WO2016070794A1 - 液流电池***荷电状态监测方法及其***、基于soc检测装置冗余设计的液流电池、液流电池实际容量确定方法及其装置、以及液流电池交流侧输入输出特性估算方法及其*** - Google Patents
液流电池***荷电状态监测方法及其***、基于soc检测装置冗余设计的液流电池、液流电池实际容量确定方法及其装置、以及液流电池交流侧输入输出特性估算方法及其*** Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04611—Power, energy, capacity or load of the individual fuel cell
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
- H01M8/188—Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/20—Indirect fuel cells, e.g. fuel cells with redox couple being irreversible
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/10—Fuel cells in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of liquid flow batteries, and particularly relates to a method and a system for monitoring a state of charge of a flow battery system, a flow battery based on redundancy design of the SOC detection device, a method for determining a actual capacity of a flow battery, and a device thereof, and Method and system for estimating input and output characteristics of AC side of flow battery.
- the flow battery has become one of the ideal choices for large-scale energy storage due to its long life, high safety, strong overcharge and over discharge capability, and environmental friendliness. Its main application markets include renewable energy power plants and user-side intelligent microgrids. (Residential areas, industrial areas, public facilities), etc., correspondingly, the flow battery system can realize various functions such as peak use, balance load and power quality improvement.
- the state of charge (SOC) is a parameter that reflects the state of the battery. It is the most direct basis for accurate control and management of the battery system. It is also one of the most important parameters of the flow battery.
- the real-time accurate state of charge ensures high reliability of the battery system. Sexual operation, improved battery life, and extended battery life are all critical. In order to ensure effective control and management of the flow battery, obtain good charge and discharge performance and long service life, it is necessary to always detect the state of charge of the flow battery to record the true and accurate SOC value, and further control the flow battery according to the value to perform corresponding
- the operating strategy such as the adjustment of the electrolyte flow rate, the change of the charge and discharge mode.
- the battery management system further feeds back the obtained SOC value to the superior energy management system, providing an important reference and basis for its scheduling. It can be said that the accuracy of the SOC value obtained by the SOC detecting device (ie, the deviation from the true value) directly affects the safety and stability of the operation of the flow battery or even the power storage system of the power station.
- the state of charge (SOC) of the flow battery is mainly known by monitoring the real-time voltage difference between the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte. Since the voltage difference is directly related to the electrolyte concentration, the flow battery system is positive and negative during the working process.
- the electrolyte in the extreme electrolyte storage tank flows through the electrolyte circulation pipeline and the electric reactor under the impetus of the circulation pump, and an electrochemical reaction occurs in the electric reactor to change the concentration of the active material entering the electrolyte in the electric reactor, and then The electrolyte is returned to the positive and negative electrolyte storage tanks and mixed with the electrolyte in the storage tank.
- the voltage difference between the positive and negative electrolytes at different positions of the flow battery is different, so any position of the flow battery is electricity.
- the voltage difference between the reactor inlet, the stack outlet, and the electrolyte in the positive and negative electrolyte storage tanks cannot directly reflect the real-time state of charge (SOC) of the liquid flow battery; the state of charge of the flow battery system in the prior art
- SOC state of charge
- the state of charge (SOC) of the entire flow battery system is reflected only by monitoring the voltage difference between the positive and negative electrolytes at a single position of the flow battery, and power/capacity configuration, charge and discharge stages, etc. have not been considered. Due to a number of factors, this method is simply handled in accordance with a uniform standard, and comprehensive and comprehensive monitoring and calculation of real-time accurate state of charge (SOC) is not possible.
- the difference between the SOC value of the SOC detection device and the actual value of the SOC fed back to the battery management system is even more than 10%.
- the inaccurate SOC affects the subsequent operation and management of the flow battery, and the scheduling command and the actual state of the flow battery are serious.
- the operation of the flow battery for overcharging and overdischarging will seriously affect the efficiency and stability of the entire energy storage system. In the long run, the capacity and performance of the battery system will be greatly reduced, the stack will be burnt, and the battery system will be damaged. Unable to continue working and so on.
- the power system or the superior dispatching system is more concerned with the capacity that the battery system can actually charge and discharge.
- certain operating parameters of the flow battery such as temperature, operating mode, electrolyte flow rate, electrolyte temperature, etc.
- the SOC obtained by the SOC detecting device cannot directly reflect the amount of electricity actually discharged by the liquid flow battery. If the SOC is used to reflect the chargeable and discharge capacity, the flow battery scheduling may be inaccurate. Overcharge, or scheduling system to determine errors and other issues, which seriously affect the operating efficiency and stability of the entire energy storage system and power station.
- the AC side input and output characteristics of the flow battery is one of the concerns of the user, and is a prerequisite for the user to use the flow battery well and correctly.
- the flow battery itself has auxiliary power consumption such as a magnetic pump, a heat exchange system, a ventilation system, a battery management system, a sensor, etc.
- auxiliary power consumption such as a magnetic pump, a heat exchange system, a ventilation system, a battery management system, a sensor, etc.
- Power consumption operation which makes the AC side input and output characteristics of the flow battery have a clear difference compared with the traditional battery; secondly, the self-discharge of the flow battery is also significantly different from the traditional battery, which is less affected by time and subject to capacity. The power ratio is relatively large.
- the flow battery is the same as the conventional battery, and it also involves the AC/DC conversion efficiency of the energy storage inverter and the transformer.
- the above factors determine the inaccurate estimation of the input and output characteristics of the AC side of the flow battery. For example, in the current system state, the maximum power that the AC side can withstand in different operating modes, and the maximum energy that can be charged or discharged by the AC side is often a problem that users are more concerned about.
- the present invention is directed to the above problems, and develops a method and system for monitoring the state of charge of a flow battery system, a flow battery based on redundant design of the SOC detecting device, a method for determining the actual capacity of the flow battery, a device thereof, and a liquid Method and system for estimating input and output characteristics of AC side of flow battery.
- a method for monitoring a state of charge of a flow battery system comprising a stack, a positive electrolyte storage tank, a negative electrolyte storage tank, and an electrolyte circulation line, the monitoring method comprising the following steps:
- Step 1 Determine the SOC of at least two pairs of different monitoring positions; any pair of monitoring positions are: in the positive electrolyte storage tank and in the negative electrolyte storage tank, in the positive electrolyte outlet line of the stack, and in the negative electrode electrolysis of the stack In the liquid outlet line, or in the positive electrolyte inlet line of the stack and in the negative electrolyte inlet line of the stack;
- Step 2 According to the SOC corresponding to each pair of monitoring positions, the total state of charge of the flow battery system is obtained;
- step 2 is specifically:
- SOC and SOC b in the positive electrolyte storage tank and the negative electrolyte storage tank of the corresponding monitoring position are the SOC in the positive electrolyte outlet line of the corresponding monitoring position stack and the negative electrolyte outlet line of the stack
- SOC c is the SOC in the positive electrolyte inlet line of the corresponding monitoring position stack and the negative electrolyte inlet line of the stack;
- step 2 is specifically:
- Monitoring the SOC and SOC c in the positive electrode electrolyte outlet line of the position stack and the negative electrode electrolyte outlet line of the stack are the positive electrode electrolyte inlet line of the corresponding monitoring position stack and the negative electrode electrolyte inlet of the stack SOC in the pipeline;
- step 2 the method further has the following steps:
- the step of configuring the coefficients A, B, and C according to the ratio of the power and the capacity of the flow battery system is specifically:
- step 1 determines whether the ratio of the power and capacity of the flow battery system is greater than or equal to the first preset value, then step 2 is performed, otherwise step 3 is performed;
- step 4 determines whether the ratio of the power and capacity of the flow battery system is less than the second predetermined value, then step 4 is performed, otherwise step 5 is performed;
- the step of configuring the coefficients A, B, and C according to the ratio of the power and the capacity of the flow battery system is specifically:
- step i determining whether the ratio of the power and capacity of the flow battery system is greater than or equal to the first predetermined value, is to perform step ii, otherwise step iii;
- SOC level (SOC a + SOC b ) / 2
- SOC level (SOC a + SOC c ) / 2
- SOC level (SOC b + SOC c ) / 2 to obtain the SOC of any two pairs of monitoring positions
- the average SOC is flat , and step vi is performed;
- a flow battery system charging state monitoring system comprising a stack, a positive electrolyte storage tank, a negative electrolyte storage tank and an electrolyte circulation pipeline, the monitoring system comprising:
- a monitoring device for determining SOC of at least two pairs of different monitoring positions any pair of monitoring positions are: a positive electrode electrolyte tank and a negative electrode electrolyte tank, a positive electrode electrolyte outlet line of the stack, and a negative electrode electrolyte of the stack On the outlet line, or on the positive electrolyte inlet line of the stack and on the negative electrolyte inlet line of the stack;
- the monitoring system further includes a connection monitoring device, configured to obtain a total SOC acquisition module of the state of charge SOC of the flow battery system according to the SOC corresponding to each pair of monitoring positions;
- the SOC and SOC c in the anode electrolyte outlet line of the road and the stack are the SOC in the cathode electrolyte inlet line of the monitoring pile and the anode electrolyte inlet line of the stack;
- SOC b is a negative electrolyte outlet piping monitor the position corresponding to the stack of the positive electrode and electrolytic solution outlet line stack in SOC
- SOC c corresponding monitor the position of the stack The SOC in the positive electrolyte inlet line and in the negative electrolyte inlet line of the stack.
- a flow battery based on redundant design of a SOC detecting device at least two pairs of SOC detecting devices are disposed at the same monitoring position;
- the monitoring position refers to a positive electrode electrolyte tank and a negative electrode electrolyte tank, and a positive electrode of the stack Any pair of positions on the electrolyte outlet line and the anode electrolyte outlet line, the positive electrode electrolyte inlet line of the stack, and the negative electrode electrolyte inlet line;
- connection manner of the SOC detecting device is serial or parallel
- the flow battery further includes a battery management system, and the battery management system includes:
- the SOC calculation module calculating, according to the signal detected by the SOC detecting device in the running state, the SOC value corresponding to each SOC detecting device;
- the SOC fault judging module comparing the calculated SOC values to determine the SOC detecting device in the fault state;
- SOC fault elimination module performing an operation of closing a valve at both ends of the SOC detecting device in a fault state
- the SOC fault determination module determines the SOC detecting device in a fault state by using a preset fault determining program, where the fault determining program includes:
- the SOC fault determining module works as follows:
- the difference between each SOC value obtained by calculation and other SOC values is compared. If the difference between the current SOC value and other SOC values is greater than the set fault threshold Y 1 , the SOC corresponding to the current SOC value is determined.
