WO2015114975A1 - 摩擦攪拌接合方法 - Google Patents
摩擦攪拌接合方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015114975A1 WO2015114975A1 PCT/JP2014/083286 JP2014083286W WO2015114975A1 WO 2015114975 A1 WO2015114975 A1 WO 2015114975A1 JP 2014083286 W JP2014083286 W JP 2014083286W WO 2015114975 A1 WO2015114975 A1 WO 2015114975A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- friction stir
- joining
- metal member
- stir welding
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1265—Non-butt welded joints, e.g. overlap-joints, T-joints or spot welds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/1215—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/125—Rotary tool drive mechanism
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/128—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding making use of additional material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a friction stir welding method.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for performing friction stir welding of a butted portion by inserting only a stirring pin of a rotary tool into inner corners of metal members vertically butted.
- the conventional rotary tool of the friction stir welding method does not include a shoulder portion, and only the stirring pin of the rotary tool is inserted into the inner corner, so that the friction stir can be performed up to a deep position of the butt portion.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a friction stir welding method capable of eliminating the metal shortage in the inner corner when the butt portion is friction stir welded from the inner corner of the metal members.
- the present invention is a friction stir welding method for joining two metal members using a rotary tool equipped with a stirring pin, and butting the metal members at an angle.
- a butting process for forming a portion a build-up welding process in which overlay welding is performed on inner corners of the metal members formed in the butting process to cover the inner corners with weld metal, and only the rotated stirring pin.
- the present invention is a friction stir welding method for joining two metal members using a rotary tool equipped with a stirring pin, and abutting step of abutting the metal members at an angle to form a butted portion;
- an outer corner joining step of performing friction stir welding on the butted portion from the outer corner side of the metal members is preferably included.
- the joining strength of the butt portion can be increased.
- the plasticized region formed in the outer corner joining step overlaps the plasticized region formed in the inner corner joining step.
- an outer corner joining step in which welding is performed on the butt portion from the outer corner side of the metal members.
- the joining strength of the butt portion can be increased.
- the side surface of the one metal member and the end surface of the other metal member are butted, and the angle of the inner corner formed by the side surface of the one metal member and the side surface of the other metal member is In the case of ⁇ , in the inner corner joining step, a virtual center axis of rotation of the rotary tool inserted in the line of intersection of the side surfaces passes through the line of intersection and the angle formed with the side surface is ⁇ / 2. It is preferable to be located between the reference surface and the side surface of the one metal member.
- the stirring pin can be inserted to a deep position of the abutting portion by tilting the rotary tool toward one of the metal members, it is possible to join the deep position of the abutting portion.
- the present invention is also a friction stir welding method for joining two metal members having different shapes of surfaces to be abutted using a rotary tool provided with a stirring pin, wherein one metal member and the other metal member are joined.
- a butting step of butting a metal member to form a butting portion, and overlay welding is performed on the butting portion over the circumferential direction of the other metal member, and the inner corners of the metal members are covered with weld metal Overlay welding step and inserting the rotated stirring pin into the inner corner, with only the stirring pin in contact with the weld metal and the metal member, over the circumferential direction of the other metal member
- a joining step of performing frictional stirring of the butt portion is also a friction stir welding method for joining two metal members having different shapes of surfaces to be abutted using a rotary tool provided with a stirring pin, wherein one metal member and the other metal member are joined.
- the present invention is also a friction stir welding method for joining two metal members having different shapes of surfaces to be abutted using a rotary tool provided with a stirring pin, wherein one metal member and the other metal member are joined.
- the covering auxiliary member arranging step and the rotated stirring pin are inserted into the inner corner, and only the stirring pin is brought into contact with the auxiliary member and the metal member, and the other metal member extends in the circumferential direction.
- a joining step in which friction agitation of the butt portion is performed.
- all the said metal members are plate-shaped, and it is preferable to abut
- one of the metal members has a plate shape, and the other metal member has a columnar shape, and in the butting step, the surface of one of the metal members and the end surface of the other metal member are butted. Is preferred.
- one of the metal members has a plate shape, and the other metal member has a cylindrical shape. In the butting step, the surface of one of the metal members and the end surface of the other metal member are butted. Is preferred.
- one of the metal members has a plate shape, and the other metal member has a cylindrical shape.
- the surface of one of the metal members and the end surface of the other metal member are butted. Is preferred. Further, a through hole is formed in one of the metal members, and in the butting step, the through hole is covered with the other metal member, or the through hole and the hollow portion of the other metal member are covered. It is preferable to communicate.
- the present invention is a friction stir welding method for joining two metal members using a rotary tool equipped with a stirring pin, and abutting portions are formed by abutting the end face of the other metal member on the side surface of one metal member.
- a joining step of inserting the rotated stirring pin into the inner corner and performing frictional stirring of the butt portion in a state where only the stirring pin is in contact with the weld metal and the metal member to be joined It is characterized by.
- build-up welding is performed on two inner corners of the bonded metal member to cover each inner corner with a weld metal, and in the bonding step, two inner corners of the bonded metal member are covered.
- the stirring pin is placed in the plasticized region formed in the first joining step. Friction stirring is preferably performed while entering.
- the joining strength between metal members can be increased in the overlay welding process, so that the joining process can be performed stably. Further, by performing frictional stirring on the two inner corners, the air tightness and water tightness of the joint can be enhanced, and the joint strength can be enhanced. Furthermore, the airtightness and watertightness can be further improved by performing the other joining step in a state where the stirring pin is inserted into one plasticized region.
- the present invention is a friction stir welding method for joining two metal members using a rotary tool equipped with a stirring pin, and abutting portions are formed by abutting the end face of the other metal member on the side surface of one metal member.
- a joining step of forming a T-shaped joined metal member in front view by forming, and an auxiliary member that covers the inner corner with the auxiliary member by arranging an auxiliary member at at least one inner corner of the joined metal member And a joining step of inserting the rotated stirring pin into the inner corner and performing frictional stirring of the butted portion in a state where only the stirring pin is in contact with the auxiliary member and the metal member to be joined. It is characterized by that.
- the shortage of metal in the inner corner can be eliminated by performing friction stirring after the auxiliary member is disposed in advance in the inner corner formed by abutting the metal members.
- the auxiliary members are respectively arranged at two inner corners of the metal member to be joined and each inner corner is covered with the auxiliary member, and in the joining step, two of the metal members to be joined are covered.
- a first joining step for performing friction stirring on one of the inner corners and a second joining step for performing friction stirring on the other are performed, and in the second joining step, the plasticizing region formed in the first joining step It is preferable to perform frictional stirring while inserting the stirring pin.
- the abutting step includes a tab material arranging step of abutting a tab material having two tool insertion surfaces against the front surface of the metal member to be joined, and in the tab material arranging step, an exposed surface of one of the auxiliary members
- the one tool insertion surface of the tab member is flush with the exposed surface of the other auxiliary member and the other tool insertion surface of the tab member is flush.
- the insertion position of the rotating tool in the joining process can be set to the tab material. Moreover, friction stirring can be performed smoothly by making the exposed surface of each auxiliary member and the two tool insertion surfaces of the tab material flush with each other. Moreover, since the insertion position of two joining processes can be set to one tab material, work efficiency can be improved.
- (A) is the side view which showed the rotation tool for this joining of this embodiment
- (b) is sectional drawing which showed the joining form of the rotation tool for this joining.
- (A) is the side view which showed the large sized rotary tool of this embodiment
- (b) is the side view which showed the small sized rotary tool.
- (A) is the perspective view which showed the butt
- (b) is the perspective view which showed the outer corner joining process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the overlay welding process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a figure which shows the inner corner joining process which concerns on 1st embodiment, Comprising: (a) is a perspective view, (b) is sectional drawing.
- (A) is a perspective view which shows the outer corner joining process which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention
- (b) is sectional drawing which shows the inner corner joining process which concerns on 2nd embodiment.
- (A) is a perspective view which shows the butt
- (b) is a perspective view which shows the outer corner joining process which concerns on 3rd embodiment. It is a figure which shows the auxiliary member arrangement
- (a) is a perspective view
- (b) is II sectional drawing of (a). It is a figure which shows the inner corner joining process which concerns on 3rd embodiment, Comprising: (a) is a perspective view, (b) is sectional drawing.
