CN108288577B - Fluorescent lamp tube recycling method and equipment thereof - Google Patents

Fluorescent lamp tube recycling method and equipment thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108288577B
CN108288577B CN201710668377.8A CN201710668377A CN108288577B CN 108288577 B CN108288577 B CN 108288577B CN 201710668377 A CN201710668377 A CN 201710668377A CN 108288577 B CN108288577 B CN 108288577B
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fluorescent
vibrating screen
mercury
fluorescent powder
glass
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CN108288577A (en
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李忠国
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Lanzhou University
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Lanzhou University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/52Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/60Glass recycling
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/82Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]

Abstract

The invention discloses a fluorescent lamp tube recycling method and equipment thereof, belongs to the technical field of waste resource utilization. The mercury recovery device is used for harmless recovery of mercury in the waste fluorescent lamp, a large-hole vibrating screen is used for separating metal and plastic objects, a small-hole vibrating screen is used for separating broken glass, and a glass powder collecting plate is used for collecting glass powder mixed with fluorescent powder. The recovery method and the equipment for the fluorescent lamp tube are more thorough in recovery of the waste fluorescent lamp tube, and the recovery treatment method is good in environmental protection, and realizes automation of operation and automatic classification and sorting of materials.

Description

Fluorescent lamp tube recycling method and equipment thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fluorescent lamp tube recycling method and equipment thereof, belonging to the technical field of waste recycling.
Background
Fluorescent lamps are gas discharge lamps in which mercury is present as a gas discharge medium. After the discarded fluorescent lamp tube is broken, mercury vapor is immediately emitted to the surrounding, and the mercury concentration in the surrounding air can reach 10-2O mg/cubic meter instantaneously. When the waste fluorescent lamp tube is not treated or is not treated and treated properly, harmful mercury can enter the human body through skin, breath or food, and the harmful mercury is extremely harmful to human health.
The existing disposal modes of the waste fluorescent lamp tube mainly comprise a vulcanizing landfill method, an incineration method and a recycling method. Wherein the recycling method is commonly used. Recycling methods are divided into wet separation and dry separation:
1. the wet separation technology mainly comprises the following steps: (1) The lamp tube cleaned by the cleaning agent and the water is put into acetone solution, the lamp cap is perforated, then the lamp cap is cut off, the aluminum cap and the glass solder of the lamp cap are separated, and the tungsten wire and the copper-nickel guide wire of the stem are separated. (2) The glass tube is cleaned after the phosphor is wiped off and cut to a standard length, and the phosphor is filtered and dried. (3) The aluminum cap is treated in molten sodium chloride/carbon to obtain pure aluminum, the copper-nickel guide wire is treated in molten sodium borate/carbon to obtain copper-nickel alloy, and finally the slag is pickled with hydrochloric acid to obtain chloride.
2. Dry separation is also divided into resolution recovery techniques and "cut end purge separation" techniques. (1) The resolution recovery technology comprises the following steps: the disassembly and recovery technology comprises the steps of firstly disassembling components such as a head (or a base) of a fluorescent lamp and a lamp tube (bulb), blowing out fluorescent powder by high-speed airflow, and recovering the fluorescent powder; the glass tube is directly recycled or is subjected to crushing and hot air flow treatment; crushing, separating and recycling metal from the rail (or the base); after distillation of the mercury-containing fluorescent powder, mercury-containing gas (including air) flows are purified by activated carbon to recover mercury, and the mercury is reused after refining. (2) The process of cutting end, blowing and separating includes cutting off the ends of the lamp tube, blowing high pressure air to blow out fluorescent powder containing mercury, collecting, and recovering mercury in vacuum heater to obtain mercury product with purity of 99.9%. And (5) crushing the fluorescent powder blown off lamp tube and recycling.
At present, corresponding patent technologies exist in the aspect of fluorescent lamp recycling in China, the patent of 'method and device for harmless treatment and recycling of mercury in waste fluorescent lamps' with application number of 200810067282.1 and the patent of 'method for recycling waste fluorescent lamps' with application number of 200910040727.1.