- the detection device state is a fault, and the SOC fault elimination module is started;
- the SOC fault judging module works as follows:
- the SOC calculation module performs the SOC calculation again, and the SOC fault determination module continues to compare the calculated SOC values to re-determine the SOC detecting device in the fault state;
- the flow battery has at least N pairs of mutually redundant SOC detecting devices in the same monitoring position, wherein the NM is in the running state of the SOC detecting device, and the M is in the standby state of the SOC detecting device, 2 ⁇ NM ⁇ N, N ⁇ 3;
- the battery management system further includes a state switching module; the state switching module controls the standby SOC detecting device to implement switching between the standby state and the operating state;
- the state switching module of the battery management system automatically controls the valves at both ends of the standby SOC detecting device after the SOC fault eliminating module performs the operation of closing the valves at both ends of the faulty SOC detecting device, and switches the standby SOC detecting device from the standby state to the running state. .
- a method for determining a actual capacity of a flow battery comprising the following steps:
- Step a stars flow battery system by the state of charge SOC of the total state of charge monitoring method according to any preceding flow battery system and battery SOC as a liquid stream;
- Step 2 Obtain the current operating state parameters of the flow battery
- Step 3 According to the obtained flow battery SOC, the current running state parameter of the known flow battery, and the corresponding relationship between the actual capacity of the flow battery and the flow battery SOC and the flow battery operating state parameter, the flow battery is determined. Actual capacity;
- the actual capacity of the flow battery specifically includes a practical discharge capacity of the flow battery;
- the flow battery operating state parameter includes at least: a ratio of the discharge power to the rated power, an electrolyte temperature, and an electrolyte flow rate;
- C d is the actual discharge capacity of the flow battery
- C r is the rated discharge capacity of the flow battery
- R (SOC, P) is the SOC of the different flow batteries, and the discharge power of the different flow batteries and the flow battery
- R (T, P) is the discharge power of the battery at different electrolyte temperatures and different flow batteries and the flow battery The ratio of the actual discharge capacity of the flow battery
- the actual capacity of the flow battery further includes an actual chargeable capacity of the flow battery;
- the flow battery operating state parameter further includes: a ratio of the charging power to the rated power; the actual rechargeable capacity and the liquid of the flow battery
- C c C' r ⁇ R' (SOC, P) ⁇ R' (T, P) ⁇ R' (F, P) ;
- c is the actual rechargeable capacity of the flow battery;
- C' r is the rated charge capacity of the flow battery;
- R' (SOC, P) is the SOC of the different flow batteries, and the charging power of different flow batteries and the rated power of the flow battery
- R' (T, P) is the charge power at different electrolyte temperatures, and the charge power of the flow battery and the flow battery rating The ratio of the actual chargeable capacity of the flow battery to the rated charge capacity of the flow battery under the condition of the power
- the flow battery operating state parameter further includes at least one of a flow battery operating mode, an ambient temperature, an electrolyte pressure, a positive and negative storage tank electrolyte surface difference, and an electrolyte concentration;
- the flow battery is in different electrolytes.
- the ratio of the actual discharge capacity to the rated discharge capacity under the condition of temperature, different discharge power and rated power is pre-stored, and the flow battery is in different electrolyte flow rates, different discharge powers and rated powers.
- the ratio of the actual discharge capacity to the rated discharge capacity during operation under the condition of the ratio is pre-stored, and the flow battery is different in advance.
- the ratio of the actual chargeable capacity and the rated charge capacity under the condition of the ratio of different charging power to the rated power are pre-stored, in advance for the flow battery at different electrolyte temperatures, different charging powers and rated power
- the ratio of the actual chargeable capacity and the rated charge capacity during operation under the condition of the ratio is pre-stored, and the actual chargeable when the flow battery is operated under the conditions of different electrolyte flow rates, different charging powers and rated powers.
- the ratio of the capacity to the rated charging capacity is pre-stored;
- the step 3 is specifically: determining a corresponding parameter R (SOC, according to the obtained flow battery SOC, the ratio of the current discharge power of the flow battery to the rated power, the electrolyte temperature, and the electrolyte flow rate .
- a liquid flow battery actual capacity determining device comprising:
- a parameter learning module for obtaining a current operating state parameter of the flow battery
- the actual capacity parameter learning module connected to the determining module;
- flow battery system of monitoring the state of charge SOC of the system comprises an acquisition module derived flow battery system as the total state of charge SOC The flow battery SOC;
- the actual capacity determining module is configured to combine the actual flow battery state SOC with the flow battery SOC and the flow battery operating state according to the obtained flow battery SOC, the current current operating state parameter of the known flow battery The correspondence between the parameters determines the actual capacity of the flow battery;
- the actual capacity of the flow battery specifically includes a practical discharge capacity of the flow battery;
- the flow battery operating state parameter includes at least: a ratio of the discharge power to the rated power, an electrolyte temperature, and an electrolyte flow rate;
- C d is the actual discharge capacity of the flow battery
- C r is the rated discharge capacity of the flow battery
- R (SOC, P) is the SOC of the different flow batteries, and the discharge power of the different flow batteries and the flow battery
- R (T, P) is the discharge power of the battery at different electrolyte temperatures and different flow batteries and the flow battery The ratio of the actual discharge capacity of the flow battery
- the actual capacity of the flow battery further includes an actual chargeable capacity of the flow battery;
- the flow battery operating state parameter further includes: a ratio of the charging power to the rated power; the actual rechargeable capacity and the liquid of the flow battery
- C c C' r ⁇ R' (SOC, P) ⁇ R' (T, P) ⁇ R' (F, P) ;
- c is the actual rechargeable capacity of the flow battery;
- C' r is the rated charge capacity of the flow battery;
- R' (SOC, P) is the SOC of the different flow batteries, and the charging power of different flow batteries and the rated power of the flow battery
- R' (T, P) is the charge power at different electrolyte temperatures, and the charge power of the flow battery and the flow battery rating The ratio of the actual chargeable capacity of the flow battery to the rated charge capacity of the flow battery under the condition of the power
- the flow battery operating state parameter further includes at least one of a flow battery operating mode, an ambient temperature, an electrolyte pressure, a positive and negative storage tank electrolyte surface difference, and an electrolyte concentration;
- the determining device further includes a storage module connected to the actual capacity determining module; the storage module is configured to pre-operate the flow battery under different SOC, different discharge power and rated power ratios The ratio of the actual discharge capacity to the rated discharge capacity is pre-stored, and the actual discharge capacity and the rated discharge capacity of the flow battery are operated in advance at different electrolyte temperatures, different discharge powers, and rated power ratios.
- the ratio is pre-stored, and the ratio of the actual discharge capacity to the rated discharge capacity when the flow battery is operated under the conditions of different electrolyte flow rates, different discharge powers and rated powers is pre-stored, and the flow battery is previously Different ratios of actual chargeable capacity and rated charge capacity under different conditions of SOC, different charging power and rated power are pre-stored, and different currents, different charging powers and rated powers are applied to the flow battery in advance.
- Actual charge capacity and rated charge capacity when operating at a ratio of conditions Each pre-stored ratio value, the actual charge capacity prior to the flow battery operating at different electrolyte flow ratios, different charging power rated power when the ratio of the respective nominal charge capacity is stored;
- the actual capacity determining module determines the corresponding parameter R (SOC, P according to the obtained flow battery SOC, the ratio of the current discharge power of the flow battery to the rated power, the electrolyte temperature, and the electrolyte flow rate.
- a method for estimating an input/output characteristic of an AC side of a flow battery wherein the output end of the flow battery is connected to one end of the energy storage inverter with or without a DC voltage transformer, and the other end of the energy storage inverter passes or not
- the AC transformer device is connected to the AC bus, and the contact point between the energy storage inverter and the AC bus or the contact point between the AC voltage transformer and the AC bus is used as the AC battery AC side.
- the efficiency of the DC transformer device the AC/DC conversion efficiency of the energy storage inverter, the efficiency of the AC transformer device, the auxiliary energy consumption of the flow battery, and the determined actual capacity of the flow battery, the AC side of the flow battery is actually provided. Or the amount of electricity actually absorbed;
- E ACO is the amount actually supplied by the AC side when the flow battery is discharged
- E ACI is the amount actually absorbed by the AC side when the flow battery is charged
- C c is the actual rechargeable capacity of the flow battery
- C d is the actual discharge capacity of the flow battery
- TE 1 is the efficiency of the DC transformer
- TE 2 is the AC/DC conversion efficiency of the energy storage inverter
- TE 3 is the AC change.
- the efficiency of the pressure equipment, EC A is the auxiliary energy consumption of the flow battery;
- the estimating method further includes the following steps:
- the AC side SOC of the flow battery when the flow battery is charged is obtained by 100%-E ACI /E' R ;
- the AC side SOC of the flow battery when the flow battery is discharged is obtained by E ACO /E R ;
- E' R is the rated absorbed power of the AC side of the flow battery, and
- E R is the rated discharge amount of the AC side of the flow battery;
- P ACO the actual power supplied by the AC side of the flow battery
- P ACI is the actual absorbed power of the AC side of the flow battery
- P LC is the flow Battery charging power
- TE 1 is the efficiency of DC transformer equipment
- TE 2 is the AC/DC conversion efficiency of the energy storage inverter
- TE 3 is the efficiency of the AC transformer equipment
- EC A is the flow battery auxiliary energy consumption
- P LF Discharge power for the flow battery when the actual power supplied by the AC side of the flow battery P ACO or the actual absorbed power P ACI of the flow battery is a known amount preset according to the user's demand, the corresponding
- An AC-side input-output characteristic estimation system for a flow battery wherein the flow battery output end is connected to one end of the energy storage inverter with or without a DC voltage conversion device, and the other end of the energy storage inverter passes or not
- the AC transformer device is connected to the AC bus, and the contact point of the energy storage inverter and the AC bus or the contact point of the AC transformer device and the AC bus is used as the AC battery AC side.
- the estimation system includes:
- An estimation module connected to the actual capacity determining device of the flow battery; the estimating module is based on the efficiency of the DC transformer device, the AC/DC conversion efficiency of the energy storage inverter, the efficiency of the AC transformer device, and the auxiliary energy consumption of the flow battery And the determined actual capacity of the flow battery to obtain the amount of electricity actually supplied or actually absorbed by the AC side of the flow battery;
- the estimating module obtains the AC side SOC of the flow battery when the flow battery is charged by 100%-E ACI /E' R ; and the flow when the flow battery is discharged by E ACO /E R Battery AC side SOC; wherein E' R is the rated absorbed power of the flow side of the flow battery, and E R is the rated discharge amount of the AC side of the flow battery;
- P ACO the actual power supplied by the AC side of the flow battery
- P ACI is the actual absorbed power of the AC side of the flow battery
- P LC is the flow Battery charging power
- TE 1 is the efficiency of DC transformer equipment
- TE 2 is the AC/DC conversion efficiency of the energy storage inverter
- TE 3 is the efficiency of the AC transformer equipment
- EC A is the flow battery auxiliary energy consumption
- P LF Discharge power for the flow battery when the actual power supplied by the AC side of the flow battery P ACO or the actual absorbed power P ACI of the flow battery is a known amount preset according to the user's demand, the corresponding
- the estimation system further includes a power change determination module for determining whether the power change on the AC side of the flow battery is frequent, and a comparison module for comparing the SOC and the SOC threshold of the flow battery; when the flow battery is on the AC side
- the power change determination module determines whether the power change of the AC side of the flow battery is frequent by determining whether the time interval between the powers of the alternating current side of the flow battery is lower than a preset time interval.