- (A) is a perspective view which shows the outer corner joining process which concerns on 4th embodiment of this invention
- (b) is sectional drawing which shows the inner corner joining process which concerns on 4th embodiment.
- (A) is sectional drawing which shows the inner corner joining process which concerns on 5th embodiment of this invention
- (b) is sectional drawing which shows the re-outer corner joining process which concerns on 5th embodiment.
- It is a perspective view which shows the mount for inner corner joining which concerns on the 1st modification of this invention.
- (A) is a perspective view which shows before matching of the metal members which concern on 6th embodiment
- (b) is a perspective view which shows after matching.
- (A) is a perspective view which shows the build-up welding process which concerns on 6th embodiment
- (b) is a perspective view which shows a joining process.
- (A) is sectional drawing which shows the joining process which concerns on 6th embodiment
- (b) is a perspective view which shows after a joining process. It is a figure which shows the auxiliary member arrangement
- (A) is a perspective view which shows before matching of the metal member which concerns on 8th embodiment
- (b) is a perspective view which shows after matching.
- (A) is a perspective view which shows the overlay welding process which concerns on 8th embodiment
- (b) is a perspective view which shows a joining process. It is a perspective view which shows the joining process which concerns on 8th embodiment. It is a figure which shows the auxiliary member arrangement
- (A) is sectional drawing which shows the butt
- (b) is sectional drawing which shows a 1st joining process. It is sectional drawing which shows the 2nd joining process which concerns on 10th embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the butt
- the main rotating tool for joining F includes a connecting portion F1 and a stirring pin F2.
- the main rotating tool F for joining is formed of, for example, tool steel.
- the connection part F1 is a part connected to the rotating shaft D of the friction stirrer shown in FIG.
- the connecting portion F1 has a cylindrical shape, and is formed with screw holes B and B to which bolts are fastened.
- the stirring pin F2 hangs down from the connecting part F1, and is coaxial with the connecting part F1.
- the stirring pin F2 is tapered as it is separated from the connecting portion F1.
- a spiral groove F3 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2.
- the spiral groove F3 is formed in a counterclockwise direction from the proximal end toward the distal end in order to rotate the main joining rotary tool F to the right.
- the spiral groove F3 is formed counterclockwise as viewed from above when the spiral groove F3 is traced from the base end to the tip.
- the spiral groove F3 when the main rotation tool F is rotated counterclockwise, it is preferable to form the spiral groove F3 clockwise as it goes from the base end to the tip end.
- the spiral groove F3 in this case is formed clockwise when viewed from above when the spiral groove F3 is traced from the proximal end to the distal end.
- the welding rotary tool F when performing the joining process described later, for example, the welding rotary tool F is attached to a robot arm having a rotation driving means such as a spindle unit at the tip, and friction stirring is performed. it can. According to such a friction stirrer, it is possible to easily change the insertion position, the insertion angle, and the like of the main rotating tool for welding F.
- the large rotary tool G is composed of a shoulder portion G1 and a stirring pin G2.
- the large rotary tool G is made of, for example, tool steel.
- the shoulder part G1 is a part connected to the rotating shaft of the friction stirrer and a part for pressing the plastic fluidized metal.
- the shoulder portion G1 has a cylindrical shape.
- the lower end surface of the shoulder portion G1 has a concave shape in order to prevent the fluidized metal from flowing out.
- the stirring pin G2 is suspended from the shoulder part G1, and is coaxial with the shoulder part G1.
- the stirring pin G2 is tapered as it is separated from the shoulder portion G1.
- a spiral groove G3 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin G2.
- the small rotating tool H is composed of a shoulder portion H1 and a stirring pin H2.
- the small rotary tool H is smaller than the main rotating tool F and the large rotary tool G.
- the small rotary tool H is made of, for example, tool steel.
- the shoulder portion H1 is a portion that is connected to the rotation shaft of the friction stirrer and is a portion that holds the plastic fluidized metal.
- the shoulder portion H1 has a cylindrical shape.
- the lower end surface of the shoulder portion H1 has a concave shape to prevent the fluidized metal from flowing out.
- the stirring pin H2 is suspended from the shoulder portion H1, and is coaxial with the shoulder portion H1.
- the stirring pin H2 is tapered as it is separated from the shoulder portion H1.
- a spiral groove H3 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin H2.
- the matching process is a process of matching the metal members 1 and 2 together.
- the side surface 1b of the metal member 1 to be joined and the end surface 2a of the metal member 2 are butted so that the end surface 1a of the metal member 1 and the side surface 2c of the metal member 2 are flush with each other. That is, in the butting process, the metal members 1 and 2 are butted vertically so as to be L-shaped when viewed from the side.
- a butted portion J1 is formed at a portion where the metal members 1 and 2 are butted.
- the metal members 1 and 2 are not particularly limited as long as they are metals that can be frictionally stirred.
- the metal members 1 and 2 may be appropriately selected from aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, magnesium alloy, and the like.
- the tab material arranging step is a step of arranging the tab material 3 on the metal members 1 and 2.
- the tab material 3 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape and is formed of the same material as the metal members 1 and 2.
- the tab material arranging step the tab material 3 is arranged on one end side of the butted portion J1 of the metal members 1 and 2, and the side surface of the tab material 3 is brought into contact with the side surface 1d of the metal member 1 and the side surface 2d of the metal member 2. Then, the surface 3a of the tab member 3, the end surface 1a of the metal member 1, and the side surface 2c of the metal member 2 are temporarily joined by welding.
- the metal members 1 and 2 and the tab material 3 are placed on a frame of a friction stirrer (not shown) and restrained so as not to move using a jig (not shown) such as a clamp.
- the outer corner joining process is a process in which the abutting portion J1 of the metal members 1 and 2 is friction stir welded from the outer corner side of the metal members 1 and 2.
- a large rotary tool G is used in the outer corner joining process.
- a large rotary tool G is inserted into the surface 3a of the tab member 3 and moved relative to the metal members 1 and 2 to enter the abutting portion J1 as it is.
- the friction stir welding is performed from the outer corner side (surface side constituting the outer corner) of the metal members 1 and 2 to the butted portion J1.
- the large rotary tool G is relatively moved while the lower end surface of the shoulder portion G1 is pushed into the metal members 1 and 2.
- a plasticized region W1 is formed on the movement locus of the large-sized rotary tool G.
- the build-up welding process is a process of performing build-up welding on the inner corners of the metal members 1 and 2.
- build-up welding is performed so as to cover the butt portion J1 at the inner corners of the metal members 1 and 2 (corners formed by the side surface 1b and the side surface 2b).
- the weld metal M is formed along the butt joint J by the overlay welding process.
- the weld metal M is formed of a material equivalent to the metal members 1 and 2.
- the inner corner joining step is a step of joining the inner corners of the metal members 1 and 2 using the main joining rotary tool F.
- the backing material Q is disposed on the surface constituting the outer corners of the metal members 1 and 2.
- the backing material Q is a metal member having an L-shaped cross section and is brought into contact with the side surface 1c, the end surface 1a of the metal member 1 and the side surface 2c of the metal member 2. Then, the metal members 1 and 2 and the backing material Q are placed on a frame of a friction stirrer (not shown) and restrained so as not to move using a jig (not shown) such as a clamp.
- the rotating tool F for main joining rotated at the inner corners of the metal members 1 and 2 is inserted, and friction stir welding is performed on the butt portion J1.
- the connecting portion F1 of the main joining rotary tool F and the metal members 1 and 2 are separated from each other, and only the stirring pin F2 is welded metal.
- M is inserted into the butt J1.
- a plasticized region W2 is formed on the movement trajectory of the main rotating tool for welding F.
- the plasticizing region W2 formed in the inner corner joining step and the plasticizing region W1 formed in the outer corner joining step are set so as to overlap on the butted portion J1.
- the position of the rotation center axis Fc does not include a position overlapping the side surface 1b and the virtual reference plane C.
- the stirring pin F ⁇ b> 2 is used as the metal member without using a pressing block as in the prior art. Since they are brought into contact with 1 and 2, damage to the side surface 1b of the metal member 1 and the side surface 2b of the metal member 2 during joining can be suppressed. Moreover, since the holding block is not used as in the prior art, the joint portion can be visually recognized. Thereby, since a joining condition etc. can be grasped
- the weld metal M is also plastically flowed. Therefore, the shortage of metal can be compensated. Thereby, the joining failure by metal shortage can be prevented. Further, by performing overlay welding before the inner corner joining step, it is possible to prevent the opening of the metal members 1 and 2 when the inner corner joining step is performed.
