WO2015074407A1 - Solar integrated photoelectric photo-thermal component and solar cogeneration system thereof - Google Patents

Solar integrated photoelectric photo-thermal component and solar cogeneration system thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015074407A1
WO2015074407A1 PCT/CN2014/079554 CN2014079554W WO2015074407A1 WO 2015074407 A1 WO2015074407 A1 WO 2015074407A1 CN 2014079554 W CN2014079554 W CN 2014079554W WO 2015074407 A1 WO2015074407 A1 WO 2015074407A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
metal
solar
heat exchanger
photovoltaic panel
corrugated
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/079554
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张行星
许鹰
徐吉浣
Original Assignee
南通星昀能源科技有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 南通星昀能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 南通星昀能源科技有限公司
Priority to AU2014352534A priority Critical patent/AU2014352534A1/en
Publication of WO2015074407A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015074407A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/052—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells
    • H01L31/0521—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells using a gaseous or a liquid coolant, e.g. air flow ventilation, water circulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/20—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications using renewable energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cogeneration system, and more particularly to a solar cogeneration system.
  • Cogeneration is a total energy system based on the concept of energy cascade utilization that integrates heating (or cooling) and power generation processes. It can use cascaded energy of different qualities. The higher temperature, the heat energy with larger usable energy is used to generate electricity, while the lower grade heat energy with lower temperature is used for heating or cooling. This not only improves energy efficiency, but also reduces emissions of carbides and harmful gases, and has good economic and social benefits.
  • the solar-powered cogeneration system is realized by a combination of a photovoltaic cell and a solar water heater, wherein
  • the conversion efficiency of the common photovoltaic cell module is generally about 5 to 18%, the conversion rate is low, and the cost is high; and when the operating temperature of the photovoltaic cell module is gradually increased, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is lowered, and the service life of the battery stack is affected; Therefore, domestic use in this field is less, mainly in the research field. If the photovoltaic cell is cooled in time, not only can the waste heat generated by the conversion process be effectively utilized, but also the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be improved, thereby improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy per unit area, greatly reducing the cost of photovoltaic light heat, and facilitating large-scale promotion.
  • Air-cooled photoelectric thermal technology is generally through natural convection or auxiliary machinery. Ventilation uses outdoor air to cool the photovoltaic cells.
  • the liquid-cooled photoelectric photothermal technology is generally based on a conventional solar collector, and is coated with a layer of photovoltaic cells to realize cogeneration, which can be further divided into a tube plate type, a wing tube type, a coil type, a flat box type, and the like. Heat pipe type.
  • the heat utilization efficiency of liquid-cooled photoelectric photothermal technology is generally relatively high, which is determined by the higher thermodynamic properties of liquids (usually water, acetone, ammonia, etc. as a medium).
  • the heat collecting structure used is complicated, the cost is high, and the thermal resistance to contact with the photovoltaic panel is very large, and it is often necessary to use a thermal conductive silica gel or an additional laser welding substrate to wrap the substrate to solve the heat collecting structure.
  • Contact problems with photovoltaic panels; in addition, the fins of such collector structures are generally very inefficient (typically a section of tubing is laid at intervals) and the flow resistance (pressure loss) of the working medium is generally high. Therefore, in summary, the technology has limited ability to improve photoelectric efficiency and solar energy utilization efficiency, and is not suitable for large-scale engineering promotion.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a The solar heat and power cogeneration system with simple and compact structure, high thermal efficiency and small pressure loss can facilitate the transformation of the existing solar water heating system, reduce the cost and improve the application feasibility.
  • a solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component including overlapping settings in turn a photovoltaic panel, a sheet metal heat exchanger and a layer of insulating material; a metal frame for mounting a photovoltaic panel, a thin metal plate heat exchanger and a layer of insulating material, the metal frame being side framed and side The back frame of the back of the frame is formed; the photovoltaic panel is fixed in the side frame of the metal frame, and a gap for mounting the thin metal plate heat exchanger and the insulating material layer is left between the back frame; the thin metal plate heat exchanger is a planar metal plate body integrally contacting the back surface of the photovoltaic panel, the planar metal plate body It consists of two sheets of metal sheets placed in parallel by hermetic sealing and has a turbulent flow of heat exchange medium.
  • the metal frame is fastened between the back surface of the photovoltaic panel and the metal frame; specifically, the metal clip is a U-shaped elastic metal piece, and a plurality of metal clips are arranged on the side of the heat insulating material layer.
  • a U-shaped elastic metal member is built in the metal fixing clip receiving cavity; the U-shaped elastic metal member is embedded between the photovoltaic panel and the back frame after the metal thin plate heat exchanger and the insulating material layer are embedded, and one end is pressed against the metal thin plate The other end of the heat exchanger is placed against the back frame of the metal frame, and the front side of the thin metal plate heat exchanger is pressed against the back surface of the photovoltaic panel by elastic deformation force.
  • the side frame and the back frame of the metal outer frame may be integrally formed, or may be split and fixed by bolts or buckles.
  • the thin metal plate heat exchanger can form a heat exchange array by connecting the tubes in series or in parallel.
  • the planar metal plate body Among the two metal sheets, one is a corrugated flat sheet, and the other is a corrugated sheet which is formed by forming a guide protrusion or a rib on the inner side surface.
  • the non-corrugated planar sheet in the flat metal plate body is in close contact with the back surface of the photovoltaic panel.
  • the corrugated sheet is placed against the layer of insulating material.
  • the corrugated sheet is a bubbling corrugation.
  • the inner side of the corrugated sheet is stamped and formed with a plurality of rows of uniformly distributed guide protrusions, and the guide protrusions of the adjacent rows are staggered.
  • the corrugated sheet is a straight strip corrugated, specifically: the inner side of the corrugated sheet is stamped and formed from the liquid inlet side to the liquid discharge side with a plurality of straight strip-shaped guide ribs arranged in parallel with each other, and the adjacent row The flow passages of the flow guiding ribs are staggered.
  • the corrugated sheet is a herringbone corrugated shape, specifically: the inner side surface of the corrugated sheet is stamped and formed on the liquid discharge side from the liquid inlet side to a plurality of herringbone guide ribs arranged in parallel with each other, and the adjacent row of guide ribs The runners are staggered.
  • one end of the U-shaped elastic metal member against the thin metal plate heat exchanger is provided with a metal foil having a thickness smaller than a thickness of the U-shaped elastic metal member and a U-shaped elastic connecting the metal foil The outer surface of one end of the metal member is flush with the outer surface of the metal foil.
  • a solar cogeneration system based on the above-mentioned solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component, which is innovative: including a bracket, a solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component, a working medium circulation system, and a solar power generation system, wherein the solar photovoltaic thermal integrated component is disposed on the support according to a sun height angle;
  • the photovoltaic solar panel includes a metal frame, and a thin metal plate heat exchanger and a heat insulating material layer disposed in parallel on the back side of the photovoltaic panel;
  • the solar power generation system includes a solar charge and discharge controller, an inverter, a battery, and a grid-connected inverter, and the solar charge and discharge controller has An integrated component with solar photovoltaic light and heat Photovoltaic panel
  • the charging port of the wiring port is electrically connected, a charging and discharging interface electrically connected to the battery, a discharging interface connected to the grid-connected inverter, and a discharging interface connected to the in
  • the quality inlet pipe is connected with the working medium outlet of the thin metal plate heat exchanger, and the liquid outlet end of the coil heat exchanger is connected with the working medium inlet of the thin metal plate heat exchanger through the working medium outlet pipe, and the working medium outlet pipe is connected
  • a circulation pump is provided, which is powered by a solar power generation system.
  • the thin metal plate heat exchanger is formed by stacking two sheets of metal sheets which are parallel to each other and have irregular corrugated surfaces. A thin flow path with unequal sections is formed between the sheets, and the working medium and the photovoltaic battery back are passed through the circulation. The board exchanges heat directly. Because the heat exchanger is a flat structure, it can be seamlessly bonded to the photovoltaic battery back plate, completely eliminating the influence of contact thermal resistance. In the case of the same pressure loss, the heat transfer coefficient is 3-5 times higher than that of the tube-plate type heat collecting structure, and the heat recovery rate can be as high as 90% or more.
  • the metal clips are made of high-strength metal such as aluminum alloy and stainless steel, and U-shaped elastic metal parts are formed at one time. It has good hardness, flexibility, tensile strength, corrosion resistance and wear resistance.
  • the metal fixing clip can directly fasten the thin metal plate heat exchanger between the side frame and the back plate of the photovoltaic cell, so that the heat exchange structure and the photovoltaic battery back plate can be seamlessly and closely adhered. It can realize the purpose of directly transforming photovoltaic panels into photoelectric photothermal integrated components on site, reducing costs. .
  • the entire contact process does not use any other bonding material, which not only reduces the additional thermal resistance, but also reduces the cost of the entire assembly.
  • the front end of the U-shaped elastic metal member has a metal foil.
  • the utility model can better press the metal thin plate heat exchanger; at the same time, when disassembling, the elastic deformation force of the metal foil can be smoothly taken, and the utility model can be conveniently disassembled by using a tool pliers or the like.
  • the thin metal plate heat exchanger is slightly smaller than the photovoltaic panel for smooth installation, and the thermal insulation material layer can be uniformly dimensioned in the photovoltaic panel, which can be installed and assembled by slight deformation. Convenient and fast; when the metal frame is separated, the thin metal plate heat exchanger, the photovoltaic panel and the thermal insulation material layer can be made into a uniform specification, and the split form is favorable for the existing The photovoltaic panels were retrofitted.
