WO2016075872A1 - Throttle device and refrigeration cycle system with same - Google Patents

Throttle device and refrigeration cycle system with same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016075872A1
WO2016075872A1 PCT/JP2015/005283 JP2015005283W WO2016075872A1 WO 2016075872 A1 WO2016075872 A1 WO 2016075872A1 JP 2015005283 W JP2015005283 W JP 2015005283W WO 2016075872 A1 WO2016075872 A1 WO 2016075872A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
needle member
refrigerant
valve port
guide tube
valve seat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2015/005283
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
裕正 高田
雄一郎 當山
Original Assignee
株式会社鷺宮製作所
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社鷺宮製作所 filed Critical 株式会社鷺宮製作所
Priority to CN201580056610.6A priority Critical patent/CN107148544B/en
Publication of WO2016075872A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016075872A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
    • F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a throttling device and a refrigeration cycle system including the same.
  • a system having a differential pressure type throttle device instead of a capillary tube as a throttle device has been proposed.
  • the differential pressure type throttling device can optimally control the refrigerant pressure between the condenser outlet and the evaporator inlet in order to efficiently operate the compressor according to the outside air temperature, and can change the rotation speed of the compressor.
  • the refrigerant pressure is optimally controlled in accordance with the rotational speed of the compressor from the viewpoint of labor saving.
  • the expansion device is joined to a primary side pipe connected to the condenser at one end where the refrigerant is introduced, and joined to a secondary side pipe connected to the evaporator at the other end where the refrigerant is discharged. ing.
  • the differential pressure type throttling device includes, for example, a cylindrical housing fixed to the inside of the body connected to the refrigerant passage as disclosed in Patent Document 1.
  • the housing has a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet.
  • the housing has a strainer at the refrigerant inlet communicating with the valve hole and the fixed orifice.
  • the fixed orifice communicates with the refrigerant outlet and the downstream outlet of the body through the space between the outer peripheral part of the housing and the inner peripheral part of the body.
  • a shaft and a piston connected to the valve body are movably arranged.
  • the shaft and the piston are urged by a spring that is arranged in the piston and urges the valve body to close the tip of the valve body with respect to the valve seat.
  • the biasing force of the spring is adjusted by an adjusting screw screwed into the end of the housing.
  • the tip surface of the above-mentioned valve body is formed in a substantially conical surface so as to abut against a valve seat formed on the periphery of the opening end of the valve hole.
  • the bleed amount when the bleed amount is set by the above-described fixed orifice, the bleed amount is set when the set bleed amount varies due to the manufacturing error of the parts constituting each throttle device. It may be necessary to replace the housing to adjust to the proper amount. Also, if a foreign substance in the refrigerant that has not been captured by the strainer is clogged in the fixed orifice, it is not easy to remove the foreign substance, and the housing must be replaced. Furthermore, in the unlikely event that the valve body moves in a direction in which the valve hole is closed, the substantially conical surface of the valve body may bite into the valve seat formed on the periphery of the opening end of the valve hole.
  • the present invention is a throttling device and a refrigeration cycle system including the same, in which the amount of bleed can be adjusted, and in the unlikely event, the valve body closes the valve hole. It is an object of the present invention to provide a throttling device that can avoid biting of the valve body against the valve seat, and a refrigeration cycle system including the same.
  • a throttle device includes a primary chamber that is joined to a pipe of a refrigeration cycle system, is formed on the upstream side of a refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit, and refrigerant is introduced, and a refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit.
  • the force acting on the needle member due to pressure is the biasing part
  • the tip portion has a large diameter portion larger than the diameter of the minimum diameter portion of the tapered portion of
  • the stopper member may extend to the primary chamber side and be fixed to a cylindrical portion formed integrally with the valve seat.
  • a throttling device in a pipe for supplying refrigerant, and has a guide tube having both ends of an open end communicating with the pipe, a valve seat formed in the guide tube and having a valve port, and a guide At least one communication path that is formed adjacent to the valve seat in the tube and communicates with the inner and outer peripheries of the guide tube, and is arranged to be close to or away from the valve port of the valve seat, and controls the opening area of the valve port
  • a needle member having a tapered tip, a biasing member that is disposed between the needle member and one open end of the guide tube and biases the needle member in a direction adjacent to the valve port of the valve seat, and the needle If the force acting on the needle member due to the refrigerant pressure does not exceed the urging force of the urging member, the urging member is urged by the urging member.
  • a stopper member for supporting a tip end portion of the needle member to be abutted so as to create a gap between the tip portion of the needle member and the peripheral edge of the valve port,
  • the portion has a large diameter portion larger than the diameter of the minimum diameter portion of the tapered portion of the needle member.
  • the stopper member may be partly or entirely formed of a porous material, and the guide tube is disposed with a predetermined gap on the inner peripheral portion of the tube body having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the guide tube. It may be a thing.
  • the refrigeration cycle system includes an evaporator, a compressor, and a condenser, and any one of the above-described throttle devices is disposed between the outlet of the condenser and the inlet of the evaporator. It is provided in the piping.
  • the tube body when the force acting on the needle member due to the pressure of the refrigerant is not exceeded the urging force of the urging member, the tube body is disposed in the primary chamber.
  • a stopper member is provided to support the tip of the tapered tip of the needle member so that the opening area of the valve port becomes a predetermined value, and the tip of the tapered tip of the needle member is larger than the inner diameter of the valve port. Because it has a large diameter portion that is small and larger than the diameter of the smallest diameter portion of the needle member, the amount of bleed can be adjusted, and in the unlikely event, the valve body closes the valve hole. Even when it moves in the direction, it is possible to avoid biting of the valve body against the valve seat.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a main part of an example of a diaphragm device according to the present invention partially enlarged.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of an example of a refrigeration cycle system including an example of a throttle device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a splash member used in the example shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a main part of an example of the diaphragm device according to the present invention partially enlarged.
  • FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing a flow rate characteristic according to the differential pressure of the throttle portion in the example shown in FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another example of the stopper member in the example shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of another example of the diaphragm device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the operation in the example shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 shows a configuration of an example of a throttle device according to the present invention applied to an example of a refrigeration cycle system.
  • the expansion device is disposed between the outlet of the condenser 6 and the inlet of the evaporator 2 in the piping of the refrigeration cycle system.
  • the throttle device is joined to the primary side pipe Du1 at one end 10E1 of the tube body 10 to be described later, and joined to the secondary side pipe Du2 at the other end 10E2 of the tube body 10 from which the refrigerant is discharged.
  • the primary side pipe Du1 connects the outlet of the condenser 6 and the throttle device
  • the secondary side pipe Du2 connects the inlet of the evaporator 2 and the throttle device.
  • the expansion device is integrated with the tube main body 10 joined to the pipe of the above-described refrigeration cycle system, the guide tube 18 fixed to the inner peripheral portion of the tube main body 10, and the end portion of the guide tube 18 near the primary side pipe Du1.
  • the valve seat 18V that forms the refrigerant flow rate adjusting unit that adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant, the needle member 20, the coil spring 16 that urges the needle member 20 toward the valve seat 18V, and the coil spring 16 includes a spring receiving portion 12 that supports one end portion of 16 and a stopper member 22 that receives a large-diameter portion 20PS of a needle member 20 to be described later as main elements.
  • the tube body 10 having a predetermined length and diameter is made of, for example, a copper pipe or an aluminum pipe, and is joined to the primary side pipe Du1 connected to the condenser 6 at one end 10E1 into which the refrigerant is introduced.
  • the other end 10E2 from which the refrigerant is discharged is joined to the secondary side pipe Du2 connected to the evaporator 2.
  • the outer peripheral part of the guide tube 18 is fixed to an intermediate part separated from the one end 10E1 in the inner peripheral part of the tube main body 10 by a predetermined distance.
  • the guide tube 18 is fixed by the protrusion formed by the depression 10CA1 of the tube main body 10 by caulking process biting into the outer periphery thereof.
  • the guide tube 18 is made of, for example, a copper pipe, a brass pipe, an aluminum pipe, or a stainless steel pipe, and has a spring receiving portion 12 at an end portion near the other end 10E2 of the tube body 10.
  • a stopper member 22 is provided on the inner peripheral portion of the tube main body 10 at the end close to the one end 10E1.
  • the spring receiving portion 12 is fixed by the protrusion formed by the depression 18CA1 of the guide tube 18 by caulking process biting into the outer peripheral portion thereof.
  • the spring receiving portion 12 as the urging member support portion has a spring guide 12b with which one end of the coil spring 16 is engaged.
  • the stopper member 22 is fixed to the inner peripheral portion 18a by the protrusion formed by the depression 18CA2 of the guide tube 18 by caulking process biting into the outer peripheral portion.
  • the stopper member 22 is made of, for example, a metal porous material through which a refrigerant can pass or a cylindrical shape made of sintered metal. Both end surfaces of the stopper member 22 have substantially flat surfaces. A large-diameter portion 20PS of the needle member 20 to be described later is in contact with one end surface of both end surfaces of the stopper member 22. Thereby, the foreign material mixed in the refrigerant is also captured by the stopper member 22. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a strainer or the like in the piping of the refrigeration cycle system.
  • the stopper member 22 is not limited to such an example.
  • the stopper member 26 includes a cylindrical core member 26B made of stainless steel or the like, and an outer peripheral portion of the core member 26B. You may comprise from the surrounding cylindrical member 26A.
  • the cylindrical member 26A is made of, for example, a metal porous material or a sintered metal.
  • FIG. 6 the same components as those in the example shown in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is omitted.
  • the inner peripheral portion of the guide tube 18 is communicated between the inner peripheral portion of the tube body 10 and the outer peripheral portion of the guide tube 18.
  • a first communication hole 18b and a second communication hole 18c are formed.
  • the diameter of the second communication hole 18c is set larger than the diameter of the first communication hole 18b.
  • a valve seat 18V formed between the stopper member 22 and the second communication hole 18c in the guide tube 18 has a valve port 18P into which a tapered portion 20P in the needle member 20 described later is inserted in the inner central portion. Yes.
  • the valve port 18P has a predetermined diameter ⁇ D1 and is formed to be wide toward the one end 10E1 along the central axis of the valve seat 18V.
  • the needle member 20 is made of, for example, brass or stainless steel, and has a cylindrical main body 20B, a tapered portion 20P formed at an end of the main body 20B facing the valve seat 18V, and a coil in the main body 20B. And a projecting spring guide portion 20D formed at the end facing the other end of the spring 16.
  • the joint portion between the main body portion 20B and the tapered portion 20P faces the second communication hole 18c.
  • the other end portion of the coil spring 16 is engaged with the spring guide portion 20 ⁇ / b> D of the needle member 20.
  • a spring guide portion 12 b is engaged with one end portion of the coil spring 16.
  • the spring guide portion 20 ⁇ / b> D of the needle member 20 is provided with a spring member 24 that reduces the moving speed of the needle member 20.
  • the spring member 24 includes, for example, three contact pieces 24a, 24b, and 24c that are made of a sheet metal material and integrally formed with the annular fixing piece 24A. ing.
  • the spring guide portion 20D is inserted into the hole 24d of the fixed piece 24A.
