WO2016086528A1 - Multichannel digitalized intelligent correcting and weighing sensor for unbalanced load error and weighing method therefor - Google Patents

Multichannel digitalized intelligent correcting and weighing sensor for unbalanced load error and weighing method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016086528A1
WO2016086528A1 PCT/CN2015/071801 CN2015071801W WO2016086528A1 WO 2016086528 A1 WO2016086528 A1 WO 2016086528A1 CN 2015071801 W CN2015071801 W CN 2015071801W WO 2016086528 A1 WO2016086528 A1 WO 2016086528A1
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Prior art keywords
resistance strain
load cell
offset error
hole
lower surfaces
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PCT/CN2015/071801
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙纯国
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烟台钧杰衡器有限公司
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Publication of WO2016086528A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016086528A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01G—WEIGHING
    • G01G3/00—Weighing apparatus characterised by the use of elastically-deformable members, e.g. spring balances
    • G01G3/12—Weighing apparatus characterised by the use of elastically-deformable members, e.g. spring balances wherein the weighing element is in the form of a solid body stressed by pressure or tension during weighing
    • G01G3/14—Weighing apparatus characterised by the use of elastically-deformable members, e.g. spring balances wherein the weighing element is in the form of a solid body stressed by pressure or tension during weighing measuring variations of electrical resistance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01G—WEIGHING
    • G01G23/00—Auxiliary devices for weighing apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
    • G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction weighing sensor and a weighing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of sensor structures.
  • the traditional single-point resistance strain gauge load cell theoretically has strong anti-offset capability, but due to the error caused by machining, the deviation of the position of the patch and the unevenness of the material of the resistance strain gauge, etc., All of this leads to severe eccentricity errors in single-point resistance strain gauge load cells, which must be corrected for use in electronic scales.
  • the current revision method is to load the load cell onto the test platform and apply it sequentially at the center and four corners of the platform. 1/3
  • the load of the range is corrected by using a file to repair different parts according to the size of the output.
  • the sensor is mounted on the weighing platform, due to the difference in the rigidity of the weighing platform, the mounting surface is different, and the assembly torque is different, a secondary finishing is required.
  • the accuracy of the resistance strain gauge load cell is related to the material, temperature and applied load of the sensor. Most analog strain gauge load cells are adjusted by analog circuits.
  • the discrete components are compensated to meet the tolerance requirements. Higher accuracy is not achieved due to the tolerances of the circuit components, the limited range, and the amount of work required to compensate.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned prior art, which requires the use of the frustration mode to adjust the weighing accuracy, which is time-consuming and laborious, destroys the anti-corrosion treatment layer outside the load cell, reduces the protection effect, and requires the temperature sensitivity compensation resistor and the temperature zero point. Compensation resistor and zero-point output compensation resistor are used for temperature sensitivity, temperature zero output, zero-point output compensation, time-consuming and low-precision technical problems, providing a maintenance-free operation, saving time and labor, and high measurement accuracy.
  • Multi-channel digital offset error intelligently corrects the load cell.
  • Multi-channel digital eccentricity error intelligent correction load cell which is special in that it includes an elastic body made of aluminum alloy material 1 , elastomer 1
  • the intermediate beam 2 and the left fixing portion 3 and the right fixing portion 4 at both ends are formed.
  • the two fixing portions are integrated with the beam 2, and the left fixing portion 3 is formed with a mounting hole 5 and a right fixing portion 4
  • the lower surface of the right fixing portion 4 is provided with a groove 12 for placing the circuit board 6, and the inside of the beam 2 is provided with a plurality of through holes 7 penetrating the beam 2, and the beam 2
  • the upper and lower surfaces correspond to the position of the through hole 7 as the strain zone, and the beam 2
  • Two sets of resistance strain devices are respectively arranged on the upper and lower surfaces, and each set of resistance strain devices is composed of four resistance strain gauges, and four sets of resistance strain devices are welded to the circuit board 6 through wires, and the circuit board 6 and the external display unit 13
  • the through hole 7 has a petal shape in cross section, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 correspond to the position of the petal-like through hole 7 as a strained area, and the petal-shaped through hole
  • the side of 7 is composed of four semicircles I 7-1 , semicircle II 7-2 , semicircle III 7-3 , semicircle IV 7-4 of the same diameter, and the beam 2
  • the upper and lower surfaces are respectively provided with two sets of resistance strain devices, the installation positions of the two sets of resistance strain devices on the upper surface and the semicircle I 7-1 and semicircle II 7-2 of the two petal-like through holes 7 Corresponding to the position of the two sets of resistance strain devices on the lower surface corresponding to the positions of the semicircle III 7-3 and the semicircle IV 7-4 of the two petal-shaped through holes 7;
  • the cross section of the through hole 7 is circular or square or elliptical, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 correspond to circular through holes 7
  • the position is the strain zone, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 are respectively provided with two sets of resistance strain devices, and the installation position of the resistance strain device corresponds to the position of two adjacent circular through holes 7;
  • the resistance strain device is composed of four resistance strain gauges 8 arranged in a grid pattern, and the resistance strain gauge 8 Forming a Wheatstone bridge by connecting wires in turn;
  • the circuit board 6 is provided with a single chip 9 and a power supply circuit, and the single chip 9 is connected with a temperature measuring circuit 15 , and the single chip 9
  • the input terminal is also connected with four A/D converters 10, and the input terminal of the A/D converter 10 is connected to the resistor device through a wire, and the A/D converter 10
  • a filter circuit 11 is further disposed between the device and the resistance device;
  • the left fixing portion 3 is connected to the weighing pan, and the right fixing portion 4 is connected to the base;
  • the beam 2 has a width of 30 mm, and the resistance strain gauge 8 is attached to the upper surface or the lower surface of the beam 2 from the neutral layer. 5.36mm;
  • the right fixing portion 4 is provided with a through hole 13 for passing through the wire, and one side wall of the groove 12 is provided with a hole for passing through the cable. 14 ;
  • the circuit board 6 is communicatively connected to an external display unit via a cable.
  • the multi-channel digital offset error intelligently corrects the weighing method of the load cell, which is characterized by the following steps:
  • the voltage signals output by the four sets of Wheatstone bridges are filtered by the filter circuit 11 and sent to the A/D converter 10,
  • the A/D converter 10 transmits the digital signal to the single chip microcomputer 9, and the temperature of the elastic body 1 can be monitored in real time through the temperature measuring circuit 15 and the temperature information is transmitted to the single chip microcomputer 9;
  • MCU 9 to step 3
  • the received multi-path measurement data is processed, and digital compensation calculation is performed according to the collected temperature information
  • the asynchronous communication interface transmits data to the external display unit 13 through the cable.
  • the multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction weighing sensor of the invention has a clever structural design, and a plurality of through holes penetrating through the beam are arranged inside the beam, and the position corresponding to the upper and lower surfaces of the beam is a strain zone.
  • a resistance strain device is installed on the strain zone, and the resistance strain device is communicatively connected with the single chip control system. Therefore, when the load acts on the elastic body, the upper and lower strain regions of the elastic body generate bending elastic deformation proportional to the load size.
  • the change of the resistance gauge resistance in the four sets of resistance strain devices is converted into a voltage signal output by a Wheatstone bridge applying an excitation voltage, and the single-chip microcomputer control system processes the received multi-path measurement data according to the collected The temperature information is digitally compensated and finally passed.
  • the TXD and RXD asynchronous communication interfaces send data to the external display unit.
  • the digital intelligent correction of the eccentric load error can be completed in one test, and the correction accuracy is greatly improved, which can conveniently meet the requirements of the two-stage scale for the eccentric load error;
  • temperature sensitivity and temperature zero can be completed without temperature sensitivity compensation resistor, temperature sensitivity linearization adjustment and compensation amount trimming resistor, temperature zero compensation resistor, and zero output compensation resistor.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction load cell according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the A-A cross-sectional structure of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the A-direction structure of Figure 1;
  • Embodiment 1 of the present invention The multi-channel digital offset error intelligently corrects the upper surface and lower surface wiring diagram of the elastomer of the load cell;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a wiring diagram of a first set of resistance strain devices, a filter circuit, and an A/D conversion circuit provided on the upper surface of the beam 2 of the present invention
  • Figure 9 is a wiring diagram of a second set of resistance strain devices, filter circuits, and A/D conversion circuits provided on the upper surface of the beam 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a wiring diagram of a first set of strain devices, filter circuits, and A/D conversion circuits provided on the lower surface of the beam 2 of the present invention
  • Figure 11 is a wiring diagram of a second set of strain devices, filter circuits, and A/D conversion circuits provided on the lower surface of the beam 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a wiring diagram of the single chip microcomputer, the display unit, and the temperature measuring circuit of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 Wiring diagram of the power supply circuit of the present invention.
