WO2015044794A1 - Figurative and/or denominative element and process for receiving additional information from said figurative and/or denominative element - Google Patents

Figurative and/or denominative element and process for receiving additional information from said figurative and/or denominative element Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015044794A1
WO2015044794A1 PCT/IB2014/059075 IB2014059075W WO2015044794A1 WO 2015044794 A1 WO2015044794 A1 WO 2015044794A1 IB 2014059075 W IB2014059075 W IB 2014059075W WO 2015044794 A1 WO2015044794 A1 WO 2015044794A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
perimeter frame
electronic device
figurative
blocks
frame
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2014/059075
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Gianluca VITALI
Original Assignee
Vitali Gianluca
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vitali Gianluca filed Critical Vitali Gianluca
Publication of WO2015044794A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015044794A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/06009—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking
    • G06K19/06046—Constructional details
    • G06K19/06168—Constructional details the marking being a concentric barcode
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/06009—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking
    • G06K19/06046—Constructional details
    • G06K19/06103—Constructional details the marking being embedded in a human recognizable image, e.g. a company logo with an embedded two-dimensional code
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/06009—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking
    • G06K19/06046—Constructional details
    • G06K19/06131—Constructional details the marking comprising a target pattern, e.g. for indicating the center of the bar code or for helping a bar code reader to properly orient the scanner or to retrieve the bar code inside of an image

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a figurative and/or denominative element as defined in the preamble of claim 1, which comprises a first portion bearing first information intelligible to a viewer.
  • the present invention relates to a process for receiving additional information from said figurative and/or denominative element, in addition to the information intelligible to a viewer.
  • the present disclosure is given without limitation with particular reference to a figurative and/or denominative element bearing a figure and at least one caption, such that it can be reproduced on paper or other media. Nevertheless, it shall be understood that the disclosure may also relate to a figurative element comprising video and sound contents, and suitable to be reproduced, for instance, on screen.
  • a figurative element comprising video and sound contents, and suitable to be reproduced, for instance, on screen.
  • a simple image or a single caption can only convey a small amount of information to the viewer, whereby the need is felt of providing the user with more information than that conveyed by the single image and/or the small number of captions of the figurative and/or denominative element.
  • this need is fulfilled by associating a figurative element with a code, e.g. a numerical code, a bar code or a QR-CODE (Quick Response Code), and/or by adding a Web address in which more information concerning the figurative and/or denominative element viewed by the user may be retrieved .
  • a code e.g. a numerical code, a bar code or a QR-CODE (Quick Response Code
  • the need is felt of customizing the additional information about a particular figurative and/or denominative element according to the type of user/viewer and his/her personal characteristics, i.e. location, age and habits .
  • This invention is based on the issue of providing a figurative and/or denominative element that has such structural and functional characteristics as to fulfill the above needs, while obviating the above prior art drawbacks.
  • this issue is also solved by a process as defined in claim 7, for receiving additional information from a figurative and/or denominative element which bears first information intelligible to a viewer.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a figurative and/or denominative element of the invention having a substantially circular shape
  • Figure 2 shows a plan view of the recognition matrix of the annular perimeter frame of the figurative and/or denominative element of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a figurative and/or denominative element of the invention having a different conformation
  • Figure 4 shows a plan view of the recognition matrix of the perimeter frame of the figurative and/or denominative element of Figure 3;
  • FIG. 5 shows a plan view of a figurative and/or denominative element having a hexagonal shape
  • Figure 6 shows a plan view of the recognition matrix of the hexagonal perimeter frame of the figurative and/or denominative element of Figure 5.
  • each figurative and/or denominative element comprises a first portion bearing first information intelligible to a viewer, which is selected from the group from the group comprising a static image, a dynamic image, a video, an audio message, a multimedia content, a logo, a drawing, a trademark and a caption.
  • Such first portion of the figurative and/or denominative element of the invention is associated with a code, e.g. an alphanumeric code, which bears information encoded according to a predetermined algorithm, such encoded information being suitable to be decoded by an electronic device comprising an optical code reader.
  • a code e.g. an alphanumeric code
  • such electronic device preferably comprises:
  • - data storage means such as a SD-Card
  • the above mentioned electronic device consists of a smartphone, a tablet, a personal computer, a laptop and the like.
  • the above mentioned code associated with the first portion of the figurative and/or denominative element defines a perimeter frame having a predetermined thickness S which axially extends over a predetermined path along an outer edge of at least part of said first portion of the figurative and/or denominative element.
  • the above mentioned perimeter frame has at least two parallel lines, one above the other, in its thickness S, each line being divided into a plurality of blocks of predetermined color, hue and saturation, to detect changes in color, hue and/or saturation in said line.
  • the blocks of at least one peripheral line of said frame form a predetermined color, hue and saturation sequence which is suitable to be recognized by an electronic device comprising an optical code reader as a line of blocks delimiting the frame itself.
  • this peripheral line allows the optical code reader of the electronic device to locate the code-containing frame within a more complex figurative and/or denominative element comprising other images and captions/numbers in addition to the frame.
  • the blocks of the at least one remaining line of said frame form a color, hue and saturation sequence that define a code suitable to be read by the optical code reader of the above mentioned electronic device from a predetermined starting point.
  • a first plurality of blocks of such frame defines a unique marker in said frame, which is formed of a predetermined unique color, hue and saturation sequence of blocks, suitable to define the above mentioned starting point for code reading in the frame by the optical code reader of the electronic device.
  • the perimeter frame extends over a predetermined axial path that may have the shape of an annulus, an elliptical ring, a regular polygon, an irregular polygon, a broken and/or curved line, a symbol, a number and/or a letter of the alphabet .