  • the three contact pieces 24a, 24b, and 24c are formed at an equal angle along the circumferential direction of the fixed piece 24A. As a result, the moving speed of the needle member 20 is reduced by the tips of the elastically displaceable contact pieces 24 a, 24 b, 24 c sliding on the inner peripheral surface of the guide tube 18 with a predetermined load.
  • the frustoconical tapered portion 20P having a predetermined taper angle has a base portion having a diameter larger than the diameter ⁇ D1 of the valve port 18P at a position separated from the valve port 18P. .
  • a taper whose outer diameter decreases toward the tip of the taper 20P is applied to the boundary portion between the main body 20B and the base of the taper 20P.
  • the taper faces the second communication hole 18c, and is chamfered so that the fluid that has passed through the throttle portion described later easily flows into the second communication hole 18c.
  • a cylindrical portion having a uniform diameter is formed at a predetermined length at an end portion having a minimum diameter in the tapered portion 20P.
  • the length from the position corresponding to the opening end of the valve port 18P in the tapered portion 20P to the above-described cylindrical portion is set to a predetermined length L.
  • the valve opening can be increased in accordance with the differential pressure (the difference between the refrigerant inlet pressure on the one end 10E1 side and the refrigerant outlet pressure on the other end 10E2 side).
  • the differential pressure the difference between the refrigerant inlet pressure on the one end 10E1 side and the refrigerant outlet pressure on the other end 10E2 side.
  • a large diameter portion 20PS having a diameter ⁇ D2 that is larger than the diameter in the vicinity of the cylindrical portion and slightly smaller than the diameter ⁇ D1 is formed at the most distal end portion of the tapered portion 20P that extends toward the stopper member 22.
  • the thickness of the large diameter portion 20PS is set to a predetermined value T.
  • the outer peripheral portion of the tapered portion 20P forms a predetermined gap with respect to the peripheral edge of the opening end portion of the valve port 18P.
  • the large diameter portion 20PS is in contact with the flat surface of the stopper member 22 with a predetermined pressure corresponding to the difference between the biasing force of the coil spring 16 and the pressure of the refrigerant from the primary side pipe Du1.
  • the throttle portion refers to a portion (narrowest portion) where the intersection of the perpendicular line from the peripheral edge of the valve port 18V to the bus bar of the tapered detail 20P and the bus bar of the tapered detail 20P is closest to the edge of the valve port 18V.
  • the area of the conical surface drawn by the perpendicular is the opening area of the diaphragm.
  • a predetermined bleed amount that passes through the throttle portion is set.
  • an undesired pressure acts on the needle member 20, and the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 becomes the valve seat. Biting into the open end of the 18V valve port 18P is avoided.
  • the outer peripheral portion of the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 is caused by the differential pressure (the difference between the refrigerant inlet pressure on the one end 10E1 side and the refrigerant outlet pressure on the other end 10E2 side) at the periphery of the opening end portion of the valve port 18V.
  • the separation start timing at which separation starts further is set based on the urging force of the coil spring 16.
  • the spring constant of the coil spring 16 is set to a predetermined value.
  • the contact area of the large-diameter portion 20PS on the flat surface of the stopper member 22 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the end portion of the tapered portion 20P so as to reduce the surface pressure, the wear of the large-diameter portion 20PS of the needle member 20 is reduced. Suppressed and bleed flow hardly changes over time. Further, when the large diameter portion 20PS comes into contact with the stopper portion 22, a biasing force in the valve closing direction by the coil spring 16 acts on the contact surface between the stopper portion 22 and the large diameter portion 20PS.
  • the adjustment of the urging force of the coil spring 16, that is, the adjustment of the reference height (set length) of the coil spring 16 corresponding to each refrigerant is performed by the following procedure, for example.
  • the reference height refers to the height of the coil spring 16 set so as to be the above-described predetermined separation timing of the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 corresponding to each refrigerant.
  • the needle member 20 is inserted into the inner peripheral portion of the guide tube 18. Then, the needle member 20 is pressed against the valve seat 18V using a coil spring or the like, and then, the guide tube 18 into which the stopper member 22 is inserted is, for example, a bleed flow rate measuring device / caulking device using air as a fluid. After adjusting the position of the stopper member 22 relative to the guide tube 18 so that the air flow rate is equal to the target bleed flow rate, the stopper member 22 is caulked and fixed to the guide tube 18 so that the bleed Adjustment of the flow rate is completed.
  • the guide tube 18 to which the stopper member 22 is fixed is disposed in advance in a state where it is disposed in a predetermined performance measurement / caulking device (not shown) using air as a fluid, for example.
  • the spring receiving portion 12 is caulked and fixed, whereby the spring of the coil spring 16 is The length adjustment is completed.
  • valve opening start pressure corresponding to each refrigerant can be adjusted, and the structure of the expansion device can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be simplified. Can be reduced.
  • the characteristic line La may be a gentle curve convex downward due to the influence of pressure loss or the like in the piping.
  • FIG. 7 shows the configuration of another example of the expansion device according to the present invention applied to an example of the refrigeration cycle system.
  • the same components as those in the example shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is omitted.
  • the throttle device is disposed between the outlet of the condenser and the inlet of the evaporator in the piping of the refrigeration cycle system, as in the example shown in FIG.
  • the throttle device is joined to a primary side pipe at one end 10'E1 of a tube body 10 'to be described later, and joined to a secondary side pipe at the other end 10'E2 of the tube body 10' from which the refrigerant is discharged. Yes.
  • the expansion device is provided on the tube body 10 ′ joined to the piping of the above-described refrigeration cycle system and the inner peripheral portion of the tube body 10 ′ near the primary side piping 10 ′ E 1, and adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant.
  • the valve seat 38 constituting the refrigerant flow rate adjusting unit, the needle member 20, the coil spring 28 that urges the needle member 20 toward the valve seat 38, and one end of the coil spring 28 are supported.
  • the main element includes an urging force adjusting screw mechanism 33 that adjusts the urging force of the coil spring 28 and a stopper member 32 that is connected to the valve seat 38 and receives the large-diameter portion 20PS of the needle member 20. ing.
  • the tube body 10 'having a predetermined length and diameter is made of, for example, a copper pipe or an aluminum pipe, and is joined to a primary side pipe connected to a condenser at one end 10'E1 into which a refrigerant is introduced.
  • the other end 10′E2 from which the refrigerant is discharged is joined to the secondary side pipe connected to the evaporator.
  • the outer peripheral portion of the valve seat 38 is fixed to an intermediate portion separated from the one end 10 ′ E ⁇ b> 1 at the inner peripheral portion of the tube main body 10 ′ by a predetermined distance.
  • the outer periphery of the valve seat 38 is fixed by the protrusion formed by the depression 10′CA1 of the tube main body 10 ′ by caulking process biting into the outer periphery.
  • a recess 10'CA3 for positioning the inserted primary side pipe is formed on the upstream side of the valve seat 38 in the tube body 10 '.
  • the valve seat 38 has a valve port 38P into which the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 is inserted in the center of the inside.
  • the valve port 38P has a predetermined diameter and is formed in a divergent shape toward the one end 10′E1 along the central axis of the valve seat 38.
  • the male threaded portion of the stopper member 32 is screwed into the female threaded portion of the female threaded portion of the cylindrical portion as the cylindrical portion extending the inner peripheral surface forming the valve port 38P of the valve seat 38.
  • the cylindrical stopper member 32 is made of, for example, stainless steel and has through holes 32a with a predetermined interval on a common circumference.
  • the through hole 32 a penetrates along the central axis of the stopper member 32.
  • Both end surfaces of the stopper member 32 have substantially flat surfaces. One end face of the both end faces of the stopper member 32 is in contact with the large diameter portion 20PS of the needle member 20.
  • the stopper member 32 is not limited to such an example.
  • the stopper member 32 may be formed of a composite body including a cylindrical core member made of stainless steel and a cylindrical member surrounding the outer peripheral portion of the core member. Good.
  • the cylindrical member may be made of, for example, a metal porous material or a sintered metal. Thereby, the foreign material mixed in the refrigerant is also captured by the stopper member 32. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a strainer or the like in the piping of the refrigeration cycle system.
  • the biasing force adjusting screw mechanism 33 includes an adjusting screw support portion 31 that is fixed to the inner peripheral portion of the tube main body 10 ′ and has a female screw portion, and an adjusting screw 30 that is engaged with the other end portion of the coil spring 28. It consists of
  • the adjusting screw 30 has a male screw portion on the outer peripheral portion and a through hole 30a on the inner center portion.
  • the male screw portion is fitted into the female screw of the adjustment screw support portion 31 fixed to the inner peripheral portion of the tube main body 10 ′.
  • the adjustment screw support portion 31 is fixed by biting a protrusion formed by the depression 10′CA2 of the tube main body 10 ′ by caulking.
  • a groove for engaging the tip of the driver is formed at the end of the adjustment screw 30 on the side of the other end 10′E2 of the tube body 10 ′.
  • the amount of deflection of the coil spring 28 is adjusted by turning and sending the adjustment screw 30 by the tip of the driver, so that the biasing force of the coil spring 28 is adjusted according to the design pressure of the refrigerant.
  • a predetermined differential pressure the difference between the refrigerant inlet pressure on the one end 10′E1 side and the refrigerant outlet pressure on the other end 10′E2 side
  • the position of the needle member 20 in the tapered portion 20P is The urging force of the coil spring 28 is adjusted so as to be in the position of the specified lift amount.
  • the throttle portion refers to a point (narrowest portion) where the intersection of the perpendicular line from the peripheral edge of the valve port 38P to the bus bar of the tapered detail 20P and the bus bar of the tapered detail 20P is closest to the edge of the valve port 38P.
  • the area of the conical surface drawn by the perpendicular is the opening area of the diaphragm.
  • a predetermined bleed amount that passes through the throttle portion is set. Further, since the large diameter portion 20PS of the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 is in contact with the flat surface of the stopper member 32, an undesired pressure acts on the needle member 20, and the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 becomes the valve seat. Biting into the open ends of the 38 valve ports 38P is avoided.
  • the outer peripheral portion of the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 is opened by the differential pressure (the difference between the refrigerant inlet pressure on the one end 10′E1 side and the refrigerant outlet pressure on the other end 10′E2 side).
  • the separation start timing at which the separation starts from the peripheral edge of the end portion is set based on the urging force of the coil spring 28.
  • the spring constant of the coil spring 28 is set to a predetermined value.
  • the contact area of the large-diameter portion 20PS on the flat surface of the stopper member 32 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the end of the tapered portion 20P so as to reduce the surface pressure, the wear of the large-diameter portion 20PS of the needle member 20 is reduced. Suppressed and bleed flow hardly changes over time. Further, when the large diameter portion 20PS comes into contact with the stopper portion 32, the urging force in the valve closing direction by the coil spring 28 acts on the contact surface between the stopper portion 32 and the large diameter portion 20PS.
  • the refrigerant flowing through the stopper member 32 and the above-described throttle portion causes the peripheral edge of the valve port 38 ⁇ / b> P.