- the stirring pin F2 is inserted along the virtual reference plane C shown in FIG. 5B by inclining the main joining rotary tool F to the one metal member 1 side.
- the agitation is performed to a deeper position of the butted portion J1.
- Pin F2 can be inserted. Thereby, it can join to the deep position of the butt
- the inner corner joining process is performed after the outer corner joining process is performed, but the outer corner joining process may be performed after the inner corner joining process is performed.
- temporary joining may be performed by friction stir from the outer corners of the metal members 1 and 2 to the abutting portion J1 using the small rotary tool H.
- the outer corner joining process uses the large rotating tool G in the present embodiment, but may be performed using the main joining rotating tool F. Thereby, friction stirring can be performed to the deep position of the butt
- the outer corner joining step is a step of welding the butt portion J1 from the outer corner side of the metal members 1 and 2.
- a weld metal M1 is formed in the butt joint J1 by the outer corner joining process.
- the build-up welding process and the inner corner joining process are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
- substantially the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained except that the gap S is formed in the butt portion J1.
- the openings of the metal members 1 and 2 during the build-up welding process can be prevented.
- the outer corner joining process is performed by welding.
- the outer corner joining process is performed by friction stir from the outer corner side of the metal members 1 and 2 to the butt portion J1 using the small rotary tool H. May be.
- a gap S is generated between the weld metal M1 and the plasticized region W2. It is preferable to overlap a plasticizing region (not shown) formed in the movement locus of the weld metal M1 or the small rotary tool H formed in the outer corner and a plasticizing region W2 formed in the inner corner joining step. Thereby, since the butt
- the tab material arranging step is a step of arranging the tab material 4 on the metal members 1 and 2.
- the tab material 4 has a triangular prism shape and is formed of the same material as the metal members 1 and 2.
- the cross section of the tab material 4 is a right-angled isosceles triangle.
- the tab material 4 is arranged on one end side of the abutting portion J1 of the metal members 1 and 2, and the side surface 4c of the tab material 4 (the surface exhibiting a triangle) is arranged between the side surface 1d of the metal member 1 and the metal member 2. It abuts on the side surface 2d. Then, the surface 4a of the tab member 4, the end surface 1a of the metal member 1 and the side surface 2c of the metal member 2 are temporarily joined by welding while being flush with each other.
- the metal members 1 and 2 and the tab material 4 are placed on a frame of a friction stirrer (not shown) and restrained so as not to move using a jig (not shown) such as a clamp.
- the outer corner joining step is a step of friction stir welding the butted portion J1 of the metal members 1 and 2 from the outer corner side of the metal members 1 and 2. Since the outer corner joining process is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment except that the tab material 4 is used, detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the auxiliary member arranging step is a step of arranging the auxiliary member 9 at the inner corners of the metal members 1 and 2.
- the auxiliary member 9 has a triangular prism shape and is formed of the same material as the metal members 1 and 2.
- the cross section of the auxiliary member 9 is a right-angled isosceles triangle.
- the auxiliary member 9 is formed with a length that covers the extending direction of the butted portion J1.
- the side surface 9a of the auxiliary member 9 is brought into contact with the side surface 1b of the metal member 1, and the side surface 9b is brought into contact with the side surface 2b of the metal member 2. Moreover, it arrange
- the cross-sectional shape of the auxiliary member 9 so that the side surfaces 1b and 2b and the side surfaces 9a and 9b may be in surface contact according to the butting angle (inner angle) of the metal members 1 and 2, respectively.
- the size of the auxiliary member 9 may be set as appropriate so that the metal does not become insufficient during the inner corner joining process described later, and the metal overflowing by friction stirring is minimized.
- the inner corner joining step is a step of joining the inner corners of the metal members 1 and 2 using the main joining rotary tool F.
- the backing material Q is disposed on the surface constituting the outer corners of the metal members 1 and 2.
- the backing material Q is a metal member having an L-shaped cross section and is brought into contact with the side surface 1c, the end surface 1a of the metal member 1 and the side surface 2c of the metal member 2. Then, the metal members 1 and 2 and the backing material Q are placed on a frame of a friction stirrer (not shown) and restrained so as not to move using a jig (not shown) such as a clamp.
- the rotated main joining rotating tool F is inserted into the inclined surface 4b of the tab member 4 and the main joining rotating tool F is relatively moved toward the metal members 1 and 2.
- the auxiliary member 9 is reached, friction stir welding is performed on the auxiliary member 9 and the butted portion J1 as they are.
- the connecting portion F1 of the main joining rotary tool F and the metal members 1 and 2 are separated from each other, and only the stirring pin F2 is used as an auxiliary member. 9 and inserted into the butt J1.
- a plasticized region W2 is formed on the movement trajectory of the main rotating tool for welding F. Since the insertion angle of the main rotating tool F for welding is the same as that of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
- the auxiliary member 9 is disposed in the inner corners of the metal members 1 and 2, and the auxiliary member 9 and the metal members 1 and 2 are subjected to friction stirring so that the auxiliary member 9 is added to the metal members 1 and 2. Can be compensated for metal shortage. Thereby, the joining failure by a metal member can be prevented.
- the bonding strength can be increased.
- the plasticized region W1 formed in the outer corner joining step and the plasticized region W2 formed in the inner corner joining step are overlapped on the butted portion J1, The entire depth direction is frictionally stirred. Thereby, the air tightness and water tightness of the joint portion are improved, and the joint strength can be further increased.
- the opening of the metal members 1 and 2 in the auxiliary member placement step and the inner corner joining step can be prevented.
- the stirring pin F2 is inserted along the virtual reference plane C shown in FIG. 9B by inclining the main joining rotary tool F toward the one metal member 1 side.
- the agitation is performed to a deeper position of the butted portion J1.
- Pin F2 can be inserted. Thereby, it can join to the deep position of the butt
- the inclined surface 4b of the tab member 4 and the inclined surface 9c of the auxiliary member 9 are flush with each other, the inner corner joining process can be easily performed. Further, by cutting off the tab material 4 after the inner corner joining step, the side surface 1d of the metal member 1 and the side surface 2d of the metal member 2 can be finished finely while reliably joining the end portions of the butted portion J1.
- the design can be changed as appropriate.
- the inner corner joining process is performed after the outer corner joining process is performed, but the outer corner joining process may be performed after the inner corner joining process is performed.
- temporary joining may be performed by friction stir from the outer corners of the metal members 1 and 2 to the abutting portion J1 using the small rotary tool H.
- the outer corner joining process uses the large rotating tool G in the present embodiment, but may be performed using the main joining rotating tool F. Thereby, friction stirring can be performed to the deep position of the butt
- a friction stir welding method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- positioning process, and an inner corner joining process are included.
- the outer corner joining process of the fourth embodiment is different from the third embodiment in that a small rotary tool H is used.
- the outer corner joining step is a step of performing friction stir welding from the outer corner side of the metal members 1 and 2 to the butted portion J1 as shown in FIG.
- the small rotary tool H is inserted into the surface 4a of the tab member 4 and moved relative to the metal members 1 and 2, while the small rotary tool H is moved relative to the abutting portion J1.
- a plasticized region W3 is formed on the movement locus of the small rotary tool H.
- the auxiliary member arranging step and the inner corner joining step are substantially the same as those in the third embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
- substantially the same effect as that of the third embodiment can be achieved except that the gap S is formed in the butt portion J1.
- the opening of the metal members 1 and 2 can be prevented during the auxiliary member arranging step.
- the outer corner joining process is performed by friction stir welding using the small rotary tool H.
- the outer corner joining process is performed by welding from the outer corner side of the metal members 1 and 2 to the butt portion J1. May be.
- a gap S is generated between the plasticized region W2 and the plasticized region W3. It is preferable to overlap the plasticized region W3 or weld metal (not shown) formed on the outer corner side and the plasticized region W2 formed in the inner corner joining step. Thereby, since the whole butt
- FIG. 11 is sectional drawing which shows the inner corner joining process which concerns on 5th embodiment.
- the outer corner joining step is performed prior to the inner corner joining step, and the plasticized region W1 is formed on the outer corner side of the butted portion J1.