  • the above mentioned first portion of the figurative and/or graphical element is located in said frame and is entirely contained, namely circumscribed in the perimeter frame. Therefore, said perimeter frame encloses said first portion of the figurative and/or denominative element.
  • at least three distinct parallel lines lie one above the other within the thickness S of the perimeter frame, which are composed of respective blocks of predetermined color, hue and saturation .
  • the blocks of the outermost lines of said at least three parallel lines lying one above the other in said frame form a predetermined color, hue and saturation sequence, defining the outer boundary lines of the perimeter of said frame, which are suitable to be easy recognized by the optical code reader of the electronic device.
  • the detection of the shape and size of the frame is further facilitated in that the above mentioned predetermined color, hue and saturation sequence of the blocks of a first outer line of the outer lines of the frame is complementary or offset by at least one block relative to the predetermined color, hue and saturation sequence of the blocks of the second outer line of the other of said two outer lines of the frame.
  • the blocks of the remaining lines of the frame between such two outer lines i.e. at least one line, preferably two or more lines, contain the sequence of blocks whose color, hue and saturation are designed to be read as a code by the optical reader of the electronic device.
  • the above-mentioned first plurality of blocks of the perimeter frame that defines a unique marker in said frame is composed of at least one block for each line of blocks detected in the thickness S of the perimeter frame.
  • the above-mentioned first plurality of blocks that defines a unique marker in said perimeter frame is composed of contiguous blocks of different lines, said unique marker being defined by a strip of blocks extending across the thickness S of the frame .
  • the above-mentioned first plurality of blocks that defines a unique marker in the frame is composed of blocks having equal color, hue and saturation .
  • the process of the invention for receiving additional information from such figurative and/or denominative element comprises the steps of: A) providing a figurative and/or denominative element as described above;
  • the above-mentioned step D) of detecting the perimeter frame associated with the first portion of the figurative and/or denominative element is carried out by finding such two outer lines of blocks that form outer boundary lines, enclosing therebetween the lines of blocks containing the actual code related to the additional information of the figurative and/or denominative element .
  • the recognition of the frame and its blocks according to the above mentioned step E) of determining the position and/or the conformation of the perimeter frame may be carried out by a step I) in which the shape and size of the detected frame is checked for substantial correspondence with the shape and size of one of the sample frames of the library of sample frames that are stored in the data storage means of the above mentioned electronic device.
  • the above mentioned step I) of checking for substantial correspondence of the shape and size of the detected frame with the shape and size of a sample frame is carried out by scaling, rotating and/or moving the image of the detected frame with respect to the shape and size of a sample frame to check for substantial correspondence of the detected frame with the sample frame.
  • the microprocessor will perform the same comparison with a different sampling frame, until it finds substantial correspondence of the image of the detected frame with the image of a sample frame.
  • the electronic device will return a frame recognition error.
  • the above mentioned electronic device also comprises means for establishing a data-transceiving protocol with a remote server, comprising a database.
  • step H) of decoding and retrieving the additional information contained in said frame of said figurative and/or denominative element is followed by a step of sending this additional information to the above-mentioned remote server and
  • the process of the invention comprises the additional step L) of receiving a plurality of complementary information pieces from the above mentioned database of the remote server, which additional information is related to the additional information that has been sent and/or to data analysis with deterministic, stochastic and predictive algorithms.
  • the electronic device besides the additional information contained in the perimeter frame as detected by the figurative and/or denominative element, the electronic device also sends further data, concerning:
  • the server may select the customized information to be sent as a response to the electronic device from the database, also according to any part of the additional data that has been sent by the electronic device itself.
  • such additional data sent by the electronic device to the server comprises information about the browsing history over the Web or in a local network .
  • the above mentioned electronic device establishes a data transceiving protocol with the remote server over the Web or in a local network.
  • the electronic device may make a predetermined number of attempts, e.g. two attempts, to repeat the procedure for recognition of the perimeter frame of a given figurative and/or nominative element.
  • the electronic device may comprise a step of connection to a remote server to check whether a further frame sample template is available for download from such server and for addition to library of the stored sample frames. If it is, the device will download the new sample frame template and store it in the library of the storage means, to repeat recognition of the detected frame. This will provide a "self-learning" procedure for the electronic device, which will be able to update even for adaptation to the newly developed types of perimeter frames .
  • Figures 1 to 6 show by way of example and without limitation three different configurations of graphical and/or denominative elements 1, each comprising a first area 2, e.g. bearing an image with some captions, with which a code-containing perimeter frame 3 is associated.
  • each perimeter frame 3 has four parallel lines of respective blocks, one above the other, within its thickness S, and while such lines are in black and white in this example, they may also assume different colors and hues, as mentioned above.
  • the outermost line of blocks 4 and the innermost line of blocks 6 of each perimeter frame 3 defines outer boundary lines of the perimeter of the frame 3, which are suitable to be easily detected by the optical code reader of the electronic device.
  • these outer lines 4 and 6 of each perimeter frame 3 form a predetermined color, hue and saturation sequence, which identifies a detection matrix for the electronic device that is designed to read the code of the frame.
  • FIG. 2 shows the above mentioned block matrix defined by the outer lines 4 and 6 of each perimeter frame 3 as shown in Figures 1, 3 and 5 respectively.
  • the blocks of the outer lines are offset from each other by at least one block, in terms of color, hue and saturation.
  • a unique marker 7 can be detected in each perimeter frame of Figures 1, 3 and 5, which is formed of a predetermined unique color, hue and saturation sequence of blocks, suitable to define the above mentioned starting point for code reading in the frame by the optical code reader of the electronic device.
