WO2015188595A1 - 显示面板及其制作方法、显示装置 - Google Patents

显示面板及其制作方法、显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015188595A1
WO2015188595A1 PCT/CN2014/092361 CN2014092361W WO2015188595A1 WO 2015188595 A1 WO2015188595 A1 WO 2015188595A1 CN 2014092361 W CN2014092361 W CN 2014092361W WO 2015188595 A1 WO2015188595 A1 WO 2015188595A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
layer
display panel
absorbing layer
microlens
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PCT/CN2014/092361
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
崔颖
代青
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2015188595A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015188595A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/875—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K59/879—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising refractive means, e.g. lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/875—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K59/877—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising scattering means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/8791—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
    • H10K59/8792—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light comprising light absorbing layers, e.g. black layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display panel, a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device.
  • an organic light-emitting device is generally composed of an anode, a cathode, and an organic light-emitting functional layer sandwiched therebetween, and can be classified according to the light-emitting direction thereof. Bottom emission type and top emission type organic light emitting devices.
  • the top electrode is usually made of a highly reflective metal material, external light enters the inside of the display device from the transparent bottom electrode, and the top electrode is infiltrated due to the reflection effect of the top electrode.
  • the external light inside the display device is reflected.
  • Such external light reflected from the inside of the device causes a greatly reduced contrast in the display device, particularly in the case of black display, and causes the observation surface (reflection surface) of the metal electrode to be reflected in the surrounding image, thereby making The visibility of the display is reduced.
  • a polarizing layer used for an LCD is disposed on a transparent glass substrate, that is, a viewing surface (light emitting surface) of a module, such as a Japanese patent.
  • JP-A-7-142170 discloses that a polarizing layer is disposed on the light-emitting surface side of the module, and the light that is incident from the outside of the module into the module can be shielded by the polarizing layer, reflected by the metal electrode on the back side, and emitted again from the assembly.
  • the external light that is incident into the module through the polarizing layer from the outside of the module is a linearly polarized light parallel to the polarizing direction of the polarizing layer, and the linear polarized light is reflected by the metal electrode, and its polarization direction is reversed by 90°. Then, since the polarization direction of the reflected light of the metal electrode is different from the polarization direction of the polarizing layer, it cannot pass through the polarizing layer and is blocked.
  • the polarizing layer By providing the polarizing layer in this way, the reflected light on the light exiting surface is prevented from being emitted, and the decrease in contrast can be suppressed.
  • the polarizing layer can pass only the light parallel to the polarizing direction of the polarizing layer in the light emitted from the light emitting layer. Therefore, most of the emitted light cannot pass through the polarizing layer, thereby reducing the utilization efficiency of the light.
  • the polarizing layer not only increases the manufacturing process of the display panel, but also increases the thickness of the display panel.
  • the present invention provides a display panel, a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device.
  • a display panel comprising a substrate, a display device, and a light concentrating layer and a light absorbing layer between the substrate and the display device, the light concentrating layer and the light absorbing layer incident along external light
  • the directions are arranged in order, and the light collecting layer is used for collecting external light, and the light absorbing layer is located at a gathering place of the external light for absorbing the concentrated external light.
  • the light converging layer comprises a plurality of microlenses distributed in an array.
  • the microlens is in the shape of a hemisphere including a top surface and a bottom surface, the bottom surface being a spherical surface, the top surface being a circular plane, the top surface facing the light absorbing layer, the bottom surface facing the substrate.
  • the spacing between the plurality of microlenses is greater than the diameter of a single microlens.
  • the microlens is made of a transparent, non-absorbent material.
  • the microlens is made of polyacrylic resin, acryl resin, methacrylic resin, urethane resin, polyester resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, fiber resin, polystyrene.
  • One of the materials of the resin is made of or mixed with a plurality of materials.
  • the display panel further includes a flat layer, the microlens is embedded inside the flat layer, and the flat layer has a refractive index smaller than a refractive index of the microlens material.
  • the light absorbing layer is located at a focus position of the microlens.
  • the area of the light absorbing layer is smaller than the area of the microlens.
  • the light absorbing layer is formed by mixing one or more of carbon black, black resin, and black titanium compound lacking one oxygen atom.
  • the display panel further includes a light scattering layer on a side of the light absorbing layer facing the display device for scattering light emitted inside the display panel.
  • the light scattering layer is made of a transparent material doped with scattering particles.
  • the light scattering layer has the same area as the light absorbing layer.
  • a display device comprising the display panel of any of the above embodiments.
  • a method of fabricating a display panel comprising: forming a substrate, a display device, and a light concentrating layer and a light absorbing layer between the substrate and the display device; wherein the light concentrating layer and the light The absorbing layer is sequentially arranged along the incident direction of the external light, and the light concentrating layer is used for concentrating the external light, and the light absorbing layer is located at the convergence of the external light for absorbing the concentrated external light.
  • forming the light converging layer and the light absorbing layer between the substrate and the display device comprises:
  • forming a light collecting layer on the substrate comprises:
  • a second planar layer is formed over the microlenses.
  • the microlens employs a transparent, non-absorbent material and has a refractive index greater than a refractive index of the planar layer.
