WO2015022848A1 - 車両用前照灯装置および導光素子 - Google Patents
車両用前照灯装置および導光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015022848A1 WO2015022848A1 PCT/JP2014/069569 JP2014069569W WO2015022848A1 WO 2015022848 A1 WO2015022848 A1 WO 2015022848A1 JP 2014069569 W JP2014069569 W JP 2014069569W WO 2015022848 A1 WO2015022848 A1 WO 2015022848A1
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- light
- light guide
- incident
- guide element
- emission
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
- F21S41/63—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates
- F21S41/635—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates by moving refractors, filters or transparent cover plates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
- B62J6/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices on cycles; Mounting or supporting thereof; Circuits therefor
- B62J6/02—Headlights
- B62J6/022—Headlights specially adapted for motorcycles or the like
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S41/143—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S41/151—Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S41/24—Light guides
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
- G02B19/0009—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed having refractive surfaces only
- G02B19/0014—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed having refractive surfaces only at least one surface having optical power
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
- G02B19/0047—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source
- G02B19/0061—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source the light source comprising a LED
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/02—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
- B60Q1/04—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights
- B60Q1/06—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights adjustable, e.g. remotely-controlled from inside vehicle
- B60Q1/08—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights adjustable, e.g. remotely-controlled from inside vehicle automatically
- B60Q1/12—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights adjustable, e.g. remotely-controlled from inside vehicle automatically due to steering position
- B60Q1/124—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights adjustable, e.g. remotely-controlled from inside vehicle automatically due to steering position by mechanical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q2300/00—Indexing codes for automatically adjustable headlamps or automatically dimmable headlamps
- B60Q2300/10—Indexing codes relating to particular vehicle conditions
- B60Q2300/13—Attitude of the vehicle body
- B60Q2300/136—Roll
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S41/25—Projection lenses
- F21S41/27—Thick lenses
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle headlamp device and a light guide element.
- Light distribution refers to a light intensity distribution with respect to a space of a light source. That is, the spatial distribution of light emitted from the light source.
- Luminosity indicates the intensity of light emitted by a light emitter, and is obtained by dividing a light beam passing through a minute solid angle in a certain direction by the minute solid angle.
- Examples of the predetermined light distribution pattern include a low beam light distribution pattern.
- the “low beam” is a downward beam and is used when passing with an oncoming vehicle, and is also called a headlight for passing. Usually, the low beam illuminates about 40m ahead.
- the “cut-off line” is a light-dark dividing line or boundary line at the upper end of the light distribution pattern. Specifically, it is a light-dark dividing line that can be formed at the upper end of an irradiation area when light from a vehicle headlamp device is irradiated onto a wall or a screen.
- the cut-off line is a term used when adjusting the irradiation direction of the low beam. Further, in the low beam light distribution pattern, in order to illuminate the traveling direction of the vehicle particularly brightly, it is required that the vicinity of the lower side of the cutoff line be brightest.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an automotive headlamp that forms a cut-off line by reflecting light from a light source bulb with a reflecting mirror and irradiating the light forward with a light shielding plate.
- the reflecting mirror and the light shielding plate are large in order to receive the spread light from the light source bulb. Therefore, the driving means for rotating the light source bulb, the reflecting mirror, and the light shielding plate is also increased, and the entire apparatus becomes large.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a small vehicle headlamp device capable of obtaining a desired light distribution pattern.
- a vehicle headlamp device includes a light source that emits light, and a light guide element in which light emitted from the light source enters from an incident surface, guides the incident light, and exits from the exit surface. And an irradiation optical system for irradiating light emitted from the emission surface to the front of the vehicle, and the light guide element extends from the incident surface to the emission surface and guides the incident light.
- a first light guide, and a second light guide that extends from the incident surface to the exit surface in contact with the first light guide and guides the incident light.
- the first light guide section and the second light guide section have different refractive indexes, and the light guide element has a part of the light incident on the first light guide section as the second light guide section. It is configured to be incident on the light guide unit.
- the vehicle headlamp device includes a light source that emits light, and a light that is emitted from the light incident surface from the incident surface, guides the incident light, and is emitted from the emergent surface.
- An optical element and an irradiation optical system for irradiating light emitted from the emission surface to the front of the vehicle, and the light guide element extends from the incident surface to the emission surface and guides the incident light.
- a first light guide that emits light, a second light guide that contacts the first light guide through the reflective layer, extends from the incident surface to the exit surface, and guides the incident light.
- the reflective layer has reflective surfaces on both sides of the first light guide unit side and the second light guide unit side.
- the light guide element according to the present invention is a light guide element in which light emitted from a light source enters from an incident surface, guides the incident light, and exits from the exit surface.
- a first light guide that extends to the exit surface and guides the incident light; and extends from the entrance surface to the exit surface in contact with the first light guide;
- a second light guide part that guides light, wherein the first light guide part and the second light guide part have different refractive indexes, and the light guide element includes the first light guide part.
- a part of the light incident on the light guide is configured to be able to enter the second light guide.
- the light guide element according to the present invention is a light guide element in which light emitted from a light source enters from an incident surface, guides the incident light, and exits from the exit surface.
- a second light guide part that guides the incident light, and the reflective layer has reflective surfaces on both sides of the first light guide part side and the second light guide part side.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a light guide element according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an optical path in the light guide element according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. (A)-(d) is a figure which shows the optical path in the light guide element which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a light emitting region on an emission surface of the light guide element according to Embodiment 1.
- A)-(c) is a figure which shows the relationship between the entrance plane of the light guide element which concerns on Embodiment 1, and the incident region of light.
- FIG. (A) And (b) is explanatory drawing of an effect
- FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the irradiation area
- FIG. (A) And (b) is a figure which shows the change of the irradiation area
- FIG. (A) And (b) is a figure which shows an example of the simulation result of the luminous intensity distribution of the output surface of the light guide element which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. (A) And (b) is a figure which shows an example of the simulation result of the illumination intensity distribution of the irradiation surface of the vehicle headlamp apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. (A) And (b) is a figure which shows an example of the simulation result of the illumination intensity distribution of the irradiation surface of the vehicle headlamp apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. (A) And (b) is a figure which shows another example of the simulation result of the luminous intensity distribution of the output surface of the light guide element which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a light guide element according to a modified example of the first embodiment.
- (A) And (b) is a figure which shows an example of the simulation result of the luminous intensity distribution of the output surface of the light guide element which concerns on the modification of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows schematically the structure of the vehicle headlamp apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a light guide element according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a vehicle headlamp device according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a vehicle headlamp apparatus (hereinafter simply referred to as “headlamp apparatus”) 100 according to Embodiment 1.