  • the needle member 20 is pressed against the urging force of the coil spring 28 in a direction further away from the coil spring 28.
  • the flow rate Q of the refrigerant gradually increases along the characteristic line La from the bleed amount as the above-described differential pressure DP increases.
  • the value PA (0.3 Mpa) and the flow rate Q are equal to or greater than the predetermined value GA (2 liters), the flow rate increases rapidly along the characteristic line La as the differential pressure DP increases.
  • the amount of bleed can be adjusted, and even if the valve body moves in the direction of closing the valve hole, the bite of the valve body against the valve seat You can avoid sticking.
  • the distal end portion of the tapered portion 20 ⁇ / b> P extending toward the stopper members 22, 26, and 32 has a diameter larger than the diameter near the cylindrical portion.
  • the large-diameter portion 20PS having a diameter ⁇ D2 slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the valve port is integrally formed with the tapered portion 20P.
  • the present invention is not limited to such an example.
  • the large-diameter portion and the tapered portion 20P may be integrated by a screw mechanism or joining. In such a case, the diameter of the large diameter portion can be set larger than the inner diameter of the valve port. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
  • the large diameter portion is formed at the forefront of the tapered portion 20P.
  • the present invention is not limited to such an example.
  • the large-diameter portion of the needle member may be formed like a ridge at a position closer to the base side than the most distal end of the needle member.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)

Abstract

A throttle device is configured such that a guide tube (18) has: a spring receiving section (12) at the end of the guide tube (18) which is close to one end (10E1) of a tube body (10); a stopper member (22) located at the end of the guide tube (18) which is close to the other end (10E2) of the tube body (10); and a needle member (20) located between the spring receiving section (12) and the stopper member (22). The foremost part of the tapered section (20P) of the needle member (20) extending toward the stopper member (22) has formed thereon a large-diameter section (20PS) having a diameter φ (D2) greater than the diameter of the vicinity of the solid circular cylindrical section of the tapered section (20P) and slightly smaller than a diameter φ (D1).

Description

絞り装置、および、それを備える冷凍サイクルシステムThrottle device and refrigeration cycle system including the same
　本発明は、絞り装置、および、それを備える冷凍サイクルシステムに関する。 The present invention relates to a throttling device and a refrigeration cycle system including the same.
　空調装置における冷凍サイクルシステムにおいては、絞り装置としてのキャピラリチューブに代えて差圧式の絞り装置を備えるものが提案されている。差圧式の絞り装置は、外気温度に応じて圧縮機を効率よく作動させるために凝縮器出口と蒸発器入口との間の冷媒の圧力を最適に制御するとともに、圧縮機の回転数を変更できる冷凍サイクルシステムにおいても、省力化の観点から圧縮機の回転数に応じた冷媒の圧力を最適に制御するものとされる。絞り装置は、例えば、冷媒が導入される一端で、凝縮器に接続される一次側配管に接合されており、冷媒が排出される他端で蒸発器に接続される二次側配管に接合されている。 In a refrigeration cycle system in an air conditioner, a system having a differential pressure type throttle device instead of a capillary tube as a throttle device has been proposed. The differential pressure type throttling device can optimally control the refrigerant pressure between the condenser outlet and the evaporator inlet in order to efficiently operate the compressor according to the outside air temperature, and can change the rotation speed of the compressor. Also in the refrigeration cycle system, the refrigerant pressure is optimally controlled in accordance with the rotational speed of the compressor from the viewpoint of labor saving. For example, the expansion device is joined to a primary side pipe connected to the condenser at one end where the refrigerant is introduced, and joined to a secondary side pipe connected to the evaporator at the other end where the refrigerant is discharged. ing.
　差圧式の絞り装置は、例えば、特許文献１に示されるように、冷媒の通路に接続されるボディの内側に固定される筒状のハウジングを備えている。そのハウジングは、冷媒入口および冷媒出口を有している。ハウジングは、弁孔および固定オリフィスに連通するストレーナを冷媒入口に有している。固定オリフィスは、ハウジングの外周部とボディの内周部との間を介して冷媒出口およびボディの下流側出口に連通している。これにより、後述する弁体が弁座に着座し弁孔が閉状態である場合においても、冷媒に溶け込んでいるコンプレッサ用の潤滑油が、コンプレッサの動作に必要とされる最小の流量（ブリード量）だけ冷媒入口からボディの下流側出口まで流れることとなる。 The differential pressure type throttling device includes, for example, a cylindrical housing fixed to the inside of the body connected to the refrigerant passage as disclosed in Patent Document 1. The housing has a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet. The housing has a strainer at the refrigerant inlet communicating with the valve hole and the fixed orifice. The fixed orifice communicates with the refrigerant outlet and the downstream outlet of the body through the space between the outer peripheral part of the housing and the inner peripheral part of the body. As a result, even when a valve body, which will be described later, is seated on the valve seat and the valve hole is in a closed state, the compressor lubricating oil dissolved in the refrigerant has a minimum flow rate (bleed amount) required for the operation of the compressor. ) Only from the refrigerant inlet to the downstream outlet of the body.
　ハウジングのダンパ室には、弁体に連結されるシャフトおよびピストンが移動可能に配されている。シャフトおよびピストンは、ピストン内に配され弁体の先端を弁座に対し閉状態とするように付勢するスプリングにより、付勢されている。スプリングの付勢力は、ハウジングの端部にねじ込まれたアジャストねじにより調整される。上述の弁体の先端面は、弁孔の開口端周縁に形成される弁座に対し当接するように略円錐面に形成されている。 In the damper chamber of the housing, a shaft and a piston connected to the valve body are movably arranged. The shaft and the piston are urged by a spring that is arranged in the piston and urges the valve body to close the tip of the valve body with respect to the valve seat. The biasing force of the spring is adjusted by an adjusting screw screwed into the end of the housing. The tip surface of the above-mentioned valve body is formed in a substantially conical surface so as to abut against a valve seat formed on the periphery of the opening end of the valve hole.
特開２００８－１３８８１２号公報JP 2008-138812 A
　特許文献１に示されるように、ブリード量が、上述の固定オリフィスにより設定される場合、設定したブリード量が、各絞り装置を構成する部品の製造誤差に起因してばらついたとき、ブリード量を適正な量に調整するためにハウジングを交換しなければならない場合もある。また、万一、ストレーナに捕捉されなかった冷媒中の異物が固定オリフィスに詰まった場合も、その異物を除去することも容易でなくハウジングを交換しなければならない。さらに、万一、弁体が、弁孔を閉状態とする方向に移動した場合、弁体の略円錐面が弁孔の開口端周縁に形成される弁座に食い付く虞がある。 As shown in Patent Document 1, when the bleed amount is set by the above-described fixed orifice, the bleed amount is set when the set bleed amount varies due to the manufacturing error of the parts constituting each throttle device. It may be necessary to replace the housing to adjust to the proper amount. Also, if a foreign substance in the refrigerant that has not been captured by the strainer is clogged in the fixed orifice, it is not easy to remove the foreign substance, and the housing must be replaced. Furthermore, in the unlikely event that the valve body moves in a direction in which the valve hole is closed, the substantially conical surface of the valve body may bite into the valve seat formed on the periphery of the opening end of the valve hole.
　以上の問題点を考慮し、本発明は、絞り装置、および、それを備える冷凍サイクルシステムであって、ブリード量を調整することができ、しかも、万一、弁体が、弁孔を閉状態とする方向に移動した場合であっても、弁体の弁座に対する食い付きを回避できる絞り装置、および、それを備える冷凍サイクルシステムを提供することを目的とする。 In view of the above problems, the present invention is a throttling device and a refrigeration cycle system including the same, in which the amount of bleed can be adjusted, and in the unlikely event, the valve body closes the valve hole. It is an object of the present invention to provide a throttling device that can avoid biting of the valve body against the valve seat, and a refrigeration cycle system including the same.
　上述の目的を達成するために、本発明に係る絞り装置は、冷凍サイクルシステムの配管に接合され、冷媒流量調整部よりも上流側に形成され冷媒が導入される一次室と冷媒流量調整部よりも下流側に形成され冷媒が排出される二次室とを有するチューブ本体と、弁ポートを有し一次室と二次室とを区画し、冷媒流量調整部の一部を構成する弁座と、弁座の弁ポートに対し近接または離隔可能に配され、弁ポートの開口面積を制御する先細部を有し、冷媒流量調整部の一部を構成するニードル部材と、二次室内に配置される付勢部材支持部とニードル部材との間に配され、ニードル部材を、弁座の弁ポートに対し近接する方向に付勢する付勢部材と、チューブ本体の一次室内に配置され、冷媒の圧力によるニードル部材に作用する力が付勢部材の付勢力を超えない場合、弁ポートの開口面積を所定の値となるように、当接されるニードル部材の先細部の先端部を支持するストッパ部材と、を備え、ニードル部材の先細部の先端部は、ニードル部材の先細部の最小径部分の直径よりも大なる大径部を有することを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above-described object, a throttle device according to the present invention includes a primary chamber that is joined to a pipe of a refrigeration cycle system, is formed on the upstream side of a refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit, and refrigerant is introduced, and a refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit. A tube body having a secondary chamber formed on the downstream side from which the refrigerant is discharged, a valve seat having a valve port and partitioning the primary chamber and the secondary chamber, and constituting a part of the refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit; A needle member that is arranged so as to be close to or away from the valve port of the valve seat, has a tapered portion that controls the opening area of the valve port, and that constitutes a part of the refrigerant flow rate adjusting unit, and is disposed in the secondary chamber A biasing member disposed between the biasing member supporting portion and the needle member, and biasing the needle member in a direction approaching the valve port of the valve seat; The force acting on the needle member due to pressure is the biasing part A stopper member that supports the distal end of the tapered needle member so that the opening area of the valve port has a predetermined value when the biasing force of the valve member is not exceeded, The tip portion has a large diameter portion larger than the diameter of the minimum diameter portion of the tapered portion of the needle member.
　ストッパ部材は、一次室側に向かって延び弁座に一体に形成された円筒部に固定されてもよい。 The stopper member may extend to the primary chamber side and be fixed to a cylindrical portion formed integrally with the valve seat.