  • the forming a light absorbing layer at the outer light gathering area above the light collecting layer comprises:
  • a light absorbing layer having an area smaller than that of the microlens is formed at a focus position of each of the microlenses.
  • the method further includes:
  • a light scattering layer having an area equal to that of the light absorbing layer is formed on a side of the light absorbing layer facing the display device, and the light scattering layer is made of a transparent material doped with scattering particles.
  • the present invention forms a light converging layer formed of a plurality of microlenses between a substrate and a display device, and forms an absorption layer at a light converging portion of the microlens such that external light converges in the photo lens when passing through the microlens
  • the present invention also forms a scattering layer on the absorbing layer, and the internal light of the display device irradiated onto the absorbing layer is scattered by the scattering layer due to the existence of the scattering layer, without being absorbed by the absorbing layer The light absorbed by the scattering layer is scattered and then emitted to the outside of the device.
  • the display panel provided by the present invention effectively reduces the reflection of external light inside the device, and ensures that the illumination inside the device is not blocked, that is, the brightness of the device is not attenuated, and the conventional method of attaching the polarizer In comparison, the brightness is significantly improved, and the thickness of the display panel is reduced, and the risk of yield drop due to the polarizer is reduced, and the cost is saved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a display panel in a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a display panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3(a) to (c) are schematic diagrams showing optical paths of external light and internal light passing through a microlens, a light absorbing layer, and a light scattering layer in the present invention
  • 4a is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4b illustrates an exemplary step of forming a light converging layer on a substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • a display panel including a substrate, a display device, and a light concentrating layer and a light absorbing layer between the substrate and the display device, the light concentrating layer and the light absorbing layer being exposed to external light
  • the incident direction is arranged in order, and the light collecting layer is used for collecting external light, and the light absorbing layer is located at the convergence of the external light for absorbing the concentrated external light.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a display panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, it includes a substrate 101, a display device 102, and a light collecting layer 103 and a light absorbing layer 104 between the substrate 101 and the display device 102, the light collecting layer 103 and the light absorbing layer 104 along the external light.
  • the incident direction is arranged in order, and the light collecting layer 103 is used for collecting external light, and the light absorbing layer 104 is located at the convergence of the external light for absorbing the concentrated external light.
  • the display panel described in the present invention may be a liquid crystal display panel or an OLED display panel, wherein the display device is a liquid crystal display device or an OLED display device.
  • the external light mentioned in the present invention is light that enters the inside of the display panel from the outside of the display panel. Since the viewer side of the display panel is usually made of a transparent glass substrate, external light usually enters the inside of the display panel from the observer side.
  • the internal light mentioned in the present invention has two meanings: First, if the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, the internal light is light emitted by the backlight through the display device, and the direction thereof and the direction of the external light. On the other hand, if the display panel is an OLED display panel, the internal light is light emitted by the OLED display device, and the direction thereof is also opposite to the direction of the external light.
  • the light collecting layer 103 is disposed between the substrate 101 and the display device 102 for condensing external light incident into the interior of the display panel, and includes a plurality of microlenses 1031 distributed in an array;
  • the microlens 1031 is made of a transparent non-absorbent material, which may be, for example, a hemispherical shape including a top surface and a bottom surface, the bottom surface being a spherical surface, the top surface being a circular plane, the top surface facing the light absorbing layer 104, The bottom surface faces the substrate 101; wherein the microlens 1031 has a lower hemispherical shape along the incident direction of the external light, that is, the external light is incident from the bottom surface of the microlens 1031 and exits from the top surface.
  • the plurality of microlenses 1031 are embedded inside the flat layer 105 of the upper surface of the substrate 101, and the top surfaces of each of the microlenses 1031 are located in the same plane, and each microlens 1031 has the same shape and size; the flat layer
  • the refractive index of 105 is smaller than the refractive index of the microlens 1031, so that external light entering from below the substrate 101 can be incident on the light collecting point F of the microlens 1031 after being incident on the microlens 1031 through the flat layer 105.
  • the light convergence point F is the focus of the microlens 1031, as shown in Fig. 3(a).
  • the flat layer 105 has a refractive index between 1.4 and 1.6
  • the microlens material 1031 has a refractive index between 1.65 and 2.0.
  • the spacing between the plurality of microlenses 1031 is preferably greater than the diameter of a single microlens, such as the diameter of any one of the plurality of microlenses 1031, to avoid shading;
  • the diameter of the microlens 1031 is smaller than the length and width of a single sub-pixel, and preferably 5-20 microlenses are fabricated under a single sub-pixel.
  • the microlens 1031 is made of a transparent non-absorbent material, for example, one material selected from the following materials or a mixed material of a plurality of materials: polymethyl methacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate Polyacrylic resin such as ester or polycyclohexyl methacrylate, olefinic resin such as polydiethylene glycol bisallyl carbonate or polycarbonate, methacrylic resin, urethane resin, polyester resin, poly Vinyl chloride resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, fiber resin, polystyrene resin, and the like.