  • the multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction weighing sensor of the embodiment comprises an elastic body 1 made of an aluminum alloy material, and the elastic body 1
  • the left fixing portion 3 is formed with a mounting hole 5, and the lower surface of the right fixing portion 4 is provided with a mounting hole 5, and the upper surface of the right fixing portion 4 is provided with a recess 12 for placing the circuit board 6, the beam 2 There are two through holes 7 through the beam 2 inside.
  • the position of the upper and lower surfaces corresponding to the through hole 7 is the strain zone, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 are respectively provided with two sets of resistance strain devices, and each set of resistance strain devices is composed of four resistance strain gauges, four sets of resistance Strain device through wire and circuit board
  • the circuit board 6 is communicatively connected with the external display unit 13, the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 and the groove 12
  • the outer surface is covered with an anti-corrosion treatment layer;
  • the cross section of the through hole 7 is petal-shaped, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 correspond to the petal-shaped through hole
  • the position of 7 is the strain zone, and the edge of the petal-like through hole 7 is composed of four semicircles I7-1 of the same diameter. , semicircle II7-2, semicircle III7-3, semicircle IV7-4
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 are respectively provided with two sets of resistance strain devices, and the installation positions of the two sets of resistance strain devices on the upper surface are opposite to the positions of the semicircle I7-1 and the semicircle II7-2 of the two petal-like through holes 7.
  • the mounting position of the two sets of resistance strain devices on the lower surface and the two petal-shaped through holes 7 The positions of the semicircle III7-3 and the semicircle IV7-4 correspond.
  • the resistance strain device is composed of four resistance strain gauges 8 arranged in a grid pattern, wherein the resistance strain gauge 8 can be selected as model BCF350-3AA (23 The resistance strain gauge and the resistance strain gauge 8 are sequentially connected by wires to form a Wheatstone bridge; the circuit board 6 is provided with a single chip 9 and a power supply circuit, and the single chip 9 is connected with a temperature measuring circuit 15 , the single chip 9 The input terminal is also connected with four A/D converters 10, and the input terminal of the A/D converter 10 is connected to the resistor device through a wire, and the A/D converter 10 A filter circuit 11 is further disposed between the device and the resistor device; the left fixing portion 3 is connected to the weighing pan, the right fixing portion 4 is connected to the base; the beam 2 has a width of 30 mm, and the resistance strain gauge 8 is attached to the beam 2 The upper surface or the lower surface is 5.36 mm away from the neutral layer; the right fixing portion 4 is provided with a through hole 13 for passing through the wire, and one side wall
  • the multi-channel digital offset error intelligently corrects the weighing method of the load cell, including the following steps:
  • the voltage signals output by the four sets of Wheatstone bridges are filtered by C1, C2, C3 and sent to U2.
  • High-precision modulus A/D The converter 10 transmits data to the single-chip microcomputer through two interfaces of SDO and SCLC. Similarly, S2, S3, ....SN also sends measurement data to the single-chip microcomputer 9 by RT A temperature measuring circuit consisting of a temperature sensor and R8 sends the temperature signal of the elastomer to U1;
  • MCU 9 to step 3
  • the received multi-path measurement data is processed, and digital compensation calculation is performed according to the collected temperature information
  • the cross section of the through hole 7 is circular, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 correspond to the circular through hole 7
  • the position is the strain zone, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 are respectively provided with two sets of resistance strain devices, and the installation position of the resistance strain device corresponds to the position of two adjacent circular through holes 7.
  • the cross section of the through hole 7 is square, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 correspond to the circular through hole.
  • the position is the strain zone, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 are respectively provided with two sets of resistance strain devices, and the installation position of the resistance strain device corresponds to the position of two adjacent circular through holes 7.
  • the cross section of the through hole 7 has an elliptical shape, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 correspond to the circular through hole 7
  • the position is the strain zone, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 are respectively provided with two sets of resistance strain devices, and the installation position of the resistance strain device corresponds to the position of two adjacent circular through holes 7.
  • the key to improving the weighing accuracy of load cells is to reduce the effects of internal and external factors. Achieving higher accuracy requires 'tuning' each load cell by a process called compensation.
  • the purpose of the compensation is to obtain an ideal linear relationship between the output of the load cell and the load it is subjected, regardless of temperature or loading time.
  • the linear compensation coefficient of the curve to achieve the desired result.
  • the compensation factor used in the digital compensation algorithm is calculated using the actual output of the sensor.
  • Digital compensation is achieved by correcting the output of the symmetric weight sensor under actual loading conditions.
  • Hysteresis is mainly due to the material properties and geometry of the sensor. All materials with reaction forces, Both metal and glass/ceramic show varying degrees of hysteresis.
  • the resistance strain gauge of the polymer material substrate also shows hysteresis and accounts for a large proportion of the overall hysteresis error of the sensor.
  • the lag compensation algorithm brings the output of the load cell closer to the ideal line.
  • the hysteresis compensation coefficient used in the digital compensation algorithm is to apply a known force to the sensor within the rated load range, and is calculated by calculating a series of weight values actually output by the sensor. The algorithm corrects the output of the load cell based on the actual load. And consider whether the current load is greater or less than the previous load. The lag correction process is fairly straightforward when loading and unloading are done in the same step.
  • Temperature is the most significant external influence factor.
  • the main components of the load cell are made of metal. As the temperature changes, the thermal expansion and contraction of the metal causes a change in the signal output of the load cell. Under controlled conditions, the effects of temperature can be measured. Since the temperature effect is constant and repeatable, compensation can be performed. To get the temperature compensation factor, it is necessary to test the load cell over the entire temperature range and record the data to adjust the relevant deviation due to temperature to achieve the desired result. The compensation factor is stored in the permanent memory of the load cell.
  • the zero output is the sensor output measured at zero load.
  • the temperature compensation of the zero output is achieved by an algorithm that causes the sensor to produce the same zero output at different temperatures.
  • Zero offset is determined by the zero load output reading measured over the entire operating temperature range.
  • the compensation coefficients used in the digital compensation algorithm are calculated using these readings. The algorithm corrects its output based on the actual temperature of the load cell.
  • Creep is the change (increase or decrease) in the output of a sensor over time when it is loaded. Under load conditions, Over time, the metal components of the load cell will continue to deform. This continued deformation can cause additional strain in the sensor. Under the controlled conditions, the effect of the time after loading can be measured. Since this effect is constant and repeatable, compensation can be made.
  • the creep compensation factor is determined by applying the same force to the symmetric weight sensor at a given time. The creep compensation factor used in the digital compensation algorithm is calculated by calculating these weight readings. The algorithm corrects the output of the load cell based on the actual load and the time of loading.
  • temperature sensitivity and temperature zero can be completed without temperature sensitivity compensation resistor, temperature sensitivity linearization adjustment and compensation amount trimming resistor, temperature zero compensation resistor, and zero output compensation resistor. Compensation for zero output, and the compensation accuracy is increased by an order of magnitude, which can be easily satisfied The temperature scale error requirement of the 2-level scale.

Abstract

Disclosed are a multichannel digitalized intelligent correcting and weighing sensor for an unbalanced load error and a weighing method therefor, comprising an elastic body (1), wherein the elastic body (1) is constituted by a cross beam (2) in the middle and a left fixing part (3) and a right fixing part (4) at two ends, a mounting hole (5) is formed on the left fixing part (3) and a mounting hole (5) is provided on a lower surface of the right fixing part (4), an upper surface of the right fixing part (4) is provided with a groove (12) for placing a circuit board (6), a plurality of through-holes (7) penetrating through the cross beam (2) are provided inside the cross beam (2), the positions of an upper and a lower surface of the cross beam (2) corresponding to the through-holes (7) are strain areas, the upper and the lower surfaces of the cross beam (2) are respectively provided with two groups of resistance strain devices, each group of resistance strain device is composed of four resistance strain meters (8), wherein the four groups of resistance strain devices are welded with the circuit board (6) via a conducting wire, the circuit board (6) is connected in communication with an external display unit (13), and the upper and the lower surfaces of the cross beam (2) and an outer surface of the groove (12) are all coated with anti-corrosion processing layers.