- the method and system for monitoring the state of charge of the flow battery system provided by the present invention, the flow battery based on the redundant design of the SOC detecting device, the method for determining the actual capacity of the flow battery, and the device thereof, and the liquid flow
- the method and system for estimating the input and output characteristics of the battery AC side have the following beneficial effects:
- the state of charge of the flow battery system is obtained, so that the monitoring result of the state of charge (SOC) is closer to the true value, and the monitoring is accurate, comprehensive and convenient.
- SOC state of charge
- the real-time knowledge of the state of charge of different monitoring positions of the flow battery system realizes the redundancy of the SOC measurement; and when the monitoring device set in some monitoring positions fails, the state of charge can be accurately obtained in real time. Monitoring results, which will help improve the efficiency of the flow battery, extend the battery life, and accurately manage the flow battery system;
- the monitored SOC value is always the accurate value that can be referenced, prolonging the service life of the flow battery, improving the safe and stable operation capability of the flow battery; no need to stop the flow battery during the process of replacing and maintaining the SOC detection device, without interruption
- the detection of SOC ensures the normal operation and scheduling of the flow battery, greatly reduces the shutdown frequency of the flow battery, improves the operating efficiency and output capacity of the flow battery, and ensures that the battery management system and the superior energy management system can receive at any time.
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a method of monitoring a state of charge of a flow battery system according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view showing a state of charge monitoring system of a flow battery system according to a second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view showing a flow battery based on a redundancy design of a SOC detecting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view showing a battery management system of a flow battery based on a redundancy design of a SOC detecting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 5-a, Figure 5-b, and Figure 5-c are schematic diagrams showing the redundant structure of different SOC detecting devices relating to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing a failure determination routine of a flow battery based on a redundant design of the SOC detecting device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing a method of determining a actual capacity of a flow battery according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a flow battery actual capacity determining device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 9 is a diagram showing R in the range of 0 to 100% and discharge power between 0 and P r according to the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment of the present invention, R (SOC, P) at any SOC and discharge power. ) example of FIG curved relationship;
- Fig. 10 is a view showing the temperature of the electrolyte in the range of 0 to 50 ° C and the discharge power in the range of 0 to P r according to the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment of the present invention, R at any electrolyte temperature and discharge power.
- FIG 11 is a diagram according to a fourth embodiment and a fifth embodiment of the present invention, electrolyte flow in the range of 0% to 100%, the discharge power is between 0 ⁇ P r, and any electrolyte flow at a discharge power of An example of the surface relationship of R (F, P) ;
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a method of estimating an AC side input/output characteristic of a flow battery according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 13 is a diagram showing a junction of an AC side input/output characteristic estimating system of a flow battery according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the connection between the flow battery of the sixth embodiment and the seventh embodiment of the present invention and the AC side of the flow battery;
- 15 is a schematic diagram showing power and capacity characteristics of a flow battery according to a sixth embodiment and a seventh embodiment of the present invention during no-load operation;
- Fig. 16 is a view showing an example of a relationship between an AC/DC conversion efficiency and an output ratio of an energy storage inverter output to an energy storage inverter according to a sixth embodiment and a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- a method for monitoring a state of charge of a flow battery system includes electricity a stack, a positive electrolyte storage tank, a negative electrolyte storage tank, and an electrolyte circulation line; the monitoring method includes the following steps:
- Step 1 Determine the SOC of at least two pairs of different monitoring positions; any pair of monitoring positions are: in the positive electrolyte storage tank and in the negative electrolyte storage tank, in the positive electrolyte outlet line of the stack, and in the negative electrode electrolysis of the stack In the liquid outlet line, or in the positive electrolyte inlet line of the stack and in the negative electrolyte inlet line of the stack;
- Step 2 According to the SOC corresponding to each pair of monitoring positions, the total state of charge of the flow battery system is obtained;
- the step 2 is specifically:
- SOC and SOC b in the positive electrolyte storage tank and the negative electrolyte storage tank of the corresponding monitoring position are the SOC in the positive electrolyte outlet line of the corresponding monitoring position stack and the negative electrolyte outlet line of the stack
- SOC c is the SOC in the positive electrolyte inlet line of the corresponding monitoring position stack and the negative electrolyte inlet line of the stack;
- the step 2 is specifically:
- Monitoring the SOC and SOC c in the positive electrode electrolyte outlet line of the position stack and the negative electrode electrolyte outlet line of the stack are the positive electrode electrolyte inlet line of the corresponding monitoring position stack and the negative electrode electrolyte inlet of the stack SOC in the pipeline;
- the method further has the following steps:
- the step of configuring the coefficients A, B, and C according to the ratio of the power and the capacity of the flow battery system is specifically:
- step 1 determines whether the ratio of the power and capacity of the flow battery system is greater than or equal to the first preset value, then step 2 is performed, otherwise step 3 is performed;
- step 4 determines whether the ratio of the power and capacity of the flow battery system is less than the second predetermined value, then step 4 is performed, otherwise step 5 is performed;
- the step of configuring the coefficients A, B, and C according to the ratio of the power and the capacity of the flow battery system is specifically:
- step i determining whether the ratio of the power and capacity of the flow battery system is greater than or equal to the first predetermined value, is to perform step ii, otherwise step iii;
- SOC level (SOC a + SOC b ) / 2
- SOC level (SOC a + SOC c ) / 2
- SOC level (SOC b + SOC c ) / 2 to obtain the SOC of any two pairs of monitoring positions
- the average SOC is flat , and step vi is performed;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view showing a state of charge monitoring system of a flow battery system according to a second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, a state of charge monitoring system for a flow battery system, the flow battery system
- the utility model comprises a stack 1, a positive electrolyte storage tank 2, a negative electrolyte storage tank 3 and an electrolyte circulation pipeline, wherein the monitoring system comprises: a monitoring device for determining SOC of at least two pairs of different monitoring positions; : in the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank 2 and in the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank 3, on the positive electrode electrolyte outlet pipe of the stack 1 and on the negative electrode electrolyte outlet pipe of the stack 1, or on the positive electrode electrolyte inlet pipe of the stack 1.
- the second embodiment of the present invention can determine at least two by potentiometric titration, spectrophotometry or potential detection.
- the monitoring device is a potentiometric titration device, a spectrophotometric device or a potential detecting device, wherein the potentiometric titration mode and the spectrophotometric mode are determined by determining the valence ions in the positive and negative electrolytes in the prior art.
- the method of determining the SOC by means of the content the following specifically describes the process of determining the SOC of different monitoring position pairs by means of potential detection:
- the electrolyte circulation line of the second embodiment of the present invention includes a positive electrode electrolyte outlet line 6 of the stack, a negative electrode electrolyte outlet line 7 of the stack, a positive electrode electrolyte inlet line 8 of the stack, and a stack of the stack.
- the negative electrode electrolyte inlet line 9; the potential detecting device 4 may specifically include a first potential monitoring module 41, a second potential monitoring module 42, and a potential difference acquisition connecting the first potential monitoring module 41 and the second potential monitoring module 42.
- the module 43 has a pair of monitoring devices in the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank and the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank, and the first potential monitoring module 41 and the second component are respectively disposed in the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank and the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank.
- the potential monitoring module 42 detects the positive electrode electrolyte potential in the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank and the negative electrode electrolyte potential in the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank, and the potential difference acquisition module 43 obtains the difference between the positive electrode electrolyte potential and the negative electrode electrolyte potential.
- the first potential monitoring module 41 and the second potential monitoring module 42 are respectively disposed on the negative electrode electrolyte outlet pipe of the stack, and the positive electrode electrolyte potential in the positive electrode electrolyte outlet pipe of the stack and the negative electrode electrolyte outlet of the stack are detected.
- the potential difference acquisition module 43 obtains a difference between the positive electrolyte potential and the negative electrolyte potential; the positive electrolyte inlet conduit of the stack and the negative electrolyte inlet conduit of the stack A pair of monitoring devices are formed in the road, and the first potential monitoring module 41 and the second potential monitoring module 42 are respectively placed on the positive electrolyte inlet pipe of the stack and the negative electrolyte inlet pipe of the stack, and the stack is detected.
- the potential detecting device may be a potential monitor or a SOC battery; when the potential detecting device obtains a positive and negative electrolyte potential difference of each pair of monitoring positions ( After determined by detecting the positive and negative electrolytic solution in which the SOC state electrolyte potential difference) may be obtained using a weighted average method flow battery state of charge SOC of the total system, may also be obtained by other empirical formula of the total SOC; the The first potential monitoring module 41 and the second potential monitoring module 42 monitor the potential through electrodes placed in the electrolyte, and specifically may have detection electrodes respectively, or may include detection electrodes and reference electrodes respectively (ie, using a reference electrode method) The potential difference between the positive and negative electrolytes determine
- the method and system for monitoring the state of charge of a flow battery system by integrating the state of charge of a plurality of monitoring positions of the flow battery system, thereby obtaining a charge of the flow battery system
- the state makes the monitoring state of the state of charge (SOC) closer to the true value, and the monitoring is accurate and comprehensive; at the same time, it is convenient to know the state of charge of different monitoring positions of the flow battery system in real time, and realize the redundancy of the SOC measurement;
- the monitoring device set in some monitoring positions fails, the monitoring result of the state of charge can be accurately obtained in real time, thereby improving the use efficiency of the flow battery, prolonging the service life of the battery, and accurately managing the flow battery system.
- Table 1 shows the monitoring error comparison data of the flow battery system using different state of charge monitoring methods, wherein the monitoring error data correspond to:
- the first case the SOC at the inlet of the stack is taken as the total SOC of the flow battery system.
- two cases at the outlet of the SOC stack as total SOC flow battery system, the third case: the positive electrolyte storage tank SOC and negative electrodes within the tank as total SOC flow battery system, and
- a fourth case the integrated positive electrode electrolyte storage tank negative electrolyte of the present invention and within the tank, the stack positive electrolyte outlet line And the SOC of the three pairs of monitoring positions in the anode electrolyte outlet line of the stack, and in the cathode electrolyte inlet line of the stack and the anode electrolyte inlet line of the stack as the total SOC of the flow battery system, It can be seen from 1 that the state of charge (SOC) monitoring result of the present invention has a small error and the result is accurate.