  • this unique marker 7 is defined by a series of three white blocks (although they may also be of black or any other equal color or hue) , which are aligned in the thickness S of each perimeter frame 3, one above the other, along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the frame that extends over the predetermined path.
  • the perimeter frame 3 assumes the conformation of an annulus which has the first image-bearing area 2 entirely circumscribed therein .
  • the perimeter frame 3 assumes a "C" conformation which partially contains the first area 2 of the figurative and/or denominative element. In this case, the perimeter frame 3 is only associated with a limited outer perimeter portion of the first area 2.
  • the perimeter frame assumes the conformation of a regular polygon, namely a hexagon, which has the image-bearing area 2 entirely circumscribed therein.
  • the blocks of the outer lines of blocks of the perimeter frame have alternate colors: for example if an outer block is white, the next corresponding block inwards will be black. Conversely, if an outer block is black, the next corresponding block inwards will be white.
  • the shape of the perimeter frame, as well as the position and number of blocks are known beforehand to the electronic device that will perform a scan for code recognition, and such information will be known once the detected frame is found to substantially match a sample perimeter frame whose data is stored in the storage means of the electronic device.
  • the electronic device for code recognition constructs a matrix with all the positions of the outermost and innermost blocks of the perimeter frame.
  • the electronic device searches the scanned code for the shapes and colors of the blocks in all the positions of the matrix.
  • the matrix is rotated and moved throughout the space of the scanned image until the shapes and colors of all the detected blocks match those expected for a particular sample frame template. If all the shapes and colors match, the electronic device assumes it has found the perimeter frame from which it will extract the codes.
  • the image will be entirely or partially contained in the internal area of the perimeter frame.
  • the electronic device may reconstruct the position of any blocks contained between the former blocks by interpolation.
  • the first portion of the graphical and/or nominative element may also be analyzed for extraction of additional information .
  • the codes extracted from the perimeter frame and the information extracted from image analysis are sent to the server.
  • the first portion of the figurative and/or nominative element conveys the message to the viewer, and the perimeter frame is only a means to provide more information concerning the message that the viewer has already interpreted at a first glance;
  • the perimeter frame may act as a decorative frame for the image; - the shape, colors, hue and saturation can be conveniently changed and customized according to the message that the first portion of the figurative and/or nominative element intends to convey to the viewer or a device having image recognition and OCR features ;
  • the perimeter frame contains the alphanumeric code of the services associated with the first portion of the figurative and/or nominative element and not that of the first portion of the figurative and/or nominative element (e.g. the perimeter frame does not necessarily contain the code of the illustrated product) ;
  • a first portion of the figurative and/or nominative element may be associated with multiple codes, and a code may be associated with multiple first portions of figurative and/or nominative elements (e.g. an image of an article may be inserted in a peripheral frame that links to the Website or to current offers, or a perimeter frame linking to a single Website may contain images of different types of products;
  • the code extracted from the perimeter frame as well as additional information extracted by recognition of an image from the first portion of the figurative and/or denominative element (the subject of the image and/or the alphanumerically decoded text), and the additional information concerning the code-reading device, are transmitted to the remote server;
  • the server when the server receives a code, it may take various actions depending on: the geographic location of the user, the characteristics of the device that is being used to read the code and the personal information of the person that has read the code;
  • the server that receivers the code may in turn communicate with further servers and with the device that has read/sent the data to receive additional information and to impart controls (e.g. the server might ask for customer information to another external server and tell the smartphone to execute an APP) ;
  • the blocks of the perimeter frame may have each a different color, each color being suitable to be associated with a different code, such that the code can contain a larger amount of information, using a perimeter frame of the same size;
  • the individual blocks of the perimeter frame may have each a different shape, and each shape may be associated with a different code, such that the code can contain a larger amount of information, using a perimeter frame of the same size;
  • each of the blocks may have a different size and shape
  • the shape of the perimeter frame, the number of the lines and the blocks are known beforehand, as they correspond to a sample frame stored in the library of the storage means;
  • the above mentioned unique marker is a sequence of blocks whose colors and shapes are known beforehand, said sequence appearing only once in the perimeter frame (e.g. four white blocks vertically aligned one above the other along the path of the perimeter frame) ;
  • the first portion of the graphical and/or nominative element may contain images or else that may be analyzed/recognized by the optical reader for further code extraction (e.g. by recognition of the subject represented therein or OCR) .

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A figurative and/or denominative element (1) comprises a first portion (2) that bears an image circumscribed in a peripheral frame (3) having a circular shape; such perimeter frame (3) is defined by a plurality of colored or black-and-white blocks that form a code for the optical reader of an electronic device.

Description

"Figurative and/or denominative element and process for receiving additional information from said figurative and/or denominative element"
DESCRIPTION
The present invention relates to a figurative and/or denominative element as defined in the preamble of claim 1, which comprises a first portion bearing first information intelligible to a viewer.
In a further aspect, the present invention relates to a process for receiving additional information from said figurative and/or denominative element, in addition to the information intelligible to a viewer.
For simplicity, the present disclosure is given without limitation with particular reference to a figurative and/or denominative element bearing a figure and at least one caption, such that it can be reproduced on paper or other media. Nevertheless, it shall be understood that the disclosure may also relate to a figurative element comprising video and sound contents, and suitable to be reproduced, for instance, on screen. In the field of communication, both for advertising purposes and for providing information to users, there is a strong need of providing interested users with more information than they might infer at a glance from the examination of an image or a caption .