Description

多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器及其称量方法  Multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction weighing sensor and weighing method thereof
技术领域 Technical field
本发明涉及一种多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器及其称量方法，属于传感器结构技术领域。 The invention relates to a multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction weighing sensor and a weighing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of sensor structures.
背景技术 Background technique
首先，传统的单点电阻应变式称重传感器理论上具有较强的抗偏载能力，但是由于机械加工产生的误差、贴片位置的偏差和电阻应变计自身材质的不均匀性等等原因，这一切均会导致单点电阻应变式称重传感器存在严重的偏载误差，为此必须给予修正方可应用到电子秤中。目前修正的方法是将称重传感器装到试验平台上，在平台的中心和四个角上依次施加 1/3 量程的载荷，根据其输出的大小，用锉刀挫修不同的部位来进行修正。而且，当传感器装到秤台上时，由于秤台的刚度的不同，安装面不同，装配力矩的不同，还需二次精修。这对于高精度的称重传感器来讲是非常费时费力的，且很难达到二级秤对偏载误差的要求。并且称重传感器在进行偏载误差修正后，破坏了原有的防腐处理层，还需重新进行防护处理，且防护效果难以达到原有水平。 First of all, the traditional single-point resistance strain gauge load cell theoretically has strong anti-offset capability, but due to the error caused by machining, the deviation of the position of the patch and the unevenness of the material of the resistance strain gauge, etc., All of this leads to severe eccentricity errors in single-point resistance strain gauge load cells, which must be corrected for use in electronic scales. The current revision method is to load the load cell onto the test platform and apply it sequentially at the center and four corners of the platform. 1/3 The load of the range is corrected by using a file to repair different parts according to the size of the output. Moreover, when the sensor is mounted on the weighing platform, due to the difference in the rigidity of the weighing platform, the mounting surface is different, and the assembly torque is different, a secondary finishing is required. This is very time-consuming and labor-intensive for high-precision load cells, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of the secondary scale for the eccentricity error. Moreover, after the offset sensor is corrected for the eccentric load error, the original anti-corrosion treatment layer is destroyed, and the protection treatment needs to be performed again, and the protection effect is difficult to reach the original level.
再者，目前所有的电阻应变式称重传感器都存在一定的测量误差，导致这些误差的原因有内部和外部的。其中温度的影响最为显著。传统的 温度影响误差的补偿是通过温度试验，根据温度输出的大小焊接不同阻值的灵敏度温度补偿量微调电阻和截取不同长度的漆包铜线进行补偿的。这样做的缺点是需准备大量不同阻值的灵敏度温度补偿量微调电阻，费工费时，为此产生了种种模拟或数字式的温度补偿方法，但是基本上属于静态温度补偿； Furthermore, all current resistance strain gauge load cells have certain measurement errors, and the causes of these errors are internal and external. The effect of temperature is most pronounced. traditional The compensation of the temperature influence error is compensated by the temperature test, the sensitivity of the temperature compensation amount of the different resistance values, and the interception of different lengths of the enamelled copper wire according to the temperature output. The disadvantage of this is that a large number of different temperature resistance temperature compensation amount trimming resistors need to be prepared, which is laborious and time consuming, and various analog or digital temperature compensation methods are generated for this purpose, but basically belong to static temperature compensation;
其次，电阻应变式称重传感器的准确度与传感器的材料，温度和所施加的载荷有关，大多数模拟电阻应变式称重传感器是通过调整模拟电路 Second, the accuracy of the resistance strain gauge load cell is related to the material, temperature and applied load of the sensor. Most analog strain gauge load cells are adjusted by analog circuits.
中分立元件来进行补偿以达到允差要求的。由于受电路元件的允差、有限的量程以及补偿所需工作量的限制，而无法达到更高的准确度。 The discrete components are compensated to meet the tolerance requirements. Higher accuracy is not achieved due to the tolerances of the circuit components, the limited range, and the amount of work required to compensate.
发明内容 Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于解决上述现有技术存在的需采用挫修方式进行称量精度调整，费时费力，破坏称重传感器外部的防腐处理层，降低防护效果，而且需用温度灵敏度补偿电阻、温度零点补偿电阻、零点输出补偿电阻进行温度灵敏度、温度零点输出、零点输出的补偿，费工费时且精度低的技术问题，提供一种无需挫修调整，操作方便，省工省时，测量精度高的 The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned prior art, which requires the use of the frustration mode to adjust the weighing accuracy, which is time-consuming and laborious, destroys the anti-corrosion treatment layer outside the load cell, reduces the protection effect, and requires the temperature sensitivity compensation resistor and the temperature zero point. Compensation resistor and zero-point output compensation resistor are used for temperature sensitivity, temperature zero output, zero-point output compensation, time-consuming and low-precision technical problems, providing a maintenance-free operation, saving time and labor, and high measurement accuracy.
多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器。 Multi-channel digital offset error intelligently corrects the load cell.
多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器，其特殊之处在于包括由铝合金材料制成的弹性体 1 ，弹性体 1 由中间的横梁 2 及两端的左固定部 3 、右固定部 4 构成，两个固定部与横梁 2 为一体结构，左固定部 3 上形成有安装孔 5 ，右固定部 4 的下表面设有安装孔 5 ，右固定部 4 的上表面设有用于放置线路板 6 的凹槽 12 ，横梁 2 的内部设有多个贯穿横梁 2 的通孔 7 ，横梁 2 的上、下表面对应通孔 7 的位置即为应变区，横梁 2 的上、下表面分别设有两组电阻应变装置，每组电阻应变装置均由四个电阻应变计组成，四组电阻应变装置通过导线与线路板 6 相焊接，线路板 6 与外部显示单元 13 通讯连接，横梁 2 的上、下两个表面以及凹槽 12 的外表面上均包覆有防腐处理层；  Multi-channel digital eccentricity error intelligent correction load cell, which is special in that it includes an elastic body made of aluminum alloy material 1 , elastomer 1 The intermediate beam 2 and the left fixing portion 3 and the right fixing portion 4 at both ends are formed. The two fixing portions are integrated with the beam 2, and the left fixing portion 3 is formed with a mounting hole 5 and a right fixing portion 4 The lower surface of the right fixing portion 4 is provided with a groove 12 for placing the circuit board 6, and the inside of the beam 2 is provided with a plurality of through holes 7 penetrating the beam 2, and the beam 2 The upper and lower surfaces correspond to the position of the through hole 7 as the strain zone, and the beam 2 Two sets of resistance strain devices are respectively arranged on the upper and lower surfaces, and each set of resistance strain devices is composed of four resistance strain gauges, and four sets of resistance strain devices are welded to the circuit board 6 through wires, and the circuit board 6 and the external display unit 13 The communication connection, the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 and the outer surface of the groove 12 are covered with an anti-corrosion treatment layer;
所述通孔 7 的横剖面呈花瓣状，横梁 2 的上、下表面对应花瓣状通孔 7 的位置即为应变区，花瓣状通孔 7 的边是由四个直径相同的半圆Ⅰ 7-1 、半圆Ⅱ 7-2 、半圆Ⅲ 7-3 、半圆Ⅳ 7-4 组成，横梁 2 的上、下表面分别设有两组电阻应变装置，上表面的两组电阻应变装置的安装位置与两个花瓣状通孔 7 的半圆Ⅰ 7-1 、半圆Ⅱ 7-2 的位置相对应，下表面的两组电阻应变装置的安装位置与两个花瓣状通孔 7 的半圆Ⅲ 7-3 、半圆Ⅳ 7-4 的位置相对应；  The through hole 7 has a petal shape in cross section, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 correspond to the position of the petal-like through hole 7 as a strained area, and the petal-shaped through hole The side of 7 is composed of four semicircles I 7-1 , semicircle II 7-2 , semicircle III 7-3 , semicircle IV 7-4 of the same diameter, and the beam 2 The upper and lower surfaces are respectively provided with two sets of resistance strain devices, the installation positions of the two sets of resistance strain devices on the upper surface and the semicircle I 7-1 and semicircle II 7-2 of the two petal-like through holes 7 Corresponding to the position of the two sets of resistance strain devices on the lower surface corresponding to the positions of the semicircle III 7-3 and the semicircle IV 7-4 of the two petal-shaped through holes 7;