  • a transparent non-absorbent material for example, one material selected from the following materials or a mixed material of a plurality of materials: polymethyl methacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate Polyacrylic resin such as ester or polycyclohexyl methacrylate, olefinic resin such as polydiethylene glycol bisallyl carbonate or polycarbonate, methacrylic resin, urethane resin, polyester resin
  • the light absorbing layer 104 is located at a focus position of the microlens 1031 for absorbing external light concentrated at a focus of the microlens 1031.
  • the material of the light absorbing layer 104 is a black matrix light shielding material, such as carbon black, black resin, black titanium compound lacking an oxygen atom, etc.; the light absorbing layer 104 may be a rectangular square, a circle, etc., and the area thereof may be It is much smaller than the top surface area of the microlens 1031, for example, about one quarter of the microlens 1031, and the thickness of the light absorbing layer is 5 to 50 nm. If the thickness of the light absorbing layer is too thin, the effect of absorbing light is not obtained.
  • the light absorbing layer 104 may be embedded inside the flat layer, and the light absorbing layer 104 is formed only at the focal position of each of the microlenses 1031, and the area of the light absorbing layer 104 is much smaller than that of the microlens. The area, therefore, has little effect on the internal light emerging from the display device 102. Since the light absorbing layer 104 is disposed at the focus of each of the microlenses 1031, the focal length of the microlens 1031 should not be too long, which may cause an increase in the thickness of the display panel.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a display panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • a light scattering layer 106 is disposed, which is located on a side of the light absorbing layer 104 facing the display device, which may be associated with the light absorbing layer.
  • the light scattering layer 106 is made of a transparent material doped with scattering particles, such as a transparent resin doped with scattering particles, and the like, and has a size equivalent to that of the light absorbing layer to completely block the absorbing layer. Precisely, the thickness can also be comparable to the light absorbing layer, and of course, it can be thinner. As long as the purpose of scattering internal light can be achieved.
  • the light scattering layer 106 and the light absorbing layer 104 are both formed at the focal position of the microlens, as shown in FIG.
  • the area of the light scattering layer 106 and the light absorbing layer 104 can be made small, much smaller than the micro
  • the upper surface area of the lens 1031 can prevent excessive emission light from being changed in the inside of the device, as shown in Fig. 3(b).
  • this portion of the light is not absorbed, but is scattered several times outside the device.
  • the scattering layer has a refractive index of between 1 and 3, and the scattering particles may be an inorganic material, an organic material, or a combination of an organic material and an inorganic material.
  • the display device 102 may be a liquid crystal display device, a bottom emission type OLED display device, or a top emission type OLED display device or the like.
  • the display panel of the invention provides a light collecting layer having a plurality of microlenses and an absorbing layer at a light concentrating position of the microlens for the purpose of absorbing external light entering the inside of the device and preventing external light from passing through the device top.
  • the electrode such as in the case where the display device is an OLED
  • the contrast is lowered, and the image quality of the display is lowered.
  • a scattering layer is further formed over the absorption layer in order to prevent the light emitted from the inside of the device from being Absorbed by the absorption layer, increasing the light output rate of the internal light of the device, ensuring that the light emitted inside the device is not blocked.
  • the present invention also proposes a display device comprising the display panel as described above.
  • the display device is a bottom emission type OLED display device.
  • the present invention also provides a method of fabricating a display panel, comprising: forming a substrate, a display device, and a light concentrating layer and a light absorbing layer between the substrate and the display device; wherein the light concentrating layer and the light absorbing layer are along the external light
  • the incident directions are arranged in order, and the light collecting layer is used for collecting external light, and the light absorbing layer is located at the convergence of the external light for absorbing the concentrated external light.
  • FIG. 4a is a flow chart showing a method for fabricating a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing a manufacturing process of a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in Figure 4a (the dotted line in Figure 4a indicates optional steps) and 5, as an example, the method includes:
  • Step 401 Form a substrate 101, which may be a TFT array substrate or a glass substrate;
  • Step 402 forming a light collecting layer 103 on the substrate 101, as an example, the light collecting layer 103 may include a plurality of microlenses 1031 distributed in an array;
  • Step 403 forming a light absorbing layer 104 at an external light convergence area above the light collecting layer 103;
  • Step 405 Form display device 102.
  • the above step 402 may include:
  • Step 4021 forming a first flat layer 1051 on the substrate 101;
  • Step 4022 forming a plurality of microlenses 1031 distributed in an array in the first flat layer 1051, for example, the first flat layer 1051 may be patterned to form a groove distributed in the array, the shape of the groove being the same as the shape of the microlens 1031 to be fabricated, as shown in FIG.
  • the microlenses 1031 for example, in a groove formed on the first flat layer 1051
  • the material is formed, for example, may be selected from one of the following materials or a mixed material of a plurality of materials: polyacrylic acid resin such as polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polycyclohexyl methacrylate or the like. , polydiethylene glycol double An allylic resin such as allyl carbonate or polycarbonate, a methacrylic resin, a urethane resin, a polyester resin, a polyvinyl chloride resin, a polyvinyl acetate resin, a fiber resin, or a polystyrene resin.