  • the corrugated sheet is usually made of a thin plate of stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, molybdenum or the like having a thickness of 0.5 to 3 mm, and can be customized according to the length and width of the photovoltaic panel. its High heat transfer coefficient, small pressure loss, high pressure, corrosion resistance, simple production process, high standard production and low cost.
  • the metal sheets can be pressed into corrugations of various shapes by using various types of grinding tools, and four corner holes are formed in the two corners of the corrugated sheets as the inlet and outlet passages of the working medium.
  • the corrugated form of the metal sheet is mainly herringbone corrugated, straight corrugated, horizontal corrugated, trapezoidal straight corrugated, meandering corrugated and bubbling type.
  • the thermal insulation material can reduce the heat loss of the thin metal plate heat exchanger to the surrounding environment to improve the heat collection efficiency of the assembly.
  • Insulation materials need to have small thermal conductivity, no water absorption, and a certain hardness.
  • the thickness is generally 3-5 cm. Commonly used insulation materials are polystyrene, polyurethane and the like.
  • the heat insulating material can be opened according to different inlet and outlet pipe diameters of the working medium.
  • the photovoltaic panel output energy of the solar cogeneration system
  • the thin metal plate heat exchanger circulates the working medium, exchanges heat with the photovoltaic cell and transfers it to the storage tank for storage; part of the electric energy generated by the system is used to drive the circulating pump, and another part of the electric energy is used for grid connection or Stored in the battery to meet the additional power load; at the same time, the solar photovoltaic panel is cooled, the photoelectric efficiency is improved, the life of the photovoltaic battery is increased to achieve hot spot production, and the utilization of data is greatly improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of a solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated assembly of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the solar photovoltaic thermal integrated component of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a rear view of the solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a metal outer frame in the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a metal thin plate heat exchanger, a heat insulating material layer and a metal fixing clip metal mounting frame according to the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a metal fixing clip in the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a thin metal plate heat exchanger having bubbling corrugations in the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a front elevational view of a bubble-shaped corrugated sheet in the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a three-dimensional assembly view of a thin metal plate heat exchanger having a bubble type corrugation according to the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a front elevational view of a straight strip corrugated sheet in the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a front elevational view of a straight strip corrugated sheet in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a front elevational view of a herringbone corrugated sheet in the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a vertical connection array of solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated components in the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is a horizontal joint array of solar photovoltaic light-heat integration components in the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a solar-power cogeneration system based on the above-mentioned solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component.
  • the present invention discloses a solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component including a photovoltaic panel. 20, and a thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 and an insulating material layer 17 disposed in parallel on the back side of the photovoltaic panel 20 in parallel.
  • a metal frame 21 for mounting the photovoltaic panel 20, the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 and the insulating material layer 17, as shown in Fig. 5, the metal frame 21 being covered by the side frame 21a and the side frame 21a
  • the back frame 21b is constructed.
  • the photovoltaic panel 20 is fixed in the side frame 21a of the metal frame 21, and a gap for mounting the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 and the insulating material layer 17 is left between the back frame 21b.
  • the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 is a planar metal plate body integrally contacting the back surface of the photovoltaic panel 20, the planar metal plate body It consists of two sheets of metal sheets placed in parallel by hermetic sealing and has a turbulent flow of heat exchange medium. a channel, and a working medium inlet 19 having at least one turbulent passage communicating with the heat exchange medium and at least one working fluid outlet 16 communicating with the turbulent passage of the heat exchange medium; in the solar photovoltaic thermal integration module, the photovoltaic panel 20
  • the upper portion also has a wiring port 22, and the intermediate top portions of the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 and the insulating material layer 17 are left blank for wiring of the wiring port 22 of the photovoltaic panel 20.
  • the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 and the heat insulating material layer 17 are fastened between the back surface of the photovoltaic panel 20 and the metal outer frame 21 by the metal fixing clip 15 in cooperation with the back frame 21b of the metal outer frame 21.
  • the metal fixing clip 15 is a U-shaped elastic metal piece, and a plurality of metal fixing clip accommodating cavities are disposed on the side of the heat insulating material layer 17 , and the U-shaped elastic metal piece is built in the metal fixing clip to accommodate Cavity
  • the metal thin plate heat exchanger 18 and the heat insulating material layer 17 are embedded between the photovoltaic panel 20 and the back frame 21b
  • one end of the U-shaped elastic metal member is pressed against the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18, and the other end is pressed against the metal outer frame 21
  • the back frame 21b and the front side of the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 are pressed against the back surface of the photovoltaic panel 20 by an elastic deformation force.
  • a metal foil 18a is provided at one end of the U-shaped elastic metal member against the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18, and the thickness of the metal foil 18a is smaller than that of the U-shaped elastic metal.
  • the thickness of the member 18, and the outer surface of one end of the U-shaped elastic metal member to which the metal foil 18a is attached is flush with the outer surface of the metal foil 18a.
  • one end of the U-shaped elastic metal member is pressed against the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18, and a thin metal piece having a thickness smaller than the thickness of the elastic metal member is machined by machining the inner surface of the end.
  • the side frame 21a and the back frame 21b of the metal outer frame 21 may be integrally formed, or may be connected and fixed by a bolt or a snap.
  • the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 is slightly smaller than the photovoltaic panel 20 for smooth installation, and the thermal insulation material layer 17 is uniform in size of the photovoltaic panel 20, which can be installed by slightly deforming, and is convenient and quick to assemble;
  • the outer frame 21 is separated, the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18, the photovoltaic panel 20 and the thermal insulation material layer 17 can be made into a uniform specification, and the split form is advantageous for the existing The photovoltaic panels were retrofitted.
  • the photovoltaic panel 21, the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 and the insulating material layer 17 are rectangular, and the working medium inlet 19 and the working fluid outlet 16 are respectively two and open at right angles of the rectangular corners.
  • the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 is a flat metal plate body.
  • One of the two metal sheets is a corrugated flat sheet 24, and the other sheet is a corrugated sheet 25 which is formed with a flow guiding projection or a rib on the inner side surface.
  • the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 of the present invention as a whole No non-metallic sealing material is used; corrugated sheets are made of thin plates of stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, molybdenum, etc. with a thickness of 0.5 to 3 mm, which can be customized according to the length and width of the photovoltaic panels, and by using different forms.
  • the abrasive tool is pressed into corrugations of various shapes.
  • the corrugated flat sheet 24 in the flat metal plate body is in close contact with the back surface of the photovoltaic panel 21,
  • the corrugated sheet 25 is in close contact with the layer of insulating material 17.
  • the corrugated sheet 25 is a bubble type corrugation, specifically: a corrugated sheet 25
  • the inner side is stamped and formed with a plurality of rows of uniformly distributed guide projections, and the guide projections of the adjacent rows are staggered; the periphery of the non-corrugated planar sheet 24 and the corrugated sheet 25 are surrounded.
  • a turbulent passage 23 of the heat exchange medium which distributes the guide projections in the rectangular inner cavity is formed.
  • the corrugated sheet 25 may also be a straight corrugated strip, specifically: a corrugated sheet 25
  • the inner side of the inner side is stamped and formed on the side of the liquid discharge side with a plurality of straight-shaped guide ribs arranged in parallel with each other, and the flow passage openings of the adjacent rows of the flow guiding ribs are staggered, and the straight strip-shaped guide ribs are arranged here. It can be set in parallel or vertically depending on the installation requirements.
  • Corrugated sheet having vertical or parallel straight strip guiding ribs 25 After welding with the corrugated flat sheet 24, a turbulent passage 28 of the heat exchange medium or a turbulent passage of the heat exchange medium 29 is formed.
  • the corrugated sheet 25 may also be a herringbone corrugation, specifically: a corrugated sheet 25
  • the inner side of the inner side is stamped and formed on the side of the liquid discharge side with a plurality of herringbone guide ribs arranged in parallel with each other, and the flow passage openings of the adjacent rows of the flow guiding ribs are staggered to form a turbulent passage 30 of the heat exchange medium.
  • the thin metal plate heat exchanger can form a heat exchange array in series or in parallel through connecting pipes.
  • Figures 14 and 15 show two horizontal series and vertical series couplings of an array of solar photovoltaic thermal integrated components that are connected to form a heat exchange matrix by using standard plumbing connections 26.
  • the present invention also discloses a solar cogeneration system based on the above solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component, which comprises a bracket 2 , solar photovoltaic light and heat integrated components 1, working medium circulation system and solar power generation system.
  • the solar photovoltaic thermal integrated component 1 is disposed on the bracket 2 according to the inclination angle of the sun; it comprises a photovoltaic panel with a metal frame 21 20, and a thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 and an insulating material layer 17 disposed in parallel on the back side of the photovoltaic panel in parallel.
  • the solar power generation system includes a solar charge and discharge controller 11, an inverter 12, a battery 13 and a grid-connected inverter 14, and the solar charge and discharge controller 11 has a photovoltaic panel integrated with the solar photovoltaic thermal integrated component 1.
  • the charging port of the wiring port 22 is electrically connected, a charging and discharging interface electrically connected to the battery 13, a discharging interface connected to the grid-connected inverter 14, and a discharging interface connected to the inverter 12.
  • the solar charging and discharging controller 11 turns on the connection of the photovoltaic panel 20 and the battery 13, and charges the battery 13; In the power state, the solar charging and discharging controller 11 selects the photovoltaic panel 20 or the battery 13 as the power source according to the voltage of the photovoltaic panel 20 and the battery 13, and passes through the inverter 12 Or grid-connected inverter 14 discharge.