The method and the device for harmless treatment and recycling of the mercury in the waste fluorescent lamp tube and the method for recycling the mercury in the waste fluorescent lamp tube are all dry recycling treatments, but the emphasis is different. The method is limited to harmless recovery of mercury in the waste fluorescent lamps, and recovery of the fluorescent powder, glass and metal is not mentioned, and the harmless recovery of mercury is limited to the reaction of mercury and elemental sulfur to generate sulfides. Meanwhile, because the fluorescent lamp metal contains a large amount of non-magnetic metals (aluminum, copper) besides the magnetic metal (iron), the purpose of completely separating the metal from the glass is not necessarily achieved by using the magnetic separator. In addition, during the breaking process of the fluorescent tube, the generated glass powder is easy to mix into the fluorescent powder, and the recovery of the fluorescent powder is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method and a device for recycling fluorescent tubes, which can recycle waste fluorescent tubes more thoroughly and has good environmental protection.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means:
the invention relates to fluorescent tube recovery equipment which comprises a rubber grab bucket, a hammer crusher, a conveying belt, a large-hole vibrating screen and a fluorescent powder collector, wherein a fluorescent tube feeding hole is formed in the lower portion of the rubber grab bucket, the fluorescent tube feeding hole is communicated with the hammer crusher, the hammer crusher is communicated with a mercury recovery device through a mercury recovery header pipe, the hammer crusher is communicated with a heating mercury steaming device, a screw rod is arranged on the heating mercury steaming device, an outlet of the heating mercury steaming device is arranged above the conveying belt, the upper end of the conveying belt is connected with the large-hole vibrating screen, the lower end of the large-hole vibrating screen is connected with a chute, a metal and plastic collecting box is connected below the chute, a first blanking hole is formed in the lower portion of the large-hole vibrating screen, the first blanking hole is connected to a glass dry cleaner, a second blanking hole is formed in the glass dry cleaner, the lower end of the small-hole vibrating screen is connected to the glass collecting box, a third blanking hole is formed in the lower portion of the small-hole vibrating screen, an outlet of the heating mercury steaming device is arranged, an outlet of the heating glass vibrating screen is arranged above the small-hole vibrating screen is connected with a circulating fan, the bottom of the fluorescent powder collecting fan is connected with a glass collecting nozzle, the bottom of the fluorescent powder collecting fan is connected with a glass discharging valve, and a collecting valve is arranged in the glass discharging valve is connected with the bottom of the glass collecting valve.
A fluorescent tube recovery method comprises the following steps:
1) Filling a rubber grab bucket for the waste fluorescent lamp tube into a hammer crusher through a fluorescent lamp tube feeding port, crushing the waste fluorescent lamp tube under a negative pressure state, and enabling released mercury vapor to enter a mercury recovery device through a mercury recovery header;
2) The broken fluorescent lamp mixture passes through a heating mercury steaming device with the temperature of 500-550 ℃ and is uniformly distributed on a conveying belt under the pushing of a screw rod, and is scattered on a large-hole vibrating screen by the conveying belt;
3) The fluorescent lamp mixture is subjected to vibration separation through a large-hole vibrating screen, the oversize materials enter a metal and plastic recovery box through a chute, the undersize materials enter a glass dry cleaner through a first blanking port, the glass and fluorescent powder mixture subjected to dry cleaning of the glass dry cleaner is scattered on the small-hole vibrating screen through a second blanking port, after the vibration separation, the oversize materials enter a glass collecting box, and the undersize materials enter a fluorescent powder collector through a third blanking port;
4) After materials in the fluorescent powder collector enter the air circulation pipe, circulating air driven by a fan enters a heating area, the temperature of the heating area is 850-1000 ℃, the materials heated by a heating sleeve are sprayed to a glass powder collecting plate through a nozzle, glass is adhered to the glass powder collecting plate, fluorescent powder is deposited at a fluorescent powder collecting port after cyclone separation, a discharging valve is opened after a certain amount of the fluorescent powder is deposited, and the fluorescent powder is discharged into a fluorescent powder collecting box;
5) The circulating air with a small amount of fluorescent powder after cyclone separation enters the air circulating pipe through the air collecting port of the cloth bag after being filtered, and is recycled.
The rubber grab bucket takes steel as a framework, and is finger-shaped grab bucket with soft rubber lined outside.
The mercury recovery device is an inclined metal fiber net plate recovery box.
The large-hole vibrating screen is 10 meshes, the small-hole vibrating screen is 200 meshes, the fluorescent powder collector is a conical collecting container, a spiral pusher is arranged at the bottom of the fluorescent powder collector, and fluorescent powder enters the air circulation pipe through the spiral pusher 1.
The heating sleeve is a tubular resistance furnace, the circulating air pipe is connected with the inner pipe of the heating sleeve to form a circulating air channel, the glass collecting plate is movable and detachable, and the valve is a butterfly valve.
And the mercury recovery device is provided with an exhaust pipe.
The large-hole vibrating screen forms an angle of 10-45 degrees with the ground, and the small-hole vibrating screen forms an angle of 10-45 degrees with the ground.
