 222 are installed with the central axes 221b and 222b inclined in the downward direction D220b where the seat 240 is located with respect to the horizontal direction H220, the detector 221 or 222 detects the entire body of the occupant 239 Can be detected, and the occupant 239 can be detected accurately.
- the distance L between the center 221 c of the detector 221 and the center 222 c of the detector 222 is 1500 mm
- the distance L can be appropriately changed depending on the vehicle 231 in which the vehicle control device 230 is installed.
- the vehicle control device 230 can be adapted to a general passenger car, which is preferable.
- the detectors 221 and 222 are installed with the central axes 221b and 222b inclined toward the windshield 241 of the vehicle 231 with respect to the straight line 227, the occupants 239 closer to the detectors 221 and 222 are Further, the factors that cause the detection error as the occupant 239 farther from the detectors 221 and 222 can be further reduced, and the occupant 239 can be accurately detected.
- FIG. 7 shows an occupant 239 operating the electronic device 238.
- the electronic device 238 controlled by the vehicle control device 230 is an air conditioner and a car navigation.
- An operation panel 244 for car navigation is installed above the switch 243 of the air conditioner. Control of the electronic device 238 by the vehicle control device 230 in this state will be described. Control of the electronic device 238 of the vehicle control device 230 is shown in Table 1.
- the processing unit 224 determines that the front passenger seat passenger 235 intends to operate the air conditioner. At this time, the processing unit 224 turns on the switch 243 of the air conditioner, and controls the switch 243 of the air conditioner so as to be easily operated.
- the processing unit 224 detects that the hand 245 is closer to the operation panel 244 above the switch 243 of the air conditioner.
- the control panel 244 controls the display of the operation panel 244 so that the passenger seat passenger 235 can easily operate, such as activating the operation panel 244 or displaying a necessary screen such as a search screen on the operation panel 244.
- the vehicle control device 230 can detect the movement of the detection object 223 in the direction parallel to the flat surface 228, the occupant 239 determines which of the electronic devices 238 the electronic device 238 is to operate. It can be controlled to be easy to operate, and the comfort of the occupant 239 can be improved.
- the driver 232 since it is possible to detect whether the object to be detected 223 is closer to or closer to the detector 221 among the detectors 221 and 222, the driver 232 operates the vehicle 231 while the vehicle 231 is traveling.
- the electronic device 238 can be controlled so as not to be in a dangerous state, so the safety of the vehicle 231 can be improved.
- the control method of the electronic device 238 is not limited to the above method.
- the disk may be discharged by another method.
- Electronics 238 may be controlled to improve the comfort of 239.
- the detector 221 and the detector 222 are installed on the B pillars 234b and 237b, even if they are installed on the A pillars 234a and 237a instead of the B pillars 234b and 237b, the detector 221 and the visual field of the occupant 239 are visible. Since the detector 222 is hard to enter, the motion of the occupant 239 can be detected without giving a discomfort to the occupant 239.
- the conventional detector 201 disclosed in Patent Document 1 can not distinguish between a driver and a non-driver with respect to electrical devices other than the operation unit in a vehicle equipped with a plurality of electronic devices in the vertical direction.
- the vehicle control device 230 detects not only the discrimination of the detection object 340 in the left-right direction but also the movement of the upward D220a and the downward D220b to control the electronic device 238. Since it can be performed, it is particularly useful for control of the air conditioners of the vehicle 231 or a house.
- the detector 221 is installed closer to the driver's seat 233 than the passenger's seat 236.
- the detector 222 is installed near the passenger seat 236 from the driver's seat 233.
- the detection device 220 detects the movement of the occupant 239 in the direction of the plane 228 in which a straight line 227 connecting the detector 221 and the detector 222 is a normal from the output of the detector 221 and the output of the detector 222 And 224.
- Each of the detector 221 and the detector 222 is configured of an infrared sensor 200x having a plurality of infrared detection elements 200y arranged in a one-dimensional array or a two-dimensional array.
- the processing unit 224 includes a distance L between the detector 221 and the detector 222, an inclination angle ⁇ of the detector 221, an inclination angle ⁇ of the detector 222, a focal distance f of the detector 221 and the detector 222,
- the detector 221 and the detector are based on the distance Ca from the center 221c of the light receiving surface 221a of the detector 221 to the thermal center of gravity 221d of the occupant and the distance Cb from the center 222c of the light receiving surface of the detector 222 to the thermal center of gravity 222d of the occupant
- the distance D in the direction orthogonal to the straight line connecting the detector 221 and the detector 222 from 222 to the occupant
- the vehicle control device 230 is provided in a vehicle 231 in which the electronic device 238 is mounted.
- the vehicle control device 230 includes a detection device 220, and a processing unit 224 that controls an electronic device by the output of the detector 221 and the output of the detector 222.
- the detector 221 and the detector 222 It is provided in the chamber 231a.
- the detector 221 and the detector 222 may be installed inclining toward the windshield 241 of the vehicle 231 with respect to a straight line 227 connecting the detector 221 and the detector 222.
- the detector 221 and the detector 222 may be installed on a plurality of A pillars 234 a and 237 a or a plurality of B pillars 234 b and 237 b of the vehicle 231.
- Detector 221 is installed such that when the occupant is on the side of detector 222, the entire occupant enters detection area 225 of detector 221, and detector 222 is on the side of detector 221 when the occupant is The entire occupant may be installed to enter the detection area 226 of the detector 222.
- the distance between the detector 221 and the detector 222 may be 500 mm or more and less than 1500 mm.
- the processing unit 224 may determine from the output of the detector 221 and the output of the detector 222 whether the occupant is on the side of the detector 221 or the side of the detector 222.
- the processing unit 224 may control the electronic device and may not control the other electronic devices.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the vehicle control device 17 according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a front view of the detection device 11 used in the control device 17 for a vehicle.
- FIG. 10A is a top view of the vehicle 12 in which the detection device 11 is installed.
- FIG. 10B is an enlarged view showing the inside of the vehicle 12.
- FIG. 11 is a side view of the vehicle 12.
- the detection device 11 has a detector 13 installed in the vehicle 12 and a scanning unit 14 that scans the detector 13.
- the detector 13 comprises a detector 15 and a detector 16.
- the vehicle control device 17 has the detection device 11, a detector interface (I / F) circuit 18 connected to the detector 15, and a detector I / F circuit 19 connected to the detector 16. doing.
- the control device 17 for a vehicle from the outputs of the detector I / F circuit 18 and the detector I / F circuit 19, a person, an object such as a beverage or an electronic device, an object such as a beverage or an electronic device such as a pet
- the thermal sensation of the occupant 20 indicates the degree of heat or cold felt by the occupant 20.
- the infrared sensor has a thermal infrared detection unit in which a temperature sensing unit is embedded, and the temperature sensing unit includes a thermopile configured to convert thermal energy by infrared radiation emitted from the detection object into electrical energy. A converter is used.
- a ⁇ b pixel portions 24 each having a temperature sensitive portion and a MOS transistor for taking out the output voltage of the temperature sensitive portion are two-dimensional of a row b column on one surface side of the semiconductor substrate They are arranged in an array.
- the pixel section 24 is composed of a noncontact infrared detection element.
- the pixel portions 24 in the second embodiment are arranged in a matrix of 8 rows and 8 columns.
- the vehicle 12 has a cabin 12a, a ceiling 30, a plurality of pillars 31a, 31b, 91a, 91b, a driver's seat 25, and a passenger's seat 26.
- the direction connecting the driver's seat 25 and the assistant's seat 26 is defined as the direction of the X axis.
- the direction from the passenger seat 26 to the driver's seat 25 is defined as the positive direction of the X axis
- the direction from the driver's seat 25 to the passenger seat 26 is defined as the negative direction of the X axis.
- the direction connecting the front glass 27 and the rear glass 28 is defined as the direction of the Y axis.
- the direction from the rear glass 28 toward the windshield 27 is defined as the positive direction of the Y axis, and the direction from the windshield 27 toward the rear glass 28 is defined as the negative direction of the Y axis.
- the direction connecting the floor surface 29 and the ceiling 30 is defined as the direction of the Z axis.
- the direction from the floor surface 29 to the ceiling 30 is defined as the positive direction of the Z axis, and the direction from the ceiling 30 to the floor surface 29 is defined as the negative direction of the Z axis.
- the X, Y and Z axes are at right angles to one another.
