WO2015194909A1 - 케이블형 이차전지 - Google Patents
케이블형 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015194909A1 WO2015194909A1 PCT/KR2015/006251 KR2015006251W WO2015194909A1 WO 2015194909 A1 WO2015194909 A1 WO 2015194909A1 KR 2015006251 W KR2015006251 W KR 2015006251W WO 2015194909 A1 WO2015194909 A1 WO 2015194909A1
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- layer
- secondary battery
- type secondary
- cable
- current collector
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
- H01M50/491—Porosity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/75—Wires, rods or strips
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cable-type secondary battery free of deformation, and more particularly, to a cable-type secondary battery which prevents wrinkles that may occur in the metal foil layer included in the packaging, thereby improving flexibility of the battery.
- a secondary battery is a device that converts external electrical energy into chemical energy, stores it, and generates electricity when needed.
- the term “rechargeable battery” is also used to mean that it can be charged multiple times.
- Commonly used secondary batteries include lead storage batteries, nickel cadmium batteries (NiCd), nickel hydrogen storage batteries (NiMH), lithium ion batteries (Li-ion), and lithium ion polymer batteries (Li-ion polymer). Secondary batteries offer both economic and environmental advantages over primary batteries that are used once and discarded.
- Secondary batteries are currently used where low power is used. Examples are devices, handhelds, tools, and uninterruptible power supplies that help start up the car. Recently, the development of wireless communication technology has led to the popularization of portable devices, and there is also a tendency to wirelessize many kinds of conventional devices, and the demand for secondary batteries is exploding. In addition, hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles have been put to practical use in terms of prevention of environmental pollution, and these next-generation vehicles employ technologies that use secondary batteries to reduce value, weight, and increase lifespan.
- secondary batteries are cylindrical, rectangular or pouch type batteries. This is because the secondary battery is manufactured by mounting an electrode assembly composed of a negative electrode, a positive electrode, and a separator inside a pouch-shaped case of a cylindrical or rectangular metal can or an aluminum laminate sheet, and injecting an electrolyte into the electrode assembly. Therefore, since a certain space for mounting the secondary battery is essentially required, the cylindrical, square or pouch type of the secondary battery has a problem in that it acts as a limitation for the development of various types of portable devices. Accordingly, there is a need for a new type of secondary battery that is easily deformed.
- a cable type secondary battery which is a battery having a very large ratio of length to cross sectional diameter.
- Packaging for protecting the cable-type secondary battery is required at the same time flexibility and moisture barrier properties.
- a tube packaging made of a general polymer material it is possible to penetrate water or air through the micropores of the polymer, and contaminate the electrolyte in the battery, thereby deteriorating battery performance.
- a packaging formed of a metal foil layer may be used.
- the surface of the metal foil layer may be bent or wrinkled, instead of being completely bent. This may cause problems such as tearing of the metal foil layer.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to form the outermost layer of the external electrode support layer and the polymer resin layer inside the packaging made of the same material, by attaching them to each other to prevent wrinkles of the metal foil layer included in the packaging, It is to provide a cable-type secondary battery that can improve the flexibility.
- the internal electrode A separation layer which prevents a short circuit of the electrode formed surrounding the outer surface of the inner electrode; A sheet-type external electrode formed around the outer surface of the separation layer and spirally wound, the external current collector, an external electrode active material layer formed on one surface of the external current collector, and a support layer formed on the other surface of the external current collector; And a packaging formed surrounding the outer surface of the external electrode, the metal foil layer, a first polymer resin layer formed on one surface of the metal foil layer, and a mechanical support layer formed on the other surface of the metal foil layer.
- the support layer of the, and the first polymer resin layer of the packaging is formed of the same material, provided with a cable-type secondary battery extending in the longitudinal direction attached to each other.
- the external electrode may have a strip structure extending in one direction.
- the external electrodes may be spirally wound so as not to overlap each other.
- the external electrodes may be spirally wound so as to be spaced apart from each other at intervals within two times the width of the external electrode. have.
- the external electrodes may be spirally wound to overlap each other, and the external electrodes may be spirally wound such that the widths of the overlapping portions are within 0.9 times the width of the external electrodes. have.
- the internal electrode may have a hollow structure in which a space is formed therein.
- an internal electrode current collector core part, a lithium ion supply core part including an electrolyte, or a charging core part may be formed in a space formed inside the internal electrode.
- the internal electrode current collector core portion carbon nanotubes, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon or copper; Stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, or silver; Aluminum-cadmium alloys; Non-conductive polymer surface-treated with a conductive material; Or a conductive polymer, wherein the lithium ion supply core portion may include a gel polymer electrolyte and a support, the lithium ion supply core portion may include a liquid electrolyte and a porous carrier, and the charging core portion may be a wire. It may include a polymer resin, a rubber, or an inorganic material having a fibrous, powdery, mesh, or foam shape.
- the support layer may be a polymer film, and may be formed of any one selected from the group consisting of polyolefin resins, polyester resins, polyimide resins, and polyamide resins, or a mixture of two or more thereof. .
- the packaging may further include a second polymer resin layer formed on an upper surface of the mechanical support layer.
- the metal foil layer is selected from the group consisting of iron (Fe), carbon (C), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), and equivalents thereof. It may be either one or an alloy of two or more thereof.
- the first polymer resin layer may include any one selected from the group consisting of polyolefin resins, polyester resins, polyimide resins, and polyamide resins, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- the first polymer resin layer may further include hydrophobic inorganic particles.
- the hydrophobic inorganic particles may be any one selected from the group consisting of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , MgO, BaTiO 3 , ZrO 2 and ZnO or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- the average particle diameter of the hydrophobic inorganic particles may be 1 nm to 5 ⁇ m.
- the mechanical support layer high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate (polyethyleneterephthalate), polybutylene terephthalate (polybutyleneterephthalate), polyester (polyester), polyacetal (polyacetal) ), Polyamide, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyetheretherketone, polyethersulfone, polyphenyleneoxide, polyphenylenesulfide And it may be formed of any one or a mixture of two or more selected from the group consisting of polyethylenenaphthalate (polyethylenenaphthalate).
- the external current collector may be a mesh current collector.
- the external current collector stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, copper; Stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, or silver; Aluminum-cadmium alloys; Non-conductive polymer surface-treated with a conductive material; Conductive polymers; A metal paste comprising a metal powder of Ni, Al, Au, Ag, Pd / Ag, Cr, Ta, Cu, Ba, or ITO (Indum Tin Oxide); Or a carbon paste including carbon powder which is graphite, carbon black, or carbon nanotubes.
- the lithium ion supply core portion containing an electrolyte;
- An internal electrode including at least one wire type current collector wound around an outer surface of the lithium ion supply core and an internal electrode active material layer formed on a surface of the wire type current collector;
- a separation layer which prevents a short circuit of the electrode formed surrounding the outer surface of the inner electrode;
- a conductive layer is formed around the outer surface of the separation layer and is wound, and formed on an outer current collector, an outer electrode active material layer formed on one surface of the outer current collector, and an upper surface of the outer electrode active material layer and including a conductive material and a binder.