- SOC state of
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view showing a flow battery based on a redundancy design of a SOC detecting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, which is provided with at least two pairs of SOC detecting devices 11 at the same monitoring position.
- the monitoring position may be in the positive electrolyte storage tank 2 and the negative electrolyte storage tank 3, on the electrolyte inlet line of the stack or the electrolyte outlet of the stack Any pair of positions on the pipeline; that is, the positive electrode of each of the SOC detecting devices 11 may be placed in the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank 2, and the negative electrode of the SOC detecting device 11 may be placed in the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank 3; or the SOC detecting device
- the anode of 11 is connected to the cathode electrolyte inlet line of the stack, and the cathode of the SOC detecting device 11 is connected to the anode electrolyte inlet line of the stack; or the anode of the SOC detecting device 11 and the cathode electrolyte outlet line of the stack Connected, the negative electrode of the SOC detecting device 11 is connected to the negative electrode electrolyte outlet line of the stack;
- the battery management system includes: an SOC calculation module, an SOC failure determination module, and an SOC failure elimination module; wherein the SOC calculation module is configured to detect a signal according to the SOC detection device in an operating state Calculating a SOC value corresponding to each pair of SOC detecting devices; the SOC fault determining module is configured to compare the calculated SOC values to determine a SOC detecting device in a fault state, and the SOC fault determining module can pass a preset The failure judging program determines the SOC detecting device in the fault state, and FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the fault judging program of the flow battery based on the redundant design of the SOC detecting device according to the third embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG.
- the fault judging program described is divided into two cases according to the logarithm of the SOC detecting device in the running state, including:
- the working mode of the SOC fault judging module is as follows:
- Each SOC value is calculated to be compared with other SOC values, and if the difference between the current SOC value and the SOC value corresponding to other SOC detecting devices is greater than the set fault threshold Y 1 (eg, 5%) , determining that the current state of the SOC detecting device is a fault, and starting the SOC fault eliminating module;
- the working mode of the SOC fault judging module is as follows:
- a standby design structure may also adopt a multi-purpose and multi-preparation design structure, that is, when at least N pairs of mutually redundant SOC detecting devices are provided, wherein the NM is in the running state of the SOC detecting device, and the M pair SOC detecting device is in the standby state. 2 ⁇ NM ⁇ N, N ⁇ 3; at the same time, in order to cope with the fact that the flow battery cannot replace the SOC detecting device in a fault state in time, it is still necessary to ensure the accuracy of the SOC value measurement or to switch the SOC detecting device in the standby state. For running status, etc.
- the battery management system is provided with a state switching module, in addition to the SOC calculation module, the SOC fault determination module, and the SOC fault elimination module, and the state switching module controls the standby SOC detection.
- the device realizes switching between the standby state and the running state. For example, after the SOC fault elimination module performs the operation of closing the valves at both ends of the faulty SOC detecting device, the valves at both ends of the standby SOC detecting device are automatically controlled to be turned on, and the SOC detecting device is switched from the standby state.
- the SOC calculation module performs the calculation again, and the SOC fault determination module continues to compare the calculated SOC values, and re-determines the SOC detecting device in the fault state to ensure the SOC value measurement.
- the SOC detecting device includes, but is not limited to, a SOC battery and a potentiometer;
- FIGS. 5-a, 5b, and 5-c are diagrams showing different SOC detecting devices according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The redundancy structure is schematically illustrated. The flow battery of the SOC detection device redundantly designed is further described below with reference to FIG. 5-a, FIG. 5-b and FIG. 5-c:
- C1 ⁇ C4 are a set of SOC detection devices, and the monitoring position is the stack inlet line (R+ in the figure, the positive inlet line of the stack, R-, the negative inlet line of the stack)
- C1 ⁇ C4 front and rear are installed with a valve controlled by the state switching module, C1 ⁇ C4 liquid relationship is connected in parallel; set the current state is C1 ⁇ C3 is in operation, C4 valve is closed That is, the standby state, the corresponding average value is calculated according to the SOC value measured by C1 to C3 and used as the SOC value of the flow battery; if at some time t 1 , the SOC value obtained by the C1 measurement value is found with C2 and C3.
- the difference in SOC value obtained by the measured value is greater than 5%.
- the preset fault judgment procedure is as shown in FIG. 7 to determine the C1 fault; at this time, the C1 front and rear end valves can be closed to disable, replace or replace the faulty C1. Open the C4 valve in the standby state and re-calculate the SOC, continue to compare the calculated SOC values, and re-determine the SOC detecting device in the fault state to ensure the continuity and validity of the SOC value measurement; The battery system is not allowed to replace C1.
- the calculation of the SOC is adjusted to the average value of the SOC measured by C2 and C3, and the flow battery system continues to operate; if the current battery system is allowed to replace C1, after the C1 is replaced, the standby state C1 can be switched to the running state.
- the calculation of SOC can be adjusted back to the average value of SOC measured by C1 ⁇ C3; if the valve at both ends before and after C4 is turned on, the standby state C4 is switched to the running state, then the calculation of SOC can be adjusted to the average value of SOC measured by C2 ⁇ C4. .
- C1 to C3 are a set of SOC detection devices whose monitoring position is at the outlet line of the stack (L+ in the figure, the positive outlet line of the stack, L-, the negative outlet of the stack) ); valves are installed at the front end and the rear end of C1 to C3, and the liquid path relationship of C1 to C3 is connected in series; the corresponding average value is calculated according to the SOC value measured by C1 to C3 and used as the SOC value of the flow battery.
- t 2 it is found that the difference between the SOC value obtained by the C2 measurement value and the SOC value obtained by the C1 and C3 measurement values is greater than 5%, and the preset fault judgment program is determined as shown in FIG. 7 .
- C2 fault; at this time, the front and rear end valves of C2 can be closed. At this time, the calculation of SOC is adjusted to the average value of SOC measured by C1 and C3, and the flow battery system continues to operate. At the same time, C2 is replaced if the battery system allows; C2 is replaced. After that, the standby state C2 can be switched to the running state, and the calculation of the SOC can be adjusted back to the average value of the SOC measured by C1 to C3.
- C1 and C2 are a group of SOC batteries.
- the monitoring position is on the electrolyte storage tank side.
- the electrolyte level is used to make the electrolyte flow into the SOC battery.
- the liquid path relationship of C1 and C2 is connected in parallel.
- FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing a method for determining the actual capacity of a flow battery according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and the method for determining the actual capacity of the flow battery shown in FIG. 7 includes the following steps:
- Step a stars flow battery system by the state of charge SOC of the total state of charge monitoring method according to any preceding flow battery system and battery SOC as a liquid stream;
- Step 2 Obtain the current operating state parameters of the flow battery
- Step 3 According to the obtained flow battery SOC, the current running state parameter of the known flow battery, and the corresponding relationship between the actual capacity of the flow battery and the flow battery SOC and the flow battery operating state parameter, the flow battery is determined. Actual capacity;
- the actual capacity of the flow battery specifically includes a practical discharge capacity of the flow battery;
- the flow battery operating state parameter includes at least: a ratio of the discharge power to the rated power, an electrolyte temperature, and an electrolyte flow rate;
- C d is the actual discharge capacity of the flow battery
- C r is the rated discharge capacity of the flow battery
- R (SOC, P) is the SOC of the different flow batteries, and the discharge power of the different flow batteries and the flow battery
- R (T, P) is the discharge power of the battery at different electrolyte temperatures and different flow batteries and the flow battery The ratio of the actual discharge capacity of the flow battery
- the ratio of the capacity to the rated discharge capacity is pre-stored, and the ratio of the actual discharge capacity to the rated discharge capacity when the flow battery is operated under the conditions of different electrolyte flow rates, different discharge powers and rated powers is pre-stored. , in advance, the conditions of the ratio of the different SOC, different charging power and rated power of the flow battery
- the actual chargeable capacity and the rated charge capacity are pre-stored during operation, and the actual chargeable capacity and rated charge when the flow battery is operated under the conditions of different electrolyte temperatures, different charging powers and rated powers.
- the ratios of the capacities are pre-stored, and the ratios of the actual chargeable capacity and the rated charge capacity when the flow battery is operated under the conditions of different electrolyte flow rates, different charging powers and rated powers are pre-stored; further,
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the structure of a flow battery actual capacity determining device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and a flow battery actual capacity determining device shown in FIG. 8 includes: a liquid battery actual capacity determination
- the device includes: the flow state monitoring system of the flow battery system according to any one of the above; a parameter obtaining module for obtaining a current operating state parameter of the flow battery; and a charging state monitoring system and a parameter learning module of the flow battery system; determining the actual capacity of the connected module;
- flow battery system of monitoring the state of charge SOC acquisition system comprises a flow battery system of the state of charge SOC module obtained as the total flow battery SOC; means for determining the actual capacity in accordance with The obtained flow battery SOC, the current operating state parameter of the known liquid flow battery, and the actual relationship between the actual capacity of the flow battery and the flow battery SOC and the flow battery operating state parameter determine the actual capacity of the flow battery; further
- the actual capacity of the flow battery specifically includes the actual discharge capacity of the flow battery; the flow
- the ratio of the actual chargeable capacity to the rated charge capacity of the flow battery; R' (F, P) is the flow at different electrolyte flow rates, and the ratio of the different battery flow charging power to the flow battery rated power.
- Battery actual rechargeable capacity and flow battery rating a ratio of the charging capacity;
- the flow battery operating state parameter further includes at least one of a flow battery operating mode, an ambient temperature, an electrolyte pressure, a positive and negative storage tank electrolyte surface difference, and an electrolyte concentration
- the determining device further includes a storage module connected to the actual capacity determining module; the storage module is configured to operate the flow battery in different SOC, different discharge power and rated power ratios in advance
- the ratio of the actual discharge capacity to the rated discharge capacity is pre-stored, and the actual discharge capacity and the rated discharge capacity of the flow battery when operating at different electrolyte temperatures, different discharge powers and rated power ratios in advance Each ratio is pre-stored, and the ratio of the actual discharge capacity to the rated discharge capacity
- the current state monitoring system of the flow battery system obtains the current SOC state of the flow battery, and obtains the current discharge power of the flow battery through the parameter acquisition module, and further obtains the ratio of the discharge power of the flow battery to the rated power.