- the detector 15 is installed on the B-pillar 31 b on the driver's seat 25 side of the vehicle 12, and the detector 16 is installed on the B-pillar 91 b on the passenger seat 26 side. As described above, the detector 15 is installed closer to the driver's seat 25 than the passenger seat 26, and the detector 16 is installed closer to the passenger seat 26 than the driver's seat 25.
- the occupant 20 is installed in the detection area 32 of the detector 15 and the detector 16.
- the detectors 15 and 16 are disposed at a central position in the direction of the Y axis of the seats (driver's seat 25 and passenger's seat 26).
- detectors 15 and 16 are installed in the B-pillars 31b and 91b, it is difficult for the occupant 20 to enter the field of view of the occupant 20, and the occupant 20 can be detected without giving the occupant 20 a sense of discomfort.
- the detectors 15 and 16 may be installed not on the B-pillars 31b and 91b but on the A-pillars 31a and 91a, but installing them on the B-pillars 31b and 91b makes it easier to detect the entire body of the occupant 20. .
- detector 15 and detector 16 are arranged at the center position of the seat in the Y-axis direction, the present invention is not limited to this, and the positions to be arranged may be changed appropriately according to the structure of vehicle 12.
- the detectors 15 and 16 respectively have light receiving surfaces 15a and 16a for detecting infrared rays.
- the detectors 15, 16 each have a detection range capable of detecting infrared radiation.
- the above-described plurality of pixel units 24 each formed of a noncontact infrared detection element are disposed along the light receiving surfaces 15a and 16a. These detection ranges extend through the centers 15c and 16c of the light receiving surfaces 15a and 16a, respectively, around the central axes 15b and 16b extending at right angles to the light receiving surfaces 15a and 16a, and thus the detectors 15 and 16 are central axes 15b, It has directivity centered on 16b.
- the central axis 15 b of the detector 15 and the central axis 16 b of the detector 16 are 60 ° in the negative direction of the Z axis of the vehicle 12 with respect to the direction connecting the center 15 c of the detector 15 and the center 16 c of the detector 16 Detectors 15 and 16 are installed at an inclination. By installing in this manner, it is possible to detect the temperature of the hands and knees of the occupant 20, so it becomes easy to detect the entire body of the occupant 20.
- the central axis 15b of the detector 15 and the central axis 16b of the detector 16 are inclined at an angle of 60 ° in the negative direction of the Z axis, the present invention is not limited to this. You may.
- the angles of the detector 15 and the detector 16 can be changed according to the structure of the vehicle 12. Therefore, the detection device 11 can be applied to various vehicles 12.
- FIG. 12 shows the scanning of the detector 15 by the scanning unit 14.
- FIG. 13 shows the detection areas 32, 34 of the detector 15 scanned.
- the pixel unit 24 is scanned by a half of the length Da of the long axis 33 direction of the pixel unit 24 of the detector 15 (the longest portion of the pixel unit 24), that is, Da / 2.
- the detection area 34 of the detector 15 obtained as a result is indicated by a broken line.
- the length Da is an example for the purpose of description, and is not limited to this. The length Da may be set appropriately according to the application condition of the detection device 11.
- the scanning unit 14 is configured by a device such as a motor for rotating the detector 15 (16), and the detector 15 is moved in the direction of the long axis 33 of the pixel unit 24 every predetermined time around the rotation shaft 35. And scan for a predetermined distance.
- the detector 15 detects an infrared ray each time it is scanned, and when the scanning is completed, the temperature distribution obtained by the detector I / F circuit 18 is added to obtain a temperature distribution. By adding the temperature distribution, the resolution of the obtained temperature distribution is increased.
- the detector 15 which has completed the scanning is scanned in the reverse direction, and similarly, detects an infrared ray every time it is scanned by the distance Da, and acquires a high resolution temperature distribution when the reverse direction scanning is completed.
- the temperature of the occupant 20 and the temperature of the background of the seat or the like can be separated, and the temperature of the occupant 20 can be accurately measured. Further, by obtaining the temperature distribution with high resolution, it is possible to discriminate the occupant 20, for example, to discriminate the driver 36 and the passenger seat occupant 37 with high accuracy. Moreover, the detection precision of the detector 15 and the detector 16 improves by this, the precision of estimation of a thermal sensation can be improved, and air conditioning can be controlled optimally. Since the air conditioning can be optimally controlled, the fuel consumption of the vehicle 12 can be improved, and the comfort of the occupant 20 can be improved.
- the processing unit 21 calculates the thermal sensation based on the temperature distribution obtained by the detector 15 and the detector 16, and the setting unit 39 in which the threshold value used to estimate the thermal sensation is set. It consists of
- the air conditioner 22 includes a control unit 23 that controls the air conditioner 22, a louver 40, a compressor 41, and a fan 42.
- the louver 40, the compressor 41 and the fan 42 are connected to the control unit 23.
- the control unit 23 controls the air conditioning by controlling the louver 40, the compressor 41, and the fan 42 according to the output of the calculation unit 38.
- the calculation unit 38 obtains a temperature distribution from the output of the detector 15 and the output of the detector 16.
- the calculation unit 38 determines the temperature of the occupant 20 and the background temperature of a seat or the like from the temperature distribution obtained from the detector 15 and the detector 16.
- the calculation unit 38 calculates an average value of the temperature of the occupant 20 (hereinafter, described as the temperature of the occupant 20), and estimates the thermal sensation of the occupant 20 from the temperature of the occupant 20 and the background temperature.
- the thermal sensation is set according to the thermal sensation of the occupant 20, such as "hot”, “very hot”, “cold”, “very cold”, “just right”, etc. Stage.
- the air conditioner 22 is controlled in accordance with the estimation result of the thermal sensation. For example, when the computing unit 38 estimates that the thermal sensation of the occupant 20 is at a stage where the occupant 20 feels "hot", the arithmetic unit 38 controls the air conditioner 22 to lower the set temperature for cooling, or Do. The arithmetic unit 38 controls the air conditioner 22 in accordance with the thermal sensation estimation result, and then stands by for a predetermined time for the thermal sensation estimation process. If the thermal sensation of the occupant 20 is not in the stage of feeling "just right" after the predetermined time has elapsed, the air conditioner 22 is controlled in accordance with the estimation result of the thermal sensation at that time. Thus, the air conditioner 22 is frequently controlled by performing estimation of the thermal sensation and control of the air conditioner 22 according to the thermal sensation after a predetermined time has elapsed, and the occupant 20 feels discomfort. Can be prevented.
- FIG. 14 shows a dashboard 43 of the vehicle 12 in the second embodiment.
- the detection device 11 includes a detector 15 provided on the driver's seat 25 side, a detector 16 provided on the passenger's seat 26 side, a detector I / F circuit 18, and a detector I / F.
- the detector 15 and the detector 16 are installed at an angle of 60 ° in the negative direction of the Z axis of the vehicle 12 with respect to the direction connecting the center 15 c of the detector 15 and the center 16 c of the detector 16 .
- the detectors 15 and 16 are scanned in the direction of the Y axis. That is, the central axis 15b of the detector 15 and the central axis 16b of the detector 16 rotate on a plane including the Y axis.
- an outlet 44, an outlet 45, an outlet 46, and an outlet 47 are provided in order from the driver's seat 25 to the assistant's seat 26.
- the driver 36 and the passenger seat occupant 37 are determined from the output of the detector 15 and the output of the detector 16, and the thermal sensation of the driver 36 and the thermal sensation of the passenger seat occupant 37
- the air conditioner 22 is controlled to be different between the driver 36 and the passenger seat occupant 37 according to the estimation result of the thermal sensation. That is, the air blowing from the air outlet 44 and the air outlet 45 on the driver 36 side is controlled according to the thermal sensation of the driver 36, and the air blowing from the air outlet 46 and the air outlet 47 on the passenger seat 26 side is the passenger seat Control is performed according to the thermal sensation of the occupant 37.
- the comfort of the occupant 20 can be further improved.
- the conventional vehicle control device 1 shown in FIG. 34 can not detect the entire body of the occupant, and it is difficult to control the air conditioning so that the occupant is comfortable.
- the air blowing from the air outlet 44 and the air blowing from the air outlet 45 are controlled differently depending on the vehicle 12 to which the detection device 11 of the second embodiment is applied, and the air blowing from the air outlet 46 and the air blowing from the air outlet 47 May be controlled differently.
- the comfort of the occupant 20 can be further improved by performing individual control also on the outlet located on the same side of the occupant 20.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a vehicle control device 52 in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a front view of the detection device 51 of the vehicle control device 52.