The heating mercury steaming device is a rotary resistance furnace, and a sulfur filler absorption plate is arranged on the side edge of the mercury recycling device.
The interior of the hammer crusher is in a negative pressure state.
According to the invention, classification and separation of different materials are realized through vibrating screens with different apertures, meanwhile, a hammer crusher is adopted for crushing, the hammer crusher is in a negative pressure state, so that the escape of mercury can be avoided, the hammer crusher is communicated with a mercury recovery device through a mercury recovery header pipe, the recovery of mercury is realized, a sulfur filler absorption plate is arranged on the side edge of the mercury recovery device, and stable mercury sulfide can be generated by utilizing mercury and sulfur to realize the fixation of mercury.
Through the large-hole vibrating screen, the separation of fluorescent powder, glass, metal and plastic is realized, and then through the small-hole vibrating screen, the separation of glass and fluorescent powder is realized.
The whole device completely realizes automation from feeding to crushing and sorting, the treatment efficiency is high.
The method and the device for recycling the fluorescent tube provided by the invention adopt the mercury recycling device to recycle mercury in the waste fluorescent lamp harmlessly, adopt the large-hole vibrating screen to separate metal and plastic substances, broken glass is separated by adopting a small-hole vibrating screen, and glass powder mixed with fluorescent powder is collected by adopting a glass powder collecting plate, so that the technical effects of more complete recovery and environmental protection of the waste fluorescent lamp tube are achieved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Realizes the automatic treatment of the waste fluorescent lamp tube and has high treatment efficiency.
(2) The automatic sorting and classifying of the components such as fluorescent powder, glass, metal and plastic are realized.
(3) Realizes the complete recovery and harmless treatment of mercury.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the hammer crusher of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mercury recovery apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a phosphor collector according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4: the utility model provides a fluorescent tube recovery plant of this embodiment, it includes rubber grab 1, hammer crusher 3, conveyer belt 7, large pore vibrating screen 8 and fluorescent powder collector 16, rubber grab 1's below is provided with fluorescent tube feed inlet 2, fluorescent tube feed inlet 2 and hammer crusher 3 intercommunication, hammer crusher 3 passes through mercury recovery header 4 and mercury recovery unit 5 intercommunication, hammer crusher 3 and heating mercury distillation unit 28 intercommunication, be provided with screw 301 on the heating mercury distillation unit 28, heating mercury distillation unit 28's export is in setting up in the top of conveyer belt 7, the upper end of conveyer belt 7 is connected with large pore vibrating screen 8, large pore vibrating screen 8's lower extreme is connected with chute 10, chute 10 below is connected with metal and plastics collecting box 12, the below of large pore vibrating screen 8 is provided with first feed opening 9, first feed opening 9 is connected to glass dry cleaner 11, be provided with second feed opening 13 on the glass dry cleaner 11, second feed opening 13 sets up in the top of small pore vibrating screen 14, be provided with screw 301 on the heating mercury distillation unit 28, heating mercury distillation unit 28's export is provided with the circulating pipe, the upper end of small pore vibrating screen 14 is provided with screw 301, the circulating pipe is provided with three-port 20 and is connected with three-port nozzles 23, the fluorescent powder collecting fan 25 are connected with the glass powder collecting sleeve 16, the three-port is provided with the air blower 25, the three-hole vibrating screen 16 is connected with the fluorescent powder collecting nozzle 25, the fluorescent powder collecting sleeve is provided with the air duct 25, the bottom is connected with the collecting valve 25, the fluorescent powder collecting valve is provided with the three-port is connected with the air nozzle 25, and is connected with the fluorescent powder collecting valve 25.
