WO2015043195A1 - 交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015043195A1
WO2015043195A1 PCT/CN2014/077160 CN2014077160W WO2015043195A1 WO 2015043195 A1 WO2015043195 A1 WO 2015043195A1 CN 2014077160 W CN2014077160 W CN 2014077160W WO 2015043195 A1 WO2015043195 A1 WO 2015043195A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sound
absorbing
expanded polytetrafluoroethylene
porous
high sound
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/077160
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张云
丁荣华
Original Assignee
常州市泛亚微透科技有限公司
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Filing date
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Application filed by 常州市泛亚微透科技有限公司 filed Critical 常州市泛亚微透科技有限公司
Priority to JP2016516608A priority Critical patent/JP6283100B2/ja
Priority to EP14847941.3A priority patent/EP3051025A4/en
Priority to MX2016003714A priority patent/MX2016003714A/es
Priority to KR1020167005454A priority patent/KR20160067833A/ko
Publication of WO2015043195A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015043195A1/zh
Priority to US15/063,530 priority patent/US9771693B2/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
    • E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
    • E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
    • E01F8/0017—Plate-like elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
    • E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
    • E01F8/0023—Details, e.g. foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
    • E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
    • E01F8/0029—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement with porous surfaces, e.g. concrete with porous fillers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/56—After-treatment of articles, e.g. for altering the shape
    • B29C44/5627—After-treatment of articles, e.g. for altering the shape by mechanical deformation, e.g. crushing, embossing, stretching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/56—After-treatment of articles, e.g. for altering the shape
    • B29C44/569—Shaping and joining components with different densities or hardness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2027/00—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2027/12—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material containing fluorine
    • B29K2027/18—PTFE, i.e. polytetrafluorethene, e.g. ePTFE, i.e. expanded polytetrafluorethene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
    • B29K2105/041—Microporous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0001—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular acoustical properties
    • B29K2995/0002—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular acoustical properties insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/721—Vibration dampening equipment, e.g. shock absorbers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high sound absorbing composite material based on a surface coated expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film and a modified film thereof for a traffic sound barrier and a preparation method thereof.
  • the design of the sound barrier has fully considered the high-speed rail, highway, urban light rail, subway wind load, traffic safety impact and all-weather open-air anti-corrosion problems. It has a beautiful appearance and a long life. It is a sound insulation and noise reduction facility commonly used in modern cities. During the propagation of sound waves, when the sound barrier is encountered, reflection, transmission and diffraction occur.
  • the sound barrier height is between lm-5m, covering the effective area with an average noise reduction of 10-15dB(A) (125Hz-40000Hz, 1/3 octave), when the high speed train travels at a speed of 250-350KM/H, or high speed When high-altitude vehicles on elevated highways pass, the noise source of high-speed rail or subway or expressway will reach about 100dB.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high sound absorbing composite material for a traffic sound barrier and a preparation method thereof, which can make the traffic sound barrier not only have a soundproof function but also have a better sound absorbing function, so that the high iron rail elevated, the expressway, The noise of urban light rail and subway is significantly reduced, reaching 60 ⁇ 75dB. Ambient noise limits for work and life.
  • one technical solution adopted by the present invention is: Providing a high sound absorbing composite material for a traffic sound barrier, comprising: a porous sound absorbing material layer and a coating layer, and a porous sound absorbing material layer surface sealing coating
  • the coating layer is sealed and connected at the coating and the joint, and the coating layer is a modified polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film layer or a modified polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film modified film layer.
  • the porous sound absorbing material layer is made of fibrous aggregated fibers and articles thereof, porous structured foam, expanded perlite products, microporous glass wool, slag wool or the like.
  • the material is a variety of sound absorbing panels or sound absorbing members made of the main raw materials.
  • the sealed process connection includes quilting, bonding or welding.
  • the high sound absorbing composite material is disposed within the surface of the sound barrier panel or within the interlayer of the porous barrier panel.