　また、本発明に係る絞り装置は、冷媒を供給する配管に配され、配管内に連通する開口端部を両端に有するガイドチューブと、ガイドチューブに形成され、弁ポートを有する弁座と、ガイドチューブにおける弁座に隣接して形成されガイドチューブの内周部と外周部と連通させる少なくとも一つの連通路と、弁座の弁ポートに対し近接または離隔可能に配され弁ポートの開口面積を制御する先細部を有するニードル部材と、ニードル部材とガイドチューブの一方の開口端部との間に配され、ニードル部材を弁座の弁ポートに対し近接する方向に付勢する付勢部材と、ニードル部材とガイドチューブの他方の開口端部との間に配され、冷媒の圧力によるニードル部材に作用する力が付勢部材の付勢力を超えない場合、付勢部材により付勢されるニードル部材の先細部と弁ポートの周縁との間に隙間を生じさせるように、当接されるニードル部材の先細部の先端部を支持するストッパ部材と、を備え、ニードル部材の先細部の先端部は、ニードル部材の先細部の最小径部分の直径よりも大なる大径部を有することを特徴とする。ストッパ部材は、一部または全てが多孔質材料で形成されてもよく、また、ガイドチューブが、ガイドチューブの外径よりも大なる内径を有するチューブ本体の内周部に所定の隙間をもって配されるものであってもよい。 In addition, a throttling device according to the present invention is provided in a pipe for supplying refrigerant, and has a guide tube having both ends of an open end communicating with the pipe, a valve seat formed in the guide tube and having a valve port, and a guide At least one communication path that is formed adjacent to the valve seat in the tube and communicates with the inner and outer peripheries of the guide tube, and is arranged to be close to or away from the valve port of the valve seat, and controls the opening area of the valve port A needle member having a tapered tip, a biasing member that is disposed between the needle member and one open end of the guide tube and biases the needle member in a direction adjacent to the valve port of the valve seat, and the needle If the force acting on the needle member due to the refrigerant pressure does not exceed the urging force of the urging member, the urging member is urged by the urging member. A stopper member for supporting a tip end portion of the needle member to be abutted so as to create a gap between the tip portion of the needle member and the peripheral edge of the valve port, The portion has a large diameter portion larger than the diameter of the minimum diameter portion of the tapered portion of the needle member. The stopper member may be partly or entirely formed of a porous material, and the guide tube is disposed with a predetermined gap on the inner peripheral portion of the tube body having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the guide tube. It may be a thing.
　さらに、本発明に係る冷凍サイクルシステムは、蒸発器と、圧縮機、および、凝縮器とを備え、上述のいずれかの絞り装置が、凝縮器の出口と蒸発器の入口との間に配される配管に設けられることを特徴とする。 Furthermore, the refrigeration cycle system according to the present invention includes an evaporator, a compressor, and a condenser, and any one of the above-described throttle devices is disposed between the outlet of the condenser and the inlet of the evaporator. It is provided in the piping.
　本発明に係る絞り装置、および、それを備える冷凍サイクルシステムによれば、チューブ本体の一次室内に配置され、冷媒の圧力によるニードル部材に作用する力が付勢部材の付勢力を超えない場合、弁ポートの開口面積を所定の値となるように、当接されるニードル部材の先細部の先端部を支持するストッパ部材を備え、ニードル部材の先細部の先端部は、弁ポートの内径よりも小であってニードル部材の先細部の最小径部分の直径よりも大なる大径部を有するのでブリード量を調整することができ、しかも、万一、弁体が、弁孔を閉状態とする方向に移動した場合であっても、弁体の弁座に対する食い付きを回避できる。 According to the throttling device according to the present invention and the refrigeration cycle system including the same, when the force acting on the needle member due to the pressure of the refrigerant is not exceeded the urging force of the urging member, the tube body is disposed in the primary chamber. A stopper member is provided to support the tip of the tapered tip of the needle member so that the opening area of the valve port becomes a predetermined value, and the tip of the tapered tip of the needle member is larger than the inner diameter of the valve port. Because it has a large diameter portion that is small and larger than the diameter of the smallest diameter portion of the needle member, the amount of bleed can be adjusted, and in the unlikely event, the valve body closes the valve hole. Even when it moves in the direction, it is possible to avoid biting of the valve body against the valve seat.
図１は、本発明に係る絞り装置の一例の要部を部分的に拡大して示す部分断面図である。FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a main part of an example of a diaphragm device according to the present invention partially enlarged. 図２は、本発明に係る絞り装置の一例を備える冷凍サイクルシステムの一例の構成を概略的に示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of an example of a refrigeration cycle system including an example of a throttle device according to the present invention. 図３は、図２に示される例に用いられるはね部材を示す斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a splash member used in the example shown in FIG. 図４は、本発明に係る絞り装置の一例の要部を部分的に拡大して示す部分断面図である。FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a main part of an example of the diaphragm device according to the present invention partially enlarged. 図５は、図１に示される例における絞り部の差圧に応じた流量特性を示す特性図である。FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing a flow rate characteristic according to the differential pressure of the throttle portion in the example shown in FIG. 図６は、図１に示される例におけるストッパ部材の他の一例を示す部分断面図である。6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another example of the stopper member in the example shown in FIG. 図７は、本発明に係る絞り装置の他の一例の構成を示す断面図である。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of another example of the diaphragm device according to the present invention. 図８は、図７に示される例における動作説明に供される断面図である。FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the operation in the example shown in FIG.
　図２は、冷凍サイクルシステムの一例に適用された本発明に係る絞り装置の一例の構成を示す。 FIG. 2 shows a configuration of an example of a throttle device according to the present invention applied to an example of a refrigeration cycle system.
　絞り装置は、例えば、図２に示されるように、冷凍サイクルシステムの配管における凝縮器６の出口と蒸発器２の入口との間に配置されている。絞り装置は、後述するチューブ本体１０の一端１０Ｅ１で、一次側配管Ｄｕ１に接合されており、冷媒が排出されるチューブ本体１０の他端１０Ｅ２で二次側配管Ｄｕ２に接合されている。一次側配管Ｄｕ１は、凝縮器６の出口と絞り装置とを接続し、二次側配管Ｄｕ２は、蒸発器２の入口と絞り装置とを接続するものとされる。蒸発器２の出口と凝縮器６の入口との間には、図２に示されるように、蒸発器２の出口に接合される配管Ｄｕ３と、凝縮器６の入口に接合される配管Ｄｕ４とにより、圧縮機４が接続されている。圧縮機４は、図示が省略される制御部により駆動制御される。これにより、冷凍サイクルシステムにおける冷媒が、例えば、図２に示される矢印に沿って循環されることとなる。 For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the expansion device is disposed between the outlet of the condenser 6 and the inlet of the evaporator 2 in the piping of the refrigeration cycle system. The throttle device is joined to the primary side pipe Du1 at one end 10E1 of the tube body 10 to be described later, and joined to the secondary side pipe Du2 at the other end 10E2 of the tube body 10 from which the refrigerant is discharged. The primary side pipe Du1 connects the outlet of the condenser 6 and the throttle device, and the secondary side pipe Du2 connects the inlet of the evaporator 2 and the throttle device. Between the outlet of the evaporator 2 and the inlet of the condenser 6, as shown in FIG. 2, a pipe Du3 joined to the outlet of the evaporator 2 and a pipe Du4 joined to the inlet of the condenser 6 Thus, the compressor 4 is connected. The compressor 4 is driven and controlled by a control unit (not shown). Thereby, the refrigerant | coolant in a refrigerating-cycle system will be circulated along the arrow shown by FIG. 2, for example.
　絞り装置は、上述の冷凍サイクルシステムの配管に接合されるチューブ本体１０と、チューブ本体１０の内周部に固定されるガイドチューブ１８と、ガイドチューブ１８における一次側配管Ｄｕ１に近い端部に一体に形成され冷媒の流量を調整する冷媒流量調整部を構成する弁座１８Ｖ、および、ニードル部材２０と、ニードル部材２０を弁座１８Ｖに対し近接する方向に付勢するコイルスプリング１６と、コイルスプリング１６の一方の端部を支持するばね受け部１２と、後述するニードル部材２０の大径部２０ＰＳを受け止めるストッパ部材２２と、を主な要素として含んで構成されている。 The expansion device is integrated with the tube main body 10 joined to the pipe of the above-described refrigeration cycle system, the guide tube 18 fixed to the inner peripheral portion of the tube main body 10, and the end portion of the guide tube 18 near the primary side pipe Du1. The valve seat 18V that forms the refrigerant flow rate adjusting unit that adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant, the needle member 20, the coil spring 16 that urges the needle member 20 toward the valve seat 18V, and the coil spring 16 includes a spring receiving portion 12 that supports one end portion of 16 and a stopper member 22 that receives a large-diameter portion 20PS of a needle member 20 to be described later as main elements.
　所定の長さおよび直径を有するチューブ本体１０は、例えば、銅製パイプ、または、アルミニウム製パイプで作られ、冷媒が導入される一端１０Ｅ１で、凝縮器６に接続される一次側配管Ｄｕ１に接合されており、冷媒が排出される他端１０Ｅ２で蒸発器２に接続される二次側配管Ｄｕ２に接合されている。 The tube body 10 having a predetermined length and diameter is made of, for example, a copper pipe or an aluminum pipe, and is joined to the primary side pipe Du1 connected to the condenser 6 at one end 10E1 into which the refrigerant is introduced. The other end 10E2 from which the refrigerant is discharged is joined to the secondary side pipe Du2 connected to the evaporator 2.
　チューブ本体１０の内周部における一端１０Ｅ１から所定距離、離隔した中間部には、ガイドチューブ１８の外周部が固定されている。ガイドチューブ１８は、かしめ加工によるチューブ本体１０の窪み１０ＣＡ１により形成される突起がその外周部に食い込むことにより固定されている。 The outer peripheral part of the guide tube 18 is fixed to an intermediate part separated from the one end 10E1 in the inner peripheral part of the tube main body 10 by a predetermined distance. The guide tube 18 is fixed by the protrusion formed by the depression 10CA1 of the tube main body 10 by caulking process biting into the outer periphery thereof.
　ガイドチューブ１８は、例えば、銅製パイプ、真鍮製パイプ、または、アルミニウム製パイプ、あるいは、ステンレス鋼パイプ等で作られ、チューブ本体１０の他端１０Ｅ２に近い端部に、ばね受け部１２を有し、チューブ本体１０の一端１０Ｅ１に近い端部に、ストッパ部材２２を内周部に有している。ばね受け部１２は、かしめ加工によるガイドチューブ１８の窪み１８ＣＡ１により形成される突起がその外周部に食い込むことにより固定されている。付勢部材支持部としてのばね受け部１２は、コイルスプリング１６の一端が係合されるばねガイド１２ｂを有している。 The guide tube 18 is made of, for example, a copper pipe, a brass pipe, an aluminum pipe, or a stainless steel pipe, and has a spring receiving portion 12 at an end portion near the other end 10E2 of the tube body 10. A stopper member 22 is provided on the inner peripheral portion of the tube main body 10 at the end close to the one end 10E1. The spring receiving portion 12 is fixed by the protrusion formed by the depression 18CA1 of the guide tube 18 by caulking process biting into the outer peripheral portion thereof. The spring receiving portion 12 as the urging member support portion has a spring guide 12b with which one end of the coil spring 16 is engaged.
　また、ストッパ部材２２は、かしめ加工によるガイドチューブ１８の窪み１８ＣＡ２により形成される突起がその外周部に食い込むことにより内周部１８ａに固定されている。ストッパ部材２２は、例えば、冷媒が通過可能な金属製の多孔質材料、または、焼結金属で円柱状に作られている。ストッパ部材２２の両端面は、略平坦な表面を有している。ストッパ部材２２の両端面のうちの一方の端面には、後述するニードル部材２０の大径部２０ＰＳが当接されている。これにより、冷媒に混入した異物も、ストッパ部材２２により捕捉されることとなる。従って、ストレーナ等が冷凍サイクルシステムの配管に設けられる必要もなくなる。 Further, the stopper member 22 is fixed to the inner peripheral portion 18a by the protrusion formed by the depression 18CA2 of the guide tube 18 by caulking process biting into the outer peripheral portion. The stopper member 22 is made of, for example, a metal porous material through which a refrigerant can pass or a cylindrical shape made of sintered metal. Both end surfaces of the stopper member 22 have substantially flat surfaces. A large-diameter portion 20PS of the needle member 20 to be described later is in contact with one end surface of both end surfaces of the stopper member 22. Thereby, the foreign material mixed in the refrigerant is also captured by the stopper member 22. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a strainer or the like in the piping of the refrigeration cycle system.