- the headlamp device 100 is mounted on a vehicle and illuminates the front of the vehicle. In this example, it is assumed that the headlamp device 100 is mounted on a motorcycle.
- the headlamp device 100 is configured to form at least a low beam light distribution pattern.
- the low beam light distribution pattern has a horizontal cut-off line, and is brightest near the lower side of the cut-off line.
- the headlamp device 100 is also called a headlamp or a headlight.
- the left-right direction of the vehicle is the x-axis direction.
- the right side with respect to the front of the vehicle is the + x direction, and the left side with respect to the front of the vehicle is the ⁇ x direction.
- the vertical direction of the vehicle is the y-axis direction.
- the upper side is the + y direction, and the lower side is the -y direction.
- the upper side is the sky direction, and the lower side is the ground direction.
- the longitudinal direction of the vehicle is the z-axis direction.
- the front is the + z direction and the rear is the -z direction.
- “front” refers to the traveling direction or forward direction of the vehicle
- “rear” refers to the opposite direction.
- the headlight device 100 includes a light source 10, a light guide element 20 that guides light from the light source 10, and an irradiation that irradiates the irradiation surface S in front of the vehicle with light from the light guide element 20.
- An optical system 30 is provided.
- the light source 10 emits light for illuminating the front of the vehicle.
- a discharge lamp a light emitting diode (LED: Light Emitting Diode), an organic electroluminescence element, a laser, or the like can be used.
- LEDs or organic EL elements that emit light in a hemispherical shape, or lenses, etc., if necessary, are substantially parallel. It is preferable to use a laser capable of obtaining light.
- the light guide element 20 can be downsized while suppressing light loss.
- the light guide element 20 is an optical component in which light emitted from the light source 10 enters from the incident surface 21, guides light incident from the incident surface 21, and exits from the output surface 22.
- the light guide element 20 guides the light incident from the incident surface 21 while reflecting the light internally and emits the light from the output surface 22.
- the light guide element 20 includes an incident surface 21, an exit surface 22, and a side surface 23 that extends between the incident surface 21 and the exit surface 22.
- the light guide element 20 guides the light incident from the incident surface 21 while reflecting the light from the side surface 23, and emits the light from the output surface 22.
- the entrance surface 21, the exit surface 22, and the side surface 23 define a light guide region 24 that propagates light incident on the entrance surface 21.
- the incident surface 21 is a surface on which light emitted from the light source 10 is incident.
- the incident surface 21 is also referred to as a “light incident surface”.
- the emission surface 22 is a surface from which light propagated through the light guide region 24 is emitted.
- the exit surface 22 is also referred to as a “light exit surface”.
- the side surface 23 is a reflecting surface that reflects light incident from the incident surface 21.
- the side surface 23 is a surface that connects the entrance surface 21 and the exit surface 22. Light incident on the incident surface 21 from the light source 10 propagates through the light guide element 20 (that is, the light guide region 24) while being reflected by the side surface 23, and is emitted from the emission surface 22.
- “Propagation” means to propagate and spread, and here means that light travels through the light guide element 20.
- the light guide element 20 is formed of an optical material such as glass or plastic.
- the light guide element 20 is disposed in the air, and the side surface 23 is an interface between the optical material and air, and totally reflects the light in the light guide element 20.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the light guide element 20.
- the light guide element 20 includes a first light guide unit 1 and a second light guide unit 2.
- the first light guide unit 1 extends from the incident surface 21 to the output surface 22 and guides light incident on the incident surface 21.
- the second light guide unit 2 is in contact with the first light guide unit 1 and extends from the incident surface 21 to the output surface 22 and guides light incident on the incident surface 21.
- the first light guide 1 and the second light guide 2 are in contact with each other at the boundary surface A.
- the first light guide 1 and the second light guide 2 have different refractive indexes.
- the second light guide 2 has a refractive index larger than the refractive index of the first light guide 1.
- both the 1st light guide part 1 and the 2nd light guide part 2 have a refractive index larger than the refractive index of air.
- the light guide element 20 is configured such that a part of the light incident on the first light guide unit 1 can enter the second light guide unit 2.
- the first light guide 1 includes a first incident surface 1a on which light from the light source 10 is incident, a first emission surface 1b from which light is emitted, a first incident surface 1a, and a first emission surface 1b. And a first side surface 1c extending therebetween.
- the first incident surface 1a faces the light source 10, and the first emission surface 1b faces the first incident surface 1a.
- the second light guide 2 includes a second incident surface 2a on which light from the light source 10 is incident, a second emission surface 2b from which light is emitted, a second incident surface 2a, and a second emission surface 2b. And a second side surface 2c extending therebetween.
- the second entrance surface 2a faces the light source 10, and the second exit surface 2b faces the second entrance surface 2a.
- the first incident surface 1 a and the second incident surface 2 a constitute an incident surface 21.
- the first emission surface 1 b and the second emission surface 2 b constitute an emission surface 22.
- the first side surface 1 c and the second side surface 2 c constitute a side surface 23.
- the second emission surface 2b has a straight side B on the opposite side of the first emission surface 1b. This side B is a side for forming a low beam cut-off line.
- the light guide element 20 has a solid column shape.
- the light guide element 20 has a quadrangular prism shape.
- the entrance surface 21 and the exit surface 22 have the same rectangular shape.
- the entrance surface 21 and the exit surface 22 are planes perpendicular to the z axis.
- the side surface 23 has an upper surface, a lower surface, a right surface, and a left surface located on the + y side, the ⁇ y side, the + x side, and the ⁇ x side, respectively.
- the upper surface and the lower surface have the same rectangular shape.
- the upper surface and the lower surface are planes perpendicular to the y axis.
- the right surface and the left surface have the same rectangular shape.
- the right surface and the left surface are planes perpendicular to the x axis.
- the boundary surface A has the same rectangular shape as the upper surface and the lower surface, and is a plane perpendicular to the y axis.
- the boundary surface A is located at the center of the light guide element 20 in the y-axis direction.
- the first light guide 1 and the second light guide 2 have the same quadrangular prism shape.
- the first incident surface 1a and the second incident surface 2a have the same rectangular shape.
- the first emission surface 1b and the second emission surface 2b have the same rectangular shape.