所述通孔 7 的横剖面呈圆形或者方型或者椭圆形，横梁 2 的上、下表面对应圆形通孔 7 的位置即为应变区，横梁 2 的上、下表面分别设有两组电阻应变装置，电阻应变装置的安装位置与两个相邻的圆形通孔 7 的位置相对应； The cross section of the through hole 7 is circular or square or elliptical, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 correspond to circular through holes 7 The position is the strain zone, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 are respectively provided with two sets of resistance strain devices, and the installation position of the resistance strain device corresponds to the position of two adjacent circular through holes 7;
所述电阻应变装置是由四个呈田字格状排列的电阻应变计8 构成，电阻应变计8 依次通过导线相连接，形成惠斯通电桥； The resistance strain device is composed of four resistance strain gauges 8 arranged in a grid pattern, and the resistance strain gauge 8 Forming a Wheatstone bridge by connecting wires in turn;
所述线路板 6 上设有单片机 9 以及电源电路，单片机 9 连接有温度测量电路 15 ，单片机 9 的输入端还连接有四个 A/D 转换器 10 、 A/D 转换器 10 的输入端与电阻应装置通过导线相连接， A/D 转换器 10 与电阻应装置之间还设有滤波电路 11 ；  The circuit board 6 is provided with a single chip 9 and a power supply circuit, and the single chip 9 is connected with a temperature measuring circuit 15 , and the single chip 9 The input terminal is also connected with four A/D converters 10, and the input terminal of the A/D converter 10 is connected to the resistor device through a wire, and the A/D converter 10 A filter circuit 11 is further disposed between the device and the resistance device;
所述左固定部 3 与秤盘相连接，右固定部 4 与底座相连接； The left fixing portion 3 is connected to the weighing pan, and the right fixing portion 4 is connected to the base;
所述横梁 2 的宽度为 30 毫米，电阻应变计 8 贴于横梁 2 上表面或者下表面上距中性层 5.36mm 处； The beam 2 has a width of 30 mm, and the resistance strain gauge 8 is attached to the upper surface or the lower surface of the beam 2 from the neutral layer. 5.36mm;
所述右固定部 4 上开设有用于穿过导线的通孔 13 ，凹槽 12 的一面侧壁上设有用于穿过电缆线的出孔 14 ； The right fixing portion 4 is provided with a through hole 13 for passing through the wire, and one side wall of the groove 12 is provided with a hole for passing through the cable. 14 ;
所述线路板 6 通过电缆线与外部显示单元通讯连接。 The circuit board 6 is communicatively connected to an external display unit via a cable.
多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器的称重方法，其特殊之处在于包括以下步骤： The multi-channel digital offset error intelligently corrects the weighing method of the load cell, which is characterized by the following steps:
1 ）、将载荷作用到弹性体 1 上，使弹性体 1 的上、下四个应变区均产生与载荷大小成比例的弯曲弹性形变； 1) Applying a load to the elastomer 1 to make the elastomer 1 The upper and lower four strain zones each produce a bending elastic deformation proportional to the magnitude of the load;
2 ）、通过施加激励电压的惠斯通电桥将四组电阻应变装置中的电阻应变计 8 电阻的变化转换成电压信号输出； 2) The resistance strain gauges in the four sets of resistance strain devices are applied by the Wheatstone bridge to which the excitation voltage is applied. The change in resistance is converted into a voltage signal output;
3 ）、四组惠斯通电桥输出的电压信号通过滤波电路 11 滤除噪音后输送给 A/D 转换器 10 ， A/D 转换器 10 将数字信号传送至单片机 9 ，通过温度测量电路 15 可以实时监测弹性体 1 的温度，并将温度信息传送至单片机 9 ； 3), the voltage signals output by the four sets of Wheatstone bridges are filtered by the filter circuit 11 and sent to the A/D converter 10, The A/D converter 10 transmits the digital signal to the single chip microcomputer 9, and the temperature of the elastic body 1 can be monitored in real time through the temperature measuring circuit 15 and the temperature information is transmitted to the single chip microcomputer 9;
4 ）、单片机 9 对步骤 3 ）所接收到的多路测量数据进行处理，并根据采集到的温度信息进行数字化补偿计算； 4), MCU 9 to step 3 The received multi-path measurement data is processed, and digital compensation calculation is performed according to the collected temperature information;
5 ）、通过单片机 9 上所设的TXD 和RXD 异步通讯接口将数据通过电缆线发送至外部显示单元13。 5), through the TXD and RXD set on the MCU 9 The asynchronous communication interface transmits data to the external display unit 13 through the cable.
本发明的多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器，结构设计巧妙，横梁的内部所设的多个贯穿横梁的通孔，横梁上、下表面与通孔相对应的位置即为应变区，在应变区上安装电阻应变装置，电阻应变装置与单片机控制***通讯连接，因此当载荷作用到弹性体上时，弹性体的上、下四个应变区均产生与载荷大小成比例的弯曲弹性形变，通过施加激励电压的惠斯通电桥将四组电阻应变装置中的电阻应变计电阻的变化转换成电压信号输出，单片机控制***对所接收到的多路测量数据进行处理，并根据采集到的温度信息进行数字化补偿计算，最后通过 TXD 和 RXD 异步通讯接口将数据发送至外部显示单元，上述过程实现了以下优点： 1 、在一只单点式称重传感器上不用挫修，一次检测就能完成对偏载误差的数字化智能修正，且修正精度大大提高，可以方便的满足 2 级秤对偏载误差的要求； 2 、通过对惠斯通电桥输出的电压信号进行数字化处理，不用温度灵敏度补偿电阻、温度灵敏度线性化调整和补偿量微调电阻、温度零点补偿电阻、零点输出补偿电阻，即可完成温度灵敏度、温度零点、零点输出的补偿，且补偿精度提高了一个数量级，可以轻松满足 2 级秤对温度误差的要求； 3 、通过对惠斯通电桥输出的电压信号进行数字化处理，实现了对电阻应变式称重传感器输出的线性、蠕变、滞后的数字化修正，提高了电阻应变式称重传感器的精度等级； 4 、采用传感器在线固件升级，为产品升级和故障诊断提供了方便； 5 、采用指令式通讯协议，降低了数据通讯频率，大大降低传感器的功耗。综上所述，本发明结构设计合理，在衡器领域具有很好的应用前景。 The multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction weighing sensor of the invention has a clever structural design, and a plurality of through holes penetrating through the beam are arranged inside the beam, and the position corresponding to the upper and lower surfaces of the beam is a strain zone. A resistance strain device is installed on the strain zone, and the resistance strain device is communicatively connected with the single chip control system. Therefore, when the load acts on the elastic body, the upper and lower strain regions of the elastic body generate bending elastic deformation proportional to the load size. The change of the resistance gauge resistance in the four sets of resistance strain devices is converted into a voltage signal output by a Wheatstone bridge applying an excitation voltage, and the single-chip microcomputer control system processes the received multi-path measurement data according to the collected The temperature information is digitally compensated and finally passed. The TXD and RXD asynchronous communication interfaces send data to the external display unit. The above process achieves the following advantages: 1 In a single-point load cell, there is no need to frustrate the repair. The digital intelligent correction of the eccentric load error can be completed in one test, and the correction accuracy is greatly improved, which can conveniently meet the requirements of the two-stage scale for the eccentric load error; By digitally processing the voltage signal output from the Wheatstone bridge, temperature sensitivity and temperature zero can be completed without temperature sensitivity compensation resistor, temperature sensitivity linearization adjustment and compensation amount trimming resistor, temperature zero compensation resistor, and zero output compensation resistor. Compensation for zero output, and the compensation accuracy is increased by an order of magnitude, which can be easily satisfied 2 scales for temperature error requirements; 3 By digitally processing the voltage signal outputted by the Wheatstone bridge, the digital correction of the linearity, creep and hysteresis of the output of the resistance strain gauge load cell is realized, and the accuracy level of the resistance strain type load cell is improved; Using sensor online firmware upgrade, it provides convenience for product upgrade and fault diagnosis; 5 The use of command communication protocol reduces the frequency of data communication and greatly reduces the power consumption of the sensor. In summary, the structure of the invention is reasonable in design and has a good application prospect in the field of scales.
