WO2014203311A1 - 空調システム制御装置及び空調システム制御方法 - Google Patents
空調システム制御装置及び空調システム制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014203311A1 WO2014203311A1 PCT/JP2013/066612 JP2013066612W WO2014203311A1 WO 2014203311 A1 WO2014203311 A1 WO 2014203311A1 JP 2013066612 W JP2013066612 W JP 2013066612W WO 2014203311 A1 WO2014203311 A1 WO 2014203311A1
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- air conditioner
- air
- heat load
- conditioning system
- air conditioning
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/46—Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/56—Remote control
- F24F11/57—Remote control using telephone networks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/56—Remote control
- F24F11/58—Remote control using Internet communication
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B15/00—Systems controlled by a computer
- G05B15/02—Systems controlled by a computer electric
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/56—Remote control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/61—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication using timers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/20—Humidity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
- F24F2110/65—Concentration of specific substances or contaminants
- F24F2110/70—Carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2120/00—Control inputs relating to users or occupants
- F24F2120/20—Feedback from users
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
- F24F2140/50—Load
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
- F24F2140/60—Energy consumption
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an air conditioning system control device and an air conditioning system control method.
- a central-type air conditioning system is adopted for medium-sized buildings and above.
- the central type air conditioning system prepares cold water or hot water at one place, and circulates the prepared cold water or hot water to each room provided in the building.
- Multi-air conditioner air conditioning systems for buildings are equipped with indoor units for each air conditioning zone assigned as the air-conditioning target space, and by connecting the multiple indoor units to one outdoor unit, individually distributed packaged air conditioning I will provide a.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for supplying necessary capacity without excess or deficiency in accordance with a calculated thermal load.
- an air conditioning system control device that controls an air conditioning system is required to increase the operating efficiency of the air conditioner in view of performing an energy saving operation.
- Patent Document 2 prepares the performance characteristics of each heat source unit on the premise that there are a plurality of heat source units, and according to the heat load, A technique for creating an optimum operation pattern of a plurality of heat source machines is disclosed.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a technique for stopping an air conditioner when there is a thermal load that reduces the operating efficiency of the air conditioner.
- the conventional air conditioning system control device as disclosed in Patent Document 1 supplies necessary capacity to the air conditioning target space without excess or deficiency according to the heat load, so that the room temperature is kept constant. However, the operating efficiency of the air conditioner is not considered. Therefore, the conventional air conditioning system control device as disclosed in Patent Document 1 cannot increase the operating efficiency of the air conditioner.
- a conventional air conditioning system control device as disclosed in Patent Document 2 can create an operation pattern that takes into account the operating efficiency of the air conditioner.
- the conventional air conditioning system control device disclosed in Patent Document 2 cannot adjust the heat load. Therefore, the conventional air conditioning system control device as disclosed in Patent Literature 2 cannot increase the operating efficiency of the air conditioner depending on the heat load while the air conditioner is operating.
- the conventional air conditioning system control apparatus as disclosed in Patent Document 3 controls various devices in consideration of the operating efficiency of the air conditioner, the air conditioner is stopped according to a predetermined condition. . Therefore, the conventional air conditioning system control device as disclosed in Patent Document 3 cannot change the indoor temperature to a predetermined range because the indoor temperature frequently changes.
- the conventional air-conditioning system control device as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 controls the air-conditioning while suppressing the fluctuation of the indoor temperature to a predetermined range while the air-conditioner is in operation. There was a problem that the operating efficiency of the machine could not be increased.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and while operating the air conditioner, it is possible to increase the operating efficiency of the air conditioner while suppressing the fluctuation of the indoor temperature to a predetermined range. It is an object of the present invention to provide an air conditioning system control device and an air conditioning system control method that can be used.
- An air-conditioning system control apparatus is an air-conditioning system control apparatus that controls one or more air conditioners installed in a building, and acquires operation data of the one or more air-conditioners.
- a data acquisition unit a predicted thermal load acquisition unit that acquires a predicted thermal load in the building, and a preset constraint condition, a preset evaluation index is preset in a preset control target period
- An air conditioner control command determining unit that determines an air conditioner control command so as to satisfy the condition, and the air conditioner control command determining unit includes the control target period with one or a plurality of preset division widths.
- a time section divided into a plurality of times is set, and an indoor temperature change allowable range in which the room temperature included in the operation data satisfies the constraint condition is obtained, and the room temperature included in the operation data and the room temperature Based on the further allowable range, the predicted heat load, the heat load to be processed by the one air conditioner or the heat load to be processed by each of the plurality of air conditioners, a heat load change allowable range is obtained, As the air conditioner control command, for each time section, based on the heat load change allowable range and the operation efficiency of the one air conditioner or the operation efficiency of each of the plurality of air conditioners, the one or The operating frequency and start / stop of a plurality of air conditioners are determined.
- the present invention controls the air conditioner with the optimum control command obtained from the heat load change allowable range determined based on the room temperature change allowable range and the operating efficiency of the air conditioner for each time section. Therefore, this invention can improve the operating efficiency of an air conditioner, suppressing the fluctuation
- step of describing the program for performing the operation of the embodiment of the present invention is a process performed in time series in the order described, but it is not always necessary to process in time series.
- the processing executed may be included.
- each block diagram described in this embodiment may be considered as a hardware block diagram or a software functional block diagram.
- each block diagram may be realized by hardware such as a circuit device, or may be realized by software executed on an arithmetic device such as a processor (not shown).
- each block in the block diagram described in the present embodiment only needs to perform its function, and the configuration may not be separated by each block.
- items that are not particularly described are the same as those in the first and second embodiments, and the same functions and configurations are described using the same reference numerals.
- each of Embodiments 1 and 2 may be implemented independently or in combination. In either case, the advantageous effects described below can be obtained.
- various specific setting examples described in this embodiment are merely examples, and are not particularly limited thereto.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of an air conditioning system 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the air conditioning system 1 includes an air conditioning controller 11 and an air conditioning facility 12.
- the air conditioning controller 11 and the air conditioning equipment 12 are connected via an air conditioning network 13.
- the air conditioning controller 11 controls the air conditioning equipment 12 or monitors the air conditioning equipment 12 by performing various communications with the air conditioning equipment 12.
- FIG. 1 an example in which only one air conditioning controller 11 is provided is described.
- the number of installed air conditioning controllers 11 is not particularly limited thereto.
- a plurality of air conditioning controllers 11 may be installed.
- a plurality of air conditioning controllers 11 may be provided at locations separated from each other.
- the air conditioning controller 11 is generally installed in a management room or the like inside a building, but the installation location of the air conditioning controller 11 is not particularly limited thereto.
- the air conditioner 12 includes an outdoor unit 21a, an indoor unit 21b, a ventilation facility 22, a total heat exchanger 23, a humidifier 24, a dehumidifier 25, a heater 26, an external air conditioner 27, and the like.
- a plurality of such components are installed.
- the component of the air conditioning equipment 12 demonstrated above only shows an example, Comprising: It does not specifically limit to these, All of these do not need to be a component.
- other types of devices that control the indoor air condition may be components. That is, the air conditioning equipment 12 is assumed to be any one or more of the components of the air conditioning equipment 12 described above.
- a plurality of air conditioning facilities 12 including a plurality of components may be provided.
- the outdoor unit 21a and the indoor unit 21b are collectively referred to as an air conditioner 21.
- the air conditioner 21 is one in the example of FIG. 1, the number of the air conditioners 21 is not limited to this. For example, two or more air conditioners 21 may be provided. Further, the number of outdoor units 21a and the number of indoor units 21b are not particularly limited.
- the air conditioning network 13 may be formed, for example, as a communication medium that performs communication based on a communication protocol that is not disclosed to the outside, or is formed as a communication medium that performs communication based on a communication protocol that is disclosed to the outside. May be.