- FIG. 3 shows an optical path L2 of light incident on the second incident surface 2a. Since the refractive index of the second light guide 2 is higher than the refractive index of the first light guide 1, the boundary surface A is totally reflected with respect to the light traveling inside the second light guide 2. Acts as a surface. The light incident on the second incident surface 2a is totally reflected by the second side surface 2c and the boundary surface A, which are the interface between the second light guide unit 2 and air, and is reflected inside the second light guide unit 2. Propagate and exit from the second exit surface 2b. In addition to the optical path L2 in FIG.
- FIGS. 4A to 4D show optical paths L1a to L1d of light incident on the first incident surface 1a, respectively. Since the refractive index of the first light guide unit 1 is lower than the refractive index of the second light guide unit 2, the boundary surface A is not completely exposed to the light traveling inside the first light guide unit 1. Does not act as a reflective surface.
- the light incident on the first incident surface 1a is a first side surface 1c that is an interface between the first light guide 1 and air, and a second side surface that is an interface between the second light guide 2 and air.
- the light propagates through the first and second light guides 1 and 2 while being totally reflected by 2c.
- the operation of the first and second emission surfaces 1b and 2b varies depending on the incident angle of light on each surface.
- FIG. 4A shows a case where light incident on the first incident surface 1a at the incident angle u1 propagates through the first and second light guides 1 and 2 and enters the first output surface 1b. Show.
- the light incident on the first exit surface 1b exits from the first exit surface 1b at an exit angle v1 that is the same as the incident angle u1 on the first entrance surface 1a. Since this light is emitted from the first emission surface 1b, it contributes to the luminous intensity of the first emission surface 1b.
- the light incident on the first incident surface 1a at the incident angle u3 propagates through the first and second light guides 1 and 2 and is reflected from the total reflection angle on the second emission surface 2b. Shows a case where the incident light is incident at a large incident angle z2.
- the light incident on the second exit surface 2b is totally reflected by the second exit surface 2b and returns to the entrance surface side, and has the same magnitude as the incident angle u3 from the first entrance surface 1a. Is emitted at an emission angle v3. Since this light is emitted from the first incident surface 1a, it does not contribute to the luminous intensity of the first emission surface 1b.
- FIG. 4 (d) light incident on the first incident surface 1a at an incident angle u4 propagates through the first and second light guides 1 and 2 and is reflected from the total reflection angle on the second output surface 2b. Shows a case where the incident light is incident at a large incident angle z3.
- the light incident on the second exit surface 2b is totally reflected by the second exit surface 2b and returns to the entrance surface side, and is totally reflected again by the second entrance surface 2a. Propagates to the side and enters the first exit surface 1b.
- the light incident on the first exit surface 1b exits from the first exit surface 1b at an exit angle v4 having the same magnitude as the incident angle u4 on the first entrance surface 1a.
- this light Since this light is emitted from the first emission surface 1b, it contributes to the luminous intensity of the first emission surface 1b. However, in the case where there is internal absorption in the light guide portion, the optical loss is increased due to the internal absorption in the light guide portion as the optical path length becomes longer as compared with the case of FIG. The contribution of the exit surface 1b to the luminous intensity is reduced.
- the path of light propagating through the light guide element 20 is roughly divided into the patterns described above.
- the optical path length and the total number of total reflections of the light propagating through the first and second light guides 1 and 2 are the sizes of the first and second incident surfaces 1a and 2a, and the first and second emission surfaces. It differs depending on the size of 1b and 2b and the length of the light guide element 20 in the z-axis direction.
- the boundary surface A is in contrast to the light in the second light guide unit 2. While acting as a total reflection surface, it does not act as a total reflection surface for the light in the first light guide section 1. Thereby, most of the light incident on the second incident surface 2a is emitted from the second emitting surface 2b, whereas the light incident on the first incident surface 1a is emitted from the first emitting surface 1b. And the light emitted from the second exit surface 2b and the light emitted from the first entrance surface 1a.
- the ratio of the light which contributes to the luminous intensity of the 1st output surface 1b among the light which injected into the 1st entrance surface 1a is the 2nd exit surface 2b of the light which injected into the 2nd entrance surface 2a. It becomes smaller than the ratio of the light which contributes to luminous intensity. Therefore, by making the refractive index different between the first light guide portion 1 and the second light guide portion 2, the light intensity can be made different between the first light exit surface 1b and the second light exit surface 2b.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram conceptually showing the luminous intensity distribution on the exit surface 22.
- a first light emitting region 51 is formed on the first emission surface 1b corresponding to the first light guide portion 1 in the emission surface 22 with the boundary surface A as a boundary.
- a second light emitting region 52 is formed on the second light exit surface 2 b corresponding to the second light guide portion 2.
- a linear bright and dark boundary line 53 is formed by the side B of the second emission surface 2b.
- the luminous intensity distribution in each light emitting region is determined by the intensity distribution of light incident on each light guide, the dimensions of each light guide, and the like.
- the intensity distribution of light incident on each light guide unit is a relationship between the incident position and incident angle on the incident surface of each light guide unit and the intensity of incident light. The greater the length of the first light guide 1 and the second light guide 2 in the z-axis direction, the closer the light intensity distribution in each light emitting region becomes.
- the ratio Lu2 / Lu1 of the light intensity Lu2 of the second light-emitting region 52 to the light intensity Lu1 of the first light-emitting region 51 is a ratio of the light amount incident on the first incident surface 1a and the light amount incident on the second incident surface 2a. Can be changed by changing.
- FIG. 6A to 6C show the relationship between the first incident surface 1a and the second incident surface 2a and the incident region 61 of light from the light source 10.
- the incident area 61 is arranged so that the same amount of light is incident on the first incident surface 1a and the second incident surface 2a.
- the light source 10 is disposed at the same position as the boundary surface A in the y-axis direction.
- the luminous intensity of the second light emitting region 52 is higher than the luminous intensity of the first light emitting region 51 for the reason described above. That is, (Lu2 / Lu1)> 1.
- the incident region 61 is arranged so that the light incident on the second incident surface 2a is larger than the light incident on the first incident surface 1a.
- the light source 10 is arranged so as to be shifted from the boundary surface A toward the second incident surface 2a ( ⁇ y direction) in the y-axis direction.
- the ratio Lu2 / Lu1 of the luminous intensity Lu2 of the second light emitting region 52 to the luminous intensity Lu1 of the first light emitting region 51 is larger than that in FIG.
- the incident region 61 is arranged so that the light incident on the first incident surface 1a is larger than the light incident on the second incident surface 2a.
- the light source 10 is arranged so as to be shifted from the boundary surface A toward the first incident surface 1a (+ y direction) in the y-axis direction.