  • another technical solution for the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a high sound absorbing composite material for a traffic sound barrier, comprising the following steps: a) porous sound absorbing material and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene Microporous film or expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film modified film for pre-process material preparation; b) cutting porous sound absorbing material; c) expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film or expanded polytetra The modified film of the fluoroethylene microporous film is coated on the surface of the porous sound absorbing material; d) sealing treatment is applied at the coating and the joint; e) after the above steps are completed, the combined material is inspected, and the package is tested after passing the test.
  • step b) after step b) is completed, an adhesive strip is disposed on the porous sound absorbing material according to the process requirements.
  • the porous sound absorbing material is a fibrous aggregated fiber. And its products, porous foam, expanded perlite products, microporous glass wool, slag wool or various sound absorbing panels or sound absorbing members made of such materials as the main raw material.
  • the sealing treatment connection of step d) comprises quilting, bonding or welding.
  • the modified film of the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film is modified on the surface of the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film with a layer of oil repellent or more. Modified treated coating.
  • the modified film of the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film is coated on the front and back sides of the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film and coated with the oil repellent and water repellent Sexually treated coating.
  • the high sound absorbing composite material for the traffic sound barrier of the present invention can significantly reduce noise, and is combined with the existing traffic sound barrier technology to make the traffic sound barrier not only have sound insulation function but also better sound absorption function.
  • the noise of high-speed rail, highway, urban light rail and subway is significantly reduced, reaching 60 ⁇ 75 dB of environmental noise limit suitable for working life.
  • the high sound absorption composite material for traffic sound barrier is resistant to outdoor and ultraviolet aging life longer than the existing acoustic barrier.
  • the sound-absorbing barrier uses high-sounding composite materials to make various organic or inorganic fibers and their products coated with fibrous aggregates, as well as porous structures of open-cell foam and expanded perlite products and have internal A large number of interpenetrating, outwardly opening microporous glass wool and slag wool or various sound absorbing panels or sound absorbing members made of such materials are not polluting the environment.
  • the high sound absorption composite material for traffic sound barrier has good flame retardancy.
  • Moisture-proof The high-sounding sound-absorbing material of the traffic sound barrier has good water-proof property, no water seepage, no mildew, bacterial growth, decay and unpleasant smell, ensuring long-term stability.
  • Plasticity The traffic sound barrier is easy to operate with high sound absorption combination materials, which can be applied to different specifications or tight spaces, providing greater flexibility in product design, light weight and easy installation.
  • FIG. 1 is a preferred embodiment of the high sound absorbing composite material for traffic sound barrier of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the structure; the components of the drawings are marked as follows: 1. Porous sound absorbing material layer, 2. Coating layer. detailed description
  • an embodiment of the present invention includes: a high sound absorbing composite material for a traffic sound barrier, comprising: a porous sound absorbing material layer 1 and a cladding layer 2, the surface of the porous sound absorbing material layer 1 is sealed and coated with the package
  • the coating layer 2 is sealed at the coating and the joint, and the coating layer 2 is a modified polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film layer or a modified polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film modified film layer.
  • Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Waterproof and moisture permeable microporous membrane is made by biaxial stretching by special process, thickness is about 10 ⁇ 200 ⁇ ⁇ , porosity is 80 ⁇ 96%, average The pore size is 0.01 ⁇ 25 ⁇ ⁇ , which is about 1/5000-1/20000 of water droplets, 700 times larger than water vapor molecules. The surface of the membrane can reach several billion open pores per square inch, each micropore. The diameter is several hundred times larger than the air molecules. Use The microporous structure can achieve excellent waterproof and moisture permeable function, and the hole is extremely small and longitudinally irregularly curved and staggered.
  • PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the material has a large number of interpenetrating, outwardly open micropores, which absorb noise.
  • the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film has good outdoor weather resistance, good thermal stability and wide operating temperature. It can work continuously at temperatures from minus 150 ° C to 260 ° C. The melting point is up to 327 °. C, non-combustible, excellent chemical stability, acid resistance, good alkalinity, can be used as many highly corrosive media, low friction coefficient, strong hydrophobicity, and can withstand outdoor ultraviolet radiation for more than 20 years without aging.