附图说明 DRAWINGS
图 1 ：本发明实施例 1 的多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器的结构示意图； 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction load cell according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图 2 ：图 1 的 A-A 剖结构示意图； Figure 2: Schematic diagram of the A-A cross-sectional structure of Figure 1;
图 3 ：图 1 的 A 向结构示意图； Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the A-direction structure of Figure 1;
图 4 ：本发明实施例 1 的多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器的弹性体的上表面、下表面接线示意图； Figure 4: Embodiment 1 of the present invention The multi-channel digital offset error intelligently corrects the upper surface and lower surface wiring diagram of the elastomer of the load cell;
图 5 ：本发明实施例 2 的结构示意图； Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图 6 ：本发明实施例 3 的结构示意图； Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
图 7 ：本发明实施例 4 的结构示意图； Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 4 of the present invention;
图 8 ：本发明设于横梁 2 上表面的第一组电阻应变装置、滤波电路、 A/D 转换电路的接线图； Figure 8 is a wiring diagram of a first set of resistance strain devices, a filter circuit, and an A/D conversion circuit provided on the upper surface of the beam 2 of the present invention;
图 9 ：本发明设于横梁 2 上表面的第二组电阻应变装置、滤波电路、 A/D 转换电路的接线图； Figure 9 is a wiring diagram of a second set of resistance strain devices, filter circuits, and A/D conversion circuits provided on the upper surface of the beam 2 of the present invention;
图 10 ：本发明设于横梁 2 下表面的第一组应变装置、滤波电路、 A/D 转换电路的接线图； Figure 10 is a wiring diagram of a first set of strain devices, filter circuits, and A/D conversion circuits provided on the lower surface of the beam 2 of the present invention;
图 11 ：本发明设于横梁 2 下表面的第二组应变装置、滤波电路、 A/D 转换电路的接线图。 Figure 11 is a wiring diagram of a second set of strain devices, filter circuits, and A/D conversion circuits provided on the lower surface of the beam 2 of the present invention.
图 12 ：本发明单片机、显示单元、温度测量电路的接线图； Figure 12 is a wiring diagram of the single chip microcomputer, the display unit, and the temperature measuring circuit of the present invention;
图 13 ：本发明电源电路的接线图。 Figure 13: Wiring diagram of the power supply circuit of the present invention.
具体实施方式 detailed description
以下参考附图给出本发明的具体实施方式，用来对本发明做进一步的说明。 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The specific embodiments of the present invention are set forth below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
实施例 1 Example 1
本实施例的多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器，包括由铝合金材料制成的弹性体1 ，弹性体1 由中间的横梁2 及两端的左固定部3 、右固定部4构成，两个固定部与横梁2 The multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction weighing sensor of the embodiment comprises an elastic body 1 made of an aluminum alloy material, and the elastic body 1 The middle cross member 2 and the left fixed portion 3 and the right fixed portion 4 at both ends, the two fixing portions and the cross member 2
为一体结构，左固定部3上形成有安装孔5，右固定部4的下表面设有安装孔5，右固定部4的上表面设有用于放置线路板6的凹槽12，横梁2的内部设有两个贯穿横梁2的通孔7 ，横梁 For the unitary structure, the left fixing portion 3 is formed with a mounting hole 5, and the lower surface of the right fixing portion 4 is provided with a mounting hole 5, and the upper surface of the right fixing portion 4 is provided with a recess 12 for placing the circuit board 6, the beam 2 There are two through holes 7 through the beam 2 inside. Beam
2的上、下表面对应通孔7的位置即为应变区，横梁2的上、下表面分别设有两组电阻应变装置，每组电阻应变装置均由四个电阻应变计组成，四组电阻应变装置通过导线与线路板 The position of the upper and lower surfaces corresponding to the through hole 7 is the strain zone, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 are respectively provided with two sets of resistance strain devices, and each set of resistance strain devices is composed of four resistance strain gauges, four sets of resistance Strain device through wire and circuit board
6相焊接，线路板6与外部显示单元13通讯连接，横梁2的上、下两个表面以及凹槽12 的外表面上均包覆有防腐处理层；通孔7 的横剖面呈花瓣状，横梁2的上、下表面对应花瓣状通孔 6-phase welding, the circuit board 6 is communicatively connected with the external display unit 13, the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 and the groove 12 The outer surface is covered with an anti-corrosion treatment layer; the cross section of the through hole 7 is petal-shaped, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 correspond to the petal-shaped through hole
7的位置即为应变区，花瓣状通孔7的边是由四个直径相同的半圆Ⅰ7-1 、半圆Ⅱ7-2、半圆Ⅲ7-3、半圆Ⅳ7-4 组成，横梁2的上、下表面分别设有两组电阻应变装置，上表面的两组电阻应变装置的安装位置与两个花瓣状通孔7的半圆Ⅰ7-1、半圆Ⅱ7-2的位置相对应，下表面的两组电阻应变装置的安装位置与两个花瓣状通孔7 的半圆Ⅲ7-3、半圆Ⅳ7-4的位置相对应。电阻应变装置是由四个呈田字格状排列的电阻应变计8构成，其中电阻应变计8可选用型号为BCF350-3AA（ 23 ）的电阻应变计，电阻应变计8 依次通过导线相连接，形成惠斯通电桥；线路板6 上设有单片机 9 以及电源电路，单片机 9 连接有温度测量电路 15 ，单片机 9 的输入端还连接有四个 A/D 转换器 10 、 A/D 转换器 10 的输入端与电阻应装置通过导线相连接， A/D 转换器 10 与电阻应装置之间还设有滤波电路 11 ；左固定部 3 与秤盘相连接，右固定部 4 与底座相连接；横梁 2 的宽度为 30 毫米，电阻应变计 8 贴于横梁 2 上表面或者下表面上距中性层 5.36mm 处；右固定部 4 上开设有用于穿过导线的通孔 13 ，凹槽 12 的一面侧壁上设有用于穿过电缆线的出孔；线路板 6 通过电缆线与外部显示单元通讯连接。 The position of 7 is the strain zone, and the edge of the petal-like through hole 7 is composed of four semicircles I7-1 of the same diameter. , semicircle II7-2, semicircle III7-3, semicircle IV7-4 The upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 are respectively provided with two sets of resistance strain devices, and the installation positions of the two sets of resistance strain devices on the upper surface are opposite to the positions of the semicircle I7-1 and the semicircle II7-2 of the two petal-like through holes 7. Correspondingly, the mounting position of the two sets of resistance strain devices on the lower surface and the two petal-shaped through holes 7 The positions of the semicircle III7-3 and the semicircle IV7-4 correspond. The resistance strain device is composed of four resistance strain gauges 8 arranged in a grid pattern, wherein the resistance strain gauge 8 can be selected as model BCF350-3AA (23 The resistance strain gauge and the resistance strain gauge 8 are sequentially connected by wires to form a Wheatstone bridge; the circuit board 6 is provided with a single chip 9 and a power supply circuit, and the single chip 9 is connected with a temperature measuring circuit 15 , the single chip 9 The input terminal is also connected with four A/D converters 10, and the input terminal of the A/D converter 10 is connected to the resistor device through a wire, and the A/D converter 10 A filter circuit 11 is further disposed between the device and the resistor device; the left fixing portion 3 is connected to the weighing pan, the right fixing portion 4 is connected to the base; the beam 2 has a width of 30 mm, and the resistance strain gauge 8 is attached to the beam 2 The upper surface or the lower surface is 5.36 mm away from the neutral layer; the right fixing portion 4 is provided with a through hole 13 for passing through the wire, and one side wall of the groove 12 is provided with an exit hole for passing through the cable; Board 6 It is connected to the external display unit via a cable.