- the ratio Lu2 / Lu1 of the light intensity Lu2 of the second light emitting region 52 to the light intensity Lu1 of the first light emitting region 51 is smaller than that in FIG.
- the light guide element 20 guides the light from the light source 10, so that light emitting areas having different luminosity or brightness can be formed on the emission surface 22.
- a first light emitting region 51 and a second light emitting region 52 brighter than the first light emitting region 51 are formed on the emission surface 22.
- the irradiation optical system 30 irradiates light emitted from the emission surface 22 of the light guide element 20 in front of the vehicle.
- “Irradiation” refers to the application of light and can also be referred to as “projection” or “projection”.
- the irradiation optical system 30 projects an image on the emission surface 22 in an enlarged manner on the irradiation surface S in front of the vehicle.
- the irradiation optical system 30 has a positive power as a whole.
- the irradiation optical system 30 can be configured by, for example, one or two or more lenses, one or two or more mirrors, or a combination thereof. However, since the light use efficiency decreases as the number of lenses increases, it is desirable that the irradiation optical system 30 be composed of one or two lenses.
- the lens is made of a refracting material having transparency, such as a transparent plastic.
- the irradiation surface S is set at a predetermined position in front of the vehicle.
- the predetermined position in front of the vehicle is a position at which the light intensity or illuminance of the vehicle headlamp is measured, and is defined by road traffic rules and the like.
- the measurement position of the luminous intensity of an automotive headlamp determined by UNECE is a position 25 m from the light source.
- the measurement position of luminous intensity determined by the Japan Industrial Standards Committee (JIS) is 10 m from the light source.
- “Illuminance” is a value indicating the luminous flux received per unit time by the unit area of the surface illuminated by the illumination.
- FIG. 7 (a) and 7 (b) are diagrams showing the operation of the irradiation optical system 30.
- FIG. 7A an inverted image of the emission surface 22 is formed on the irradiation surface S by the irradiation optical system 30. Therefore, the illuminance distribution on the irradiation surface S is a distribution corresponding to the luminous intensity distribution on the emission surface 22. Further, in order to make the illuminance step caused by the boundary surface A inconspicuous on the irradiation surface S, the irradiation optical system 30 may be configured so that the imaging spot near the boundary surface A becomes large as a whole. . In FIG.
- the light emitted from one point on the emission surface 22 is substantially collimated (ie, substantially collimated) by the irradiation optical system 30.
- a change in the illuminance distribution on the irradiation surface S due to a change in the distance to the irradiation surface S can be suppressed.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of the illuminance distribution in the irradiation area 81 on the irradiation surface S in a contour display.
- “Contour display” is to display a contour map.
- a “contour map” is a diagram in which dots having the same value are connected by a line.
- the irradiation area 81 is an area irradiated with light from the irradiation optical system 30 in the irradiation surface S.
- the shape of the irradiation region 81 is substantially similar to the shape of the emission surface 22 of the light guide element 20.
- a plurality of solid lines in the irradiation region 81 indicate contour lines indicating the same light intensity.
- a linear cut-off line 82 is formed at the upper end of the irradiation area 81 in correspondence with the linear bright / dark boundary line 53 in FIG.
- the luminous intensity of the second light emitting area 52 is higher than the luminous intensity of the first light emitting area 51
- a high illuminance region 83 having higher illuminance is formed.
- FIGS. 9A and 9B show a change in the irradiation region 81 on the irradiation surface S accompanying the rotation of the light guide element 20.
- FIG. 9A shows the positions of the light guide element 20 before and after rotation.
- the x1 axis is parallel to the horizontal direction
- the y1 axis is parallel to the vertical direction
- the origin O1 faces the boundary surface A of the light guide element 20 on the ⁇ y side surface (that is, the lower surface). 2 at the midpoint on the line of intersection with the incident surface 2a.
- the light guide element 20 is rotatable around a rotation axis parallel to the z axis passing through the origin O1.
- a broken line shows the light guide element 20 before rotation
- a solid line shows the light guide element 20 after rotation.
- the light guide element 20 is rotated clockwise by an angle ⁇ in the drawing.
- FIG. 9B shows the position of the irradiation region 81 corresponding to the light guide element 20 before and after rotation.
- the x2 axis is parallel to the horizontal direction
- the y2 axis is parallel to the vertical direction
- the origin O2 is a point conjugate to the origin O1 with respect to the irradiation optical system 30.
- a broken line indicates the irradiation region 81 corresponding to the light guide element 20 before rotation
- a solid line indicates the irradiation region 81 corresponding to the light guide element 20 after rotation.
- the irradiation area 81 is rotated clockwise by an angle ⁇ in the drawing. That is, the irradiation region 81 is rotated by the same rotation angle in the same rotation direction as the light guide element 20.
- the light guide element 20 when the motorcycle body is horizontal and the rotation position of the light guide element 20 relative to the vehicle body is in the initial position, the light guide element 20 is at the position indicated by the broken line in FIG. 9 (b) is formed at the position indicated by the broken line, and the cut-off line 82 coincides with the x2 axis and becomes horizontal.
- the irradiation region 81 When the light guide element 20 rotates relative to the vehicle body by an angle ⁇ from the initial position and moves to the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 9A, the irradiation region 81 also rotates by the same angle ⁇ in the same direction as the light guide element 20. To the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. Thus, the irradiation region 81 can be rotated by rotating the light guide element 20 with respect to the vehicle body.
- the headlamp device 100 is tilted together with the vehicle body. For this reason, the area
- visual_axis faces may not be illuminated satisfactorily.
- the area in the traveling direction is, for example, a corner area when traveling in a corner.
- FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the irradiation region 81 and the road 101 when the vehicle body on which the headlight device 100 is mounted is tilted.
- FIG. 10 there is a center line 104 between the left end 102 and the right end 103 of the road 101, and the motorcycle travels between the center line 104 and the right end 103.
- motorcycles run in a clockwise corner with the vehicle body tilted to the right.
- the entire headlamp device 100 including the light guide element 20 also rotates clockwise. Rotate clockwise.
- the irradiation region 81 at this time is indicated by a broken line.
- the area 105 in the traveling direction cannot be appropriately illuminated.
- the irradiation region 81 is rotated by the same angle in the direction opposite to the rotation of the vehicle body.
- the rotation can be offset and the area 105 in the traveling direction can be appropriately illuminated.
- the irradiation area 81 after the light guide element 20 is rotated is indicated by a solid line.