  • the porous sound absorbing material layer 1 is made of fibrous aggregated fibers and products thereof, porous foam, expanded perlite products, microporous glass wool, slag wool or various materials made of such materials. Sound absorbing panels or sound absorbing members. Sealing and jointing at the joint and joint to quilt, bond or weld, in order to ensure no rain.
  • the sound absorbing mechanism of the porous sound absorbing material causes air vibration in the pores when the sound waves are incident on the porous material. Due to the viscous resistance of friction and air, a part of the acoustic energy is converted into heat energy; in addition, the heat conduction between the air in the pores and the pore walls and fibers causes heat loss, which attenuates the sound energy and reduces the noise decibel value.
  • the high sound absorption composite material is disposed on the surface of the sound barrier board or in the interlayer of the porous barrier board, so that the traffic sound barrier not only has sound insulation function but also has better sound absorption function.
  • the noise of high-speed rail, highway, urban light rail and subway is significantly reduced, reaching 60 ⁇ 75dB environmental noise limit suitable for working life.
  • Embodiment 1 A method for preparing a high sound absorbing composite material for a traffic sound barrier, comprising the following steps: a) a porous sound absorbing material and an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film for pre-process material preparation; b) a porous suction The acoustic material is cut, and after the cutting is completed, the adhesive strip is disposed on the porous sound absorbing material according to the process requirement; c) the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film is coated on the surface of the porous sound absorbing material; d) coated And the joint is sealed and connected, including quilting, bonding or welding; e) After the above steps are completed, the combined materials are inspected and packaged after passing the inspection.
  • the porous sound absorbing material is a fibrous aggregate structure of various organic or inorganic fibers and articles thereof, and a porous structure of open-cell foamed plastic and expanded perlite products and has a large number of interpenetrating, outwardly open micro- Perforated glass wool and slag wool or various sound absorbing panels or sound absorbing members made of such materials as main raw materials.
  • the preparation process of the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film comprises the following steps: a) mixing the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion resin and the liquid auxiliary agent in proportion; b) after the mixing is completed, pressing it into the column blank, and The column blank is sliced by calendering to perform winding; c) re-rolling, and the flakes are removed by heating at the drying tunnel; d) after the aiding agent is removed, the sheet is stretched into microfiber holes. Structure, after heat setting, rewinding; e) After completing the above steps, inspecting and packaging, and finally obtaining an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film.
  • Embodiment 2 A method for preparing a high sound absorbing composite material for a traffic sound barrier, comprising the following steps: a) preparing a modified film of a porous sound absorbing material and an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film as a pre-process material;
  • the porous sound absorbing material is a fibrous aggregate structure of various organic or inorganic fibers and products thereof, and a porous structure of open-cell foam and expanded perlite products and a large amount of interpenetrating, internal Microporous glass wool and slag wool that are open to the outside or various sound absorbing panels or sound absorbing members made of such materials as main materials.
  • the modified film of the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film is modified on the surface of the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film by coating with a layer of oil-repellent and water-repellent modified coating, or The front and back surfaces of the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film are coated with the oil-repellent and water-repellent-modified coating.
  • the processing technology of the water-repellent and oil-repellent surface modification treatment of the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film is to first unwind the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film, spray the surface of the film with a water repellent treatment agent, and then perform low temperature drying to treat the oil. The surface of the film is sprayed, and then dried at a low temperature. After the final inspection, the film is stored.
  • the high sound absorbing composite material for the traffic sound barrier of the present invention can significantly reduce noise, and is combined with the existing traffic sound barrier technology to make the traffic sound barrier not only have sound insulation function but also better sound absorption function.
  • the noise of high-speed rail, highway, urban light rail and subway is significantly reduced, reaching 60 ⁇ 75 dB of environmental noise limit suitable for working life.
  • the high sound absorption composite material for traffic sound barrier is resistant to outdoor and ultraviolet aging life longer than the existing acoustic barrier.
  • the sound-absorbing barrier uses high-sounding composite materials to make various organic or inorganic fibers and their products coated with fibrous aggregates, as well as porous structures of open-cell foam and expanded perlite products and have internal A large number of interpenetrating, outwardly opening microporous glass wool and slag wool or various sound absorbing panels or sound absorbing members made of such materials are not polluting the environment.