An adequately distinctive and attractive figurative and/or denominative element is found to be critical in captivating the attention of a viewer. As a result, the image and/or captions of the figurative and/or denominative element shall be able to captivate the attention of a viewer without bearing an excessive amount of details or information that might confuse the viewer.
On the other hand, a simple image or a single caption can only convey a small amount of information to the viewer, whereby the need is felt of providing the user with more information than that conveyed by the single image and/or the small number of captions of the figurative and/or denominative element.
At present, this need is fulfilled by associating a figurative element with a code, e.g. a numerical code, a bar code or a QR-CODE (Quick Response Code), and/or by adding a Web address in which more information concerning the figurative and/or denominative element viewed by the user may be retrieved .
In this respect, it should be noted that the addition of a Web address is generally ineffective, because the user is left the choice of connecting to the Web site by typing the right Web address or not.
This problem is partially obviated by the provision of a barcode or a Quick Response Code, assuming that nowadays a widely available electronic device like a smartphone or the like has appropriate applications for reading and decoding a barcode or a QR-CODE and automatically access the website.
While the implementation of a barcode or a QR- CODE is effective, it should be noted that the combination of these codes with static images or videos is not particularly appreciated by users /viewers . This is mainly because users are naturally reluctant to use his/her electronic device to frame a code whose nature is unknown to him/her, i.e. whose content cannot be determined beforehand.
In a further aspect, at present the need is felt of customizing the additional information about a particular figurative and/or denominative element according to the type of user/viewer and his/her personal characteristics, i.e. location, age and habits .
This invention is based on the issue of providing a figurative and/or denominative element that has such structural and functional characteristics as to fulfill the above needs, while obviating the above prior art drawbacks.
This problem is solved by a figurative and/or denominative element as defined in claim 1.
In a further aspect, this issue is also solved by a process as defined in claim 7, for receiving additional information from a figurative and/or denominative element which bears first information intelligible to a viewer.
Further features and advantages of the figurative and/or denominative element of the present invention, and the above mentioned process for receiving additional information from a figurative and/or denominative element which bears first information intelligible to a viewer, will be apparent from the following description of a few preferred exemplary embodiments thereof, which is given by way of illustration and without limitation with reference to the annexed drawings, in which:
- Figure 1 shows a plan view of a figurative and/or denominative element of the invention having a substantially circular shape;
- Figure 2 shows a plan view of the recognition matrix of the annular perimeter frame of the figurative and/or denominative element of Figure 1;
- Figure 3 shows a plan view of a figurative and/or denominative element of the invention having a different conformation;
- Figure 4 shows a plan view of the recognition matrix of the perimeter frame of the figurative and/or denominative element of Figure 3;
- Figure 5 shows a plan view of a figurative and/or denominative element having a hexagonal shape and
- Figure 6 shows a plan view of the recognition matrix of the hexagonal perimeter frame of the figurative and/or denominative element of Figure 5.
According to the invention, each figurative and/or denominative element comprises a first portion bearing first information intelligible to a viewer, which is selected from the group from the group comprising a static image, a dynamic image, a video, an audio message, a multimedia content, a logo, a drawing, a trademark and a caption.
Such first portion of the figurative and/or denominative element of the invention is associated with a code, e.g. an alphanumeric code, which bears information encoded according to a predetermined algorithm, such encoded information being suitable to be decoded by an electronic device comprising an optical code reader.
In addition to an optical code reader, such electronic device preferably comprises:
- a microprocessor,
- data storage means, such as a SD-Card,
- means for recognizing images, codes, sound and/or video,
- software for recognizing images, codes, sound and/or video, to recognize and read the above mentioned code associated with the first portion of the figurative and/or denominative element, as well as
- software for decoding and processing images, codes, sound and/or video so detected according to a predetermined decoding algorithm, i.e. software suitable to decode the code that has been read by such means for recognizing images, codes, sound and/or video.
Preferably, the above mentioned electronic device consists of a smartphone, a tablet, a personal computer, a laptop and the like. Advantageously, the above mentioned code associated with the first portion of the figurative and/or denominative element defines a perimeter frame having a predetermined thickness S which axially extends over a predetermined path along an outer edge of at least part of said first portion of the figurative and/or denominative element.
The above mentioned perimeter frame has at least two parallel lines, one above the other, in its thickness S, each line being divided into a plurality of blocks of predetermined color, hue and saturation, to detect changes in color, hue and/or saturation in said line.
Advantageously, the blocks of at least one peripheral line of said frame form a predetermined color, hue and saturation sequence which is suitable to be recognized by an electronic device comprising an optical code reader as a line of blocks delimiting the frame itself. In other words, this peripheral line allows the optical code reader of the electronic device to locate the code-containing frame within a more complex figurative and/or denominative element comprising other images and captions/numbers in addition to the frame.
On the other hand, the blocks of the at least one remaining line of said frame form a color, hue and saturation sequence that define a code suitable to be read by the optical code reader of the above mentioned electronic device from a predetermined starting point.
Advantageously, a first plurality of blocks of such frame defines a unique marker in said frame, which is formed of a predetermined unique color, hue and saturation sequence of blocks, suitable to define the above mentioned starting point for code reading in the frame by the optical code reader of the electronic device.
As mentioned above, the perimeter frame extends over a predetermined axial path that may have the shape of an annulus, an elliptical ring, a regular polygon, an irregular polygon, a broken and/or curved line, a symbol, a number and/or a letter of the alphabet .