  • the working medium circulation system comprises a heat preservation water tank 6, a coil heat exchanger 5, a circulation pump 3, a working medium inlet pipeline 4, a working medium outlet pipeline 9, and a heat preservation water tank 6 built a coil heat exchanger 5, coil heat exchanger
  • the liquid inlet end of the device 5 communicates with the working medium outlet of the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 through the working medium inlet pipe 4, and the liquid discharging end of the coil heat exchanger 5 passes through the working medium outlet pipe 9 and the thin metal plate heat exchange.
  • the working fluid inlet of the device 19 is connected, and the working fluid outlet pipe 9 is provided with a circulation pump 3, which is powered by the solar power generation system.
  • a water replenishing valve 7 and a hot water valve 8 are provided on the insulated water tank 6.
  • a liquid level switch is also provided in the insulated water tank 6, and a controller for automatically controlling the opening and closing of the water supply valve 7 according to the liquid level switch signal is known.
  • a controller for automatically controlling the opening and closing of the water supply valve 7 according to the liquid level switch signal is known. This is a well-known technology of the solar water heater, and will not be described herein.
  • the overall working principle of the solar cogeneration system is:
  • the solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component generates energy by absorbing solar energy by the photovoltaic panel, and the generated electrical energy is connected to the solar charging and discharging controller 11 through the electric wire 10, and part of the electric energy is converted by the inverter 12 for use by the circulating pump or other load. Another part of the electrical energy is directly stored in the battery 13 or directly input to the public power grid through the grid-connected inverter 14. The capacity of each component of the system is determined according to the actual conditions of the project.
  • the temperature of the photovoltaic panel rises, and the circulating medium with lower temperature enters the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 of the photoelectric photothermal integrated component through the working medium inlet pipe 4 under the action of the circulating pump 3,
  • the solar heat will be transferred from the photovoltaic panel 20 to the circulating working medium having a lower temperature in the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18, and the coiled heat exchange returned to the insulated water tank 6 through the working medium outlet line 9 after the temperature of the circulating medium rises.
  • the device 5 exchanges heat with the cold water in the insulated water tank, and stores the heat in the heat insulating water tank 6 in the form of hot water.
  • the temperature of the working medium is lowered, and the next cycle of the circulation pump 3 is started.
  • the hot water can be sent to the user through the control valve 8.
  • the control valve 7 can be opened for cold water supply.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A solar integrated photoelectric photo-thermal component and a solar cogeneration system thereof, comprising a photovoltaic cell panel provided with a metal outer frame, and a metal sheet-type heat exchanger and a thermal insulation material layer that are sequentially arranged at a back side of the photovoltaic cell panel in parallel and in an overlapping manner. The metal sheet-type heat exchanger and the thermal insulation material layer are quickly fastened in the metal outer frame of the photovoltaic cell panel through a metal retaining clip, which can quickly and directly transform the standard photovoltaic cell panel into the photoelectric photo-thermal component. The photoelectric photo-thermal component is provided with features such as compact structure, high efficiency, little pressure loss, light weight, flexible installation, high pressure bearing applicability, corrosion resistance and low cost. Thus, initial investment and installation space of a medium-low temperature solar thermoelectric system are reduced, operating costs of the system are reduced, and civil and industrial occasions with thermoelectric requirements are applicable.

Description

太阳能光电光热一体化组件及其太阳能热电联产*** Solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component and solar cogeneration system 太阳能光电光热一体化组件及其太阳能热电联产***Solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component and solar cogeneration system
技术领域 Technical field
本发明涉及 一种 热电联产*** ，特别涉及一种 太阳能热电联产***。 The present invention relates to a cogeneration system, and more particularly to a solar cogeneration system.
背景技术 Background technique
冷热电联产是一种建立在能量梯级利用概念基础上，将制热（或制冷）及发电过程一体化的总能***。其能够对不同品质的能量进行梯级利用，温度比较高的、具有较大可用能的热能用来被发电，而温度比较低的低品位热能则被用来供热或是制冷。这样做不仅提高了能源的利用效率，而且减少了碳化物和有害气体的排放，具有良好的经济效益和社会效益。 Cogeneration is a total energy system based on the concept of energy cascade utilization that integrates heating (or cooling) and power generation processes. It can use cascaded energy of different qualities. The higher temperature, the heat energy with larger usable energy is used to generate electricity, while the lower grade heat energy with lower temperature is used for heating or cooling. This not only improves energy efficiency, but also reduces emissions of carbides and harmful gases, and has good economic and social benefits.
太阳能 热电联产***中采用光伏电池与太阳能热水器相结合的方式实现， 其中 ，普通光伏电池组件的转换效率一般约为5～18%，转化率低、成本高；且当光伏电池组件的工作温度逐渐升高后，其光电转换效率降低，并影响电池堆的使用寿命；因此国内在此领域的实际使用较少，主要处于研究领域。若及时将光伏电池冷却，不仅能有效利用转换过程所产生的余热，而且可提高光电转换效率，从而提高单位面积的太阳能综合利用效率，大大降低光伏光热的成本，有利于大规模推广。 The solar-powered cogeneration system is realized by a combination of a photovoltaic cell and a solar water heater, wherein The conversion efficiency of the common photovoltaic cell module is generally about 5 to 18%, the conversion rate is low, and the cost is high; and when the operating temperature of the photovoltaic cell module is gradually increased, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is lowered, and the service life of the battery stack is affected; Therefore, domestic use in this field is less, mainly in the research field. If the photovoltaic cell is cooled in time, not only can the waste heat generated by the conversion process be effectively utilized, but also the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be improved, thereby improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy per unit area, greatly reducing the cost of photovoltaic light heat, and facilitating large-scale promotion.
此外，目前国内外的中低温光电光热技术品种繁多，按照冷却光伏电池的方法主要可分为风冷式和液冷式两种：风冷式光电光热技术一般是通过自然对流或者辅助机械通风利用室外空气对光伏电池进行冷却。液冷式光电光热技术一般是在常规太阳能集热器的基础上，贴敷上一层光伏电池实现热电联供，其又可分为管板式、翼管式、蛇管式、扁盒式以及热管式。 In addition, there are many kinds of low-temperature photoelectric photothermal technology at home and abroad. According to the method of cooling photovoltaic cells, it can be mainly divided into air-cooled and liquid-cooled. Air-cooled photoelectric thermal technology is generally through natural convection or auxiliary machinery. Ventilation uses outdoor air to cool the photovoltaic cells. The liquid-cooled photoelectric photothermal technology is generally based on a conventional solar collector, and is coated with a layer of photovoltaic cells to realize cogeneration, which can be further divided into a tube plate type, a wing tube type, a coil type, a flat box type, and the like. Heat pipe type.
虽然中低温的光电光热技术种类较多，但却有着各自的缺点：风冷式光电光热技术的热利用效率非常低，主要原因是因为空气的热力学属性较差，因此该技术只能非常有限地提升光电效率和太阳能综合利用效率；而且在某些场合该技术受限于建筑通风***，应用范围较小。 Although there are many types of low-temperature photoelectric photothermal technology, they have their own shortcomings: the heat utilization efficiency of air-cooled photoelectric photothermal technology is very low, mainly because the thermodynamic properties of air are poor, so the technology can only be very The photovoltaic efficiency and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy are limitedly improved; and in some cases, the technology is limited by the building ventilation system, and the application range is small.
液冷式光电光热技术的热利用效率一般相对而言比较高，这是由于液体（通常是水、丙酮、氨等作为介质）的较高热力学属性决定的。不过该技术依然存在许多的缺陷：所采用的集热结构复杂、造价高，且与光电板的接触热阻非常大，经常需要利用导热硅胶或者额外的激光焊接基板、包裹基板来解决集热结构与光电板之间的接触问题；此外通常这类集热结构的肋片效率非常较低（一般每隔一段距离铺设一段管路），并且工作介质的流动阻力（压力损失）一般较高。因此综上所述，该技术对光电效率和太阳能综合利用效率的提升能力亦有限，而且不适合大规模地工程推广。 The heat utilization efficiency of liquid-cooled photoelectric photothermal technology is generally relatively high, which is determined by the higher thermodynamic properties of liquids (usually water, acetone, ammonia, etc. as a medium). However, there are still many defects in this technology: the heat collecting structure used is complicated, the cost is high, and the thermal resistance to contact with the photovoltaic panel is very large, and it is often necessary to use a thermal conductive silica gel or an additional laser welding substrate to wrap the substrate to solve the heat collecting structure. Contact problems with photovoltaic panels; in addition, the fins of such collector structures are generally very inefficient (typically a section of tubing is laid at intervals) and the flow resistance (pressure loss) of the working medium is generally high. Therefore, in summary, the technology has limited ability to improve photoelectric efficiency and solar energy utilization efficiency, and is not suitable for large-scale engineering promotion.
因此研发一种 结构简单紧凑、热效率高、压损小且易于推广的太阳能热电联产***势在必行，经检索相关文献，未发现与本发明技术方案相同的太阳能热电联产***。 So develop a kind A solar-power cogeneration system with simple and compact structure, high thermal efficiency, small pressure loss and easy promotion is imperative. After searching related documents, the same solar-power cogeneration system as the technical solution of the present invention has not been found.