  • the high sound absorption composite material for traffic sound barrier has good flame retardancy.
  • the high-sounding combination material of the traffic sound barrier is waterproof, non-seepage, no mold, bacteria breeding, decay and unpleasant smell, ensuring long-term stability.
  • the traffic sound barrier is easy to operate with high sound absorption combination materials, which can be applied to different specifications or tight spaces, providing greater flexibility in product design, light weight and easy installation.
  • the above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and thus does not limit the scope of the invention, and the equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, The same is included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

一种交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料及其制造方法。该高吸声组合材料包括多孔吸声材料层（1）和密封包覆该多孔吸声材料层（1）的包覆层（2），该包覆层（2）为膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜层或膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜的改性薄膜层。该高吸声组合材料层的制备方法包括以下步骤：1、准备多孔吸声材料和膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜或膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜的改性薄膜；2、将多孔吸声材料进行裁剪；3、将膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜或膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜的改性薄膜包覆在多孔吸声材料表面上；4、在包覆及接头处进行密封处理连接；5、检验合格后进行包装。该高吸声组合材料不但具有隔音功能而且还有吸声功能，从而能显著降低噪声，且其具有寿命长、环保、阻燃且防潮的优点。

Description

交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种交通声屏障用基于表面包覆膨体聚四氟乙烯薄膜及其改性 薄膜的高吸声组合材料及其制备方法。 背景技术
声屏障的设计已较为充分地考虑了高铁高架、 高速公路、 城市轻轨、 地铁 的风载、 交通车辆的撞击安全和全天候的露天防腐问题。 它外形美观大方寿命 长， 是现代化城市通用的隔声降噪设施。 声波在传播过程中， 遇到声屏障时， 就会发生反射、 透射和绕射三种现象。 声屏障高度在 lm-5m间， 覆盖有效区域 平均降噪达 10-15dB(A)(125Hz-40000Hz, 1/3倍频程），当高速列车 250-350KM/H 的速度行进时， 或高速高架公路大流量汽车通行时， 高铁或地铁或高速道路的 噪声源将达到 100dB左右， 这些噪声经声屏障隔音降噪后在距噪声源 100m的 范围内的仍有 85dB的噪声影响，达不到 60-75dB适于工作生活的环境噪声限值。 而纤维状聚集组织的各种有机或无机纤维及其制品以及多孔结构的开孔型 泡沫塑料和膨胀珍珠岩制品和内部有大量的、 互相贯通的、 向外敞开的微孔玻 璃棉和矿渣棉或以此类材料为主要原料制成的各种吸声板材或吸声构件等不耐 户外环境气候的影响， 尤其是户外紫外线的照射使得上述材料加速老化， 使用 寿命短， 3年后老化成龟裂或成粉末状， 失去吸声功能且会影响环境美观， 限制 了上述材料在声屏障工程上的应用。 发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料及其 制备方法， 能够使得交通声屏障不但具有隔音功能还具有更好的吸声功能， 使 得高铁高架、 高速公路、 城市轻轨、 地铁的噪声显著降低， 达到 60~75dB适于 工作生活的环境噪声限值。 为解决上述技术问题， 本发明釆用的一个技术方案是： 提供一种交通声屏 障用高吸声组合材料， 包括： 多孔吸声材料层和包覆层， 多孔吸声材料层表面 密封包覆所述包覆层， 并在包覆及接头处进行密封处理连接， 所述包覆层为膨 体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜层或膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜的改性薄膜层。 