- the air conditioning network 13 may have a configuration in which a plurality of different types of networks are mixed depending on, for example, the type of cable or the communication protocol.
- a dedicated network for measuring and controlling the air conditioning equipment 12 a LAN (Local Area Network), and individual dedicated lines that differ for each component of the air conditioning equipment 12 are assumed as examples.
- the air conditioning controller 11 and the air conditioning equipment 12 may be connected via a device connection controller 14.
- the device connection controller 14 has a function of relaying data communication between the air conditioning controller 11 and the air conditioning equipment 12. For example, among the components of the air conditioner 12, some components of the air conditioner 12 are directly connected to the air conditioning network 13, and other components of the air conditioner 12 are connected to the device connection controller 14. It may be.
- the device connection controller 14 may conceal the difference in the communication protocol between the air conditioning facility 12 and the air conditioning controller 11, or may monitor the communication content between the air conditioning facility 12 and the air conditioning controller 11.
- the air conditioning system 1 may include a sensor 19.
- the sensor 19 is a device that performs sensing such as a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a CO 2 concentration sensor.
- FIG. 1 shows an example in which only one sensor 19 is installed, the number of installed sensors 19 is not particularly limited to this.
- a plurality of sensors 19 may be installed.
- the sensor 19 may include a plurality of devices that perform different types of sensing.
- the sensor 19 may be one in which devices that perform different types of sensing are installed.
- the installation location of the sensor 19 is, for example, a room that is an air-conditioning target space of the air conditioning equipment 12. When sensing the outside air temperature, the amount of solar radiation, and the like, the sensor 19 may be installed outdoors.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating another example of a schematic configuration of the air conditioning system 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the air conditioning system 1 is provided with an air conditioning control computer 15.
- the air conditioning control computer 15 is connected to the air conditioning controller 11 via a general-purpose network 16.
- the air conditioning control computer 15 performs various communications with the air conditioning controller 11 via the general-purpose network 16.
- the general-purpose network 16 is a communication medium compliant with a communication protocol such as a LAN or a telephone line. Therefore, when various communications are performed between the air conditioning control computer 15 and the air conditioning controller 11, various communications may be performed based on the IP address or the like.
- the air conditioning control computer 15 may perform various communications with the sensor 19 or the air conditioning equipment 12 via the air conditioning controller 11 or the device connection controller 14.
- the air conditioning control computer 15 performs various calculations by performing various communications with the air conditioning equipment 12 via the general-purpose network 16.
- the air conditioning control computer 15 may acquire various data by performing various communications with the device connection controller 14 or the sensor 19 via the general-purpose network 16, the air conditioning controller 11, the air conditioning network 13, and the like.
- the air conditioning control computer 15 may be provided in a room or the like that is the air conditioning target space of the air conditioning equipment 12, or installed in a central management center that manages a plurality of buildings within the site or from a remote location. May be.
- each function is implemented in the air conditioning controller 11 and an example in which each function is shared by the air conditioning controller 11 and the air conditioning control computer 15 have been described. Is not particularly limited to these.
- the functions of the air conditioning controller 11 may be distributed and implemented in a plurality of server devices (not shown).
- the function of the air conditioning controller 11 and the function of the air conditioning control computer 15 may be implemented in a logically different form in one server device (not shown). That is, since each function described above may be executed, the physical storage location or the physical execution location is not particularly limited.
- a series of processing may be executed while the functions described above are distributed to a plurality of server devices or the like provided in remote locations, and the operation results are synchronized with each other.
- the function of the air conditioning controller 11 and the function of the air conditioning control computer 15 function as a virtualized device in a logically different form, so that one server device has two functions. May be implemented.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of the air conditioning system control device 41 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 transmits and receives various data and the like with the air conditioner 21.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 receives input information of the air conditioner 21 from the air conditioner 21. Further, for example, the air conditioning system control device 41 transmits a control command to the air conditioner 21.
- FIG. 3 here, a configuration in which a plurality of air conditioners 21 are provided is assumed.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 transmits and receives various data and the like with the plurality of air conditioners 21. Assuming a configuration in which one air conditioner 21 is provided, the air conditioning system control device 41 transmits and receives various data and the like with one air conditioner 21. In short, the number of air conditioners 21 is not particularly limited.
- the air conditioner 21 to be controlled by the air conditioning system control device 41 is, for example, a building multi-air conditioner composed of an outdoor unit 21a and an indoor unit 21b, as described with reference to FIGS. It is not limited to this.
- the air conditioner 21 to be controlled by the air conditioning system control device 41 may be a large heat source machine such as a packaged air conditioner, a room air conditioner, and an absorption refrigerator.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 acquires the air conditioner performance characteristic 51, the building component physical property value 52, and the predicted heat load 53.
- the air conditioner performance characteristic 51 is data relating to the performance characteristic of the air conditioner 21 that is the control target of the air conditioning system control device 41.
- the building component physical property value 52 is various physical property values related to the target building where the air conditioner 21 is installed.
- the predicted heat load 53 is a heat load predicted in the target building where the air conditioner 21 is installed.
- the air-conditioning system control device 41 is an air-conditioner installed in the target building based on the input information from the air-conditioner 21, the air-conditioner performance characteristics 51, the building component property value 52, and the predicted heat load 53.
- the machine 21 is controlled.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 includes a data storage unit 61, a predicted thermal load acquisition unit 62, an air conditioner control command determination unit 63, an air conditioner data acquisition unit 64, and a control command unit 65 as functional configurations.
- the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 includes a thermal load change allowable range prediction unit 71, an optimal thermal load calculation unit 72, an optimal control command calculation unit 73, and the like.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a detailed functional configuration of the air conditioning system control device 41 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a detailed example of input / output data of various functions of the air conditioning system control device 41.
- FIG. 4 also shows a detailed example of the thermal load change allowable range predicting means 71.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a room temperature change allowable range according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the allowable change range of the thermal load in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of performance characteristics of the air conditioner 21 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for intuitively explaining an algorithm for calculating a heat load with high air-conditioner efficiency according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for intuitively explaining a control example of the air conditioning system control device 41 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the data storage unit 61 stores various data acquired via the air conditioner data acquisition unit 64.
- the data storage unit 61 stores various data acquired via the predicted thermal load acquisition unit 62.
- the data storage unit 61 stores air conditioner performance characteristics 51, building component physical property values 52, and the like.
- the data storage unit 61 supplies control command determination input data having various stored data as components to the air conditioner control command determination unit 63.
- the data storage unit 61 stores various calculation results of the air conditioner control command determination unit 63, for example, the optimum control command of the air conditioner 21.
- the data storage unit 61 supplies the stored optimal control command to the control command unit 65.
- the air conditioner performance characteristic 51 includes at least a correlation between power consumption and supply (removal) heat amount of each of the plurality of air conditioners 21.
- the air conditioner performance characteristic 51 may be registered in advance in the data storage unit 61 by a user operation. Moreover, you may obtain
- FIG. The operation data here is, for example, time series values such as the room temperature and the set temperature. In FIG.
- the air conditioner data acquisition unit 64 sets the operation frequency of the compressor of the air conditioner 21, the refrigerant pressure on the inlet side of the compressor of the air conditioner 21, and the outlet side of the compressor of the air conditioner 21.
- the refrigerant temperature obtained from the refrigerant pressure and the pipe temperature may be measured, and the correlation between the supply (removal) heat amount and the power consumption related to the target air conditioner 21 may be obtained using these measurement results.
- the air conditioner data acquisition unit 64 condenses in the operating frequency of the compressor of the air conditioner 21 and the refrigerant circuit having the compressor of the air conditioner 21 as a component. The temperature and the evaporating temperature in the refrigerant circuit having the compressor of the air conditioner 21 as a constituent element are measured, and the correlation between the supply (removal) heat amount and the power consumption related to the target air conditioner 21 using these measurement results. You may ask for.
