WO2015135329A1 - 脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置及脉动疲劳试验机 - Google Patents
脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置及脉动疲劳试验机 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015135329A1 WO2015135329A1 PCT/CN2014/090379 CN2014090379W WO2015135329A1 WO 2015135329 A1 WO2015135329 A1 WO 2015135329A1 CN 2014090379 W CN2014090379 W CN 2014090379W WO 2015135329 A1 WO2015135329 A1 WO 2015135329A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
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- the invention relates to a fatigue testing technology for mechanical parts, in particular to a fatigue testing device for a pulsating fatigue testing machine and a pulsating fatigue testing machine.
- the common equipment for performing the fatigue test is a hydraulic pulsation fatigue tester, but the pulsation fatigue tester can only be used for one-way pulsation compression or bending fatigue test on various large parts and structures, but cannot be realized small.
- the tensile fatigue test of the specimen is greatly limited in the test range.
- the present invention provides a fatigue tester for a pulsation fatigue tester and a pulsation fatigue tester, which is capable of performing a tensile fatigue test of a small sample and expanding the test range of the pulsation fatigue tester.
- the invention provides a fatigue testing device for a pulsation fatigue testing machine, comprising a force transmission plate and a support column fixed on the working platform, wherein a predetermined portion of the force transmission plate is hingedly connected with the support column, and the force transmission plate Both ends can swing up and down around the support column;
- One end of the force transmission plate and the working platform are respectively provided with clamps for connecting two ends of the workpiece to be stretched, and the other end of the force transmission plate is provided with an actuator for the actuator When a force is applied to one end of the force transmission plate under the control of the control system, the other end of the force transmission plate stretches the workpiece to be stretched.
- the present invention also provides a pulsation fatigue testing machine, comprising the fatigue testing device for a pulsating fatigue testing machine as described above
- the fatigue test device and the pulsation fatigue tester for the pulsation fatigue tester provided by the present invention are provided by the force transmission plate and the support column hingedly connected with the force transmission plate, so that the actuator acts on one end of the force transmission plate, The workpiece at the other end of the force transmission plate is subjected to a tensile test.
- the device is capable of performing a tensile fatigue test on a small sample and is applied to a pulsation fatigue tester to expand the pulsation fatigue test and the test range.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fatigue testing device for a pulsation fatigue testing machine of the present invention
- Figure 2 is an enlarged view of A in Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a force transmission plate in a fatigue testing device for a pulsation fatigue testing machine of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view showing a support column disposed on a working platform in a fatigue testing device for a pulsation fatigue testing machine according to the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a jig in a fatigue testing device for a pulsation fatigue testing machine of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a joint bearing in a fatigue testing device for a pulsation fatigue testing machine of the present invention
- Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the installation of the joint bearing on the force transmission plate in the fatigue test device for the pulsation fatigue tester of the present invention.
- the embodiment of the present invention provides a fatigue testing device for a pulsating fatigue testing machine.
- the fatigue testing device includes a force transmitting plate 1 and a supporting column 2 fixed on the working platform 3, and a predetermined portion of the force transmitting plate 1
- the two ends of the force transmission plate 1 are swingable up and down around the support column 2; one end of the force transmission plate 1 and the working platform 3 are respectively provided with clamps for connecting the two ends of the workpiece to be stretched,
- the other end of the force transmission plate 1 is provided with an actuator 4, so that when the actuator 4 applies a force to one end of the force transmission plate 1 under the control of the control system, the other end of the force transmission plate
- the workpiece to be stretched is stretched.
- the force transmitting plate 1 plays a role here to achieve the transmission and conversion of the force, and the downward pressure exerted by the actuator 4 on one end of the force transmission plate 1 is transmitted to the other end, and is converted into a tensile force to the workpiece.
- the workpiece can be subjected to a tensile fatigue test.
- the force transmission plate 1 is required to transmit force under the premise that the minimum deflection deformation (which is negligible for the test), so the force transmission plate 1 needs to be selected with suitable materials and design. If the rigidity of the selected material is too small, the force transmitting plate itself will undergo flexural deformation during the force transmission, and the force cannot be completely transmitted to the tensile test piece, so the stretching of the test piece is difficult to achieve. If the length of the force transmission plate is too long, the problem of flexural deformation will also occur, which is not conducive to the transmission of force.
