WO2015169088A1 - Recycle method for waste lamp tubes - Google Patents

Recycle method for waste lamp tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015169088A1
WO2015169088A1 PCT/CN2014/094207 CN2014094207W WO2015169088A1 WO 2015169088 A1 WO2015169088 A1 WO 2015169088A1 CN 2014094207 W CN2014094207 W CN 2014094207W WO 2015169088 A1 WO2015169088 A1 WO 2015169088A1
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Prior art keywords
phosphor
waste
metal
mercury vapor
glass tube
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PCT/CN2014/094207
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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戴建国
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东莞市光能新能源科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2015169088A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015169088A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/50—Repairing or regenerating used or defective discharge tubes or lamps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/60—Glass recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of lamp illumination, and in particular relates to a recycling method of a waste lamp.
  • the direct crushing separation is characterized by compact structure, small footprint and low investment, but the phosphor and mercury vapor can not be reused.
  • the cut-end purge separation can effectively collect and collect the recyclable phosphors, but the investment is large.
  • some large lighting companies have begun to recycle used lamps.
  • the current recycling target is limited to companies with large fluorescent lamps, and recycling stations are set up at major distributors. These companies are planning to recycle the recycling of used fluorescent lamps, just like recycling old batteries. At the beginning stage, there is no mature and effective system.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a recycling method for a waste lamp tube according to the deficiencies of the prior art, which can realize the reuse of the waste lamp tube and realize the glass tube, the metal cap, the phosphor and the mercury vapor. Recycling effectively controls the environmental pollution of used lamps and effectively recycles resources.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a recycling method of a waste lamp tube, disassembling the used lamp tube, separating the waste glass tube, the metal cap, the phosphor and the mercury vapor, and then performing the following operations on them; : 1) Waste glass tube collection: Cut the glass tubes of different specifications into short glass tubes, which can be reused; 2) Collect metal caps: collect the used metal caps and sort the metal caps 3) Extracting the aluminum material; 3) Collecting the phosphor: scraping the phosphor in the tube and smelting it to obtain the finished phosphor; 4) Collecting the mercury vapor: collecting the mercury vapor by a vacuum pump, and then fixing the mercury vapor Liquefaction gives mercury.
  • the short glass tube can be fabricated into a glass tube of the same specification to realize the reuse of the glass tube.
  • the waste glass tube can also be collected in the following manner: after cutting the metal cap at both ends, the glass tube is directly cleaned. It can be reused to solve the problem of LED glare glare, or directly added to the LED tube after re-adding the powder scrub.
  • the metal cap is sorted into two times, and after the metal cap is broken, the metal cap is first sorted to separate the metal object. And insulating resin; then the second sorting of the metal, separating the metal of copper, aluminum, iron and tungsten, and finally smelting to obtain the finished copper, aluminum, iron and tungsten.
  • the phosphor is directly recovered by filtration with a pressurized water gun to obtain a phosphor.
  • the phosphor is composed of a calcium halophosphate phosphor and a rare earth trichromatic phosphor, and the calcium halophosphate phosphor is in the chlorofluoroapatite matrix.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the method of the invention comprises disassembling the waste lamp tube, separating the waste glass tube, the metal cap, the phosphor and the mercury vapor, and then performing the following operations on them: 1) collecting the waste glass tube: Different sizes of glass tubes are cut into short glass tubes, which can be reused; 2) metal caps are collected: the used metal caps are collected, the metal caps are sorted, and the aluminum material is extracted; 3) fluorescent Powder collection: the phosphor in the lamp tube is scraped off and returned to the furnace for smelting to obtain the finished phosphor; 4) Mercury vapor collection: The mercury vapor is collected by a vacuum pump, and then the mercury vapor is fixed and liquefied to obtain mercury.
  • the method can realize the reuse of the waste lamp tube, realize the recovery of the glass tube, the metal cap, the phosphor and the mercury vapor, effectively control the environmental pollution of the waste lamp tube, and effectively recycle the resources.
