WO2016051773A1 - Procédé de chargement d'une matière première dans un haut fourneau - Google Patents

Procédé de chargement d'une matière première dans un haut fourneau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016051773A1
WO2016051773A1 PCT/JP2015/004943 JP2015004943W WO2016051773A1 WO 2016051773 A1 WO2016051773 A1 WO 2016051773A1 JP 2015004943 W JP2015004943 W JP 2015004943W WO 2016051773 A1 WO2016051773 A1 WO 2016051773A1
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Prior art keywords
blast furnace
coke
raw material
outer peripheral
charging
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PCT/JP2015/004943
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
寿幸 廣澤
渡壁　史朗
和平 市川
佐藤　道貴
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Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
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Priority to JP2016551538A priority Critical patent/JP6458807B2/ja
Publication of WO2016051773A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016051773A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a raw material charging method for a blast furnace in which the raw material is charged into the blast furnace with a turning chute.
  • a blast furnace is generally a facility for obtaining pig iron by flowing a gas from the tuyere after charging ore raw materials such as sintered ore, pellets and massive ore and coke in layers from the top of the furnace. It is. Coke and ore raw material, which are the charged raw materials, descend from the furnace top to the lower part of the furnace, and the reduction of the ore raw materials and the temperature rise of the charged raw materials occur. The ore raw material layer is gradually deformed while filling the voids due to the temperature rise and the load from above, and in the lower part of the shaft part of the blast furnace, the fusion layer has a very high ventilation resistance and hardly flows gas. It has become.
  • the raw material charging method into the blast furnace is that the ore raw material and the coke are alternately charged, and the ore raw material layer and the coke layer are alternately layered in the furnace.
  • a cohesive zone that is, an ore raw material layer having a high airflow resistance in which the ore raw material is softened and fused, and a coke slit having a relatively low airflow resistance derived from coke.
  • the air permeability of the cohesive zone greatly affects the air permeability of the entire blast furnace, thereby limiting the productivity in the blast furnace.
  • Patent Document 2 ore and coke are stored separately in different furnace top bunkers, and coke and ore are mixed and charged at the same time, so that a normal coke charging batch and a coke central charging batch are used. , And a method of forming a mixed charging batch and simultaneously performing three types of charging using the batch.
  • Patent Document 3 all ores and all cokes are used to prevent instability of the cohesive zone shape in blast furnace operation and decrease in gas utilization rate near the center of the furnace, and to improve safe operation and thermal efficiency.
  • a method is disclosed in which the components are completely mixed and then charged into the furnace.
  • JP-A-3-211210 JP 2004-107794 A Japanese Patent Publication No.59-10402
  • Patent Document 3 Although a blast furnace without a coke slit is described, a specific raw material charging method for the blast furnace is not mentioned.
  • An object of this invention is to provide the raw material charging method to the blast furnace which can reduce the ventilation resistance of a mixed layer effectively, without making a coke slit exist in a mixed layer.
  • the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows. 1.
  • Have The second step is performed such that the coke ratio in the outer peripheral mixed layer varies continuously or stepwise in the radial direction of the blast furnace, and the second step uses the mixed raw material in the outer peripheral region.
  • the inner peripheral end of the outer peripheral region is set to a position of 40% or less of the radius of the blast furnace from the axis, and the outer peripheral end of the outer peripheral region is set to a position of 80% or more of the radius of the blast furnace from the axis.
  • the central coke layer is formed at least in the central portion
  • the outer peripheral mixed layer is formed at least in the intermediate portion and the peripheral portion
  • the raw material charging start point of the outer peripheral mixed layer is the central coke layer adjacent portion, and the coke and the ore raw material and / or the mixed raw material are discharged from each furnace top bunker, mixed with the collecting hopper, and then the swivel chute 7.
  • the raw material charging method to the blast furnace according to any one of 1 to 6 above, wherein the coke ratio is changed by supplying to the blast furnace.
  • coke slits are not formed in the mixed layer, and the air flow in the blast furnace can be improved by coke dispersed in the cohesive zone.
  • the present invention uses a swirl chute into a blast furnace, ore raw materials generally used for blast furnace operations such as sintered ore, pellets, and massive ore, and coke, when charging coke into the blast furnace. This is a raw material charging method.
  • the blast furnace used in the present invention includes a bellless charging device 5 as shown in FIG.