发明内容 Summary of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种 结构简单紧凑、热效率高、压损小的太阳能热电联产***，并能够方便现有太阳能热水***的改造，降低成本，提高应用可行性。 The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a The solar heat and power cogeneration system with simple and compact structure, high thermal efficiency and small pressure loss can facilitate the transformation of the existing solar water heating system, reduce the cost and improve the application feasibility.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案为： 一种 太阳能光电光热一体化组件 ，其创新点在于：包括依次重叠设置的 光伏电池板、金属薄板式换热器和保温材料层；还包括一个用于安装光伏电池板、金属薄板式换热器和保温材料层的金属外框，该金属外框由侧框以及与侧框背面的背框构成；光伏电池板固定在金属外框的侧框内，并与背框之间留有用于安装金属薄板式换热器和保温材料层的间隙；金属薄板式换热器为一个与光伏电池板背面整体接触的平面金属板体，所述平面金属板体 由两片平行设置的金属薄板通过全密封焊接构成，并具有一个 换热介质 紊流 通道，以及具有至少一个与换热介质紊流通道连通的工质进口和至少一个与换热介质紊流通道连通的工质出口；所述金属薄板式换热器和保温材料层通过金属固定夹与金属外框的背框配合快速固定在光伏电池板背面与金属外框之间；具体为：金属固定夹为一U形弹性金属件，保温材料层的侧边上分布有若干金属固定夹容纳腔，该U形弹性金属件内置于金属固定夹容纳腔；所述U形弹性金属件在金属薄板式换热器与保温材料层嵌入光伏电池板与背框之间后，一端抵住金属薄板式换热器，另一端抵住金属外框的背框，并通过弹性形变力将金属薄板式换热器的正面紧贴住光伏电池板的背面。 In order to solve the above technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is: A solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component The innovation is: including overlapping settings in turn a photovoltaic panel, a sheet metal heat exchanger and a layer of insulating material; a metal frame for mounting a photovoltaic panel, a thin metal plate heat exchanger and a layer of insulating material, the metal frame being side framed and side The back frame of the back of the frame is formed; the photovoltaic panel is fixed in the side frame of the metal frame, and a gap for mounting the thin metal plate heat exchanger and the insulating material layer is left between the back frame; the thin metal plate heat exchanger is a planar metal plate body integrally contacting the back surface of the photovoltaic panel, the planar metal plate body It consists of two sheets of metal sheets placed in parallel by hermetic sealing and has a turbulent flow of heat exchange medium. a passage, and a working medium inlet having at least one communicating with the turbulent passage of the heat exchange medium and at least one working medium outlet communicating with the turbulent passage of the heat exchange medium; the thin metal plate heat exchanger and the insulating material layer passing through the metal fixing clip The metal frame is fastened between the back surface of the photovoltaic panel and the metal frame; specifically, the metal clip is a U-shaped elastic metal piece, and a plurality of metal clips are arranged on the side of the heat insulating material layer. a U-shaped elastic metal member is built in the metal fixing clip receiving cavity; the U-shaped elastic metal member is embedded between the photovoltaic panel and the back frame after the metal thin plate heat exchanger and the insulating material layer are embedded, and one end is pressed against the metal thin plate The other end of the heat exchanger is placed against the back frame of the metal frame, and the front side of the thin metal plate heat exchanger is pressed against the back surface of the photovoltaic panel by elastic deformation force.
优选的，所述金属外框的侧框与背框可整体成形，也可以采用分体式，由螺栓或卡扣等连接固定。 Preferably, the side frame and the back frame of the metal outer frame may be integrally formed, or may be split and fixed by bolts or buckles.
优选的， 所述 金属薄板式换热器可通过连接管件依次串联或并联构成换热阵列。 Preferably, the thin metal plate heat exchanger can form a heat exchange array by connecting the tubes in series or in parallel.
优选的， 所述 平面金属板体 的两片金属薄板中，一片为无波纹平面薄板，另一片为在内侧表面冲压成型出导流凸起或凸筋的波纹状薄板。 Preferably, the planar metal plate body Among the two metal sheets, one is a corrugated flat sheet, and the other is a corrugated sheet which is formed by forming a guide protrusion or a rib on the inner side surface.
优选的， 所述 平面金属板体 中的无波纹平面薄板紧贴 光伏电池板背面， 波纹状薄板紧贴保温材料层。 Preferably, the non-corrugated planar sheet in the flat metal plate body is in close contact with the back surface of the photovoltaic panel. The corrugated sheet is placed against the layer of insulating material.
优选的， 所述波纹状薄板为鼓泡式波纹，具体为：波纹状薄板的内侧面冲压成型有若干排均匀分布的导向凸起，且相邻排的导向凸起错开设置。 Preferably, The corrugated sheet is a bubbling corrugation. Specifically, the inner side of the corrugated sheet is stamped and formed with a plurality of rows of uniformly distributed guide protrusions, and the guide protrusions of the adjacent rows are staggered.
优选的， 所述波纹状薄板为直条形波纹，具体为：波纹状薄板的内侧面自进液侧向出液侧冲压成型有若干相互平行设置的直条形导流凸筋，且所述相邻排导流凸筋的流道口错开设置。 Preferably, The corrugated sheet is a straight strip corrugated, specifically: the inner side of the corrugated sheet is stamped and formed from the liquid inlet side to the liquid discharge side with a plurality of straight strip-shaped guide ribs arranged in parallel with each other, and the adjacent row The flow passages of the flow guiding ribs are staggered.
优选的， 所述波纹状薄板为人字形波纹，具体为：波纹状薄板的内侧面自进液侧向出液侧冲压成型有若干相互平行设置的人字形导流凸筋，所述相邻排导流凸筋的流道口错开设置。 Preferably, The corrugated sheet is a herringbone corrugated shape, specifically: the inner side surface of the corrugated sheet is stamped and formed on the liquid discharge side from the liquid inlet side to a plurality of herringbone guide ribs arranged in parallel with each other, and the adjacent row of guide ribs The runners are staggered.
优选的，在所述U形弹性金属件中抵住金属薄板式换热器的一端设置有金属薄片，该金属薄片的厚度小于U形弹性金属件的厚度，且连接有金属薄片的U形弹性金属件一端外表面与金属薄片外表面齐平。 Preferably, one end of the U-shaped elastic metal member against the thin metal plate heat exchanger is provided with a metal foil having a thickness smaller than a thickness of the U-shaped elastic metal member and a U-shaped elastic connecting the metal foil The outer surface of one end of the metal member is flush with the outer surface of the metal foil.
还提供一种基于上述 太阳能光电光热一体化组件的 太阳能热电联产***，其创新点在于：包括支架、 太阳能光电光热一体化组件 、工作介质循环***和太阳能发电***，太阳能光电光热一体化组件根据太阳高度角倾斜设置在支架上；其 包括一具有金属外框的光伏电池板，以及 依次平行且重叠设置在光伏电池板背面的金属薄板式换热器和保温材料层；太阳能发电***包括太阳能充放电控制器、逆变器、蓄电池和并网逆变器，太阳能充放电控制器具有一个与太阳能光电光热一体化组件的 光伏电池板 接线端口电连接的充电接口，一个与蓄电池电连接的充放电接口，一个与并网逆变器连接的放电接口，以及一个与逆变器连接的放电接口；充电状态，由太阳能充放电控制器接通 光伏电池板与蓄电池的连接，对蓄电池充电； 用电状态，由太阳能充放电控制器根据 光伏电池板与蓄电池的电压选用光伏电池板或蓄电池作为电源，并通过逆变器或并网逆变器放电； 工作介质循环***包括保温水箱、盘管换热器、循环泵、工质进口管路、工质出口管路，保温水箱内置一盘管换热器，盘管换热器的进液端通过工质进口管路与金属薄板式换热器的工质出口连通，盘管换热器的出液端通过工质出口管路与金属薄板式换热器的工质进口连通，工质出口管路上设置有循环泵，该循环泵由太阳能发电***供电。 There is also provided a solar cogeneration system based on the above-mentioned solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component, which is innovative: including a bracket, a solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component, a working medium circulation system, and a solar power generation system, wherein the solar photovoltaic thermal integrated component is disposed on the support according to a sun height angle; the photovoltaic solar panel includes a metal frame, and a thin metal plate heat exchanger and a heat insulating material layer disposed in parallel on the back side of the photovoltaic panel; the solar power generation system includes a solar charge and discharge controller, an inverter, a battery, and a grid-connected inverter, and the solar charge and discharge controller has An integrated component with solar photovoltaic light and heat Photovoltaic panel The charging port of the wiring port is electrically connected, a charging and discharging interface electrically connected to the battery, a discharging interface connected to the grid-connected inverter, and a discharging interface connected to the inverter; the charging state is controlled by the solar charging and discharging controller Connect The connection between the photovoltaic panel and the battery, charging the battery; the state of electricity, by the solar charge and discharge controller according to The voltage of the photovoltaic panel and the battery is selected from a photovoltaic panel or a battery as a power source, and is discharged through an inverter or a grid-connected inverter; The working medium circulation system includes a heat preservation water tank, a coil heat exchanger, a circulation pump, a working medium inlet pipeline, a working medium outlet pipeline, a coil heat exchanger built in the heat preservation water tank, and a liquid inlet end of the coil heat exchanger. The quality inlet pipe is connected with the working medium outlet of the thin metal plate heat exchanger, and the liquid outlet end of the coil heat exchanger is connected with the working medium inlet of the thin metal plate heat exchanger through the working medium outlet pipe, and the working medium outlet pipe is connected A circulation pump is provided, which is powered by a solar power generation system.