A fluorescent tube recovery method comprises the following steps:
1) The rubber grab bucket 1 for the waste fluorescent lamp tube is put into the hammer crusher 3 through the fluorescent lamp tube feeding port 2, so that the waste fluorescent lamp tube is crushed under the negative pressure state, and released mercury vapor enters the mercury recovery device 5 through the mercury recovery header 4;
2) The broken fluorescent lamp mixture passes through a heating mercury steaming device 28 with the temperature of 500-550 ℃ and is evenly distributed on a conveyer belt 7 under the pushing of a screw rod 301, and is scattered on a macroporous vibrating screen 8 by the conveyer belt 7;
3) The fluorescent lamp mixture is subjected to vibration separation through a large-hole vibrating screen 8, the oversize material enters a metal and plastic recovery box 12 through a chute 10, the undersize material enters a glass dry cleaner 11 through a first blanking opening 9, the glass and fluorescent powder mixture after the glass dry cleaner 11 is dry-cleaned is scattered on a small-hole vibrating screen 14 through a second blanking opening 13, the oversize material enters a glass collecting box 27 after the vibration separation, and the undersize material enters a fluorescent powder collector 16 through a third blanking opening 15;
4) After the materials in the fluorescent powder collector 16 enter the air circulation pipe 26, circulating air driven by the fan 25 enters the heating area, the temperature of the heating area is 850-1000 ℃, the materials heated by the heating sleeve 22 are sprayed to the glass powder collecting plate 18 through the nozzle 19, glass is adhered to the glass powder collecting plate 18, fluorescent powder is deposited at the fluorescent powder collecting opening 21 after cyclone separation, after a certain amount of fluorescent powder is deposited, the discharging valve 23 is opened, and the fluorescent powder is discharged into the fluorescent powder collecting box 24;
5) The circulating air with a small amount of fluorescent powder after cyclone separation enters the air circulating pipe 26 through the cloth bag air collecting port 17 after being filtered for recycling.
The rubber grab bucket 1 is a finger-shaped grab bucket which takes steel as a framework and is externally lined with soft rubber.
The mercury recovery device 5 is an inclined metal fiber net plate recovery box.
The large-hole vibrating screen 8 is 10 meshes, the small-hole vibrating screen 14 is 200 meshes, the fluorescent powder collector 16 is a conical collecting container, the bottom of the phosphor collector 16 is provided with a screw pusher 1601, and the phosphor enters the air circulation pipe 26 through the screw pusher 1601.
The heating sleeve 22 is a tubular resistance furnace, the circulating air pipe 26 is connected with the inner pipe of the heating sleeve 22 to form a circulating air channel, the glass collecting plate 18 is movable and detachable, and the valve 23 is a butterfly valve.
The mercury recovery device 5 is provided with an exhaust pipe 6.
The large-hole vibrating screen 8 forms an angle of 10-45 degrees with the ground, and the small-hole vibrating screen 14 forms an angle of 10-45 degrees with the ground.
The heating mercury steaming device 28 is a rotary resistance furnace, and a sulfur filler absorbing plate 501 is arranged on the side edge of the mercury recycling device 5.
Example 1
The utility model provides a fluorescent tube recovery plant, it includes rubber grab 1, hammer crusher 3, conveyer belt 7, large pore vibrating screen 8 and fluorescent powder collector 16, the below of rubber grab 1 is provided with fluorescent tube feed inlet 2, fluorescent tube feed inlet 2 and hammer crusher 3 intercommunication, hammer crusher 3 passes through mercury recovery header 4 and mercury recovery unit 5 intercommunication, hammer crusher 3 and heating evaporate mercury device 28 intercommunication, be provided with hob 301 on the heating evaporate mercury device 28, the export of heating evaporate mercury device 28 is in setting up in the top of conveyer belt 7, the upper end of conveyer belt 7 is connected with large pore vibrating screen 8, the lower extreme of large pore vibrating screen 8 is connected with chute 10, chute 10 below is connected with metal and plastics collecting box 12, the below of large pore vibrating screen 8 is provided with first feed inlet 9, first feed inlet 9 is connected to glass dry cleaner 11, be provided with second feed inlet 13 on the glass dry cleaner 11, second feed inlet 13 is provided with the top of small pore vibrating screen 14, be provided with hob 27, be provided with three-port connection glass sieve 15 and three-layer glass blower nozzles 23, the fluorescent powder collecting fan 25 is connected with the collecting channel 16, the three-layer of vibrating screen 20 is provided with the fluorescent powder collecting channel 20, the tip 25 is connected with three-layer of air blower nozzles 23, the bottom of collecting channel 16 is provided with fluorescent powder collecting channel 16, the three-layer of air duct 16 is provided with the fluorescent powder collecting channel 20, the bottom is provided with the fluorescent powder collecting channel 20.