According to a preferred embodiment, the above mentioned first portion of the figurative and/or graphical element is located in said frame and is entirely contained, namely circumscribed in the perimeter frame. Therefore, said perimeter frame encloses said first portion of the figurative and/or denominative element. According to a preferred embodiment, for faster and safer detection of the shape and position of the perimeter frame by the optical code reader of the electronic device, at least three distinct parallel lines lie one above the other within the thickness S of the perimeter frame, which are composed of respective blocks of predetermined color, hue and saturation .
According to this preferred embodiment, the blocks of the outermost lines of said at least three parallel lines lying one above the other in said frame form a predetermined color, hue and saturation sequence, defining the outer boundary lines of the perimeter of said frame, which are suitable to be easy recognized by the optical code reader of the electronic device.
Preferably, the detection of the shape and size of the frame is further facilitated in that the above mentioned predetermined color, hue and saturation sequence of the blocks of a first outer line of the outer lines of the frame is complementary or offset by at least one block relative to the predetermined color, hue and saturation sequence of the blocks of the second outer line of the other of said two outer lines of the frame. The blocks of the remaining lines of the frame between such two outer lines, i.e. at least one line, preferably two or more lines, contain the sequence of blocks whose color, hue and saturation are designed to be read as a code by the optical reader of the electronic device.
Preferably, the above-mentioned first plurality of blocks of the perimeter frame that defines a unique marker in said frame, is composed of at least one block for each line of blocks detected in the thickness S of the perimeter frame.
Preferably, the above-mentioned first plurality of blocks that defines a unique marker in said perimeter frame, is composed of contiguous blocks of different lines, said unique marker being defined by a strip of blocks extending across the thickness S of the frame .
Preferably, the above-mentioned first plurality of blocks that defines a unique marker in the frame is composed of blocks having equal color, hue and saturation .
With the figurative and/or denominative element as described above, the process of the invention for receiving additional information from such figurative and/or denominative element comprises the steps of: A) providing a figurative and/or denominative element as described above;
B) providing an electronic device as described above ;
C) framing the figurative and/or denominative element by the means for recognizing images, codes, sound and/or video of the electronic device;
D) detecting the perimeter frame associated with the first portion of the figurative and/or denominative element;
E) determining the position and/or the conformation of the perimeter frame so detected;
F) locating the above-mentioned unique marker consisting of the predetermined unique color, hue and/or saturation sequence in the perimeter frame so detected;
G) reading the color, hue and saturation sequence of the blocks of the at least one remaining line of the frame with reference to the unique marker so located and
H) detecting, by the microprocessor of the electronic device and according to the predetermined decoding algorithm stored in the electronic device, the color, hue and saturation sequence as read from the blocks of said at least one remaining line of the frame, to retrieve the additional information contained in the perimeter frame of the figurative and/or denominative element.
According to the preferred embodiment as described above, in which the perimeter frame has two outer lines of blocks that form outer boundary lines of the perimeter of the frame, the above-mentioned step D) of detecting the perimeter frame associated with the first portion of the figurative and/or denominative element is carried out by finding such two outer lines of blocks that form outer boundary lines, enclosing therebetween the lines of blocks containing the actual code related to the additional information of the figurative and/or denominative element .
Once an object composed of multiple lines of blocks with particular colors, hues and saturations has been detected in the figurative and/or denominative element, the recognition of the frame and its blocks according to the above mentioned step E) of determining the position and/or the conformation of the perimeter frame may be carried out by a step I) in which the shape and size of the detected frame is checked for substantial correspondence with the shape and size of one of the sample frames of the library of sample frames that are stored in the data storage means of the above mentioned electronic device.
This allows accurate determination of the shape and size of the detected frame.
Preferably, the above mentioned step I) of checking for substantial correspondence of the shape and size of the detected frame with the shape and size of a sample frame is carried out by scaling, rotating and/or moving the image of the detected frame with respect to the shape and size of a sample frame to check for substantial correspondence of the detected frame with the sample frame.
It shall be understood that, if the frame detected by the optical reader does not substantially correspond to the shape and size of a given sample frame, even after scaling, rotation and/or translation of the image of the detected frame by the microprocessor, the microprocessor will perform the same comparison with a different sampling frame, until it finds substantial correspondence of the image of the detected frame with the image of a sample frame.
If no substantial correspondence is found between the image of the detected frame and the image of a sample frame, for none of the stored sample frames, the electronic device will return a frame recognition error.
According to a preferred embodiment, the above mentioned electronic device also comprises means for establishing a data-transceiving protocol with a remote server, comprising a database.
In this case:
- the above-mentioned step H) of decoding and retrieving the additional information contained in said frame of said figurative and/or denominative element is followed by a step of sending this additional information to the above-mentioned remote server and
- the process of the invention comprises the additional step L) of receiving a plurality of complementary information pieces from the above mentioned database of the remote server, which additional information is related to the additional information that has been sent and/or to data analysis with deterministic, stochastic and predictive algorithms.
According to the preferred embodiment, besides the additional information contained in the perimeter frame as detected by the figurative and/or denominative element, the electronic device also sends further data, concerning:
- the geographic location of said electronic device comprising an optical code reader,
- personal information or preferences entered by a viewer into the electronic device,
- information concerning the history of previous readings performed using the same electronic device and/or
- the type of the first information intelligible to a viewer contained in the first portion of the figurative and/or denominative element.
As this additional data is sent to the remote server, the server may select the customized information to be sent as a response to the electronic device from the database, also according to any part of the additional data that has been sent by the electronic device itself.
Preferably, such additional data sent by the electronic device to the server comprises information about the browsing history over the Web or in a local network .