- the force transmission plate 1 is hingedly connected to the support column 2 on the work platform 3, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a semi-cylindrical protrusion 11 is provided at a predetermined portion of the force transmission plate 1 to support
- the column 2 is provided with a semi-cylindrical recess 21 cooperating with the semi-cylindrical projection 11, the semi-cylindrical projection 11 being disposed in the semi-cylindrical recess 21, and the semi-cylindrical projection 11 passing through the pin and the semi-cylindrical
- the side walls on both sides of the groove 21 are connected, thereby achieving an articulated connection of the force-transmitting plate 1 and the support column 2.
- a semi-cylindrical protrusion 11 is disposed on the force transmission plate 1 and a semi-cylindrical groove 21 is disposed on the support column 2 for facilitating the assembly of the force transmission plate 1 and the support column 2, and during the test, This is more advantageous for the rotation of the force transmission plate 1.
- the semi-cylindrical projection 11 of the embodiment of the force transmission plate 1 is used.
- a ball is disposed between the semi-cylindrical groove 21 of the support column 2 to reduce friction by the ball, and a lubricating oil may be added between the semi-cylindrical protrusion 11 and the semi-cylindrical groove 21 Reduce friction.
- the position of the semi-cylindrical protrusion 11 of the force transmission plate 1 is disposed at the middle portion of the force transmission plate 1 so that the intermediate portion of the force transmission plate 1 is hingedly connected with the support table 2, so that The two ends of the force transmission plate 1 are the same distance from the intermediate portion.
- the force values at both ends of the force transmission plate 1 are the same, that is, the pressure exerted on the force transmission plate 1 by the actuator 4 and the pulling of the workpiece. The same strength.
- the working platform 3 and the end of the force transmitting plate 1 connected to the workpiece to be stretched are respectively connected with a clamp, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper clamp 5 is connected to the force transmission plate 1, and the working platform 3 is connected.
- There is a lower clamp 5', and both ends of the workpiece 7 to be stretched are respectively clamped and fixed by the upper clamp 5 and the lower clamp 5'.
- the upper clamp 5 and the lower clamp 5' in this embodiment have the same structure and are all plate-shaped.
- the upper clamp 5 specifically includes a clamping portion 51 for holding a plate-shaped sample, and a connecting portion 52 for connecting the clamp to a preset position.
- the fatigue test in the present embodiment is not limited to the test of the plate-like workpiece, and the shaft-shaped sample or the like can be tested. Therefore, the upper jig 5 and the lower jig 5' are not limited to the plate-like sample jig, and may be A shaft-shaped specimen holder, etc., may be selected according to the type of the workpiece.
- the material of the upper clamp 5 and the lower clamp 5' can be selected from high-quality carbon tool steel, has good plasticity and strength, can withstand vibration and impact loads, and has moderate hardness and large toughness.
- a joint bearing is disposed between the work platform 3 and the connected clamp 5, respectively.
- a first joint bearing 6 is disposed between the force transmission plate 1 and the upper clamp 5
- a second joint bearing 6' is disposed between the work platform 3 and the lower clamp 5'.
- FIG. 1 those skilled in the art can understand that the two ends of the force transmission plate 1 are actually moving along a circular arc along the hinge connection point, and the distance between the hinge connection point and the end point is a radius, but the workpiece is pulled.
- the tensile test requires that the workpiece be subjected to a tensile force along the workpiece. Therefore, in this embodiment, a pair of joint bearings are used, one of which is assembled at one end of the force-transmitting plate 1 which is connected to the workpiece to be stretched, that is, the first joint bearing 6 The other is assembled on the working platform 3, that is, the second joint bearing 6'.
- the structure of the first joint bearing 6 and the second joint bearing 6' is as shown in FIG.
- the threaded post 62, the first joint bearing 6 is connected to the force transmission plate 1 through a spherical groove 12 (as shown in FIGS. 3 and 7) provided on the force transmission plate 1, and the spherical body 61 is disposed in the spherical groove 12.
- the threaded post 62 is screwed into the upper clamp 5 (the upper clamp 5 is provided with a threaded hole), and similarly, the second joint bearing is disposed on the working platform 3.
- one end of the pressure plate 1 is provided with an arc surface structure 13 at one end of the actuator 4, and the arc structure 13 is provided with an upper convex curved surface.
- the curved curved surface is in contact with the ram of the actuator 4 for achieving tangential contact between the end of the force-transmitting plate and the actuator ram, that is, the ram of the actuator 4 is pressed against the force
- the bottom surface of the indenter of the actuator 4 is tangent to the curved curved surface of the end of the force transmission plate 1 and is in contact with a point of the curved curved surface.
- the distance between the contact point and the hinge portion of the force transmission plate 1 is stable, so that the stability of the test can be ensured.