A fluorescent tube recovery method comprises the following steps:
1) The rubber grab bucket 1 for the waste fluorescent lamp tube is put into the hammer crusher 3 through the fluorescent lamp tube feeding port 2, so that the waste fluorescent lamp tube is crushed under the negative pressure state, and released mercury vapor enters the mercury recovery device 5 through the mercury recovery header 4;
2) The broken fluorescent lamp mixture passes through a heating mercury steaming device 28 with the temperature of 525 ℃ and is evenly distributed on the conveyer belt 7 under the pushing of the screw rod 301, and is scattered on the large-hole vibrating screen 8 by the conveyer belt 7;
3) The fluorescent lamp mixture is subjected to vibration separation through a large-hole vibrating screen 8, the oversize material enters a metal and plastic recovery box 12 through a chute 10, the undersize material enters a glass dry cleaner 11 through a first blanking opening 9, the glass and fluorescent powder mixture after the glass dry cleaner 11 is dry-cleaned is scattered on a small-hole vibrating screen 14 through a second blanking opening 13, the oversize material enters a glass collecting box 27 after the vibration separation, and the undersize material enters a fluorescent powder collector 16 through a third blanking opening 15;
4) After the materials in the fluorescent powder collector 16 enter the air circulation pipe 26, circulating air driven by the fan 25 enters the heating area, the temperature of the heating area is 950 ℃, the materials heated by the heating sleeve 22 are sprayed to the glass powder collecting plate 18 through the nozzle 19, glass is adhered to the glass powder collecting plate 18, fluorescent powder is deposited at the fluorescent powder collecting port 21 after cyclone separation, after a certain amount of fluorescent powder is deposited, the discharging valve 23 is opened, and the fluorescent powder is discharged into the fluorescent powder collecting box 24;
5) The circulating air with a small amount of fluorescent powder after cyclone separation enters the air circulating pipe 26 through the cloth bag air collecting port 17 after being filtered for recycling.
The rubber grab bucket 1 is a finger-shaped grab bucket which takes steel as a framework and is externally lined with soft rubber.
The mercury recovery device 5 is an inclined metal fiber net plate recovery box.
The large-hole vibrating screen 8 is 10 meshes, the small-hole vibrating screen 14 is 200 meshes, the fluorescent powder collector 16 is a conical collecting container, a spiral pusher 1601 is arranged at the bottom of the fluorescent powder collector 16, and fluorescent powder enters the air circulation pipe 26 through the spiral pusher 1601.
The heating sleeve 22 is a tubular resistance furnace, the circulating air pipe 26 is connected with the inner pipe of the heating sleeve 22 to form a circulating air channel, the glass collecting plate 18 is movable and detachable, and the valve 23 is a butterfly valve.
The mercury recovery device 5 is provided with an exhaust pipe 6.
The large-hole vibrating screen 8 forms an angle of 35 degrees with the ground, and the small-hole vibrating screen 14 forms an angle of 35 degrees with the ground.
The heating mercury steaming device 28 is a rotary resistance furnace, and a sulfur filler absorbing plate 501 is arranged on the side edge of the mercury recycling device 5.
The recovery rate of each component of the final waste fluorescent tube is as follows:
example 2
The utility model provides a fluorescent tube recovery plant, it includes rubber grab 1, hammer crusher 3, conveyer belt 7, large pore vibrating screen 8 and fluorescent powder collector 16, the below of rubber grab 1 is provided with fluorescent tube feed inlet 2, fluorescent tube feed inlet 2 and hammer crusher 3 intercommunication, hammer crusher 3 passes through mercury recovery header 4 and mercury recovery unit 5 intercommunication, hammer crusher 3 and heating evaporate mercury device 28 intercommunication, be provided with hob 301 on the heating evaporate mercury device 28, the export of heating evaporate mercury device 28 is in setting up in the top of conveyer belt 7, the upper end of conveyer belt 7 is connected with large pore vibrating screen 8, the lower extreme of large pore vibrating screen 8 is connected with chute 10, chute 10 below is connected with metal and plastics collecting box 12, the below of large pore vibrating screen 8 is provided with first feed inlet 9, first feed inlet 9 is connected to glass dry cleaner 11, be provided with second feed inlet 13 on the glass dry cleaner 11, second feed inlet 13 is provided with the top of small pore vibrating screen 14, be provided with hob 27, be provided with three-port connection glass sieve 15 and three-layer glass blower nozzles 23, the fluorescent powder collecting fan 25 is connected with the collecting channel 16, the three-layer of vibrating screen 20 is provided with the fluorescent powder collecting channel 20, the tip 25 is connected with three-layer of air blower nozzles 23, the bottom of collecting channel 16 is provided with fluorescent powder collecting channel 16, the three-layer of air duct 16 is provided with the fluorescent powder collecting channel 20, the bottom is provided with the fluorescent powder collecting channel 20.