- the traveling direction can be appropriately illuminated even when the motorcycle body rotates.
- the rotation of the light guide element 20 can be realized by a drive unit that rotates the light guide element 20.
- An example of this drive unit is shown in a third embodiment later.
- FIGS. 11A and 11B show an example of the simulation result of the luminous intensity distribution of the light exit surface 22 of the light guide element 20 by gradation display and contour display, respectively.
- the magnitude of the luminous intensity is expressed in light and dark gradations, and the luminance is expressed brighter as the luminous intensity increases.
- each contour line indicates a light intensity level higher than zero.
- the innermost contour line CL1 indicates the highest level
- the outer contour line indicates a lower level as it goes away
- the outermost contour line CL0 indicates the lowest level.
- the luminous intensity of the region outside the contour line CL0 is less than the level of the contour line CL0 and is substantially zero.
- the conditions for the simulations in FIGS. 11A and 11B are as follows.
- the 1st light guide part 1 and the 2nd light guide part 2 are comprised with the optical material from which a refractive index differs, respectively.
- the refractive index of the first light guide 1 is 1.5168
- the refractive index of the second light guide is 1.80518.
- the light source 10 and the incident region 61 are arranged so that the same amount of light is incident on the first incident surface 1a and the second incident surface 2a, respectively.
- FIGS. 12A and 12B show an example of the simulation result of the illuminance distribution on the irradiated surface S in gradation display and contour display, respectively.
- the intensity of illuminance is expressed in light and dark gradations, and is expressed brighter as the illuminance increases.
- each contour line indicates an illuminance level higher than zero.
- the innermost contour line CL1 indicates the highest level
- the outer contour line indicates a lower level as it goes away
- the outermost contour line CL0 indicates the lowest level.
- the illuminance in the region outside the contour line CL0 is less than the level of the contour line CL0 and is substantially zero. The same applies to FIG.
- FIGS. 12A and 12B show the illuminance distribution on the irradiation surface S in the case where the emission surface 22 of the light guide element 20 has the luminous intensity distribution shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B. Since an inverted image of the emission surface 22 is formed on the irradiation surface S by the irradiation optical system 30, an illuminance distribution similar to the luminous intensity distribution obtained by inverting the luminous intensity distribution of the emission surface 22 is formed on the irradiation surface S. The illuminance is higher in the upper part (+ y side) than in the lower part ( ⁇ y side) of the irradiation region 81.
- a clear cut-off line is formed on the upper side of the irradiation region 81, and the illuminance is highest near the lower side of the cut-off line.
- the driver's front direction can be illuminated particularly brightly, and a clear cut-off line can be formed on the upper side of the irradiation region 81.
- FIGS. 13A and 13B show the illuminance distribution on the irradiation surface S when only the light guide element 20 is rotated about the z axis by 30 ° from the state of FIGS. 12A and 12B. Shown in gradation display and contour display, respectively.
- the irradiation region 81 rotates with the rotation of the light guide element 20.
- the shape of the irradiation region 81 and the tendency of the illuminance distribution are the same as those shown in FIGS. From this, it can be seen that even when the motorcycle body rotates, by rotating only the light guide element 20, the rotation of the irradiation region 81 due to the rotation of the vehicle body can be offset and the traveling direction of the vehicle can be appropriately illuminated.
- FIGS. 14A and 14B show another example of the simulation result of the luminous intensity distribution of the light exit surface 22 of the light guide element 20 by gradation display and contour display, respectively.
- the refractive index of the second light guide 2 is 1.60311. That is, the refractive index of the second light guide portion 2 was made smaller than those in FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b). The other conditions are the same as those in FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b). It can be seen that the intensity of the second light emitting region 52 on the -y side is higher than that of the first light emitting region 51 on the + y side. However, in FIG.
- the difference in brightness between the first light emitting region 51 and the second light emitting region 52 is smaller than in the case of FIG. It can be seen that the difference in luminous intensity between the light emitting region 52 and the second light emitting region 52 is smaller than in the case of FIG. In FIG. 14 (b), the level difference between the contour line CL1 and the contour lines outside thereof is smaller than in the case of FIG. 11 (b).
- the light emitting region 52 corresponding to the second light guide unit 2 having a high refractive index has a higher luminous intensity than the light emitting region 51 corresponding to the first light guide unit 1 having a low refractive index.
- the greater the difference in refractive index between the light guide 1 and the second light guide 2 the greater the difference in luminous intensity.
- a desired luminous intensity distribution can be obtained on the emission surface 22 by appropriately setting the refractive indexes of the first and second light guides 1 and 2.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a light guide element 130 according to a modification of the first embodiment.
- the first light guide 1 has a first incident surface 1a facing the light source 10 and a first emission surface 1b facing the first incident surface 1a.
- the second light guide 2 includes sub light guides 131, 132, and 133.
- Each of the sub light guides 131, 132, 133 has incident surfaces 131a, 132a, 133a facing the light source 10, and emission surfaces 131b, 132b, 133b facing the incident surfaces 131a, 132a, 133a.
- the incident surfaces 131a, 132a, and 133a constitute the second incident surface 2a
- the emission surfaces 131b, 132b, and 133b constitute the second emission surface 2b
- the sub light guide portion 131 and the sub light guide portion 132 are in contact with each other at the boundary surface A1
- the sub light guide portion 132 and the sub light guide portion 133 are in contact with each other at the boundary surface A2.
- the sub light guides 131, 132, and 133 are all in contact with the first light guide 1 at the boundary surface A.
- the cross sections of the first incident surface 1a, the first emission surface 1b, and the first light guide 1 in the xy plane have a trapezoidal shape.
- the simulation conditions are as follows.
- the 1st light guide part 1 and the sub light guide parts 131, 132, and 133 are glass rods, respectively.
- the refractive index of the first light guide 1 is 1.5168
- the refractive index of the sub light guides 131 and 133 is 1.83400
- the refractive index of the sub light guide 132 is 1.84666.
- the arrangement of the light source 10 is the same as that in FIG.
- the luminous intensity of the sub light-emitting region 142 corresponding to the emission surface 132b of the sub light guide part 132 is the highest, and then the emission surfaces 131b and 133b of the sub light guide parts 131 and 133 are observed.
- the luminous intensity of the sub light emitting areas 141 and 143 corresponding to is high, and the luminous intensity of the first light emitting area 144 corresponding to the first emission surface 1b of the first light guide 1 is the lowest.