  • the apparatus 5 includes a plurality of furnace top bunkers 2a to 2c arranged at the top of the blast furnace 1, and a collecting hopper arranged at the discharge port of each furnace top bunker to mix the raw materials discharged from the furnace top bunker 4 and a swivel chute 6 for receiving coke and mixed raw materials supplied from the collecting hopper and charging them into the blast furnace. Between the furnace top bunkers 2a to 2c and the collecting hopper 4, a flow rate adjusting gate 3 for adjusting the flow rate of the raw material from each furnace top bunker is disposed.
  • the bell-less type blast furnace is a general blast furnace for charging mixed raw materials or the like from the top of the furnace with a swirl chute 6 and flowing gas from the blast furnace tuyere to reduce iron ore to obtain pig iron. Good.
  • the inside of the blast furnace is centered in the radial direction of the blast furnace from the axial center toward the inner wall of the furnace, and an intermediate part located on the outer periphery of the center part. 14 and a peripheral portion 15 located on the outer periphery of the intermediate portion.
  • R the distance from the axis in the blast furnace to the inner wall of the furnace is defined as R, and R is defined as a dimensionless radius: 1. That is, in the present invention, the dimensionless radius in the blast furnace (or simply referred to as dimensionless radius) is a numerical value derived by the equation r0 / R, where r0 is the distance from the axis in the blast furnace.
  • the central portion 13 is a region having a dimensionless radius of 0 to 0.2 to 0.3
  • the intermediate portion is an outer periphery from the central portion and has a dimensionless radius of more than 0.2 to 0.4 to 0.
  • the area of 6 to 0.8 or less and the peripheral part is a dimensionless radius of more than 0.8 and 1 or less.
  • the present invention includes a first step of forming a central coke layer 11 by charging coke in a central region of a predetermined distance or less from an axial center in the blast furnace 1 toward the inner wall of the furnace, and a position on the outer periphery of the central coke layer. And a second step of forming an outer peripheral mixed layer 12 (hereinafter also simply referred to as “mixed layer 12”) by charging a mixed raw material of coke and ore raw material into the outer peripheral region. .
  • the plurality of furnace top bunkers 2a to 2c shown in FIG. 1 stores, for example, coke in the furnace top bunker 2a, ore raw material in the furnace top bunker 2b, and ore raw material and coke in the furnace top bunker 2c. And the mixed raw material is mixed.
  • the mixed layer 12 is formed, coke, ore raw material or mixed raw material is appropriately discharged from each furnace top bunker, mixed with a collecting hopper, and supplied to the swivel chute.
  • the coke and the ore raw material are discharged from the furnace top bunker (for example, the furnace top bunker 2a and the furnace top bunker 2b) to the collecting hopper.
  • the mixed layer 12 can be formed.
  • This first step is preferably controlled so that, for example, the turning chute 6 is controlled in a vertically tilted state at the start of charging of the coke, and thereafter a coke layer is gradually formed toward the outer peripheral side. Moreover, it is preferable to form the outer peripheral mixed layer around the central coke layer after the central coke layer is formed. This is because the central coke layer can be accurately formed by preventing the ore raw material of the mixed layer from mixing into the central coke layer. When the tip of the turning chute 6 is on the center portion 13, only the coke can be discharged from the furnace top bunker 2a, and the center coke layer 11 can be formed efficiently.
  • the central coke layer 11 preferably has a dimensionless radius in the blast furnace and is formed between 0 (center of the blast furnace) and about 0.2 to 0.3. That is, the outer periphery of the central coke layer 11 is a dimensionless radius in the blast furnace and is about 0.2 to 0.3.
  • the center coke layer adjacent portion 16 is a portion at a predetermined distance from the outer periphery of the center coke layer, and the dimensionless radius in the blast furnace: 0.3 to 0.4 from the outer periphery of the center coke layer. Say the part to the extent.
  • the outer peripheral mixed layer 12 is formed on the outer periphery of the central coke layer 11. For this reason, it is preferable to form the outer peripheral mixed layer 12 in the blast furnace in a dimensionless radius between 0.2 and 1 or less, that is, in the intermediate portion 14 and the peripheral portion 15.
  • the central coke layer 11 is formed in the central portion 13 of the blast furnace, and the air permeability of the central portion 13 can be secured by the central coke layer 11.
  • the mixed layer 12 which mixed the ore raw material and coke can be formed in the outer peripheral side of this center coke layer 11.
  • FIG. Therefore, coke slits are not formed in this mixed layer 12, and high-temperature gas can rise directly through the ore raw materials, improving air permeability and heat transfer in the blast furnace. can do.
  • the contact area between the ore raw material in the cohesive zone at the lower part of the cohesive zone and the high-temperature gas is expanded, and carburization of the ore raw material can be effectively promoted. .