  • a method for recycling waste lamps disassembling the used lamps, separating the waste glass tubes, metal caps, phosphors and mercury vapors, and then performing the following operations on them: 1) collection of used glass tubes: different specifications The glass tube is cut into short glass tubes, which can be reused; 2) metal cap collection: the waste metal caps are collected, the metal caps are sorted, and the aluminum material is extracted; 3) the phosphor collection : The phosphor in the lamp tube is scraped off and returned to the furnace for smelting to obtain the finished phosphor.
  • the high-purity phosphor is produced by remelting at a temperature of 200-800 ° C. More preferably, the temperature of the phosphor smelting is 400-600 ° C. 4) Collection of mercury vapor: The mercury vapor is collected by a vacuum pump, and then the mercury vapor is fixed and liquefied to obtain mercury.
  • the sorting of the metal cap in 2) is divided into two. After the metal cap is broken, the metal cap is first sorted to separate the metal object and the insulating resin; then the metal object is sorted a second time. The metal of copper, aluminum, iron and tungsten is separated and finally smelted to obtain the finished copper, aluminum, iron and tungsten.
  • the phosphor in 3) is composed of calcium halophosphate phosphor and rare earth trichromatic phosphor, which is a fluorescent powder prepared by mixing a small amount of activator cerium and manganese into the fluorochloroapatite matrix. Powder; rare earth elements in rare earth trichromatic phosphors can be used as a matrix component of fluorescent materials, and can also be used as activators, coactivators, sensitizers or dopants for fluorescent materials for various roads. Reflective markers and signage (office system night signage). Rare earth metals have an extremely important use and are an important part of contemporary high-tech new materials. Although China's rare earth resources are abundant, as a non-renewable resource, recycling is of great significance. The recycling and reuse of rare earth metals in waste fluorescent lamps not only makes full use of China's natural resources, but also conforms to the era of building an environment-friendly and resource-saving society.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

A recycle method for waste lamp tubes. The waste lamp tubes are disassembled to extract waste glass tubes, metal caps, fluorescent powder, and mercury vapor on which the following operations are performed. 1) Waste glass tube collection: the glass tubes of different specifications are cut into short glass tubes, and the short glass tubes can be recycled. 2) Metal cap collection: the waste metal caps are collected and sorted to extract aluminum. 3) Fluorescent powder collection: the fluorescent powder in the lamp tubes is scraped and melted down to obtain finished fluorescent powder. 4) Mercury vapor collection: the mercury vapor is collected through a vacuum pump, and then fixed and liquefied to obtain mercury. According to the method, the waste lamp tubes can be recycled, the glass tubes, the metal caps, the fluorescent powder, and the mercury vapor can be recycled, pollution to the environment from the waste lamp tubes can be effectively controlled, and the resources can be effectively recycled.

Description

一种废旧灯管的回收利用方法Method for recycling waste lamp 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于灯管照明技术领域，尤其涉及一种废旧灯管的回收利用方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of lamp illumination, and in particular relates to a recycling method of a waste lamp.
背景技术Background technique
目前我国日光灯灯管产量和使用量居世界首位,产生的旧汞灯和日光灯管达10多万t,其中绝大多数均随生活垃圾进入了垃圾填埋场,每年释出的汞及化合物数以百吨计,严重污染土壤和地下水源,慢性毒害人体健康。At present, the output and usage of fluorescent tubes in China ranks first in the world, and the generation of old mercury lamps and fluorescent tubes has reached more than 100,000 tons, most of which have entered the landfill with domestic garbage, and the annual release of mercury and compounds In terms of 100 tons, it seriously pollutes the soil and groundwater sources and chronically poisons human health.