- the air conditioner data acquisition unit 64 may obtain the corresponding power consumption from the measurement result of a power meter (not shown).
- the air conditioner performance characteristic 51 may be obtained by performing a test before the air conditioner 21 is operated. Various data regarding the air conditioner performance characteristics 51 may be accumulated.
- the building component physical property value 52 is a value representing the heat insulation property of the building and the heat storage property of the building, and is included in, for example, the heat conduction equation represented by the equations (1) to (3) described below. Among the parameters, thermal resistance, heat capacity, and correction coefficient are applicable.
- the heat conduction equations expressed by the equations (1) to (3) represent the heat input and output of the building.
- Equations (1) to (3) Q S is the amount of solar radiation [kW]
- Q OCC is the amount of heat generated by the human body [kW]
- Q EQP is the amount of heat generated by the equipment [kW]
- Q HVAC is the amount of heat supplied by the air conditioner.
- T O is the outside air temperature [K]
- T 1 is the outside wall outside surface temperature [K]
- T 2 is the outside wall indoor surface temperature [K]
- TZ is the room temperature [K]
- T OZ is the adjacent zone.
- R 1 is the outer wall outer surface thermal resistance [K / kW]
- R 2 is the outer wall thermal resistance [K / kW]
- R Z is the outer wall inner surface resistance [K / kW]
- R OZ is between the adjacent zones.
- R 3 is the thermal resistance in addition to the outer wall [K / kW].
- C 1 is the outer wall exterior side heat capacity [kJ / K]
- C 2 is the outer wall indoor heat capacity [kJ / K]
- C Z is the indoor heat capacity [kJ / K].
- ⁇ is the correction factor [ ⁇ ] of the amount of solar radiation that penetrates into the room
- ⁇ is the correction factor [ ⁇ ] of the amount of solar radiation that irradiates the outer wall
- ⁇ is the correction factor [ ⁇ ] of the device calorific value that affects the indoor temperature
- ⁇ is Correction coefficient [ ⁇ ] of the heat supply supplied to the air conditioner
- ⁇ is a correction coefficient [ ⁇ ] of the human body heat generation that affects the room temperature
- ⁇ is a correction coefficient [ ⁇ ] of the human body heat generation that affects the surface temperature inside the outer wall
- ⁇ is a correction coefficient [ ⁇ ] of the device heat generation amount that affects the surface temperature on the outer wall indoor side.
- the adjacent zone is only one zone. However, when it is in contact with a plurality of zones, T OZ and R OZ are set for each corresponding zone. You can change the formula to give it.
- the equations (1) to (3) are equations corresponding to one zone, individual mathematical models may be used in each zone. Moreover, you may derive
- the building component physical property value 52 may be, for example, a value calculated from building data such as building structure data, that is, wall material, wall thickness, wall area, and room size. Good. Also, the building component physical property value 52 may be obtained by applying various measurement data to the transformation of the heat conduction equation represented by the equations (1) to (3) described above.
- the heat conduction equations expressed by equations (1) to (3) are converted into standard forms such as state space models used in control theory and system identification.
- a thermal box, a heat capacity, a correction coefficient, and the like are obtained by using a gray box model based on the converted standard form and various measurement data.
- the obtained heat resistance data group, heat capacity data group, and correction coefficient data group are defined as building component member property values 52.
- the building component physical property value 52 may be registered in the data storage unit 61 in advance by a user operation.
- the building component physical property value 52 may be updated from the outside of the air conditioning system control device 41 as needed.
- the predicted thermal load acquisition unit 62 acquires a predicted thermal load 53 that is a thermal load predicted in the target building where the air conditioner 21 is installed from the outside of the air conditioning system control device 41, and stores the acquired predicted thermal load 53 as data.
- the data is supplied to the storage unit 61.
- the predicted heat load acquisition unit 62 acquires the predicted heat load 53 via a communication medium, but the communication medium is not particularly limited. The communication medium may be wired or wireless, for example.
- the predicted thermal load acquisition unit 62 is supplied with a predicted thermal load acquisition cycle that is a timing for periodically acquiring the predicted thermal load 53. Therefore, the predicted thermal load acquisition unit 62 acquires the predicted thermal load 53 from the outside for each predicted thermal load acquisition cycle.
- the predicted thermal load 53 acquired by the predicted thermal load acquisition unit 62 is a time series value of the amount of heat that the air conditioner 21 should supply (remove) so that the indoor temperature of the air-conditioning target space becomes the set temperature.
- the amount of heat to be supplied is, for example, the amount of heat during heating.
- the amount of heat to be removed is, for example, the amount of heat during cooling. If the expression format unifies the amount of heat to be supplied as a positive amount of heat, the amount of heat to be removed is expressed as a negative amount of heat. On the other hand, if the expression format unifies the amount of heat to be removed as a positive amount of heat, the amount of heat to be supplied is expressed as a negative amount of heat.
- the predicted heat load 53 is a time-series value of the amount of heat to be supplied (removed) by the air conditioner 21 and is therefore expressed as a predicted change in the amount of heat over time.
- the predicted heat load 53 is obtained by a heat load prediction model that models the thermal characteristics of a building, for example, as expressed by the equations (1) to (3) described above.
- the heat load prediction model can be derived from the indoor temperature prediction model defined by the heat conduction equation described above. Note that the heat load prediction model need not be defined based on the heat conduction equation.
- the heat load prediction model is not particularly limited as long as it is a model in which the heat load is predicted from available input data.
- the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 determines a control command for the air conditioner 21. More specifically, the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 maximizes or minimizes a preset evaluation index in a preset control target period under a preset constraint condition, that is, The control command for the air conditioner 21 is determined so that the preset evaluation index satisfies the preset condition. Therefore, the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 includes a thermal load change allowable range prediction unit 71, an optimal thermal load calculation unit 72, and an optimal control command calculation unit 73 in order to execute the function described above. .
- the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 determines the operating frequency of the air conditioner 21 and the start / stop of the air conditioner 21 so as to process the heat load to be processed by shifting the time before and after. Specifically, the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 is set with a time section that is a unit of a division width for dividing the control target period into a plurality of times. The air conditioner control command determination unit 63 processes the heat load to be processed for each time section over the control target period. The air conditioner control command determination unit 63 obtains the room temperature change allowable range based on the constraint condition. The air conditioner control command determination unit 63 obtains a heat load change allowable range based on the indoor temperature change allowable range.
- the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 obtains the air conditioner operation efficiency from the air conditioner performance characteristics 51.
- the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 evaluates the characteristic relationship regarding the air conditioner 21 obtained based on the allowable heat load change range and the air conditioner operation efficiency with the evaluation index, and satisfies the condition where the evaluation index is set in advance.
- the operating frequency of the air conditioner 21 and the start / stop of the air conditioner 21 are determined from the above.
- the control target period defines a period for controlling the air conditioner 21 in an arbitrary period.
- the control target period may be a series of periods such as 8:00 to 22:00.
- the control target period may be a plurality of periods such as 8:00 to 12:00 and 13:00 to 22:00.
- a time section is set in the control target period. For example, if the time section is set to a division width of 5 minutes, six time sections exist between 8:30 and 9:00.
- the time cross section may be 3 minutes or 7.5 minutes.
- the time section need not be a fixed interval such that the time section is 5 minutes at a time until a certain time and the time section is 3 minutes after a certain time.
- the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 determines an optimal control command for each time section. That is, the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 repeats the process of determining the optimal control command for each time section.
- the constraint condition is, for example, that the room temperature is maintained within a preset upper and lower limit setting range.
- the preset upper / lower limit setting range is an allowable fluctuation range of the indoor temperature defined between the preset indoor temperature upper limit set value and the preset indoor temperature lower limit set value.