  • the present invention refers to the coke ratio (coke mass / ore raw material mass) in the outer peripheral mixed layer 12 (hereinafter simply referred to as the coke ratio means the mass ratio of coke in the outer peripheral mixed layer).
  • the second step is performed continuously or stepwise with respect to the radial direction of the blast furnace.
  • the procedure for performing the second step so that the coke ratio of the mixed layer 12 varies continuously or stepwise in the radial direction of the blast furnace is specifically the amount of coke cut out from the furnace top bunker 2a in which coke is stored.
  • the coke ratio of the mixed raw material in the collecting hopper 4 is adjusted by changing the above, and this mixed raw material may be sequentially supplied to the position of a predetermined dimensionless radius in the blast furnace 6 by the turning chute 6.
  • the coke ratio is made constant with a dimensionless radius: 0.05 to 0.30, and this constant coke ratio is made stepwise different. Can do.
  • the distribution of the coke ratio in the blast furnace radial direction is that the ore raw material when the ore temperature is 1400 degrees so that the ventilation resistance in the blast furnace is about 20,000 (Pa / m 3 / min).
  • the blast furnace variation ⁇ of the shrinkage ratio (hereinafter referred to as ore 1400 degree shrinkage ratio) may be controlled to be less than 10%. ⁇ is more preferably 6% or less, and further preferably 2% or less. When ⁇ is 6%, the ventilation resistance in the blast furnace is about 19,700 (Pa / m 3 / min), and when ⁇ is 2%, the ventilation resistance in the blast furnace is 19,400 (Pa / m 3 / min). min).
  • the in-furnace variation ⁇ of the ore 1400 degrees contraction rate is determined according to a method of measuring pressure loss under conditions of temperature, gas composition and load simulating the inside of the blast furnace using a load softening test apparatus. ⁇ is obtained by subtracting the lowest value from the highest value of the 1400 degree contraction rate of the ore obtained in the central portion 13, the intermediate portion 14, and the peripheral portion 15, respectively.
  • the concentrations of carbon monoxide gas and carbon dioxide gas in the blast furnace are measured at a plurality of locations in the radial direction of the blast furnace.
  • the “gas utilization rate” at each location is defined as CO 2 / (CO 2 + CO) ⁇ 100. This value is an index indicating how much CO in the CO 2 + CO gas is used.
  • the gas utilization rate distribution can be obtained by plotting the measured values on the vertical axis and the blast furnace radial direction on the horizontal axis. Note that the CO 2 and CO concentration (volume%) used in such a formula are measured by using a device called a horizontal sonde that measures the operating gas distribution from the center to the periphery in the blast furnace.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a conventional gas utilization rate distribution.
  • the gas utilization rate seems to be larger in the middle part than in the central part and the peripheral part.
  • the reduction of the amount of ore present in the intermediate part has not completely progressed. Therefore, it is necessary to further increase the gas utilization rate.
  • FIG. 4 shows the ore reduction rate at the conventional blast furnace position in relation to the temperature of the raw material particles. As shown in FIG. 4, since the ore reduction rate does not increase in the intermediate part unless the temperature of the raw material particles is raised compared to the peripheral part, much of the ore present in the intermediate part is completely reduced. The tendency which is not done can be confirmed.
  • the second step can be performed by reverse tilt charging in which the mixed raw material is charged from the central region side of the outer peripheral region toward the furnace inner wall side. That is, the mixed raw material charging start point of the swirl chute is the central coke layer adjacent portion 16, and then the swirl chute 6 is sequentially moved to the furnace inner wall side while changing the coke ratio in the mixed raw material. Form.
  • the coke ratio A in the outer peripheral mixed layer of the central coke layer adjacent portion 16 and the coke ratio B in the outer peripheral mixed layer at the peripheral portion 15 are divided into the intermediate portion 14.
  • the coke ratio C is preferably in the range of 160 to 300 kg / t. Further, the coke ratios A and B are preferably smaller than the coke ratio C by about 7/10. More preferably, it is about 1/2.
  • the coke ratio A and the coke ratio B may be the same or either one may be large, but it is also preferable that the amount of B with respect to A is different by about 1.2 times.
  • the inner peripheral end of the outer peripheral region is a dimensionless radius of 0.4 or less (a position of 40% or less of the blast furnace radius), and the outer peripheral end of the outer peripheral region is a dimensionless radius of 0.8 or more (blast furnace) It is important to widen the charging range of the mixed layer as a position of 80% or more of the radius of the above. This is because, if the reverse tilt charging start position is set to the furnace center side from the inner peripheral end of the outer peripheral region, deterioration of the air permeability inside the blast furnace due to segregation of coke in the mixed layer can be prevented.