据报道,2003年我国生产日光灯约10亿支,按平均含汞量30mg/支计,日光灯中含汞总量约30t.实际生产过程中所消耗的汞量远远大于这一数字.以40W的T 12直管日光灯为例,通过自动生产线注汞,需要注入20～40mg/支,加上工艺消耗,实际耗汞量为60～100mg/支.据此计算,我国日光灯生产的实际耗汞量平均为45～48mg/支,年产10亿支日光灯所消耗的汞量为45～48t。2007年,我国的日光灯产量已达15亿支,日光灯中的含汞总量将达70t,生产所消耗的汞量达到80t左右。与此同时,还要消耗铜3 000t,铝5 000t和钨60t。According to reports, in 2003, China produced about 1 billion fluorescent lamps. According to the average mercury content of 30 mg/r, the total amount of mercury contained in fluorescent lamps was about 30 t. The amount of mercury consumed in the actual production process was much larger than this figure. For example, the T 12 straight tube fluorescent lamp is injected into the automatic production line. It needs to be injected with 20-40 mg/piece, plus the process consumption. The actual mercury consumption is 60-100 mg/piece. According to this calculation, the actual mercury consumption of fluorescent lamp production in China is calculated. The average amount is 45 to 48 mg/piece, and the amount of mercury consumed per year for 1 billion fluorescent lamps is 45 to 48 tons. In 2007, China's fluorescent lamp production reached 1.5 billion, the total mercury content in fluorescent lamps will reach 70t, and the amount of mercury consumed in production will reach 80t. At the same time, it consumes 3 000 tons of copper, 5 000 tons of aluminum and 60 tons of tungsten.
国内现状，由于我国废旧灯管的回收利用刚刚起步,尚未完全树立废旧灯管的回收利用意识。大部分废旧灯管的处理方法通常是将灯管打破,然后用报纸包起来丟弃。此种做法是相当危险的,因为在日光灯管被打破的同时,灯管中的大部分汞蒸气就会溢散出来,一旦经由呼吸道进入人体,就会长存体内,伤害人体的神经***。目前,国内还没有***有效的处理废旧灯管的办法,很多危险废弃物处理单位都只是将其收集并集中存放；咨询有关环境保护部门,也没有明确的答复。目前有一家企业可以处理废旧灯管,但无外乎砸碎提炼出有用的金属, 对剩余的危害严重的残渣并不进行有效安全地处理。The current situation in China, as the recycling of used lamps in China has just started, the recycling awareness of used lamps has not yet been fully established. Most waste lamps are usually handled by breaking the tube and then wrapping it in a newspaper to discard it. This is quite dangerous because at the same time that the fluorescent tube is broken, most of the mercury vapor in the tube will overflow and once it enters the body through the respiratory tract, it will persist and harm the body's nervous system. At present, there is no systematic way to effectively dispose of used lamps in China. Many hazardous waste disposal units only collect and store them in a centralized manner; there is no clear answer to the relevant environmental protection departments. At present, there is a company that can handle used lamps, but nothing more than smashing and extracting useful metals. The remaining hazardous residues are not effectively and safely disposed of.