在本发明一个较佳实施例中， 多孔吸声材料层的材质为纤维状聚集组织的 纤维及其制品、 多孔结构的泡沫塑料、 膨胀珍珠岩制品、 微孔玻璃棉、 矿渣棉 或以此类材料为主要原料制成的各种吸声板材或吸声构件。 在本发明一个较佳实施例中， 密封处理连接包括珩缝、 粘接或焊接。 在本发明一个较佳实施例中， 该高吸声组合材料设于声屏障板的表面或多 孔屏障板的夹层内。 为解决上述技术问题， 本发明釆用的另一个技术方案是： 提供一种交通声 屏障用高吸声组合材料的制备方法， 包括以下步骤： a )多孔吸声材料和膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜或膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜的 改性薄膜做工艺前材料准备； b )将多孔吸声材料进行裁剪； c )将膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜或膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜的改性薄膜包覆 在多孔吸声材料表面上； d )在包覆及接头处进行密封处理连接； e ) 完成上述步骤后， 对组合材料进行检验， 检验合格后进行包装。 在本发明一个较佳实施例中， 步骤 b )完成后， 根据工艺需求在多孔吸声材 料上布设粘接胶条。 在本发明一个较佳实施例中， 所述多孔吸声材料为纤维状聚集组织的纤维 及其制品、 多孔结构的泡沫塑料、 膨胀珍珠岩制品、 微孔玻璃棉、 矿渣棉或以 此类材料为主要原料制成的各种吸声板材或吸声构件。 在本发明一个较佳实施例中， 步骤 d )所述的密封处理连接包括珩缝、 粘接 或焊接。 在本发明一个较佳实施例中， 膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜的改性薄膜是在膨 体聚四氟乙烯的微孔薄膜表面改性涂覆有大于等于一层经过拒油拒水改性处理 的涂层。 在本发明一个较佳实施例中， 膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜的改性薄膜是在膨 体聚四氟乙烯的微孔薄膜的正反面均涂布有所述经过拒油拒水改性处理的涂 层。 本发明的有益效果是：
1 )本发明的交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料能显著的降低噪声， 与现有的交 通声屏障技术结合应用， 使得交通声屏障不但具有隔音功能还具有更好的吸声 功能。 使得高铁高架、 高速公路、 城市轻轨、 地铁的噪声显著降低， 达到 60~7 5dB适于工作生活的环境噪声限值。
2 )交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料耐户外和紫外线老化寿命大于现有的声屏 障的使用寿命。
3) 环保： 交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料， 使得包覆其中的纤维状聚集组织 的各种有机或无机纤维及其制品以及多孔结构的开孔型泡沫塑料和膨胀珍珠岩 制品和内部有大量的、 互相贯通的、 向外敞开的微孔玻璃棉和矿渣棉或以此类 材料为主要原料制成的各种吸声板材或吸声构件等不污染环境。
4) 阻燃性： 交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料阻燃性好。
5) 防潮： 交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料防水性好， 不渗水， 无发霉， 细菌 滋生， 腐烂以及难闻气味的产生， 确保长期稳定性。 6) 可塑性： 交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料操作简便， 可适用于不同规格或 者紧密空间， 给产品设计提供了更大的灵活性， 重量很轻， 易于安装。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案， 下面将对实施例描述中所 需要使用的附图作简单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明 的一些实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下， 还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图， 其中： 图 1是本发明交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料一较佳实施例的结构示意图； 附图中各部件的标记如下： 1、 多孔吸声材料层， 2、 包覆层。 具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述， 显然， 所描 述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中 的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其 它实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。 请参阅图 1 , 本发明实施例包括： 一种交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料， 包括： 多孔吸声材料层 1和包覆层 2 , 多孔吸声材料层 1表面密封包覆所述包覆层 2 ,并在包覆及接头处进行密封处理 连接， 所述包覆层 2 为膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜层或膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜 的改性薄膜层。 