- FIG. 17 is a top view of the detection device 51.
- the same parts as those of the control device 17 and the detection device 11 in the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are designated by the same reference numerals.
- the detector 51 in the third embodiment is different from the detector 11 in the second embodiment in the arrangement and scanning of the detectors 13 (the detectors 15 and 16).
- the detection device 51 in the third embodiment has a detector 13 installed in the vehicle 12.
- the detector 13 comprises a detector 15 and a detector 16.
- the vehicle control device 52 further includes a detection device 51, a detector I / F circuit 18 connected to the detector 15, and a detector I / F circuit 19 connected to the detector 16. There is.
- the detectors 15 and 16 are connected to the scanning unit 14.
- the processing unit 21 that estimates the thermal sensation of the occupant 20 from the outputs of the detector I / F circuit 18 and the detector I / F circuit 19, and the control unit 23 that controls the air conditioner 22 based on the estimation result of the thermal sensation. And.
- the detector 15 is installed on the B-pillar 31 b on the driver's seat 25 side of the vehicle 12, and the detector 16 is installed on the B-pillar 91 b on the passenger seat 26 side. Since the detectors 15 and 16 are installed in the B pillars 31b and 91b, it is difficult for the occupant 20 to enter the field of view of the occupant 20, and the occupant 20 can be detected without giving the occupant 20 a sense of discomfort. .
- the central axis 15b of the detector 15 and the central axis 16b of the detector 16 are inclined at an angle of 10 to 15 ° in the positive direction of the Y axis, and the detectors 15 and 16 are installed. By installing in this manner, it is possible to prevent that the head of the occupant 20 closer to the detector 15 and the detector 16 becomes an obstacle and the occupant 20 on the opposite side can not be detected. As a result, the accuracy of the determination of the driver 36 and the front passenger seat occupant 37 is further improved.
- the detectors 15 and 16 are scanned in the Z-axis direction by the scanning unit 14. That is, the central axis 15b of the detector 15 and the central axis 16b of the detector 16 rotate on a plane including the Z axis.
- the thermal sensation of the occupant 20 is estimated from the output of the detector 15 and the output of the detector 16, and the air conditioner 22 is controlled according to the estimation result of the thermal sensation. As a result, the occupant 20 can control the comfortable air conditioner 22.
- the detectors 15 and 16 are installed at an angle of 10 to 15 ° in the positive direction of the Y axis, the angle may be changed as appropriate depending on the structure of the vehicle 12.
- the detection device 51 can change the angles of the detectors 15 and 16 depending on the structure of the vehicle 12, and therefore, can be applied to various vehicles 12.
- the detection device 51 can detect the temperature of the hand of the occupant 20 and knees in detail. As a result, the detection accuracy of the detectors 15 and 16 can be improved, and the estimation accuracy of the thermal sensation can be improved. As a result, the air conditioning can be optimally controlled, so the fuel efficiency of the vehicle 12 can be improved, and the comfort of the occupant 20 can be improved.
- the detection device 51 can measure the detailed temperature distribution of the occupant 20, it is possible to estimate the thermal sensation of each occupant 20 with respect to the driver 36 and the passenger 37 in the front passenger seat.
- the air conditioner 22 may be controlled for each occupant 20 using the estimation result of the thermal sensation for each occupant 20. By controlling in this manner, the comfort of the occupant 20 can be improved.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram of a vehicle control device 62 according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a front view of the detection device 61 of the vehicle control device 62.
- FIG. 20 is a top view of the detection device 61.
- the detection device 61 in the fourth embodiment is different from the detection device 11 in the second embodiment in the arrangement and scanning of the detectors 13 (the detectors 15 and 16).
- the detection device 61 in the fourth embodiment has a detector 13 installed in the vehicle 12, and the detector 13 comprises a detector 15 and a detector 16. Further, the vehicle control device 62 has a detection device 61, a detector I / F circuit 18 connected to the detector 15, and a detector I / F circuit 19 connected to the detector 16. .
- the detectors 15 and 16 are connected to the scanning unit 14.
- the processing unit 21 that estimates the thermal sensation of the occupant 20 from the outputs of the detector I / F circuit 18 and the detector I / F circuit 19, and the control unit 23 that controls the air conditioner 22 based on the estimation result of the thermal sensation. And.
- the detectors 15 and 16 are installed near the center between the driver's seat 25 and the passenger's seat 26 and between the room mirror 30a and the room lamp 30b in a top view from the ceiling 30 of the vehicle 12.
- the light receiving surface 15 a of the detector 15 is installed facing the driver's seat 25, and the light receiving surface 16 a of the detector 16 is installed facing the passenger seat 26. Since the detectors 15 and 16 are installed on the ceiling 30, they are difficult to enter the field of vision of the occupant 20, and the occupant 20 can be detected without giving the occupant 20 a sense of discomfort.
- the central axis 15b of the detector 15 and the central axis 16b of the detector 16 are inclined at an angle of 45 ° in the negative direction of the Z axis with respect to the direction connecting the center 15c of the detector 15 and the center 16c of the detector 16 is set up.
- the detectors 15 and 16 are scanned by the scanning unit 14 in the direction of the Y axis. That is, the central axis 15b of the detector 15 and the central axis 16b of the detector 16 rotate on a plane including the Y axis.
- the processing unit 21 estimates the thermal sensation of the occupant 20 from the output of the detector 15 and the output of the detector 16, and the control unit 23 controls the air conditioner 22 according to the estimation result of the thermal sensation.
- the occupant 20 can control the comfortable air conditioner 22.
- the central axis 15b of the detector 15 and the central axis 16b of the detector 16 are inclined at an angle of 45 ° in the negative direction of the Z-axis, the present invention is not limited to this. You may change it.
- the detector 61 can detect the temperature of the hand of the occupant 20 and knees in detail by scanning the detector 15 and the detector 16 in the direction of the Y axis. As a result, the detection accuracy of the detectors 15 and 16 can be improved, and the estimation accuracy of the thermal sensation can be improved. As a result, the air conditioning can be optimally controlled, so the fuel efficiency of the vehicle 12 can be improved, and the comfort of the occupant 20 can be improved.
- the detection device 61 is installed near the center between the driver's seat 25 and the passenger seat 26 and between the rearview mirror 30a and the rear room lamp 30b in top view, the installation angle does not depend on the vehicle type. It can be installed in various vehicles 12.
- the detection device 61 can measure the detailed temperature distribution of the occupant 20, it is also possible to estimate the thermal sensation of each occupant 20 of the driver 36 and the passenger 37 of the front passenger seat.
- the air conditioner 22 may be controlled for each occupant 20 using the estimation result of the thermal sensation for each occupant 20. By controlling in this manner, the comfort of the occupant 20 can be improved.
- FIG. 21 is a block diagram of a vehicle control device 72 according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 22 is a front view of the detection device 71 of the vehicle control device 72.
- FIG. 23 is a top view of the detection device 71.
- FIG. In FIGS. 21 to 23, the same parts as those of the control device 17 and the detection device 11 in the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are given the same reference numerals.
- the detector 71 in the fifth embodiment is different from the detector 11 in the second embodiment in the arrangement and scanning of the detectors 13 (the detectors 15 and 16).
- the detection device 71 in the fifth embodiment has a detector 13 installed in the vehicle 12, and the detector 13 comprises a detector 15 and a detector 16. Further, the vehicle control device 72 has a detection device 71, a detector I / F circuit 18 connected to the detector 15, and a detector I / F circuit 19 connected to the detector 16. .
- the detectors 15 and 16 are connected to the scanning unit 14.
- the processing unit 21 that estimates the thermal sensation of the occupant 20 from the outputs of the detector I / F circuit 18 and the detector I / F circuit 19, and the control unit 23 that controls the air conditioner 22 based on the estimation result of the thermal sensation. And.
- the detectors 15 and 16 are installed near the center between the driver's seat 25 and the passenger's seat 26 and between the room mirror 30a and the room lamp 30b in a top view of the ceiling 30 of the vehicle 12.
- the light receiving surface 15 a of the detector 15 is installed facing the driver's seat 25, and the light receiving surface 16 a of the detector 16 is installed facing the passenger seat 26. Since the detectors 15 and 16 are installed on the ceiling 30, they are difficult to enter the field of vision of the occupant 20, and the occupant 20 can be detected without giving the occupant 20 a sense of discomfort.
- the detectors 15 and 16 are scanned by the scanning unit 14 in the direction of the Z axis. That is, the central axis 15b of the detector 15 and the central axis 16b of the detector 16 rotate on a plane including the Z axis.