- the actual capacity determination module according to the current SOC state of the flow battery, the current discharge power of the flow battery and the rated power, combined with the pre-stored different SOC, and the actual discharge capacity corresponding to the ratio of different discharge power to rated power rated discharge capacity ratio of each of R (SOC, P), and the obtained current flow battery SOC state, and the ratio of discharge current flow battery power and the rated power of the corresponding R (SOC, P), in the same manner, by
- the parameter obtaining module obtains the current electrolyte temperature of the flow battery, and then the actual capacity determining module combines the current electrolyte temperature of the flow battery, the current discharge power of the flow battery and the rated power, and combines different pre-stored different electrolyte temperatures, and The ratio of the actual discharge capacity to the rated discharge capacity corresponding to the ratio of the different discharge power to the rated power R (T, P) , and the current electrolyte temperature of the flow battery, and the current discharge power and rating of the flow battery The ratio of the power
- the current electrolyte flow of the flow battery is obtained by the parameter learning module. Quantity, and then the actual capacity determination module according to the current electrolyte flow rate of the flow battery, the ratio of the current discharge power of the flow battery to the rated power, combined with the pre-stored different electrolyte flow rates, and the ratio of different discharge power to rated power The ratio R (F, P) of the actual discharge capacity to the rated discharge capacity, which gives the R (F, P) corresponding to the current electrolyte flow rate of the flow battery and the current discharge power to the rated power of the flow battery .
- C d C r ⁇ R ( SOC, P) ⁇ R (T, P) ⁇ R (F, P) to obtain the actual dischargeable flow battery capacity C d
- C r is the rated discharge capacity of the flow battery, usually referred to by the manufacturing trademark, specifically the capacity of the flow battery at least under standard conditions: such as SOC of 100%, electrolyte temperature of 40 ° C, electrolyte flow rate of maximum flow
- the module obtains the current charging power of the flow battery, and further obtains the ratio of the charging power of the flow battery to the rated power, and then the actual capacity determining module according to the current SOC state of the flow battery, the ratio of the current charging power of the flow battery to the rated power. Combining the different SOCs stored in advance and the ratios R' (SOC, P) of the actual chargeable capacity to the rated charge capacity corresponding to different ratios of charge power to rated power, the current SOC state of the flow battery is obtained.
- R' (SOC, P) corresponding to the ratio of the current charging power to the rated power of the flow battery, and similarly, the current electrolyte temperature of the flow battery is obtained by the parameter learning module, and then the actual capacity determining module is based on the current flow battery Electrolyte temperature, The ratio of the current charging power to the rated power of the flow battery, combined with the pre-stored different electrolyte temperatures, and the ratio of the actual chargeable capacity to the rated charge capacity corresponding to the ratio of the different charging power to the rated power R' (T, P) , obtaining R' (T, P) corresponding to the current electrolyte temperature of the flow battery and the ratio of the current charging power to the rated power of the flow battery, and similarly, obtaining the current flow battery by the parameter learning module
- the actual capacity determination module C c C 'r ⁇ R ' (SOC, P) ⁇ R '(T, P) ⁇ R' (F, P) obtained in accordance with the electrical flow
- the actual charge capacity C c wherein, C 'r is the rated charge capacity of the flow cell, commonly referred to by the manufacturer trademark, in particular, under standard conditions the flow battery may be charged in the maximum capacity:
- the SOC is 0%
- the electrolyte The temperature is 40 ° C
- the flow rate of the flow battery is charged at the rated power when the flow rate of the electrolyte is the maximum flow rate.
- the ratios R of the actual dischargeable capacity and the rated discharge capacity when the flow battery in advance is operated under the conditions of different SOCs, different discharge powers, and rated powers ( SOC, P) is obtained by the following process: discharging the liquid battery under different SOCs with different constant powers, the value of different SOC ranges from 0% to 100%, and can be every certain SOC interval (for example, 1% ⁇ 5%)
- the discharge operation of the flow battery can also be performed at each point SOC of the above-mentioned range of values, using different discharge powers (for example, 0.1P r , 0.2P r ...
- P r is the rated power of the flow battery, corresponding to different discharge powers 0.1P r , 0.2P r ... P r , corresponding to the ratio of different discharge power to rated power 0.1, 0.2, ...
- the software draws a surface relationship diagram of R (SOC, P) with SOC in the range of 0 to 100% and discharge power between 0 and P r , and any SOC and discharge power, as shown in Figure 9.
- SOC flow battery system set in the range of 0 to 100%, the discharge power is between 0 ⁇ P r, R at any SOC and a discharge power (SOC, P) curved exemplary relationship diagram, corresponding to FIG.
- the ratio of the actual discharge capacity to the rated discharge capacity when the liquid battery in advance is operated under the conditions of different electrolyte temperatures, different discharge powers, and rated powers R (T, P) is obtained by the following process: discharging the battery at different electrolyte temperatures at different constant powers.
- the temperature of different electrolytes ranges from 0 °C to 50 °C, and can be electrolyzed at regular intervals.
- the liquid battery discharge operation is performed in the liquid temperature range (for example, 2 ° C), and the discharge operation of the flow battery can also be performed at the electrolyte temperature at each point of the above-mentioned range of values, using different discharge powers (for example, 0.1 P r , 0.2 P r ) ... P r ), where P r is the rated power of the flow battery, corresponding to different discharge powers 0.1P r , 0.2P r ... P r , corresponding to the ratio of different discharge power to rated power 0.1, 0.2,...
- R (T, P) (35355900 -3260090t-1041160000y+997749000y 2 -13511200ty)/(1+6355.3459t-1351.31452y-11521500t 2 +7291280y 2 -15034. 47789ty), where t is the electrolyte temperature, y is the ratio of the discharge power of the flow battery to the rated power. Different manufacturers and different specifications of the flow battery may correspond to the surface relationship of different shapes and expressions, but the acquisition process is the same. The above experimental process.
- the ratio of the actual discharge capacity to the rated discharge capacity when the flow battery in advance is operated under the conditions of different electrolyte flow rates, different discharge powers, and rated powers R (F, P) is obtained by discharging the liquid battery under different electrolyte flow rates at different constant powers, and the flow rate of different electrolytes is from 0% to 100% of the maximum electrolyte flow rate.
- the discharge operation of the flow battery may be performed every certain electrolyte flow rate interval (for example, 5%), or the discharge operation of the flow battery may be performed at each electrolyte flow rate of the above-mentioned range of values, using different discharge powers (for example, 0.1P) r , 0.2P r ...
- P r is the rated power of the flow battery, corresponding to different discharge powers 0.1P r , 0.2P r ... P r , corresponding to the ratio of different discharge power to rated power 0.1, 0.2, ......
- the electrolyte flow rate for a set of flow battery systems is 0. In the range of % ⁇ 100%, the discharge power is between 0 and Pr , and the relationship between the surface relationship of R (F, P) at any electrolyte flow rate and discharge power is as shown in the figure.
- R (F,P) (99.81343-57.90947f-34.2676y-17.13953y 2 +10.06235y 3 )/(1-0.50034f+0.0384 6f 2 +0.0677f 3 -0.58371y+0.14669 2 ), where f is the flow rate of the electrolyte, and y is the ratio of the discharge power of the flow battery to the rated power.
- Different manufacturers and different specifications of the flow battery may correspond to different shapes and expressions. An example of a surface relationship, but the acquisition process is the same as the experimental procedure above.
- the above experimental procedure can also be used to obtain SOC in the range of 0 to 100%, charging power between 0 and P r , R' (SOC, P) under any SOC and charging power.
- curved graph obtained electrolyte temperature in the range 0 ⁇ 50 °C, the charging power between 0 ⁇ P r, any one of R and electrolyte temperature at a charging power '(T, P) in diagram a curved surface , electrolyte flow obtained in the range of 0% to 100%, the charging power between 0 ⁇ P r, R at any electrolyte flow and a charging power '(F, P) curved relation example of FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a method of estimating an AC input/output characteristic of a flow battery according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing a connection between a flow battery and an AC side thereof according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the AC side input/output characteristic estimation method of the flow battery, the flow battery output end passes or fails
- the DC-DC transformer device is connected to one end of the energy storage inverter, and the other end of the energy storage inverter is connected to the AC bus with or without an AC transformer device, and the connection point between the energy storage inverter and the AC bus is connected.
- the contact point of the alternating voltage transformer device and the alternating current busbar is used as the flow side of the flow battery, and the estimating method comprises the following steps:
- the efficiency of the DC transformer device the AC/DC conversion efficiency of the energy storage inverter, the efficiency of the AC transformer device, the auxiliary energy consumption of the flow battery, and the determined actual capacity of the flow battery, the AC side of the flow battery is actually provided. Or the amount of electricity actually absorbed;
- E ACO is the amount actually supplied by the AC side when the flow battery is discharged
- E ACI is the amount actually absorbed by the AC side when the flow battery is charged
- C c is the actual rechargeable capacity of the flow battery
- C d is the actual discharge capacity of the flow battery
- TE 1 is the efficiency of the DC transformer
- TE 2 is the AC/DC conversion efficiency of the energy storage inverter
- TE 3 is the AC change.
- TE 3 is the efficiency of AC transformer equipment
- EC A is the auxiliary energy consumption of the flow battery
- P LF is the discharge power of the flow battery; when the actual power supplied by the AC side of the flow battery is P ACO or the actual absorption of the AC side of the flow battery
- the power P ACI is a predetermined amount preset according to the user's demand, the corresponding flow battery charging power P LC or the flow battery discharge power P LF can be obtained; further, the power of the AC side of the flow battery is determined.
- E ACO C d ⁇ (TE 1 ⁇ TE 2 ⁇ TE 3 )-EC A ⁇ TE 3 gives the actual amount of electricity supplied from the AC side when the flow battery is discharged, and then obtains the AC side SOC of the flow battery when the flow battery is discharged by E ACO /E R ; further, by judging the changed liquid Whether the time interval between the powers on the AC side of the flow battery is lower than a preset time interval to determine whether the power change on the AC side of the flow battery is frequent.
- Fig. 13 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a flow battery AC side input/output characteristic estimating system according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 14 is a view showing a flow battery according to a sixth embodiment and a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- the connection diagram of the side as shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, the AC side input and output characteristic estimation system of the flow battery, the output end of the flow battery is connected to one end of the energy storage inverter with or without a DC voltage transformer device, The other end of the energy storage inverter is connected to the AC bus with or without an AC transformer device, and the contact point of the energy storage inverter and the AC bus or the contact point of the AC transformer device and the AC bus is used as the flow battery.
- the estimation system includes:
- An estimation module connected to the actual capacity determining device of the flow battery; the estimating module is based on the efficiency of the DC transformer device, the AC/DC conversion efficiency of the energy storage inverter, the efficiency of the AC transformer device, and the auxiliary energy consumption of the flow battery And the determined actual capacity of the flow battery to obtain the amount of electricity actually supplied or actually absorbed by the AC side of the flow battery;
- the estimation module is obtained by charging 100%-E ACI /E' R when the flow battery is charged
- the SOC threshold may be 50%
- the preset time interval may be a value Seconds and below.