- a sheet-type external electrode including a porous first support layer formed on an upper surface of the conductive layer and a second support layer formed on the other surface of the external current collector; And a packaging formed surrounding the outer surface of the external electrode, the metal foil layer, a first polymer resin layer formed on one surface of the metal foil layer, and a mechanical support layer formed on the other surface of the metal foil layer.
- the second support layer and the first polymer resin layer of the packaging is formed of the same material, but is provided with a cable-type secondary battery extending in the longitudinal direction attached to each other.
- the internal electrode, the internal electrode active material layer is formed on the entire surface of the wire-type internal current collector; Or a structure formed surrounding the outer surface of the wire-type internal current collector in which the internal electrode active material layer is wound.
- the wire-type internal current collector stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, copper; Stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, or silver; Aluminum-cadmium alloys; Non-conductive polymer surface-treated with a conductive material; Or it may be made of a conductive polymer.
- the conductive material may be one or a mixture of two or more selected from polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polysulfuritride, indium tin oxide (ITO), silver, palladium, and nickel.
- the conductive polymer may be a polymer that is one compound selected from polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, and polysulfuritride, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- the first support layer may be a mesh type porous membrane or a nonwoven fabric.
- the first support layer may include high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyester, polyacetal ( polyacetal, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyetheretherketone, polyethersulfone, polyphenyleneoxide, polyphenylenesulfide ) And polyethylenenaphthalate (polyethylenenaphthalate) may be formed of any one or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- the second support layer may be a polymer film, and may be formed of any one selected from the group consisting of polyolefin resins, polyester resins, polyimide resins, and polyamide resins, or a mixture of two or more thereof. Can be.
- the conductive layer, the conductive material and the binder may be formed by mixing in a weight ratio of 1:10 to 8:10.
- the pore size formed in the conductive layer may be 0.01 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, and the porosity may be 5 to 70%.
- the conductive material may include any one selected from the group consisting of carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- the binder may include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoro propylene, polyvinylidene fluoride trichloro Ethylene (polyvinylidene fluoride-co-trichloroethylene), polybutyl acrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylacetate ( polyvinylacetate, ethylene vinyl co-vinyl acetate, polyethylene oxide, polyarylate, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate Cellulose acetate propionate, cyanoethylpullu Cyanoethylpullulan, cyanoethylpolyvinylalcohol, cyanoethylcellulose, cyanoethylsucrose, pullulan, carboxyl methyl cellulose, styrenebutadiene rubber
- the electrolyte ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), butylene carbonate (BC), vinylene carbonate (VC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC ), Methylformate (MF), gamma-butyrolactone ( ⁇ -BL; butyrolactone), sulfolane (sulfolane), methylacetate (MA) or methylpropionate (MP; methylpropionate)
- Electrolyte solution Gel polymer electrolytes using PEO, PVdF, PVdF-HFP, PMMA, PAN or PVAc; Or a solid electrolyte using PEO, polypropylene oxide (PPO), polyethylene imine (PEI), polyethylene sulphide (PES) or polyvinyl acetate (PVAc); It may include an electrolyte selected from.
- the electrolyte may further include a lithium salt, wherein the lithium salt is LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiB 10 Cl 10 , LiPF 6 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 CO 2, LiAsF 6, LiSbF 6, LiAlCl 4, CH 3 SO 3 Li, CF 3 SO 3 Li, (CF 3 SO 2) 2 NLi, chloroborane lithium, one selected from a lower aliphatic carboxylic acid lithium, and tetraphenyl lithium borate Or two or more kinds.
- the lithium salt is LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiB 10 Cl 10 , LiPF 6 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 CO 2, LiAsF 6, LiSbF 6, LiAlCl 4, CH 3 SO 3 Li, CF 3 SO 3 Li, (CF 3 SO 2) 2 NLi, chloroborane lithium, one selected from a lower aliphatic
- the inner electrode may be a cathode or an anode
- the outer electrode may be an anode or a cathode corresponding to the inner electrode
- the inner electrode active material layer when the inner electrode is a cathode, the outer electrode is a positive electrode, the inner electrode active material layer, natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbonaceous material; Metals (Me) that are lithium-containing titanium composite oxide (LTO), Si, Sn, Li, Zn, Mg, Cd, Ce, Ni, or Fe; Alloys composed of the metals (Me); Oxides of the metals (Me) (MeOx); And any one active material particles selected from the group consisting of the metals (Me) and a composite of carbon or a mixture of two or more thereof, wherein the external electrode active material layer includes LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiCoPO 4 , LiFePO 4 , LiNiMnCoO 2 and LiNi 1-xyz Co x M1 y M2 z O 2 (M1 and M2 are independently of each other Al, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, V, Cr, Ti
- the internal electrode active material layer may include LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiCoPO 4 , LiFePO 4 , LiNiMnCoO 2, and LiNi 1-xyz Co x M1 y M2 z O 2
- M1 and M2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of Al, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, V, Cr, Ti, W, Ta, Mg and Mo
- x, y and z is an atomic fraction of the elements of the oxide composition independently of each other particles of any active material selected from the group consisting of 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.5, x + y + z ⁇ 1) or It contains a mixture of two or more of these, the external electrode active material layer, natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbonaceous material; Metals (Me) that are lithium-containing
- the separation layer may be an electrolyte layer or a separator.
- the electrolyte layer a gel polymer electrolyte using PEO, PVdF, PVdF-HFP, PMMA, PAN or PVAc; Or a solid electrolyte using PEO, polypropylene oxide (PPO), polyethylene imine (PEI), polyethylene sulphide (PES) or polyvinyl acetate (PVAc); It may include an electrolyte selected from.
- the electrolyte layer may further include a lithium salt, wherein the lithium salt is LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiB 10 Cl 10 , LiPF 6 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 CO 2, LiAsF 6, LiSbF 6 , LiAlCl 4, CH 3 SO 3 Li, CF 3 SO 3 Li, (CF 3 SO 2) 2 NLi, chloroborane lithium, lower aliphatic carboxylic acid lithium, and tetraphenyl boric acid selected from the group consisting of lithium Species or two or more kinds.
- the lithium salt is LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiB 10 Cl 10 , LiPF 6 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 CO 2, LiAsF 6, LiSbF 6 , LiAlCl 4, CH 3 SO 3 Li, CF 3 SO 3 Li, (CF 3 SO 2) 2 NLi, chloroborane lithium
- the separator is a porous substrate made of a polyolefin-based polymer selected from the group consisting of ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene-butene copolymer, ethylene-hexene copolymer and ethylene-methacrylate copolymer;
- a porous substrate formed of a mixture of inorganic particles and a binder polymer or a porous substrate formed of a mixture of inorganic particles and a binder polymer.