　ストッパ部材２２は、斯かる例に限られることなく、例えば、図６に示されるように、ストッパ部材２６が、ステンレス鋼等で作られる円柱体のコア部材２６Ｂと、コア部材２６Ｂの外周部を囲む円筒部材２６Ａとから構成されてもよい。円筒部材２６Ａは、例えば、金属製の多孔質材料、または、焼結金属で作られている。なお、図６において、図４に示される例における構成要素と同一の構成要素について同一の符号を付して示し、その重複説明を省略する。 The stopper member 22 is not limited to such an example. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the stopper member 26 includes a cylindrical core member 26B made of stainless steel or the like, and an outer peripheral portion of the core member 26B. You may comprise from the surrounding cylindrical member 26A. The cylindrical member 26A is made of, for example, a metal porous material or a sintered metal. In FIG. 6, the same components as those in the example shown in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is omitted.
　図２に示されるように、ばね受け部１２とストッパ部材２２との間には、ガイドチューブ１８の内周部をチューブ本体１０の内周部とガイドチューブ１８の外周部との間に連通させる第１の連通孔１８ｂ、第２の連通孔１８ｃが形成されている。第２の連通孔１８ｃの直径は、第１の連通孔１８ｂの直径に比して大に設定されている。 As shown in FIG. 2, between the spring receiving portion 12 and the stopper member 22, the inner peripheral portion of the guide tube 18 is communicated between the inner peripheral portion of the tube body 10 and the outer peripheral portion of the guide tube 18. A first communication hole 18b and a second communication hole 18c are formed. The diameter of the second communication hole 18c is set larger than the diameter of the first communication hole 18b.
　ガイドチューブ１８におけるストッパ部材２２と第２の連通孔１８ｃとの間に形成される弁座１８Ｖは、後述するニードル部材２０における先細部２０Ｐが挿入される弁ポート１８Ｐを内部中央部に有している。弁ポート１８Ｐは、所定の直径φＤ１を有し弁座１８Ｖの中心軸線に沿って一端１０Ｅ１に向けて末広に形成されている。 A valve seat 18V formed between the stopper member 22 and the second communication hole 18c in the guide tube 18 has a valve port 18P into which a tapered portion 20P in the needle member 20 described later is inserted in the inner central portion. Yes. The valve port 18P has a predetermined diameter φD1 and is formed to be wide toward the one end 10E1 along the central axis of the valve seat 18V.
　ニードル部材２０は、例えば、真鍮、または、ステンレス鋼で作られ、円柱状の本体部２０Ｂと、本体部２０Ｂにおける弁座１８Ｖに向かい合う端部に形成される先細部２０Ｐと、本体部２０Ｂにおけるコイルスプリング１６の他端に向かい合う端部に形成される突起状のばねガイド部２０Ｄと、から構成されている。 The needle member 20 is made of, for example, brass or stainless steel, and has a cylindrical main body 20B, a tapered portion 20P formed at an end of the main body 20B facing the valve seat 18V, and a coil in the main body 20B. And a projecting spring guide portion 20D formed at the end facing the other end of the spring 16.
　本体部２０Ｂと先細部２０Ｐとの結合部分は、第２の連通孔１８ｃに向かい合っている。ニードル部材２０のばねガイド部２０Ｄには、コイルスプリング１６の他方の端部が係合されている。また、コイルスプリング１６の一方の端部には、ばねガイド部１２ｂが係合されている。ニードル部材２０のばねガイド部２０Ｄには、ニードル部材２０の移動速度を減速させるはね部材２４が設けられている。はね部材２４は、図３に拡大されて示されるように、例えば、薄板金属材料で作られ、環状の固定片２４Ａに一体に形成される３枚の接触片２４ａ，２４ｂ，２４ｃを有している。固定片２４Ａの孔２４ｄには、ばねガイド部２０Ｄが挿入される。 The joint portion between the main body portion 20B and the tapered portion 20P faces the second communication hole 18c. The other end portion of the coil spring 16 is engaged with the spring guide portion 20 </ b> D of the needle member 20. A spring guide portion 12 b is engaged with one end portion of the coil spring 16. The spring guide portion 20 </ b> D of the needle member 20 is provided with a spring member 24 that reduces the moving speed of the needle member 20. As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 3, the spring member 24 includes, for example, three contact pieces 24a, 24b, and 24c that are made of a sheet metal material and integrally formed with the annular fixing piece 24A. ing. The spring guide portion 20D is inserted into the hole 24d of the fixed piece 24A.
　３枚の接触片２４ａ，２４ｂ，２４ｃは、固定片２４Ａの円周方向に沿って均等の角度で離隔され形成されている。これにより、弾性変位可能な接触片２４ａ，２４ｂ，２４ｃの先端がガイドチューブ１８の内周面に所定の荷重で摺接することによってニードル部材２０の移動速度が減速されることとなる。 The three contact pieces 24a, 24b, and 24c are formed at an equal angle along the circumferential direction of the fixed piece 24A. As a result, the moving speed of the needle member 20 is reduced by the tips of the elastically displaceable contact pieces 24 a, 24 b, 24 c sliding on the inner peripheral surface of the guide tube 18 with a predetermined load.
　所定のテーパ角度を有する円錐台状の先細部２０Ｐは、図１に示されるように、弁ポート１８Ｐの直径φＤ１よりも大なる直径を有する基部を弁ポート１８Ｐから離隔した位置に有している。本体部２０Ｂと先細部２０Ｐの基部との間の境界部分には、先細部２０Ｐの先端に向かうにつれて外径が小となるテーパが、施されている。このテーパは上述のように第２の連通孔１８ｃに向かい合っており、後述の絞り部を通過した流体が第２の連通孔１８ｃに流れ込みやすくなるように、面取りが施されている。先細部２０Ｐにおける最小径となる端部には、一様な直径を有する円柱部が所定の長さだけ形成されている。先細部２０Ｐにおける弁ポート１８Ｐの開口端部に対応する位置から上述の円柱部までの長さは、所定の長さＬに設定されている。これにより、差圧（一端１０Ｅ１側の冷媒の入口圧力と他端１０Ｅ２側の冷媒の出口圧力との差）に応じて弁開度を大きくでき、しかも、流体の流れの乱れが小さいので冷媒が通過するとき、発生する音圧レベルが抑制される。 As shown in FIG. 1, the frustoconical tapered portion 20P having a predetermined taper angle has a base portion having a diameter larger than the diameter φD1 of the valve port 18P at a position separated from the valve port 18P. . A taper whose outer diameter decreases toward the tip of the taper 20P is applied to the boundary portion between the main body 20B and the base of the taper 20P. As described above, the taper faces the second communication hole 18c, and is chamfered so that the fluid that has passed through the throttle portion described later easily flows into the second communication hole 18c. A cylindrical portion having a uniform diameter is formed at a predetermined length at an end portion having a minimum diameter in the tapered portion 20P. The length from the position corresponding to the opening end of the valve port 18P in the tapered portion 20P to the above-described cylindrical portion is set to a predetermined length L. As a result, the valve opening can be increased in accordance with the differential pressure (the difference between the refrigerant inlet pressure on the one end 10E1 side and the refrigerant outlet pressure on the other end 10E2 side). When passing, the sound pressure level generated is suppressed.
　ストッパ部材２２に向けて延びる先細部２０Ｐの最先端部には、その円柱部近傍の直径よりも大であって直径φＤ１よりも若干小なる直径φＤ２を有する大径部２０ＰＳが形成されている。大径部２０ＰＳの厚さは、所定の値Ｔに設定されている。 A large diameter portion 20PS having a diameter φD2 that is larger than the diameter in the vicinity of the cylindrical portion and slightly smaller than the diameter φD1 is formed at the most distal end portion of the tapered portion 20P that extends toward the stopper member 22. The thickness of the large diameter portion 20PS is set to a predetermined value T.
　ニードル部材２０の先細部２０Ｐの外周部における弁ポート１８Ｐの開口端部に対応する位置において、先細部２０Ｐの外周部が弁ポート１８Ｐの開口端部の周縁に対し所定の隙間を形成するように配置されている。大径部２０ＰＳは、コイルスプリング１６の付勢力と一次側配管Ｄｕ１からの冷媒の圧力との差に応じた所定の圧力でストッパ部材２２の平坦面に当接されている。ニードル部材２０の先細部２０Ｐの外周部が、上述のように、弁ポート１８Ｖの開口端部の周縁に対し離隔される場合、ニードル部材２０の先細部２０Ｐと弁ポート１８Ｖの開口端部との間には、絞り部が形成される。絞り部とは、弁ポート１８Ｖの周縁から先細部２０Ｐの母線への垂線と、先細部２０Ｐの母線との交点が、弁ポート１８Ｖの縁から最も近い箇所（最狭部）をいう。この垂線が描く円錐面の面積が、絞り部の開口面積となる。 At a position corresponding to the opening end of the valve port 18P in the outer peripheral portion of the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20, the outer peripheral portion of the tapered portion 20P forms a predetermined gap with respect to the peripheral edge of the opening end portion of the valve port 18P. Has been placed. The large diameter portion 20PS is in contact with the flat surface of the stopper member 22 with a predetermined pressure corresponding to the difference between the biasing force of the coil spring 16 and the pressure of the refrigerant from the primary side pipe Du1. When the outer peripheral portion of the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 is separated from the peripheral edge of the open end portion of the valve port 18V as described above, the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 and the open end portion of the valve port 18V are separated from each other. A constriction is formed between them. The throttle portion refers to a portion (narrowest portion) where the intersection of the perpendicular line from the peripheral edge of the valve port 18V to the bus bar of the tapered detail 20P and the bus bar of the tapered detail 20P is closest to the edge of the valve port 18V. The area of the conical surface drawn by the perpendicular is the opening area of the diaphragm.
　これにより、絞り部を通過する所定のブリード量が設定されることとなる。また、ニードル部材２０の先細部２０Ｐの大径部２０ＰＳは、ストッパ部材２２の平坦面に当接されているのでニードル部材２０に不所望な圧力が作用しニードル部材２０の先細部２０Ｐが弁座１８Ｖの弁ポート１８Ｐの開口端に食い付くことが回避される。 Thus, a predetermined bleed amount that passes through the throttle portion is set. In addition, since the large diameter portion 20PS of the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 is in contact with the flat surface of the stopper member 22, an undesired pressure acts on the needle member 20, and the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 becomes the valve seat. Biting into the open end of the 18V valve port 18P is avoided.