- Figure 14 shows a schematic diagram of the connection between the flow battery and the AC side of the flow battery.
- the output of the flow battery shown in Figure 14 is connected to one end of the energy storage inverter via a DC voltage transformer, and the energy storage inverter The other end is connected to the AC bus through the AC transformer device.
- the contact point of the AC transformer device and the AC bus is used as the AC side of the flow battery.
- the output of the flow battery can also be directly stored.
- the inverter can be connected at one end, that is, without passing through the DC transformer device, then the estimation module is based on the AC/DC conversion efficiency of the energy storage inverter, the efficiency of the AC transformer device, the auxiliary energy consumption of the flow battery, and the acquisition.
- E ACI C c /(TE 2 ⁇ TE 3 )+EC A /TE 3
- the actual absorbed power of the AC side of the flow battery is obtained, and accordingly, the charging power or flow of the flow battery is estimated.
- the estimation module is based on the efficiency of the DC transformer device and the energy storage inverter.
- E ACI C c /(TE 1 ⁇ TE 3 )+EC A /TE 3
- the actual absorbed energy on the AC side of the flow battery is obtained.
- the estimation module is based on the AC/DC conversion efficiency of the energy storage inverter, the auxiliary energy consumption of the flow battery, and the acquisition.
- the estimation module first calculates the electric quantity on the AC side of the flow battery, first according to the DC change
- the input voltage output voltage of the pressure device, the AC/DC conversion of the energy storage inverter, and the input voltage output voltage of the AC transformer device respectively yield the efficiency of the corresponding DC transformer device and the AC and DC of the energy storage inverter.
- E R C r ⁇ (TE 1 ⁇ TE 2 ⁇ TE 3 )-EC A ⁇ TE 3
- E' R C' r /(TE 1 ⁇ TE 2 ⁇ TE 3 )+EC A /TE 3
- C r is the rated discharge capacity of the flow battery, usually referred to by the manufacturing trademark, specifically the capacity of the flow battery to be discharged at least under standard conditions: such as SOC 100 %, the electrolyte temperature is 40 ° C, and the electrolyte flow rate is the maximum flow rate.
- the capacity of the pool discharged at rated power, C' r is the rated charging capacity of the flow battery, usually referred to by the manufacturing trademark, specifically the maximum capacity that the flow battery can be charged under standard conditions: such as SOC of 0%, electrolyte
- SOC sulfur dioxide
- electrolyte The temperature is 40 ° C, and the flow rate of the flow battery is charged at the rated power when the flow rate of the electrolyte is the maximum flow rate.
- the auxiliary energy consumption of the flow battery refers to the power consumption of auxiliary equipment such as a magnetic pump, a heat exchange system, a ventilation system, a battery management system, and a sensor, and the auxiliary power consumption can be passed.
- a meter for adding power and power metering functions is added to the AC bus of the auxiliary device, and the measured power consumption is statistically calculated to obtain a corresponding auxiliary power consumption, and corresponding assistance can be obtained according to a specific auxiliary equipment time work plan.
- Power consumption such as the ventilation system's time work plan, is enabled from PM2:00 to PM3:00, so that the auxiliary energy consumption during this time can be counted.
- the auxiliary power consumption can also be estimated according to the DC side state of the flow battery, for example, 30% AC power discharge. Since the DC side power is greater than the AC side power during the discharge process, the corresponding DC side power is approximately 40%, and the flow battery is The current DC SOC is about 50%. According to the DC characteristics, 40% DC power discharge can reduce the DC side SOC 50% to 30%. In this process, the magnetic pump consumption is usually 10kWh, in the 50% ⁇ 40% DC SOC interval. The magnetic pump power is 2kW, and the power of the magnetic pump is 5kW in the 40% ⁇ 30% SOC range.
- 16 is a diagram showing an example of a relationship between an AC-DC conversion efficiency of an energy storage inverter and an output-to-input power ratio of an energy storage inverter, wherein the energy storage inverter outputs an input power ratio Specifically, it refers to the ratio of the power of the DC side of the energy storage inverter to the power of the AC side of the energy storage inverter.
- the output power of the energy storage inverter is higher than that of the energy storage inverter.
- the ratio of the power on the AC side to the power on the DC side of the energy storage inverter is higher than that of the energy storage inverter.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (42)
- 一种液流电池***荷电状态监测方法,所述液流电池***包括电堆、正极电解液储罐、负极电解液储罐和电解液循环管路,其特征在于所述监测方法包括如下步骤:步骤1:确定至少两对不同监测位置的SOC;任一对监测位置为:正极电解液储罐内和负极电解液储罐内、电堆的正极电解液出口管路中和电堆的负极电解液出口管路中、或者电堆的正极电解液入口管路中和电堆的负极电解液入口管路中;步骤2:根据各对监测位置分别对应的SOC,得出液流电池***荷电状态SOC总。
- 根据权利要求1所述的液流电池***荷电状态监测方法,其特征在于当监测位置对为3时,所述步骤2具体为:利用公式SOC总=A×SOCa+B×SOCb+C×SOCc得出液流电池***荷电状态SOC总,其中A、B、C为系数、A+B+C=1,SOCa为对应监测位置正极电解液储罐内和负极电解液储罐内的SOC、SOCb为对应监测位置电堆的正极电解液出口管路中和电堆的负极电解液出口管路中的SOC、SOCc为对应监测位置电堆的正极电解液入口管路中和电堆的负极电解液入口管路中的SOC。
- 根据权利要求1所述的液流电池***荷电状态监测方法,其特征在于当监测位置对为2时,所述步骤2具体为:利用公式SOC总=A×SOCa+B×SOCb、SOC总=A×SOCa+C×SOCc、或者SOC总=B×SOCb+C×SOCc得出液流电池***荷电状态SOC总,其中A、B、C为系数、每一公式中的各系数之和等于1,SOCa为对应监测位置正极电解液储罐内和负极电解液储罐内的SOC、SOCb为对应监测位置电堆的正极电解液出口管路中和电堆的负极电解液出口管路中的SOC、SOCc为对应监测位置电堆的正极电解液入口管路中和电堆的负极电解液入口管路中的SOC。