  • the refractive index of the material selected for the microlens 1031 needs to be greater than the refractive index of the flat layer material.
  • Step 4023 forming a second planar layer 1052 over the microlens 1031.
  • the thickness may be equal to the distance from the top surface of the microlens 1031 to its focal point such that the upper surface of the second planar layer 1052 is formed.
  • the light absorbing layer 104 is just at the focus position of the microlens 1031 as shown in Fig. 5(c).
  • step 403 may include forming, at a focus position of each of the microlenses 1031, a light absorbing layer 104 having an area smaller than the microlens by a solution method such as deposition or spraying, as shown in FIG. 5(d).
  • the light absorbing layer has a thickness of 5 to 50 nm, and the light absorbing layer material may be a light shielding material, such as carbon black, black resin, black titanium compound lacking one oxygen atom, and the like; the light absorbing layer will be The external light entering outside the device is absorbed at the focus of the microlens, preventing external light from being reflected by the top electrode of the device, causing a decrease in contrast and a reduction in image quality of the display.
  • the light absorbing layer material may be a light shielding material, such as carbon black, black resin, black titanium compound lacking one oxygen atom, and the like; the light absorbing layer will be The external light entering outside the device is absorbed at the focus of the microlens, preventing external light from being reflected by the top electrode of the device, causing a decrease in contrast and a reduction in image quality of the display.
  • step 404 may be further included between step 403 and step 405: on the side of the light absorbing layer 104 facing the display device 102 (shown in the figure)
  • the light scattering layer 106 is formed above, and the area of the light scattering layer 106 is substantially the same as that of the light absorbing layer 104.
  • step 404 can include:
  • a third flat layer 1053 is formed on the light scattering layer 106 as shown in FIG. 5(e).
  • the light scattering layer 106 may be made of a transparent material doped with scattering particles, such as a transparent resin or the like.
  • the scattering particles include an organic material, an inorganic material, and a combination of the two.
  • the purpose of fabricating the light-scattering layer is to absorb the light inside the portion of the light-absorbing layer that is not absorbed by the light-absorbing layer, so as not to lower the light-emitting rate and brightness of the device.