国外现状，国外废旧灯管的处理主要有直接破碎分离和切端吹扫分离两种工艺。直接破碎分离的特点是结构紧凑、占地面积小、投资少,但荧光粉和汞蒸汽不可再利用。而切端吹扫分离可有效地将可再回收利用的荧光粉分类收集,但投资较大。目前,为了推广绿色照明工程,减少环境污染,一些大型的照明企业已开始进行废旧灯管的回收工作。但是目前的回收对象还仅限于荧光灯使用量大的企业,并在主要经销商处设立回收站,这些公司正计划像回收旧电池一样,普及废旧日光灯的回收处理工作.但该措施也仅处于刚起步的阶段,尚没有形成成熟有效的体系。The status quo of foreign countries, the treatment of foreign waste lamps mainly include direct crushing separation and cutting end cleaning. The direct crushing separation is characterized by compact structure, small footprint and low investment, but the phosphor and mercury vapor can not be reused. The cut-end purge separation can effectively collect and collect the recyclable phosphors, but the investment is large. At present, in order to promote green lighting projects and reduce environmental pollution, some large lighting companies have begun to recycle used lamps. However, the current recycling target is limited to companies with large fluorescent lamps, and recycling stations are set up at major distributors. These companies are planning to recycle the recycling of used fluorescent lamps, just like recycling old batteries. At the beginning stage, there is no mature and effective system.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于：针对现有技术的不足，而提供一种废旧灯管的回收利用方法，该方法可实现废旧灯管的再次利用，实现了玻璃管、金属帽、荧光粉和汞蒸气的回收，有效地控制了废旧灯管对环境的污染,对资源进行了有效回收利用。The object of the present invention is to provide a recycling method for a waste lamp tube according to the deficiencies of the prior art, which can realize the reuse of the waste lamp tube and realize the glass tube, the metal cap, the phosphor and the mercury vapor. Recycling effectively controls the environmental pollution of used lamps and effectively recycles resources.
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种废旧灯管的回收利用方法，将废旧灯管进行拆卸，分离出废旧玻璃管、金属帽、荧光粉和汞蒸气，然后对它们进行如下操作：1)废旧玻璃管收集：将不同规格的玻璃管截断成短玻璃管，该短玻璃管可进行再次利用；2)金属帽的收集：将废旧的金属帽收集起来，对金属帽进行分选，提炼出铝材质；3)荧光粉的收集：将灯管内的荧光粉刮下来，回炉冶炼得到成品荧光粉；4)汞蒸气的收集：采用真空泵将汞蒸气收集起来，接着将汞蒸气固定液化得到汞。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a recycling method of a waste lamp tube, disassembling the used lamp tube, separating the waste glass tube, the metal cap, the phosphor and the mercury vapor, and then performing the following operations on them; : 1) Waste glass tube collection: Cut the glass tubes of different specifications into short glass tubes, which can be reused; 2) Collect metal caps: collect the used metal caps and sort the metal caps 3) Extracting the aluminum material; 3) Collecting the phosphor: scraping the phosphor in the tube and smelting it to obtain the finished phosphor; 4) Collecting the mercury vapor: collecting the mercury vapor by a vacuum pump, and then fixing the mercury vapor Liquefaction gives mercury.
作为本发明所述的废旧灯管的回收利用方法的一种改进，所述短玻璃管可再次制作成相同规格的玻璃管，实现玻璃管的再次利用。As an improvement of the recycling method of the used lamp tube according to the present invention, the short glass tube can be fabricated into a glass tube of the same specification to realize the reuse of the glass tube.
作为本发明所述的废旧灯管的回收利用方法的一种改进，废旧玻璃管收集还可以采用以下方式：将两端的所述金属帽裁切之后，对玻璃管进行直接清洁 可再次利用，解决LED眩光刺眼的问题，或者重新加入喷粉磨砂后直接用于LED灯管。As an improvement of the recycling method of the waste lamp tube of the present invention, the waste glass tube can also be collected in the following manner: after cutting the metal cap at both ends, the glass tube is directly cleaned. It can be reused to solve the problem of LED glare glare, or directly added to the LED tube after re-adding the powder scrub.
作为本发明所述的废旧灯管的回收利用方法的一种改进，所述金属帽的分选分为两次，在金属帽破碎后，对金属帽进行第一次分选，分离出金属物和绝缘树脂；接着对金属物进行第二次分选，分离出铜、铝、铁和钨的金属物，最后回冶炼得到成品铜、铝、铁和钨。As an improvement of the recycling method of the waste lamp tube of the present invention, the metal cap is sorted into two times, and after the metal cap is broken, the metal cap is first sorted to separate the metal object. And insulating resin; then the second sorting of the metal, separating the metal of copper, aluminum, iron and tungsten, and finally smelting to obtain the finished copper, aluminum, iron and tungsten.