- the processing unit 21 estimates the thermal sensation of the occupant 20 from the output of the detector 15 scanned by the scanning unit 14 and the output of the detector 16, and the control unit 23 controls the air conditioner 22 according to the estimation result of the thermal sensation. Control. As a result, the occupant 20 can control the comfortable air conditioner 22.
- the angle of the detector 15 and the detector 16 can be changed according to the structure of the vehicle 12, so that the detection device 71 can be applied to various vehicles 12.
- the detection device 71 can detect the temperature of the hand of the occupant 20 and knees in detail. As a result, the detection accuracy of the detectors 15 and 16 can be improved, and the estimation accuracy of the thermal sensation can be improved. As a result, the air conditioning can be optimally controlled, so the fuel efficiency of the vehicle 12 can be improved, and the comfort of the occupant 20 can be improved.
- the detection device 71 can measure the detailed temperature distribution of the occupant 20, it is also possible to estimate the thermal sensation of each occupant 20 of the driver 36 and the passenger 37 of the front passenger seat.
- the air conditioner 22 may be controlled for each occupant 20 using the estimation result of the thermal sensation for each occupant 20. By controlling in this manner, the comfort of the occupant 20 can be improved.
- the detectors 15 and 16 may be installed on the rearview mirror 30a or the room lamp 30b.
- the detectors 15 and 16 can look over the entire interior of the vehicle 12 by being installed on the room mirror 30 a and the room lamp 30 b.
- the detector 15 and the detector 16 may be installed in front of the driver's seat 25 and the assistant's seat 26. By installing in front of the driver's seat 25 and the passenger's seat 26, the detector 15 and the detector 16 can detect the temperature of the face of the occupant 20 from the front, and can estimate the thermal sensation more accurately. .
- FIG. 24 is a block diagram of a vehicle control device 83 according to the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 25 is a front view of the detection device 81 of the vehicle control device 83.
- FIG. 26 is a top view of the detection device 81.
- the detection device 81 in the sixth embodiment has a detector 82 installed in the vehicle 12.
- the vehicle control device 83 has a detection device 81, a detector I / F circuit 84 connected to the detector 82, and a scanning unit 14 for scanning the detector 82.
- the processing unit 21 estimates the thermal sensation of the occupant 20 from the output of the detector I / F circuit 84, and the control unit 23 controls the air conditioner 22 based on the estimation result of the thermal sensation.
- the detector 82 is installed near the center between the driver's seat 25 and the passenger's seat 26 and between the room mirror 30 a and the room lamp 30 b in a top view of the ceiling 30 of the vehicle 12. Since the detector 82 is installed on the ceiling 30, it is difficult to enter the view of the occupant 20, and the occupant 20 can be detected without giving the occupant 20 a sense of discomfort.
- the central axis 82 b of the detector 82 is scanned by the scanning unit 14 from the state of facing the driver's seat 25 side in the horizontal direction parallel to the ceiling 30 so as to face the driver's seat 25. It is scanned to face the direction, then scanned to face the passenger seat 26, and then scanned to face the passenger seat 26 in a direction parallel to the ceiling 30. From the state of facing the passenger seat 26 in the direction parallel to the ceiling 30, scanning is performed in the reverse direction until the driver's seat 25 in the direction parallel to the ceiling 30 is turned. Thus, the central axis 82 b of the detector 82 is scanned in the direction connecting the driver's seat 25 and the passenger's seat 26.
- the processing unit 21 estimates the thermal sensation of the occupant 20 from the output of the detector 13 scanned by the scanning unit 14, and the control unit 23 controls the air conditioner 22 according to the estimation result of the thermal sensation. As a result, the air conditioner 22 can be controlled to make the occupant 20 comfortable.
- the detection device 81 can detect the temperature of the hand of the occupant 20 and knees in detail by scanning the detector 82 in the direction of the X-axis. As a result, the detection accuracy of the detector 82 can be improved, and the estimation accuracy of the thermal sensation can be improved. Since the air conditioning can be optimally controlled, the fuel consumption of the vehicle 12 can be improved, and the comfort of the occupant 20 can be improved.
- the vehicle control device 83 can be provided at low cost.
- the detection device 81 can measure the detailed temperature distribution of the occupant 20, it is also possible to estimate the thermal sensation of each occupant 20 of the driver 36 and the passenger 37 of the front passenger seat.
- the air conditioner 22 may be controlled for each occupant 20 using the estimation result of the thermal sensation for each occupant 20. By controlling in this manner, the comfort of the occupant 20 can be improved.
- the vehicle 12 has the passenger compartment 12a, the ceiling 30, the plurality of pillars 31b, 91b (31a, 91a), the driver's seat 25, and the passenger's seat 26.
- the detection devices 11, 51, 61, 71, 81 are used with the vehicle 12.
- the detection device 11 includes a detector 13 which detects the occupant 20 in the passenger compartment 12 a in a noncontact manner, and a scanning unit 14 which scans the detector 13.
- the detector 13 is installed on a ceiling 30 or a pillar 31 a (31 b) of the vehicle 12.
- the detector 13 may have a detector 15 installed closer to the driver's seat 25 than the passenger's seat 26 and a detector 16 installed closer to the passenger's seat 26 than the driver's seat 25.
- the plurality of pillars includes a plurality of B pillars 31 b and 91 b.
- the detector 15 and the detector 16 are installed on a plurality of B-pillars 31 b and 91 b.
- Vehicle 12 further includes a windshield 27 facing compartment 12a and a rear glass 28 facing compartment 12a.
- the scanning unit 14 may scan the detectors 15 and 16 in a direction from the direction toward the windshield 27 toward the rear glass 28.
- the detector 15 and the detector 16 may be inclined in a direction toward the windshield 27 with respect to a direction connecting the detector 15 and the detector 16.
- the vehicle 12 further includes a floor surface 29 facing the passenger compartment 12a.
- the scanning unit 14 may scan the detectors 15 and 16 in a direction from the direction toward the floor surface 29 toward the ceiling 30.
- the detector 15 and the detector 16 may be installed between the driver's seat 25 and the passenger's seat 26 as viewed from the ceiling 30.
- the scanning unit 14 may scan the detectors 15 and 16 in a direction from the direction toward the floor surface 29 toward the ceiling 30.
- the scanning unit 14 may scan the detector 13 in a direction connecting the driver's seat 25 and the assistant's seat 26.
- the vehicle control device 17 (52, 62, 72, 83) includes the detection device 11 (51, 61, 71, 81) and the control unit 23.
- the control unit 23 estimates the thermal sensation of the occupant 20 from the output of the vehicle control detection device 11 (51, 61, 71, 81), and controls the air conditioner 22 provided in the vehicle according to the thermal sensation. Is configured as.
- the air conditioner 22 may be provided on the driver's seat 25 side.
- the control unit 23 estimates the thermal sensation of the occupant in the passenger seat, and the assistant of the vehicle 12 according to the estimated thermal sensation.
- the air conditioner 22 provided on the side of the seat 26 may be configured to be controlled.
- FIG. 27 is a schematic view of the infrared sensor 480 in the seventh embodiment.
- the pixel unit 481 has an infrared detection unit 483a and a MOS transistor which is a pixel selection switching element.
- a plurality of pixel portions 481 are arranged in a two-dimensional array (matrix) on one surface side of the substrate 403.
- 8 ⁇ 8 pixel portions 481 are formed on one surface side of the substrate 403, but the number and arrangement of the pixel portions 481 are limited to this. It is not a thing.
- the infrared sensor 480 functions as the detectors 221 and 222 in the first embodiment and the detectors 15 and 16 in the second to sixth embodiments.
- the pixel portion 481 functions as the pixel portion 200p in Embodiment 1 and the pixel portion 24 in Embodiments 2 to 6.
- the infrared sensor 480 has a vertical readout line for reading out the signal from the infrared detection unit 483a so as to correspond to the infrared detection unit 483a of each column.
- the drain electrode of the MOS transistor is connected to the infrared detection unit 483a, and the source electrode of the MOS transistor is connected to the vertical readout line.
- the respective vertical readout lines are commonly connected.
- the infrared sensor 480 has a horizontal signal line that switches on / off of the switch of the MOS transistor so as to correspond to the infrared detection unit 483a of each row. That is, the gate electrode of the MOS transistor is connected to the horizontal signal line.
- the respective horizontal signal lines are commonly connected.
- each infrared detection unit 483a is connected to a reference potential via a reference bias line corresponding to the infrared detection unit 483a of each column.