- two or more lithium ion supply core portion containing an electrolyte;
- Two or more internal electrodes disposed in parallel with each other having at least one wire type current collector wound around an outer surface of each lithium ion supply core and an internal electrode active material layer formed on a surface of the wire type current collector;
- a separation layer formed to surround the outer surfaces of the inner electrodes and prevent a short circuit of the electrodes;
- a conductive layer is formed around the outer surface of the separation layer and is wound, and formed on an outer current collector, an outer electrode active material layer formed on one surface of the outer current collector, and an upper surface of the outer electrode active material layer and including a conductive material and a binder.
- a sheet-type external electrode comprising a first support layer formed on the upper surface of the conductive layer and a second support layer formed on the other surface of the external current collector; And a packaging formed surrounding the outer surface of the external electrode, the metal foil layer, a first polymer resin layer formed on one surface of the metal foil layer, and a mechanical support layer formed on the other surface of the metal foil layer.
- the second support layer and the first polymer resin layer of the packaging is formed of the same material, but is provided with a cable-type secondary battery extending in the longitudinal direction attached to each other.
- the flexibility of the electrode can be greatly improved by introducing a support layer on at least one surface of the sheet type external electrode.
- the support layer buffers, thereby alleviating the occurrence of cracks in the electrode active material layer, thereby preventing the electrode active material layer from being detached from the current collector.
- the electrolyte solution flows smoothly into the electrode active material layer, and the electrolyte solution is impregnated into the pores of the porous support layer to prevent an increase in resistance in the battery, thereby preventing the performance of the battery.
- the outermost layer of the external electrode and the supporting layer and the polymer resin layer inside the packaging are formed of the same material, but by adhering to each other to prevent wrinkles of the metal foil layer included in the packaging, it is possible to improve the flexibility of the battery.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing a cable-type secondary battery having a conventional wire-type external current collector.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view schematically illustrating a cable type secondary battery including a sheet type external current collector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a cross section of the sheet-type external current collector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a packaging according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a packaging according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view schematically illustrating a cable type secondary battery including a sheet type external current collector according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a view schematically showing a state in which the sheet-shaped external electrode of the present invention is wound on the outer surface of the separation layer.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a cable-type secondary battery having two or more internal electrodes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing a cable-type secondary battery having a conventional wire-type external current collector
- Figures 2 to 6 is a sheet-type external electrode, packaging and a cable-type secondary battery comprising the same according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure is a schematic diagram.
- the conventional cable type secondary battery 10 is formed to surround the wound wire type current collector 15 and its outer surface, and formed by dip coating. (16) is provided.
- the external current collector 15 is configured in a wire shape, the movement of electrons generated during charging and discharging of the battery is not smoother than that of the sheet current collector. This is because the wire resistance is generally larger than the sheet resistance, and as a result, the resistance inside the battery is large, resulting in poor service life under high rate conditions as well as the rate characteristic of the battery.
- the external electrode active material layer 16 was formed by dip coating, even though its shape is protected by the packaging 17 under external bending / torsion conditions, it cracks on the surface of the external electrode active material layer 16. This can occur, and as a result it is disadvantageous in terms of electrode flexibility.
- the packaging for protecting the cable-type secondary battery is required at the same time flexibility and moisture barrier properties.
- a tube packaging made of a general polymer material it is possible to penetrate water or air through the micropores of the polymer, and contaminate the electrolyte in the battery, thereby deteriorating battery performance.
- a packaging formed of a metal foil layer may be used. When the battery is bent due to the stiffness of the metal foil layer itself, the surface of the metal foil layer may be bent or wrinkled, instead of being completely bent.
- the cable-type secondary battery extending in the longitudinal direction according to the present invention, the internal electrode; A separation layer which prevents a short circuit of the electrode formed surrounding the outer surface of the inner electrode; A sheet-type external electrode formed around the outer surface of the separation layer and spirally wound, the external current collector, an external electrode active material layer formed on one surface of the external current collector, and a support layer formed on the other surface of the external current collector; And a packaging formed surrounding the outer surface of the external electrode, the metal foil layer, a first polymer resin layer formed on one surface of the metal foil layer, and a mechanical support layer formed on the other surface of the metal foil layer.
- the support layer and the first polymer resin layer of the packaging are formed of the same material as each other, and are attached to each other.
- the spiral is represented in English as a spiral or helix, and is a shape that is twisted in a predetermined range, and generally refers to a shape similar to that of a general spring.
- the external electrode may have a strip structure extending in one direction.
- the external electrodes may be spirally wound so as not to overlap each other.
- the external electrodes may be spirally wound so as not to overlap each other at intervals within two times the width of the external electrodes so as not to deteriorate the performance of the battery.
- the external electrode may be formed by spirally winding so as to overlap each other.
- the external electrode may be formed by spirally winding the width of the overlapping portions to be within 0.9 times the width of the external electrode in order to suppress an excessive increase in the internal resistance of the battery.
- the internal electrode may have a hollow structure in which a space is formed therein.
- an internal electrode current collector core part may be formed in a space formed inside the internal electrode.
- the internal electrode current collector core portion carbon nanotubes, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon or copper; Stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, or silver; Aluminum-cadmium alloys; Non-conductive polymer surface-treated with a conductive material; Or it may be made of a conductive polymer.
- a lithium ion supply core part including an electrolyte may be formed in a space formed inside the internal electrode.
- the lithium ion supply core may include a gel polymer electrolyte and a support.
- the lithium ion supply core unit may include a liquid electrolyte and a porous carrier.
- the charging core part may be formed in a space formed inside the internal electrode.
- the filling core part may include materials for improving various performances in a cable type secondary battery, for example, polymer resin, rubber, inorganic material, and the like. It may be formed into various shapes such as wire, fiber, powder, mesh, foam, and the like.
- the support layer may be a polymer film, and may be formed of any one selected from the group consisting of polyolefin resins, polyester resins, polyimide resins, and polyamide resins, or a mixture of two or more thereof. have.
- the cable-type secondary battery (100, 200) extending in the longitudinal direction according to another aspect of the present invention, lithium ion supply core portion (110, 210) containing an electrolyte; Internal electrode active material layers formed on surfaces of one or more wire type internal current collectors 120 and 220 and the wire type internal current collectors 120 and 220 wound around the outer surfaces of the lithium ion supply core parts 110 and 210.
- Internal electrodes having (130, 230); Separation layers (140, 240) surrounding the outer surface of the inner electrode to prevent a short circuit of the electrode formed; It is wound around the outer surface of the separation layer (140, 240) is formed, the external current collector 151, the external electrode active material layer 152 formed on one surface of the external current collector 151, the external electrode active material layer (
- the conductive layer 153 is formed on the upper surface of the 152, and includes a conductive material and a binder, a porous first support layer 154 formed on the upper surface of the conductive layer 153, and the other surface of the external current collector 151
- Packaging (160, 260) including a mechanical support layer (163) formed on the other surface; and the second support layer 155 of the external electrodes (150, 250) and the first of the packaging (160, 260) 1 polymer resin layer 162 is formed of the same material, but are attached to each other.