- FIG. 11A for example, when joining metal members 1 and 2 having a large plate thickness, the entire butt joint J1 cannot be friction stir welded even if the outer corner joining step and the inner corner joining step are performed. There is a case.
- the plasticized region W1 formed in the outer corner joining process and the plasticized region W2 formed in the inner corner joining process cannot be overlapped on the butted portion J1, and a gap S may be generated. is there. In the case of FIG. 6 and FIG. 10 as well, a gap S is generated in the butt portion J1.
- the main rotating tool F is joined to the abutting portion J1 from the outer corner side of the metal members 1 and 2. It is preferable to perform a re-outer corner joining process.
- friction stirring is performed in a state where only the stirring pin F2 of the rotating tool F for main joining is in contact with the metal members 1 and 2.
- a plasticized region W4 is formed on the movement trajectory of the main welding rotary tool F in the re-outer corner welding process.
- the inner corner joining base R includes a recess R1 on the surface of a metal member having a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- the recess R1 includes a first inclined surface R1a and a second inclined surface R1b.
- the internal angle between the first inclined surface R1a and the second inclined surface R1b is, for example, 90 degrees.
- the metal members 1 and 2 are disposed along the recess R1. Further, in the tab material arranging step, the tab materials 4 and 4 are arranged on both sides of the butted portion J1 of the metal members 1 and 2. The tab member 4 is arranged so that the inclined surface 4b faces upward. When the tab members 4 and 4 are arranged, the metal members 1 and 2 and the tab members 4 and 4 are clamped and fixed to be immovable by fixing jigs R2 and R2 (only one is drawn).
- the metal members 1 and 2 and the tab material 4 need only be arranged in the recess R1, so that the butt process and the tab material arrangement process can be easily performed. . Moreover, the build-up welding process, the auxiliary member arranging process, the inner corner joining process, and the like can be stably performed using the inner corner joining base R.
- the inner angle of the metal members 1 and 2 is set to 90 °, but may be set to other angles. In such a case, the metal members 1 and 2 can be abutted at various angles by appropriately changing the internal angles of the first inclined surface R1a and the second inclined surface R1b.
- the butt portion J1 formed by butting the metal members 10 and 20 is joined by friction stirring.
- the metal members 10 and 20 are made of metal and have a rectangular parallelepiped shape (plate shape).
- the metal members 10 and 20 are formed of the same material.
- the material of the metal members 10 and 20 is not particularly limited as long as it is a metal that can be frictionally stirred. For example, it may be appropriately selected from aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, magnesium alloy, and the like. .
- the metal member 20 is smaller than the metal member 10. That is, the area of the back surface 20b of the metal member 20 arranged on the upper side is smaller than the area of the surface 10a of the metal member 10 arranged on the lower side.
- the butting step is a step of butting the metal members 10 and 20 to form the butting portion J1.
- the back surface 20b of the metal member 20 is butted against the center of the front surface 10a of the metal member 10. Since the surfaces of the metal members 10 and 20 (the front surface 10a and the back surface 20b) are different from each other, an inner corner is formed by the abutment, and the periphery of the surface 10a of the metal member 10 is exposed.
- the inner corner is a corner constituted by the surface 10 a of the metal member 10 and the side surface 20 c of the metal member 20. The inner corner is formed over the entire circumferential direction of the metal member 10.
- the two metal members having different shapes of the surfaces to be abutted in the claims means that the shapes of the surfaces to be abutted like the metal members 10 and 20 of the present embodiment (the front surface 10a and the back surface 20b) are the same. It is meant to include similar cases.
- the build-up welding process is a process of performing build-up welding over the butt portion J1 over the circumferential direction of the metal member 10.
- build-up welding such as TIG welding or MIG welding is performed over the entire circumference of the butt joint J1.
- the entire circumference of the inner corner is covered with the weld metal U by performing the overlay welding process.
- the build-up amount of the weld metal U may be set to such an extent that a groove is not formed on the surface of the plasticized region W (joint portion) or the weld metal U does not protrude from the surface after the joining process. preferable.
- the joining step is a step of inserting the stirring pin F2 into the inner corner through the weld metal U and performing frictional stirring over the circumferential direction of the metal member 20.
- friction stir is performed on the butt joint J1 using the main rotating tool F for joining.
- the main welding rotary tool F rotated to the right is inserted into the start position S1 set on the surface 10a of the metal member 10.
- the relative welding tool F is moved relative to the starting point S2 set at the abutting portion J1, and when the starting point S2 is reached, the rotating tool F for main welding is rotated around the metal member 20 along the abutting portion J1.
- friction stir is performed by tracing the weld metal U.
- FIG. 15A in the joining step, friction stirring is performed in a state where only the stirring pin F2 is in contact with the metal members 10, 20 and the weld metal U. That is, friction stirring is performed with the proximal end side of the stirring pin F2 exposed.
- a plasticized region W is formed on the movement trajectory of the main rotating tool for welding F.
- the insertion angle of the stirring pin F2 may be set as appropriate, but in this embodiment, the rotation center axis of the main welding rotary tool F is inclined by 45 ° with respect to the vertical plane.
- the main welding rotary tool F is rotated around the metal member 20, passes through the starting point S2, and reaches the end point E2 set in the butt portion J1, and then the main welding rotary tool F is reached. Is relatively moved to the surface 10a side. Then, the main welding rotary tool F is detached at the end position E1 set on the surface 10a. Thereby, the start end (start point S2) and the end point (end point E2) of the plasticized region W in the butt portion J1 are overlapped.
- the punch hole of the stirring pin F2 remains on the surface 10a.
- a repair process is performed in which the punch hole is repaired by performing overlay welding or the like. May be.
- the metal shortage in the inner corner can be eliminated by performing overlay welding on the inner corner in advance and performing friction stirring on the butt portion J1 from above the weld metal U. .
- the water tightness and the air tightness can be enhanced by overlapping the start end and the end end of the plasticized region W.
- joining strength can be raised by joining continuously over the circumferential direction of the metal member 20.
- the friction stir welding method according to the present embodiment is different from the sixth embodiment in that the first auxiliary member 30 and the second auxiliary member 31 are disposed at the abutting portion J1 to perform friction stirring.
- the friction stir welding method according to the seventh embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the sixth embodiment.
- a butt process, an auxiliary member arranging process, and a joining process are performed.
- the matching process is performed in the same manner as in the sixth embodiment.
- the four first auxiliary members 30 and the four second auxiliary members 31 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the metal member 20 with respect to the abutting portion J1. It is a process.
- the first auxiliary member (auxiliary member) 30 is made of metal and has a triangular prism shape.
- the 1st auxiliary member 30 should just be a metal which can be friction-stirred, it is preferable that it is formed with the material equivalent to the metal members 10 and 20 like this embodiment.
- the first auxiliary member 30 has a right triangle in cross section.
- the length of the first auxiliary member 30 is equal to the length of each side of the metal member 20.
- the bottom surface 30a of the first auxiliary member 30 is brought into surface contact with the surface 10a of the metal member 10, and the rising surface 30b of the first auxiliary member 30 is set to the metal member 20.
- the side surface 20c is brought into surface contact.
- the four first auxiliary members 30 are arranged along the four sides of the metal member 20, respectively.
- the second auxiliary member (auxiliary member) 31 is made of metal and is a tetrahedron.
- the 2nd auxiliary member 31 should just be a metal which can be frictionally stirred, it is preferable that it is a material equivalent to the metal members 10 and 20 like this embodiment.
- the bottom surface 31a of the second auxiliary member 31 is a right-angled isosceles triangle.
- the rising surfaces 31b and 31b of the second auxiliary member 31 are respectively right-angled isosceles triangles.
- the rising surfaces 31b and 31b of the second auxiliary member 31 have the same shape as the end surface 30d of the first auxiliary member 30 (see FIG. 16B).
- the 2nd auxiliary member 31 is each arrange
- the bottom surface 31 a of the second auxiliary member 31 is brought into surface contact with the surface 10 a of the metal member 10. Further, the rising surfaces 31b and 31b of the second auxiliary member 31 are brought into surface contact with the end surfaces 30d and 30d of the adjacent first auxiliary members 30, respectively. Thereby, the periphery of the inner corner (butting portion J1) is covered with the four first auxiliary members 30 and the four second auxiliary members 31.