- the curved surface structure 13 is specifically a semi-cylindrical structure, and the curved curved surface on the curved surface structure 13 is a semi-cylindrical surface of a semi-cylindrical structure, and the top of the semi-cylindrical surface is in contact with the indenter of the actuator 4.
- the position of the semi-cylindrical structure on the force transmission plate 1 is formed with a notch 13 so that when the ram of the actuator 4 is pressed against the end of the force transmission plate 1, it can make point contact with the top of the cylindrical surface instead of It is in surface contact with the end of the force transmission plate 1.
- the working platform 3 is provided with a plurality of inverted T-shaped grooves 31, such as the support column 2, the second joint bearing 6', and the like.
- the test device is fixed by the inverted T-shaped groove 31, which is not only convenient to fix, but also facilitates changing the fixed position.
- the fatigue testing device for the pulsation fatigue testing machine provides a force transmission plate by providing a force transmission plate and a support column hingedly connected with the force transmission plate so that the actuator acts on one end of the force transmission plate.
- the workpiece at the other end is subjected to a tensile test.
- the device is capable of performing a tensile fatigue test on a small sample and is applied to a pulsation fatigue tester to expand the pulsation fatigue test and the test range.
- Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a pulsation fatigue testing machine comprising the pulsation fatigue testing device for a pulsation fatigue testing machine according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention.
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Abstract
一种脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置及脉动疲劳试验机，包括传力板（1）及工作平台（3）上固定的支撑柱（2），传力板（1）的预设部位与支撑柱（2）铰接连接，且传力板（1）的两端能够绕支撑柱（2）上下摆动；传力板（1）的一端及工作平台（3）上分别设置有夹具（5,6），用于连接待拉伸工件（7）的两端，传力板（1）的另一端设置有作动器（4），以便作动器（4）在控制***的控制下对传力板（1）的一端施加作用力时，传力板（1）的另一端对待拉伸工件（7）进行拉伸。脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置及脉动疲劳试验机，能够进行小试样的拉伸疲劳试验，应用在脉动疲劳试验机上，能够扩大脉动疲劳试验及的试验范围。
Description
本发明涉及机械零部件的疲劳试验技术，尤其涉及一种脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置及脉动疲劳试验机。
现代工业中，腐蚀、断裂及磨损是机械零件和工程构件破坏失效的主要原因，其中腐蚀和磨损进程缓慢，可通过定期更换零件或者定期进行修理来避免破坏，而断裂却常常突然发生，并且不可预见。造成零部件断裂的原因很多，比如过载、低温脆性、氢脆、应力腐蚀和疲劳，而工程实际情况表明绝大部分都是由疲劳所造成的。
因此，为避免零部件因疲劳断裂造成破坏，对设计的新设备进行强度校核或对运行过程中的设备进行强度校核等情况下，均需要测试零部件在不同交变应力作用下的疲劳性能。
现有技术中，进行疲劳试验的常用设备有液压脉动疲劳试验机，但脉动疲劳试验机只能用于对各种较大型零部件及结构进行单向脉动压缩或弯曲疲劳试验，而不能实现小试样的拉伸疲劳试验，试验范围受到很大限制。