- the reference bias lines are commonly connected via a common ground line.
- Each vertical readout line, each reference bias line, each horizontal signal line, and the common ground line are electrically connected to the pad 482. With such a connection, by controlling the potential of each pad 482 so that the MOS transistor is sequentially turned on, the output of each infrared detection unit 483a can be read out in time series. Then, the signal output from each infrared detection unit 483a is output to the signal processing circuit 499 and amplified by the signal processing circuit 499.
- FIG. 28A is a top view of the infrared detection unit 483a.
- FIG. 28B is a cross-sectional view taken along line 28B-28B of the infrared detection unit 483a shown in FIG. 28A.
- FIG. 28C is a cross-sectional view taken along line 28C-28C of the infrared detection unit 483a shown in FIG. 28A.
- the infrared sensor 480 includes a substrate 403 having a hollow portion 401 and a support portion 402, an infrared absorption portion 404 disposed on the hollow portion 401, and a support portion 402 and an infrared absorption portion 404 disposed on the hollow portion 401.
- FIG. Beam portion 405 faces hollow portion 401.
- the beam 405 is connected to the support 402 and has opposite ends 405a, 405b and extends in the direction D405 from the end 405a to the end 405b.
- the connection portion 406 extends from the beam portion 405 toward the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 in a direction D406 different from the direction D405. By doing this, the lengths of the beam portion 405 and the connection portion 406 can be shortened, and the warpage of the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 can be reduced.
- the connecting portion 406 preferably extends from the center 405 c of the beam portion 405 toward the infrared ray absorbing portion 404.
- center and center mean the degree to which design deviation is allowed, meaning that they are substantially center and center.
- the support 402 is provided with a cold junction 414 and a cold junction 415.
- the beam portion 405 is provided with a hot contact 412 and a hot contact 413.
- the infrared detection unit 483 a includes a thermocouple 416 connecting the cold junction 414 and the hot junction 412, and a thermocouple 417 connecting the cold junction 415 and the hot junction 413.
- the cold junction 414 is connected to the MOS transistor through the wiring 418 and is further connected to the signal processing circuit 499.
- the cold junction 415 is connected to the reference potential via the wiring 418.
- the hot junction 412 and the hot junction 413 are connected by a wire 418.
- the infrared absorbing unit 404 is surrounded by the slit 411.
- the infrared detection unit 483a may further include an infrared absorption unit 409 disposed on the hollow portion 401. It is preferable that the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 and the infrared ray absorbing portion 409 be arranged so as to be line symmetrical with respect to the beam portion 405 as an axis. With this configuration, warpage of the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 and the infrared ray absorbing portion 409 can be further suppressed, and formation is easy in terms of process.
- the infrared ray absorbing portions 404 and 409 of the infrared ray detection portion 483a absorb infrared rays, that is, heat.
- the absorbed heat is transferred to beam 405 via connection 406.
- the heat transferred to the beam portion 405 raises the temperature of the hot junctions 412 and 413. Since the substrate 403 does not absorb heat as large as the infrared absorbing portions 404 and 409, the temperature of the cold junctions 414 and 415 provided on the substrate 403 does not rise as much as the hot junctions 412 and 413.
- thermocouples 416 and 417 According to the difference.
- This potential difference is supplied to the signal processing circuit 499 from each of the plurality of infrared ray detection units 483 a provided in each of the plurality of pixel units 481 via the wiring 418 and the pad 482.
- the signal processing circuit 499 can detect temperatures at the plurality of pixel portions 481 from these potential differences.
- the direction D406 extending from the beam portion 405 to the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 in the connection portion 406 is preferably perpendicular to the extending direction D405 of the beam portion 405.
- the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 can be easily made to be axisymmetric with respect to an axis extending in the direction D406, and the warpage of the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 can be further reduced.
- perpendicular refers to a degree that allows design deviation, and means substantially perpendicular.
- symmetry refers to a degree that allows for design deviation, and means being substantially symmetrical.
- the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 be connected only to the beam portion 405. With this configuration, it is possible to increase the total surface area of the infrared absorption unit, and it is possible to improve the sensitivity of the infrared sensor 480.
- the surface area of the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 be larger than the surface area of the beam portion 405. With this configuration, it is possible to increase the total surface area of the infrared absorption unit 404, and it is possible to improve the sensitivity of the infrared sensor 480.
- the length of the thermocouple 416 connecting the cold contact 414 and the warm contact 412 be equal to the length of the thermocouple 417 connecting the cold contact 415 and the warm contact 413.
- the longer the thermocouple length the better the heat insulation between the hot junction and the cold junction, so the detection sensitivity of the infrared sensor becomes higher.
- the thermal conductivity of the material constituting the thermocouple 416 and the thermal conductivity of the material constituting the thermocouple 417 are equal, the sensitivity of the heat quantity detected by the infrared absorbing portion 404 is the length of the thermocouple 416 or 417. Depends strongly on the shorter thermocouple.
- the beam portions 405 are preferably arranged in line symmetry with an axis extending in a direction perpendicular to the direction D405 in which the beam portion 405 extends as a symmetry axis. With this configuration, warpage of the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 and the beam portion 405 can be further suppressed, and formation in the process is easy.
- the distance between the warm contact 412 and the warm contact 413 is preferably shorter than the length in the direction D405 of the connection portion 406.
- the lengths of the thermocouples 416 and 417 can be increased, and the thermal insulation between the hot junction 412 and the cold junction 414 and the hot junction 413 and the cold junction 414 can be lengthened. Since the thermal insulation between the contacts 415 can be improved, the sensitivity of the infrared sensor 480 can be further enhanced.
- the length in the direction D405 of the connection part 406 is shorter than the length of the direction D405 in the infrared rays absorption part 404.
- the length in the direction D405 of the connection portion 406 is short, heat absorbed by the infrared absorption portion 404 can be less likely to be released than in the case where the length is long, and the sensitivity of the infrared sensor 480 can be further enhanced.
- the slit 411 is provided between the beam part 405 and the infrared rays absorption part 404.
- FIG. With this configuration, it is possible to make it difficult for the heat absorbed by the infrared absorption unit 404 to escape, and the sensitivity of the infrared sensor 480 can be further enhanced.
- the infrared detecting unit 483a further includes an infrared absorbing unit 409 disposed on the cavity 401 and a connecting unit 410 for connecting the infrared absorbing unit 409 to the beam unit 405.
- the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 and the infrared ray absorbing portion 409 be arranged so as to be line symmetrical with respect to the beam portion 405 as an axis. With this configuration, warpage of the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 and the infrared ray absorbing portion 409 can be further suppressed, and formation is easy in terms of process.
- the thermocouple 416 and the thermocouple 417 are preferably made of a material having silicon germanium.
- the silicon germanium is preferably made of, for example, Si 1-x Ge x (0.15 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.85).
- the lengths of the beam portion 405 and the connecting portion 406 are shortened. Therefore, the lengths of the thermocouples 416 and 417 are also short.
- the heat absorbed by the infrared ray absorbing portions 404 and 409 is easily transmitted to the cold junctions 414 and 415.
- thermocouples 416 and 417 By setting the material of the thermocouples 416 and 417 to a material having silicon germanium, it is possible to lower the thermal conductivity as compared with a material having one of silicon and germanium, and the heat absorbed by the infrared absorbing portions 404 and 409 can be obtained. By making it difficult to transmit to the cold junctions 414 and 415, the sensitivity of the infrared sensor 480 can be kept good.
- thermocouple 416 is preferably made of a material having an N-type conductivity
- thermocouple 417 is preferably made of a material having a P-type conductivity.
- the substrate 403 is preferably made of silicon, that is, it is made of silicon as its main component, and other substances may be mixed.
- a wire 418 for connecting the warm contact 412 and the warm contact 413 is disposed on the warm contact 412 and the warm contact 413, and the cold contact 414 or the cold contact 415 is an infrared ray. It is preferably connected to a signal processing circuit 499 that processes a signal from the absorbing unit 404. Thereby, the signal processing circuit 499 can process the signal detected by the infrared absorption unit 404, which is preferable.
- the infrared ray absorbing portion 404, the infrared ray absorbing portion 409, and the beam portion 405 have the same film configuration.
- each of the infrared ray absorbing portion 404, the infrared ray absorbing portion 409, and the beam portion 405 preferably has a laminated structure of the film 407 and the film 408.
- the film 407 preferably has a structure in which a silicon oxide film 407 a made of silicon oxide and a silicon nitride film 407 b made of silicon nitride are stacked.