- the preset indoor temperature upper limit set value and the preset indoor temperature lower limit set value can be set by the user. Therefore, the user can individually set the preset indoor temperature upper limit set value and the preset indoor temperature lower limit set value.
- the preset indoor temperature upper limit set value and preset indoor temperature lower limit set value may be obtained by setting an upper limit value of a difference value between the indoor temperature and the set temperature. For example, it is assumed that the absolute value of the upper limit value of the difference value is set to 1 ° C. and the set temperature is 27 ° C. In such an assumption, the set temperature ⁇ 1 ° C. becomes the preset indoor temperature upper limit set value and the preset indoor temperature lower limit set value, so the preset indoor temperature upper limit set value is set to 28 ° C. The preset indoor temperature lower limit set value is set to 26 ° C.
- the thermal load change allowable range predicting unit 71 obtains the thermal load change allowable range so as to satisfy such a constraint condition.
- the evaluation index is obtained from the air conditioner performance characteristic 51, for example.
- the air conditioner performance characteristic 51 is associated with a power consumption amount corresponding to each of the plurality of air conditioners 21 and a supply (removal) heat amount. Therefore, when the air conditioner 21 is subjected to energy saving control, the air conditioner 21 is controlled so as to minimize the power consumption of the air conditioner 21. Therefore, if the purpose is energy saving control of the air conditioner 21, the power consumption is adopted as the evaluation index.
- index was demonstrated here, it does not specifically limit to this.
- thermal load change allowable range predicting means 71 optimum thermal load calculating means 72
- optimum control command calculating means 73 optimum control command calculating means 73
- the heat load change allowable range predicting means 71 includes the indoor temperature of the air-conditioning target space of the air conditioner 21 acquired via the air conditioner data acquisition unit 64, the indoor temperature upper limit set value and the indoor temperature lower limit set value that are constraint conditions, Based on the predicted thermal load 53 acquired via the predicted thermal load acquisition unit 62 and the building component physical property value 52, a thermal load change allowable range that is a change allowable range of the thermal load to be processed is obtained.
- the thermal load change allowable range prediction unit 71 includes an indoor temperature change allowable range calculation unit 81, a thermal load calculation unit 82, and a thermal load change allowable range calculation unit 83.
- the indoor temperature change allowable range calculation unit 81 obtains the indoor temperature change allowable range from the allowable fluctuation range of the indoor temperature. That is, the room temperature change allowable range is a subset of the constraint conditions. For example, the room temperature change allowable range calculation unit 81 sets the set temperature when the room temperature upper limit set value and the room temperature lower limit set value are set based on the difference value between the set temperature of the air conditioner 21 and the room temperature. And an indoor temperature upper limit set value and an indoor temperature lower limit set value are obtained based on the difference value.
- the set temperature ⁇ 1 ° C. is set as the indoor temperature upper limit set value and the indoor temperature lower limit set value.
- the room temperature change allowable range is set to 26 ° C. to 28 ° C.
- ⁇ t 1 shown in FIG. 5 is + 1 ° C.
- ⁇ t 2 shown in FIG. 5 is ⁇ 1 ° C.
- the indoor temperature upper limit set value is set to the set temperature + 1 ° C.
- the indoor temperature lower limit is set.
- the set value is set to a set temperature of ⁇ 1 ° C.
- the individually set indoor temperature upper limit set value and indoor temperature lower limit set value are set as the room temperature change allowable range. It only has to be done.
- the thermal load calculation unit 82 calculates the thermal resistance data included in the thermal resistance data group of the building component physical property value 52 and the correction coefficient data included in the correction coefficient data group of the building structural member physical property value 52 using the formula (4).
- the thermal load per unit temperature is obtained by applying to the mathematical expression represented by
- Equation (4) means the amount of heat supplied (removed) from the air conditioner 21 necessary for changing the room temperature of the room where the air conditioner 21 is installed by 1K. Therefore, when there are a plurality of rooms, the thermal load calculation unit 82 obtains the thermal load per unit temperature for each room using Equation (4).
- ⁇ Q is the heat load per unit temperature [kW]
- R Z is the indoor thermal resistance [K / kW] of the outer wall
- R 3 is the thermal resistance [K / kW] of the outer wall
- ⁇ is the air conditioner 21 This is the correction coefficient [ ⁇ ] of the supply (removal) heat quantity. Note that ⁇ Q in Equation (4) is exactly ⁇ Q / ⁇ t when ⁇ t is assumed to be a unit temperature [K].
- ⁇ Q means ⁇ Q / ⁇ t, and the following description will be given.
- formulas other than Formula (4) may be sufficient.
- the heat load change allowable range calculation unit 83 includes a room temperature change allowable range obtained by the room temperature change allowable range calculation unit 81, a heat load per unit temperature obtained by the heat load calculation unit 82, and an air conditioner data acquisition unit 64.
- a heat load change allowable range is obtained on the basis of the indoor temperature measured by using the predicted heat load 53 acquired via the predicted heat load acquisition unit 62.
- the heat load change allowable range is obtained by Expression (5) represented by the following expression.
- Q is the heat load [kW]
- Q HVAC is the acquired predicted heat load [kW]
- ⁇ Q is the heat load per unit temperature [kW / K]
- tmeasure is the measured indoor temperature [K]
- tmax Is the room temperature upper limit [K]
- tmin is the room temperature lower limit [K].
- tmin has a larger thermal load and represents the range during cooling. Therefore, tmax and tmin are interchanged during heating, so that tmax has a larger thermal load. Represents a case.
- Formula (5) includes the room temperature change allowable range, that is, the indoor temperature upper limit value and the indoor temperature lower limit value as parameters.
- the room temperature upper limit value is a subset of the room temperature upper limit set value.
- the indoor temperature lower limit value is a subset of the indoor temperature lower limit set value. That is, the indoor temperature upper limit value and the indoor temperature lower limit value are a subset of the constraint conditions. Therefore, if the optimum heat load is determined within the allowable heat load change range obtained by using Equation (5), the room temperature falls within the room temperature change allowable range, which is 26 ° C. to 28 ° C. in the above example.
- the determined optimum thermal load satisfies the constraint condition. That, Delta] Q 1 shown in FIG. 6 is a Q HVAC + ⁇ Q ⁇ (t min -t measure), ⁇ Q 2 shown in FIG. 6 is a Q HVAC + ⁇ Q ⁇ (t max -t measure), ⁇ Q1 And ⁇ Q2 may be determined as the optimum heat load.
- the optimum heat load calculation means 72 maximizes the evaluation index in the control target period under the constraint conditions based on the heat load change allowable range obtained by the heat load change allowable range prediction means 71 and the air conditioner performance characteristics 51. Find the thermal load to minimize or minimize. Specifically, the optimum heat load calculation means 72 obtains the optimum heat load based on the heat load change allowable range obtained by the heat load change allowable range calculation unit 83 and the air conditioner performance characteristic 51.
- the heat load change allowable range obtained by the heat load change allowable range calculation unit 83 satisfies the constraint condition, and thus the heat load that provides the highest air conditioner efficiency as an evaluation index. Is the optimum heat load.
- the correlation between air conditioner efficiency and heat load is shown in FIG.
- the performance characteristics of the air conditioner 21 shown in FIG. 7 are obtained from the air conditioner performance characteristics 51.
- the power consumption amount and the supply (removal) heat amount are associated with each other.
- the heat load change allowable range is applied to the performance characteristics of the air conditioner 21 shown in FIG.
- the result is shown in FIG. That is, among the air conditioner performance characteristics 51 corresponding to ⁇ Q 1 and ⁇ Q 2 , the heat load corresponding to the maximum air conditioner performance characteristic 51 satisfies the constraint condition and the optimum heat satisfying the condition where the evaluation index is set in advance. It is a load.