- the second support layer 155 and the first polymer resin layer 162 may be attached to each other and fixed to each other. As a result, wrinkles of the metal foil layer 161 in the packaging 160 and 260 may be minimized, and thus the flexibility of the cable type secondary battery may be improved.
- the cable type secondary batteries 100 and 200 may have a cross section of a predetermined shape, and the predetermined shape does not particularly limit the shape, and any shape that does not impair the essence of the present invention is possible.
- the cable type secondary batteries 100 and 200 of the present invention have a cross section of a predetermined shape, have a linear structure elongated in the longitudinal direction with respect to the cross section, and have flexibility, so that deformation is free.
- the metal foil layer 161 is a group consisting of iron (Fe), carbon (C), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al) and equivalents thereof. It may be any one selected from, or an alloy of two or more thereof.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described group, but when the metal foil layer 161 is made of iron, the mechanical strength is increased, and when it is made of aluminum, the flexibility is improved.
- aluminum metal foil can be used.
- the first polymer resin layer 162 may include any one selected from the group consisting of polyolefin resins, polyester resins, polyimide resins, and polyamide resins, or a mixture of two or more thereof. have.
- the first polymer resin layer 162 may further include hydrophobic inorganic particles.
- hydrophobic inorganic particles include, but are not limited to, SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , MgO, BaTiO 3 , ZrO 2, and ZnO.
- the average particle diameter of the hydrophobic inorganic particles may be 1 nm to 5 ⁇ m.
- the mechanical support layer 163, high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate (polyethyleneterephthalate), polybutylene terephthalate (polybutyleneterephthalate), polyester (polyester), poly Acetal, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyimide, polyetheretherketone, polyethersulfone, polyphenyleneoxide, polyphenylene sulfide (polyphenylenesulfide) and polyethylenenaphthalate (polyethylenenaphthalate) may be formed of any one or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- packaging 160 and 260 may further include a second polymer resin layer 164 formed on an upper surface of the mechanical support layer 163 as shown in FIG. 5, which is the first polymer resin layer 162. It may be formed of the same material as).
- the internal electrode, the internal electrode active material layer is formed on the entire surface of the wire-type internal current collector; Or a structure formed surrounding the outer surface of the wire-type inner current collector in which the inner electrode active material layer is wound; Etc. are possible.
- one wire type internal current collector 120 is a lithium ion supply core part 110.
- the internal electrode active material layer 130 may be formed on the surface of the wire-shaped internal current collector 120 in advance, and as shown in FIG. 6, the internal electrode active material layer 230 may be formed on the surface thereof.
- the formed two or more wire-shaped internal current collector 220 may cross and be wound. As such, when two or more wire-shaped internal current collectors 220 are wound together, it is advantageous to improve the rate characteristic of the battery.
- the wound wire type inside may be formed to surround the inner electrode active material layer.
- the wire-type internal current collector (120, 220) of the present invention is stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, copper; Stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, or silver; Aluminum-cadmium alloys; Non-conductive polymer surface-treated with a conductive material; Or manufactured using a conductive polymer.
- the current collector collects electrons generated by the electrochemical reaction of the active material or serves to supply electrons required for the electrochemical reaction.
- a metal such as copper or aluminum is used.
- it is relatively more flexible than using a metal such as copper or aluminum.
- it is possible to achieve the light weight of the battery by using a polymer current collector in place of the metal current collector.
- Such conductive materials may be polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polysulfuride, ITO (indum tin oxide), silver, palladium and nickel, and the conductive polymer may be polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiol Offen, polysulfuritride and the like can be used.
- the non-conductive polymer used for the current collector is not particularly limited in kind.
- the external current collector 151 may be a mesh current collector, and in order to further increase the surface area of the current collector, a plurality of recesses may be formed on at least one surface thereof.
- the plurality of recesses may have a continuous pattern or an intermittent pattern. That is, it may have a recess of a continuous pattern formed in the longitudinal direction spaced apart from each other, or may have an intermittent pattern in which a plurality of holes are formed.
- the plurality of holes may be circular or polygonal.
- the external current collector 151 stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, copper; Stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, or silver; Aluminum-cadmium alloys; Non-conductive polymer surface-treated with a conductive material; Conductive polymers; A metal paste comprising a metal powder of Ni, Al, Au, Ag, Pd / Ag, Cr, Ta, Cu, Ba, or ITO (Indum Tin Oxide); Or a carbon paste containing carbon powder which is graphite, carbon black or carbon nanotubes.
- the first support layer 154 may be a mesh type porous membrane or a nonwoven fabric.
- the electrolyte flows into the external electrode active material layer 152 smoothly, and the first support layer 154 itself is excellent in impregnation of the electrolyte solution, thereby ensuring ion conductivity, thereby allowing resistance inside the battery. This prevents the battery from degrading by preventing the increase.
- the first support layer 154 may include high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyester, Polyacetal, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyetheretherketone, polyethersulfone, polyphenyleneoxide, polyphenylene It may be formed of any one or a mixture of two or more selected from the group consisting of sulfide (polyphenylenesulfide) and polyethylenenaphthalate (polyethylenenaphthalate).
- the upper surface of the first support layer 154 may further include a conductive material coating layer having a conductive material and a binder.
- the conductive material coating layer prevents deterioration of battery performance by improving conductivity of the electrode active material layer to reduce resistance of the electrode.
- the conductive material and the binder may be the same as those used in the conductive layer to be described later.
- the negative electrode since the conductivity of the negative electrode active material layer is relatively excellent, even if the conductive material coating layer is not included, the negative electrode exhibits similar performance to that in the case where a general negative electrode is used. This is particularly advantageous when applied to the positive electrode to reduce the resistance inside the battery because the performance degradation phenomenon can be intensified.
- the conductive material coating layer, the conductive material and the binder may be mixed in a weight ratio of 80:20 to 99: 1.
- the resistance of the electrode may be excessively increased, but when the content of the aforementioned numerical range is satisfied, the resistance of the electrode is prevented from being excessively increased.
- the first support layer since the first support layer has a buffering effect that prevents the detachment phenomenon of the electrode active material layer, even if a relatively small amount of binder is included, the flexibility of the electrode is not significantly prevented.
- the second support layer 155 may be a polymer film, any one selected from the group consisting of polyolefin resin, polyester resin, polyimide resin and polyamide resin, or a mixture of two or more thereof It may be formed as.
- the conductive layer 153 may be formed by mixing the conductive material and the binder in a weight ratio of 1:10 to 8:10.
- the conductive layer 153 may form a porous structure to facilitate the introduction of the electrolyte into the electrode active material layer, wherein the size of the pores formed in the conductive layer is 0.01 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, porosity May be 5 to 70%.
- the conductive material may include any one selected from the group consisting of carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, or a mixture of two or more thereof. It is not.