Preferably, the above mentioned electronic device establishes a data transceiving protocol with the remote server over the Web or in a local network. In response to a wrong recognition of the detected frame, the electronic device may make a predetermined number of attempts, e.g. two attempts, to repeat the procedure for recognition of the perimeter frame of a given figurative and/or nominative element. Alternatively, or after such number of repetitions of the frame recognition procedure, the electronic device may comprise a step of connection to a remote server to check whether a further frame sample template is available for download from such server and for addition to library of the stored sample frames. If it is, the device will download the new sample frame template and store it in the library of the storage means, to repeat recognition of the detected frame. This will provide a "self-learning" procedure for the electronic device, which will be able to update even for adaptation to the newly developed types of perimeter frames .
Particularly referring to Figures 1 to 6, it may be appreciated that these figures show by way of example and without limitation three different configurations of graphical and/or denominative elements 1, each comprising a first area 2, e.g. bearing an image with some captions, with which a code-containing perimeter frame 3 is associated.
In these three different embodiments, each perimeter frame 3 has four parallel lines of respective blocks, one above the other, within its thickness S, and while such lines are in black and white in this example, they may also assume different colors and hues, as mentioned above.
As described above, the outermost line of blocks 4 and the innermost line of blocks 6 of each perimeter frame 3 defines outer boundary lines of the perimeter of the frame 3, which are suitable to be easily detected by the optical code reader of the electronic device. Particularly, these outer lines 4 and 6 of each perimeter frame 3 form a predetermined color, hue and saturation sequence, which identifies a detection matrix for the electronic device that is designed to read the code of the frame.
According to these embodiments, only the blocks of the two middle lines 5 bear the code of the perimeter line, and it shall be noted that, as mentioned above, there may be perimeter frames with a single code line or more than two lines of blocks.
Each of Figures 2, 4 and 6 shows the above mentioned block matrix defined by the outer lines 4 and 6 of each perimeter frame 3 as shown in Figures 1, 3 and 5 respectively.
Concerning the above mentioned block matrices, the blocks of the outer lines are offset from each other by at least one block, in terms of color, hue and saturation.
Namely, if a dark block is contained in the outermost line 4 of each matrix of the perimeter frame, in the next line inwards the corresponding block is a complementary light block, and vice versa.
A unique marker 7 can be detected in each perimeter frame of Figures 1, 3 and 5, which is formed of a predetermined unique color, hue and saturation sequence of blocks, suitable to define the above mentioned starting point for code reading in the frame by the optical code reader of the electronic device.
In the illustrated example, this unique marker 7 is defined by a series of three white blocks (although they may also be of black or any other equal color or hue) , which are aligned in the thickness S of each perimeter frame 3, one above the other, along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the frame that extends over the predetermined path.
In the example of Figure 1, the perimeter frame 3 assumes the conformation of an annulus which has the first image-bearing area 2 entirely circumscribed therein .
In the example of Figure 3, the perimeter frame 3 assumes a "C" conformation which partially contains the first area 2 of the figurative and/or denominative element. In this case, the perimeter frame 3 is only associated with a limited outer perimeter portion of the first area 2.
In the example of Figure 5, the perimeter frame assumes the conformation of a regular polygon, namely a hexagon, which has the image-bearing area 2 entirely circumscribed therein.
~k ~k ~k
Exemplary algorithm for decoding the code contained in the frame
The blocks of the outer lines of blocks of the perimeter frame have alternate colors: for example if an outer block is white, the next corresponding block inwards will be black. Conversely, if an outer block is black, the next corresponding block inwards will be white.
There is only one combination of blocks of the same color in the radial inside-to-outside direction. This combination forms the unique marker that sets the starting point of the sequence of codes contained in the perimeter frame (e.g. four white blocks in the upper central part of the perimeter frame) .
The shape of the perimeter frame, as well as the position and number of blocks are known beforehand to the electronic device that will perform a scan for code recognition, and such information will be known once the detected frame is found to substantially match a sample perimeter frame whose data is stored in the storage means of the electronic device.
The electronic device for code recognition constructs a matrix with all the positions of the outermost and innermost blocks of the perimeter frame. The electronic device searches the scanned code for the shapes and colors of the blocks in all the positions of the matrix. The matrix is rotated and moved throughout the space of the scanned image until the shapes and colors of all the detected blocks match those expected for a particular sample frame template. If all the shapes and colors match, the electronic device assumes it has found the perimeter frame from which it will extract the codes. The image will be entirely or partially contained in the internal area of the perimeter frame.
As the electronic device knows the position of the outermost and innermost blocks, it may reconstruct the position of any blocks contained between the former blocks by interpolation.
The first portion of the graphical and/or nominative element (e.g. an image with captions) may also be analyzed for extraction of additional information .
Then, the codes extracted from the perimeter frame and the information extracted from image analysis are sent to the server.
~k ~k ~k
As clearly shown in the above description, the figurative and/or nominative element and the process of the present invention fulfill the above mentioned need and also obviate prior art drawbacks as set out in the introduction of this disclosure.