　また、ニードル部材２０の先細部２０Ｐの外周部が、差圧（一端１０Ｅ１側の冷媒の入口圧力と他端１０Ｅ２側の冷媒の出口圧力との差）により、弁ポート１８Ｖの開口端部の周縁に対しさらに離隔し始める離隔開始タイミングは、コイルスプリング１６の付勢力に基づいて設定される。コイルスプリング１６のばね定数は、所定の値に設定されている。 Further, the outer peripheral portion of the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 is caused by the differential pressure (the difference between the refrigerant inlet pressure on the one end 10E1 side and the refrigerant outlet pressure on the other end 10E2 side) at the periphery of the opening end portion of the valve port 18V. On the other hand, the separation start timing at which separation starts further is set based on the urging force of the coil spring 16. The spring constant of the coil spring 16 is set to a predetermined value.
　ストッパ部材２２の平坦面における大径部２０ＰＳの接触面積は、面圧を小さくするように先細部２０Ｐの端部の断面積よりも大となるため、ニードル部材２０の大径部２０ＰＳの磨耗が抑制され、ブリード流量の経年変化が起こりにくい。また、ストッパ部２２に大径部２０ＰＳが当接した際、ストッパ部２２と大径部２０ＰＳとの当接面にはコイルスプリング１６による弁閉方向の付勢力が作用するが、先細部２０Ｐに一次側配管Ｄｕ１からの冷媒の圧力と二次側配管Ｄｕ２からの冷媒の圧力との圧力差により弁開方向の力も作用するので、これによっても、ニードル部材２０の大径部２０ＰＳの磨耗が抑制され、この事によってもブリード流量の経年変化が起こりにくい。 Since the contact area of the large-diameter portion 20PS on the flat surface of the stopper member 22 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the end portion of the tapered portion 20P so as to reduce the surface pressure, the wear of the large-diameter portion 20PS of the needle member 20 is reduced. Suppressed and bleed flow hardly changes over time. Further, when the large diameter portion 20PS comes into contact with the stopper portion 22, a biasing force in the valve closing direction by the coil spring 16 acts on the contact surface between the stopper portion 22 and the large diameter portion 20PS. Since the force in the valve opening direction also acts due to the pressure difference between the refrigerant pressure from the primary side pipe Du1 and the refrigerant pressure from the secondary side pipe Du2, this also suppresses wear of the large diameter portion 20PS of the needle member 20. This also makes it difficult for the bleed flow rate to change over time.
　コイルスプリング１６の付勢力の調整、即ち、各冷媒に応じたコイルスプリング１６の基準高さ（セット長）の調整は、例えば、以下のような手順で行われる。その基準高さとは、各冷媒に応じたニードル部材２０の先細部２０Ｐの上述の所定の離隔タイミングとなるように、設定されたコイルスプリング１６の高さをいう。 The adjustment of the urging force of the coil spring 16, that is, the adjustment of the reference height (set length) of the coil spring 16 corresponding to each refrigerant is performed by the following procedure, for example. The reference height refers to the height of the coil spring 16 set so as to be the above-described predetermined separation timing of the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 corresponding to each refrigerant.
　先ず、ストッパ部材２２がガイドチューブ１８に固定される場合、まず、ニードル部材２０が、ガイドチューブ１８の内周部に挿入される。そして、コイルスプリング等を用いてニードル部材２０を弁座１８Ｖに押し付けた状態とし、その後、ストッパ部材２２が挿入されたガイドチューブ１８が、例えば空気を流体としたブリード流量測定装置／かしめ装置（不図示）に配された状態で、目標ブリード流量と等しい空気流量となるようにガイドチューブ１８に対するストッパ部材２２の位置を調整した後、ストッパ部材２２がガイドチューブ１８にかしめ固定されることにより、ブリード流量の調整が完了する。 First, when the stopper member 22 is fixed to the guide tube 18, first, the needle member 20 is inserted into the inner peripheral portion of the guide tube 18. Then, the needle member 20 is pressed against the valve seat 18V using a coil spring or the like, and then, the guide tube 18 into which the stopper member 22 is inserted is, for example, a bleed flow rate measuring device / caulking device using air as a fluid. After adjusting the position of the stopper member 22 relative to the guide tube 18 so that the air flow rate is equal to the target bleed flow rate, the stopper member 22 is caulked and fixed to the guide tube 18 so that the bleed Adjustment of the flow rate is completed.
　そして、ばね受け部１２が固定される場合、ストッパ部材２２が固定されたガイドチューブ１８が、例えば、空気を流体とした所定の性能測定／かしめ装置（不図示）に配された状態で、あらかじめ規定された圧力が 印加された状態での空気流量の検出に基づいてガイドチューブ１８に対するばね受け部１２の位置を調整した後、ばね受け部１２がかしめ固定されることにより、コイルスプリング１６のばね長さの調整が完了する。 When the spring receiving portion 12 is fixed, the guide tube 18 to which the stopper member 22 is fixed is disposed in advance in a state where it is disposed in a predetermined performance measurement / caulking device (not shown) using air as a fluid, for example. After adjusting the position of the spring receiving portion 12 with respect to the guide tube 18 based on the detection of the air flow rate in a state where a prescribed pressure is applied, the spring receiving portion 12 is caulked and fixed, whereby the spring of the coil spring 16 is The length adjustment is completed.
　従って、コイルスプリング１６のばね長さの調整を行う調整ねじ等が不要とされるので各冷媒に応じた弁開き始め圧力を調整することができ、しかも、絞り装置の構造を簡略化し、製造コストを低減できる。 Accordingly, since an adjustment screw or the like for adjusting the spring length of the coil spring 16 is not required, the valve opening start pressure corresponding to each refrigerant can be adjusted, and the structure of the expansion device can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be simplified. Can be reduced.
　斯かる構成において、図２に示されるように、冷媒の圧力によるニードル部材２０に作用する力がコイルスプリング１６の付勢力を超えない場合、冷媒が、一次側配管Ｄｕ１を通じて矢印の示す方向に沿って供給される場合、冷媒の圧力は、チューブ本体１０の一端１０Ｅ１、ガイドチューブ１８の内周部１８ａ、ストッパ部材２２、上述の絞り部を通過することにより減圧され、その後、冷媒が第２の連通孔１８ｃ、ガイドチューブ１８の内周部１８ａとチューブ本体１０の内周部１０ａとの間を通じて他端１０Ｅ２から所定のブリード量で排出される。 In such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 2, when the force acting on the needle member 20 due to the refrigerant pressure does not exceed the urging force of the coil spring 16, the refrigerant passes along the direction indicated by the arrow through the primary side pipe Du1. The pressure of the refrigerant is reduced by passing through the one end 10E1 of the tube body 10, the inner peripheral portion 18a of the guide tube 18, the stopper member 22, and the above-described throttle portion, and then the refrigerant is second A predetermined bleed amount is discharged from the other end 10E2 through the communication hole 18c, the inner peripheral portion 18a of the guide tube 18 and the inner peripheral portion 10a of the tube body 10.
　さらに、冷媒の圧力によるニードル部材２０に作用する力がコイルスプリング１６の付勢力を超える場合、ストッパ部材２２、上述の絞り部を通じて流れる冷媒が、弁ポート１８Ｖの周縁からさらに離隔する方向にニードル部材２０を押圧することとなる。これにより、冷媒の流量Ｑが、図５に示されるように、上述の差圧ＤＰが増大するにつれてブリード量よりも徐々に特性線Ｌａに従い増大し、上述の差圧ＤＰが例えば、所定の値ＰＡ（０．３Ｍｐａ）、流量Ｑが所定の値ＧＡ（２リットル）以上となるとき、差圧ＤＰが増大するにつれて流量が特性線Ｌａに従い急激に増大することとなる。なお、図５は、縦軸に上述の絞り部の流量Ｑをとり、横軸に上述の冷媒の差圧ＤＰをとり、冷媒の差圧に応じた変化をあらわす特性線Ｌａを示す。また、図示が省略されるが、特性線Ｌａは、配管における圧力損失等の影響によって下に向って凸状の緩やかな曲線となる場合がある。 Further, when the force acting on the needle member 20 due to the pressure of the refrigerant exceeds the urging force of the coil spring 16, the needle member in a direction in which the refrigerant flowing through the stopper member 22 and the above-described throttle portion is further away from the peripheral edge of the valve port 18V. 20 will be pressed. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the flow rate Q of the refrigerant gradually increases according to the characteristic line La rather than the bleed amount as the differential pressure DP increases, and the differential pressure DP is, for example, a predetermined value. When PA (0.3 Mpa) and the flow rate Q are equal to or greater than a predetermined value GA (2 liters), the flow rate increases rapidly according to the characteristic line La as the differential pressure DP increases. FIG. 5 shows a characteristic line La that represents the change in accordance with the refrigerant differential pressure, with the vertical axis representing the flow rate Q of the above-mentioned throttle section and the horizontal axis representing the above-mentioned refrigerant differential pressure DP. Although not shown in the figure, the characteristic line La may be a gentle curve convex downward due to the influence of pressure loss or the like in the piping.
　さらにまた、図７は、冷凍サイクルシステムの一例に適用された本発明に係る絞り装置の他の一例の構成を示す。なお、図７において、図２に示される例における構成要素と同一の構成要素について同一の符号を付して示し、その重複説明を省略する。 Furthermore, FIG. 7 shows the configuration of another example of the expansion device according to the present invention applied to an example of the refrigeration cycle system. In FIG. 7, the same components as those in the example shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is omitted.
　絞り装置は、図２に示される例と同様に、冷凍サイクルシステムの配管における凝縮器の出口と蒸発器の入口との間に配置されている。絞り装置は、後述するチューブ本体１０´の一端１０´Ｅ１で、一次側配管に接合されており、冷媒が排出されるチューブ本体１０´の他端１０´Ｅ２で二次側配管に接合されている。 The throttle device is disposed between the outlet of the condenser and the inlet of the evaporator in the piping of the refrigeration cycle system, as in the example shown in FIG. The throttle device is joined to a primary side pipe at one end 10'E1 of a tube body 10 'to be described later, and joined to a secondary side pipe at the other end 10'E2 of the tube body 10' from which the refrigerant is discharged. Yes.
　絞り装置は、上述の冷凍サイクルシステムの配管に接合されるチューブ本体１０´と、チューブ本体１０´における一次側配管に近い端部１０´Ｅ１における内周部に設けられ、冷媒の流量を調整する冷媒流量調整部を構成する弁座３８、および、ニードル部材２０と、ニードル部材２０を弁座３８に対し近接する方向に付勢するコイルスプリング２８と、コイルスプリング２８の一方の端部を支持するとともに、コイルスプリング２８の付勢力を調整する付勢力調整用ねじ機構３３と、弁座３８に連結されニードル部材２０の大径部２０ＰＳを受け止めるストッパ部材３２と、を主な要素として含んで構成されている。 The expansion device is provided on the tube body 10 ′ joined to the piping of the above-described refrigeration cycle system and the inner peripheral portion of the tube body 10 ′ near the primary side piping 10 ′ E 1, and adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant. The valve seat 38 constituting the refrigerant flow rate adjusting unit, the needle member 20, the coil spring 28 that urges the needle member 20 toward the valve seat 38, and one end of the coil spring 28 are supported. In addition, the main element includes an urging force adjusting screw mechanism 33 that adjusts the urging force of the coil spring 28 and a stopper member 32 that is connected to the valve seat 38 and receives the large-diameter portion 20PS of the needle member 20. ing.