  • step 405 may include fabricating display device 102 over said third planar layer 1053 to complete fabrication of the entire display panel, as shown in Figure 5(f).
  • the invention adopts a scheme in which a microlens is combined with an absorbing layer and a scattering layer, so that the reflection of external light inside the device is effectively reduced, and at the same time, the illumination inside the device is not blocked, that is, the brightness of the device is not attenuated, which is Compared with the conventional method of attaching a polarizer, the brightness is obviously improved; the invention also saves the production cost, reduces the thickness of the display panel, and reduces the risk of the yield drop caused by the polarizer attached.

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Abstract

一种显示面板，包括基板（101）、显示器件（102）以及位于所述基板（101）和显示器件（102）之间的光汇聚层（103）和光吸收层（104），所述光汇聚层（103）和光吸收层（104）沿外界光的入射方向依次排布，所述光汇聚层（103）用于汇聚外界光，所述光吸收层（104）位于所述外界光的汇聚处，用于吸收所汇聚的外界光。使得外界光在器件内部的反射得到了有效的降低，同时确保了器件内部的发光不被阻挡，即器件的亮度不被衰减，这与传统的贴偏光片的方法相比，亮度明显提高；还节约了生产成本，减小显示面板的厚度，同时降低了贴偏光片带来的良率下降的风险。

Description

显示面板及其制作方法、显示装置 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，具体涉及一种显示面板及其制作方法、显示装置。
背景技术
由于显示面板观察面一侧的基板通常采用透明玻璃基板，因此外部环境光会从透明的基板进入显示面板内部，进而被显示面板内部的金属电极等反射出来，造成显示面板的对比度下降。以有机电致发光器件(Organic Light Emitting Diode，OLED)显示面板为例，有机发光电致器件一般由阳极、阴极以及夹在两者之间的有机发光功能层构成，按其出光方向可以分为底发射型和顶发射型有机发光器件。对于底发射型有机电致发光器件，由于其顶电极通常采用反射性高的金属材料，因此，外界光会从透明的底电极进入显示器件内部，由于顶电极的反射作用，会把摄入到显示器件内部的外界光反射出来。这种从器件内部反射出来的外界光，在显示装置中，特别是黑色显示的情况下，会造成对比度大大降低，并且将引起在金属电极的观察面(反射面)映入周围像，而使得显示画面的可看性降低。
作为防止该种由于金属电极的反射造成的显示质量低下的简便方法，有的采用将LCD所使用的偏光层配置于透明玻璃基板，即组件的观察面(光出射面)的方法，如日本专利文献-特开平7-142170公开了在组件的出光面侧配置偏光层，可由该偏光层遮蔽从组件外部射入至组件内的光，再由背面侧的金属电极反射，并再次从组件射出。即从组件外部通过偏光层而射入组件内的外界光，为与偏光层的偏光方向平行的直线偏光，该直线偏光经金属电极反射后，其偏光方向作为90°反向。于是，金属电极的反射光的偏光方向，由于与偏光层的偏光方向不同，因此不能通过偏光层，从而受到遮断。
以这种方法设置偏光层，防止光射出面上的反射光射出，可抑制对比度的降低。但是，由于在组件的光射出侧存在偏光层，因此从发光层的光 若不通过偏光层，则无法向外输出。而偏光层只能使发光层出射光中与偏光层的偏光方向平行的光通过，因此，出射光中的大部分不能通过该偏光层，从而降低了发光的利用效率。此外，偏光层不但增加了显示面板的制作工艺流程，而且还增加了显示面板的厚度。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提出了一种显示面板及其制作方法、显示装置。
根据本发明一方面，其提供了一种显示面板，包括基板、显示器件以及位于所述基板和显示器件之间的光汇聚层和光吸收层，所述光汇聚层和光吸收层沿外界光的入射方向依次排布，所述光汇聚层用于汇聚外界光，所述光吸收层位于所述外界光的汇聚处，用于吸收所汇聚的外界光。
在一实施例中，所述光汇聚层包括成阵列分布的多个微透镜。
在一实施例中，所述微透镜为半球形状，包括顶面和底面，所述底面为球面，所述顶面为圆形平面，所述顶面朝向光吸收层，所述底面朝向基板。
在一实施例中，所述多个微透镜之间的间距大于单个微透镜的直径。
在一实施例中，所述微透镜采用透明不吸光材料制成。
在一实施例中，所述微透镜采用聚丙烯酸类树脂、烯丙类树脂、甲基丙烯酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂、聚酯树脂、聚氯乙烯树脂、聚醋酸乙烯树脂、纤维树脂、聚苯乙烯类树脂中的一种材料制成或由其中的多种材料混合制成。
在一实施例中，所述显示面板还包括平坦层，所述微透镜嵌入在所述平坦层内部，且所述平坦层的折射率小于微透镜材料的折射率。
在一实施例中，所述光吸收层位于所述微透镜的焦点位置。
在一实施例中，所述光吸收层的面积小于微透镜的面积。
在一实施例中，所述光吸收层采用炭黑、黑色树脂、缺一个氧原子的黑色钛系化合物中的一种或更多种混合而成。