A fluorescent tube recovery method comprises the following steps:
1) The rubber grab bucket 1 for the waste fluorescent lamp tube is put into the hammer crusher 3 through the fluorescent lamp tube feeding port 2, so that the waste fluorescent lamp tube is crushed under the negative pressure state, and released mercury vapor enters the mercury recovery device 5 through the mercury recovery header 4;
2) The broken fluorescent lamp mixture passes through a heating mercury steaming device 28 at the temperature of 515 ℃, is uniformly distributed on the conveyer belt 7 under the pushing of the screw rod 301, and is scattered on the large-hole vibrating screen 8 by the conveyer belt 7;
3) The fluorescent lamp mixture is subjected to vibration separation through a large-hole vibrating screen 8, the oversize material enters a metal and plastic recovery box 12 through a chute 10, the undersize material enters a glass dry cleaner 11 through a first blanking opening 9, the glass and fluorescent powder mixture after the glass dry cleaner 11 is dry-cleaned is scattered on a small-hole vibrating screen 14 through a second blanking opening 13, the oversize material enters a glass collecting box 27 after the vibration separation, and the undersize material enters a fluorescent powder collector 16 through a third blanking opening 15;
4) After the materials in the fluorescent powder collector 16 enter the air circulation pipe 26, circulating air driven by the fan 25 enters the heating area, the temperature of the heating area is 900 ℃, the materials heated by the heating sleeve 22 are sprayed to the glass powder collecting plate 18 through the nozzle 19, glass is adhered to the glass powder collecting plate 18, fluorescent powder is deposited at the fluorescent powder collecting port 21 after cyclone separation, after a certain amount of fluorescent powder is deposited, the discharging valve 23 is opened, and the fluorescent powder is discharged into the fluorescent powder collecting box 24;
5) The circulating air with a small amount of fluorescent powder after cyclone separation enters the air circulating pipe 26 through the cloth bag air collecting port 17 after being filtered for recycling.
The rubber grab bucket 1 is a finger-shaped grab bucket which takes steel as a framework and is externally lined with soft rubber.
The mercury recovery device 5 is an inclined metal fiber net plate recovery box.
The large-hole vibrating screen 8 is 10 meshes, the small-hole vibrating screen 14 is 200 meshes, the fluorescent powder collector 16 is a conical collecting container, a spiral pusher 1601 is arranged at the bottom of the fluorescent powder collector 16, and fluorescent powder enters the air circulation pipe 26 through the spiral pusher 1601.
The heating sleeve 22 is a tubular resistance furnace, the circulating air pipe 26 is connected with the inner pipe of the heating sleeve 22 to form a circulating air channel, the glass collecting plate 18 is movable and detachable, and the valve 23 is a butterfly valve.
The mercury recovery device 5 is provided with an exhaust pipe 6.
The large-hole vibrating screen 8 forms an angle of 25 degrees with the ground, and the small-hole vibrating screen 14 forms an angle of 35 degrees with the ground.
The heating mercury steaming device 28 is a rotary resistance furnace, and a sulfur filler absorbing plate 501 is arranged on the side edge of the mercury recycling device 5.
The recovery rate of each component of the final waste fluorescent tube is as follows:
mercury Plastics and metals Glass Fluorescent powder
Recovery rate 99.95% 98.7% 99.2% 97.4%
Purity of 99.95% 98.7% 99% 98.3%
Example 3
The utility model provides a fluorescent tube recovery plant, it includes rubber grab 1, hammer crusher 3, conveyer belt 7, large pore vibrating screen 8 and fluorescent powder collector 16, the below of rubber grab 1 is provided with fluorescent tube feed inlet 2, fluorescent tube feed inlet 2 and hammer crusher 3 intercommunication, hammer crusher 3 passes through mercury recovery header 4 and mercury recovery unit 5 intercommunication, hammer crusher 3 and heating evaporate mercury device 28 intercommunication, be provided with hob 301 on the heating evaporate mercury device 28, the export of heating evaporate mercury device 28 is in setting up in the top of conveyer belt 7, the upper end of conveyer belt 7 is connected with large pore vibrating screen 8, the lower extreme of large pore vibrating screen 8 is connected with chute 10, chute 10 below is connected with metal and plastics collecting box 12, the below of large pore vibrating screen 8 is provided with first feed inlet 9, first feed inlet 9 is connected to glass dry cleaner 11, be provided with second feed inlet 13 on the glass dry cleaner 11, second feed inlet 13 is provided with the top of small pore vibrating screen 14, be provided with hob 27, be provided with three-port connection glass sieve 15 and three-layer glass blower nozzles 23, the fluorescent powder collecting fan 25 is connected with the collecting channel 16, the three-layer of vibrating screen 20 is provided with the fluorescent powder collecting channel 20, the tip 25 is connected with three-layer of air blower nozzles 23, the bottom of collecting channel 16 is provided with fluorescent powder collecting channel 16, the three-layer of air duct 16 is provided with the fluorescent powder collecting channel 20, the bottom is provided with the fluorescent powder collecting channel 20.