- 根据权利要求2或3所述的液流电池***荷电状态监测方法,其特征在于在步骤2之前还具有如下步骤:根据液流电池***的功率和容量的比值结果来配置系数A、B、C。
- 根据权利要求4所述的一种液流电池***荷电状态监测方法,其特征在于当监测位置对为3时,所述根据液流电池***的功率和容量的比值结果来配置系数A、B、C的步骤具体为:①判断液流电池***的功率和容量的比值是否大于等于第一预设值,是则执行步骤②,否则执行步骤③;②配置0.1≤A≤0.3、0.5≤B≤0.8、0.1≤C≤0.3,执行步骤2;③判断液流电池***的功率和容量的比值是否小于第二预设值,是则执行步骤④,否则执行步骤⑤;④配置0.1≤A≤0.3、0.1≤B≤0.3、0.5≤C≤0.8,执行步骤2;⑤通过SOC均=(SOCa+SOCb+SOCc)/3得出各对监测位置的SOC平均值SOC均,执行步骤⑥;⑥当0<SOC均≤20%,配置0.1≤A≤0.33、0.33≤B≤0.6、以及0.1≤C≤0.33,执行步骤2;当20%<SOC均≤80%,配置A=B=C,执行步骤2;当80%<SOC均<100%,配置0.1≤A≤0.33、0.1≤B≤0.33、以及0.33≤C≤0.6,执行步骤2。
- 根据权利要求4所述的液流电池***荷电状态监测方法,其特征在于当监测位置对为2时,所述根据液流电池***的功率和容量的比值结果来配置系数A、B、C的步骤具体为:ⅰ、判断液流电池***的功率和容量的比值是否大于等于第一预设值,是则执行步骤ⅱ,否则执行步骤ⅲ;ⅱ、对于公式SOC总=A×SOCa+B×SOCb,配置0.1≤A≤0.3、0.7≤B≤0.9,执行步骤2;对于公式SOC总=A×SOCa+C×SOCc,配置0.4≤A≤0.5、0.5≤C≤0.6,执行步骤2;对于公式SOC总=B×SOCb+C×SOCc,配置0.7≤B≤0.9、0.1≤C≤0.3,执行步骤2;ⅲ、判断液流电池***的功率和容量的比值是否小于第二预设值,是则执行步骤ⅳ,否则执行步骤ⅴ;ⅳ、对于公式SOC总=A×SOCa+B×SOCb,配置0.4≤A≤0.5、0.5≤B≤0.6,执行步骤2;对于公式SOC总=A×SOCa+C×SOCc,配置0.1≤A≤0.3、0.7≤C≤0.9,执行步骤2;对于公式SOC总=B×SOCb+C×SOCc,配置0.1≤B≤0.3、0.7≤C≤0.9,执行步骤2;ⅴ、通过SOC平=(SOCa+SOCb)/2、SOC平=(SOCa+SOCc)/2或SOC平=(SOCb+SOCc)/2得出任意2对监测位置的SOC平均值SOC平,执行步骤ⅵ;ⅵ、当0<SOC平≤20%时:对于公式SOC总=A×SOCa+B×SOCb,配置0.2≤A≤0.5、0.5≤B≤0.8,执行步骤2;对于公式SOC总=A×SOCa+C×SOCc,配置0.4≤A≤0.5、0.5≤C≤0.6,执行步骤2;对于公式SOC总=B×SOCb+C×SOCc,配置0.5≤B≤0.8、0.2≤C≤0.5,执行步骤2;当20%<SOC平≤80%时,配置A=B=C;当80%<SOC平<100%时:对于公式SOC总=A×SOCa+B×SOCb,配置0.4≤A≤0.5、0.5≤B≤0.6,执行步骤2;对于公式SOC总=A×SOCa+C×SOCc,配置0.2≤A≤0.5、0.5≤C≤0.8,执行步骤2;对于公式SOC总=B×SOCb+C×SOCc,配置0.2≤B≤0.5、0.5≤C≤0.8,执行步骤2。
- 一种液流电池***荷电状态监测***,所述液流电池***包括电堆、正极电解液储罐、负极电解液储罐和电解液循环管路,其特征在于所述监测***包括:确定至少两对不同监测位置的SOC的监测装置;任一对监测位置为:正极电解液储罐内和负极电解液储罐内、电堆的正极电解液出口管路上和电堆的负极电解液出口管路上、或者电堆的正极电解液入口管路上和电堆的负极电解液入口管路上。
- 根据权利要求7所述的液流电池***荷电状态监测***,其特征在于所述监测***还包括连接监测装置,用于根据各对监测位置分别对应的SOC,得出液流电池***荷电状态SOC总的SOC获取模块。
- 根据权利要求8所述的液流电池***荷电状态监测***,其特征在于当监测位置对为3时,所述SOC获取模块利用公式SOC总=A×SOCa+B×SOCb+C×SOCc得出液流电池***荷电状态SOC总,其中A、B、C为系数、A+B+C=1,SOCa为对应监测位置正极电解液储罐内和负极电解液储罐内的SOC、SOCb为对应监测位置电堆的正极电解液出口管路中和电堆的负极电解液出口管路中的SOC、SOCc为对应监测位置电堆的正极电解液入口管路中和电堆的负极电解液入口管路中的SOC。
- 根据权利要求8所述的液流电池***荷电状态监测***,其特征在于当监测位置对为2时,所述SOC获取模块利用公式SOC总=A×SOCa+B×SOCb、SOC总=A×SOCa+C×SOCc、或者SOC总=B×SOCb+C×SOCc得出液流电池***荷电状态SOC总,其中A、B、C为系数、每一公式中的各系数之和等于1,SOCa为对应监测位置正极电解液储罐内和负极电解液储罐内的SOC、SOCb为对应监测位置电堆的正极电解液出口管路中和电堆的负极电解液出口管路中的SOC、SOCc为对应监测位置电堆的正极电解液入口管路中和电堆的负极电解液入口管路中的SOC。
- 一种基于SOC检测装置冗余设计的液流电池,其特征在于在同一监测位置至少设置两对SOC检测装置;所述监测位置是指正极电解液储罐内和负极电解液储罐内、电堆的正极电解液出口管路和负极电解液出口管路上、电堆的正极电解液入口管路和负极电解液入口管路上的任意一对位置。
- 根据权利要求11所述的基于SOC检测装置冗余设计的液流电池,其特征在于所述SOC检测装置的连接方式为串联或者并联。
- 根据权利要求11所述的基于SOC检测装置冗余设计的液流电池,其特征在于所述液流电池还包括电池管理***,所述电池管理***包括:SOC计算模块:根据处于运行状态的SOC检测装置检测的信号计算获得各SOC检测装置对应的SOC值;SOC故障判断模块:对所计算的各SOC值进行比较,确定处于故障状态的SOC检测装置;SOC故障消除模块:执行关闭所述处于故障状态的SOC检测装置两端阀门的操作。
- 根据权利要求13所述的基于SOC检测装置冗余设计的液流电池,其特征在于所述SOC故障判断模块通过预设的故障判断程序确定处于故障状态的SOC检测装置,所述的故障判断程序包括:当处于运行状态的SOC检测装置对数大于2时,所述SOC故障判断模块的工作方式如下:分别对计算获得的各SOC值与其他SOC值进行做差比较,若当前SOC值与其他SOC值之间的差值均大于所设定的故障阈值Y1,则判定当前的SOC值对应的SOC检测装置状态 为故障,启动SOC故障消除模块;当处于运行状态的SOC检测装置对数等于2时,所述SOC故障判断模块的工作方式如下:分别判定两对SOC检测装置的开路电压是否在所设定的故障阈值范围Y2内,若当前SOC检测装置的电压未在故障阈值范围Y2内,则判定当前的SOC检测装置状态为故障,启动SOC故障消除模块。
- 根据权利要求13所述的基于SOC检测装置冗余设计的液流电池,其特征在于在所述SOC故障消除模块启动后,所述SOC计算模块重新进行SOC计算,SOC故障判断模块继续对所计算的各SOC值进行比较,重新确定处于故障状态的SOC检测装置。
- 根据权利要求13所述的基于SOC检测装置冗余设计的液流电池,其特征在于:所述液流电池在同一监测位置至少设置N对互为冗余的SOC检测装置,其中,N-M对SOC检测装置处于运行状态,M对SOC检测装置处于备用状态,2≤N-M<N,N≥3。
- 根据权利要求16所述的基于SOC检测装置冗余设计的液流电池,其特征在于:所述电池管理***还包括状态切换模块;所述状态切换模块控制备用SOC检测装置实现备用状态与运行状态之间的切换。
- 根据权利要求17所述的基于SOC检测装置冗余设计的液流电池,其特征在于:所述电池管理***的状态切换模块在SOC故障消除模块执行关闭故障SOC检测装置两端阀门的操作后,自动控制备用SOC检测装置两端的阀门开启,将备用SOC检测装置由备用状态切换为运行状态。
- 一种液流电池实际容量确定方法,所述确定方法包括如下步骤:步骤一:通过权利要求1至3任一项所述液流电池***荷电状态监测方法得出液流电池***荷电状态SOC总并作为液流电池SOC;步骤二:获知液流电池当前运行状态参数;步骤三:根据得出的液流电池SOC、所获知的液流电池当前运行状态参数,结合液流电池实际容量与液流电池SOC、液流电池运行状态参数之间的对应关系确定液流电池实际容量。
- 根据权利要求19所述的液流电池实际容量确定方法,其特征在于所述液流电池实际容量具体包括液流电池实际可放电容量;所述液流电池运行状态参数至少包括:放电功率与额定功率的比值、电解液温度和电解液流量;所述液流电池实际可放电容量与液流电池SOC、液流电池运行状态参数之间的对应关系为Cd=Cr×R(SOC,P)×R(T,P)×R(F,P);其中,Cd为液流电池实际可放电容量;Cr为液流电池额定放电容量;R(SOC,P)为在不同液流电池SOC、以及不同的液流电池放电功率与液流电池额定功率的比值的条件下,液流电池实际可放电容量与液流电池额定放电容量的比值;R(T,P)为在不同电解液温度、以及不同的液流电池放电功率与液流电池额定功率的比值的条件下,液流电池实际可放电容量与液流电池额定放电容量的比值;R(F,P)为在不同电解液流量、以及不同的液流电池放电功率与液流电池额定功率的比值的条件下,液流电池实际可放电容量与液流电池额定放电容量的比值。
- 根据权利要求20所述的液流电池实际容量确定方法,其特征在于所述液流电池实际 容量还包括液流电池实际可充电容量;所述液流电池运行状态参数还包括:充电功率与额定功率的比值;所述液流电池实际可充电容量与液流电池SOC、液流电池运行状态参数之间的对应关系为Cc=C′r×R′(SOC,P)×R′(T,P)×R′(F,P);其中,Cc为液流电池实际可充电容量;C′r为液流电池额定充电容量;R′(SOC,P)为在不同液流电池SOC、以及不同的液流电池充电功率与液流电池额定功率的比值的条件下,液流电池实际可充电容量与液流电池额定充电容量的比值;R′(T,P)为在不同电解液温度、以及不同的液流电池充电功率与液流电池额定功率的比值的条件下,液流电池实际可充电容量与液流电池额定充电容量的比值;R′(F,P)为在不同电解液流量、以及不同的液流电池充电功率与液流电池额定功率的比值的条件下,液流电池实际可充电容量与液流电池额定充电容量的比值。
- 根据权利要求21所述的液流电池实际容量确定方法,其特征在于所述液流电池运行状态参数还包括液流电池运行模式、环境温度、电解液压力、正负极储罐电解液液面差、电解液浓度中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求21所述的液流电池实际容量确定方法,其特征在于事先对液流电池在不同SOC、不同的放电功率与额定功率的比值的条件下运行时的实际可放电容量与额定放电容量的各比值进行预存,事先对液流电池在不同电解液温度、不同的放电功率与额定功率的比值的条件下运行时的实际可放电容量与额定放电容量的各比值进行预存,事先对液流电池在不同电解液流量、不同的放电功率与额定功率的比值的条件下运行时的实际可放电容量与额定放电容量的各比值进行预存,事先对液流电池在不同SOC、不同的充电功率与额定功率的比值的条件下运行时的实际可充电容量与额定充电容量的各比值进行预存,事先对液流电池在不同电解液温度、不同的充电功率与额定功率的比值的条件下运行时的实际可充电容量与额定充电容量的各比值进行预存,事先对液流电池在不同电解液流量、不同的充电功率与额定功率的比值的条件下运行时的实际可充电容量与额定充电容量的各比值进行预存。
- 根据权利要求21所述的液流电池实际容量确定方法,其特征在于所述步骤三具体为:根据得出的液流电池SOC,以及液流电池当前的放电功率与额定功率的比值、电解液温度和电解液流量,确定相对应的参数R(SOC,P)、R(T,P)和R(F,P),进而结合Cd=Cr×R(SOC,P)×R(T,P)×R(F,P)获得液流电池实际可放电容量Cd;根据得出的液流电池SOC,以及液流电池当前的充电功率与额定功率的比值、电解液温度和电解液流量,确定相对应的参数R′(SOC,P)、R′(T,P)和R′(F,P),进而结合Cc=C′r×R′(SOC,P)×R′(T,P)×R′(F,P)获得液流电池实际可充电容量Cc。
- 一种液流电池实际容量确定装置,其特征在于所述确定装置包括:权利要求8至10任一项所述的液流电池***荷电状态监测***;用于获知液流电池当前运行状态参数的参数获知模块;与液流电池***荷电状态监测***、参数获知模块相连接的实际容量确定模块;液流电池***荷电状态监测***所包括的SOC获取模块得出的液流电池***荷电状态SOC总作为液流电池SOC;所述实际容量确定模块用于根据得出的液流电池SOC、所获知的液流电池当前运行状态参数,结合液流电池实际容量与液流电池SOC、液流电池运行状态参数之间的对 应关系确定液流电池实际容量。