- the air conditioner 21 can be stopped.
- a heat load corresponding to an air conditioner efficiency that is equal to or higher than a preset air conditioner efficiency is set.
- a heat load having a lower limit value that is ⁇ 10% from the heat load at which the efficiency of the air conditioner is maximized is set regardless of the heat load change allowable range.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 may supply a control command for stopping the air conditioner 21 to the air conditioner 21.
- the optimum control command calculation means 73 obtains the optimum control command for the air conditioner 21 necessary for processing the optimum heat load from the optimum heat load obtained by the optimum heat load calculation means 72 and the air conditioner performance characteristic 51. Specifically, the optimum control command calculation means 73 applies the optimum heat load and the coefficient calculated from the air conditioner performance characteristic 51 to the equation (6) expressed by the following equation, thereby obtaining the air conditioner. 21 and the start / stop of the air conditioner 21 are obtained.
- Q is the obtained optimum heat load [kW]
- f is the operating frequency [Hz] of the air conditioner 21
- a, b, and c are coefficients calculated from the air conditioner performance characteristics 51. For example, if the optimum heat load is 0, the control command for stopping the air conditioner 21 is the optimum control command. Further, the optimum control command calculation means 73 may obtain the operation mode of the air conditioner 21 as a control command to the air conditioner 21 based on the sign of the optimum heat load.
- the optimum heat load is calculated based on the amount of heat to be supplied.
- the operation mode is set to the heating mode, if it is negative, the operation mode is set to the cooling mode, and if it is zero, the operation mode is set to the air blowing mode.
- a control command to the air conditioner 21 may be obtained.
- the air conditioner data acquisition unit 64 acquires various data of the air conditioner 21 via a communication medium, but the communication medium is not particularly limited.
- the communication medium may be wired or wireless, for example.
- the air conditioner data acquisition unit 64 measures the operation data of the air conditioner 21 required by the air conditioner control command determination unit 63.
- the operation data of the air conditioner 21 is input information supplied from the air conditioner 21 and includes at least the room temperature of the room in which the air conditioner 21 is installed. Note that the operation data of the air conditioner 21 may include the set temperature of the room in which the air conditioner 21 is installed.
- the air conditioner data acquisition unit 64 may measure data used in other than the air conditioner control command determination unit 63, for example, data necessary for calculating the air conditioner performance characteristic 51 independently.
- Data that can uniquely calculate the air conditioner performance characteristic 51 includes, for example, the operating frequency of the compressor installed in the air conditioner 21, the refrigerant pressure at the inlet of the compressor installed in the air conditioner 21, and the air conditioner 21. What is necessary is just the refrigerant
- the air conditioner data acquisition unit 64 may measure data from various sensors installed independently of the air conditioner 21, such as a temperature sensor that measures the room temperature, if necessary.
- Control command unit 65 The control command unit 65 transmits a control command for the air conditioner 21 to the air conditioner 21.
- the control command unit 65 is supplied with a control command transmission cycle that is a timing for periodically transmitting the control command. Therefore, the control command unit 65 supplies the control command to the air conditioner 21 for each control command transmission cycle.
- the control command unit 65 acquires the optimal control command stored in the data storage unit 61, converts the optimal control command into a format suitable for each of the plurality of air conditioners 21, and then transmits the control command transmission cycle. Then, it supplies to each of the some air conditioner 21 as a control command. And as a result of repeating the process demonstrated above for every time cross section, as shown in FIG. 9, indoor temperature is controlled.
- the various calculations of the air conditioning system control device 41 described above may be executed by applying various parameters to the equations (1) to (6) described above. Further, if a table in which various parameters and results obtained by applying the various parameters to formulas (1) to (6) are linked in advance, the various calculations performed by the air conditioning system control device 41 described above are as follows. It is executed by referring to the table. When such a table is used, for various data that do not exist, an operation may be performed by executing an interpolation process. In any case, since various operations based on the algorithm described above may be executed, the implementation is not particularly limited.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an air conditioner control command determination process in the control example of the air conditioning system control device 41 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the processing in steps S11 to S13 corresponds to the thermal load change allowable range prediction processing.
- the process of step S14 corresponds to the optimum heat load calculation process.
- Step S15 corresponds to optimal control command calculation processing.
- the process of step S16 corresponds to a time section width determination process.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 is a series of processes including a heat load change allowable range prediction process, an optimal heat load calculation process, and an optimal control command calculation process.
- the control command of the air conditioner 21 is determined so as to maximize or minimize the preset evaluation index so that the preset evaluation index satisfies the preset condition.
- the control command for the air conditioner 21 may be determined to be ⁇ 10% of the evaluation index.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 obtains the room temperature change allowable range based on the measured room temperature, the room temperature upper limit set value, and the room temperature lower limit set value.
- Step S12 The air conditioning system control device 41 calculates a heat load per unit temperature based on the building component physical property value 52.
- Step S13 The air conditioning system control device 41 obtains a heat load change allowable range based on the indoor temperature change allowable range, the thermal load per unit temperature, the predicted predicted heat load 53, and the measured indoor temperature.
- Step S14 The air conditioning system control device 41 obtains an optimum thermal load that maximizes the air conditioning efficiency based on the allowable range of thermal load change and the air conditioner performance characteristics 51.
- Step S15 The air conditioning system control device 41 obtains an optimum control command for the air conditioner 21 based on the obtained heat load.
- Step S16 The air conditioning system control device 41 determines whether or not the final time cross-sectional width has been reached. The air conditioning system control device 41 ends the air conditioner control command determination process when the final time cross-sectional width is reached. On the other hand, the air conditioning system control apparatus 41 returns to step S11, when not reaching the last time cross-sectional width.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a series of operation examples for executing control of the air conditioner 21 among the control examples of the air conditioning system control device 41 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the processing from step S31 to step S34 corresponds to control command determination input data preparation processing.
- Steps S35 to S36 correspond to optimum control command generation processing.
- Steps S37 to S38 correspond to control command processing.
- step S35 is a process which performs operation
- the optimum heat load calculation process corresponding to the process of step S22 of FIG. 11 corresponds to step S14 of FIG.
- the optimal control command calculation process corresponding to the process of step S23 of FIG. 11 corresponds to step S15 of FIG.
- the time section width determination process corresponding to the process of step S24 of FIG. 11 corresponds to step S16 of FIG.
- Air conditioner control command decision processing (Step S21)
- the air conditioning system control device 41 executes thermal load change allowable range prediction processing.
- Step S22 The air conditioning system control device 41 executes optimal heat load calculation processing.
- Step S23 The air conditioning system control device 41 executes optimal control command calculation processing. It is assumed that the execution result of the optimum control command calculation process is obtained before the process of step S36 described later is executed. Further, when the execution result of the optimum control command calculation process is not obtained, the execution of the process of step S36 described later shifts to the standby mode, and when the execution result of the optimum control command calculation process is obtained, step S36 described later. It is sufficient if the process is executed.
- Step S24 The air conditioning system control device 41 determines whether or not the final time cross-sectional width has been reached. When the final time cross-sectional width is reached, the air conditioning system control device 41 ends the air conditioner control command determination process and proceeds to step S36. On the other hand, the air conditioning system control apparatus 41 returns to step S21, when not reaching the last time cross-sectional width.
- Air conditioning system control processing (Control data determination input data preparation process) (Step S31)
- the air conditioning system control device 41 determines whether or not the predicted thermal load acquisition cycle has arrived. When the predicted thermal load acquisition cycle has arrived, the air conditioning system control device 41 proceeds to step S32. On the other hand, the air conditioning system control device 41 returns to step S31 when the predicted thermal load acquisition cycle does not arrive.
- Step S32 The air conditioning system control device 41 acquires the predicted heat load 53.