作为本发明所述的废旧灯管的回收利用方法的一种改进，废旧玻璃管裁切之后，用加压水枪直接冲洗过滤回收得到荧光粉。As an improvement of the recycling method of the waste lamp tube of the present invention, after the waste glass tube is cut, the phosphor is directly recovered by filtration with a pressurized water gun to obtain a phosphor.
作为本发明所述的废旧灯管的回收利用方法的一种改进，所述荧光粉是卤磷酸钙荧光粉和稀土三基色荧光粉组成，卤磷酸钙荧光粉是在氟氯磷灰石基质中掺入少量的激活剂锑和锰以后制成的荧光粉；稀土三基色荧光粉中的稀土元素可以用作荧光发光材料的基质成分，也能用作荧光发光材料的激活剂、共激活剂、敏化剂或掺杂剂。As an improvement of the recycling method of the waste lamp tube of the present invention, the phosphor is composed of a calcium halophosphate phosphor and a rare earth trichromatic phosphor, and the calcium halophosphate phosphor is in the chlorofluoroapatite matrix. a phosphor prepared by incorporating a small amount of activator cerium and manganese; the rare earth element in the rare earth trichromatic phosphor can be used as a matrix component of the fluorescent luminescent material, and can also be used as an activator and coactivator of the fluorescent luminescent material, A sensitizer or dopant.
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明的方法包括，将废旧灯管进行拆卸，分离出废旧玻璃管、金属帽、荧光粉和汞蒸气，然后对它们进行如下操作：1)废旧玻璃管收集：将不同规格的玻璃管截断成短玻璃管，该短玻璃管可进行再次利用；2)金属帽的收集：将废旧的金属帽收集起来，对金属帽进行分选，提炼出铝材质；3)荧光粉的收集：将灯管内的荧光粉刮下来，回炉冶炼得到成品荧光粉；4)汞蒸气的收集：采用真空泵将汞蒸气收集起来，接着将汞蒸气固定液化得到汞。该方法可实现废旧灯管的再次利用，实现了玻璃管、金属帽、荧光粉和汞蒸气的回收，有效地控制了废旧灯管对环境的污染,对资源进行了有效回收利用。The invention has the beneficial effects that the method of the invention comprises disassembling the waste lamp tube, separating the waste glass tube, the metal cap, the phosphor and the mercury vapor, and then performing the following operations on them: 1) collecting the waste glass tube: Different sizes of glass tubes are cut into short glass tubes, which can be reused; 2) metal caps are collected: the used metal caps are collected, the metal caps are sorted, and the aluminum material is extracted; 3) fluorescent Powder collection: the phosphor in the lamp tube is scraped off and returned to the furnace for smelting to obtain the finished phosphor; 4) Mercury vapor collection: The mercury vapor is collected by a vacuum pump, and then the mercury vapor is fixed and liquefied to obtain mercury. The method can realize the reuse of the waste lamp tube, realize the recovery of the glass tube, the metal cap, the phosphor and the mercury vapor, effectively control the environmental pollution of the waste lamp tube, and effectively recycle the resources.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明及其有益效果进行详细说明，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。 The present invention and its beneficial effects are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
一种废旧灯管的回收利用方法，将废旧灯管进行拆卸，分离出废旧玻璃管、金属帽、荧光粉和汞蒸气，然后对它们进行如下操作：1)废旧玻璃管收集：将不同规格的玻璃管截断成短玻璃管，该短玻璃管可进行再次利用；2)金属帽的收集：将废旧的金属帽收集起来，对金属帽进行分选，提炼出铝材质；3)荧光粉的收集：将灯管内的荧光粉刮下来，回炉冶炼得到成品荧光粉，高纯度的荧光粉制作采用回炉冶炼的温度为200～800℃，更优的，荧光粉回炉冶炼的温度为400～600℃；4)汞蒸气的收集：采用真空泵将汞蒸气收集起来，接着将汞蒸气固定液化得到汞。A method for recycling waste lamps, disassembling the used lamps, separating the waste glass tubes, metal caps, phosphors and mercury vapors, and then performing the following operations on them: 1) collection of used glass tubes: different specifications The glass tube is cut into short glass tubes, which can be reused; 2) metal cap collection: the waste metal caps are collected, the metal caps are sorted, and the aluminum material is extracted; 3) the phosphor collection : The phosphor in the lamp tube is scraped off and returned to the furnace for smelting to obtain the finished phosphor. The high-purity phosphor is produced by remelting at a temperature of 200-800 ° C. More preferably, the temperature of the phosphor smelting is 400-600 ° C. 4) Collection of mercury vapor: The mercury vapor is collected by a vacuum pump, and then the mercury vapor is fixed and liquefied to obtain mercury.