在一实施例中，所述显示面板还包括光散射层，其位于所述光吸收层的朝向显示器件的一侧，用于对显示面板内部发出的光进行散射。
在一实施例中，所述光散射层采用掺杂有散射粒子的透明材料制成。
在一实施例中，所述光散射层的面积与所述光吸收层相同。
根据本发明第二方面，其提供了一种显示装置，其包括如上任一实施例所述的显示面板。
根据本发明第三方面，其提供了一种显示面板的制作方法，其包括：形成基板、显示器件以及位于基板和显示器件之间的光汇聚层和光吸收层；其中，所述光汇聚层和光吸收层沿外界光的入射方向依次排布，所述光汇聚层用于汇聚外界光，所述光吸收层位于所述外界光的汇聚处，用于吸收所汇聚的外界光。
在一实施例中，在基板和显示器件之间形成光汇聚层和光吸收层包括：
提供基板；
在基板上形成光汇聚层；
在光汇聚层上方的外界光汇聚处形成光吸收层；
制作显示器件。
在一实施例中，在基板上形成光汇聚层包括：
在基板上形成第一平坦层；
在第一平坦层内形成阵列分布的多个微透镜；
在微透镜上方形成第二平坦层。
在一实施例中，所述微透镜采用透明不吸光材料，且其折射率大于平坦层的折射率。
在一实施例中，所述在光汇聚层上方的外界光汇聚处形成光吸收层包括：
在每个所述微透镜的焦点位置处形成面积小于所述微透镜的光吸收层。
在一实施例中，所述方法还包括：
在所述光吸收层的朝向显示器件的一侧上形成面积与光吸收层相等的光散射层，所述光散射层采用掺杂有散射粒子的透明材料制成。
本发明通过在基板和显示器件之间形成由多个微透镜形成的光汇聚层，并在所述微透镜的光汇聚处形成吸收层，使得外界光在通过所述微透镜时汇聚在所述吸收层处，被所述吸收层所吸收，从而防止或削弱外界光 反射对显示器造成的不良影响；同时，本发明还在吸收层上形成散射层，由于散射层的存在，使得照射到吸收层上的显示器件的内部光被散射层所散射，而不被吸收层所吸收，被散射层散射的光经过散射后又被射出到器件外部。综上，本发明提出的显示面板使得外界光在器件内部的反射得到了有效降低，同时确保了器件内部的发光不被阻挡，即器件的亮度不被衰减，与传统的贴偏光片的方案相比，亮度明显提高，且减小了显示面板的厚度，同时降低了贴偏光片带来的良率下降的风险，节约了成本。
附图说明
图1为本发明第一实施例中显示面板的结构示意图；
图2为本发明第二实施例中显示面板的结构示意图；
图3(a)～(c)为本发明中外界光和内部光经过微透镜、光吸收层、光散射层时的光路示意图；
图4a为本发明实施例中显示面板的制作方法流程图；
图4b示出根据本发明实施例的在基板上形成光汇聚层的示例性的步骤；
图5(a)～(f)为本发明实施例中显示面板的制作工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，以下结合具体实施例，并参照附图，对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
另外，在下面的详细描述中，为便于解释，阐述了许多具体的细节以提供对本披露实施例的全面理解。然而明显地，一个或多个实施例在没有这些具体细节的情况下也可以被实施。在其他情况下，公知的结构和装置以图示的方式体现以简化附图。
根据本发明总体上的发明构思，提供一种显示面板，包括基板、显示器件以及位于所述基板和显示器件之间的光汇聚层和光吸收层，所述光汇聚层和光吸收层沿外界光的入射方向依次排布，所述光汇聚层用于汇聚外界光，所述光吸收层位于所述外界光的汇聚处，用于吸收所汇聚的外界光。
图1示出了本发明第一实施例提出的一种显示面板结构示意图。如图1所示，其包括基板101、显示器件102以及位于所述基板101和显示器件102之间的光汇聚层103和光吸收层104，所述光汇聚层103和光吸收层104沿外界光的入射方向依次排布，所述光汇聚层103用于汇聚外界光，所述光吸收层104位于所述外界光的汇聚处，用于吸收所汇聚的外界光。
本发明中所述的显示面板可以为液晶显示面板或OLED显示面板，其中的显示器件为液晶显示器件或OLED显示器件。
本发明中所提到的外界光为从显示面板外部进入到显示面板内部的光。由于显示面板的观察者一侧通常采用透明玻璃基板制成，因此外界光通常是从观察者一侧进入到显示面板内部的。此外，本发明中提到的内部光有两种含义：其一、若显示面板为液晶显示面板，则所述内部光为背光源经过显示器件出射的光，其方向与所述外界光的方向相反；其二、若所述显示面板为OLED显示面板，则所述内部光为所述OLED显示器件发出的光，其方向也与所述外界光的方向相反。
在实施例中，所述光汇聚层103设置在基板101和显示器件102之间，用于汇聚入射至显示面板内部的外界光，其包括成阵列分布的多个微透镜1031；所述微透镜1031采用透明不吸光的材料制成，其例如可以为半球形状，包括顶面和底面，所述底面为球面，所述顶面为圆形平面，所述顶面朝向光吸收层104，所述底面朝向基板101；其中，所述微透镜1031沿外界光的入射方向呈下半球形状，即所述外界光从微透镜1031的底面入射，并从所述顶面出射出去。所述多个微透镜1031嵌入在所述基板101上表面的平坦层105内部，且每个微透镜1031的顶面位于同一平面，且每个微透镜1031的形状和大小相同；所述平坦层105的折射率小于微透镜1031的折射率，这样可以使得从基板101下方进入的外界光经过平坦层105入射至微透镜1031后，汇聚在所述微透镜1031的光汇聚点F处，所述光汇聚点F即为所述微透镜1031的焦点所在，如图3(a)所示。作为示例，所述平坦层105的折射率介于1.4至1.6之间，所述微透镜材料1031的折射率介于1.65至2.0之间。
可选地，所述多个微透镜1031之间的间距最好大于单个微透镜的直径，例如多个微透镜1031中任一个微透镜的直径，以免造成遮光；此外， 所述微透镜1031的直径小于单个子像素的长和宽，最好在单个子像素下面制作5-20个微透镜。
可选地，所述微透镜1031采用透明不吸光材料制成，例如可以选自以下材料中的一种材料或其中的多种材料的混合材料：聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚甲基丙烯酸乙酯、聚甲基丙烯酸环己酯等的聚丙烯酸类树脂，聚二甘醇双烯丙基碳酸酯、聚碳酸酯等的烯丙类树脂，甲基丙烯酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂、聚酯树脂、聚氯乙烯树脂、聚醋酸乙烯树脂、纤维树脂、聚苯乙烯类树脂等。