- a silicon oxide film 407a is stacked on the substrate 403, a silicon nitride film 407b is stacked on the silicon oxide film 407a, and a film 408 is stacked on the silicon nitride film 407b.
- the material of the film 408 is preferably a silicon oxide film such as Boron-doped phosopho-Silicate Glass (BPSG) film.
- the film 408 is preferably thicker than the film 407.
- a passivation film may be formed over the film 408 so as to cover the wiring 418.
- the passivation film has, for example, a laminated structure composed of a Phosopho-Silicate Glass (PSG) film and a Non-doped Silicate Glass (NSG) film on the PSG film.
- PSG Phosopho-Silicate Glass
- NSG Non-doped Silicate Glass
- FIG. 29A is a top view of an infrared detection unit 483b of the infrared sensor according to the eighth embodiment.
- 29B is a cross-sectional view of the infrared ray detection unit 483b shown in FIG. 29A, taken along line 29B-29B.
- FIG. 29C is a cross-sectional view of the infrared ray detection unit 483b shown in FIG. 29A at line 29C-29C.
- the same parts as those of the infrared detection unit 483a in the seventh embodiment shown in FIGS. 28A to 28C are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the infrared detection unit 483b is provided in the pixel unit 481 of the infrared sensor 480 shown in FIG. 27 and functions in the same manner as the infrared detection unit 483a, similarly to the infrared detection unit 483a in the seventh embodiment.
- the length in the direction D405 in which the beam portion 405 of the connection portion 406 extends is the length in the direction D405 of the infrared ray absorbing portions 404 and 409. Is equal to
- the lengths in the direction D405 of the infrared ray absorbing portions 404 and 409 are shorter than those in the seventh embodiment. With this configuration, warpage of the infrared ray absorbing portions 404 and 409 in the extending direction D405 of the beam portion 405 can be suppressed.
- connection portion 406 is made longer than that in the seventh embodiment. Thereby, the strength of the connection portion 406 can be enhanced, and the reliability of the infrared sensor can be enhanced.
- the infrared detection unit 483b according to the eighth embodiment can also adjust the structure in accordance with the sensitivity and the priority of the reliability.
- FIG. 30A is a top view of an infrared detection unit 483c of the infrared sensor according to the ninth embodiment.
- FIG. 30B is a cross-sectional view of the infrared detection unit 483c shown in FIG. 30A taken along line 30A-30A.
- FIG. 30C is a cross-sectional view taken along line 30C-30C of the infrared detection unit 483c shown in FIG. 30A.
- the same reference numerals as in the infrared detection unit 483a in the seventh embodiment shown in FIGS. 28A to 28C denote the same parts.
- the infrared detection unit 483c is provided in the pixel unit 481 of the infrared sensor 480 shown in FIG. 27 and functions in the same manner as the infrared detection unit 483a.
- the substrate 403 has a rectangular shape, and the beam portion 405 is disposed along the rectangular diagonal of the substrate 403. Therefore, the lengths of the thermocouple 416 and the thermocouple 417 can be made longer than those of the seventh embodiment.
- the sensitivity depends not only on the length of the thermocouples 416 and 417, but also on the area of the infrared absorbing portions 404 and 409.
- thermocouples 416 and 417 If it is difficult to relatively lower the thermal conductivity of the thermocouples 416 and 417, adjust the area of the infrared absorbing parts 404 and 409 and the length of the thermocouples 416 and 417 to obtain the optimum sensitivity. It can be set.
- the infrared detection unit 483c according to the ninth embodiment can also adjust the material and the structure to obtain the optimum sensitivity.
- Tenth Embodiment 31A is a top view of an infrared detection unit 483d of the infrared sensor according to Embodiment 10.
- FIG. 31B is a cross-sectional view of the infrared ray detection unit 483d at line 31B-31B shown in FIG. 31A.
- 31C is a cross-sectional view of the infrared detection unit 483d shown in FIG. 31A, taken along line 31C-31C.
- FIGS. 31A to 31C the same parts as those of the infrared detection unit 483a in the seventh embodiment shown in FIGS. 28A to 28C are assigned the same reference numerals.
- the infrared detection unit 483d is provided in the pixel unit 481 of the infrared sensor 480 shown in FIG. 27 and functions in the same manner as the infrared detection unit 483a.
- the infrared detection unit 483d according to the seventh embodiment includes only the infrared absorption unit 404 of the infrared absorption units 404 and 409, and has a line symmetrical structure with the beam unit 405 as an axis. It is not arranged to be.
- the entire area of the slit 411 can be smaller than that of the seventh embodiment. Therefore, the total area of the infrared absorbing portion 404 can be made larger than that of the seventh embodiment. With this configuration, the sensitivity of the infrared sensor 480 can be improved by an amount corresponding to an increase in the entire area of the infrared absorbing portion 404.
- the infrared detection unit 483d As described above, in the infrared detection unit 483d according to the tenth embodiment, it is also possible to adjust the structure in order to obtain the optimum sensitivity.
- FIG. 32A is a top view of an infrared detection unit 483e of the infrared sensor according to Embodiment 11.
- FIG. 32B is a cross-sectional view of the infrared ray detection unit 483e shown in FIG. 32A, taken along line 32B-32B.
- 32C is a cross-sectional view of the infrared ray detection unit 483e shown in FIG. 32A, taken along line 32C-32C.
- 32D is a cross-sectional view of the infrared ray detection unit 483e shown in FIG. 32A, taken along line 32D-32D.
- 32A to 32D the same reference numerals as in the infrared detection unit 483a in the seventh embodiment shown in FIGS.
- the infrared detection unit 483e is provided in the pixel unit 481 of the infrared sensor 480 shown in FIG. 27 and functions in the same manner as the infrared detection unit 483a.
- the infrared detection unit 483e further includes a beam portion 419 disposed on the hollow portion 401 and connecting the support portion 402 and the beam portion 405. .
- the beam portion 419 surrounds the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 in plan view.
- the length of the thermocouples 416 and 417 can be increased. Therefore, the sensitivity of the infrared sensor 480 can be improved by lengthening the thermocouples 416 and 417 while suppressing the warpage of the infrared absorbing portions 404 and 409.
- the sensitivity depends not only on the lengths of the thermocouples 416 and 417, but also on the area of the infrared absorbing portion 404.
- Optimal sensitivity can be set by adjusting the area of the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 and the lengths of the thermocouples 416 and 417.
- the infrared detection unit 483e in the eleventh embodiment can also adjust the structure in order to obtain the optimum sensitivity.
- the beam part 419 is enclosed by the slit 411a. It is preferable that the area of the slit 411 inside the slit 411a outside the beam 419 is small. Also, the beam portion 419 and the support portion 402 are connected via the connection portion 420. The length in the direction D406 perpendicular to the extending direction D405 of the beam portion 405 of the connection portion 406 is preferably shorter than the length of the direction D406 in the connection portion 420. Thereby, the warpage of the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 is further suppressed.
- the beam portion and the infrared absorption portion have a hollow thin film structure composed of a plurality of laminated films, and warpage occurs due to residual stress generated in the manufacturing process.
- the infrared absorbing portion is supported by two different beams, and the path between the two supporting portions is relatively long, so the warpage due to the residual stress becomes large, and as a result, the beam portion or the infrared absorbing portion May be damaged.
- the infrared detecting units 483a to 483e according to the seventh to eleventh embodiments suppress the film breakage of the infrared absorbing units 404 and (409) by suppressing the warpage of the infrared absorbing units 404 and (409), so that the reliability is improved. It is possible to provide a highly sensitive infrared sensor 480.
- the infrared sensor 480 includes a substrate 403 having a hollow portion 401 and a support portion 402, an infrared absorbing portion 404 disposed on the hollow portion 401, a beam portion 405 disposed on the hollow portion 401, a beam portion 405, and infrared rays. And a connection portion 406 for connecting the absorption portion 404.
- the beam portion 405 connects the support portion 402 and the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 and extends in the direction D405.
- the connection portion 406 extends from the center 405 c of the beam portion 405 toward the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 in a direction D 406 different from the direction D 405.
- Direction D406 may be perpendicular to direction D405.
- the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 may be connected only to the beam portion 405.
- the surface area of the infrared absorbing portion 404 may be larger than the surface area of the beam portion 405.
- connection portion 406 in the direction D405 may be shorter than the length of the infrared absorption portion 404 in the direction D405.