A fluorescent tube recovery method comprises the following steps:
1) The rubber grab bucket 1 for the waste fluorescent lamp tube is put into the hammer crusher 3 through the fluorescent lamp tube feeding port 2, so that the waste fluorescent lamp tube is crushed under the negative pressure state, and released mercury vapor enters the mercury recovery device 5 through the mercury recovery header 4;
2) The broken fluorescent lamp mixture passes through a heating mercury steaming device 28 with the temperature of 535 ℃ and is evenly distributed on the conveyer belt 7 under the pushing of the screw rod 301, and is scattered on the large-hole vibrating screen 8 by the conveyer belt 7;
3) The fluorescent lamp mixture is subjected to vibration separation through a large-hole vibrating screen 8, the oversize material enters a metal and plastic recovery box 12 through a chute 10, the undersize material enters a glass dry cleaner 11 through a first blanking opening 9, the glass and fluorescent powder mixture after the glass dry cleaner 11 is dry-cleaned is scattered on a small-hole vibrating screen 14 through a second blanking opening 13, the oversize material enters a glass collecting box 27 after the vibration separation, and the undersize material enters a fluorescent powder collector 16 through a third blanking opening 15;
4) After the materials in the fluorescent powder collector 16 enter the air circulation pipe 26, circulating air driven by the fan 25 enters the heating area, the temperature of the heating area is 930 ℃, the materials heated by the heating sleeve 22 are sprayed to the glass powder collecting plate 18 through the nozzle 19, glass is adhered to the glass powder collecting plate 18, fluorescent powder is deposited at the fluorescent powder collecting port 21 after cyclone separation, after a certain amount of fluorescent powder is deposited, the discharging valve 23 is opened, and the fluorescent powder is discharged into the fluorescent powder collecting box 24;
5) The circulating air with a small amount of fluorescent powder after cyclone separation enters the air circulating pipe 26 through the cloth bag air collecting port 17 after being filtered for recycling.
The rubber grab bucket 1 is a finger-shaped grab bucket which takes steel as a framework and is externally lined with soft rubber.
The mercury recovery device 5 is an inclined metal fiber net plate recovery box.
The large-hole vibrating screen 8 is 10 meshes, the small-hole vibrating screen 14 is 200 meshes, the fluorescent powder collector 16 is a conical collecting container, a spiral pusher 1601 is arranged at the bottom of the fluorescent powder collector 16, and fluorescent powder enters the air circulation pipe 26 through the spiral pusher 1601.
The heating sleeve 22 is a tubular resistance furnace, the circulating air pipe 26 is connected with the inner pipe of the heating sleeve 22 to form a circulating air channel, the glass collecting plate 18 is movable and detachable, and the valve 23 is a butterfly valve.
The mercury recovery device 5 is provided with an exhaust pipe 6.
The large-hole vibrating screen 8 forms an angle of 25 degrees with the ground, and the small-hole vibrating screen 14 forms an angle of 35 degrees with the ground.
The heating mercury steaming device 28 is a rotary resistance furnace, and a sulfur filler absorbing plate 501 is arranged on the side edge of the mercury recycling device 5.
The recovery rate of each component of the final waste fluorescent tube is as follows:
mercury Plastics and metals Glass Fluorescent powder
Recovery rate 99.97% 98.5% 99.2% 97.9%
Purity of 99.95% 98.7% 98.9% 98.3%
Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A fluorescent tube recycling device, characterized in that: comprises a rubber grab (1), a hammer crusher (3), a conveying belt (7), a large-hole vibrating screen (8) and a fluorescent powder collector (16), wherein a fluorescent lamp tube feeding hole (2) is arranged below the rubber grab (1), the fluorescent lamp tube feeding hole (2) is communicated with the hammer crusher (3), the hammer crusher (3) is communicated with a mercury recycling device (5) through a mercury recycling header (4), the hammer crusher (3) is communicated with a heating mercury steaming device (28), a screw rod (301) is arranged on the heating mercury steaming device (28), an outlet of the heating mercury steaming device (28) is arranged above the conveying belt (7), the upper end of the conveying belt (7) is connected with the large-hole vibrating screen (8), the lower end of the large-hole vibrating screen (8) is connected with a chute (10), a metal and plastic collecting box (12) are connected below the large-hole vibrating screen (8), a first blanking hole (9) is arranged below the large-hole vibrating screen, the first blanking hole (9) is connected to a glass dry cleaner (11), an outlet of the heating mercury steaming device (28) is arranged above the small-hole vibrating screen (14), a second vibrating screen (13) is arranged below the large-hole vibrating screen (13), a third blanking opening (15) is formed below the small-hole vibrating screen (14), the third blanking opening (15) is communicated with a fluorescent powder collector (16), the bottom of the fluorescent powder collector (16) is connected with a wind circulating pipe (26), the wind circulating pipe (26) is connected with a fan (25), a heating sleeve (22) is arranged at the outlet of the fan (25), a nozzle (19) is connected to the heating sleeve (22), the nozzle (19) is arranged in a glass powder collecting plate (18), a baffle plate (20) is arranged in the glass powder collecting plate (18), a discharging valve (23) is arranged at the bottom of the glass powder collecting plate (18), and the lower part of the discharging valve (23) is connected with a fluorescent powder collecting box (24);
the large-hole vibrating screen (8) is 10 meshes, the small-hole vibrating screen (14) is 200 meshes, the fluorescent powder collector (16) is a conical collecting container, a spiral pusher (1601) is arranged at the bottom of the fluorescent powder collector (16), and fluorescent powder enters the air circulation pipe (26) through the spiral pusher (1601);
the heating sleeve (22) is a tubular resistance furnace, the air circulation pipe (26) is connected with the inner pipe of the heating sleeve (22), form the circulation wind passageway, glass powder collecting plate (18) is movable detachable, and discharge valve (23) are the butterfly valve.