  • the starting position of reverse tilt charging is more preferably 0.25 or less in dimensionless radius. This is because the more stable deposition shape can be formed and the segregation of coke in the mixed layer can be prevented by charging from the furnace center side.
  • the starting position of reverse tilt charging is preferably about 0.2 in dimensionless radius so that the central coke layer functions effectively.
  • the end position of the reverse tilt charging is set to the furnace wall side from the outer peripheral edge of the outer peripheral region because coke in the mixed layer that easily flows to the axial center side can be deposited on the furnace wall side. This is because deterioration of the air permeability inside the blast furnace due to segregation of coke can be prevented.
  • the end position of reverse tilt charging may be a dimensionless radius of 1, but is preferably about 0.95 from the viewpoint of equipment efficiency. From the end of reverse tilt charging to the inner wall of the furnace, only the coke layer may be used, but the thickness of the coke layer, the ore layer, and the mixed layer was appropriately adjusted according to the particle size of the raw material if it is possible to ensure air permeability. Things can be used.
  • a central coke layer can be formed in the central area of the blast furnace, and the central coke layer can ensure air permeability in the central area. Therefore, in the present invention, even if the coke slit is not formed in the outer peripheral mixed layer, the high temperature gas can directly pass between the ore raw materials and rise, thereby improving air permeability and heat transfer. .
  • FIG. 2 shows the results of the following actual machine test. A coke layer was formed in the central region in the furnace, and then a mixed layer was formed in the outer peripheral region by reverse tilt charging. Various charging ranges were mixed and the mixing yield in each case was determined.
  • ⁇ r indicates a range in which the mixed raw material is charged, that is, a formation range of the outer peripheral mixed layer.
  • ⁇ r means r2-r1
  • the horizontal axis is (r2-r1 ) / R.
  • the mixed yield can be obtained by the following equation.
  • Mixing yield (%) (Average input amount- ⁇ mixing amount) / Average input amount x 100
  • the average charging amount represents the charging amount (% by mass) when charging with the charging chute
  • the ⁇ mixing amount represents a standard deviation within ⁇ r obtained from the mixing amount of coke at each point of the charging point.
  • the amount of coke charged for forming the central coke layer is preferably in the range of 5 to 25% by mass of the amount of coke charged per charge. This is because it is possible to prevent the coke in the mixed layer from flowing into the central region (referred to as the central flow).
  • the lower limit ratio of the amount of coke charged per charge is more preferably 15% by mass. This is because the central flow can be maintained and a stable mixed layer can be formed.
  • 1 charge in this invention means the action which performs the said 1st process and the said 2nd process once.
  • a coke dedicated chute (not shown) for charging coke into the central region of the blast furnace is provided outside the swivel region of the swivel chute 6 shown in FIG. 1, and the coke is centered from the dedicated coke chute.
  • the central coke layer can be formed in the central region.
  • Example 1 In this example, the blast furnace shown in FIG. 1 was used. Moreover, as a charging raw material used for the present Example, what was shown below was used. Coke ... Bulk density: 0.5 g / cm 3 Ore ... Bulk density: 2.0 g / cm 3
  • a coke layer was formed in the central part, and then an outer peripheral mixed layer was formed in the intermediate part and the peripheral part, which are outer peripheral regions according to the present invention, by reverse tilt charging.
  • the distribution of coke ratio in the outer peripheral mixed layer in the blast furnace radial direction was as follows.
  • Example 1-1 as shown in Table 1, the coke ratio was changed stepwise in the radial direction of the blast furnace.
  • Example 1-2 as shown in Table 1, the coke ratio was set according to the reduction rate distribution obtained from the gas utilization rate distribution.
  • the coke ratio was large in the middle portion and small in the central coke layer adjacent portion and the peripheral portion.
  • the coke ratio was constant in the dimensionless radial direction.
  • the gas utilization rate was determined by the method described above. CO 2 is the CO 2 concentration (volume%), and CO is the CO concentration (volume%). Further, the gas utilization rate distribution was determined by the relationship between CO 2 / (CO 2 + CO) ⁇ 100 and the dimensionless radius.
  • ⁇ is 5% or less.
  • Invention Example 1-2 had ⁇ of 0.3%.
  • ⁇ is indicated by (maximum-minimum) of the ore 1400 ° C. shrinkage rate.
  • ⁇ 4.0%
  • the ventilation resistance in the blast furnace is about 19550 (Pa / m 3 / min).
  • the ventilation resistance in the blast furnace is about 19273 (Pa / m 3 / min).
  • the ventilation resistance in the blast furnace is about 19618 (Pa / m 3 / min).