膨体聚四氟乙烯薄膜： 聚四氟乙烯（PTFE ) 防水透湿微孔膜是经特殊工艺 经双向拉伸制成的， 厚约 10 ~ 200 μ πι, 孔隙率为 80 ~ 96%, 平均孔径为 0.01 ~ 25 μ πι, 约为水滴的 1/5000-1/20000 , 比水蒸气分子大 700倍， 膜表面每平方英 寸能达到几十亿个向外敞开的微孔， 每个微孔直径比空气分子大几百倍。 利用 这种微孔结构可达到优秀的防水透湿功能， 另外该孔极度细小和纵向不规则的 弯曲错层排列， 材料内部有大量的、 互相贯通的、 向外敞开的微孔， 具有吸收 噪音的功能。 膨体聚四氟乙烯薄膜耐户外环境气候性能好， 具有良好的热稳定性及宽广 的使用温度， 可在零下 150°C的低温至零上 260°C的高温下连续工作， 熔点高达 327 °C , 具有不燃性， 优异的化学稳定性、 抗酸、 碱性好， 能作为许多高腐蚀性 介质， 摩擦系数小， 疏水性强， 耐户外紫外线照射可以经历 20多年不老化。 多孔吸声材料层 1 的材质为纤维状聚集组织的纤维及其制品、 多孔结构的 泡沫塑料、 膨胀珍珠岩制品、 微孔玻璃棉、 矿渣棉或以此类材料为主要原料制 成的各种吸声板材或吸声构件。 包覆及接头处进行密封处理连接珩缝、 粘接或 焊接， 目的是确保不渗雨水。 多孔吸声材料的吸声机理是当声波入射到多孔材料时， 引起孔隙中的空气 振动。 由于摩擦和空气的粘滞阻力， 使一部分声能转变成热能;此外， 孔隙中的 空气与孔壁、 纤维之间的热传导， 也会引起热损失， 使声能衰减降低噪音分贝 值。 该高吸声组合材料设于声屏障板的表面或多孔屏障板的夹层内， 使得交通 声屏障不但具有隔音功能还具有更好的吸声功能。 使得高铁高架、 高速公路、 城市轻轨、 地铁的噪声显著降低， 达到 60~75dB适于工作生活的环境噪声限值。 实施例 1 : 一种交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料的制备方法， 包括以下步骤： a ) 多孔吸声材料和膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜做工艺前材料准备； b )将多孔吸声材料进行裁剪， 裁剪完成后根据工艺需求在多孔吸声材料上 布设粘接胶条； c )将膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜包覆在多孔吸声材料表面上； d )在包覆及接头处进行密封处理连接， 连接方式包括珩缝、 粘接或焊接； e ) 完成上述步骤后， 对组合材料进行检验， 检验合格后进行包装。
所述多孔吸声材料为纤维状聚集组织的各种有机或无机纤维及其制品以及 多孔结构的开孔型泡沫塑料和膨胀珍珠岩制品和内部有大量的、 互相贯通的、 向外敞开的微孔玻璃棉和矿渣棉或以此类材料为主要原料制成的各种吸声板材 或吸声构件等。 其中， 膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜的制备工艺包括以下步骤： a) 聚四氟乙烯分散树脂与液体助挤剂按比例混合； b ) 混合完成后， 将其压成柱体毛坯， 并通过压延法将柱体毛坯制成薄片， 进行收卷； c )再放卷， 通过烘道升温脱去薄片的助挤剂； d )助挤剂脱去后， 将薄片拉伸为微纤维孔结构， 热定型后， 再进行收卷； e )完成上述工序后， 进行检验、 包装， 最终制得膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜。 实施例 2: —种交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料的制备方法， 包括以下步骤： a ) 多孔吸声材料和膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜的改性薄膜做工艺前材料准 备；
b )将多孔吸声材料进行裁剪， 裁剪完成后根据工艺需求在多孔吸声材料上 布设粘接胶条； c )将膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜的改性薄膜包覆在多孔吸声材料表面上； d )在包覆及接头处进行密封处理连接， 连接方式包括珩缝、 粘接或焊接； e ) 完成上述步骤后， 对组合材料进行检验， 检验合格后进行包装。
所述多孔吸声材料为纤维状聚集组织的各种有机或无机纤维及其制品以及 多孔结构的开孔型泡沫塑料和膨胀珍珠岩制品和内部有大量的、 互相贯通的、 向外敞开的微孔玻璃棉和矿渣棉或以此类材料为主要原料制成的各种吸声板材 或吸声构件等。 膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜的改性薄膜是在膨体聚四氟乙烯的微孔薄膜表面 改性涂覆有大于等于一层经过拒油拒水改性处理的涂层， 或者在所述膨体聚四 氟乙烯的微孔薄膜的正反面均涂布有所述经过拒油拒水改性处理的涂层。 膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜防水拒油表面改性处理的加工工艺是先膨体聚四 氟乙烯微孔薄膜放卷， 防水处理剂喷涂膜表面， 再进行低温烘干， 将拒油处理 剂喷涂膜表面， 再次进行低温烘干， 最后检验合格后， 收卷储存。 本发明的有益效果为：