发明内容
本发明提供一种脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置及脉动疲劳试验机，能够进行小试样的拉伸疲劳试验，扩大脉动疲劳试验机的试验范围。
本发明提供一种脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置，包括传力板及工作平台上固定的支撑柱，所述传力板的预设部位与所述支撑柱铰接连接，且所述传力板的两端能够绕所述支撑柱上下摆动；
所述传力板的一端及所述工作平台上分别设置有夹具，用于连接待拉伸工件的两端，所述传力板的另一端设置有作动器，以便所述作动器
在控制***的控制下对所述传力板的一端施加作用力时，所述传力板的另一端对所述待拉伸工件进行拉伸。
本发明还提供一种脉动疲劳试验机，包括如上所述的脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置
本发明提供的脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置及脉动疲劳试验机，通过设置传力板及与传力板铰接连接的支撑柱，以使作动器作用在传力板的一端时，可对传力板另一端的工件进行拉伸试验，该装置能够进行小试样的拉伸疲劳试验，应用在脉动疲劳试验机上，能够扩大脉动疲劳试验及的试验范围。
图1为本发明脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置的结构示意图；
图2为图1中A处放大图；
图3为本发明脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置中传力板的结构示意图；
图4为本发明脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置中工作平台上设置支撑柱的结构示意图；
图5为本发明脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置中夹具的结构示意图；
图6为本发明脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置中关节轴承的结构示意图；
图7为本发明脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置中关节轴承在传力板上的安装示意图。
本发明实施例提供一种脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置，如图1所示，该疲劳试验装置包括传力板1及工作平台3上固定的支撑柱2，传力板1的预设部位与支撑柱2铰接连接，且传力板1的两端能够绕支撑柱2上下摆动；传力板1的一端及工作平台3上分别设置有夹具，用于连接待拉伸工件的两端，传力板1的另一端设置有作动器4，以便作动器4在控制***的控制下对传力板1的一端施加作用力时，所述传力板的另一端对
所述待拉伸工件进行拉伸。
其中，传力板1在此所起的作用是实现对力的传递和转换，作动器4施加在传力板1一端的向下的压力传递到另一端，转换为对工件的拉伸力，从而可对工件进行拉伸疲劳试验。
为利于力的传递和转换，要求传力板1在发生最小挠度变形(以对于试验可以忽略不计为标准)的前提下传递力，因此传力板1在制造时需选用合适的材料及设计合适的长度，若所选材料材的刚度过小，则在力的传递过程中传力板本身会产生挠曲变形，不能完全将力传递到拉伸试件处，因此试件的拉伸难以实现；如果传力板的长度太长，同样会产生挠曲变形问题，不利于实现力的传递。
本实施例中，传力板1与工作平台3上的支撑柱2铰接连接，具体如图3及图4所示，在传力板1的预设部位设置有半圆柱形凸起11，支撑柱2上设置有与半圆柱形凸起11配合的半圆柱形凹槽21，半圆柱形凸起11设置于半圆柱形凹槽21中，且半圆柱形凸起11通过销轴与半圆柱形凹槽21两侧的侧壁连接，以此实现传力板1与支撑柱2的铰接连接。本实施例在传力板1上设置半圆柱形凸起11及在支撑柱2上设置半圆柱形凹槽21，是为了便于传力板1与支撑柱2的装配，并且在试验过程中，这样更有利于传力板1的转动。
在传力板1与支撑柱2相对转动过程中，会存在磨损问题，为了减少传力板1与支撑柱2之间的接触磨损，本实施例在传力板1的半圆柱形凸起11与支撑柱2的半圆柱形凹槽21之间设置有滚珠，以通过滚珠减小摩擦，另外，也可在半圆柱形凸起11与半圆柱形凹槽21之间采用添加润滑油的方式减小摩擦。
为便于测试工件的拉伸疲劳性能，传力板1设置半圆柱形凸起11的位置设置在传力板1的中间部位，使传力板1的中间部位与支撑台2铰接连接，这样，传力板1的两端距离该中间部位的距离相同，根据杠杆原理，传力板1两端的力值大小相同，即作动器4作用在传力板1上的压力与工件所受到的拉伸力相同。
本实施例中，工作平台3上及传力板1连接待拉伸工件的一端分别连接有夹具，如图2所示，传力板1上连接有上夹具5，工作平台3上连接
有下夹具5’，待拉伸工件7的两端分别通过上夹具5及下夹具5’夹持固定，其中，本实施例中的上夹具5及下夹具5’结构相同，均为板状试样夹具，如图5所示，上夹具5具体包括夹持部51及连接部52，夹持部51用于夹持板状试样，连接部52用于将该夹具连接在预设位置，当然，本实施例中的疲劳试验并不限于板状工件的测试，还可测试轴状试样等，因此，上夹具5及下夹具5’并不限于板状试样夹具，还可为轴状试样夹具等，具体可根据工件的类型选用合适的夹具。上夹具5及下夹具5’的材料可选用优质碳素工具钢，具有较好的塑性和强度，能够承受振动和冲击载荷，且硬度适中，具有较大的韧性。
本实施例中，在传力板1与所连接的夹具之间，工作平台3与所连接的夹具5之间分别设置有关节轴承。如图2所示，传力板1与上夹具5之间设置有第一关节轴承6，工作平台3与下夹具5’之间设置有第二关节轴承6’。