  • ⁇ 10.5%
  • the ventilation resistance in the blast furnace is about 20038 (Pa / m 3 / min).
  • the ventilation resistance in the blast furnace can be reduced by setting the position to a dimensionless radius of 0.4 or less and the end position of the reverse tilt charging to 0.8 or more.
  • the radial distribution of the coke ratio according to the reduction rate distribution obtained from the gas utilization rate distribution, increasing it in the middle part of the blast furnace, and decreasing it in the central coke layer adjacent part and the peripheral part of the blast furnace. It was proved that the ventilation resistance in the blast furnace can be reduced.
  • Example 2 In order to verify the effect of the present invention, the packed bed pressure loss was examined by simulating a blast furnace lump in the blast furnace using the experimental apparatus shown in FIG.
  • This experimental apparatus is a cylindrical stainless steel cylinder having a diameter of 10 cm as shown in FIG. 5 and can blow a predetermined amount of air (AIR) from the lower part.
  • AIR predetermined amount of air
  • the opening part for measuring the pressure inside a cylinder is provided in the upper end part and lower end part of the said cylinder, and it connects with the pressure gauge with the tube.
  • Inventive Example 2-1 is a raw material in a blast furnace in the case where the mixed coke charging start position is 0.2 in dimensionless radius and the mixed coke charging end position is 0.9 in dimensionless radius due to reverse tilting.
  • the range of the outer peripheral mixed layer was set to a range of a dimensionless radius of 0.2 to 0.9 in the cylinder, and was set in the outer peripheral region according to the present invention.
  • Inventive Examples 2-2 to 2-7 are designed to simulate the state in which the coke ratio is changed stepwise with respect to the radial direction of the blast furnace. I let you. Table 2 also shows the ratio of the amount of coke charged to form the central coke layer with the charge among the coke charged with one charge.
  • Comparative Example 2-1 has a mixed coke charging start position of 0.5
  • Comparative Example 2-2 has a mixed coke charging end position of 0.7. Was outside the outer peripheral region according to the present invention.
  • the air permeability index A (Pa / m 3 / min) is an index obtained by indexing the airflow resistance in the cylinder, and is calculated by the following equation.
  • A (BP-TP) / BGV
  • BP the blowing pressure [Pa].
  • TP the cylinder top pressure [Pa]
  • BGV Bosch gas amount [m 3 (standard state) / min]
  • the reducing index B is the gas utilization rate.
  • the gas utilization rate was determined by the same procedure as in Example 1.
  • the coke ratio in the mixed layer is changed stepwise with respect to the radial direction of the blast furnace, and the reverse tilt charging start position is set to a dimensionless radius of 0.4 or less, and the reverse tilt is performed. It was demonstrated that by setting the charging end position to 0.8 or more, a good reducibility index can be realized while reducing the ventilation resistance in the blast furnace. In addition, if the ratio of the amount of coke charged to form the central coke layer in the charge is 5 to 25% by mass of the coke charged in one charge, the ventilation resistance in the blast furnace is further reduced. It has been demonstrated that it can be done.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)

Abstract

　La présente invention concerne un procédé de chargement d'une matière première dans un haut fourneau, consistant à charger du coke et un minerai brut dans le haut fourneau à l'aide d'une goulotte en spirale. Ledit procédé est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une première étape consistant à charger le coke dans la région centrale du haut fourneau et à laquelle une couche de coke centrale est formée, et une seconde étape consistant à charger un mélange de matières premières constitué du coke et du minerai brut dans la zone périphérique externe située autour de la périphérie extérieure de la couche de coke centrale et à laquelle est formée une couche mixte de périphérie extérieure, la seconde étape étant effectuée de telle sorte que le rapport de coke dans la couche mixte de périphérie extérieure varie de manière continue ou par incréments dans la direction radiale du haut fourneau. Il est ainsi possible de réduire efficacement la résistance à la ventilation dans le haut fourneau sans la présence d'une persienne de coke.
PCT/JP2015/004943 2014-09-29 2015-09-29 Procédé de chargement d'une matière première dans un haut fourneau WO2016051773A1 (fr)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013172045A1 (fr) * 2012-05-18 2013-11-21 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Procédé de chargement d'une matière première dans un fourneau
JP2013241641A (ja) * 2012-05-18 2013-12-05 Jfe Steel Corp 高炉への原料装入方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013172045A1 (fr) * 2012-05-18 2013-11-21 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Procédé de chargement d'une matière première dans un fourneau
JP2013241641A (ja) * 2012-05-18 2013-12-05 Jfe Steel Corp 高炉への原料装入方法

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