- Step S33 The air conditioning system control device 41 acquires air conditioner data.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 stores a predicted heat load 53, air conditioner data, air conditioner performance characteristics 51, and building constituent member property values 52.
- Step S35 The air conditioning system control device 41 determines a control command for the air conditioner 21. Specifically, the air conditioning system control device 41 determines the control command for the air conditioner 21 by executing the processes of steps S21 to S23 described above.
- Step S36 The air conditioning system control device 41 stores a control command for the air conditioner 21.
- Step S37 The air conditioning system control device 41 determines whether or not a control command transmission cycle has arrived. When the control command transmission cycle arrives, the air conditioning system control device 41 proceeds to step S38. On the other hand, the air-conditioning system control apparatus 41 returns to step S37, when the control command transmission period does not arrive.
- Step S38 The air conditioning system control device 41 transmits a control command to the air conditioner 21 and ends the process.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 determines the control command for the air conditioner 21 so as to maximize or minimize the evaluation index, that is, to satisfy a preset condition while keeping the constraint conditions. Control of the air conditioner 21 can be executed. Therefore, the air conditioning system control device 41 can realize energy saving while suppressing fluctuations in the room temperature within a predetermined range.
- the air-conditioning system control apparatus 41 which controls the 1 or several air conditioner 21 installed in the building, Comprising: The air conditioning which acquires the operation data of the 1 or several air conditioner 21 Machine data acquisition unit 64, predicted thermal load acquisition unit 62 that acquires the predicted thermal load 53 in the building, and preset evaluation indexes in a predetermined control target period under preset constraint conditions.
- An air conditioner control command determining unit 63 that determines an air conditioner control command so as to satisfy the set condition, and the air conditioner control command determining unit 63 has one or more preset control target periods.
- a time section divided into multiple times is set with a division width, the room temperature change allowable range that satisfies the constraint condition of the room temperature included in the operation data is obtained, and the room temperature included in the operation data and the room temperature change allowance are determined.
- a heat load change allowable range is obtained, and the air conditioner
- An air conditioning system control device 41 that determines an operation frequency and start / stop is configured.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 can increase the operating efficiency of the air conditioner 21 while suppressing the fluctuation of the room temperature to a predetermined range while the air conditioner 21 is operating. Therefore, the air conditioning system control device 41 can reliably perform the energy saving operation while keeping the air conditioning target space in a comfortable state.
- the air conditioner 21 is operated so that the evaluation index satisfies the preset condition under the constraint conditions, so that energy saving can be achieved.
- the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 includes the measured indoor temperature, a preset indoor temperature upper limit set value as a constraint condition, and a preset indoor temperature lower limit as a constraint condition.
- Thermal load change allowable range predicting means 71 for obtaining a thermal load change allowable range based on the set value, the building component physical property value 52 representing the heat insulation of the building and the heat storage property of the building, and the predicted thermal load 53 is provided. .
- the air conditioner control command can be determined while keeping the indoor temperature fluctuation within the allowable indoor temperature range.
- the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 includes the air load performance tolerance 51 related to the heat load change allowable range and the operation efficiency of one air conditioner 21 or the operation efficiency of a plurality of air conditioners 21. Based on the above, the optimum heat load of one air conditioner 21 or the optimum heat load of each of the plurality of air conditioners 21 is set so that the evaluation index satisfies a preset condition in the control target period in the constraint condition. The optimum heat load calculating means 72 to be obtained is included.
- the operating efficiency of the air conditioner 21 can be increased while suppressing frequent fluctuations in the room temperature.
- the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 uses one or a plurality of air conditioners necessary for processing the optimum heat load based on the optimum heat load and the air conditioner performance characteristic 51. The operating frequency and start / stop of the machine 21 are obtained.
- control command for the air conditioner 21 that processes the optimum heat load can be determined.
- the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 determines the operation mode of one air conditioner 21 or each operation mode of the plurality of air conditioners 21 based on the optimum heat load.
- the user can automatically change the operation mode according to the heat load without changing the operation mode.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 can perform the energy saving operation reliably while maintaining the air-conditioning target space in a comfortable state.
- Embodiment 2 (Variations of evaluation indices and constraints) The difference from the first embodiment is an evaluation index and a constraint condition.
- the evaluation index will be described first, and then the constraint condition will be described.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of an evaluation index in the detailed functional configuration of the air conditioning system control device 41 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12, running cost is considered as an evaluation index when determining the optimum heat load. At this time, a power charge for each time zone may be set as necessary.
- the evaluation index G shown in Expression (7) that combines power consumption and running cost with the degree of deviation of the room temperature from the set temperature and the temporal change rate of the room temperature. May be set.
- G 1 is power consumption throughout the time horizon of the air conditioner 21
- G 2 is running costs throughout the time horizon of the air conditioner 21
- G 3 is the mean square deviation degree of the room temperature from the set temperature
- G 4 is the root mean square value of the time change rate of the room temperature
- ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 4 are weighting factors.
- G 3 and G 4 it is not necessary to incorporate the mean square value into the evaluation index.
- G 3 may be an evaluation index that also considers the maximum absolute value of the deviation degree.
- G 4 may be an evaluation index that also considers the maximum absolute value of the time change rate.
- the room temperature is maintained between the preset indoor temperature upper limit set value and the preset indoor temperature lower limit set value as a constraint on the indoor temperature.
- the restriction condition may be that the time change rate of the room temperature does not exceed the upper limit value of the time change rate of the room temperature.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the constraint condition additional data group 101 is added to the constraint conditions in the detailed functional configuration of the air conditioning system control device 41 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- a constraint condition additional data group 101 is added to the constraint conditions.
- the constraint condition additional data group 101 is, for example, a condition that the time change rate of the room temperature does not exceed the upper limit value of the time change rate of the room temperature. For example, a restriction such as 0.2 [° C./5 minutes or less] is provided for the time change rate of the room temperature.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 can avoid the control of the air conditioner 21 accompanied by a rapid temperature change, and the comfort is further improved.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 may provide a restriction such as 10 [kW] or less for the power consumption. That is, the power consumption may be limited to 10 [kW] or less.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 adds a limit to the number of times of starting and stopping by adding a condition of one time / one hour or less to the upper limit value of the number of times of starting and stopping the restriction condition additional data group 101.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 can realize an energy saving operation so as not to impair the life of equipment such as a compressor provided in the air conditioner 21.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 can determine an optimal control command in consideration of comfort based on various viewpoints, suppression of peak power, equipment life of the air conditioner 21, and the like.
- the constraint condition is the first condition for maintaining the room temperature between the room temperature upper limit set value and the room temperature lower limit set value, and the room temperature with the time change rate of the room temperature set in advance.
- the second condition for maintaining the time change rate of the second Within a predetermined number of times, the second condition for maintaining the time change rate of the second, the third condition for maintaining the power consumption of the air conditioner 21 within a preset power consumption range, and the number of times of starting and stopping the air conditioner 21 Any one of the fourth conditions to be maintained, or a combination of two or more.
- the evaluation index is the amount of power consumption of one air conditioner 21 or the amount of power consumption of each of the plurality of air conditioners 21 in the control target period, the running cost of one air conditioner 21, or a plurality of Any one or two of the running cost of each of the air conditioners 21, the air conditioner efficiency obtained from the air conditioner performance characteristics 51, the degree of deviation of the room temperature from the set temperature, and the time change rate of the room temperature It consists of the above combination.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of the air conditioning system control device 41 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a detailed functional configuration of the air conditioning system control device 41 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 is not provided with a control command unit 65.
- a control command is transmitted from the data storage unit 61 to the air conditioner 21, for example, a general control unit that performs overall control of a processor (not illustrated) or an air conditioning system control device 41 (not illustrated)
- a control command may be transmitted to the machine 21.