　所定の長さおよび直径を有するチューブ本体１０´は、例えば、銅製パイプ、または、アルミニウム製パイプで作られ、冷媒が導入される一端１０´Ｅ１で、凝縮器に接続される一次側配管に接合されており、冷媒が排出される他端１０´Ｅ２で蒸発器に接続される二次側配管に接合されている。 The tube body 10 'having a predetermined length and diameter is made of, for example, a copper pipe or an aluminum pipe, and is joined to a primary side pipe connected to a condenser at one end 10'E1 into which a refrigerant is introduced. The other end 10′E2 from which the refrigerant is discharged is joined to the secondary side pipe connected to the evaporator.
　図７に示されるように、チューブ本体１０´の内周部における一端１０´Ｅ１から所定距離、離隔した中間部には、弁座３８の外周部が固定されている。弁座３８の外周部は、かしめ加工によるチューブ本体１０´の窪み１０´ＣＡ１により形成される突起がその外周部に食い込むことにより固定されている。チューブ本体１０´における弁座３８よりも上流側には、挿入された一次側配管を位置決めする窪み１０´ＣＡ３が形成されている。 As shown in FIG. 7, the outer peripheral portion of the valve seat 38 is fixed to an intermediate portion separated from the one end 10 ′ E <b> 1 at the inner peripheral portion of the tube main body 10 ′ by a predetermined distance. The outer periphery of the valve seat 38 is fixed by the protrusion formed by the depression 10′CA1 of the tube main body 10 ′ by caulking process biting into the outer periphery. On the upstream side of the valve seat 38 in the tube body 10 ', a recess 10'CA3 for positioning the inserted primary side pipe is formed.
　弁座３８は、ニードル部材２０における先細部２０Ｐが挿入される弁ポート３８Ｐを内部中央部に有している。弁ポート３８Ｐは、所定の直径を有し弁座３８の中心軸線に沿って一端１０´Ｅ１に向けて末広に形成されている。弁座３８の弁ポート３８Ｐを形成する内周面が延在する円筒部としての円筒状部の雌ねじ部には、ストッパ部材３２の雄ねじ部が雌ねじ部に捩じ込まれている。円柱状のストッパ部材３２は、例えば、ステンレス鋼等で作られ、共通の円周上に所定の間隔をもって貫通孔３２ａを有している。貫通孔３２ａは、ストッパ部材３２の中心軸線に沿って貫通している。ストッパ部材３２の両端面は、略平坦な表面を有している。ストッパ部材３２の両端面のうちの一方の端面には、ニードル部材２０の大径部２０ＰＳが当接されている。 The valve seat 38 has a valve port 38P into which the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 is inserted in the center of the inside. The valve port 38P has a predetermined diameter and is formed in a divergent shape toward the one end 10′E1 along the central axis of the valve seat 38. The male threaded portion of the stopper member 32 is screwed into the female threaded portion of the female threaded portion of the cylindrical portion as the cylindrical portion extending the inner peripheral surface forming the valve port 38P of the valve seat 38. The cylindrical stopper member 32 is made of, for example, stainless steel and has through holes 32a with a predetermined interval on a common circumference. The through hole 32 a penetrates along the central axis of the stopper member 32. Both end surfaces of the stopper member 32 have substantially flat surfaces. One end face of the both end faces of the stopper member 32 is in contact with the large diameter portion 20PS of the needle member 20.
　なお、ストッパ部材３２は、斯かる例に限られることなく、例えば、ステンレス鋼等で作られる円柱体のコア部材と、コア部材の外周部を囲む円筒部材とからなる複合体で構成されてもよい。その円筒部材は、例えば、金属製の多孔質材料、または、焼結金属で作られてもよい。これにより、冷媒に混入した異物も、ストッパ部材３２により捕捉されることとなる。従って、ストレーナ等が冷凍サイクルシステムの配管に設けられる必要もなくなる。 The stopper member 32 is not limited to such an example. For example, the stopper member 32 may be formed of a composite body including a cylindrical core member made of stainless steel and a cylindrical member surrounding the outer peripheral portion of the core member. Good. The cylindrical member may be made of, for example, a metal porous material or a sintered metal. Thereby, the foreign material mixed in the refrigerant is also captured by the stopper member 32. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a strainer or the like in the piping of the refrigeration cycle system.
　付勢力調整用ねじ機構３３は、チューブ本体１０´の内周部に固定され雌ねじ部を有する調整ねじ支持部３１と、コイルスプリング２８の他方の端部に係合される調整ねじ３０とを含んで構成されている。 The biasing force adjusting screw mechanism 33 includes an adjusting screw support portion 31 that is fixed to the inner peripheral portion of the tube main body 10 ′ and has a female screw portion, and an adjusting screw 30 that is engaged with the other end portion of the coil spring 28. It consists of
　調整ねじ３０は、外周部に雄ねじ部を有し、内側中央部に貫通孔３０ａを有している。その雄ねじ部は、チューブ本体１０´の内周部に固定される調整ねじ支持部３１の雌ねじに嵌め合わされている。調整ねじ支持部３１は、かしめ加工によるチューブ本体１０´の窪み１０´ＣＡ２により形成される突起が食い込むことにより固定されている。調整ねじ３０におけるチューブ本体１０´の他端１０´Ｅ２側の端部には、ドライバーの先端が係合される溝が形成されている。これにより、ドライバーの先端により、調整ねじ３０が回動され送られることによって、コイルスプリング２８の撓み量が調整されるので冷媒の設計圧力に応じたコイルスプリング２８の付勢力が調整されることとなる。即ち、所定の差圧（一端１０´Ｅ１側の冷媒の入口圧力と他端１０´Ｅ２側の冷媒の出口圧力との差）のとき、ニードル部材２０の先細部２０Ｐにおける位置が、ニードル部材２０の規定リフト量の位置となるようにコイルスプリング２８の付勢力が調整される。 The adjusting screw 30 has a male screw portion on the outer peripheral portion and a through hole 30a on the inner center portion. The male screw portion is fitted into the female screw of the adjustment screw support portion 31 fixed to the inner peripheral portion of the tube main body 10 ′. The adjustment screw support portion 31 is fixed by biting a protrusion formed by the depression 10′CA2 of the tube main body 10 ′ by caulking. At the end of the adjustment screw 30 on the side of the other end 10′E2 of the tube body 10 ′, a groove for engaging the tip of the driver is formed. As a result, the amount of deflection of the coil spring 28 is adjusted by turning and sending the adjustment screw 30 by the tip of the driver, so that the biasing force of the coil spring 28 is adjusted according to the design pressure of the refrigerant. Become. That is, at a predetermined differential pressure (the difference between the refrigerant inlet pressure on the one end 10′E1 side and the refrigerant outlet pressure on the other end 10′E2 side), the position of the needle member 20 in the tapered portion 20P is The urging force of the coil spring 28 is adjusted so as to be in the position of the specified lift amount.
　ニードル部材２０の先細部２０Ｐの外周部が、上述のように、弁ポート３８Ｐの開口端部の周縁に対し離隔される場合、ニードル部材２０の先細部２０Ｐと弁ポート３８Ｐの開口端部との間には、絞り部が形成される。絞り部とは、弁ポート３８Ｐの周縁から先細部２０Ｐの母線への垂線と、先細部２０Ｐの母線との交点が、弁ポート３８Ｐの縁から最も近い箇所（最狭部）をいう。この垂線が描く円錐面の面積が、絞り部の開口面積となる。 When the outer peripheral portion of the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 is separated from the peripheral edge of the open end portion of the valve port 38P as described above, the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 and the open end portion of the valve port 38P are separated from each other. A constriction is formed between them. The throttle portion refers to a point (narrowest portion) where the intersection of the perpendicular line from the peripheral edge of the valve port 38P to the bus bar of the tapered detail 20P and the bus bar of the tapered detail 20P is closest to the edge of the valve port 38P. The area of the conical surface drawn by the perpendicular is the opening area of the diaphragm.
　これにより、絞り部を通過する所定のブリード量が設定されることとなる。また、ニードル部材２０の先細部２０Ｐの大径部２０ＰＳは、ストッパ部材３２の平坦面に当接されているのでニードル部材２０に不所望な圧力が作用しニードル部材２０の先細部２０Ｐが弁座３８の弁ポート３８Ｐの開口端に食い付くことが回避される。 Thus, a predetermined bleed amount that passes through the throttle portion is set. Further, since the large diameter portion 20PS of the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 is in contact with the flat surface of the stopper member 32, an undesired pressure acts on the needle member 20, and the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 becomes the valve seat. Biting into the open ends of the 38 valve ports 38P is avoided.
　また、ニードル部材２０の先細部２０Ｐの外周部が、差圧（一端１０´Ｅ１側の冷媒の入口圧力と他端１０´Ｅ２側の冷媒の出口圧力との差）により、弁ポート３８Ｐの開口端部の周縁に対しさらに離隔し始める離隔開始タイミングは、コイルスプリング２８の付勢力に基づいて設定される。コイルスプリング２８のばね定数は、所定の値に設定されている。 Further, the outer peripheral portion of the tapered portion 20P of the needle member 20 is opened by the differential pressure (the difference between the refrigerant inlet pressure on the one end 10′E1 side and the refrigerant outlet pressure on the other end 10′E2 side). The separation start timing at which the separation starts from the peripheral edge of the end portion is set based on the urging force of the coil spring 28. The spring constant of the coil spring 28 is set to a predetermined value.
　ストッパ部材３２の平坦面における大径部２０ＰＳの接触面積は、面圧を小さくするように先細部２０Ｐの端部の断面積よりも大となるため、ニードル部材２０の大径部２０ＰＳの磨耗が抑制され、ブリード流量の経年変化が起こりにくい。また、ストッパ部３２に大径部２０ＰＳが当接した際、ストッパ部３２と大径部２０ＰＳとの当接面にはコイルスプリング２８による弁閉方向の付勢力が作用するが、先細部２０Ｐに一次側配管Ｄｕ１からの冷媒の圧力と二次側配管Ｄｕ２からの冷媒の圧力との圧力差により弁開方向の力も作用するので、これによっても、ニードル部材２０の大径部２０ＰＳの磨耗が抑制され、この事によってもブリード流量の経年変化が起こりにくい。 Since the contact area of the large-diameter portion 20PS on the flat surface of the stopper member 32 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the end of the tapered portion 20P so as to reduce the surface pressure, the wear of the large-diameter portion 20PS of the needle member 20 is reduced. Suppressed and bleed flow hardly changes over time. Further, when the large diameter portion 20PS comes into contact with the stopper portion 32, the urging force in the valve closing direction by the coil spring 28 acts on the contact surface between the stopper portion 32 and the large diameter portion 20PS. Since the force in the valve opening direction also acts due to the pressure difference between the refrigerant pressure from the primary side pipe Du1 and the refrigerant pressure from the secondary side pipe Du2, this also suppresses wear of the large diameter portion 20PS of the needle member 20. This also makes it difficult for the bleed flow rate to change over time.
