WO2015036954A1 - Method for creating a grit pattern on a grindstone - Google Patents

Method for creating a grit pattern on a grindstone Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015036954A1
WO2015036954A1 PCT/IB2014/064432 IB2014064432W WO2015036954A1 WO 2015036954 A1 WO2015036954 A1 WO 2015036954A1 IB 2014064432 W IB2014064432 W IB 2014064432W WO 2015036954 A1 WO2015036954 A1 WO 2015036954A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
laser beam
grindstone
grinding
pattern
stone
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2014/064432
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Kaj Backfolk
Juhani HYYTIÄINEN
Original Assignee
Stora Enso Oyj
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stora Enso Oyj filed Critical Stora Enso Oyj
Priority to EP14844668.5A priority Critical patent/EP3043961A4/en
Priority to US15/021,343 priority patent/US20160221140A1/en
Publication of WO2015036954A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015036954A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B3/00—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
    • B23K26/3568—Modifying rugosity
    • B23K26/3576—Diminishing rugosity, e.g. grinding; Polishing; Smoothing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
    • B23K26/3568—Modifying rugosity
    • B23K26/3584—Increasing rugosity, e.g. roughening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/361—Removing material for deburring or mechanical trimming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
    • B24D3/20—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially organic
    • B24D3/28—Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D2203/00—Tool surfaces formed with a pattern

Definitions

  • the present invention discloses a method to create and optimize a grit pattern on a grindstone.
  • GW ground wood
  • SGW stone ground wood
  • PGW pressure ground wood
  • SPGW pressurized ground wood
  • CPGW chemical pressurized ground wood
  • a grindstone or grinding stone
  • the main principle in grinding as well as in all mechanical defibration processes is to bring the wood raw material into a cyclic oscillating stress field whereby the absorbed mechanical energy breaks down the structure of the fibrous raw material.
  • pulps with different properties can be obtained.
  • the grinding conditions such as wood type, wood feeding rate, stone composition and characteristics (amplitude, frequency) , temperature, pressure, water etc., affect the yield, energy consumption as well as obtained fiber and furnish properties.
  • Typical for mechanical pulps are the high yield that is obtained, >95%, which is of course a benefit when aiming for efficient usage of raw materials.
  • Normal pulping stone tools are usually quite large and contain a plurality of abrasive segments assembled about a cylindrical concrete core see for example US 5,243,789.
  • Critical aspects in the grinding process are the pulp stone quality and particularly the surface being in contact with the wood.
  • Protruding active grits, and the physical dimension and pattern of the grits affect not only the fiber or furnish quality but also yield and energy consumption.
  • the grits In a ceramic pulp stone, the grits have typically a particle size of 0.2-0.5 mm.
  • the grits in a traditional new paper pulp stone is on an average of 0.6 mm apart cyclically load the fibers at frequencies in the range of 40-50 kHz.
  • the pulp stone usually comprise different ceramic materials such as silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, whereas the inner core is cement based material.
  • the grit pattern and grind exposure is crucial for the performance of the stone. Sharpening can be made with different mechanical tools whereas condition of the surface can be made with a water jet. The water jet made at high pressure (500-2400 bar) can be made during the production and affects therefore not the production. Besides removing impurities, this also improves the quality of the pulp and production capacity.
  • the sharpening on the other hand, provides sharped edges in the pattern which is important for water channels and enables removal of fibers. Typical groove depth is 0.2- 0.5 mm.
  • the dressing tool also referred as a burr
  • the dressing tool is normally rolled over the surface under sufficient pressure.
  • the features of the burr itself might affect the life time of the stone and particularly the grinding performance and the subsequent pulp quality. This will not only affect grinding efficiency, but also the papermaking process and end product performance.
  • US 2003/0145842 Al discloses a mechanical method or tool (burr) for sharpening or dressing a grinding stone comprising a cylindrical body containing plurality of teeth .
  • US 2008/0250725 Al discloses a method to use abrasive round particles in a grinding surface for making longer fibers.
  • Abrasive proppant grit is formed by attaching proppant to a grinding stone surface using an adhesive. Salmi, A., "What should the grindstone surface look like to produce pulp with least energy, Dissertation",
  • the surface treatment based on the use of proppants requires also continuous control of surface topography and that the interface between adhesive and stone remains strong enough. By using a mechanical tool, the surface is treated regardless it is in bad condition or not.
  • a purpose with the present invention is to improve the method to prepare a grinding stone surface.
  • the pattern can be created or fixed according to the current conditions and needs.
  • the present invention is related to a process based on using a laser beam in making a grit pattern on a surface of a grindstone. Moreover, the use of laser beam enables either etching or sintering or both simultaneously for preparing an optimal grinding stone surface.
  • the disclosed invention can also be equipped with an imaging system, which hence repairs and upgrades only selected areas.
  • the treatment of the laser beam can be operated in a normal mode to engrave the surface and create a sharp pattern for optimizing the grinding performance (pulp quality) or to reduce the grinding energy.
  • the grooves can be selectively clean from fibers or resins, and also remove part of the resins to get grit more protruding.
  • the laser can also be used to smoothening lands or to create microstructure on the lands.
  • Laser beam can further be used in order to fuse a coating or proppant on the grinding core stone.
  • the grits are normally adhered with an
  • Laser technology can further be used in a smart-variable mode, such that, the grindstone surface first is imagined and then a specific area is repaired or treated.
  • a repair might improve the grinding performance but also facilitate cleaning, and exposure of grains, grooves, cleaning and opening of pores, improving the water flow on stone surface. It might also enable more variable pattern optimization on the surface, which might be optimal due to seasonal effects etc.
  • the laser technology can be combined with existing technologies, thus offering both mechanical patterning with e.g. laser sharpening of grooves and smoothening of the lands.
  • the laser technology can also be used to sharpen the mechanical tools and to provide maintenance of the tools during the grindstone preparation and maintenance.
  • a benefit with the present invention is that laser beam method more efficiently makes and optimizes the grit pattern on the grindstone in order to reduce refining energy and to better tailor-made the fibers and pulp properties .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention concerns a method for creating a grit pattern on a grindstone. During manufacture the surface of the grindstone is treated by a laser beam.