- a data control unit (not shown) is configured in the data storage unit 61
- a data control unit (not shown) may transmit a control command from the data storage unit 61 to the air conditioner 21.
- the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 determines the control command and then transmits the calculated control command to the air conditioner 21. May be.
- an identifier for specifying the air conditioner 21, for example, the address of the air conditioner 21 is set in the data storage unit 61 or the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 in advance. If the address of the air conditioner 21 is not set in the data storage unit 61 or the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 in advance, the data storage unit 61 or the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 is transmitted before the control command is transmitted. Should be set.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 can transmit a control command to the air conditioner 21 even if the control command unit 65 is not provided.
- Embodiment 4 (Variation of functional configuration of air conditioning system control device 41)
- the difference from the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that the control command unit 65 is not provided.
- the difference from the third embodiment is the evaluation index and the constraint conditions, which are the same as in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of an evaluation index in the detailed functional configuration of the air conditioning system control device 41 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the constraint condition additional data group 101 is added to the constraint conditions in the detailed functional configuration of the air conditioning system control device 41 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 in the fourth embodiment is not provided with a control command unit 65.
- a control command is transmitted from the data storage unit 61 to the air conditioner 21, for example, a general control unit that performs overall control of a processor (not illustrated) or an air conditioning system control device 41 (not illustrated)
- a control command may be transmitted to the machine 21.
- a data control unit (not shown) is configured in the data storage unit 61
- a data control unit may transmit a control command from the data storage unit 61 to the air conditioner 21.
- the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 determines the control command and then transmits the calculated control command to the air conditioner 21. May be.
- an identifier for specifying the air conditioner 21, for example, the address of the air conditioner 21 is set in the data storage unit 61 or the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 in advance. If the address of the air conditioner 21 is not set in the data storage unit 61 or the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 in advance, the data storage unit 61 or the air conditioner control command determination unit 63 is transmitted before the control command is transmitted. Should be set.
- the air conditioning system control device 41 can transmit a control command to the air conditioner 21 even if the control command unit 65 is not provided.
- Air conditioning system control device 51 Air conditioner performance characteristics, 52 Building component property value, 53 Predicted heat load, 61 Data storage Unit, 62 predicted heat load acquisition unit, 63 air conditioner control command determination unit, 64 air conditioner data acquisition unit, 65 control command unit, 71 heat load change allowable range prediction unit, 72 optimum heat load calculation unit, 73 optimum control command calculation Means, 81 indoor temperature change allowable range calculation unit, 82 heat load calculation unit, 8 Thermal load change allowable range calculation unit, 101 constraint additional data group.
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Abstract
Description
(空調システム1の第1構成例)
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1における空調システム1の概略構成の一例を示す図である。図1に示すように、空調システム1は、空調コントローラ11と、空調設備12とを備える。空調コントローラ11と、空調設備12とは、空調ネットワーク13を介して接続されている。
図2は、本発明の実施の形態1における空調システム1の概略構成の別の一例を示す図である。図2に示すように、空調システム1には、空調制御用計算機15が設けられている。空調制御用計算機15は、汎用ネットワーク16を介して、空調コントローラ11と接続されている。空調制御用計算機15は、汎用ネットワーク16を介して、空調コントローラ11と各種通信が行われる。
次に、上記で説明した空調システム1に実装される機能について図3を用いて説明する。図3は、本発明の実施の形態1における空調システム制御装置41の機能構成の一例を示す図である。図3に示すように、空調システム制御装置41は、空調機21と各種データ等を送受信する。例えば、空調システム制御装置41は、空調機21の入力情報を空調機21から受信する。また、例えば、空調システム制御装置41は、空調機21に制御指令を送信する。図3に示すように、ここでは、空調機21が複数設けられている構成を想定している。よって、空調システム制御装置41は、複数の空調機21と各種データ等を送受信する。なお、空調機21が1台設けられている構成を想定すると、空調システム制御装置41は、1台の空調機21と各種データ等を送受信する。要するに、空調機21の台数は特に限定されない。