- the binder may include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoro propylene, polyvinylidene fluoride trichloro Ethylene (polyvinylidene fluoride-co-trichloroethylene), polybutyl acrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylacetate ( polyvinylacetate, ethylene vinyl co-vinyl acetate, polyethylene oxide, polyarylate, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate Cellulose acetate propionate, cyanoethylpullu Cyanoethylpullulan, cyanoethylpolyvinylalcohol, cyanoethylcellulose, cyanoethylsucrose, pullulan, carboxyl methyl cellulose, styrenebutadiene rubber
- the lithium ion supply cores 110 and 210 include an electrolyte, but the type of the electrolyte is not particularly limited, but ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), and butylene carbonate (BC). , Vinylene carbonate (VC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), methyl formate (MF), gamma-butyrolactone ( ⁇ -BL; butyrolactone), sulfore Non-aqueous electrolytes using phosphorus, methylacetate (MA), or methylpropionate (MP); Gel polymer electrolytes using PEO, PVdF, PVdF-HFP, PMMA, PAN or PVAc; Or a solid electrolyte using PEO, polypropylene oxide (PPO), polyethylene imine (PEI), polyethylene sulphide (PES) or polyvinyl acetate (PVAc); Etc.
- PEO polypropy
- the electrolyte may further include a lithium salt, which may include LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiB 10 Cl 10 , LiPF 6 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 CO 2 , LiAsF 6, LiSbF 6, LiAlCl 4 , CH 3 SO 3 Li, CF 3 SO 3 Li, (CF 3 SO 2) 2 NLi, chloro is preferred to use a borane lithium, lower aliphatic carboxylic acid lithium, and tetraphenyl lithium borate, etc.
- the lithium ion supply cores 110 and 210 may be configured only with an electrolyte, and in the case of a liquid electrolyte, a porous carrier may be used.
- the inner electrode may be a cathode or an anode
- the outer electrode may be an anode or a cathode corresponding to the inner electrode
- the electrode active material layer of the present invention functions to move ions through a current collector, and the movement of these ions is caused by interaction through occlusion of ions from the electrolyte layer and release of ions into the electrolyte layer.
- the electrode active material layer may be classified into a negative electrode active material layer and a positive electrode active material layer.
- the inner electrode active material layer is a negative electrode active material, natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbonaceous material; Metals (Me) that are lithium-containing titanium composite oxide (LTO), Si, Sn, Li, Zn, Mg, Cd, Ce, Ni, or Fe; Alloys composed of the metals (Me); Oxides of the metals (Me) (MeOx); And it may include any one active material particles or a mixture of two or more thereof selected from the group consisting of a complex of the metals (Me) and carbon, the external electrode active material layer is a positive electrode active material, LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiCoPO 4 , LiFePO 4 , LiNiMnCoO 2 and LiNi 1-xyz Co x M1 y M2 z O 2 (M1 and M2 are independently of each other Al, Ni, Co, Fe
- the internal electrode active material layer may be a positive electrode active material layer
- the external electrode active material layer may be a negative electrode active material layer
- the electrode active material layer includes an electrode active material, a binder, and a conductive material, and combines with the current collector to form an electrode.
- deformation occurs, such as the electrode being folded or severely bent by an external force, detachment of the electrode active material occurs. Due to the detachment of the electrode active material, a decrease in battery performance and battery capacity occurs.
- the wound sheet-type external current collector since the wound sheet-type external current collector has elasticity, it plays a role of dispersing the force at the time of deformation due to external force, and thus less deformation of the electrode active material layer occurs, thereby preventing detachment of the active material.
- the separation layers 140 and 240 of the present invention may use an electrolyte layer or a separator.
- Examples of the electrolyte layer serving as a passage for the ions include a gel polymer electrolyte using PEO, PVdF, PVdF-HFP, PMMA, PAN, or PVAc; Or a solid electrolyte using PEO, polypropylene oxide (PPO), polyethylene imine (PEI), polyethylene sulphide (PES) or polyvinyl acetate (PVAc); Etc.
- the matrix of the solid electrolyte is preferably made of polymer or ceramic glass as a basic skeleton.
- ions may move very slowly in terms of reaction rate, and therefore, it is preferable to use an electrolyte of a gel polymer having easier movement of ions than a solid.
- the gel polymer electrolyte is not excellent in mechanical properties, it may include a pore structure support or a crosslinked polymer to compensate for this. Since the electrolyte layer of the present invention may serve as a separator, a separate separator may not be used.
- the electrolyte layer of the present invention may further include a lithium salt.
- Lithium salts can improve ionic conductivity and reaction rate, non-limiting examples of which are LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiB 10 Cl 10 , LiPF 6 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 CO 2, LiAsF 6, LiSbF 6, LiAlCl 4, CH 3 SO 3 Li, CF 3 SO 3 Li, (CF 3 SO 2) 2 NLi, chloro available borane lithium, lower aliphatic carboxylic acid lithium, and tetraphenyl lithium borate, etc. have.
- the separator is not limited to a kind thereof, but a porous material made of a polyolefin-based polymer selected from the group consisting of ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene-butene copolymer, ethylene-hexene copolymer and ethylene-methacrylate copolymer. materials;
- a porous substrate made of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyacetal, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyether ether ketone, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide and polyethylene naphthalate;
- a porous substrate formed of a mixture of inorganic particles and a binder polymer may be used.
- the polyester, polyacetal, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyether ether ketone, polyether sulfone, polyphenylene oxide, and polyphenylene It is preferable to use a separator of a nonwoven material corresponding to a porous substrate made of a polymer selected from the group consisting of sulfides and polyethylene naphthalates.
- the internal electrode active material layer 130 is wound around the wire-shaped internal current collector 120 formed on the surface to prepare an internal electrode having an empty space in the center thereof.
- a general coating method may be applied, and specifically, an electroplating or anodization process
- a method it is preferable to manufacture the electrode slurry including the active material by using a comma coater or a slot die coater.
- the electrode slurry containing the active material it is also possible to manufacture by using a method of extrusion coating using a dip coating or an extruder.
- a sheet of the separation layer 140 which prevents a short circuit of the electrode is formed by winding the outer surface of the inner electrode.
- (S1) a step of forming a second support layer on one surface of the sheet-shaped outer current collector by pressing; (S2) applying the external electrode active material slurry to the other surface of the external current collector, and drying to form an external electrode active material layer; (S3) applying a conductive material slurry including a conductive material and a binder to an upper surface of the external electrode active material layer, and forming a porous first support layer on the upper surface of the conductive material slurry; And (S4) compressing the resultant of the step (S3) to form an integrated conductive layer by adhering between the external electrode active material layer and the first support layer to form a sheet type external electrode.
- the sheet type external electrode 150 is wound around the outer surface of the separation layer 140 to form an electrode assembly.
- the packaging 160 is formed to surround the outer surface of the electrode assembly.
- the packaging includes a metal foil layer, a first polymer resin layer formed on one surface of the metal foil layer, and a mechanical support layer formed on the other surface of the metal foil layer, wherein the packaging 160 is skinned to an outer surface of the electrode assembly.