Description

Method for creating a grit pattern on a grindstone
Technical field
The present invention discloses a method to create and optimize a grit pattern on a grindstone.
Prior art
In mechanical pulping, such as ground wood (GW) , stone ground wood (SGW) , pressure ground wood (PGW) , modified or developed versions of the above such as super
pressurized ground wood (SPGW) , or chemical pressurized ground wood (CPGW) , a grindstone (or grinding stone) is used to defibrate or liberate fibers from the wood matrix. The main principle in grinding as well as in all mechanical defibration processes is to bring the wood raw material into a cyclic oscillating stress field whereby the absorbed mechanical energy breaks down the structure of the fibrous raw material. By using different conditions during the grinding, pulps with different properties can be obtained. The grinding conditions such as wood type, wood feeding rate, stone composition and characteristics (amplitude, frequency) , temperature, pressure, water etc., affect the yield, energy consumption as well as obtained fiber and furnish properties. Typical for mechanical pulps are the high yield that is obtained, >95%, which is of course a benefit when aiming for efficient usage of raw materials. Normal pulping stone tools are usually quite large and contain a plurality of abrasive segments assembled about a cylindrical concrete core see for example US 5,243,789. Critical aspects in the grinding process are the pulp stone quality and particularly the surface being in contact with the wood. Protruding active grits, and the physical dimension and pattern of the grits affect not only the fiber or furnish quality but also yield and energy consumption. In a ceramic pulp stone, the grits have typically a particle size of 0.2-0.5 mm. The grits in a traditional new paper pulp stone is on an average of 0.6 mm apart cyclically load the fibers at frequencies in the range of 40-50 kHz. Without bound to any specific theory, the heat, pressure and mechanical impact in the grinding zone affects the release of fibers and fibrils. The pulp stone usually comprise different ceramic materials such as silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, whereas the inner core is cement based material. The grit pattern and grind exposure is crucial for the performance of the stone. Sharpening can be made with different mechanical tools whereas condition of the surface can be made with a water jet. The water jet made at high pressure (500-2400 bar) can be made during the production and affects therefore not the production. Besides removing impurities, this also improves the quality of the pulp and production capacity. The sharpening, on the other hand, provides sharped edges in the pattern which is important for water channels and enables removal of fibers. Typical groove depth is 0.2- 0.5 mm.
By sharpening the grinding stone surface, the quality of the pulp can be maintained or improved. The dressing tool, also referred as a burr, is normally rolled over the surface under sufficient pressure. However, the features of the burr itself might affect the life time of the stone and particularly the grinding performance and the subsequent pulp quality. This will not only affect grinding efficiency, but also the papermaking process and end product performance. US 2003/0145842 Al discloses a mechanical method or tool (burr) for sharpening or dressing a grinding stone comprising a cylindrical body containing plurality of teeth . US 2008/0250725 Al discloses a method to use abrasive round particles in a grinding surface for making longer fibers. Abrasive proppant grit is formed by attaching proppant to a grinding stone surface using an adhesive. Salmi, A., "What should the grindstone surface look like to produce pulp with least energy, Dissertation",
University of Helsinki, 2012