1 )本发明的交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料能显著的降低噪声， 与现有的交 通声屏障技术结合应用， 使得交通声屏障不但具有隔音功能还具有更好的吸声 功能。 使得高铁高架、 高速公路、 城市轻轨、 地铁的噪声显著降低， 达到 60~7 5dB适于工作生活的环境噪声限值。
2 )交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料耐户外和紫外线老化寿命大于现有的声屏 障的使用寿命。
3) 环保： 交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料， 使得包覆其中的纤维状聚集组织 的各种有机或无机纤维及其制品以及多孔结构的开孔型泡沫塑料和膨胀珍珠岩 制品和内部有大量的、 互相贯通的、 向外敞开的微孔玻璃棉和矿渣棉或以此类 材料为主要原料制成的各种吸声板材或吸声构件等不污染环境。
4) 阻燃性： 交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料阻燃性好。
5) 防潮： 交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料防水性好， 不渗水， 无发霉， 细菌 滋生， 腐烂以及难闻气味的产生， 确保长期稳定性。
6) 可塑性： 交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料操作简便， 可适用于不同规格或 者紧密空间， 给产品设计提供了更大的灵活性， 重量很轻， 易于安装。 以上所述仅为本发明的实施例， 并非因此限制本发明的专利范围， 凡是利 用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换， 或直接或间接运用在其 它相关的技术领域， 均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料， 其特征在于， 包括： 多孔吸声材料 层和包覆层， 多孔吸声材料层表面密封包覆所述包覆层， 并在包覆及接头处进 行密封处理连接， 所述包覆层为膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜层或膨体聚四氟乙烯 微孔薄膜的改性薄膜层。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料， 其特征在于， 多 孔吸声材料层的材质为纤维状聚集组织的纤维及其制品、 多孔结构的泡沫塑料、 膨胀珍珠岩制品、 微孔玻璃棉、 矿渣棉或以此类材料为主要原料制成的各种吸 声板材或吸声构件。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料， 其特征在于， 密 封处理连接包括珩缝、 粘接或焊接。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料， 其特征在于， 该 高吸声组合材料设于声屏障板的表面或多孔屏障板的夹层内。
5、 一种交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料的制备方法， 其特征在于， 包括以下 步骤：
a )多孔吸声材料和膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜或膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜的 改性薄膜做工艺前材料准备；
b )将多孔吸声材料进行裁剪；
c )将膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜或膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜的改性薄膜包覆 在多孔吸声材料表面上；
d )在包覆及接头处进行密封处理连接；
e ) 完成上述步骤后， 对组合材料进行检验， 检验合格后进行包装。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料的制备方法， 其特 征在于， 步骤 b ) 完成后， 根据工艺需求在多孔吸声材料上布设粘接胶条。
7、 根据权利要求 5所述的交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料的制备方法， 其特 征在于， 所述多孔吸声材料为纤维状聚集组织的纤维及其制品、 多孔结构的泡 沫塑料、 膨胀珍珠岩制品、 微孔玻璃棉、 矿渣棉或以此类材料为主要原料制成 的各种吸声板材或吸声构件。
8、 根据权利要求 5所述的交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料的制备方法， 其特 征在于， 步骤 d )所述的密封处理连接包括珩缝、 粘接或焊接。
9、 根据权利要求 5所述的交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料的制备方法， 其特 征在于， 膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜的改性薄膜是在膨体聚四氟乙烯的微孔薄膜 表面改性涂覆有大于等于一层经过拒油拒水改性处理的涂层。
10、 根据权利要求 5 所述的交通声屏障用高吸声组合材料的制备方法， 其 特征在于， 膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜的改性薄膜是在膨体聚四氟乙烯的微孔薄 膜的正反面均涂布有所述经过拒油拒水改性处理的涂层。
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