本发明的优点在于： 金属薄板式换热器是由两片互相平行、一片具有不规则波纹表面的金属薄板相叠而成，板片之间形成不等截面的薄形流道，通过流通的工作介质与光伏电池背板直接进行热量交换。由于该换热器是平板式结构，可与光伏电池背板无缝贴合，完全消除了接触热阻的影响。在相同压力损失情况下，其传热系数比管板式集热结构高出3-5倍，热回收率可高达90%以上。 The advantages of the invention are: The thin metal plate heat exchanger is formed by stacking two sheets of metal sheets which are parallel to each other and have irregular corrugated surfaces. A thin flow path with unequal sections is formed between the sheets, and the working medium and the photovoltaic battery back are passed through the circulation. The board exchanges heat directly. Because the heat exchanger is a flat structure, it can be seamlessly bonded to the photovoltaic battery back plate, completely eliminating the influence of contact thermal resistance. In the case of the same pressure loss, the heat transfer coefficient is 3-5 times higher than that of the tube-plate type heat collecting structure, and the heat recovery rate can be as high as 90% or more.
同时，金属固定夹采用铝合金、不锈钢等高强度金属一次压制成型的U形 弹性金属件 ，具有良好的硬度、柔韧性、抗拉性、耐腐蚀、耐磨损等特点。该金属固定夹可将金属薄板式换热器直接扣牢在光伏电池的侧框与背板之间，实现换热结构与光伏电池背板的无缝紧密贴合， 可实现现场直接将光伏电池板改造成光电光热一体化组件的目的，降低成本 。整个接触过程不采用其他任何贴合材料，不仅减少了额外的热阻，亦降低了整个组件的造价。 At the same time, the metal clips are made of high-strength metal such as aluminum alloy and stainless steel, and U-shaped elastic metal parts are formed at one time. It has good hardness, flexibility, tensile strength, corrosion resistance and wear resistance. The metal fixing clip can directly fasten the thin metal plate heat exchanger between the side frame and the back plate of the photovoltaic cell, so that the heat exchange structure and the photovoltaic battery back plate can be seamlessly and closely adhered. It can realize the purpose of directly transforming photovoltaic panels into photoelectric photothermal integrated components on site, reducing costs. . The entire contact process does not use any other bonding material, which not only reduces the additional thermal resistance, but also reduces the cost of the entire assembly.
另外，U形弹性金属件的前端具有一个金属薄片， 使其能够更好地压合金属薄板式换热器；同时，在拆卸时，能够利用金属薄片较弱的弹性形变力顺利夹取，进而方便使用工具钳等进行拆卸。 In addition, the front end of the U-shaped elastic metal member has a metal foil. The utility model can better press the metal thin plate heat exchanger; at the same time, when disassembling, the elastic deformation force of the metal foil can be smoothly taken, and the utility model can be conveniently disassembled by using a tool pliers or the like.
金属外框的侧框与背框整体成形时，金属薄板式换热器略小于光伏电池板，以便顺利安装，而保温材料层于光伏电池板尺寸可一致，其可通过略微形变进行安装，组装方便、快捷；金属外框采用分体时，金属薄板式换热器、光伏电池板与保温材料层可做成一致的规格，且该分体形式有利于对现有 光伏电池板进行改装。 When the side frame and the back frame of the metal frame are integrally formed, the thin metal plate heat exchanger is slightly smaller than the photovoltaic panel for smooth installation, and the thermal insulation material layer can be uniformly dimensioned in the photovoltaic panel, which can be installed and assembled by slight deformation. Convenient and fast; when the metal frame is separated, the thin metal plate heat exchanger, the photovoltaic panel and the thermal insulation material layer can be made into a uniform specification, and the split form is favorable for the existing The photovoltaic panels were retrofitted.
波纹板片通常由厚度为0.5～3mm的不锈钢、铝、钛、钼等薄板冲制而成，可以任意根据光伏电池板的长宽尺寸定制。其 换热系数高、压损小、高承压、耐腐蚀，且生产工艺简单，标准生产化程度高，成本低廉。 通过使用各种不同形式的磨具可将金属薄板压成形状各异的波纹，并在波纹板片的两个角上开有四个角孔，作为工作介质的进出口通道。金属薄板的波纹形式主要有人字形波纹、直条波纹、横直波纹、梯形平直波纹、曲折形波纹和鼓泡型等。这些波纹设计构成了复杂的流道，使得工作介质在波纹板间流道内呈旋转三维流动，能在较低的雷诺数下产生紊流，所以该集热结构的传热系数较高。两个薄板片采用全焊接工艺密封工艺焊接而成（如氩弧焊），不采用任何非金属密封材料，因而有较高的耐温、耐压性能，可适用的工作温度和压力范围非常广泛。此外由于薄板均采用金属冲压加工而成，标准化生产程度高，大规模生产的价格比管板式约低40%-60%。 The corrugated sheet is usually made of a thin plate of stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, molybdenum or the like having a thickness of 0.5 to 3 mm, and can be customized according to the length and width of the photovoltaic panel. its High heat transfer coefficient, small pressure loss, high pressure, corrosion resistance, simple production process, high standard production and low cost. The metal sheets can be pressed into corrugations of various shapes by using various types of grinding tools, and four corner holes are formed in the two corners of the corrugated sheets as the inlet and outlet passages of the working medium. The corrugated form of the metal sheet is mainly herringbone corrugated, straight corrugated, horizontal corrugated, trapezoidal straight corrugated, meandering corrugated and bubbling type. These corrugated designs constitute a complicated flow path, so that the working medium rotates three-dimensionally in the flow path between the corrugated plates, and can generate turbulent flow at a low Reynolds number, so the heat transfer coefficient of the heat collecting structure is high. The two thin plates are welded by the all-welding process (such as argon arc welding), without any non-metallic sealing materials, so they have high temperature and pressure resistance, and the applicable working temperature and pressure range are very wide. . In addition, since the thin plates are all made of metal stamping, the standardization production level is high, and the price of large-scale production is about 40%-60% lower than that of the tube plate type.
保温材料能够减少金属薄板式换热器向四周环境散失热量，以提高组件的集热效率。保温材料需要导热系数小、不吸水、有一定的硬度等特点，厚度一般为3-5厘米。常用的保温材料有聚苯乙烯、聚氨脂等。保温材料可根据工作介质不同的进出口管径进行开孔。 The thermal insulation material can reduce the heat loss of the thin metal plate heat exchanger to the surrounding environment to improve the heat collection efficiency of the assembly. Insulation materials need to have small thermal conductivity, no water absorption, and a certain hardness. The thickness is generally 3-5 cm. Commonly used insulation materials are polystyrene, polyurethane and the like. The heat insulating material can be opened according to different inlet and outlet pipe diameters of the working medium.
太阳能热电联产***的 光伏电池板输出电能， 金属薄板式换热器内循环流动工作介质，完成与光伏电池交换热量并将其传递至保温水箱中储存；***产生的部分电能被用来驱动循环泵工作，另一部分电能则用于并网或者储存至蓄电池中以满足额外的电力负载；同时，使得太阳能光伏电池板被冷却，光电效率提高、光伏电池使用寿命增加实现热点联产，大大提高资料的利用率。 The photovoltaic panel output energy of the solar cogeneration system, The thin metal plate heat exchanger circulates the working medium, exchanges heat with the photovoltaic cell and transfers it to the storage tank for storage; part of the electric energy generated by the system is used to drive the circulating pump, and another part of the electric energy is used for grid connection or Stored in the battery to meet the additional power load; at the same time, the solar photovoltaic panel is cooled, the photoelectric efficiency is improved, the life of the photovoltaic battery is increased to achieve hot spot production, and the utilization of data is greatly improved.
附图说明 DRAWINGS
图1为本发明中太阳能光电光热一体化组件正视图。 1 is a front elevational view of a solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated assembly of the present invention.
图2为本发明中 太阳能光电光热一体化组件剖面图。 Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the solar photovoltaic thermal integrated component of the present invention.
图3为本发明中太阳能光电光热一体化组件后视图。 3 is a rear view of the solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component of the present invention.
图4为本发明中太阳能光电光热一体化组件分解图。 4 is an exploded view of the solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component of the present invention.
图5为本发明中金属外框结构示意图。 FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a metal outer frame in the present invention.
图6为本发明中金属薄板式换热器、保温材料层以及金属固定夹安装金属外框内结构示意图。 FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a metal thin plate heat exchanger, a heat insulating material layer and a metal fixing clip metal mounting frame according to the present invention.
图7为本发明中金属固定夹结构示意图。 Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a metal fixing clip in the present invention.
图8为本发明中具有 鼓泡式波纹的 金属薄板式换热器三维剖视图。 Figure 8 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a thin metal plate heat exchanger having bubbling corrugations in the present invention.
图9为本发明中鼓泡型 波纹状薄板正视图。 Figure 9 is a front elevational view of a bubble-shaped corrugated sheet in the present invention.
图 10 为本发明中 具有 鼓泡式波纹的 金属薄板式换热器三维组装图。 Fig. 10 is a three-dimensional assembly view of a thin metal plate heat exchanger having a bubble type corrugation according to the present invention.
图11为本发明中直条型 波纹状薄板正视图。 Figure 11 is a front elevational view of a straight strip corrugated sheet in the present invention.
图12 为本发明中另一种实施方式的直条型 波纹状薄板正视图。 Figure 12 is a front elevational view of a straight strip corrugated sheet in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
图13为 本发明中人字型 波纹状薄板正视图。 Figure 13 is a front elevational view of a herringbone corrugated sheet in the present invention.
图14 为本发明中太阳能光电光热一体化组件垂直联接阵列 。 Figure 14 is a vertical connection array of solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated components in the present invention.