- the light guide part having a higher refractive index has a higher luminous intensity on its exit surface. According to this configuration, the front direction of the driver can be illuminated more brightly. Moreover, it can prevent that the surrounding unnecessary area
- a desired light distribution pattern can be obtained with a small configuration. Specifically, by using a light guide element that guides the light incident on the incident surface from the light source and emits the light from the output surface, a light-dark boundary line is arranged by the edge of the exit surface of the light guide element. It can be formed into a light pattern.
- the configuration in which the light from the light source is guided by the light guide units having different refractive indexes, light emitting regions having different brightnesses can be formed on the exit surface of the light guide element, and the regions are brighter than other regions. Can be formed into a light distribution pattern.
- a straight clear cut-off line can be formed at the upper end of the light distribution pattern by the straight side B of the second emission surface 2b.
- the second emission surface 2b can be made brighter than the first emission surface 1b.
- the brightest region can be formed near the lower side of the cutoff line.
- the headlamp device can be made smaller than the technique described in Patent Document 1.
- Light utilization efficiency is the light utilization efficiency. That is, it is the ratio of the amount of light that actually illuminates the illumination range to the amount of light emitted by the light source.
- a high illuminance region is formed by providing a plurality of light guide portions on the light guide element, a light distribution pattern with a simple configuration without requiring a complicated optical system for forming the high illuminance region.
- a high illuminance region can be formed.
- the first light guide (or the second light guide) has a refractive index larger than the refractive index of air. For this reason, when arrange
- FIG. FIG. 17 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of the headlamp device 200 according to the second embodiment.
- the headlamp device 200 according to Embodiment 2 will be described.
- description is abbreviate
- the headlamp device 200 irradiates the light source 10, the light guide element 220 that guides the light from the light source 10, and the irradiation surface S in front of the vehicle with the light from the light guide element 220.
- An optical system 30 is provided.
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the light guide element 220.
- the light guide element 220 includes the first light guide part 1 and the second light guide part 2, similarly to the light guide element 20 of FIG. 2.
- the first light guide unit 1 and the second light guide unit 2 are in contact with each other through the reflective layer R.
- the reflective layer R has reflective surfaces on both sides of the first light guide 1 side and the second light guide 2 side. Therefore, the reflective layer R reflects the light in the first light guide 1 and the light in the second light guide 2, respectively.
- the reflective layer R is a mirror layer in which the mirror surface R1 is formed on the first light guide unit 1 side and the mirror surface R2 is formed on the second light guide unit 2 side.
- the 1st light guide part 1 is the air layer 160 which contacted the 2nd light guide part 2 via the reflection layer R, and was enclosed by the reflective surface.
- the periphery of the air layer 160 constituting the first light guide 1 is between the first incident surface 1 a and the first emission surface 1 b, the mirror surface R 1 of the reflective layer R, and the first Are surrounded by mirror surfaces M1, M2, and M3 as side surfaces (that is, reflecting surfaces) 1c.
- mirror members 161, 162, and 163 are arranged on the + y side, + x side, and -x side of the air layer 160, respectively.
- the air layer 160 is surrounded by a structure in which three mirror members 161, 162, and 163 are combined in a U-shape.
- Mirror surfaces M1, M2, and M3 are provided on the surfaces (that is, the inner surfaces) of the mirror members 161, 162, and 163 on the air layer 160 side, respectively. Therefore, the air layer 160 is surrounded on all sides by the mirror surfaces M1, M2, M3, and R1.
- the shape and dimensions of the air layer 160 surrounded by the mirror surface are the same as those of the optical material of the first light guide unit 1 of the first embodiment.
- the second light guide 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and is made of an optical material such as glass or plastic.
- FIG. 19 shows an optical path L11 of light incident on the first incident surface 1a of the light guide element 220 and an optical path L12 of light incident on the second incident surface 2a.
- the first light guide 1 is composed of the air layer 160, the light is not affected by refraction or the like on the first incident surface 1a and the first emission surface 1b.
- the light incident on the first incident surface 1a propagates through the first light guide 1 while being reflected by the mirror surfaces R1, M1, M2, and M3, and is emitted from the first emission surface 1b.
- the light incident on the second incident surface 2a is refracted by the second incident surface 2a, and then reflected by the second side surface 2c and the mirror surface R2, which are the interface between the second light guide 2 and air.
- the first light guide unit 1 and the second light guide unit 2 have the same cross-sectional area and the same amount of incident light, the light intensity is large between the first light exit surface 1b and the second light exit surface 2b. It remains the same without changing.
- the amount of light incident on the first light guide 1 and the amount of light incident on the second light guide 2 the luminous intensity of the first emission surface 1b and the luminous intensity of the second emission surface 2b. Can be different.
- the amount of light incident on each light guide can be adjusted by changing the position of the light source 10.
- the light source 10 is arranged so as to be shifted in the ⁇ y direction with respect to the center of the incident surface 21 in the y axis direction.
- the light intensity of the second light exit surface 2b is greater than the light intensity of the first light exit surface 1b. Get higher.
- 20 (a) and 20 (b) show an example of the simulation result of the luminous intensity distribution on the light exit surface 22 of the light guide element 220 in gradation display and contour display, respectively. It can be seen that the luminous intensity of the second light emitting region 182 corresponding to the second light emitting surface 2b is higher than that of the first light emitting region 181 corresponding to the first light emitting surface 1b. 20 (a) and 20 (b), the driver's front direction can be illuminated particularly brightly, and a clear cut-off line can be formed on the upper side of the irradiated area.
- the irradiation optical system 30 forms an inverted image of the emission surface 22 on the irradiation surface S, and the irradiation area having the same illuminance distribution as the luminous intensity distribution obtained by inverting the luminous intensity distribution of the emission surface 22 is irradiated. Formed on the surface S. Further, as in the first embodiment, the irradiation region can be rotated by rotating only the light guide element 220.
- the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, it is possible to eliminate the light loss that light is emitted from the incident surface, and it is possible to suppress a decrease in illuminance or light utilization efficiency due to the light loss.
- the areas of the first incident surface 1a, the second incident surface 2a, the first emission surface 1b, and the second emission surface 2b are substantially the same.
- the area of each surface may be set as appropriate according to the required illuminance distribution or the like, or may be different.
- the area of the second incident surface 2a may be smaller than the area of the first incident surface 1a.
- the light source 10 and the light incident area 191 are arranged such that the amount of light incident on the first incident surface 1a is the same as the amount of light incident on the second incident surface 2a.
- the luminous intensity ratio Lu2 / Lu1 is larger than in the case of FIG. Note that the luminous intensity ratio Lu2 / Lu1 can be further increased by further shifting the light source 10 in the -y direction.