其中，2)中的金属帽的分选分为两次，在金属帽破碎后，对金属帽进行第一次分选，分离出金属物和绝缘树脂；接着对金属物进行第二次分选，分离出铜、铝、铁和钨的金属物，最后回冶炼得到成品铜、铝、铁和钨。Wherein, the sorting of the metal cap in 2) is divided into two. After the metal cap is broken, the metal cap is first sorted to separate the metal object and the insulating resin; then the metal object is sorted a second time. The metal of copper, aluminum, iron and tungsten is separated and finally smelted to obtain the finished copper, aluminum, iron and tungsten.
其中，3)中的荧光粉是卤磷酸钙荧光粉和稀土三基色荧光粉组成，卤磷酸钙荧光粉是在氟氯磷灰石基质中掺入少量的激活剂锑和锰以后制成的荧光粉；稀土三基色荧光粉中的稀土元素可以用作荧光发光材料的基质成分，也能用作荧光发光材料的激活剂、共激活剂、敏化剂或掺杂剂，用于各种道路的反光标记和标识牌(办公***夜用标识牌)。稀土金属具有极为重要的用途，是当代高科技新材料的重要组成部分。尽管我国稀土资源较为丰富，但是作为不可再生资源，循环使用意义重大。对废旧荧光灯灯管中稀土金属的回收再利用，不但使我国的自然资源得到充分的利用，又符合建设环境友好型、资源节约型社会的时代背景。Among them, the phosphor in 3) is composed of calcium halophosphate phosphor and rare earth trichromatic phosphor, which is a fluorescent powder prepared by mixing a small amount of activator cerium and manganese into the fluorochloroapatite matrix. Powder; rare earth elements in rare earth trichromatic phosphors can be used as a matrix component of fluorescent materials, and can also be used as activators, coactivators, sensitizers or dopants for fluorescent materials for various roads. Reflective markers and signage (office system night signage). Rare earth metals have an extremely important use and are an important part of contemporary high-tech new materials. Although China's rare earth resources are abundant, as a non-renewable resource, recycling is of great significance. The recycling and reuse of rare earth metals in waste fluorescent lamps not only makes full use of China's natural resources, but also conforms to the era of building an environment-friendly and resource-saving society.
根据上述说明书的揭示和教导，本发明所属领域的技术人员还能够对上述实施方式进行变更和修改。因此，本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，凡是本领域技术人员在本发明的基础上所作出的任何显而易见的改进、替换或变型均属于本发明的保护范围。此外，尽管本说明书中使用了一些特定的术语，但这些术语只是为了方便说明，并不对本发明构成任何限制。 Variations and modifications of the above-described embodiments can also be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above disclosure. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and any obvious modifications, substitutions or variations made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the scope of the present invention. In addition, although specific terms are used in the specification, these terms are merely for convenience of description and do not limit the invention.