根据图1，本领域技术人员可以理解传力板1的两个端部所做的其实是沿铰接连接点为圆心、铰接连接点到端点的距离为半径的圆弧线运动，然而工件的拉伸疲劳试验要求工件受到的应该是沿工件的拉伸力，因此本实施例中采用了一对关节轴承，其中一个装配在传力板1连接待拉伸工件的一端，即第一关节轴承6，另一个装配在工作平台3上，即第二关节轴承6’，第一关节轴承6及第二关节轴承6’的结构如图6所示，包括有球形体61及球形体61上设置的带螺纹的螺纹柱62，第一关节轴承6与传力板1的连接是通过传力板1上设置的球形凹槽12(如图3及图7)，球形体61设置在球形凹槽12内，并可在球形凹槽12内360°旋转，螺纹柱62通过螺纹连接在上夹具5中(上夹具5上开设有螺纹孔)，同样的，设置在工作平台3上的第二关节轴承6’也通过球形体61与工作平台上设置的球形凹槽(图中未示)连接，螺纹柱62与下夹具5’通过螺纹连接，由于两个关节轴承可以实现360°的旋转，所以试验过程中，尽管传力板1的端部作弧线运动，但仍可保证待拉伸工件作单纯的拉伸运动。
本实施例中，如图1及图3所示，传力板1设置作动器4压头的一端设置有弧形面结构13，所述弧形结构13设置有上凸的弧形曲面，该弧形曲面与作动器4的压头接触，用于实现传力板的端部与作动器压头的相切式接触，也就是说，作动器4的压头压在传力板1的端部时，作动器4的压头的底面与传力板1端部的弧形曲面相切，与弧形曲面的一点接触，该
接触点距离传力板1中间铰接部位的距离稳定，从而能够保证试验的稳定性。
进一步，弧形面结构13具体为半圆柱体结构，弧形面结构13上的弧形曲面为半圆柱体结构的半圆柱面，半圆柱面的顶部与作动器4的压头接触。传力板1上设置半圆柱体结构的位置形成有有缺口13，以使作动器4的压头压在传力板1的端部时，能够与圆柱面的顶部进行点接触，而不是与传力板1的端部进行面接触。
本实施例中，如图4所示，为方便试验装置在工作平台3上的固定，工作平台3上设置有多个倒T型槽31，如支撑柱2、第二关节轴承6’等固定在倒T型槽31中，通过倒T型槽31固定试验装置，不仅固定方便，而且可便于改变固定位置。
本发明实施例提供的脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置，通过设置传力板及与传力板铰接连接的支撑柱，以使作动器作用在传力板的一端时，可对传力板另一端的工件进行拉伸试验，该装置能够进行小试样的拉伸疲劳试验，应用在脉动疲劳试验机上，能够扩大脉动疲劳试验及的试验范围。
本发明另一实施例还提供一种脉动疲劳试验机，包括有本发明任一实施例提供的脉动疲劳试验机用脉动疲劳试验装置。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。
Claims (9)
- 一种脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置，其特征在于，包括传力板及工作平台上固定的支撑柱，所述传力板的预设部位与所述支撑柱铰接连接，且所述传力板的两端能够绕所述支撑柱上下摆动；所述传力板的一端及所述工作平台上分别设置有夹具，用于连接待拉伸工件的两端，所述传力板的另一端设置有作动器，以便所述作动器在控制***的控制下对所述传力板的一端施加作用力时，所述传力板的另一端对所述待拉伸工件进行拉伸。
- 根据权利要求1所述的脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置，其特征在于，所述传力板的预设部位设置有半圆柱形凸起，所述支撑柱上设置有与所述半圆柱形凸起配合的半圆柱形凹槽；所述半圆柱形凸起设置于所述半圆柱形凹槽中，且所述半圆柱形凸起通过销轴与所述半圆柱形凹槽两侧的侧壁铰接连接。
- 根据权利要求2所述的脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置，其特征在于，所述半圆柱形凸起与所述半圆柱形凹槽之间设置有滚珠。
- 根据权利要求1所述的脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置，其特征在于，所述传力板设置所述作动器的一端设置有弧形面结构，所述弧形面结构设置有上凸的弧形曲面，所述作动器的压头压在所述传力板的端部时，所述弧形曲面的顶部与所述作动器的压头相切。
- 根据权利要求4所述的脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置，其特征在于，所述弧形面结构为半圆柱体结构，所述弧形曲面为所述半圆柱体结构的半圆柱面。
- 根据权利要求1所述的脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置，其特征在于，所述传力板与所连接的夹具之间、所述工作平台与所连接的夹具之间分别设置有关节轴承。
- 根据权利要求1所述的脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置，其特征在于，所述工作平台上设置有多个倒T型槽，所述支撑柱及所述关节轴承固定在所述倒T型槽中。
- 根据权利要求1-7任一所述的脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置，其特征在于，所述预设部位为所述传力板的中间部位，所述传力板的两 端距离所述中间部位的距离相同。
- 一种脉动疲劳试验机，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-8任一所述的脉动疲劳试验机用疲劳试验装置。
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| CN109443921A (zh) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-03-08 | 中国电子产品可靠性与环境试验研究所（（工业和信息化部电子第五研究所）（中国赛宝实验室）） | 环境-拉力耦合试验装置和*** |
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