多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器的称重方法，包括以下步骤：  The multi-channel digital offset error intelligently corrects the weighing method of the load cell, including the following steps:
1 ）、将载荷作用到弹性体 1 上，使弹性体 1 的上、下四个应变区均产生与载荷大小成比例的弯曲弹性形变；  1) Applying a load to the elastomer 1 to make the elastomer 1 The upper and lower four strain zones each produce a bending elastic deformation proportional to the magnitude of the load;
2 ）、通过力学分析计算，根据其空间变形的规律，采用 8 ～ 16 个不同位置粘贴电阻应变计（ 如 30 毫米宽弹性体，电阻应变计 8 贴在应变区距离中性层 5.36mm处 ），组成了多个惠斯通电桥（ S1,S2,.....SN) ，参见附图 8-11 ，供桥电压 VCC 给 S1 供电，在力的作用下桥路输出一个 0 ～ 6mV 的模拟信号； 2), through mechanical analysis and calculation, according to the law of spatial deformation, using 8 to 16 different positions to attach resistance strain gauges (such as 30 The millimeter-wide elastomer, the resistance strain gauge 8 is placed at 5.36 mm from the neutral zone of the strain zone, and constitutes several Wheatstone bridges (S1, S2, .....SN), see Figure 8-11. Bridge voltage VCC supplies power to S1, and the bridge outputs a 0~6mV analog signal under the action of force;
3 ）、四组惠斯通电桥输出的电压信号通过 C1,C2,C3 滤除噪音后送给 U2 高精度模数 A/D 转换器 10 ，通过 SDO 及 SCLC 两个接口将数据传送给单片机 9 ，同理 S2,S3,....SN 也将测量数据发送给单片机 9 ，由 RT 温度传感器和 R8 组成的温度测量电路将弹性体的温度信号送给 U1 ； 3), the voltage signals output by the four sets of Wheatstone bridges are filtered by C1, C2, C3 and sent to U2. High-precision modulus A/D The converter 10 transmits data to the single-chip microcomputer through two interfaces of SDO and SCLC. Similarly, S2, S3, ....SN also sends measurement data to the single-chip microcomputer 9 by RT A temperature measuring circuit consisting of a temperature sensor and R8 sends the temperature signal of the elastomer to U1;
4 ）、单片机 9 对步骤 3 ）所接收到的多路测量数据进行处理，并根据采集到的温度信息进行数字化补偿计算；  4), MCU 9 to step 3 The received multi-path measurement data is processed, and digital compensation calculation is performed according to the collected temperature information;
5 ）、通过单片机 9 上所设的 TXD 和 RXD 异步通讯接口将数据通过电缆线发送至外部显示单元 13 。  5) Send the data to the external display unit through the cable through the TXD and RXD asynchronous communication interfaces set on the MCU 9. 13 .
实施例 2  Example 2
本实施例与实施例 1 的区别在于：通孔 7 的横剖面呈圆形，横梁 2 的上、下表面对应圆形通孔 7 的位置即为应变区，横梁 2 的上、下表面分别设有两组电阻应变装置，电阻应变装置的安装位置与两个相邻的圆形通孔 7 的位置相对应。  The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the cross section of the through hole 7 is circular, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 correspond to the circular through hole 7 The position is the strain zone, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 are respectively provided with two sets of resistance strain devices, and the installation position of the resistance strain device corresponds to the position of two adjacent circular through holes 7.
实施例 3  Example 3
本实施例与实施例 1 的区别在于：所述通孔 7 的横剖面呈方型，横梁 2 的上、下表面对应圆形通孔 7 的位置即为应变区，横梁 2 的上、下表面分别设有两组电阻应变装置，电阻应变装置的安装位置与两个相邻的圆形通孔 7 的位置相对应。  The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the cross section of the through hole 7 is square, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 correspond to the circular through hole. The position is the strain zone, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 are respectively provided with two sets of resistance strain devices, and the installation position of the resistance strain device corresponds to the position of two adjacent circular through holes 7.
实施例 4  Example 4
本实施例与实施例 1 的区别在于：所述通孔 7 的横剖面呈椭圆形，横梁 2 的上、下表面对应圆形通孔 7 的位置即为应变区，横梁 2 的上、下表面分别设有两组电阻应变装置，电阻应变装置的安装位置与两个相邻的圆形通孔 7 的位置相对应。  The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the cross section of the through hole 7 has an elliptical shape, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 correspond to the circular through hole 7 The position is the strain zone, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam 2 are respectively provided with two sets of resistance strain devices, and the installation position of the resistance strain device corresponds to the position of two adjacent circular through holes 7.
提高称重传感器称重精度的关键是降低内部和外部因素的影响。达到更高的精度需要通过称为补偿的过程来'调整'每个称重传感器。补偿的目的是不论温度或加载时间如何，在称重传感器的输出和其所受载荷之间都获得理想的线性关系。在额定承载范围内, 用已知力进行加载时,通过传感器的实际输出量来计算沿'期望值' 曲线的线性补偿系数，从而达到理想结果。数字补偿算法中所使用的补偿系数是用传感器的实际输出量来计算的。数字补偿是在实际加载条件下，对称重传感器的输出进行校正来实现的。 The key to improving the weighing accuracy of load cells is to reduce the effects of internal and external factors. Achieving higher accuracy requires 'tuning' each load cell by a process called compensation. The purpose of the compensation is to obtain an ideal linear relationship between the output of the load cell and the load it is subjected, regardless of temperature or loading time. Within the rated load range, When loading with a known force, calculate the 'expected value' along the actual output of the sensor The linear compensation coefficient of the curve to achieve the desired result. The compensation factor used in the digital compensation algorithm is calculated using the actual output of the sensor. Digital compensation is achieved by correcting the output of the symmetric weight sensor under actual loading conditions.
滞后补偿：Lag compensation:
大多数传感器会表现出称之为滞后的属性。在逐级施加载荷再依次卸下载荷时，传感器的输出会出现滞后或有时称作'内摩擦'的现象。在理想的情况下，相同的载荷在卸载时应当与对应的加载时的读数相同。但事实上却会发生差异，这种差异就称之为滞后。滞后通常是正数，但也有一些负滞后的现象发生过。在电阻应变式传感器中由滞后产生的影响会相当大，往往会限制设备的整体精确度。滞后现象的产生主要来自于传感器的材料特性和几何形状。所有具有反作用力的材料, 不论是金属还是玻璃/陶瓷都显示了不同程度的滞后。高分子材料基底的电阻应变计也显示了滞后，并且在传感器的整体滞后误差中占了很大比例。滞后补偿算法使称重传感器的输出更接近于理想的直线。数字补偿算法中所使用的滞后补偿系数是在额定承载范围内对传感器施加已知力，通过对传感器实际输出的一系列重量值进行计算得出的。该算法根据实际加载量来修正称重传感器的输出, 并考虑到当前的加载量是否大于或小于前一个加载量。当加载和卸载是在同一步骤内完成时，滞后修正过程会相当简单。 Most sensors exhibit properties called hysteresis. When the load is applied step by step and the load is sequentially removed, the output of the sensor may be delayed or sometimes referred to as 'internal friction'. In the ideal case, the same load should be the same as the corresponding load reading when unloading. But in fact, there will be differences, and this difference is called lag. Lag is usually a positive number, but there are also some negative lags that have occurred. The effect of hysteresis in resistive strain sensors can be quite large and tends to limit the overall accuracy of the device. Hysteresis is mainly due to the material properties and geometry of the sensor. All materials with reaction forces, Both metal and glass/ceramic show varying degrees of hysteresis. The resistance strain gauge of the polymer material substrate also shows hysteresis and accounts for a large proportion of the overall hysteresis error of the sensor. The lag compensation algorithm brings the output of the load cell closer to the ideal line. The hysteresis compensation coefficient used in the digital compensation algorithm is to apply a known force to the sensor within the rated load range, and is calculated by calculating a series of weight values actually output by the sensor. The algorithm corrects the output of the load cell based on the actual load. And consider whether the current load is greater or less than the previous load. The lag correction process is fairly straightforward when loading and unloading are done in the same step.