- the inclined surfaces 30c and 30c of the adjacent first auxiliary member 30 and the inclined surface 31c of the second auxiliary member 31 are continuously arranged.
- the size of the first auxiliary member 30 and the second auxiliary member 31 is such that after performing the joining process, a concave groove is formed on the surface of the plasticized region W (joined portion), or each auxiliary member remains on the surface. It is preferable to set it to such an extent that it does not occur.
- the joining step is a step of inserting the stirring pin F2 into the inner corner via the first auxiliary member 30 and the second auxiliary member 31 and performing frictional stirring over the circumferential direction of the metal member 20.
- friction stir is performed on the butt joint J ⁇ b> 1 using the main joining rotary tool F.
- the main welding rotary tool F rotated to the right is inserted into the start position S1 set on the surface 10a of the metal member 10.
- the main welding rotary tool F is relatively moved toward the start point S2 set at the butting portion J1, and when the start point S2 is reached, the main welding rotating tool F makes a round around the metal member 20 along the butting portion J1.
- friction stir is performed by tracing the inclined surfaces 30c and 31c.
- FIG. 18 in the joining step, friction stirring is performed in a state where only the stirring pin F ⁇ b> 2 is in contact with the metal members 10, 20, the first auxiliary member 30, and the second auxiliary member 31. That is, friction stirring is performed with the proximal end side of the stirring pin F2 exposed.
- a plasticized region W is formed on the movement trajectory of the main rotating tool for welding F.
- the insertion angle of the stirring pin F2 may be set as appropriate, but in this embodiment, the rotation center axis of the main welding rotary tool F is inclined by 45 ° with respect to the vertical plane. That is, the friction stirring is performed in a state where the rotation center axis of the main rotating tool F is set perpendicular to the inclined surfaces 30c and 31c.
- the punch hole of the stirring pin F2 remains on the surface 10a.
- a repair process is performed in which the punch hole is repaired by performing overlay welding or the like. May be.
- the first auxiliary member 30 and the second auxiliary member 31 are arranged in advance in the inner corner, and the friction is applied to the butting portion J1 from above the first auxiliary member 30 and the second auxiliary member 31.
- the metal shortage of the butt portion J1 can be solved.
- the water tightness and the air tightness can be enhanced by overlapping the start and end of the plasticized region W.
- joining strength can be raised by joining continuously over the circumferential direction of the metal member 20.
- the auxiliary members can be arranged around the entire butt portion J1. Thereby, the whole butt
- the 1st auxiliary member 30 and the 2nd auxiliary member 31 are divided
- the friction stirring start position S1 is set on the surface 10a of the metal member 10, but the starting position at which the main rotating tool F is inserted into the butt J1. S1 may be set.
- a friction stir welding method according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- the friction stir welding method according to the present embodiment is different from the sixth embodiment in that a cylindrical metal member is joined.
- the friction stir welding method according to the eighth embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the sixth embodiment.
- a butt process, an overlay welding process, and a joining process are performed.
- the metal member 10 and the metal member 40 are joined as shown in FIG.
- the metal member 10 has a rectangular parallelepiped (plate shape).
- a through hole 11 is formed in the center of the metal member 10 so as to penetrate in the plate thickness direction.
- the shape of the through hole 11 is not particularly limited, but in the present embodiment, the through hole 11 has a circular shape in plan view. The through hole 11 may not be provided.
- the metal member 40 has a cylindrical shape.
- the inner diameter of the metal member 40 is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 11.
- the metal members 10 and 40 are both made of a metal that can be frictionally stirred. In this embodiment, the metal members 10 and 40 are formed of the same material.
- the butting process is a process in which the metal members 10 and 40 are butted.
- the surface 10a of the metal member 10 and the end surface 40b of the metal member 40 are butted.
- butting is performed so that the through hole 11 and the hollow portion of the metal member 40 communicate with each other. Since the surfaces of the metal members 10 and 40 to be abutted (surface 10a and end surface 40b) are different from each other, the inner corner is formed by the abutment, and the periphery of the surface 10a of the metal member 10 is exposed. Become.
- the inner corner is a corner constituted by the surface 10 a of the metal member 10 and the outer peripheral surface 40 a of the metal member 40. The inner corner is formed over the entire circumferential direction of the metal member 40.
- the build-up welding process is a process of performing build-up welding over the butt portion J2 over the circumferential direction of the metal member 40.
- build-up welding such as TIG welding or MIG welding is performed over the entire circumference of the butt joint J2.
- the entire circumference of the inner corner is covered with the weld metal U by performing the overlay welding process.
- the build-up amount of the weld metal U may be set to such an extent that a groove is not formed on the surface of the plasticized region W (joint portion) or the weld metal U does not protrude from the surface after the joining process. preferable.
- the joining step is a step of inserting the stirring pin F2 into the inner corner through the weld metal U and performing frictional stirring over the circumferential direction of the metal member 40.
- friction stir is performed on the butt joint J2 using the main joining rotary tool F.
- the main-joining rotation tool F rotated to the right is inserted into the start position S1 set in the butt portion J2.
- the rotating tool F for main joining is made to make a round around the metal member 40 along the butted portion J2.
- friction stir is performed by tracing the weld metal U.
- friction stirring is performed with only the stirring pin F2 in contact with the metal members 10 and 40 and the weld metal U. That is, friction stirring is performed with the proximal end side of the stirring pin F2 exposed.
- the insertion angle of the stirring pin F2 may be set as appropriate, but in this embodiment, the rotation center axis of the main welding rotary tool F is inclined by 45 ° with respect to the vertical plane.
- the main welding rotary tool F When performing frictional stirring, the main welding rotary tool F may be moved around the metal member 40. However, in this embodiment, the position of the main welding rotary tool F is fixed and the metal members 10, 40 are fixed. Is rotated around the vertical axis. A plasticized region W is formed on the movement trajectory of the main rotating tool for welding F.
- the main welding rotary tool F is turned around the metal member 40, passes through the start position S1 and reaches the end point E2 set in the butt portion J1, and then the main welding rotary tool F is moved to the surface 10a. Move relative to the side. Then, the main welding rotary tool F is detached at the end position E1 set on the surface 10a.
- the punch hole of the stirring pin F2 remains on the surface 10a.
- a repair process is performed in which the punch hole is repaired by performing overlay welding or the like. May be.
- the friction stir welding method according to the eighth embodiment described above can achieve substantially the same effect as that of the sixth embodiment.
- the friction stir welding method according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 22, the friction stir welding method according to the present embodiment is different from the eighth embodiment in that an auxiliary member 50 is disposed at the abutting portion J2. The friction stir welding method according to the ninth embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the eighth embodiment.
- a butting process, an auxiliary member arranging process, and a joining process are performed.
- the matching process is performed in the same manner as in the eighth embodiment.
- the auxiliary member arranging step is a step of arranging the auxiliary member 50 along the circumferential direction of the metal member 40 with respect to the abutting portion J2.
- the auxiliary member 50 has an annular shape and has a right-angled triangular cross section.
- the inner diameter of the auxiliary member 50 is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the metal member 40.
- the auxiliary member arranging step the auxiliary member 50 is inserted from the end side of the metal member 40. 22 (b), the bottom surface 50a of the auxiliary member 50 is brought into surface contact with the surface 10a of the metal member 10, and the rising surface 50b of the auxiliary member 50 is brought into surface contact with the outer peripheral surface 40a of the metal member 40. . Thereby, the periphery of the inner corner (butting portion J2) is covered with the auxiliary member 50.
- the auxiliary member 50 may be a metal capable of frictional stirring, but is preferably made of a material equivalent to the metal members 10 and 40 as in the present embodiment.
- the joining step is a step of inserting a stirring pin into the inner corner via the auxiliary member 50 and performing frictional stirring over the circumferential direction of the metal member 40.
- friction stir is performed on the butt joint J2 using the main joining rotary tool F.
- the main welding rotation tool F rotated to the right is inserted into the start position set on the inclined surface 50c of the auxiliary member 50.
- friction stirring is performed with only the stirring pin F2 in contact with the metal members 10, 40 and the auxiliary member 50.
- the rotary tool F for main welding is made to make a round around the metal member 40 and the plasticizing region is overlapped, the rotary tool F for main bonding is relatively moved toward the surface 10a at the end point set in the butt portion J2. Then, the welding rotary tool F is detached at the end position set on the surface 10a.