图15为 本发明中太阳能光电光热一体化组件水平联接阵列 。 Fig. 15 is a horizontal joint array of solar photovoltaic light-heat integration components in the present invention.
图16为基于上述 太阳能光电光热一体化组件的 太阳能热电联产***原理图。 Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a solar-power cogeneration system based on the above-mentioned solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component.
具体实施方式 detailed description
实施例 Example
请参阅图 1 、 2 、 3 、 4 ，本发明揭示了 一种 太阳能光电光热一体化组件 包括一光伏电池板 20 ，以及 依次平行且重叠设置在光伏电池板20背面的金属薄板式换热器18和保温材料层17。 Referring to FIG. 1 , 2 , 3 , and 4 , the present invention discloses a solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component including a photovoltaic panel. 20, and a thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 and an insulating material layer 17 disposed in parallel on the back side of the photovoltaic panel 20 in parallel.
还包括一个用于安装光伏电池板20、金属薄板式换热器18和保温材料层17的金属外框21，如图5所示，该金属外框21由侧框21a以及与侧框21a背面的背框21b构成。 Also included is a metal frame 21 for mounting the photovoltaic panel 20, the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 and the insulating material layer 17, as shown in Fig. 5, the metal frame 21 being covered by the side frame 21a and the side frame 21a The back frame 21b is constructed.
光伏电池板20固定在金属外框21的侧框21a内，并与背框21b之间留有用于安装金属薄板式换热器18和保温材料层17的间隙。 The photovoltaic panel 20 is fixed in the side frame 21a of the metal frame 21, and a gap for mounting the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 and the insulating material layer 17 is left between the back frame 21b.
金属薄板式换热器18为一个与光伏电池板20背面整体接触的平面金属板体，该平面金属板体 由两片平行设置的金属薄板通过全密封焊接构成，并具有一个 换热介质 紊流 通道，以及具有至少一个与换热介质紊流通道连通的工质进口19和至少一个与换热介质紊流通道连通的工质出口16；在太阳能光电光热一体化组件中光伏电池板20的上部还具有一个接线端口22，金属薄板式换热器18和保温材料层17的中间顶部均留空以便光伏电池板20的接线端口22接线所需。 The thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 is a planar metal plate body integrally contacting the back surface of the photovoltaic panel 20, the planar metal plate body It consists of two sheets of metal sheets placed in parallel by hermetic sealing and has a turbulent flow of heat exchange medium. a channel, and a working medium inlet 19 having at least one turbulent passage communicating with the heat exchange medium and at least one working fluid outlet 16 communicating with the turbulent passage of the heat exchange medium; in the solar photovoltaic thermal integration module, the photovoltaic panel 20 The upper portion also has a wiring port 22, and the intermediate top portions of the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 and the insulating material layer 17 are left blank for wiring of the wiring port 22 of the photovoltaic panel 20.
金属薄板式换热器18和保温材料层17通过金属固定夹15与金属外框21的背框21b配合快速固定在光伏电池板20背面与金属外框21之间。 The thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 and the heat insulating material layer 17 are fastened between the back surface of the photovoltaic panel 20 and the metal outer frame 21 by the metal fixing clip 15 in cooperation with the back frame 21b of the metal outer frame 21.
如图6所示，具体为：金属固定夹15为一U形弹性金属件，保温材料层17的侧边上分布有若干金属固定夹容纳腔，该U形弹性金属件内置于金属固定夹容纳腔； U形弹性金属件在金属薄板式换热器18与保温材料层17嵌入光伏电池板20与背框21b之间后，一端抵住金属薄板式换热器18，另一端抵住金属外框21的背框21b，并通过弹性形变力将金属薄板式换热器18的正面紧贴住光伏电池板20的背面。 As shown in FIG. 6 , specifically, the metal fixing clip 15 is a U-shaped elastic metal piece, and a plurality of metal fixing clip accommodating cavities are disposed on the side of the heat insulating material layer 17 , and the U-shaped elastic metal piece is built in the metal fixing clip to accommodate Cavity After the metal thin plate heat exchanger 18 and the heat insulating material layer 17 are embedded between the photovoltaic panel 20 and the back frame 21b, one end of the U-shaped elastic metal member is pressed against the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18, and the other end is pressed against the metal outer frame 21 The back frame 21b and the front side of the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 are pressed against the back surface of the photovoltaic panel 20 by an elastic deformation force.
作为本发明更具体的实施方式，如图7所示，在U形弹性金属件中抵住金属薄板式换热器18的一端设置有金属薄片18a，该金属薄片18a的厚度小于U形弹性金属件18的厚度，且连接有金属薄片18a的U形弹性金属件一端外表面与金属薄片18a外表面齐平。 As a more specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7, a metal foil 18a is provided at one end of the U-shaped elastic metal member against the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18, and the thickness of the metal foil 18a is smaller than that of the U-shaped elastic metal. The thickness of the member 18, and the outer surface of one end of the U-shaped elastic metal member to which the metal foil 18a is attached is flush with the outer surface of the metal foil 18a.
作为本发明再更一步的实施方式，U形弹性金属件中抵住金属薄板式换热器18的一端，通过在该端内表面机加工切削出厚度小于弹性金属件厚度的金属薄片段。 As a further embodiment of the present invention, one end of the U-shaped elastic metal member is pressed against the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18, and a thin metal piece having a thickness smaller than the thickness of the elastic metal member is machined by machining the inner surface of the end.
另外，上述金属外框21的侧框21a与背框21b可整体成形，也可以采用分体式，由螺栓或卡扣等连接固定。整体成形时，金属薄板式换热器18略小于光伏电池板20，以便顺利安装，而保温材料层17于光伏电池板20尺寸可一致，其可通过略微形变进行安装，组装方便、快捷；金属外框21采用分体时，金属薄板式换热器18、光伏电池板20与保温材料层17可做成一致的规格，且该分体形式有利于对现有 光伏电池板进行改装。 Further, the side frame 21a and the back frame 21b of the metal outer frame 21 may be integrally formed, or may be connected and fixed by a bolt or a snap. When integrally formed, the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 is slightly smaller than the photovoltaic panel 20 for smooth installation, and the thermal insulation material layer 17 is uniform in size of the photovoltaic panel 20, which can be installed by slightly deforming, and is convenient and quick to assemble; When the outer frame 21 is separated, the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18, the photovoltaic panel 20 and the thermal insulation material layer 17 can be made into a uniform specification, and the split form is advantageous for the existing The photovoltaic panels were retrofitted.
本实施例中，光伏电池板21、金属薄板式换热器18和保温材料层17为矩形，工质进口19和工质出口16分别有两个，并开在矩形的四角直角处。 In this embodiment, the photovoltaic panel 21, the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 and the insulating material layer 17 are rectangular, and the working medium inlet 19 and the working fluid outlet 16 are respectively two and open at right angles of the rectangular corners.
为 能在较低的雷诺数下产生紊流，提高 金属薄板式换热器18的换热效率，金属薄板式换热器18平面金属板体 的两片金属薄板中，一片为无波纹平面薄板24，另一片为在内侧表面冲压成型出导流凸起或凸筋的波纹状薄板25。本发明中的 金属薄板式换热器18整体 不采用任何非金属密封材料；波纹板片由厚度为0.5～3mm的不锈钢、铝、钛、钼等薄板冲制而成，可以任意根据光伏电池板的长宽尺寸定制，并通过使用不同形式的磨具压成形状各异的波纹。 In order to generate turbulent flow at a lower Reynolds number, the heat exchange efficiency of the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 is improved, and the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 is a flat metal plate body. One of the two metal sheets is a corrugated flat sheet 24, and the other sheet is a corrugated sheet 25 which is formed with a flow guiding projection or a rib on the inner side surface. The thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 of the present invention as a whole No non-metallic sealing material is used; corrugated sheets are made of thin plates of stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, molybdenum, etc. with a thickness of 0.5 to 3 mm, which can be customized according to the length and width of the photovoltaic panels, and by using different forms. The abrasive tool is pressed into corrugations of various shapes.
为提高换热面积，平面金属板体 中的无波纹平面薄板24紧贴 光伏电池板21背面， 波纹状薄板25紧贴保温材料层17。 In order to increase the heat exchange area, the corrugated flat sheet 24 in the flat metal plate body is in close contact with the back surface of the photovoltaic panel 21, The corrugated sheet 25 is in close contact with the layer of insulating material 17.
如图8、9、10所示，该 波纹状薄板 25 为鼓泡式波纹，具体为：波纹状薄板 25 的内侧面冲压成型有若干排均匀分布的导向凸起，且相邻排的导向凸起错开设置； 无波纹平面薄板24的四周与 波纹状薄板 25 四周 全密封焊接后，形成一个在矩形内腔中分布导向凸起的 换热介质 紊流 通道 23 。 As shown in Figs. 8, 9, and 10, the corrugated sheet 25 is a bubble type corrugation, specifically: a corrugated sheet 25 The inner side is stamped and formed with a plurality of rows of uniformly distributed guide projections, and the guide projections of the adjacent rows are staggered; the periphery of the non-corrugated planar sheet 24 and the corrugated sheet 25 are surrounded. After the hermetic welding, a turbulent passage 23 of the heat exchange medium which distributes the guide projections in the rectangular inner cavity is formed.