One negative aspect of mechanical pulp is the high energy consumption required in the pulping process, which can be as much high as 3.5 MWh/metric ton. Only 1-10% of the consumed energy goes to defibrating of fibers. In the publication by Salmi, A. "What should the grindstone surface look like to produce pulp with least energy, Dissertation", University of Helsinki, 2012, the role of the grinding stone pattern on energy consumption is revealed. By introduction a sinusoidal curve to the surface, it was possible to reduce grinding energy by 30%. US Patent 2009/0308549 (Tuovinen, 0., Device and method for defibration of wood) and Finnish Patent FI 98148 (Bjorkvist, T., Menetelma ja laite puun
mekaaniseksi kuiduttamiseksi , 1997) a two zone grindstone surface is proposed. The inventors called this a "kneading part" and a "loosening part" alternating in quick sessions.
However, the solutions described above to improve and manufacture a grinding stone surface are based on mechanical or chemical treatment technologies. The dressing results obtained with mechanical dressing is highly dependent on the dressing tool sharpness,
pressure, stone composition and other factors. The surface treatment based on the use of proppants, on the other hand, requires also continuous control of surface topography and that the interface between adhesive and stone remains strong enough. By using a mechanical tool, the surface is treated regardless it is in bad condition or not.
A purpose with the present invention is to improve the method to prepare a grinding stone surface. By using a more flexible technique, the pattern can be created or fixed according to the current conditions and needs.
The present invention is related to a process based on using a laser beam in making a grit pattern on a surface of a grindstone. Moreover, the use of laser beam enables either etching or sintering or both simultaneously for preparing an optimal grinding stone surface. In
contradiction to conventional mechanical sharpening techniques, this enables a faster and more precise solution to upgrade the pattern. The disclosed invention can also be equipped with an imaging system, which hence repairs and upgrades only selected areas. The treatment of the laser beam can be operated in a normal mode to engrave the surface and create a sharp pattern for optimizing the grinding performance (pulp quality) or to reduce the grinding energy. By adjusting the energy used in the laser, or the laser source, the grooves can be selectively clean from fibers or resins, and also remove part of the resins to get grit more protruding. The laser can also be used to smoothening lands or to create microstructure on the lands.
Laser beam can further be used in order to fuse a coating or proppant on the grinding core stone. According to prior art, the grits are normally adhered with an
adhesive such as a resin. However, the use of laser beam enables sintering of abrasive particles onto the stone surface by focusing the beam on the proppant which then after fuses into the resin matrix.
Laser technology can further be used in a smart-variable mode, such that, the grindstone surface first is imagined and then a specific area is repaired or treated. Such a repair might improve the grinding performance but also facilitate cleaning, and exposure of grains, grooves, cleaning and opening of pores, improving the water flow on stone surface. It might also enable more variable pattern optimization on the surface, which might be optimal due to seasonal effects etc.
The laser technology can be combined with existing technologies, thus offering both mechanical patterning with e.g. laser sharpening of grooves and smoothening of the lands. The laser technology can also be used to sharpen the mechanical tools and to provide maintenance of the tools during the grindstone preparation and maintenance.
A benefit with the present invention is that laser beam method more efficiently makes and optimizes the grit pattern on the grindstone in order to reduce refining energy and to better tailor-made the fibers and pulp properties .