2. A fluorescent tube recycling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the rubber grab bucket (1) takes steel as a framework and is a finger-shaped grab bucket externally lined with soft rubber.
3. A fluorescent tube recycling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the mercury recovery device (5) is an inclined metal fiber net plate recovery box.
4. A fluorescent tube recycling apparatus according to claim 1, the method is characterized in that: mercury recovery device (5) an exhaust pipe (6) is arranged on the upper part.
5. A fluorescent tube recycling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the large-hole vibrating screen (8) forms an angle of 10-45 degrees with the ground, and the small-hole vibrating screen (14) forms an angle of 10-45 degrees with the ground.
6. A fluorescent tube recycling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the heating mercury steaming device (28) is a rotary resistance furnace, the side of the mercury recovery device (5) is provided with a sulfur filler absorption plate (501).
7. A fluorescent tube recycling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the interior of the hammer crusher (3) is in a negative pressure state.
8. A method for recycling fluorescent tubes by using the fluorescent tube recycling apparatus of claim 1, characterized by the steps of:
1) a rubber grab bucket (1) for the waste fluorescent lamp tube is arranged into a hammer crusher (3) through a fluorescent lamp tube feeding hole (2), so that the waste fluorescent lamp tube is crushed under a negative pressure state, and released mercury vapor enters a mercury recovery device (5) through a mercury recovery header (4);
2) The broken fluorescent lamp mixture passes through a heating mercury steaming device (28) with the temperature of 500-550 ℃, is uniformly distributed on a conveying belt (7) under the pushing of a screw rod, and is scattered on a large-hole vibrating screen (8) by the conveying belt (7);
3) The fluorescent lamp mixture is subjected to vibration separation through a large-hole vibrating screen (8), the oversize material enters a metal and plastic collecting box (12) through a chute (10), the undersize material enters a glass dry cleaner (11) through a first blanking opening (9), the glass and fluorescent powder mixture after the glass dry cleaner (11) is dry-cleaned is scattered on a small-hole vibrating screen (14) through a second blanking opening (13), after the vibration separation, the oversize material enters a glass collecting box (27), and the undersize material enters a fluorescent powder collector (16) through a third blanking opening (15);
4) After the materials in the fluorescent powder collector (16) enter the air circulation pipe (26), circulating air driven by the fan (25) enters the heating area, the temperature of the heating area is 850-1000 ℃, the materials heated by the heating sleeve (22) are sprayed to the glass powder collecting plate (18) through the nozzle (19), glass is adhered to the glass powder collecting plate (18), fluorescent powder is deposited at the fluorescent powder collecting opening (21) after cyclone separation, after a certain amount of fluorescent powder is deposited, the discharging valve (23) is opened, and the fluorescent powder is discharged into the fluorescent powder collecting box (24);
5) The circulating air with a small amount of fluorescent powder after cyclone separation enters the air circulating pipe (26) through the cloth bag air collecting port (17) after being filtered for recycling.
CN201710668377.8A 2017-08-08 2017-08-08 Fluorescent lamp tube recycling method and equipment thereof Active CN108288577B (en)

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CN110517940B (en) * 2019-09-25 2021-12-03 四川长虹格润环保科技股份有限公司 Fluorescent powder recovery device

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