- the cylindrical metal member 40 is used, but a columnar or plate-like metal member may be used instead.
- a columnar or plate-like metal member may be used instead.
- the cylindrical and plate-like metal members are abutted against the metal member 10 shown in FIG. 19A, the through-hole 11 is covered with the metal member.
- a cylindrical metal member having another planar shape may be used instead of the cylindrical metal member 40.
- the butted portion J1 formed by butting the metal members 101 and 102 is joined by friction stirring.
- the metal members 101 and 102 are made of metal and have a rectangular parallelepiped shape (plate shape).
- the metal members 101 and 102 are formed of the same material.
- the material of the metal members 101 and 102 is not particularly limited as long as it is a metal capable of friction stir, but may be appropriately selected from, for example, aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, magnesium alloy, and the like. .
- the butting process is a process in which the metal members 101 and 102 are butted to form the butting portion J1.
- a butting portion J1 is formed by butting the end surface 102c of the metal member 102 at the center of the side surface 101a of the metal member 101.
- a joined metal member made of the metal members 101 and 102 is formed by the butting process.
- the bonded metal member has a T-shape when viewed from the front.
- a first inner corner P ⁇ b> 1 and a second inner corner P ⁇ b> 2 are formed on both sides of the metal member 102.
- the first inner corner P ⁇ b> 1 is a corner formed by the side surface 101 a of the metal member 101 and the side surface 102 a of the metal member 102.
- the second inner corner P ⁇ b> 2 is a corner composed of the side surface 101 a of the metal member 101 and the side surface 102 b of the metal member 102.
- the build-up welding process is a process of performing build-up welding on the butt joint J1.
- build-up welding such as TIG welding or MIG welding is performed over the extending direction of the first inner corner P1 and the second inner corner P2.
- the first inner corner P1 and the second inner corner P2 are respectively covered with the weld metals U1 and U2.
- the build-up amount of weld metal U1, U2 after performing a joining process, a ditch
- the joining step is a step of performing frictional stirring on the butt joint J1 using the main rotating tool F for joining.
- the joining process includes a first joining process in which friction stirring is performed on the first inner corner P1, and a second process in which friction stirring is performed on the second inner corner P2. A two-joining process is performed.
- the rotating tool F for main joining rotated to the right is inserted into the first inner corner P1, and the friction stir is performed by tracing the weld metal U1.
- friction stirring is performed in a state where only the stirring pin F2 is in contact with the metal members 101 and 102 and the weld metal U1. That is, friction stirring is performed with the proximal end side of the stirring pin F2 exposed.
- a plasticized region W1 is formed on the movement trajectory of the main rotating tool F for welding.
- the insertion angle of the stirring pin F2 may be set as appropriate, but in this embodiment, the rotation center axis of the main welding rotary tool F is inclined by 45 ° with respect to the vertical plane.
- the main rotating tool F rotated to the right is inserted into the second inner corner P2, and friction stir is performed so as to trace the weld metal U2 (see FIG. 23A).
- friction stirring is performed in a state where only the stirring pin F2 is in contact with the metal members 101 and 102 and the weld metal U2. That is, friction stirring is performed with the proximal end side of the stirring pin F2 exposed.
- a plasticized region W2 is formed on the movement trajectory of the main rotating tool for welding F.
- the insertion angle of the stirring pin F2 may be set as appropriate, but in this embodiment, the rotation center axis of the main welding rotary tool F is inclined by 45 ° with respect to the vertical plane.
- the stirring pin F2 In the second joining step, it is preferable to insert the stirring pin F2 so that at least the plasticizing region W2 comes into contact with the plasticizing region W1, but in this embodiment, the tip of the stirring pin F2 enters the plasticizing region W1. Is set.
- the first inner corner P1 and the second inner corner P2 are preliminarily welded and friction stir is performed on the butt joint J1 from above the weld metals U1 and U2.
- the metal shortage at the first inner corner P1 and the second inner corner P2 can be solved.
- first inner corner P1 and second inner corner P2 since build-up welding is performed on two inner corners (first inner corner P1 and second inner corner P2), the bonding strength of the metal members to be bonded can be increased. Thereby, a joining process can be performed stably.
- the air tightness and water tightness of the joint can be increased, and the joint strength is increased. be able to.
- a joining defect may occur in the plasticized region W1 formed in the first joining step, but by performing frictional stirring by inserting the stirring pin F2 into the plasticized region W1 as in the present embodiment, The junction defect can be repaired. Thereby, watertightness and airtightness can be improved more.
- build-up welding is performed on both the first inner corner P1 and the second inner corner P2 in this embodiment, but it may be performed at least in any one of them.
- the friction stir welding method according to the present embodiment is different from the tenth embodiment in that the first auxiliary member 7 and the second auxiliary member 8 are disposed at the first inner corner P1 and the second inner corner P2, respectively.
- the friction stir welding method according to the eleventh embodiment will be described with a focus on the differences from the tenth embodiment.
- a butt process, an auxiliary member placement process, a tab material placement process, and a joining process are performed.
- the matching process is performed in the same manner as in the tenth embodiment.
- the auxiliary member arranging step is a step of arranging the first auxiliary member (auxiliary member) 7 and the second auxiliary member (auxiliary member) 8 at the abutting portion J1.
- the first auxiliary member 7 and the second auxiliary member 8 are made of metal and are triangular prisms.
- the first auxiliary member 7 and the second auxiliary member 8 are formed in the same shape.
- the 1st auxiliary member 7 and the 2nd auxiliary member 8 should just be a metal which can be friction-stirred, it is preferable to be formed with the material equivalent to the metal members 101 and 102 like this embodiment.
- the first auxiliary member 7 and the second auxiliary member 8 have a right-angled isosceles triangle.
- the length of the 1st auxiliary member 7 and the 2nd auxiliary member 8 is equivalent to the length of the butt
- the bottom surface 7a of the first auxiliary member 7 is brought into surface contact with the side surface 101a of the metal member 101, and the rising surface 7b of the first auxiliary member 7 is brought into contact with the side surface 102a of the metal member 102. Make surface contact. Thereby, the first inner corner P ⁇ b> 1 is covered with the first auxiliary member 7.
- the bottom surface 8 a of the second auxiliary member 8 is brought into surface contact with the side surface 101 a of the metal member 101, and the rising surface 8 b of the second auxiliary member 8 is brought into surface contact with the side surface 102 b of the metal member 102.
- the second inner corner P2 is covered with the second auxiliary member 8.
- the size of the first auxiliary member 7 and the second auxiliary member 8 is such that after performing the joining process, concave grooves are formed on the surfaces of the plasticized regions W1 and W2 (joining portions), or each auxiliary member is formed on the surface. It is preferable to set it to such an extent that it does not remain.
- the tab material arranging step is a step of arranging the tab material T in front of the bonded metal member.
- the tab member T is formed of a metal equivalent to the metal members 101 and 102, and has a triangular prism shape.
- the cross section of the tab material T is a right-angled isosceles triangle.
- the tab material T includes a bottom surface T1 and inclined surfaces T2 and T3.
- the bottom surface T1 of the tab material T and the side surface 101b of the metal member 101 are flush with each other, and the end surface of the tab material T is placed in front of the metal member to be joined (the front surface 101d of the metal member 101 and the metal member 102). Surface contact 102d). And the tab material T and a to-be-joined metal member are temporarily joined by welding.
- the inclined surface (tool insertion surface) T2 of the tab material T and the inclined surface (exposed surface) 7c of the first auxiliary member 7 are flush with each other.
- the inclined surface (tool insertion surface) T3 of the tab member T and the inclined surface (exposed surface) 8c of the second auxiliary member 8 are flush with each other.
- the joining step is a step of performing frictional stirring on the butt joint J1 using the main rotating tool F for joining. As shown in FIGS. 27 and 28, in this embodiment, a first joining process for performing frictional stirring on the first inner corner P1 and a second joining process for performing frictional stirring on the second inner corner P2 are performed.
- the main joining rotating tool F rotated to the right is inserted into the start position SP set on the inclined surface T2 of the tab material T. In this real view form, it inserts so that the rotation center axis
- the insertion angle of the stirring pin F2 may be set as appropriate, but in this embodiment, the rotation center axis of the main welding rotary tool F is inclined by 45 ° with respect to the vertical plane. That is, friction stirring is performed in a state where the rotation center axis of the main rotating tool F is set perpendicular to the inclined surface 7c.