　斯かる構成において、図７に示されるように、冷媒の圧力によるニードル部材２０に作用する力がコイルスプリング２８の付勢力を超えない場合、冷媒が、一次側配管を通じて矢印の示す方向に沿って供給される場合、冷媒の圧力は、チューブ本体１０´の一端１０´Ｅ１、ストッパ部材３２の貫通孔３２ａ、上述の絞り部を通過することにより減圧され、その後、冷媒がはね２４の接触片２４ａ，２４ｂ，２４ｃ相互間、チューブ本体１０´の内周部１０´ａ、貫通孔３０ａを通じて他端１０´Ｅ２から所定のブリード量で排出される。 In such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 7, when the force acting on the needle member 20 due to the pressure of the refrigerant does not exceed the urging force of the coil spring 28, the refrigerant passes along the direction indicated by the arrow through the primary side pipe. When supplied, the pressure of the refrigerant is reduced by passing through one end 10 ′ E 1 of the tube main body 10 ′, the through hole 32 a of the stopper member 32, and the above-mentioned throttle part, and then the refrigerant is the contact piece of the splash 24. A predetermined bleed amount is discharged from the other end 10'E2 through 24a, 24b, 24c, through the inner periphery 10'a of the tube body 10 ', and the through hole 30a.
　さらに、冷媒の圧力によるニードル部材２０に作用する力がコイルスプリング２８の付勢力を超える場合、図８に示されるように、ストッパ部材３２、上述の絞り部を通じて流れる冷媒が、弁ポート３８Ｐの周縁からさらに離隔する方向にニードル部材２０をコイルスプリング２８の付勢力に抗して押圧することとなる。これにより、冷媒の流量Ｑが、図５に示されるように、上述の差圧ＤＰが増大するにつれてブリード量よりも徐々に特性線Ｌａに沿って増大し、上述の差圧ＤＰが例えば、所定の値ＰＡ（０．３Ｍｐａ）、流量Ｑが所定の値ＧＡ（２リットル）以上となるとき、差圧ＤＰが増大するにつれて流量が特性線Ｌａに沿って急激に増大することとなる。 Further, when the force acting on the needle member 20 due to the pressure of the refrigerant exceeds the urging force of the coil spring 28, as shown in FIG. 8, the refrigerant flowing through the stopper member 32 and the above-described throttle portion causes the peripheral edge of the valve port 38 </ b> P. The needle member 20 is pressed against the urging force of the coil spring 28 in a direction further away from the coil spring 28. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 5, the flow rate Q of the refrigerant gradually increases along the characteristic line La from the bleed amount as the above-described differential pressure DP increases. When the value PA (0.3 Mpa) and the flow rate Q are equal to or greater than the predetermined value GA (2 liters), the flow rate increases rapidly along the characteristic line La as the differential pressure DP increases.
　従って、斯かる例においても、ブリード量を調整することができ、しかも、万一、弁体が、弁孔を閉状態とする方向に移動した場合であっても、弁体の弁座に対する食い付きを回避できる。 Therefore, even in such an example, the amount of bleed can be adjusted, and even if the valve body moves in the direction of closing the valve hole, the bite of the valve body against the valve seat You can avoid sticking.
　上述の図２、図６および図７に示される例においては、ストッパ部材２２、２６、および、３２に向けて延びる先細部２０Ｐの最先端部には、その円柱部近傍の直径よりも大であって弁ポートの内径よりも若干小なる直径φＤ２を有する大径部２０ＰＳが先細部２０Ｐと一体に形成されているが、斯かる例に限られることなく、例えば、大径部が、先細部２０Ｐとは個別に形成された後、ねじ機構または接合により、大径部と先細部２０Ｐとが一体とされてもよい。このような場合、その大径部の直径を弁ポートの内径よりも大に設定することができる。さらに、上述の図２および図７に示される例においては、大径部が、先細部２０Ｐの最先端に形成されているが、斯かる例に限られることなく、例えば、ニードル部材の最先端が挿入される凹部がストッパ部材の端面に形成される場合、ニードル部材の大径部が、ニードル部材の最先端よりも基部側の位置に鍔のように形成されてもよい。 In the example shown in FIGS. 2, 6, and 7 described above, the distal end portion of the tapered portion 20 </ b> P extending toward the stopper members 22, 26, and 32 has a diameter larger than the diameter near the cylindrical portion. The large-diameter portion 20PS having a diameter φD2 slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the valve port is integrally formed with the tapered portion 20P. However, the present invention is not limited to such an example. After being formed separately from 20P, the large-diameter portion and the tapered portion 20P may be integrated by a screw mechanism or joining. In such a case, the diameter of the large diameter portion can be set larger than the inner diameter of the valve port. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 7 described above, the large diameter portion is formed at the forefront of the tapered portion 20P. However, the present invention is not limited to such an example. When the concave portion into which the needle is inserted is formed on the end surface of the stopper member, the large-diameter portion of the needle member may be formed like a ridge at a position closer to the base side than the most distal end of the needle member.

Claims (6)

  1. 　冷凍サイクルシステムの配管に接合され、冷媒流量調整部よりも上流側に形成され冷媒が導入される一次室と該冷媒流量調整部よりも下流側に形成され該冷媒が排出される二次室とを有するチューブ本体と、
    　弁ポートを有し前記一次室と前記二次室とを区画し、前記冷媒流量調整部の一部を構成する弁座と、
    　前記弁座の弁ポートに対し近接または離隔可能に配され、該弁ポートの開口面積を制御する先細部を有し、前記冷媒流量調整部の一部を構成するニードル部材と、
    　前記二次室内に配置される付勢部材支持部と前記ニードル部材との間に配され、前記ニードル部材を、前記弁座の弁ポートに対し近接する方向に付勢する付勢部材と、
    　前記チューブ本体の前記一次室内に配置され、前記冷媒の圧力による前記ニードル部材に作用する力が前記付勢部材の付勢力を超えない場合、前記弁ポートの開口面積を所定の値となるように、当接される前記ニードル部材の先細部の先端部を支持するストッパ部材と、を備え、
    　前記ニードル部材の先細部の先端部は、前記ニードル部材の先細部の最小径部分の直径よりも大なる大径部を有することを特徴とする絞り装置。     A primary chamber that is joined to the piping of the refrigeration cycle system and is formed upstream of the refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit and into which refrigerant is introduced; and a secondary chamber that is formed downstream of the refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit and from which the refrigerant is discharged; A tube body having:
    A valve seat having a valve port, partitioning the primary chamber and the secondary chamber, and constituting a part of the refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit;
    A needle member that is arranged so as to be close to or away from the valve port of the valve seat, has a tapered portion that controls an opening area of the valve port, and forms a part of the refrigerant flow rate adjustment unit;
    A biasing member disposed between the biasing member support and the needle member disposed in the secondary chamber, and biasing the needle member in a direction approaching the valve port of the valve seat;
    When the force acting on the needle member due to the pressure of the refrigerant does not exceed the urging force of the urging member, the opening area of the valve port is set to a predetermined value. A stopper member that supports the tip of the tip of the needle member to be abutted,
    2. A throttling device according to claim 1, wherein a tip end portion of the tapered portion of the needle member has a large diameter portion larger than a diameter of a minimum diameter portion of the tapered portion of the needle member.
  2. 　前記ストッパ部材は、前記一次室側に向かって延び前記弁座に一体に形成された円筒部に固定されることを特徴とする請求項１記載の絞り装置。 2. A throttling device according to claim 1, wherein the stopper member extends toward the primary chamber and is fixed to a cylindrical portion formed integrally with the valve seat.
  3. 　冷媒を供給する配管に配され、該配管内に連通する開口端部を両端に有するガイドチューブと、
    　前記ガイドチューブに形成され、弁ポートを有する弁座と、
    　前記ガイドチューブにおける弁座に隣接して形成され該ガイドチューブの内周部と外周部と連通させる少なくとも一つの連通路と、
    　前記弁座の弁ポートに対し近接または離隔可能に配され該弁ポートの開口面積を制御する先細部を有するニードル部材と、
    　前記ニードル部材と前記ガイドチューブの一方の開口端部との間に配され、前記ニードル部材を前記弁座の弁ポートに対し近接する方向に付勢する付勢部材と、
    　前記ニードル部材と前記ガイドチューブの他方の開口端部との間に配され、前記冷媒の圧力による前記ニードル部材に作用する力が前記付勢部材の付勢力を超えない場合、前記付勢部材により付勢される前記ニードル部材の先細部と弁ポートの周縁との間に隙間を生じさせるように、当接される前記ニードル部材の先細部の先端部を支持するストッパ部材と、を備え、
    　前記ニードル部材の先細部の先端部は、前記ニードル部材の先細部の最小径部分の直径よりも大なる大径部を有することを特徴とする絞り装置。     A guide tube which is arranged in a pipe for supplying a refrigerant and has open end portions communicating with the pipe at both ends;
    A valve seat formed in the guide tube and having a valve port;
    At least one communication passage formed adjacent to the valve seat in the guide tube and communicating with the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the guide tube;
    A needle member having a taper for controlling an opening area of the valve port, the needle member being arranged to be close to or away from the valve port of the valve seat;
    An urging member that is arranged between the needle member and one open end of the guide tube and urges the needle member in a direction approaching the valve port of the valve seat;
    When the force acting on the needle member due to the pressure of the refrigerant does not exceed the biasing force of the biasing member, the biasing member is arranged between the needle member and the other opening end of the guide tube. A stopper member for supporting the tip of the tapered tip of the needle member so as to create a gap between the tapered tip of the needle member and the peripheral edge of the valve port;
    2. A throttling device according to claim 1, wherein a tip end portion of the tapered portion of the needle member has a large diameter portion larger than a diameter of a minimum diameter portion of the tapered portion of the needle member.
  4. 　前記ストッパ部材は、一部または全てが多孔質材料で形成されることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項３記載の絞り装置。 The diaphragm device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein a part or all of the stopper member is made of a porous material.
  5. 　前記ガイドチューブが、ガイドチューブの外径よりも大なる内径を有するチューブ本体の内周部に所定の隙間をもって配されることを特徴とする請求項３記載の絞り装置。 4. A throttling device according to claim 3, wherein the guide tube is arranged with a predetermined gap in an inner peripheral portion of a tube main body having an inner diameter larger than an outer diameter of the guide tube.
  6. 　蒸発器と、圧縮機、および、凝縮器とを備え、
    　請求項１乃至請求項５記載のうちのいずれかに記載の絞り装置が、前記凝縮器の出口と前記蒸発器の入口との間に配される配管に設けられることを特徴とする冷凍サイクルシステム。     An evaporator, a compressor, and a condenser;
    6. The refrigeration cycle system, wherein the expansion device according to claim 1 is provided in a pipe disposed between an outlet of the condenser and an inlet of the evaporator. .
PCT/JP2015/005283 2014-11-12 2015-10-20 Throttle device and refrigeration cycle system with same WO2016075872A1 (en)

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