本技术人员应当了解，这里波纹状薄板25的纹路仅仅是示意性的，不是局限性的。如图11、12所示， 波纹状薄板为的纹路也可以是直条形波纹，具体为：波纹状薄板 25 的内侧面自进液侧向出液侧冲压成型有若干相互平行设置的直条形导流凸筋，且相邻排导流凸筋的流道口错开设置，这里的直条形导流凸筋可以根据安装需求平行或垂直设置。该具有垂直或平行直条形导流凸筋的波纹状薄板 25 与 无波纹平面薄板24焊接后形成 换热介质 紊流 通道 28 或 换热介质 紊流 通道 29 。 It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the texture of the corrugated sheet 25 herein is merely illustrative and not limiting. As shown in Figures 11 and 12, The corrugated sheet may also be a straight corrugated strip, specifically: a corrugated sheet 25 The inner side of the inner side is stamped and formed on the side of the liquid discharge side with a plurality of straight-shaped guide ribs arranged in parallel with each other, and the flow passage openings of the adjacent rows of the flow guiding ribs are staggered, and the straight strip-shaped guide ribs are arranged here. It can be set in parallel or vertically depending on the installation requirements. Corrugated sheet having vertical or parallel straight strip guiding ribs 25 After welding with the corrugated flat sheet 24, a turbulent passage 28 of the heat exchange medium or a turbulent passage of the heat exchange medium 29 is formed.
另外，如图13所示， 波纹状薄板 25 也可以为人字形波纹，具体为：波纹状薄板 25 的内侧面自进液侧向出液侧冲压成型有若干相互平行设置的人字形导流凸筋，相邻排导流凸筋的流道口错开设置，进而形成 换热介质 紊流 通道30。 Further, as shown in Fig. 13, the corrugated sheet 25 may also be a herringbone corrugation, specifically: a corrugated sheet 25 The inner side of the inner side is stamped and formed on the side of the liquid discharge side with a plurality of herringbone guide ribs arranged in parallel with each other, and the flow passage openings of the adjacent rows of the flow guiding ribs are staggered to form a turbulent passage 30 of the heat exchange medium.
金属薄板式换热器可通过连接管件依次串联或者并联构成换热阵列。图14、15给出了太阳能光电光热一体化组件阵列的两种水平串联和垂直串联联接方式，其通过使用标准的管路连接件26连接构成换热矩阵。 The thin metal plate heat exchanger can form a heat exchange array in series or in parallel through connecting pipes. Figures 14 and 15 show two horizontal series and vertical series couplings of an array of solar photovoltaic thermal integrated components that are connected to form a heat exchange matrix by using standard plumbing connections 26.
如图16所示，本发明还公开了 一种基于上述 太阳能光电光热一体化组件的 太阳能热电联产***，其包括支架 2 、 太阳能光电光热一体化组件 1 、工作介质循环***和太阳能发电***。 As shown in FIG. 16, the present invention also discloses a solar cogeneration system based on the above solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component, which comprises a bracket 2 , solar photovoltaic light and heat integrated components 1, working medium circulation system and solar power generation system.
具体的： specific:
太阳能光电光热一体化组件 1 根据太阳高度角倾斜设置在支架2上；其 包括一具有金属外框 21 的光伏电池板 20 ，以及 依次平行且重叠设置在光伏电池板背面的金属薄板式换热器18和保温材料层17。 The solar photovoltaic thermal integrated component 1 is disposed on the bracket 2 according to the inclination angle of the sun; it comprises a photovoltaic panel with a metal frame 21 20, and a thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 and an insulating material layer 17 disposed in parallel on the back side of the photovoltaic panel in parallel.
太阳能发电***包括太阳能充放电控制器11、逆变器12、蓄电池13和并网逆变器14，太阳能充放电控制器11具有一个与太阳能光电光热一体化组件1的 光伏电池板 接线端口22电连接的充电接口，一个与蓄电池13电连接的充放电接口，一个与并网逆变器14连接的放电接口，以及一个与逆变器12连接的放电接口。 The solar power generation system includes a solar charge and discharge controller 11, an inverter 12, a battery 13 and a grid-connected inverter 14, and the solar charge and discharge controller 11 has a photovoltaic panel integrated with the solar photovoltaic thermal integrated component 1. The charging port of the wiring port 22 is electrically connected, a charging and discharging interface electrically connected to the battery 13, a discharging interface connected to the grid-connected inverter 14, and a discharging interface connected to the inverter 12.
在充电状态，由太阳能充放电控制器11接通 光伏电池板 20 与蓄电池 13 的连接，对蓄电池 13 充电； 用电状态下，由太阳能充放电控制器11根据 光伏电池板 20 与蓄电池 13 的电压选用光伏电池板 20 或蓄电池 13 作为电源，并通过逆变器 12 或并网逆变器 14 放电。 In the charging state, the solar charging and discharging controller 11 turns on the connection of the photovoltaic panel 20 and the battery 13, and charges the battery 13; In the power state, the solar charging and discharging controller 11 selects the photovoltaic panel 20 or the battery 13 as the power source according to the voltage of the photovoltaic panel 20 and the battery 13, and passes through the inverter 12 Or grid-connected inverter 14 discharge.
工作介质循环***包括保温水箱6、盘管换热器5、循环泵3、工质进口管路4、工质出口管路9，保温水箱6内置一盘管换热器5，盘管换热器5的进液端通过工质进口管路4与金属薄板式换热器18的工质出口连通，盘管换热器5的出液端通过工质出口管路9与金属薄板式换热器19的工质进口连通，工质出口管路9上设置有循环泵3，该循环泵3由太阳能发电***供电。另外，保温水箱6上设置补水阀门7和热水阀门8。当然，在保温水箱6内也相应设置有液位开关，以及根据液位开关信号自动控制补水阀门7启闭的控制器，此为太阳能热水器公知技术，这里不再赘述。 The working medium circulation system comprises a heat preservation water tank 6, a coil heat exchanger 5, a circulation pump 3, a working medium inlet pipeline 4, a working medium outlet pipeline 9, and a heat preservation water tank 6 built a coil heat exchanger 5, coil heat exchanger The liquid inlet end of the device 5 communicates with the working medium outlet of the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 through the working medium inlet pipe 4, and the liquid discharging end of the coil heat exchanger 5 passes through the working medium outlet pipe 9 and the thin metal plate heat exchange. The working fluid inlet of the device 19 is connected, and the working fluid outlet pipe 9 is provided with a circulation pump 3, which is powered by the solar power generation system. In addition, a water replenishing valve 7 and a hot water valve 8 are provided on the insulated water tank 6. Of course, a liquid level switch is also provided in the insulated water tank 6, and a controller for automatically controlling the opening and closing of the water supply valve 7 according to the liquid level switch signal is known. This is a well-known technology of the solar water heater, and will not be described herein.
太阳能热电联产***整体工作原理为： The overall working principle of the solar cogeneration system is:
太阳能光电光热一体化组件利用光伏电池板吸收太阳能之后产生电能，其产生的电能则通过电线10连接进入太阳能充放电控制器11，部分电能通过逆变器12转换电压供循环泵或其他负载使用，另一部分电能直接储存至蓄电池13中或者通过并网逆变器14直接输入公共电网。***各组成部分容量按工程实际情况而定。 The solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component generates energy by absorbing solar energy by the photovoltaic panel, and the generated electrical energy is connected to the solar charging and discharging controller 11 through the electric wire 10, and part of the electric energy is converted by the inverter 12 for use by the circulating pump or other load. Another part of the electrical energy is directly stored in the battery 13 or directly input to the public power grid through the grid-connected inverter 14. The capacity of each component of the system is determined according to the actual conditions of the project.