所述光吸收层104位于所述微透镜1031的焦点位置处，用于吸收汇聚在所述微透镜1031焦点处的外界光。所述光吸收层104的材料采用黑矩阵遮光材料，例如炭黑、黑色树脂、缺一个氧原子的黑色钛系化合物等；所述光吸收层104可以是长方形正方形、圆形等，其面积可以远小于所述微透镜1031的顶面面积，例如为所述微透镜1031的四分之一左右，光吸收层厚度为5～50nm，如果光吸收层厚度太薄，达不到吸收光的效果，如果太厚，会增加器件的厚度。从图1可以看出，所述光吸收层104可以嵌入在平坦层内部，只有在每个微透镜1031焦点位置处制作有所述光吸收层104，且光吸收层104的面积远小于微透镜的面积，因此对于从显示器件102出射的内部光的影响不大。由于所述光吸收层104设置于每个微透镜1031的焦点处，因此微透镜1031的焦距不宜过长，否则会造成显示面板的厚度增加。
图2示出了本发明第二实施例提出的一种显示面板的结构示意图。如图2所示，其在第一实施例的基础上，增设了光散射层106，所述光散射层106位于光吸收层104的朝向显示器件的一侧，其可以与所述光吸收层104接触设置，或者它们之间具有一定的隔离层，只要所述光散射层106能够挡在光吸收层104上方，将照射至光吸收层104的显示器件内部光进行散射即可，目的是为了照射至光吸收层的部分内部光不被光吸收层104所吸收，以免降低器件的出光率以及亮度。
所述光散射层106由掺杂有散射粒子的透明材料制成，如掺杂有散射粒子的透明树脂等制成，其大小与所述光吸收层大小相当，以完全遮挡所述吸收层为准，其厚度也可以与所述光吸收层相当，当然，也可以更薄， 只要能够达到散射内部光的目的即可。所述光散射层106与光吸收层104均制作在微透镜的焦点位置，如图3(c)所示，这样光散射层106与光吸收层104的面积可以做到很小，远小于微透镜1031的上表面面积，可以避免器件内部过多的发射光被改变路径，如图3(b)所示。与此同时，即使有一部分显示器件内部光照到光吸光层104上，但由于上方的光散射层106的存在，这部分光也不会被吸收，而是经过几次散射又射出器件外部。
作为示例，所述散射层的折射率介于1至3之间，所述散射粒子可以为无机材料、有机材料，或者是有机材料和无机材料的组合。
可选地，所述显示器件102可以是液晶显示器件、底发射型的OLED显示器件或顶发射型的OLED显示器件等。
本发明提出的显示面板，通过制作具有多个微透镜的光汇聚层，并在微透镜的光会聚位置处制作吸收层，目的是用于吸收进入器件内部的外界光，防止外界光经器件顶电极(如在显示器件为OLED的情况下)反射后，造成对比度下降，以及显示画面画质降低等问题；此外，还在吸收层上方再制作散射层，目的是防止从器件内部出射的光被吸收层所吸收，增大器件内部光的出光率，确保器件内部发出的光不被遮挡。
本发明还提出了一种显示装置，其包括如上所述的显示面板。可选地，所述显示装置为底发射型的OLED显示装置。
本发明还提出了一种显示面板的制作方法，其包括：形成基板、显示器件以及位于基板和显示器件之间的光汇聚层和光吸收层；其中，所述光汇聚层和光吸收层沿外界光的入射方向依次排布，所述光汇聚层用于汇聚外界光，所述光吸收层位于所述外界光的汇聚处，用于吸收所汇聚的外界光。
下面通过具体的实施例详细介绍本发明提出的显示面板的制作方法。
图4a示出了本发明实施例提出的一种显示面板的制作方法流程图。图5示出了本发明实施例提出的一种显示面板的制作工艺流程图。如图4a(图4a中的虚线部分表示可选的步骤)和5所示，作为示例，该方法包括：
步骤401：形成基板101，所述基板可以是TFT阵列基板，也可以是玻璃基板；
步骤402：在基板101上形成光汇聚层103，作为示例，所述光汇聚层103可以包括成阵列分布的多个微透镜1031；
步骤403：在所述光汇聚层103上方的外界光汇聚处形成光吸收层104；以及
步骤405：形成显示器件102。
作为示例，如图4b所示，上述步骤402可以包括：
步骤4021：在基板101上形成第一平坦层1051；步骤4022：在所述第一平坦层1051内形成阵列分布的多个微透镜1031，例如，可以对第一平坦层1051进行图形化以形成阵列分布的凹槽，所述凹槽的形状与所要制作的微透镜1031的形状相同，如图5(a)所示，例如，还可以在所述第一平坦层1051上形成的凹槽内利用如光刻胶热熔法、化学气象沉积法、喷墨打印等方法形成阵列分布的多个微透镜1031，所述多个微透镜1031为半球形状，包括顶面和底面，所述底面为球面，所述顶面为圆形平面，且例如，每个微透镜的大小形状相同，其顶面位于同一平面，如图5(b)所示；所述微透镜1031可以采用透明不吸光的材料形成，例如可以选自以下材料中的一种材料或其中多种材料的混合材料：聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚甲基丙烯酸乙酯、聚甲基丙烯酸环己酯等的聚丙烯酸类树脂，聚二甘醇双烯丙基碳酸酯、聚碳酸酯等的烯丙类树脂，甲基丙烯酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂、聚酯树脂、聚氯乙烯树脂、聚醋酸乙烯树脂、纤维树脂、聚苯乙烯类树脂等。作为示例，所述微透镜1031选用材料的折射率需要大于平坦层材料的折射率。
步骤4023：在微透镜1031上方形成第二平坦层1052，作为示例，其厚度可以与所述微透镜1031顶面到其焦点的距离相等，以使得在所述第二平坦层1052上表面形成的光吸收层104正好处于微透镜1031的焦点位置，如图5(c)所示。
作为示例，步骤403可以包括：在每个所述微透镜1031的焦点位置，采用沉积法或者喷涂等溶液法形成面积小于所述微透镜的光吸收层104，如图5(d)所示。
所述光吸收层厚度为5～50nm，光吸收层材料可以为遮光材料，例如炭黑、黑色树脂、缺一个氧原子的黑色钛系化合物等；所述光吸收层将从 器件外部进入的外界光在微透镜焦点处被吸收，防止外界光经器件顶电极反射，造成对比度下降，以及显示画面画质降低等问题。