- a slit 411 may be provided between the beam portion 405 and the infrared ray absorbing portion 404.
- the infrared sensor 480 may further include an infrared absorbing unit 409 disposed on the cavity 401.
- the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 and the infrared ray absorbing portion 409 are arranged so as to be line symmetrical about the beam portion 405 as an axis.
- the beam portion 405 may be arranged so as to be axisymmetrical with an axis extending perpendicularly to the direction D405 as an axis of symmetry.
- the infrared sensor may further include a thermocouple 416 and a thermocouple 417.
- the thermocouple 416 has a cold junction 414 provided on the support portion 402 and a hot junction 412 provided on the beam portion 405.
- the thermocouple 417 has a cold junction 415 provided on the support portion 402 and a hot junction 413 provided on the beam portion 405. The length of the thermocouple 416 from the cold junction 414 to the hot junction 412 and the length of the thermocouple 417 from the cold junction 415 to the hot junction 413 are equal.
- the infrared sensor may further include a wire 418 connecting the hot junction 412 and the hot junction 413, and a signal processing circuit 499 processing a signal from the infrared absorbing unit 404.
- thermocouple 416 and the thermocouple 417 may be made of a material having silicon germanium.
- thermocouple 416 may be made of a material having an N-type conductivity
- thermocouple 417 may be made of a material having a P-type conductivity
- the distance between the hot contact 412 and the hot contact 413 may be shorter than the length of the direction D 405 of the connection 406.
- the infrared sensor 480 may further include a beam portion 419 disposed on the hollow portion 401 and connecting the support portion 402 and the beam portion 405.
- the beam portion 419 surrounds the infrared ray absorbing portion 404 in plan view.
- the substrate 403 may be made of silicon.
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Abstract
Description
図1は実施の形態1における検出装置220の構成図である。図2は検出装置220の正面図である。
図8は実施の形態2における車両用制御装置17のブロック図である。図9は車両用制御装置17に用いられる検出装置11の正面図である。図10Aは検出装置11が設置される車両12の上面図である。図10Bは車両12の内部を示す拡大図である。図11は車両12の側面図である。
図15は実施の形態3における車両用制御装置52のブロック図である。図16は車両用制御装置52の検出装置51の正面図である。図17は検出装置51の上面図である。図15から図17において、図8と図9に示す実施の形態2における車両用制御装置17と検出装置11と同じ部分には同じ参照番号を付す。実施の形態3における検出装置51は、実施の形態2における検出装置11とは検出器13(検出器15、検出器16)の配置と走査が異なる。
図18は実施の形態4における車両用制御装置62のブロック図である。図19は車両用制御装置62の検出装置61の正面図である。図20は検出装置61の上面図である。図18から図20において、図8と図9に示す実施の形態2における車両用制御装置17と検出装置11と同じ部分には同じ参照番号を付す。実施の形態4における検出装置61は、実施の形態2における検出装置11とは検出器13(検出器15、検出器16)の配置と走査が異なる。
図21は実施の形態5における車両用制御装置72のブロック図である。図22は車両用制御装置72の検出装置71の正面図である。図23は検出装置71の上面図である。図21から図23において、図8と図9に示す実施の形態2における車両用制御装置17と検出装置11と同じ部分には同じ参照番号を付す。実施の形態5における検出装置71は、実施の形態2における検出装置11とは検出器13(検出器15、検出器16)の配置と走査が異なる。
図24は実施の形態6における車両用制御装置83のブロック図である。図25は車両用制御装置83の検出装置81の正面図である。図26は検出装置81の上面図である。図24から図26において、図8と図9に示す実施の形態2における車両用制御装置17と検出装置11と同じ部分には同じ参照番号を付す。
図27は実施の形態7における赤外線センサ480の概略図である。
図29Aは実施の形態8における赤外線センサの赤外線検出部483bの上面図である。図29Bは図29Aに示す赤外線検出部483bの線29B-29Bにおける断面図である。図29Cは図29Aに示す赤外線検出部483bの線29C-29Cにおける断面図である。図29Aから図29Cにおいて、図28Aから図28Cに示す実施の形態7における赤外線検出部483aと同じ部分には同じ参照番号を付す。赤外線検出部483bは、実施の形態7における赤外線検出部483aと同様に、図27に示す赤外線センサ480の画素部481に設けられて赤外線検出部483aと同様に機能する。
図30Aは実施の形態9における赤外線センサの赤外線検出部483cの上面図である。図30Bは図30Aに示す赤外線検出部483cの線30A-30Aにおける断面図である。図30Cは図30Aに示す赤外線検出部483cの線30C-30Cにおける断面図である。図30Aから図30Cにおいて、図28Aから図28Cに示す実施の形態7における赤外線検出部483aと同じ部分には同じ参照番号を付す。赤外線検出部483cは、実施の形態7における赤外線検出部483aと同様に、図27に示す赤外線センサ480の画素部481に設けられて赤外線検出部483aと同様に機能する。
図31Aは実施の形態10における赤外線センサの赤外線検出部483dの上面図である。図31Bは図31Aに示す赤外線検出部483dの線31B-31Bにおける断面図である。図31Cは図31Aに示す赤外線検出部483dの線31C-31Cにおける断面図である。ここでは、図31Aから図31Cにおいて、図28Aから図28Cに示す実施の形態7における赤外線検出部483aと同じ部分には同じ参照番号を付す。赤外線検出部483dは、実施の形態7における赤外線検出部483aと同様に、図27に示す赤外線センサ480の画素部481に設けられて赤外線検出部483aと同様に機能する。
図32Aは実施の形態11における赤外線センサの赤外線検出部483eの上面図である。図32Bは図32Aに示す赤外線検出部483eの線32B-32Bにおける断面図である。図32Cは図32Aに示す赤外線検出部483eの線32C-32Cにおける断面図である。図32Dは図32Aに示す赤外線検出部483eの線32D-32Dにおける断面図である。図32Aから図32Dにおいて、図28Aから図28Cに示す実施の形態7における赤外線検出部483aと同じ部分には同じ参照番号を付す。赤外線検出部483eは、実施の形態7における赤外線検出部483aと同様に、図27に示す赤外線センサ480の画素部481に設けられて赤外線検出部483aと同様に機能する。
12 車両
13,82 検出器
14 走査部
15 検出器(第1の検出器)
16 検出器(第2の検出器)
17,52,62,72,83 車両用制御装置
20 乗員
21 処理部
22 空調機器
23 制御部
24 画素部
25 運転席
26 助手席
27 フロントガラス
28 リアガラス
29 床面
30 天井
31b,91b Bピラー
32 検出領域
34 走査後検出領域
35 回転軸
36 運転者
37 助手席乗員
38 演算部
39 設定部
220 検出装置
221 検出器(第1の検出器)
222 検出器(第2の検出器)
223 被検出体(乗員)
224 処理部
225 検出領域
226 検出領域
227 直線
228 平面
229a,229b 軸
230 車両用制御装置
231 車両