Concerning the above described figurative and/or nominative element and process, it shall be noted that :
- the first portion of the figurative and/or nominative element conveys the message to the viewer, and the perimeter frame is only a means to provide more information concerning the message that the viewer has already interpreted at a first glance;
- the perimeter frame may act as a decorative frame for the image; - the shape, colors, hue and saturation can be conveniently changed and customized according to the message that the first portion of the figurative and/or nominative element intends to convey to the viewer or a device having image recognition and OCR features ;
- the perimeter frame contains the alphanumeric code of the services associated with the first portion of the figurative and/or nominative element and not that of the first portion of the figurative and/or nominative element (e.g. the perimeter frame does not necessarily contain the code of the illustrated product) ;
- a first portion of the figurative and/or nominative element may be associated with multiple codes, and a code may be associated with multiple first portions of figurative and/or nominative elements (e.g. an image of an article may be inserted in a peripheral frame that links to the Website or to current offers, or a perimeter frame linking to a single Website may contain images of different types of products;
- the code extracted from the perimeter frame, as well as additional information extracted by recognition of an image from the first portion of the figurative and/or denominative element (the subject of the image and/or the alphanumerically decoded text), and the additional information concerning the code-reading device, are transmitted to the remote server;
- when the server receives a code, it may take various actions depending on: the geographic location of the user, the characteristics of the device that is being used to read the code and the personal information of the person that has read the code;
- the server that receivers the code may in turn communicate with further servers and with the device that has read/sent the data to receive additional information and to impart controls (e.g. the server might ask for customer information to another external server and tell the smartphone to execute an APP) ;
- the blocks of the perimeter frame may have each a different color, each color being suitable to be associated with a different code, such that the code can contain a larger amount of information, using a perimeter frame of the same size;
- the individual blocks of the perimeter frame may have each a different shape, and each shape may be associated with a different code, such that the code can contain a larger amount of information, using a perimeter frame of the same size;
- each of the blocks may have a different size and shape;
- the shape of the perimeter frame, the number of the lines and the blocks are known beforehand, as they correspond to a sample frame stored in the library of the storage means;
- the above mentioned unique marker is a sequence of blocks whose colors and shapes are known beforehand, said sequence appearing only once in the perimeter frame (e.g. four white blocks vertically aligned one above the other along the path of the perimeter frame) ;
- the first portion of the graphical and/or nominative element may contain images or else that may be analyzed/recognized by the optical reader for further code extraction (e.g. by recognition of the subject represented therein or OCR) .
Those skilled in the art will obviously appreciate that a number of changes and variants may be made to the figurative and/or nominative element and the process as described hereinbefore to meet specific needs, without departure from the scope of the invention, as defined in the following claims.

Claims

1. Figurative and/or denominative element comprising a first portion (2) bearing first information intelligible to a viewer, which is selected from the group comprising a static image, a dynamic image, a video, an audio message, a multimedia content, a logo, a drawing, a trademark and a caption, wherein said first portion of the figurative and/or denominative element of the invention is associated with a code bearing information encoded according to a predetermined algorithm, to be read by an electronic device comprising an optical code reader, characterized in that said code defines a perimeter frame (3) having a predetermined thickness (S) which axially extends over a predetermined path along an outer edge of at least part of said first portion ( 2 ) , wherein :
- said perimeter frame (3) has at least two parallel lines, one above the other, in its thickness (S), each line being divided into a plurality of blocks of predetermined color, hue and saturation, to detect changes in color, hue and/or saturation in said line;
- the blocks of at least one peripheral line (4, 6) of said perimeter frame (3) form a predetermined color, hue and saturation sequence which is suitable to be recognized by an electronic device comprising an optical code reader as a line of blocks delimiting said perimeter frame (3) ;
- the blocks of at least one remaining line (5) of said perimeter frame (3) represent a code by a color, hue and saturation sequence, which is suitable to be read by an electronic device comprising an optical code reader from a predetermined starting point, and
- a first plurality of blocks (7) of said perimeter frame (3) defining a unique marker (7) in said perimeter frame (3), which is formed of a predetermined unique color, hue and saturation sequence of blocks, suitable to define a starting point for code reading in the frame for an electronic device comprising an optical code reader.
2. A figurative and/or denominative element as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first portion (2) is entirely contained in said perimeter frame (3) .
3. A figurative and/or denominative element as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said predetermined path is selected from the group comprising an annulus, an elliptical ring, a regular polygon, an irregular polygon, a broken and/or curved line, a symbol, a number or a letter of the alphabet.
4. A figurative and/or denominative element as claimed in any of claims from 1 to 3, wherein:
- said perimeter frame (3) has at least three parallel lines (4, 5, 6), one above the other, in its thickness (S) , which are formed of respective blocks of predetermined color, hue and saturation;
- the blocks of the outer lines (4, 6) of said at least three parallel lines (4, 5, 6) lying one above the other, of said perimeter frame (3) form a predetermined color, hue and saturation sequence defining the outer boundary lines of the perimeter of said perimeter frame (3), which are suitable to be detected by an electronic device comprising an optical code reader and
- said predetermined color, hue and saturation sequence of the blocks of a first outer line (4) of said outer lines (4, 6) of the perimeter frame (3) being complementary or offset by at least one block relative to the predetermined color, hue and saturation sequence of the blocks of the second outer line (6) of the second outer line (6) of said outer lines (4, 6) of the perimeter frame (3) .
5. A figurative and/or denominative element as claimed in any of claims from 1 to 4, wherein said first plurality of blocks (7) comprises at least one block for each line of blocks of the perimeter frame (3) .
6. A figurative and/or denominative element as claimed in claim 5, wherein said first plurality of blocks (7) is formed of contiguous blocks of different lines, said unique marker (7) being defined by a strip extending across the thickness (S) of said perimeter frame (3) and having predetermined colors, hues and saturations.