在一实施例中，在步骤403和步骤405之间还可以包括步骤404(如图4a中虚线框所示)：在所述光吸收层104的朝向显示器件102的一侧(图中示出为上方)形成光散射层106，所述光散射层106的面积与所述光吸收层104大致相同。
作为示例，步骤404可以包括：
利用掩膜板在光吸收层104上方形成面积与光吸收层104大致相同的光散射层106；
在所述光散射层106上形成第三平坦层1053，如图5(e)所示。
所述光散射层106可采用掺杂有散射粒子的透明材料制成，如透明树脂等。所述散射粒子包括有机材料、无机材料以及两者的组合材料。制作光散射层的目的是为了照射至光吸收层的部分内部光不被光吸收层所吸收，以免降低器件的出光率以及亮度。
作为示例，步骤405可以包括：在所述第三平坦层1053上方制作显示器件102，完成整个显示面板的制作，如图5(f)所示。
本发明采用微透镜与吸收层和散射层结合的方案，使得外界光在器件内部的反射得到了有效的降低，同时确保了器件内部的发光不被阻挡，即器件的亮度不被衰减，这与传统的贴偏光片的方法相比，亮度明显提高；本发明还节约了生产成本，减小显示面板的厚度，同时降低了贴偏光片带来的良率下降的风险。
以上所述的具体实施例，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种显示面板，包括基板、显示器件以及位于所述基板和显示器件之间的光汇聚层和光吸收层，所述光汇聚层和光吸收层沿外界光的入射方向依次排布，所述光汇聚层用于汇聚外界光，所述光吸收层位于所述外界光的汇聚处，用于吸收所汇聚的外界光。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中，所述光汇聚层包括呈阵列分布的多个微透镜。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的显示面板，其中，所述微透镜为半球形状，包括顶面和底面，所述底面为球面，所述顶面为圆形平面，所述顶面朝向光吸收层，所述底面朝向基板。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的阵列面板，其中，所述多个微透镜之间的间距大于单个微透镜的直径。
  5. 如权利要求2-4任一项所述的显示面板，其中，所述微透镜采用透明不吸光材料制成。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的显示面板，其中，所述微透镜采用聚丙烯酸类树脂、烯丙类树脂、甲基丙烯酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂、聚酯树脂、聚氯乙烯树脂、聚醋酸乙烯树脂、纤维树脂、聚苯乙烯类树脂中的一种材料制成或由其中的多种材料混合制成。
  7. 如权利要求2-6任一项所述的显示面板，其还包括平坦层，所述微透镜嵌入在所述平坦层内部，且所述平坦层材料的折射率小于微透镜材料的折射率。
  8. 如权利要求2-6任一项所述的显示面板，其中，所述光吸收层位于所述微透镜的焦点位置。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的显示面板，其中，所述光吸收层的面积小于微透镜的面积。
  10. 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的显示面板，其中，所述光吸收层采用炭黑、黑色树脂、缺一个氧原子的黑色钛系化合物中的一种或由其中多种混合而成。
  11. 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的显示面板，其还包括光散射层，其位于所述光吸收层的朝向显示器件的一侧，用于对显示器件内部光进行散射。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的显示面板，其中，所述光散射层采用掺杂有散射粒子的透明材料制成。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的显示面板，其中，所述光散射层的面积与所述光吸收层相同。
  14. 一种显示装置，其包括如权利要求1-13任一项所述的显示面板。
  15. 一种显示面板的制作方法，其包括：
    形成基板、显示器件以及位于所述基板和所述显示器件之间的光汇聚层和光吸收层；其中，所述光汇聚层和光吸收层沿外界光的入射方向依次排布，所述光汇聚层用于汇聚外界光，所述光吸收层位于所述外界光的汇聚处，用于吸收所汇聚的外界光。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的显示面板的制作方法，其中，形成基板、显示器件以及位于所述基板和所述显示器件之间形成光汇聚层和光吸收层包括：
    形成所述基板；
    在所述基板上形成所述光汇聚层；
    在所述光汇聚层上方的外界光汇聚处形成所述光吸收层；
    形成所述显示器件。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的显示面板的制作方法，其中，在所述基板上形成所述光汇聚层包括：
    在所述基板上形成第一平坦层；
    在所述第一平坦层内形成阵列分布的多个微透镜；
    在所述微透镜上方形成第二平坦层。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的显示面板的制作方法，其中，所述微透镜采用透明不吸光材料，且其折射率大于平坦层的折射率。
  19. 如权利要求16所述的显示面板的制作方法，其中，所述在光汇聚层上方的外界光汇聚处形成所述光吸收层包括：
    在每个所述微透镜的焦点位置处形成面积小于所述微透镜的所述光吸收层。
  20. 如权利要求15-19任一项所述的显示面板的制作方法，其还包括：
    在所述光吸收层的朝向所述显示器件的一侧上形成面积与所述光吸收层相同的光散射层，所述光散射层采用掺杂有散射粒子的透明材料制成。
PCT/CN2014/092361 2014-06-12 2014-11-27 显示面板及其制作方法、显示装置 WO2015188595A1 (zh)

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