- each light guide has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, but the shapes of the first light guide 1 and the second light guide 2 may be appropriately changed.
- each of the first light guide 1 and the second light guide 2 may be tapered.
- each light guide has a tapered shape such that the area of the exit surface is larger than the area of the entrance surface.
- Each light guide section has a tapered shape in which the length of the exit surface in the y-axis direction is larger than the length of the entrance surface in the y-axis direction. That is, each light guide has a tapered shape in the y-axis direction.
- each light guide may have a tapered shape in the x-axis direction, or may have a tapered shape in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction. Further, only one of the first light guide unit 1 and the second light guide unit 2 may have a tapered shape.
- the optical path L22 of the light incident on the second incident surface 2a is shown.
- the shape of the exit surfaces 1b and 2b of each light guide is a rectangular shape, but the shape of the exit surfaces 1b and 2b of each light guide is the required irradiation area.
- Each may be appropriately changed according to the shape or the light distribution pattern.
- the shape of the emission surfaces 1b and 2b may be a shape having a curve.
- the shapes of the incident surfaces 1a and 2a of the respective light guides may be appropriately changed.
- the shape does not need to be the same by the incident surface and the output surface, and you may mutually differ.
- one light source is used.
- the number of light sources is not limited to one, and a plurality of light sources having the same or different light distribution characteristics may be used.
- one light source 221 may be disposed facing the first incident surface 1a
- one light source 222 may be disposed facing the second incident surface 2a.
- a condensing optical system 40 that condenses the light from the light source 10 and enters the light guide element 20 or 220 is disposed between the light source 10 and the light guide element 20 or 220.
- the light from the light source 10 can be incident on the light guide element 20 or 220 at a desired divergence angle or luminous flux diameter.
- the “divergence angle” is an angle at which light spreads.
- the “light beam diameter” is the diameter of the light beam at the position of the incident surface 21, and specifically the width at which the light intensity is 1 / e 2 of the peak intensity. e is the base of the natural logarithm.
- the condensing optical system 40 is configured by, for example, a lens that reduces the light divergence angle.
- the light from the light source 10 can be made incident on the light guide element after the divergence angle or the light beam diameter is reduced, and a small light guide element can be used.
- the divergence angle of the LED is large, and the luminous flux emitted from the LED is radiated in a Lambertian distribution.
- the “Lambertian distribution” is a light distribution in the case of complete diffusion. That is, the distribution is such that the luminance of the light emitting surface is constant regardless of the viewing direction.
- Luminance is obtained by calculating the luminous intensity per unit area.
- the refractive index of each light guide is not limited to the above, and can be changed as appropriate.
- the first light guide unit 1 may be changed to an air layer surrounded by a reflecting surface such as a mirror surface.
- the reflective layer R may be eliminated so that the air layer 160 of the first light guide 1 and the optical material of the second light guide 2 are in direct contact with each other.
- the refractive index of the first light guide 1 may be the same as or different from the refractive index of the second light guide 2.
- the mirror surfaces M1, M2, and M3 may be omitted.
- the second light guide 2 may be changed to an air layer surrounded by a reflecting surface such as a mirror surface.
- FIG. FIG. 26 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a headlamp device 300 according to the third embodiment.
- the headlamp apparatus 300 according to Embodiment 3 will be described.
- description is abbreviate
- the headlamp device 300 irradiates the light source 10, the light guide element 20 that guides light from the light source 10, and the irradiation surface S in front of the vehicle with light from the light guide element 20.
- An irradiation optical system 30 is provided.
- the headlamp device 300 further includes a drive unit 310 that rotates the light guide element 20 around the rotation axis Rz along the light emission direction from the light emission surface 22 in accordance with the inclination angle of the vehicle.
- the rotation axis Rz is parallel to the normal direction of the emission surface 22 (that is, the z-axis direction).
- the rotation axis Rz passes through the center of the emission surface 22.
- the rotation axis Rz is not limited to this, and may be an axis parallel to the z axis passing through the origin O1 in FIG. 9A, for example.
- the drive unit 310 includes a rotation mechanism 320 and a control circuit 330.
- the rotation mechanism 320 rotates only the light guide element 20 of the headlamp device 300 around the rotation axis Rz with respect to the vehicle body.
- the rotation mechanism 320 includes a motor 321, a shaft 322, and gears 323 and 324.
- the motor 321 is a stepping motor, for example, but may be a DC motor or the like.
- the shaft 322 is attached to the rotation shaft of the motor 321 so as to coincide with the rotation shaft of the motor 321.
- the shaft 322 is disposed in parallel with the rotation axis Rz.
- the gear 323 is attached to the shaft 322 so that the rotation shaft of the gear 323 and the shaft 322 are aligned.
- the gear 323 is in mesh with the gear 324.
- the gear 324 is attached to the light guide element 20 so as to surround the light guide element 20 with the rotation axis of the gear 324 and the rotation axis Rz aligned.
- the control circuit 330 controls the rotation mechanism 320 based on the vehicle body inclination angle ⁇ to rotate the light guide element 20. Specifically, the control circuit 330 rotates the light guide element 20 by the same angle as the inclination angle ⁇ in the direction opposite to the inclination direction of the vehicle body.
- the control circuit 330 includes a vehicle body inclination detection unit that detects a vehicle body inclination angle ⁇ , and controls the rotation angle and rotation speed of the motor 321 based on the detected inclination angle ⁇ .
- the vehicle body inclination detection unit is, for example, a sensor such as a gyro.
- the structure of the drive part 310 is not limited above, You may change suitably.
- the rotation angle of the light guide element 20 is not limited to the same angle as the inclination angle ⁇ , and may be an angle larger than the inclination angle ⁇ , for example.
- the driving unit 310 may further rotate the irradiation optical system 30 according to the inclination angle ⁇ .
- the light guide element 20 and the irradiation optical system 30 may be rotated integrally.
- the drive unit 310 may be applied to the headlamp device 200 of the second embodiment.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist of the present invention.
- the present invention is not limited to motorcycles, and may be applied to other types of vehicles such as automobiles.
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Abstract
Description
実施の形態1.