- the second support layer and the first polymer resin layer are attached and fixed by applying heat and pressure to the surface of the packaging 160.
- an electrolyte is injected into an empty space formed at the center of the internal electrode to form a lithium ion supply core unit 110.
- the lithium ion supply core unit 110 may be formed by injecting electrolyte after forming the packaging 160 on the outer surface of the electrode assembly, but before forming the wound wire type internal electrode, the polymer electrolyte may be extruded. It may be formed in advance in the form of a wire using a wire, or prepared by injecting a non-aqueous electrolyte into a sponge-like carrier after preparing the carrier, or after preparing the internal electrode, the non-aqueous electrolyte in an empty space in the center of the internal electrode. By implanting the lithium ion supply core portion 110 may be formed.
- the electrolyte injection portion is completely sealed to manufacture a cable type secondary battery.
- the cable type secondary battery 300 of the present invention includes at least two lithium ion supply core portions 310 including an electrolyte; At least one wire type current collector 320 and an inner electrode active material layer 330 formed on the surface of the wire type current collector 320 are wound around the outer surface of each of the lithium ion supply cores 310.
- a separation layer 340 formed surrounding the outer surfaces of the inner electrodes and preventing a short circuit of the electrodes; It is formed by winding the outer surface of the separation layer 340, the external current collector 351, the external electrode active material layer 352 formed on one surface of the external current collector 351, the external electrode active material layer 352 Formed on an upper surface of the conductive layer 353 including a conductive material and a binder, a porous first support layer 354 formed on the upper surface of the conductive layer 353, and formed on the other surface of the external current collector 351.
- the cable-type secondary battery 300 includes an internal electrode composed of a plurality of electrodes, it is easy to adjust the loading amount of the electrode active material layer and the battery capacity by adjusting the number of internal electrodes, and since the cable secondary battery 300 includes a plurality of electrodes, The possibility can be prevented.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (48)
- 내부전극;상기 내부전극의 외면을 둘러싸며 형성된 전극의 단락을 방지하는 분리층;상기 분리층의 외면을 둘러싸며 나선형으로 권선되어 형성되되, 외부집전체, 상기 외부집전체의 일면에 형성된 외부전극 활물질층 및 상기 외부집전체의 타면에 형성된 지지층을 포함하는 시트형 외부전극; 및상기 외부전극의 외면을 둘러싸며 형성되되, 금속박층, 상기 금속박층의 일면에 형성된 제1 고분자 수지층, 및 상기 금속박층의 타면에 형성된 기계적 지지층을 포함하는 패키징;을 구비하고,상기 외부전극의 상기 지지층과, 상기 패키징의 상기 제1 고분자 수지층이 서로 동일한 재질로 형성되되, 서로 부착되는 길이 방향으로 연장된 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 외부전극은, 일측 방향으로 연장된 스트립 구조인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 외부전극은, 서로 겹치지 않도록 나선형으로 권선되어 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 외부전극은, 상기 외부전극 폭의 2 배 이내의 간격을 두고 서로 이격되어 겹치지 않도록 나선형으로 권선되어 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 외부전극은, 서로 겹치도록 나선형으로 권선되어 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 외부전극은, 상기 서로 겹치는 부분의 폭이 상기 외부전극 폭의 0.9 배 이내가 되도록 나선형으로 권선되어 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 내부전극은, 내부에 공간이 형성되어 있는 중공형 구조인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 내부전극의 내부에 형성되어 있는 공간에, 내부전극 집전체 코어부, 전해질을 포함하는 리튬이온 공급 코어부, 또는 충전 코어부가 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 내부전극 집전체 코어부는, 카본나노튜브, 스테인리스스틸, 알루미늄, 니켈, 티탄, 소성탄소 또는 구리; 카본, 니켈, 티탄 또는 은으로 표면처리된 스테인리스스틸; 알루미늄-카드뮴합금; 도전재로 표면처리된 비전도성 고분자; 또는 전도성 고분자로 제조된 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 리튬이온 공급 코어부는, 겔형 폴리머 전해질 및 지지체를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 리튬이온 공급 코어부는, 액체 전해질 및 다공성 담체를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 충전 코어부는 와이어, 섬유상, 분말상, 메쉬, 또는 발포체 형상을 갖는 고분자 수지, 고무, 또는 무기물을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 지지층은, 고분자 필름인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 지지층은, 폴리올레핀계 수지, 폴리에스테르계 수지, 폴리이미드계 수지 및 폴리아미드계 수지로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 혼합물로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 패키징은, 상기 기계적 지지층의 상부면에 형성된 제2 고분자 수지층을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 금속박층은, 철(Fe), 탄소(C), 크롬(Cr), 망간(Mn), 니켈(Ni), 구리(Cu), 알루미늄(Al) 및 그 등가물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나, 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 합금인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 고분자 수지층은, 폴리올레핀계 수지, 폴리에스테르계 수지, 폴리이미드계 수지 및 폴리아미드계 수지로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나, 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 혼합물로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 고분자 수지층은, 소수성 무기물 입자를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제18항에 있어서,상기 소수성 