灵敏度温度补偿 ： Sensitivity temperature compensation :
温度是最显著的外部影响因素。称重传感器的主要部件（弹性体和电阻应变计）都是由金属材料制造的。随着温度的变化，金属的热胀冷缩会导致称重传感器的信号输出的变化。在受控的条件下，温度的影响可以被测量出来的。由于温度效应是不变的且可重复的，因此可以进行补偿。要得到温度补偿系数，需要在整个温度范围内测试称重传感器并记录数据，调整由温度产生的相关偏差，以取得预期的结果。补偿系数存储在称重传感器的永久存储器中。 Temperature is the most significant external influence factor. The main components of the load cell (elastomer and resistance strain gauge) are made of metal. As the temperature changes, the thermal expansion and contraction of the metal causes a change in the signal output of the load cell. Under controlled conditions, the effects of temperature can be measured. Since the temperature effect is constant and repeatable, compensation can be performed. To get the temperature compensation factor, it is necessary to test the load cell over the entire temperature range and record the data to adjust the relevant deviation due to temperature to achieve the desired result. The compensation factor is stored in the permanent memory of the load cell.
零点温度补偿：Zero temperature compensation:
零点输出是在零载荷下所测的传感器输出。零点输出的温度补偿是通过某种算法来实现的，该算法使传感器在不同温度下产生相同的零点输出。零点补偿是由整个工作温度范围内所测的零载荷输出读数来确定的。数字补偿算法中所使用的补偿系数是用这些读数来计算的。该算法是根据称重传感器的实际温度，对其输出进行校正的。 The zero output is the sensor output measured at zero load. The temperature compensation of the zero output is achieved by an algorithm that causes the sensor to produce the same zero output at different temperatures. Zero offset is determined by the zero load output reading measured over the entire operating temperature range. The compensation coefficients used in the digital compensation algorithm are calculated using these readings. The algorithm corrects its output based on the actual temperature of the load cell.
蠕变补偿：Creep compensation:
蠕变是传感器在受载不变的情况下，其输出随时间而发生的变化（增加或减少）。在受载条件下， 随着时间的延续称重传感器的金属元件会产生持续的变形。这种持续的变形会在传感器内引起附加的应变。该变形在受控的条件下，加载后时间的影响可以被测量出来。由于这种影响是不变的和可重复的，因此可以进行补偿。蠕变补偿系数是在一个给定的时间内，对称重传感器施加相同的力所决定的。数字补偿算法中所使用的蠕变补偿系数是通过对这些重量读数进行计算得出的。该算法根据实际加载量,加载的时间来修正称重传感器的输出。 Creep is the change (increase or decrease) in the output of a sensor over time when it is loaded. Under load conditions, Over time, the metal components of the load cell will continue to deform. This continued deformation can cause additional strain in the sensor. Under the controlled conditions, the effect of the time after loading can be measured. Since this effect is constant and repeatable, compensation can be made. The creep compensation factor is determined by applying the same force to the symmetric weight sensor at a given time. The creep compensation factor used in the digital compensation algorithm is calculated by calculating these weight readings. The algorithm corrects the output of the load cell based on the actual load and the time of loading.
偏载误差的修正：Correction of offset error:
由于机械加工产生的误差、贴片位置的偏差和电阻应变计自身的原因会导致载荷加到秤台的不同位置是传感器输出产生误差。这种误差通过对秤台不同的位置依次施加相同的载荷并记录下不同位置各电桥的输出，通过对不同电桥的输出数据进行计算处理，实现在一只单点式传感器上不用物理方法对偏载误差的修正。这种采用数字化偏载误差的修正是在电子秤装配完毕后一次完成的，从而节省了大量的人力，且大大提升了生产效率；特别对使用片式结构的弹性体大大降低了弹性体的加工难度、大大减低了制造成本。 Errors due to machining, deviations in the position of the patch, and the resistance strain gauge itself cause the load to be applied to different positions on the weighing platform. This error applies the same load to different positions of the weighing platform and records the output of each bridge at different positions. By calculating the output data of different bridges, no physical method is needed on a single-point sensor. Correction of the eccentricity error. This correction using the digital offset error is completed once after the electronic scale is assembled, which saves a lot of manpower and greatly improves the production efficiency; especially for the use of the elastic structure of the chip structure, the processing of the elastomer is greatly reduced. Difficulty and greatly reduced manufacturing costs.
上述实施例的多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器具有以下优点：  The multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction load cell of the above embodiment has the following advantages:
1 、实现了在一只单点式称重传感器上不用挫修，一次检测就能完成对偏载误差的数字化智能修正，且修正精度大大提高，可以方便的满足 2 级秤对偏载误差的要求。  1 It realizes that there is no need to frustrate on a single-point load cell, and one-time detection can complete the digital intelligent correction of the eccentric load error, and the correction accuracy is greatly improved, which can conveniently meet the requirements of the two-stage scale for the eccentric load error. .
2 、通过对惠斯通电桥输出的电压信号进行数字化处理，不用温度灵敏度补偿电阻、温度灵敏度线性化调整和补偿量微调电阻、温度零点补偿电阻、零点输出补偿电阻，即可完成温度灵敏度、温度零点、零点输出的补偿，且补偿精度提高了一个数量级，可以轻松满足 2 级秤对温度误差的要求。  2 By digitally processing the voltage signal output from the Wheatstone bridge, temperature sensitivity and temperature zero can be completed without temperature sensitivity compensation resistor, temperature sensitivity linearization adjustment and compensation amount trimming resistor, temperature zero compensation resistor, and zero output compensation resistor. Compensation for zero output, and the compensation accuracy is increased by an order of magnitude, which can be easily satisfied The temperature scale error requirement of the 2-level scale.
3 、通过对惠斯通电桥输出的电压信号进行数字化处理，实现了对电阻应变式称重传感器输出的线性、蠕变、滞后的数字化修正，提高了电阻应变式称重传感器的精度等级。  3 By digitally processing the voltage signal outputted by the Wheatstone bridge, the digital correction of the linearity, creep and hysteresis of the output of the resistance strain gauge load cell is realized, and the accuracy level of the resistance strain gauge load cell is improved.
4 、采用传感器在线固件升级，为产品升级和故障诊断提供了方便。  4, using sensor online firmware upgrade, for product upgrade and troubleshooting.
5 、采用指令式通讯协议，降低了数据通讯频率，大大降低传感器的功耗。  5, the use of command communication protocol, reducing the frequency of data communication, greatly reducing the power consumption of the sensor.

Claims (1)

1 、多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器，其特征在于包括由铝合金材料制成的弹性体（ 1 ），弹性体（ 1 ）由中间的横梁（ 2 ）及两端的左固定部（ 3 ）、右固定部（ 4 ）构成，两个固定部与横梁（ 2 ）为一体结构，左固定部（ 3 ）上形成有安装孔（ 5 ），右固定部（ 4 ）的下表面设有安装孔（ 5 ），右固定部（ 4 ）的上表面设有用于放置线路板（ 6 ）的凹槽（ 12 ），横梁（ 2 ）的内部设有多个贯穿横梁（ 2 ）的通孔（ 7 ），横梁（ 2 ）的上、下表面对应通孔（ 7 ）的位置即为应变区，横梁（ 2 ）的上、下表面分别设有两组电阻应变装置，每组电阻应变装置均由四个电阻应变计组成，四组电阻应变装置通过导线与线路板（ 6 ）相焊接，线路板（ 6 ）与外部显示单元（ 13 ）通讯连接，横梁（ 2 ）的上、下两个表面以及凹槽（ 12 ）的外表面上均包覆有防腐处理层。1. Multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction load cell, characterized by comprising an elastic body made of aluminum alloy material (1), an elastomer (1) ) is composed of a middle beam ( 2 ) and a left fixing portion ( 3 ) and a right fixing portion ( 4 ) at both ends, the two fixing portions are integrally formed with the beam ( 2 ), and the mounting holes are formed on the left fixing portion ( 3 ) (5 The lower surface of the right fixing portion (4) is provided with a mounting hole (5), and the upper surface of the right fixing portion (4) is provided with a groove (12) for placing the circuit board (6), the beam (2) The inside of the beam is provided with a plurality of through holes (7) penetrating the beam (2). The upper and lower surfaces of the beam (2) correspond to the position of the through hole (7), which is the strain zone, and the beam (2) The upper and lower surfaces are respectively provided with two sets of resistance strain devices, each set of resistance strain devices is composed of four resistance strain gauges, and four sets of resistance strain devices are welded to the circuit board (6) through the wires, and the circuit board (6) ) is connected to the external display unit ( 13 ), and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam ( 2 ) and the outer surface of the groove ( 12 ) are coated with an anti-corrosion treatment layer.