図1は、実施の形態1に係る車両用前照灯装置(以下、単に「前照灯装置」と呼ぶ。)100の構成を概略的に示す図である。前照灯装置100は、車両に搭載され、車両の前方を照明する装置である。本例では、前照灯装置100は、自動二輪車に搭載されるものとする。また、前照灯装置100は、少なくともロービームの配光パターンを形成するように構成されている。ロービームの配光パターンは、水平なカットオフラインを有し、カットオフラインの下側近傍が最も明るい。前照灯装置100は、ヘッドランプまたはヘッドライトとも呼ばれる。
図15は、実施の形態1の変形例に係る導光素子130の斜視図である。この変形例では、第1の導光部1は、光源10に面する第1の入射面1aと、第1の入射面1aに対向する第1の出射面1bとを有する。第2の導光部2は、サブ導光部131、132、133を有する。サブ導光部131、132、133は、それぞれ、光源10に面する入射面131a、132a、133aと、入射面131a、132a、133aに対向する出射面131b、132b、133bとを有する。入射面131a、132a、133aは、第2の入射面2aを構成し、出射面131b、132b、133bは、第2の出射面2bを構成する。サブ導光部131とサブ導光部132とは境界面A1で互いに接し、サブ導光部132とサブ導光部133とは境界面A2で互いに接している。サブ導光部131、132、133は、いずれも境界面Aで第1の導光部1と接している。第1の入射面1a、第1の出射面1b、および第1の導光部1のx-y平面における断面は、台形形状を有する。サブ導光部131、132、133および第1の導光部1の屈折率をそれぞれn131、n132、n133、n1とすると、n132>n131=n133>n1である。
(1)本実施の形態に係る前照灯装置によれば、小型の構成で、所望の配光パターンを得ることができる。具体的には、光源から入射面に入射した光を導光して出射面から出射する導光素子を用いることにより、導光素子の出射面の縁部によって、光の明暗の境界線を配光パターンに形成することができる。また、光源からの光を互いに屈折率の異なる導光部で導光する構成により、導光素子の出射面に互いに明るさの異なる発光領域を形成することができ、他の領域よりも明るい領域を配光パターンに形成することができる。より具体的には、第2の出射面2bの直線状の辺Bによって、配光パターンの上端に直線状の明瞭なカットオフラインを形成することができる。また、第2の導光部2の屈折率を第1の導光部1の屈折率よりも高くすることにより、第1の出射面1bよりも第2の出射面2bを明るくすることができ、カットオフラインの下側近傍に最も明るい領域を形成することができる。また、比較的小型の部品である導光素子を用いて配光パターンを形成するので、特許文献1に記載の技術と比較して、前照灯装置を小型にすることができる。このように、本実施の形態によれば、小型の構成で、車両の進行方向を適切に照明する配光パターンを形成することができる。
図17は、実施の形態2に係る前照灯装置200の構成を概略的に示す図である。以下、実施の形態2に係る前照灯装置200について説明する。なお、実施の形態1と同様の部分については説明を省略または簡略化し、実施の形態1と同一または対応する要素については同一の符号を付す。
なお、第2の導光部2は、実施の形態1と同様のものであり、ガラスまたはプラスチック等の光学材料で構成されている。
図26は、実施の形態3に係る前照灯装置300の構成を概略的に示す図である。以下、実施の形態3に係る前照灯装置300について説明する。なお、実施の形態1と同様の部分については説明を省略または簡略化し、実施の形態1と同一または対応する要素については同一の符号を付す。
Claims (10)
- 光を出射する光源と、
前記光源から出射された光が入射面から入射し、前記入射した光を導光して出射面から出射する導光素子と、
前記出射面から出射された光を車両の前方に照射する照射光学系と
を備え、
前記導光素子は、
前記入射面から前記出射面まで延在し、前記入射した光を導光する第1の導光部と、
前記第1の導光部と接して前記入射面から前記出射面まで延在し、前記入射した光を導光する第2の導光部と
を有し、
前記第1の導光部と前記第2の導光部とは、互いに異なる屈折率を有し、
前記導光素子は、前記第1の導光部に入射した光の一部が前記第2の導光部に入射できるように構成されていることを特徴とする車両用前照灯装置。 - 光を出射する光源と、
前記光源から出射された光が入射面から入射し、前記入射した光を導光して出射面から出射する導光素子と、
前記出射面から出射された光を車両の前方に照射する照射光学系と
を備え、
前記導光素子は、
前記入射面から前記出射面まで延在し、前記入射した光を導光する第1の導光部と、
前記第1の導光部と反射層を介して接し、前記入射面から前記出射面まで延在し、前記入射した光を導光する第2の導光部と
を有し、
前記反射層は、前記第1の導光部側および前記第2の導光部側の両側に反射面を有することを特徴とする車両用前照灯装置。 - 前記出射面のうち前記第1の導光部に対応する第1の出射面は、第1の発光領域を形成し、前記出射面のうち前記第2の導光部に対応する第2の出射面は、前記第1の発光領域よりも明るい第2の発光領域を形成することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の車両用前照灯装置。
- 前記第2の出射面は、前記第1の出射面の反対側に直線状の辺を有することを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の車両用前照灯装置。
- 前記第1の導光部および前記第2の導光部のうち少なくとも一方は、空気の屈折率よりも大きい屈折率を有することを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の車両用前照灯装置。
- 前記第1の導光部および前記第2の導光部は、いずれもガラスまたはプラスチックにより形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の車両用前照灯装置。
- 前記第1の導光部および前記第2の導光部のうち一方は、他方の導光部に接するとともに反射面で囲まれた空気層であることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の車両用前照灯装置。
- 前記車両の傾斜角に応じて、前記出射面からの光の出射方向に沿う回転軸周りに前記導光素子を回転させる駆動部を備えることを特徴とする請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の車両用前照灯装置。
- 光源から出射された光が入射面から入射し、前記入射した光を導光して出射面から出射する導光素子であって、
前記入射面から前記出射面まで延在し、前記入射した光を導光する第1の導光部と、
前記第1の導光部と接して前記入射面から前記出射面まで延在し、前記入射した光を導光する第2の導光部と
を有し、
前記第1の導光部と前記第2の導光部とは、互いに異なる屈折率を有し、
前記導光素子は、前記第1の導光部に入射した光の一部が前記第2の導光部に入射できるように構成されていることを特徴とする導光素子。 - 光源から出射された光が入射面から入射し、前記入射した光を導光して出射面から出射する導光素子であって、
前記入射面から前記出射面まで延在し、前記入射した光を導光する第1の導光部と、
前記第1の導光部と反射層を介して接し、前記入射面から前記出射面まで延在し、前記入射した光を導光する第2の導光部と
を有し、
前記反射層は、前記第1の導光部側および前記第2の導光部側の両側に反射面を有することを特徴とする導光素子。
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