무기물 입자는, SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, BaTiO3, ZrO2 및 ZnO로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 혼합물인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제18항에 있어서,상기 소수성 무기물 입자의 평균 입경이 1 nm 내지 5 ㎛인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 기계적 지지층은, 고밀도 폴리에틸렌, 저밀도 폴리에틸렌, 선형저밀도 폴리에틸렌, 초고분자량 폴리에틸렌, 폴리프로필렌, 폴리에틸렌테레프탈레이트 (polyethyleneterephthalate), 폴리부틸렌테레프탈레이트 (polybutyleneterephthalate), 폴리에스테르 (polyester), 폴리아세탈 (polyacetal), 폴리아미드 (polyamide), 폴리카보네이트 (polycarbonate), 폴리이미드 (polyimide), 폴리에테르에테르케톤 (polyetheretherketone), 폴리에테르설폰 (polyethersulfone), 폴리페닐렌옥사이드 (polyphenyleneoxide), 폴리페닐렌설파이드 (polyphenylenesulfide) 및 폴리에틸렌나프탈레이트 (polyethylenenaphthalate)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 혼합물로 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 외부집전체는, 메쉬형 집전체인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 외부집전체는, 스테인리스스틸, 알루미늄, 니켈, 티탄, 소성탄소, 구리; 카본, 니켈, 티탄 또는 은으로 표면처리된 스테인리스스틸; 알루미늄-카드뮴합금; 도전재로 표면처리된 비전도성 고분자; 전도성 고분자; Ni, Al, Au, Ag, Pd/Ag, Cr, Ta, Cu, Ba 또는 ITO(Indum Tin Oxide)인 금속분말을 포함하는 금속 페이스트; 또는 흑연, 카본블랙 또는 탄소나노튜브인 탄소분말을 포함하는 탄소 페이스트;로 제조된 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 전해질을 포함하는 리튬이온 공급 코어부;상기 리튬이온 공급 코어부의 외면을 둘러싸며 권선된 하나 이상의 와이어형 내부집전체와 상기 와이어형 내부집전체의 표면에 형성된 내부전극 활물질층을 구비하는 내부전극;상기 내부전극의 외면을 둘러싸며 형성된 전극의 단락을 방지하는 분리층;상기 분리층의 외면을 둘러싸며 권선되어 형성되되, 외부집전체, 상기 외부집전체의 일면에 형성된 외부전극 활물질층, 상기 외부전극 활물질층의 상면에 형성되며, 도전재와 바인더를 포함하는 도전층, 상기 도전층의 상면에 형성된 다공성의 제1 지지층, 및 상기 외부집전체의 타면에 형성된 제2 지지층을 포함하는 시트형 외부전극; 및상기 외부전극의 외면을 둘러싸며 형성되되, 금속박층, 상기 금속박층의 일면에 형성된 제1 고분자 수지층, 및 상기 금속박층의 타면에 형성된 기계적 지지층을 포함하는 패키징;을 구비하고,상기 외부전극의 상기 제2 지지층과, 상기 패키징의 상기 제1 고분자 수지층이 서로 동일한 재질로 형성되되, 서로 부착되는 길이 방향으로 연장된 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제24항에 있어서,상기 내부전극은, 상기 내부전극 활물질층이 상기 와이어형 내부집전체의 전 표면에 형성된 구조; 또는 상기 내부전극 활물질층이 권선된 와이어형 내부집전체의 외부면을 둘러싸며 형성된 구조;인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제24항에 있어서,상기 와이어형 내부집전체는, 스테인리스스틸, 알루미늄, 니켈, 티탄, 소성탄소, 구리; 카본, 니켈, 티탄 또는 은으로 표면처리된 스테인리스스틸; 알루미늄-카드뮴합금; 도전재로 표면처리된 비전도성 고분자; 또는 전도성 고분자로 제조된 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제26항에 있어서,상기 도전재는, 폴리아세틸렌, 폴리아닐린, 폴리피롤, 폴리티오펜, 폴리설퍼니트리드, ITO(Indum Tin Oxide), 은, 팔라듐 및 니켈 중에서 선택된 1종 또는 2종 이상의 혼합물인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제26항에 있어서,상기 전도성 고분자는, 폴리아세틸렌, 폴리아닐린, 폴리피롤, 폴리티오펜 및 폴리설퍼니트리드 중에서 선택된 1종의 화합물 또는 2종 이상의 혼합물인 고분자인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제24항에 있어서,상기 제1 지지층은, 메쉬형 다공성 막 또는 부직포인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제24항에 있어서,상기 제1 지지층은, 고밀도 폴리에틸렌, 저밀도 폴리에틸렌, 선형저밀도 폴리에틸렌, 초고분자량 폴리에틸렌, 폴리프로필렌, 폴리에틸렌테레프탈레이트(polyethyleneterephthalate), 폴리부틸렌테레프탈레이트 (polybutyleneterephthalate), 폴리에스테르(polyester), 폴리아세탈(polyacetal), 폴리아미드(polyamide), 폴리카보네이트(polycarbonate), 폴리이미드(polyimide), 폴리에테르에테르케톤(polyetheretherketone), 폴리에테르설폰(polyethersulfone), 폴리페닐렌옥사이드(polyphenyleneoxide), 폴리페닐렌설파이드(polyphenylenesulfide) 및 폴리에틸렌나프탈레이트(polyethylenenaphthalate)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 어느 하나 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 혼합물로 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제24항에 있어서,상기 제2 지지층은, 고분자 필름인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제24항에 있어서,상기 제2 지지층은, 폴리올레핀계 수지, 폴리에스테르계 수지, 폴리이미드계 수지 및 폴리아미드계 수지로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 혼합물로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제24항에 있어서,상기 도전층은, 상기 도전재와 상기 바인더가 1:10 내지 8:10의 중량비로 혼합되어 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제24항에 있어서,상기 도전층에 형성된 기공의 크기가, 0.01 ㎛ 내지 5 ㎛이고, 기공도가 5 내지 70 %인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제24항에 있어서,상기 도전재는, 카본 블랙, 아세틸렌 블랙, 케첸 블랙, 탄소 섬유, 탄소 나노튜브 및 그래핀으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 혼합물을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제24항에 있어서,상기 바인더는, 폴리비닐리덴 풀루오라이드 (polyvinylidene fluoride, PVDF), 폴리비닐리덴 풀루오라이드-헥사풀루오로프로필렌 (polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoro propylene), 폴리비닐리덴 풀루오라이드-트리클로로에틸렌(polyvinylidene fluoride-co-trichloroethylene), 폴리부틸 아크릴레이트 (polybutyl acrylate), 폴리메틸 메타크릴레이트 (polymethyl methacrylate), 폴리아크릴로니트릴 (polyacrylonitrile), 폴리비닐피롤리돈 (polyvinylpyrrolidone), 폴리비닐아세테이트 (polyvinylacetate), 에틸렌 비닐 아세테이트 공중합체 (polyethylene-co-vinyl acetate), 폴리에틸렌 옥사이드 (polyethylene oxide), 폴리아릴레이트 (polyarylate), 셀룰로오스 아세테이트 (cellulose acetate), 셀룰로오스 아세테이트 부틸레이트 (cellulose acetate butyrate), 셀룰로오스 아세테이트 프로피오네이트 (cellulose acetate propionate), 시아노에틸풀루란 (cyanoethylpullulan), 시아노에틸폴리비닐알콜 (cyanoethylpolyvinylalcohol), 시아노에틸셀룰로오스 (cyanoethylcellulose), 시아노에틸수크로오스 (cyanoethylsucrose), 풀루란 (pullulan), 카르복실 메틸 셀룰로오스 (carboxyl methyl cellulose), 스티렌부타디엔 고무 (styrene-butadiene rubber), 아크릴로니트릴스티렌부타디엔 공중합체 (acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer) 및 폴리이미드 (polyimide)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 어느 하나 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 혼합물인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제24항에 