Claims

C L A I M S
1. A method for treating or preparing a grindstone surface, characterized in that a laser beam is treats prepares the grindstone
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser beam is used for engraving a grit pattern on the grindstone surface.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the laser beam is used for creating a sharp pattern for optimizing grinding performance.
4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the laser beam is used for reducing grinding energy.
5. The method according to any of claims 1-4,
characterized in that the method further comprising the step of adjusting the energy of the laser beam, such that, selectively cleaning of grooves from fibers or resins is enabled.
6. The method according to any of claims 1-4,
characterized in that the method further comprising the step of adjusting the energy of the laser beam, such that, part of resins is removed to get grit more
protruding .
7. The method according to any of claims 1-6,
characterized in that the laser beam is used for
smoothening lands.
8. The method according to any of claims 1-7,
characterized in that the laser beam is used for creating microstructure .
9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser beam is used to fuse proppant on the grinding surface .
10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the propellant etches the grinding surface.
11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser beam is used for sintering the surface.
12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the sintering creates a pattern with different functionalities .
PCT/IB2014/064432 2013-09-13 2014-09-11 Method for creating a grit pattern on a grindstone WO2015036954A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14844668.5A EP3043961A4 (en) 2013-09-13 2014-09-11 Method for creating a grit pattern on a grindstone
US15/021,343 US20160221140A1 (en) 2013-09-13 2014-09-11 Method for creating a grit pattern on a grindstone

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201361877572P 2013-09-13 2013-09-13
US61/877,572 2013-09-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015036954A1 true WO2015036954A1 (en) 2015-03-19

Family

ID=52665152

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2014/064432 WO2015036954A1 (en) 2013-09-13 2014-09-11 Method for creating a grit pattern on a grindstone

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20160221140A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3043961A4 (en)
WO (1) WO2015036954A1 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996038624A1 (en) * 1995-06-02 1996-12-05 Valmet Corporation Method and apparatus for mechanical defibration of wood
WO2005039828A1 (en) * 2003-10-10 2005-05-06 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive tools made with a self-avoiding abrasive grain array
WO2006128960A1 (en) * 2005-06-03 2006-12-07 M-Real Oyj Method and apparatus for mechanical defibration of wood
WO2009013716A2 (en) * 2007-07-23 2009-01-29 Element Six Limited Placing of superhard material
US20090308549A1 (en) * 2006-04-28 2009-12-17 Olli Tuovinen Device and Method for Defibration of Wood
US20100272961A1 (en) * 2009-04-27 2010-10-28 Costin Jr Darryl J Staggered laser-etch line graphic system, method and articles of manufacture

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998014307A1 (en) * 1996-09-30 1998-04-09 Osaka Diamond Industrial Co. Superabrasive tool and method of its manufacture
JP2002321155A (en) * 2001-04-23 2002-11-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Non-contact tool adjusting method and apparatus therefor
JP4264927B2 (en) * 2002-08-26 2009-05-20 株式会社日立プラズマパテントライセンシング Manufacturing method of substrate for thin display device
JP4186658B2 (en) * 2003-03-13 2008-11-26 株式会社デンソー Grinding wheel surface shape adjusting method and apparatus, grinding machine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996038624A1 (en) * 1995-06-02 1996-12-05 Valmet Corporation Method and apparatus for mechanical defibration of wood
WO2005039828A1 (en) * 2003-10-10 2005-05-06 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive tools made with a self-avoiding abrasive grain array
WO2006128960A1 (en) * 2005-06-03 2006-12-07 M-Real Oyj Method and apparatus for mechanical defibration of wood
US20090308549A1 (en) * 2006-04-28 2009-12-17 Olli Tuovinen Device and Method for Defibration of Wood
WO2009013716A2 (en) * 2007-07-23 2009-01-29 Element Six Limited Placing of superhard material
US20100272961A1 (en) * 2009-04-27 2010-10-28 Costin Jr Darryl J Staggered laser-etch line graphic system, method and articles of manufacture

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP3043961A4 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20160221140A1 (en) 2016-08-04
EP3043961A1 (en) 2016-07-20
EP3043961A4 (en) 2017-04-12

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