2 、按照权利要求 1 所述的多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器，其特征在于所述通孔（ 7 ）的横剖面呈花瓣状，横梁（ 2 ）的上、下表面对应花瓣状通孔（ 7 ）的位置即为应变区，花瓣状通孔（ 7 ）的边是由四个直径相同的半圆Ⅰ（ 7-1 ）、半圆Ⅱ（ 7-2 ）、半圆Ⅲ（ 7-3 ）、半圆Ⅳ（ 7-4 ）组成，横梁（ 2 ）的上、下表面分别设有两组电阻应变装置，上表面的两组电阻应变装置的安装位置与两个花瓣状通孔（ 7 ）的半圆Ⅰ（ 7-1 ）、半圆Ⅱ（ 7-2 ）的位置相对应，下表面的两组电阻应变装置的安装位置与两个花瓣状通孔（ 7 ）的半圆Ⅲ（ 7-3 ）、半圆Ⅳ（ 7-4 ）的位置相对应。2. The multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction load cell according to claim 1, wherein said through hole (7) The cross section of the beam is petal-like, and the upper and lower surfaces of the beam (2) correspond to the position of the petal-like through hole (7), which is the strain zone, and the edge of the petal-like through hole (7) is composed of four semicircles I of the same diameter. ( 7-1 ), semicircle II ( 7-2 ), semicircle III ( 7-3 ), semicircle IV ( 7-4 ), beam ( 2 The upper and lower surfaces are respectively provided with two sets of resistance strain devices, the mounting positions of the two sets of resistance strain devices on the upper surface and the semicircle I (7-1) and semicircle II of the two petal-like through holes (7). 2 Corresponding position, the installation position of the two sets of resistance strain devices on the lower surface and the semicircle III (7-3) and semicircle IV of the two petal-like through holes (7) The position of the corresponding).
3 、按照权利要求 1 所述的多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器，其特征在于所述通孔（ 7 ）的横剖面呈圆形或者方型或者椭圆形，横梁（ 2 ）的上、下表面对应圆形通孔（ 7 ）的位置即为应变区，横梁（ 2 ）的上、下表面分别设有两组电阻应变装置，电阻应变装置的安装位置与两个相邻的圆形通孔（ 7 ）的位置相对应。3. The multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction load cell according to claim 1, wherein said through hole (7) The cross section of the beam is circular or square or elliptical. The upper and lower surfaces of the beam ( 2 ) correspond to the position of the circular through hole ( 7 ), which is the strain zone. The upper and lower surfaces are respectively provided with two sets of resistance strain devices, and the installation position of the resistance strain device corresponds to the positions of two adjacent circular through holes (7).
4 、按照权利要求 1-3 任一权利要求所述的多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器，其特征在于所述电阻应变装置是由四个呈田字格状排列的电阻应变计（ 8 ）构成，电阻应变计（ 8 ）依次通过导线相连接，形成惠斯通电桥。4, according to claims 1-3 A multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction load cell according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said resistance strain device is composed of four resistance strain gauges (8) arranged in a grid pattern, and the resistance strain gauge ( 8 ) The wires are connected in turn to form a Wheatstone bridge.
5 、按照权利要求 4 所述的多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器，其特征在于所述线路板（ 6 ）上设有单片机（ 9 ）以及电源电路，单片机（ 9 ）连接有温度测量电路（ 15 ），单片机（ 9 ）的输入端还连接有四个 A/D 转换器（ 10 ）、 A/D 转换器（ 10 ）的输入端与电阻应装置通过导线相连接， A/D 转换器（ 10 ）与电阻应装置之间还设有滤波电路（ 11 ）。The multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction weighing sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that the circuit board (6) is provided with a single chip microcomputer (9). And the power circuit, the single chip (9) is connected with a temperature measuring circuit (15), and the input end of the single chip (9) is also connected with four A/D converters (10), A/D converters (10) The input terminal and the resistor should be connected by wires, and a filter circuit (11) is also arranged between the A/D converter (10) and the resistor device.
6 、按照权利要求 4 任一权利要求所述的多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器，其特征在于所述左固定部（ 3 ）与秤盘相连接，右固定部（ 4 ）与底座相连接。6. The multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction load cell according to any one of claims 4 to 4, wherein the left fixing portion (3) ) is connected to the weighing pan, and the right fixing portion ( 4 ) is connected to the base.
7 、按照权利要求 4 任一权利要求所述的多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器，其特征在于所述横梁（ 2 ）的宽度为 30 毫米，电阻应变计（ 8 ）贴于横梁（ 2 ）上表面或者下表面上距中性层 5.36mm 处。7. A multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction load cell according to any of claims 4, wherein the width of the beam (2) is 30 mm, the resistance strain gauge (8) is attached to the upper surface or the lower surface of the beam (2) at 5.36 mm from the neutral layer.
8 、按照权利要求 4 任一权利要求所述的多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器，其特征在于所述右固定部（ 4 ）上开设有用于穿过导线的通孔（ 13 ），凹槽（ 12 ）的一面侧壁上设有用于穿过电缆线的出孔。8. The multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction load cell according to any one of claims 4 to 4, wherein the right fixing portion (4) A through hole (13) for passing through the wire is provided, and a side wall of the groove (12) is provided with an exit hole for passing through the cable.
9 、按照权利要求 4 任一权利要求所述的多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器，其特征在于所述线路板（ 6 ）通过电缆线与外部显示单元通讯连接。9. A multi-channel digital offset error intelligent correction load cell according to any of claims 4, wherein said circuit board (6) ) Communicate with an external display unit via a cable.
10 、多通道数字化偏载误差智能修正称重传感器的称重方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：10. Multi-channel digital offset error The intelligent weighing method of weighing cell is characterized by the following steps:
1 ）、将载荷作用到弹性体（ 1 ）上，使弹性体（ 1 ）的上、下四个应变区均产生与载荷大小成比例的弯曲弹性形变；1) Applying a load to the elastomer (1) to make the elastomer (1) The upper and lower four strain zones each produce a bending elastic deformation proportional to the magnitude of the load;
2 ）、通过施加激励电压的惠斯通电桥将四组电阻应变装置中的电阻应变计（ 8 ）电阻的变化转换成电压信号输出；2) Resistance strain gauges in four sets of resistance strain devices by applying a Wheatstone bridge with an excitation voltage (8) The change in resistance is converted into a voltage signal output;
3 ）、四组惠斯通电桥输出的电压信号通过滤波电路（ 11 ）滤除噪音后输送给 A/D 转换器（ 10 ）， A/D 转换器（ 10 ）将数字信号传送至单片机（ 9 ），通过温度测量电路（ 15 ）可以实时监测弹性体（ 1 ）的温度，并将温度信息传送至单片机（ 9 ）；3), the voltage signals output by the four groups of Wheatstone bridges are filtered by the filter circuit (11) and then sent to the A/D converter (10), A/D The converter (10) transmits the digital signal to the single chip microcomputer (9), and the temperature measuring circuit (15) can monitor the temperature of the elastomer (1) in real time and transmit the temperature information to the single chip microcomputer (9). );
4 ）、单片机（ 9 ）对步骤 3 ）所接收到的多路测量数据进行处理，并根据采集到的温度信息进行数字化补偿计算；4), single chip (9) on step 3 The received multi-path measurement data is processed, and digital compensation calculation is performed according to the collected temperature information;
5 ）、通过单片机（ 9 ）上所设的 TXD 和 RXD 异步通讯接口将数据通过电缆线发送至外部显示单元（ 13 ）。5) Send the data to the external display unit through the cable through the TXD and RXD asynchronous communication interfaces set up on the MCU (9) (13) ).
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