있어서,상기 전해질은, 에틸렌카보네이트(EC), 프로필렌카보네이트(PC), 부틸렌카보네이트(BC), 비닐렌카보네이트(VC), 디에틸카보네이트(DEC), 디메틸카보네이트(DMC), 에틸메틸카보네이트(EMC), 메틸포르메이트(MF), 감마-부티로락톤(γ-BL;butyrolactone), 설포레인(sulfolane), 메틸아세테이트(MA; methylacetate), 또는 메틸프로피오네이트(MP; methylpropionate)를 사용한 비수전해액; PEO, PVdF, PVdF-HFP, PMMA, PAN 또는 PVAc를 사용한 겔형 고분자 전해질; 또는 PEO, PPO(polypropylene oxide), PEI(polyethylene imine), PES(polyethylene sulphide) 또는 PVAc(polyvinyl acetate)를 사용한 고체 전해질; 중에서 선택된 전해질을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제24항에 있어서,상기 전해질은, 리튬염을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제38항에 있어서,상기 리튬염은, LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO4, LiBF4, LiB10Cl10, LiPF6, LiCF3SO3, LiCF3CO2, LiAsF6, LiSbF6, LiAlCl4, CH3SO3Li, CF3SO3Li, (CF3SO2)2NLi, 클로로보란리튬, 저급지방족카르본산리튬 및 테트라페닐붕산리튬 중에서 선택된 1종 또는 2종 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제24항에 있어서,상기 내부전극은, 음극 또는 양극이고, 상기 외부전극은, 상기 내부전극에 상응하는 양극 또는 음극인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제24항에 있어서,상기 내부전극이 음극이고, 상기 외부전극이 양극인 경우, 상기 내부전극 활물질층은, 천연흑연, 인조흑연, 탄소질재료; 리튬 함유 티타늄 복합 산화물(LTO), Si, Sn, Li, Zn, Mg, Cd, Ce, Ni 또는 Fe인 금속류(Me); 상기 금속류(Me)로 구성된 합금류; 상기 금속류(Me)의 산화물(MeOx); 및 상기 금속류(Me)와 탄소와의 복합체로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 어느 하나의 활물질 입자 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 혼합물을 포함하고,상기 외부전극 활물질층은, LiCoO2, LiNiO2, LiMn2O4, LiCoPO4, LiFePO4, LiNiMnCoO2 및 LiNi1-x-y-zCoxM1yM2zO2(M1 및 M2는 서로 독립적으로 Al, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, V, Cr, Ti, W, Ta, Mg 및 Mo로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 어느 하나이고, x, y 및 z는 서로 독립적으로 산화물 조성 원소들의 원자 분율로서 0 < x < 0.5, 0 < y < 0.5, 0 < z < 0.5, x+y+z ≤ 1임)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 어느 하나의 활물질 입자 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 혼합물을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제24항에 있어서,상기 내부전극이 양극이고, 상기 외부전극이 음극인 경우, 상기 내부전극 활물질층은, LiCoO2, LiNiO2, LiMn2O4, LiCoPO4, LiFePO4, LiNiMnCoO2 및 LiNi1-x-y-zCoxM1yM2zO2(M1 및 M2는 서로 독립적으로 Al, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, V, Cr, Ti, W, Ta, Mg 및 Mo로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 어느 하나이고, x, y 및 z는 서로 독립적으로 산화물 조성 원소들의 원자 분율로서 0 < x < 0.5, 0 < y < 0.5, 0 < z < 0.5, x+y+z ≤ 1임)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 어느 하나의 활물질 입자 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 혼합물을 포함하고,상기 외부전극 활물질층은, 천연흑연, 인조흑연, 탄소질재료; 리튬 함유 티타늄 복합 산화물(LTO), Si, Sn, Li, Zn, Mg, Cd, Ce, Ni 또는 Fe인 금속류(Me); 상기 금속류(Me)로 구성된 합금류; 상기 금속류(Me)의 산화물(MeOx); 및 상기 금속류(Me)와 탄소와의 복합체로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 어느 하나의 활물질 입자 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 혼합물을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제24항에 있어서,상기 분리층은, 전해질층 또는 세퍼레이터인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제43항에 있어서,상기 전해질층은, PEO, PVdF, PVdF-HFP, PMMA, PAN 또는 PVAc를 사용한 겔형 고분자 전해질; 또는PEO, PPO(polypropylene oxide), PEI(polyethylene imine), PES(polyethylene sulphide) 또는 PVAc(polyvinyl acetate)를 사용한 고체 전해질; 중에서 선택된 전해질을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제43항에 있어서,상기 전해질층은, 리튬염을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제45항에 있어서,상기 리튬염은, LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO4, LiBF4, LiB10Cl10, LiPF6, LiCF3SO3, LiCF3CO2, LiAsF6, LiSbF6, LiAlCl4, CH3SO3Li, CF3SO3Li, (CF3SO2)2NLi, 클로로보란리튬, 저급지방족카르본산리튬 및 테트라페닐붕산리튬 중에서 선택된 1종 또는 2종 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 제43항에 있어서,상기 세퍼레이터는, 에틸렌 단독중합체, 프로필렌 단독중합체, 에틸렌-부텐 공중합체, 에틸렌-헥센 공중합체 및 에틸렌-메타크릴레이트 공중합체로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 폴리올레핀계 고분자로 제조한 다공성 기재; 폴리에스테르, 폴리아세탈, 폴리아미드, 폴리카보네이트, 폴리이미드, 폴리에테르에테르케톤, 폴리에테르설폰, 폴리페닐렌옥사이드, 폴리페닐렌설파이드 및 폴리에틸렌나프탈레이트로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 고분자로 제조한 다공성 기재; 또는 무기물 입자 및 바인더 고분자의 혼합물로 형성된 다공성 기재인 것을 특징으로 하는 케이블형 이차전지.
- 전해질을 포함하는 2 이상의 리튬이온 공급 코어부;각각의 상기 리튬이온 공급 코어부의 외면을 둘러싸며 권선된 하나 이상의 와이어형 내부집전체와 상기 와이어형 내부집전체의 표면에 형성된 내부전극 활물질층을 구비하는 서로 평행하게 배치된 2 이상의 내부전극;상기 내부전극들의 외면을 함께 둘러싸며 형성되고, 전극의 단락을 방지하는 분리층;상기 분리층의 외면을 둘러싸며 권선되어 형성되되, 외부집전체, 상기 외부집전체의 일면에 형성된 외부전극 활물질층, 상기 외부전극 활물질층의 상면에 형성되며, 도전재와 바인더를 포함하는 도전층, 상기 도전층의 상면에 형성된 다공성의 제1 지지층, 및 상기 외부집전체의 타면에 형성된 제2 지지층;을 포함하는 시트형 외부전극; 및상기 외부전극의 외면을 둘러싸며 형성되되, 금속박층, 상기 금속박층의 일면에 형성된 제1 고분자 수지층, 및 상기 금속박층의 타면에 형성된 기계적 지지층을 포함하는 패키징;을 구비하고,상기 외부전극의 상기 제2 지지층과, 상기 패키징의 상기 제1 고분자 수지층이 서로 동일한 재질로 형성되되, 서로 부착되는 길이 방향으로 연장된 케이블형 이차전지.
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CN201580032855.5A CN106463778B (zh) | 2014-06-19 | 2015-06-19 | 线缆型二次电池 |
JP2016573077A JP6549163B2 (ja) | 2014-06-19 | 2015-06-19 | ケーブル型二次電池 |
US15/315,519 US10305148B2 (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2015-06-19 | Cable-type secondary battery |
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KR1020150086822A KR101783922B1 (ko) | 2014-06-19 | 2015-06-18 | 케이블형 이차전지 |
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