- the main joining rotating tool F rotated to the right is inserted into the start position set on the inclined surface T3 of the tab material T. In this real view form, it inserts so that the rotation center axis
- friction stir is performed on the butt portion J1 while tracing the inclined surface 8c as it is.
- friction stirring is performed in a state where only the stirring pin F2 is in contact with the metal members 101, 102 and the second auxiliary member 8. That is, friction stirring is performed with the proximal end side of the stirring pin F2 exposed.
- a plasticized region W2 is formed on the movement trajectory of the main rotating tool for welding F.
- the insertion angle of the stirring pin F2 may be set as appropriate, but in this embodiment, the rotation center axis of the main welding rotary tool F is inclined by 45 ° with respect to the vertical plane. That is, the friction stirring is performed in a state where the rotation center axis of the main rotating tool F is set perpendicular to the inclined surface 8c.
- the stirring pin F2 In the second joining step, it is preferable to insert the stirring pin F2 so that at least the plasticizing region W2 comes into contact with the plasticizing region W1, but in this embodiment, the tip of the stirring pin F2 enters the plasticizing region W1. Is set.
- the tab material T is cut out from the metal member to be joined.
- the first auxiliary member 7 and the second auxiliary member 8 are arranged in advance in the first inner corner P1 and the second inner corner P2, respectively, so that the first auxiliary member 7 and the second auxiliary member are arranged.
- metal shortage at the first inner corner P1 and the second inner corner P2 can be solved.
- the air tightness and water tightness of the joint can be increased, and the joint strength is increased. be able to.
- a joining defect may occur in the plasticized region W1 formed in the first joining step, but by performing frictional stirring by inserting the stirring pin F2 into the plasticized region W1 as in the present embodiment, The junction defect can be repaired. Thereby, watertightness and airtightness can be improved more.
- the start position (insertion position) of the main joining rotary tool F in the joining process can be set to the tab material T.
- the start position (insertion position) of a 1st joining process and a 2nd joining process can be set to one tab material T, work efficiency can be improved.
- the inclined surface (tool insertion surface) T2 of the tab material T and the inclined surface (exposed surface) 7c of the first auxiliary member 7 are set to be flush with each other, and the inclined surface (tool insertion surface) T3 of the tab material T is set.
- the inclined surface (exposed surface) 8c of the second auxiliary member 8 are set to be flush with each other, the joining process can be performed smoothly.
- the surfaces into which the stirring pins F2 are inserted are inclined surfaces 7c and 8c.
- the surface (exposed surface) into which the stirring pin F2 is inserted may be a curved surface. In this case, it is preferable to change the shape of the tool insertion surface of the tab material T so as to be flush with the curved surface. Thereby, a joining process can be performed smoothly.
- the joining process may be performed using the tab material T. Also in this case, it is preferable to set the tool insertion surfaces of the tab material T and the exposed surfaces of the weld metals U1 and U2 to be substantially flush with each other.
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Abstract
Description
また、本発明は、攪拌ピンを備えた回転ツールを用いて、突き合わされる面の形状が互いに異なる二つの金属部材を接合する摩擦攪拌接合方法であって、一方の前記金属部材と他方の前記金属部材とを突き合わせて突合せ部を形成する突合せ工程と、前記突合せ部に対して他方の前記金属部材の周方向に亘って補助部材を配置し、前記金属部材同士の内隅を前記補助部材で覆う補助部材配置工程と、回転した前記攪拌ピンを前記内隅に挿入し、前記攪拌ピンのみを前記補助部材及び前記金属部材同士に接触させた状態で、他方の前記金属部材の周方向に亘って前記突合せ部の摩擦攪拌を行う接合工程と、を含むことを特徴とする。
また、一方の前記金属部材は、板状を呈し、他方の前記金属部材は、円柱状を呈し、前記突合せ工程では、一方の前記金属部材の表面と他方の金属部材の端面とを突き合わせることが好ましい。
また、一方の前記金属部材は、板状を呈し、他方の前記金属部材は、筒状を呈し、前記突合せ工程では、一方の前記金属部材の表面と他方の金属部材の端面とを突き合わせることが好ましい。
また、一方の前記金属部材は、板状を呈し、他方の前記金属部材は、円筒状を呈し、前記突合せ工程では、一方の前記金属部材の表面と他方の金属部材の端面とを突き合わせることが好ましい。
また、一方の前記金属部材に貫通孔が形成されており、前記突合せ工程では、前記貫通孔を他方の前記金属部材で覆うか、又は、前記貫通孔と他方の前記金属部材の中空部とを連通させることが好ましい。
次に、本発明の第一実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法について説明する。第一実施形態では、突合せ工程と、タブ材配置工程と、外隅接合工程と、肉盛溶接工程と、内隅接合工程とを含んでいる。
次に、本発明の第二実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法について説明する。第二実施形態では、突合せ工程、外隅接合工程、肉盛溶接工程、内隅接合工程を含むものである。第二実施形態では、溶接により外隅接合工程を行う点で第一実施形態と相違する。
次に、本発明の第三実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法について説明する。第三実施形態では、突合せ工程と、タブ材配置工程と、外隅接合工程と、補助部材配置工程と、内隅接合工程とを含んでいる。
次に、本発明の第四実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法について説明する。第四実施形態では、突合せ工程と、タブ材配置工程と、外隅接合工程と、補助部材配置工程と、内隅接合工程とを含むものである。第四実施形態の外隅接合工程では、小型回転ツールHを用いる点で第三実施形態と相違する。
次に、本発明の第五実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合について説明する。第五実施形態では再外隅接合工程を行う点で、上記した実施形態と相違する。第五実施形態では、上記した実施形態と相違する部分を中心に説明する。
次に、本発明の摩擦攪拌接合の第一変形例について説明する。前記した実施形態では、内隅接合工程を行う際に、金属部材1,2の裏側に裏当材Qを用いたが、図12に示すように内隅接合用架台Rを用いてもよい。
次に、本発明の第六実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法について説明する。本実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法では、突合せ工程と、肉盛溶接工程と、接合工程と、を行う。
次に、本発明の第七実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法について説明する。本実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法では、突合せ部J1に第一補助部材30及び第二補助部材31を配置して摩擦攪拌を行う点で第六実施形態と相違する。第七実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法では、第六実施形態と相違する部分を中心に説明する。
次に、本発明の第八実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法について説明する。本実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法では、円筒状の金属部材を接合する点で第六実施形態と相違する。第八実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法では、第六実施形態と相違する部分を中心に説明する。