Claims (6)

  1. 一种废旧灯管的回收利用方法，其特征在于，将废旧灯管进行拆卸，分离出废旧玻璃管、金属帽、荧光粉和汞蒸气，然后对它们进行如下操作：1)废旧玻璃管收集：将不同规格的玻璃管截断成短玻璃管，该短玻璃管可进行再次利用；2)金属帽的收集：将废旧的金属帽收集起来，对金属帽进行分选，提炼出铝材质；3)荧光粉的收集：将灯管内的荧光粉刮下来，回炉冶炼得到成品荧光粉；4)汞蒸气的收集：采用真空泵将汞蒸气收集起来，接着将汞蒸气固定液化得到汞。A recycling method of a waste lamp tube, characterized in that the used lamp tube is disassembled, the waste glass tube, the metal cap, the phosphor and the mercury vapor are separated, and then the following operations are performed: 1) the waste glass tube is collected: Cut the glass tubes of different specifications into short glass tubes, which can be reused; 2) Collect metal caps: collect the scrap metal caps, sort the metal caps, and extract the aluminum material; 3) Phosphor collection: The phosphor in the tube is scraped off and returned to the furnace for smelting to obtain the finished phosphor. 4) Mercury vapor collection: The mercury vapor is collected by a vacuum pump, and then the mercury vapor is fixed and liquefied to obtain mercury.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的废旧灯管的回收利用方法，其特征在于：所述短玻璃管可再次制作成相同规格的玻璃管，实现玻璃管的再次利用。The recycling method of the used lamp tube according to claim 1, wherein the short glass tube can be fabricated into a glass tube of the same specification to realize reuse of the glass tube.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的废旧灯管的回收利用方法，其特征在于，废旧玻璃管收集还可以采用以下方式：将两端的所述金属帽裁切之后，对玻璃管进行直接清洁可再次利用，或者重新加入喷粉磨砂后直接用于LED灯管。The recycling method of the waste lamp tube according to claim 1, wherein the waste glass tube can be collected in the following manner: after the metal caps at both ends are cut, the glass tube can be directly cleaned and reused. Or re-add the powder to the frosted sand and use it directly for the LED tube.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的废旧灯管的回收利用方法，其特征在于：所述金属帽的分选分为两次，在金属帽破碎后，对金属帽进行第一次分选，分离出金属物和绝缘树脂；接着对金属物进行第二次分选，分离出铜、铝、铁和钨的金属物，最后回冶炼得到成品铜、铝、铁和钨。The recycling method of the used lamp tube according to claim 1, wherein the metal cap is sorted into two times, and after the metal cap is broken, the metal cap is first sorted to separate the metal. And the insulating resin; then the second sorting of the metal, separating the metal of copper, aluminum, iron and tungsten, and finally smelting to obtain the finished copper, aluminum, iron and tungsten.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的废旧灯管的回收利用方法，其特征在于：废旧玻璃管裁切之后，用加压水枪直接冲洗过滤回收得到荧光粉。The recycling method of the used lamp tube according to claim 1, wherein after the waste glass tube is cut, the phosphor is directly washed and recovered by a pressurized water gun to obtain a phosphor.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的废旧灯管的回收利用方法，其特征在于：所述荧光粉是卤磷酸钙荧光粉和稀土三基色荧光粉组成，卤磷酸钙荧光粉是在氟氯磷灰石基质中掺入少量的激活剂锑和锰以后制成的荧光粉；稀土三基色荧光粉中的稀土元素可以用作荧光发光材料的基质成分，也能用作荧光发光材料的激活剂、共激活剂、敏化剂或掺杂剂。 The recycling method of the waste lamp tube according to claim 5, wherein the phosphor is composed of a calcium halophosphate phosphor and a rare earth trichromatic phosphor, and the calcium halophosphate phosphor is in the chlorofluoroapatite matrix. A phosphor prepared by incorporating a small amount of activator cerium and manganese; the rare earth element in the rare earth trichromatic phosphor can be used as a matrix component of a fluorescent luminescent material, and can also be used as an activator and coactivator of a fluorescent luminescent material. , sensitizer or dopant.
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