- 根据权利要求25所述的液流电池实际容量确定装置,其特征在于所述液流电池实际容量具体包括液流电池实际可放电容量;所述液流电池运行状态参数至少包括:放电功率与额定功率的比值、电解液温度和电解液流量;所述液流电池实际可放电容量与液流电池SOC、液流电池运行状态参数之间的对应关系为Cd=Cr×R(SOC,P)×R(T,P)×R(F,P);其中,Cd为液流电池实际可放电容量;Cr为液流电池额定放电容量;R(SOC,P)为在不同液流电池SOC、以及不同的液流电池放电功率与液流电池额定功率的比值的条件下,液流电池实际可放电容量与液流电池额定放电容量的比值;R(T,P)为在不同电解液温度、以及不同的液流电池放电功率与液流电池额定功率的比值的条件下,液流电池实际可放电容量与液流电池额定放电容量的比值;R(F,P)为在不同电解液流量、以及不同的液流电池放电功率与液流电池额定功率的比值的条件下,液流电池实际可放电容量与液流电池额定放电容量的比值。
- 根据权利要求26所述的液流电池实际容量确定方法,其特征在于所述液流电池实际容量还包括液流电池实际可充电容量;所述液流电池运行状态参数还包括:充电功率与额定功率的比值;所述液流电池实际可充电容量与液流电池SOC、液流电池运行状态参数之间的对应关系为Cc=C′r×R′(SOC,P)×R′(T,P)×R′(F,P);其中,Cc为液流电池实际可充电容量;C′r为液流电池额定充电容量;R′(SOC,P)为在不同液流电池SOC、以及不同的液流电池充电功率与液流电池额定功率的比值的条件下,液流电池实际可充电容量与液流电池额定充电容量的比值;R′(T,P)为在不同电解液温度、以及不同的液流电池充电功率与液流电池额定功率的比值的条件下,液流电池实际可充电容量与液流电池额定充电容量的比值;R′(F,P)为在不同电解液流量、以及不同的液流电池充电功率与液流电池额定功率的比值的条件下,液流电池实际可充电容量与液流电池额定充电容量的比值。
- 根据权利要求27所述的液流电池实际容量确定装置,其特征在于所述液流电池运行状态参数还包括液流电池运行模式、环境温度、电解液压力、正负极储罐电解液液面差、电解液浓度中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求27所述的液流电池实际容量确定装置,其特征在于所述确定装置还包括与实际容量确定模块相连接的存储模块;所述存储模块用于事先对液流电池在不同SOC、不同的放电功率与额定功率的比值的条件下运行时的实际可放电容量与额定放电容量的各比值进行预存,事先对液流电池在不同电解液温度、不同的放电功率与额定功率的比值的条件下运行时的实际可放电容量与额定放电容量的各比值进行预存,事先对液流电池在不同电解液流量、不同的放电功率与额定功率的比值的条件下运行时的实际可放电容量与额定放电容量的各比值进行预存,事先对液流电池在不同SOC、不同的充电功率与额定功率的比值的条件下运行时的实际可充电容量与额定充电容量的各比值进行预存,事先对液流电池在不同电解液温度、不同的充电功率与额定功率的比值的条件下运行时的实际可充电容量与额定充电容量的各比值进行预存,事先对液流电池在不同电解液流量、不同的充电功率与额定功率的比值的条件下运行时的实际可充电容量与额定充电容量的各比值进行预存。
- 根据权利要求27所述的液流电池实际容量确定装置,其特征在于所述实际容量确定 模块根据得出的液流电池SOC,以及液流电池当前的放电功率与额定功率的比值、电解液温度和电解液流量,确定相对应的参数R(SOC,P)、R(T,P)和R(F,P),进而结合Cd=Cr×R(SOC,P)×R(T,P)×R(F,P)获得液流电池实际可放电容量Cd;所述实际容量确定模块根据得出的液流电池SOC,以及液流电池当前的充电功率与额定功率的比值、电解液温度和电解液流量,确定相对应的参数R′(SOC,P)、R′(T,P)和R′(F,P),进而结合Cc=C′r×R′(SOC,P)×R′(T,P)×R′(F,P)获得液流电池实际可充电容量Cc。
- 一种液流电池交流侧输入输出特性估算方法,所述液流电池输出端经过或不经过直流变压设备与储能逆变器一端相连接,所述储能逆变器另一端经过或不经过交流变压设备与交流母线相连接,将储能逆变器与交流母线的相接点或交流变压设备与交流母线的相接点作为液流电池交流侧,其特征在于所述估算方法包括如下步骤:通过权利要求19所述的液流电池实际容量确定方法来确定液流电池的实际容量;根据直流变压设备的效率、储能逆变器的交直流转换效率、交流变压设备的效率、液流电池辅助能耗、以及所确定的液流电池实际容量获得液流电池交流侧实际提供或实际吸收的电量。
- 根据权利要求31所述的液流电池交流侧输入输出特性估算方法,其特征在于液流电池交流侧实际吸收的电量EACI=Cc/(TE1×TE2×TE3)+ECA/TE3,液流电池交流侧实际提供的电量EACO=Cd×(TE1×TE2×TE3)-ECA×TE3,其中,EACO为液流电池放电时交流侧实际提供的电量、EACI为液流电池充电时交流侧实际吸收的电量、Cc为液流电池实际可充电容量、Cd为液流电池实际可放电容量、TE1为直流变压设备的效率、TE2为储能逆变器的交直流转换效率、TE3为交流变压设备的效率、ECA为液流电池辅助能耗。
- 根据权利要求32所述的液流电池交流侧输入输出特性估算方法,其特征在于所述估算方法还包括如下步骤:通过100%-EACI/E′R得出在液流电池充电时的液流电池交流侧SOC;通过EACO/ER得出在液流电池放电时的液流电池交流侧SOC;其中,E′R为液流电池交流侧的额定吸收电量、ER为液流电池交流侧的额定放出电量。
- 根据权利要求32所述的液流电池交流侧输入输出特性估算方法,其特征在于液流电池交流侧实际提供的功率PACO=PLF×(TE1×TE2×TE3)-ECA×TE3,液流电池交流侧实际吸收的功率PACI=PLC/(TE1×TE2×TE3)+ECA/TE3,其中,PACO为液流电池交流侧实际提供的功率、PACI为液流电池交流侧实际吸收的功率、PLC为液流电池充电功率、TE1为直流变压设备的效率、TE2为储能逆变器的交直流转换效率、TE3为交流变压设备的效率、ECA为液流电池辅助能耗、PLF为液流电池放电功率;当液流电池交流侧实际提供的功率PACO或液流电池交流侧实际吸收的功率PACI为根据用户需求预置的已知量时,进而能够得出相对应的液流电池充电功率PLC或液流电池放电功率PLF。
- 根据权利要求33所述的液流电池交流侧输入输出特性估算方法,其特征在于判断液流电池交流侧的功率变化是否频繁,当液流电池交流侧的功率变化频繁时,若液流电池SOC大于等于SOC阈值,则首先根据EACI=Cc/(TE1×TE2×TE3)+ECA/TE3得出液流电池充电时交 流侧实际吸收的电量,然后通过100%-EACI/E′R得出在液流电池充电时的液流电池交流侧SOC,若液流电池SOC小于SOC阈值,则首先根据EACO=Cd×(TE1×TE2×TE3)-ECA×TE3得出液流电池放电时交流侧实际提供的电量,然后通过EACO/ER得出在液流电池放电时的液流电池交流侧SOC。
- 根据权利要求35所述的液流电池交流侧输入输出特性估算方法,其特征在于通过判断发生变化的液流电池交流侧的功率之间的时间间隔是否低于预设时间间隔,来确定液流电池交流侧的功率变化是否频繁。
- 一种液流电池交流侧输入输出特性估算***,所述液流电池输出端经过或不经过直流变压设备与储能逆变器一端相连接,所述储能逆变器另一端经过或不经过交流变压设备与交流母线相连接,将储能逆变器与交流母线的相接点或交流变压设备与交流母线的相接点作为液流电池交流侧,其特征在于所述估算***包括:权利要求25所述的液流电池实际容量确定装置;与液流电池实际容量确定装置相连接的估算模块;所述估算模块根据直流变压设备的效率、储能逆变器的交直流转换效率、交流变压设备的效率、液流电池辅助能耗、以及所确定的液流电池实际容量获得液流电池交流侧实际提供或实际吸收的电量。
- 根据权利要求37所述的液流电池交流侧输入输出特性估算***,其特征在于所述估算模块根据EACO=Cd×(TE1×TE2×TE3)-ECA×TE3得出液流电池交流侧实际提供的电量,根据EACI=Cc/(TE1×TE2×TE3)+ECA/TE3得出液流电池交流侧实际吸收的电量,其中,EACO为液流电池放电时交流侧实际提供的电量、EACI为液流电池充电时交流侧实际吸收的电量、Cc为液流电池实际可充电容量、Cd为液流电池实际可放电容量、TE1为直流变压设备的效率、TE2为储能逆变器的交直流转换效率、TE3为交流变压设备的效率、ECA为液流电池辅助能耗。
- 根据权利要求38所述的液流电池交流侧输入输出特性估算***,其特征在于所述估算模块通过100%-EACI/E′R得出在液流电池充电时的液流电池交流侧SOC;通过EACO/ER得出在液流电池放电时的液流电池交流侧SOC;其中,E′R为液流电池交流侧的额定吸收电量、ER为液流电池交流侧的额定放出电量。
- 根据权利要求38所述的液流电池交流侧输入输出特性估算***,其特征在于液流电池交流侧实际提供的功率PACO=PLF×(TE1×TE2×TE3)-ECA×TE3,液流电池交流侧实际吸收的功率PACI=PLC/(TE1×TE2×TE3)+ECA/TE3,其中,PACO为液流电池交流侧实际提供的功率、PACI为液流电池交流侧实际吸收的功率、PLC为液流电池充电功率、TE1为直流变压设备的效率、TE2为储能逆变器的交直流转换效率、TE3为交流变压设备的效率、ECA为液流电池辅助能耗、PLF为液流电池放电功率;当液流电池交流侧实际提供的功率PACO或液流电池交流侧实际吸收的功率PACI为根据用户需求预置的已知量时,进而能够得出相对应的液流电池充电功率PLC或液流电池放电功率PLF。
- 根据权利要求38所述的液流电池交流侧输入输出特性估算***,其特征在于所述估算***还包括用于判断液流电池交流侧的功率变化是否频繁的功率变化判断模块和用于对液流电池SOC与SOC阈值进行比较的比较模块;当液流电池交流侧的功率变化频繁时,若液 流电池SOC大于等于SOC阈值,则首先根据EACI=Cc/(TE1×TE2×TE3)+ECA/TE3得出液流电池充电时交流侧实际吸收的电量,然后通过100%-EACI/E′R得出在液流电池充电时的液流电池交流侧SOC,若液流电池SOC小于SOC阈值,则首先根据EACO=Cd×(TE1×TE2×TE3)-ECA×TE3得出液流电池放电时交流侧实际提供的电量,然后通过EACO/ER得出在液流电池放电时的液流电池交流侧SOC。
- 根据权利要求41所述的液流电池交流侧输入输出特性估算方法,其特征在于所述功率变化判断模块通过判断发生变化的液流电池交流侧的功率之间的时间间隔是否低于预设时间间隔,来确定液流电池交流侧的功率变化是否频繁。
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CN110488841B (zh) * | 2019-09-03 | 2022-11-01 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | 基于智能机器人的变电设备联合巡检***及其应用方法 |
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EP3214455A4 (en) | 2018-10-31 |
EP3627168A1 (en) | 2020-03-25 |
EP3627168B1 (en) | 2022-10-19 |
JP6491347B2 (ja) | 2019-03-27 |
EP3214455A1 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
AU2015342321A1 (en) | 2017-07-13 |
US10629932B2 (en) | 2020-04-21 |
AU2015342321B2 (en) | 2019-09-12 |
EP3246720B1 (en) | 2019-09-18 |
US20170237091A1 (en) | 2017-08-17 |
JP2018503099A (ja) | 2018-02-01 |
US10424797B2 (en) | 2019-09-24 |
US20190305345A1 (en) | 2019-10-03 |
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EP3246720A1 (en) | 2017-11-22 |
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