232 運転者
233 運転席
234a Aピラー
234b Bピラー
235 助手席乗員
236 助手席
237a Aピラー
237b Bピラー
238 電子機器
239 乗員
240 座席
241 フロントガラス
242 頭部
243 スイッチ
244 操作パネル
401 空洞部
402 支持部
403 基板
404 赤外線吸収部(第1の赤外線吸収部)
405 梁部(第1の梁部)
406 接続部(第1の接続部)
409 赤外線吸収部(第2の赤外線吸収部)
410 接続部(第2の接続部)
411 スリット
412 温接点(第1の温接点)
413 温接点(第2の温接点)
414 冷接点(第1の冷接点)
415 冷接点(第2の冷接点)
416 熱電対(第1の熱電対)
417 熱電対(第2の熱電対)
418 配線
419 梁部(第2の梁部)
480 赤外線センサ
481 画素部
483a~483e 赤外線検出部
Claims (37)
- 車室と天井と複数のピラーと運転席と助手席とを有する車両と共に用いられる検出装置であって、
前記車両の前記天井または前記複数のピラーに設置された、前記車室内にある被検出体を非接触で検出する検出器と、
前記検出器を走査する走査部と、
を備えた検出装置。 - 前記検出器は、前記助手席より前記運転席の近くに設置された第1の検出器と、前記運転席より前記助手席の近くに設置された第2の検出器とを有している、請求項1に記載の検出装置。
- 前記複数のピラーは複数のBピラーを含み、
前記第1の検出器と前記第2の検出器は前記複数のBピラーに設置されている、請求項2に記載の検出装置。 - 前記車両は、前記車室に面するフロントガラスと、前記車室に面するリアガラスとをさらに有し、
前記走査部は、前記フロントガラスに向かう方向から前記リアガラスに向かう方向に前記第1の検出器と前記第2の検出器を走査する、請求項3に記載の検出装置。 - 前記車両は、前記車室に面するフロントガラスをさらに有し、
前記第1の検出器と前記第2の検出器は、前記第1の検出器と前記第2の検出器とを結ぶ方向に対して前記フロントガラスに向かう方向に傾いている、請求項3に記載の検出装置。 - 前記車両は、前記車室に面する床面をさらに有し、
前記走査部は、前記床面に向かう方向から前記天井に向かう方向に前記第1の検出器と前記第2の検出器を走査する、請求項5に記載の検出装置。 - 前記第1の検出器と前記第2の検出器は、前記天井から見て前記運転席と前記助手席との間に設置されている、請求項2に記載の検出装置。
- 前記車両は、前記車室に面するフロントガラスと、前記車室に面するリアガラスとをさらに有し、
前記走査部は、前記フロントガラスに向かう方向から前記リアガラスに向かう方向に前記第1の検出器と前記第2の検出器を走査する、請求項7に記載の検出装置。 - 前記車両は、前記車室に面する床面をさらに有し、
前記走査部は、前記床面に向かう方向から前記天井に向かう方向に前記第1の検出器と前記第2の検出器を走査する、請求項7に記載の検出装置。 - 前記走査部は、前記運転席と前記助手席を結ぶ方向に前記検出器を走査する、請求項1に記載の検出装置。
- 前記検出器は、前記助手席より前記運転席の近くに設置された第1の検出器と、前記運転席より前記助手席の近くに設置された第2の検出器とを有し、
前記第1の検出器の出力と前記第2の検出器の出力とから、前記第1の検出器と前記第2の検出器とを結ぶ直線が法線となる平面の方向の前記被検出体の動きを検出する処理部をさらに備えた、請求項1に記載の検出装置。 - 前記第1の検出器と前記第2の検出器とのそれぞれは、1次元アレイ状、または、2次元アレイ状に配置された複数の赤外線検知素子を有する赤外線センサで構成されている、請求項11に記載の検出装置。
- 前記検出器は赤外線センサを有し、
前記赤外線センサは、
空洞部及び支持部を有する基板と、
前記空洞部上に配置される第1の赤外線吸収部と、
前記空洞部上に配置され、前記支持部と前記第1の赤外線吸収部とを接続して第1の方向に延びる第1の梁部と、
前記第1の梁部と前記第1の赤外線吸収部とを接続する第1の接続部と、
を有し、
前記第1の接続部は、前記第1の梁部の中心から前記第1の赤外線吸収部に向かって前記第1の方向とは異なる第2の方向に延びている、請求項1に記載の検出装置。 - 前記第2の方向は前記第1の方向と垂直である、請求項14に記載の検出装置。
- 前記第1の赤外線吸収部は前記第1の梁部にのみ接続されている、請求項14または15に記載の検出装置。
- 前記第1の赤外線吸収部の表面積は前記第1の梁部の表面積よりも大きい、請求項14から16のいずれか1つに記載の検出装置。
- 前記第1の接続部の前記第1の方向での長さは、前記第1の赤外線吸収部の前記第1の方向での長さよりも短い、請求項14から17のいずれか1つに記載の検出装置。
- 前記第1の梁部と前記赤外線吸収部との間にはスリットが設けられている、請求項14から18のいずれか1つに記載の検出装置。
- 前記赤外線センサは前記空洞部上に配置される第2の赤外線吸収部をさらに有し、
前記第1の赤外線吸収部と前記第2の赤外線吸収部とは前記第1の梁部を軸として線対称になるように配置されている、請求項14から19のいずれか1つに記載の検出装置。 - 平面視において、前記第1の梁部は前記第1の方向に垂直に延びる軸を対称軸として線対称になるように配置されている、請求項14から20のいずれか1つに記載の検出装置。
- 前記赤外線センサは、
前記支持部に設けられた第1の冷接点と前記第1の梁部に設けられた第1の温接点とを有する第1の熱電対と、
前記支持部に設けられた第2の冷接点と前記第1の梁部に設けられた第2の温接点とを有する第2の熱電対と、
をさらに有し、
前記第1の冷接点から前記第1の温接点までの前記第1の熱電対の長さと前記第2の冷接点から前記第2の温接点までの前記第2の熱電対の長さとは等しい、請求項14から21のいずれか1つに記載の検出装置。 - 前記赤外線センサは、
前記第1の温接点及び前記第2の温接点の上に配置されて前記第1の温接点と前記第2の温接点とを接続する配線と、
前記第1の冷接点又は前記第2の冷接点に接続されて前記第1の赤外線吸収部からの信号を処理する信号処理回路と、
をさらに有する、請求項22に記載の検出装置。 - 前記第1の熱電対及び前記第2の熱電対はシリコンゲルマニウムを有する材料から構成されている、請求項22または23に記載の検出装置。
- 前記第1の熱電対はN型の導電型を有する材料から構成され、前記第2の熱電対はP型の導電型を有する材料から構成されている、請求項22から24のいずれか1つに記載の検出装置。
- 前記第1の温接点と前記第2の温接点との間の距離は、前記第1の接続部の前記第1の方向の長さよりも短い、請求項22から25のいずれか1つに記載の検出装置。
- 前記赤外線センサは、前記空洞部上に配置されて前記支持部と前記第1の梁部とを接続する第2の梁部をさらに有し、
平面視において、前記第2の梁部は前記第1の赤外線吸収部を囲っている、請求項14から26のいずれか1つに記載の検出装置。 - 前記基板はシリコンから構成されている、請求項14から27のいずれか1つに記載の検出装置。
- 請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の検出装置と、
前記検出装置の出力から前記被検出体の第1の温冷感を推定し、
前記第1の温冷感に応じて前記車両に設けられた第1の空調機器を制御する、
ように構成された制御部と、
を備えた車両用制御装置。 - 前記第1の空調機器は前記運転席の側に設けられており、
前記制御部は、
前記助手席にある被検出体の第2の温冷感を推定し、
前記第1の温冷感に応じて前記第1の空調機器を制御し、
前記第2の温冷感に応じて前記車両の前記助手席の側に設けられた第2の空調機器を制御する、
ように構成されている、請求項29に記載の車両用制御装置。 - 第1の電子機器が搭載された車両に設けられる車両用制御装置であって、
請求項11から13に記載の検出装置と、
前記第1の検出器の出力と前記第2の検出器の出力とによって前記第1の電子機器を制御する処理部と、
を備え、前記第1の検出器と前記第2の検出器とは前記車両の車室内に設けられる、車両用制御装置。 - 前記車両はフロントガラスを有し、
前記第1の検出器と前記第2の検出器とが、前記第1の検出器と前記第2の検出器とを結ぶ前記直線よりも前記フロントガラスの方向に傾いて設置されている、請求項31に記載の車両用制御装置。 - 前記車両は複数のAピラーと複数のBピラーとをさらに有し、
前記第1の検出器と前記第2の検出器が前記複数のAピラー又は前記複数のBピラーに設置されている、請求項31に記載の車両用制御装置。 - 前記第1の検出器は、前記被検出体が前記第2の検出器の側にいるときに前記被検出体の全体が前記第1の検出器の検出領域に入るように設置され、
前記第2の検出器は、前記被検出体が前記第1の検出器の側にいるときに前記被検出体の全体が前記第2の検出器の検出領域に入るように設置されている、請求項31に記載の車両用制御装置。 - 前記第1の検出器と前記第2の検出器との間の距離が500mm以上、1500mm未満である、請求項31に記載の車両用制御装置。
- 前記処理部は、前記第1の検出器の出力と前記第2の検出器の出力とから、前記被検出体が前記第1の検出器の側と前記第2の検出器の側とのいずれにいるのかを判別する、請求項31に記載の車両用制御装置。
- 前記車両には第2の電子機器が搭載されており、
前記被検出体が前記第1の電子機器と前記第2の電子機器のうちの一方に近づいたことを検知したとき前記第1の電子機器と前記第2の電子機器のうちの前記一方を制御する、請求項31に記載の車両用制御装置。
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JPH04103427A (ja) * | 1990-08-21 | 1992-04-06 | Zexel Corp | 車両用空気調和装置 |
JP2005067460A (ja) * | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-17 | Denso Corp | 車両用空調装置 |
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