7. A process for receiving additional information from a figurative and/or denominative element which bears first information intelligible to a viewer, said process comprising the steps of:
A) providing a figurative and/or denominative element as claimed in any of claims from 1 to 6;
B) providing an electronic device comprising an optical code reader, a microprocessor, data storage means, means for recognizing images, codes, sound and/or video and software for recognizing images, codes, sound and/or video, and software for decoding and processing images, codes, sound and/or video so detected according to a predetermined decoding algorithm;
C) framing said figurative and/or denominative element by said means for recognizing images, codes, sound and/or video of said electronic device comprising an optical code reader;
D) detecting said perimeter frame (3) associated with the first portion (2) of the figurative and/or denominative element bearing first intelligible information;
E) determining the position and/or the conformation of said perimeter frame (3);
F) locating said unique marker (7) consisting of said predetermined unique color, hue and/or saturation sequence of blocks in said perimeter frame (3) ;
G) reading the color, hue and saturation sequence of the blocks of said at least one remaining line (5) of said perimeter frame (3) with reference to said unique marker (7) and
H) decoding by said microprocessor and according to said predetermined decoding algorithm, the color, hue and saturation sequence as read from the blocks of said at least one remaining line (5) of said perimeter frame (3), to retrieve the additional information contained in said perimeter frame (3) of said figurative and/or denominative element.
8. A process as claimed in claim 7, wherein: - said data storage means of said electronic device comprising an optical code reader have stored therein a library of sample frames;
- said step D) of detecting said perimeter frame (3) is carried out by searching for said at least one peripheral line (4, 5) that forms a predetermined color, hue and saturation sequence in said perimeter frame (3) and
- said step E) of determining the position and/or the conformation of said perimeter frame (3) is carried out by a step I) in which the shape and size of the detected frame (3) is checked to substantially match the shape and size of one of said sample frames, such that the shape and size of the detected perimeter frame (3) may be accurately determined.
9. A process as claimed in claim 7, wherein:
- in said figurative and/or denominative element: said perimeter frame (3) has at least three parallel lines (4, 5, 6), one above the other, in its thickness (S) , which are formed of respective blocks of predetermined color, hue and saturation,
• the blocks of the outer lines (4, 6) of said at least three parallel lines lying one above the other, of said perimeter frame (3) form predetermined identical color, hue and saturation sequences defining outer boundary lines of the perimeter of said perimeter frame (3), which are suitable to be detected by said electronic device comprising an optical code reader and
said predetermined color, hue and saturation sequence of the blocks of a first outer line (4) of said outer lines of the perimeter frame (3) being complementary or offset by at least one block relative to the predetermined color, hue and saturation sequence of the blocks of the second outer line (6) of the second outer line (6) of said outer lines of the perimeter frame (3) .
- said data storage means of said electronic device comprising an optical code reader have a sample frame library stored therein;
- said step D) of detecting said perimeter frame (3) is carried out by searching for said identical predetermined color, hue and saturation sequences offset from each other by at least one block of said outer lines (4, 6) of the perimeter frame (3) and
- said step E) of determining the position and/or the conformation of said perimeter frame (3) is carried out by a step I) in which the shape and size of the detected frame (3) is checked to substantially match the shape and size of one of said sample frames, such that the shape and size of the detected perimeter frame (3) may be accurately determined.
10. A process as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein said step I) of checking the shape and size of the detected perimeter frame (3) to substantially match the shape and size of a sample perimeter frame (3) is carried out by scaling, rotating and/or moving the image of the detected perimeter frame (3) with respect to the shape and size of a sample perimeter frame (3) to check the detected perimeter frame (3) to substantially match said sample perimeter frame (3) .
11. A process as claimed in any of claims from 7 to
10, wherein said electronic device comprising an optical code reader is an electronic device selected from the group comprising: a smartphone, a tablet, a personal computer, a laptop and the like.
12. A process as claimed in any of claims from 7 to
11, wherein:
- said electronic device comprising an optical code reader also comprises means for establishing a data-transceiving protocol with a remote server, comprising a database;
- said step H) of decoding and retrieving the additional information contained in said perimeter frame (3) of said figurative and/or denominative element is followed by a step of sending said additional information to said remote server and
- said process comprises the additional step L) of receiving a plurality of complementary information pieces from said database of the remote server, which additional information is related to the additional information that has been sent and/or to data analysis with deterministic, stochastic and predictive algorithms.
13. A process as claimed in claim 12 wherein, besides said additional information contained in said perimeter frame (3) of said figurative and/or denominative element, said electronic device comprising an optical code reader also sends further data, concerning:
- the geographic location of said electronic device comprising an optical code reader,
- personal information or preferences entered by a viewer into said electronic device,
- information concerning the history of previous readings performed using said electronic device and/or
- the type of the first information intelligible to a viewer contained in said first portion (2) of said figurative and/or denominative element,
- said remote server selecting the customized information to be sent as a response to said electronic device from the database, also according to any part of said additional data that has been sent by the electronic device itself.
14. A process as claimed in claims 11 and 13, wherein said additional data that has been sent by said electronic device comprises information about the browsing history over the Web or in a local network.
15. A process as claimed in any of claims from 12 to 14, wherein said electronic device comprising an optical code reader establishes a data-transceiving protocol with said remote server comprising a database, over the Web or a local network.
16. A process as claimed in claim 12 wherein, in response to a wrong recognition of the detected perimeter frame (3), the electronic device makes a predetermined number of attempts to repeat the procedure for recognition of the perimeter frame (3) of a given figurative and/or nominative element.
17. A process as claimed in claim 12 or 16 wherein, in response to a wrong recogniton of the detected perimeter frame (3), the electronic device carries out a step of connection to a remote server to check whether a further sample perimeter frame (3) template is available for download from such server and for addition to the sample frame library stored in said storage means, to further repeat the step of recognition of the detected perimeter frame (3) once the new sample perimeter frame (3) template has been added to said sample frame library.
PCT/IB2014/059075 2013-09-29 2014-02-18 Figurative and/or denominative element and process for receiving additional information from said figurative and/or denominative element WO2015044794A1 (en)

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