在吸收电能的同时，光伏电池板温度升高，温度较低的循环介质在循环泵3的作用下通过工质进口管路4进入光电光热一体化组件的金属薄板式换热器18，此时太阳能热量将由光伏电池板20传递至金属薄板式换热器18中温度较低的循环工作介质，循环介质温度上升后通过工质出口管路9返回至保温水箱6中的盘管式换热器5，与保温水箱中的低温冷水进行热交换，并将热量以热水的形式储存在保温水箱6中。将热量传递给水之后，工作介质温度降低，在循环泵3在作用下开始下一次的循环过程。当水箱水温达到用户所需水平之后，通过控制阀门8可将热水送至用户。当水箱水量消耗下降后，控制阀门7可开启进行冷水补给。 While absorbing electric energy, the temperature of the photovoltaic panel rises, and the circulating medium with lower temperature enters the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18 of the photoelectric photothermal integrated component through the working medium inlet pipe 4 under the action of the circulating pump 3, The solar heat will be transferred from the photovoltaic panel 20 to the circulating working medium having a lower temperature in the thin metal plate heat exchanger 18, and the coiled heat exchange returned to the insulated water tank 6 through the working medium outlet line 9 after the temperature of the circulating medium rises. The device 5 exchanges heat with the cold water in the insulated water tank, and stores the heat in the heat insulating water tank 6 in the form of hot water. After the heat is transferred to the water, the temperature of the working medium is lowered, and the next cycle of the circulation pump 3 is started. After the water temperature of the water tank reaches the level required by the user, the hot water can be sent to the user through the control valve 8. When the water consumption of the water tank drops, the control valve 7 can be opened for cold water supply.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种 太阳能光电光热一体化组件 ，其特征在于：包括依次重叠设置的 光伏电池板、金属薄板式换热器和保温材料层；A solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component characterized by comprising: overlapping layers Photovoltaic panels, sheet metal heat exchangers and insulation layers;
    还包括一个用于安装光伏电池板、金属薄板式换热器和保温材料层的金属外框，该金属外框由侧框以及与侧框背面的背框构成；Also included is a metal outer frame for mounting a photovoltaic panel, a thin metal plate heat exchanger, and a layer of insulating material, the metal frame being composed of a side frame and a back frame opposite the back of the side frame;
    光伏电池板固定在金属外框的侧框内，并与背框之间留有用于安装金属薄板式换热器和保温材料层的间隙；The photovoltaic panel is fixed in the side frame of the metal frame, and a gap is left between the back frame for mounting the thin metal plate heat exchanger and the heat insulating material layer;
    金属薄板式换热器为一个与光伏电池板背面整体接触的平面金属板体，所述平面金属板体 由两片平行设置的金属薄板通过全密封焊接构成，并具有一个 换热介质 紊流 通道，以及具有至少一个与换热介质紊流通道连通的工质进口和至少一个与换热介质紊流通道连通的工质出口；The thin metal plate heat exchanger is a flat metal plate body integrally contacting the back surface of the photovoltaic panel, the planar metal plate body It consists of two sheets of metal sheets placed in parallel by hermetic sealing and has a turbulent flow of heat exchange medium. a passage, and a working medium inlet having at least one turbulent passage communicating with the heat exchange medium and at least one working medium outlet communicating with the turbulent passage of the heat exchange medium;
    所述金属薄板式换热器和保温材料层通过金属固定夹与金属外框的背框配合快速固定在光伏电池板背面与金属外框之间；具体为：The metal thin plate heat exchanger and the heat insulating material layer are fastened between the back surface of the photovoltaic panel and the metal outer frame by the metal fixing clip and the back frame of the metal outer frame; specifically:
    金属固定夹为一U形弹性金属件，保温材料层的侧边上分布有若干金属固定夹容纳腔，该U形弹性金属件内置于金属固定夹容纳腔；所述U形弹性金属件在金属薄板式换热器与保温材料层嵌入光伏电池板与背框之间后，一端抵住金属薄板式换热器，另一端抵住金属外框的背框，并通过弹性形变力将金属薄板式换热器的正面紧贴住光伏电池板的背面。 The metal fixing clip is a U-shaped elastic metal piece, and a plurality of metal fixing clip accommodating cavities are arranged on the side of the heat insulating material layer, the U-shaped elastic metal piece is built in the metal fixing clip accommodating cavity; the U-shaped elastic metal piece is in the metal After the thin plate heat exchanger and the insulating material layer are embedded between the photovoltaic panel and the back frame, one end is pressed against the thin metal plate heat exchanger, the other end is against the back frame of the metal outer frame, and the thin metal plate is elastically deformed. The front of the heat exchanger is in close contact with the back of the photovoltaic panel.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能光电光热一体化组件其特征在于：所述金属外框的侧框与背框可整体成形，也可以采用分体式，由螺栓或卡扣连接固定。The solar photovoltaic thermal integrated component according to claim 1 , wherein the side frame and the back frame of the metal frame are integrally formed, or may be split and fixed by bolts or snaps.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能光电光热一体化组件,其特征在于：所述金属薄板式换热器可通过连接管件依次串联或并联构成换热阵列。The solar photovoltaic thermal integrated component according to claim 1, wherein the thin metal plate heat exchanger can form a heat exchange array in series or in parallel through connecting pipes.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能光电光热一体化组件,其特征在于：所述平面金属板体的两片金属薄板中，一片为无波纹平面薄板，另一片为在内侧表面冲压成型出导流凸起或凸筋的波纹状薄板。The solar photovoltaic thermal integrated component according to claim 1, wherein one of the two thin metal sheets of the flat metal plate body is a corrugated flat thin plate, and the other piece is formed by forming a flow guide on the inner side surface. A corrugated sheet of raised or embossed.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的太阳能光电光热一体化组件,其特征在于：所述平面金属板体中的无波纹平面薄板紧贴光伏电池板背面，波纹状薄板紧贴保温材料层。The solar photovoltaic thermal integrated component according to claim 4, wherein the non-corrugated planar sheet in the planar metal plate body is in close contact with the back surface of the photovoltaic panel, and the corrugated sheet is in close contact with the insulating material layer.
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的太阳能光电光热一体化组件,其特征在于：所述波纹状薄板为鼓泡式波纹，具体为：波纹状薄板的内侧面冲压成型有若干排均匀分布的导向凸起，且相邻排的导向凸起错开设置。The solar photovoltaic thermal integrated component according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the corrugated thin plate is a bubbling corrugated, specifically: the inner side of the corrugated thin plate is stamped and formed with a plurality of rows of uniformly distributed guides. The protrusions are arranged, and the guiding protrusions of the adjacent rows are staggered.
  7. 根据权利要求4或5所述的太阳能光电光热一体化组件,其特征在于：所述波纹状薄板为直条形波纹，具体为：波纹状薄板的内侧面自进液侧向出液侧冲压成型有若干相互平行设置的直条形导流凸筋，且所述相邻排导流凸筋的流道口错开设置。The solar photovoltaic thermal integrated component according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the corrugated sheet is a straight strip corrugated, specifically: the inner side of the corrugated sheet is stamped from the liquid inlet side to the liquid outlet side. A plurality of straight-shaped flow guiding ribs disposed parallel to each other are formed, and the flow path ports of the adjacent row guiding ribs are staggered.
  8. 根据权利要求4或5所述的太阳能光电光热一体化组件,其特征在于：所述波纹状薄板为人字形波纹，具体为：波纹状薄板的内侧面自进液侧向出液侧冲压成型有若干相互平行设置的人字形导流凸筋，所述相邻排导流凸筋的流道口错开设置。The solar photovoltaic thermal integrated component according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the corrugated thin plate is a herringbone corrugated, specifically: the inner side of the corrugated thin plate is stamped and formed from the liquid inlet side to the liquid discharge side. a plurality of herringbone guide ribs arranged in parallel with each other, wherein the flow passage openings of the adjacent row of flow guiding ribs are staggered.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能光电光热一体化组件,其特征在于：在所述U形弹性金属件中抵住金属薄板式换热器的一端设置有金属薄片，该金属薄片的厚度小于U形弹性金属件的厚度，且连接有金属薄片的U形弹性金属件一端外表面与金属薄片外表面齐平。The solar photovoltaic thermal integrated component according to claim 1, wherein a metal foil is disposed at one end of the U-shaped elastic metal member against the thin metal plate heat exchanger, and the thickness of the metal foil is less than U. The thickness of the elastic metal member is such that the outer surface of one end of the U-shaped elastic metal member to which the metal foil is attached is flush with the outer surface of the metal foil.
  10. 一种基于上述太阳能光电光热一体化组件的太阳能热电联产***，其特征在于：包括支架、太阳能光电光热一体化组件、工作介质循环***和太阳能发电***，A solar cogeneration system based on the above solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated component, comprising: a bracket, a solar photovoltaic thermal integrated component, a working medium circulation system and a solar power generation system,
    太阳能光电光热一体化组件根据太阳高度角倾斜设置在支架上；其包括一具有金属外框的光伏电池板，以及依次平行且重叠设置在光伏电池板背面的金属薄板式换热器和保温材料层；The solar photovoltaic thermal integrated component is disposed on the bracket according to the sun height angle; the utility model comprises a photovoltaic panel with a metal frame, and a thin metal plate heat exchanger and an insulating material arranged in parallel on the back of the photovoltaic panel. Floor;
    太阳能发电***包括太阳能充放电控制器、逆变器、蓄电池和并网逆变器，太阳能充放电控制器具有一个与太阳能光电光热一体化组件的光伏电池板接线端口电连接的充电接口，一个与蓄电池电连接的充放电接口，一个与并网逆变器连接的放电接口，以及一个与逆变器连接的放电接口；充电状态，由太阳能充放电控制器接通光伏电池板与蓄电池的连接，对蓄电池充电；用电状态，由太阳能充放电控制器根据光伏电池板与蓄电池的电压选用光伏电池板或蓄电池作为电源，并通过逆变器或并网逆变器放电；The solar power generation system comprises a solar charge and discharge controller, an inverter, a battery and a grid-connected inverter, and the solar charge and discharge controller has a charging interface electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel wiring port of the solar photovoltaic light-heat integration component, one a charging and discharging interface electrically connected to the battery, a discharging interface connected to the grid-connected inverter, and a discharging interface connected to the inverter; and a charging state, connecting the photovoltaic panel to the battery by the solar charging and discharging controller Charging the battery; in the state of electricity, the solar charging and discharging controller selects the photovoltaic panel or the battery as the power source according to the voltage of the photovoltaic panel and the battery, and discharges through the inverter or the grid-connected inverter;
    工作介质循环***包括保温水箱、盘管换热器、循环泵、工质进口管路、工质出口管路，保温水箱内置一盘管换热器，盘管换热器的进液端通过工质进口管路与金属薄板式换热器的工质出口连通，盘管换热器的出液端通过工质出口管路与金属薄板式换热器的工质进口连通，工质出口管路上设置有循环泵，该循环泵由太阳能发电***供电。The working medium circulation system includes a heat preservation water tank, a coil heat exchanger, a circulation pump, a working medium inlet pipeline, a working medium outlet pipeline, a coil heat exchanger built in the heat preservation water tank, and a liquid inlet end of the coil heat exchanger. The quality inlet pipe is connected with the working medium outlet of the thin metal plate heat exchanger, and the liquid outlet end of the coil heat exchanger is connected with the working medium inlet of the thin metal plate heat exchanger through the working medium outlet pipe, and the working medium outlet pipe is connected A circulation pump is provided, which is powered by a solar power generation system.
PCT/CN2014/079554 2013-11-20 2014-06-10 Solar integrated photoelectric photo-thermal component and solar cogeneration system thereof WO2015074407A1 (en)

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CN103594538B (en) 2015-11-25

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