次に、本発明の第九実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法について説明する。図22に示すように、本実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法では、突合せ部J2に補助部材50を配置する点で第八実施形態と相違する。第九実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法では、第八実施形態と相違する部分を中心に説明する。
次に、本発明の第十実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法について説明する。本実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法では、突合せ工程と、肉盛溶接工程と、接合工程と、を行う。
次に、本発明の第十一実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法について説明する。本実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法では、第一内隅P1及び第二内隅P2に第一補助部材7及び第二補助部材8をそれぞれ配置する点で第十実施形態と相違する。第十一実施形態に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法では、第十実施形態と相違する部分を中心に説明する。
1a 端面
1b 側面
1c 側面
1d 側面
2 金属部材
2a 端面
2b 側面
2c 側面
2d 側面
3 タブ材
4 タブ材
7 第一補助部材(補助部材)
8 第二補助部材(補助部材)
9 補助部材
10 金属部材
20 金属部材
30 第一補助部材(補助部材)
31 第二補助部材(補助部材)
40 金属部材
50 補助部材
C 仮想基準面
C1 交線
F 本接合用回転ツール
F1 連結部
F2 攪拌ピン
G 大型回転ツール
H 小型回転ツール
M 溶接金属
U1 溶接金属
U2 溶接金属
J1 突合せ部
J2 突合せ部
T タブ材
W 塑性化領域
W1~W4 塑性化領域
Claims (20)
- 攪拌ピンを備えた回転ツールを用いて二つの金属部材を接合する摩擦攪拌接合方法であって、
前記金属部材同士を角度をつけて突き合わせて突合せ部を形成する突合せ工程と、
前記突合せ工程で形成された前記金属部材同士の内隅に肉盛溶接を施して溶接金属で前記内隅を覆う肉盛溶接工程と、
回転した前記攪拌ピンのみを前記溶接金属及び前記内隅に挿入し、前記溶接金属及び前記金属部材同士を塑性流動化させて前記突合せ部の摩擦攪拌接合を行う内隅接合工程と、を含むことを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合方法。 - 攪拌ピンを備えた回転ツールを用いて二つの金属部材を接合する摩擦攪拌接合方法であって、
前記金属部材同士を角度をつけて突き合わせて突合せ部を形成する突合せ工程と、
前記突合せ工程で形成された前記金属部材同士の内隅に補助部材を配置する補助部材配置工程と、
回転した前記攪拌ピンのみを前記補助部材及び前記内隅に挿入し、前記補助部材及び前記金属部材同士を塑性流動化させて前記突合せ部の摩擦攪拌接合を行う内隅接合工程と、を含むことを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合方法。 - 前記突合せ部に対して前記金属部材同士の外隅側から摩擦攪拌接合を行う外隅接合工程を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項又は第2項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。
- 前記外隅接合工程で形成された塑性化領域と、前記内隅接合工程で形成される塑性化領域とを重複させることを特徴とする請求の範囲第3項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。
- 前記突合せ部に対して前記金属部材同士の外隅側から溶接を行う外隅接合工程を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項又は第2項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。
- 前記外隅接合工程で形成された溶接金属と前記内隅接合工程で形成される塑性化領域とを重複させることを特徴とする請求の範囲第5項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。
- 前記突合せ工程では、一方の前記金属部材の側面と、他方の前記金属部材の端面とを突き合わせ、一方の前記金属部材の側面と他方の前記金属部材の側面とでなす内隅の角度がαである場合に、
前記内隅接合工程では、前記側面同士の交線に挿入された前記回転ツールの回転中心軸が、前記交線を通り前記側面とのなす角度がα/2となる仮想基準面と前記一方の前記金属部材の側面との間に位置することを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項又は第2項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。 - 攪拌ピンを備えた回転ツールを用いて、突き合わされる面の形状が互いに異なる二つの金属部材を接合する摩擦攪拌接合方法であって、
一方の前記金属部材と他方の前記金属部材とを突き合わせて突合せ部を形成する突合せ工程と、
前記突合せ部に対して他方の前記金属部材の周方向に亘って肉盛溶接を施し、前記金属部材同士の内隅を溶接金属で覆う肉盛溶接工程と、
回転した前記攪拌ピンを前記内隅に挿入し、前記攪拌ピンのみを前記溶接金属及び前記金属部材同士に接触させた状態で、他方の前記金属部材の周方向に亘って前記突合せ部の摩擦攪拌を行う接合工程と、を含むことを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合方法。 - 攪拌ピンを備えた回転ツールを用いて、突き合わされる面の形状が互いに異なる二つの金属部材を接合する摩擦攪拌接合方法であって、
一方の前記金属部材と他方の前記金属部材とを突き合わせて突合せ部を形成する突合せ工程と、
前記突合せ部に対して他方の前記金属部材の周方向に亘って補助部材を配置し、前記金属部材同士の内隅を前記補助部材で覆う補助部材配置工程と、
回転した前記攪拌ピンを前記内隅に挿入し、前記攪拌ピンのみを前記補助部材及び前記金属部材同士に接触させた状態で、他方の前記金属部材の周方向に亘って前記突合せ部の摩擦攪拌を行う接合工程と、を含むことを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合方法。 - 前記金属部材は、いずれも板状を呈し、
前記突合せ工程では、一方の前記金属部材の表面と他方の前記金属部材の裏面とを突き合わせることを特徴とする請求の範囲第8項又は第9項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。 - 一方の前記金属部材は、板状を呈し、
他方の前記金属部材は、円柱状を呈し、
前記突合せ工程では、一方の前記金属部材の表面と他方の金属部材の端面とを突き合わせることを特徴とする請求の範囲第8項又は第9項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。 - 一方の前記金属部材は、板状を呈し、
他方の前記金属部材は、筒状を呈し、
前記突合せ工程では、一方の前記金属部材の表面と他方の金属部材の端面とを突き合わせることを特徴とする請求の範囲第8項又は第9項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。 - 一方の前記金属部材は、板状を呈し、
他方の前記金属部材は、円筒状を呈し、
前記突合せ工程では、一方の前記金属部材の表面と他方の金属部材の端面とを突き合わせることを特徴とする請求の範囲第8項又は第9項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。 - 一方の前記金属部材に貫通孔が形成されており、
前記突合せ工程では、前記貫通孔を他方の前記金属部材で覆うことを特徴とする請求の範囲第8項又は第9項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。 - 一方の前記金属部材に貫通孔が形成されており、
前記突合せ工程では、前記貫通孔と他方の前記金属部材の中空部とを連通させることを特徴とする請求の範囲第8項又は第9項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。 - 攪拌ピンを備えた回転ツールを用いて二つの金属部材を接合する摩擦攪拌接合方法であって、
一方の金属部材の側面に他方の金属部材の端面を突き合わせて突合せ部を形成することにより正面視T字状の被接合金属部材を形成する突合せ工程と、
前記被接合金属部材の少なくとも一方の内隅に肉盛溶接を施して溶接金属で前記内隅を覆う肉盛溶接工程と、
回転した攪拌ピンを前記内隅に挿入し、前記攪拌ピンのみを前記溶接金属及び前記被接合金属部材に接触させた状態で前記突合せ部の摩擦攪拌を行う接合工程と、を含むことを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合方法。 - 前記肉盛溶接工程では、前記被接合金属部材の二つの内隅に肉盛溶接を施して溶接金属で各内隅を覆い、
前記接合工程では、前記被接合金属部材の二つの内隅の一方に摩擦攪拌を行う第一接合工程と他方に摩擦攪拌を行う第二接合工程とを行い、
前記第二接合工程では、前記第一接合工程で形成された塑性化領域に前記攪拌ピンを入り込ませつつ摩擦攪拌を行うことを特徴とする請求の範囲第16項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。 - 攪拌ピンを備えた回転ツールを用いて二つの金属部材を接合する摩擦攪拌接合方法であって、
一方の金属部材の側面に他方の金属部材の端面を突き合わせて突合せ部を形成することにより正面視T字状の被接合金属部材を形成する突合せ工程と、
前記被接合金属部材の少なくとも一方の内隅に補助部材を配置して前記補助部材で前記内隅を覆う補助部材配置工程と、
回転した攪拌ピンを前記内隅に挿入し、前記攪拌ピンのみを前記補助部材及び前記被接合金属部材に接触させた状態で前記突合せ部の摩擦攪拌を行う接合工程と、を含むことを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合方法。 - 前記補助部材配置工程では、前記被接合金属部材の二つの内隅に前記補助部材をそれぞれ配置して前記補助部材で各内隅を覆い、
前記接合工程では、前記被接合金属部材の二つの内隅の一方に摩擦攪拌を行う第一接合工程と他方に摩擦攪拌を行う第二接合工程とを行い、
前記第二接合工程では、前記第一接合工程で形成された塑性化領域に前記攪拌ピンを入り込ませつつ摩擦攪拌を行うことを特徴とする請求の範囲第18項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。 - 前記突合せ工程後に、二つのツール挿入面を備えたタブ材を前記被接合金属部材の正面に当接するタブ材配置工程を含み、
前記タブ材配置工程では、
一方の前記補助部材の露出面と、前記タブ材の一方の前記ツール挿入面とを面一にするとともに、
他方の前記補助部材の露出面と、前記タブ材の他方の前記ツール挿入面とを面一にすることを特徴とする請求の範囲第19項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3100817A1 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
CN111421220A (zh) | 2020-07-17 |
TW201532719A (zh) | 2015-09-01 |
EP3100817B1 (en) | 2024-01-31 |
CN105358285A (zh) | 2016-02-24 |
EP3100817A4 (en) | 2017-12-13 |
US20170001257A1 (en) | 2017-01-05 |
CN105358285B (zh) | 2021-09-03 |
CN111421220B (zh) | 2022-01-25 |
TWI589381B (zh) | 2017-07-01 |
US10906127B2 (en) | 2021-02-02 |
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