次に、空調システム制御装置41の各種機能の詳細について図4~図9を用いて説明する。図4は、本発明の実施の形態1における空調システム制御装置41の詳細な機能構成の一例を示す図である。図4は、空調システム制御装置41の各種機能の入出力データの詳細例を示している。図4は、熱負荷変更許容範囲予測手段71の詳細例も示している。図5は、本発明の実施の形態1における室内温度の変更許容範囲の一例を示す図である。図6は、本発明の実施の形態1における熱負荷の変更許容範囲の一例を示す図である。図7は、本発明の実施の形態1における空調機21の性能特性の一例を示す図である。図8は、本発明の実施の形態1における空調機効率が高い熱負荷を算定するアルゴリズムを直感的に説明する図である。図9は、本発明の実施の形態1における空調システム制御装置41の制御例を直感的に説明する図である。
データ記憶部61は、空調機データ取得部64を介して取得した各種データ等を保存する。データ記憶部61は、予測熱負荷取得部62を介して取得した各種データ等を保存する。データ記憶部61は、空調機性能特性51及び建物構成部材物性値52等を保存する。データ記憶部61は、保存している各種データを構成要素とする制御指令決定用入力データを空調機制御指令決定部63に供給する。データ記憶部61は、空調機制御指令決定部63の各種演算結果、例えば、空調機21の最適制御指令を保存する。データ記憶部61は、保存した最適制御指令を制御指令部65に供給する。
データ記憶部61に保存される空調機性能特性51の詳細について説明する。空調機性能特性51は、少なくとも、複数の空調機21のそれぞれの消費電力と供給(除去)熱量との相関関係を含む。空調機性能特性51は、ユーザ操作でデータ記憶部61に予め登録してもよい。また、空調機性能特性51は、複数の空調機21のそれぞれの運転データから推定することで求めてもよい。ここでいう運転データは、例えば、室内温度及び設定温度等の時系列値である。なお、図4においては、消費電力と、供給(除去)熱量との間で相関関係があり、消費電力に応じた供給(除去)熱量が対応付けられている意味を示すために、消費電力から供給(除去)熱量への矢印を付記したが、特にこれに限定されない。要するに、データ構成上、消費電力と、供給(除去)熱量との間に写像関係が形成されていればよい。
データ記憶部61に保存される建物構成部材物性値52の詳細について説明する。建物構成部材物性値52は、建物の断熱性及び建物の蓄熱性を表す値であって、例えば、以下で説明する式(1)~(3)で表される熱伝導方程式に含まれているパラメータのうち、熱抵抗と、熱容量と、補正係数とが該当する。式(1)~(3)で表される熱伝導方程式は、建物の熱の出入りを表したものであって、空調機21が供給(除去)した熱量データと、外気温と日射量との少なくとも一方を含む気象データと、建物内部で発生する内部発熱データと、を入力データとして、室内温度の時間変化を求めるものである。つまり、式(1)~(3)で表される熱伝導方程式は、数式モデルであって、室内温度を予測する室内温度予測モデルである。
予測熱負荷取得部62は、空調機21が設置される対象建物で予測される熱負荷である予測熱負荷53を、空調システム制御装置41の外部から取得し、取得した予測熱負荷53をデータ記憶部61に供給する。予測熱負荷取得部62は、予測熱負荷53を通信媒体を介して取得するが、通信媒体は特に限定されない。通信媒体は、例えば、有線であってもよく、また、無線であってもよい。予測熱負荷取得部62には、予測熱負荷53を定期的に取得するタイミングである予測熱負荷取得周期が供給される。よって、予測熱負荷取得部62は、予測熱負荷取得周期ごとに、予測熱負荷53を外部から取得する。
予測熱負荷取得部62が取得する予測熱負荷53は、空調対象空間の室内温度が設定温度となるように、空調機21が供給(除去)すべき熱量の時系列値である。供給すべき熱量とは、例えば、暖房時の熱量である。除去すべき熱量とは、例えば、冷房時の熱量である。供給すべき熱量をプラスの熱量として統一した表現形式であれば、除去すべき熱量はマイナスの熱量として表現される。一方、除去すべき熱量をプラスの熱量として統一した表現形式であれば、供給すべき熱量はマイナスの熱量として表現される。
空調機制御指令決定部63は、空調機21の制御指令を決定する。空調機制御指令決定部63は、具体的には、予め設定された制約条件において、予め設定された制御対象期間で、予め設定された評価指標が最大化又は最小化されるように、つまり、予め設定された評価指標が予め設定された条件を満たすように、空調機21の制御指令を決定する。そこで、空調機制御指令決定部63は、上記で説明した機能を実行させるために、熱負荷変更許容範囲予測手段71、最適熱負荷算定手段72、及び最適制御指令算定手段73を有している。
熱負荷変更許容範囲予測手段71は、空調機データ取得部64を介して取得した空調機21の空調対象空間の室内温度と、制約条件である室内温度上限設定値及び室内温度下限設定値と、予測熱負荷取得部62を介して取得した予測熱負荷53と、建物構成部材物性値52とに基づいて、処理する熱負荷の変更許容範囲である熱負荷変更許容範囲を求める。具体的には、熱負荷変更許容範囲予測手段71は、室内温度変更許容範囲算出部81と、熱負荷算出部82と、熱負荷変更許容範囲算出部83とを備える。
上記で説明したように、室内温度変更許容範囲算出部81は、室内温度の許容変動幅から室内温度変更許容範囲を求める。つまり、室内温度変更許容範囲は、制約条件の部分集合である。例えば、室内温度変更許容範囲算出部81は、室内温度上限設定値と室内温度下限設定値とが、空調機21の設定温度と室内温度との差分値に基づいて設定されている場合、設定温度と、差分値とに基づいて、室内温度上限設定値と室内温度下限設定値とを求める。
熱負荷算出部82は、建物構成部材物性値52の熱抵抗データ群に含まれる熱抵抗データと、建物構成部材物性値52の補正係数データ群に含まれる補正係数データとを、式(4)で表される数式に適用することで、単位温度当たりの熱負荷を求める。
熱負荷変更許容範囲算出部83は、室内温度変更許容範囲算出部81が求めた室内温度変更許容範囲と、熱負荷算出部82が求めた単位温度当たりの熱負荷と、空調機データ取得部64を用いて計測した室内温度と、予測熱負荷取得部62を介して取得した予測熱負荷53と、に基づいて、熱負荷変更許容範囲を求める。熱負荷変更許容範囲は、具体的には、次式に表される式(5)で求められる。
最適熱負荷算定手段72は、熱負荷変更許容範囲予測手段71で求めた熱負荷変更許容範囲と、空調機性能特性51と、に基づいて、制約条件下で、制御対象期間における評価指標を最大化又は最小化する熱負荷を求める。具体的には、最適熱負荷算定手段72は、熱負荷変更許容範囲算出部83で求めた熱負荷変更許容範囲と、空調機性能特性51と、に基づいて、最適熱負荷を求める。ここで、熱負荷変更許容範囲算出部83で求められた熱負荷変更許容範囲は、上記で説明したように、制約条件を満たしているため、評価指標である空調機効率が最高となる熱負荷を最適熱負荷とすればよい。
最適制御指令算定手段73は、最適熱負荷算定手段72で求めた最適熱負荷と、空調機性能特性51とから、最適熱負荷を処理するために必要な空調機21の最適制御指令を求める。具体的には、最適制御指令算定手段73は、次式で表される式(6)に、最適熱負荷と、空調機性能特性51から算出された係数と、を適用することで、空調機21の運転周波数と、空調機21の起動停止と、を求める。
空調機データ取得部64は、空調機21の各種データを通信媒体を介して取得するが、通信媒体は特に限定されない。通信媒体は、例えば、有線であってもよく、また、無線であってもよい。空調機データ取得部64は、具体的には、空調機制御指令決定部63で必要となる空調機21の運転データを計測する。空調機21の運転データは、空調機21から供給される入力情報であって、少なくとも、空調機21が設置された部屋の室内温度を含んでいる。なお、空調機21の運転データは、空調機21が設置された部屋の設定温度を含んでもよい。
制御指令部65は、空調機21の制御指令を空調機21に伝達する。制御指令部65には、制御指令を定期的に伝達するタイミングである制御指令送信周期が供給される。よって、制御指令部65は、制御指令送信周期ごとに、制御指令を空調機21に供給する。具体的には、制御指令部65は、データ記憶部61に保存されている最適制御指令を取得し、最適制御指令を複数の空調機21のそれぞれに適した形式に変換後、制御指令送信周期で、制御指令として複数の空調機21のそれぞれに供給する。そして、時間断面ごとに、上記で説明した処理が繰り返される結果、図9に示すように、室内温度が制御される。
(熱負荷変更許容範囲予測処理)
(ステップS11)
空調システム制御装置41は、計測した室内温度と、室内温度上限設定値と、室内温度下限設定値と、に基づいて、室内温度変更許容範囲を求める。
空調システム制御装置41は、建物構成部材物性値52に基づいて、単位温度当たりの熱負荷を求める。
空調システム制御装置41は、室内温度変更許容範囲と、単位温度当たりの熱負荷と、予測した予測熱負荷53と、計測した室内温度と、に基づいて、熱負荷変更許容範囲を求める。
(ステップS14)
空調システム制御装置41は、熱負荷変更許容範囲と、空調機性能特性51と、に基づいて、空調効率が最高となる最適熱負荷を求める。
(ステップS15)
空調システム制御装置41は、求めた熱負荷に基づいて、空調機21の最適制御指令を求める。
(ステップS16)
空調システム制御装置41は、最終の時間断面幅に達したか否かを判定する。空調システム制御装置41は、最終の時間断面幅に達した場合、空調機制御指令決定処理を終了する。一方、空調システム制御装置41は、最終の時間断面幅に達しない場合、ステップS11に戻る。
(ステップS21)
空調システム制御装置41は、熱負荷変更許容範囲予測処理を実行する。
空調システム制御装置41は、最適熱負荷演算処理を実行する。
空調システム制御装置41は、最適制御指令演算処理を実行する。なお、最適制御指令演算処理の実行結果は、後述するステップS36の処理が実行される前に求まると想定する。また、最適制御指令演算処理の実行結果が求まっていない場合には、後述するステップS36の処理の実行が待機モードに移行し、最適制御指令演算処理の実行結果が求まったときに後述するステップS36の処理が実行されればよい。
空調システム制御装置41は、最終の時間断面幅に達したか否かを判定する。空調システム制御装置41は、最終の時間断面幅に達した場合、空調機制御指令決定処理を終了し、ステップS36に進む。一方、空調システム制御装置41は、最終の時間断面幅に達しない場合、ステップS21に戻る。
(制御指令決定用入力データ準備処理)
(ステップS31)
空調システム制御装置41は、予測熱負荷取得周期が到来したか否かを判定する。空調システム制御装置41は、予測熱負荷取得周期が到来した場合、ステップS32に進む。一方、空調システム制御装置41は、予測熱負荷取得周期が到来しない場合、ステップS31に戻る。
空調システム制御装置41は、予測熱負荷53を取得する。
空調システム制御装置41は、空調機データを取得する。
空調システム制御装置41は、予測熱負荷53、空調機データ、空調機性能特性51、及び建物構成部材物性値52を記憶する。
(ステップS35)
空調システム制御装置41は、空調機21の制御指令を決定する。具体的には、空調システム制御装置41は、上記で説明したステップS21~ステップS23の処理を実行することで、空調機21の制御指令を決定する。
空調システム制御装置41は、空調機21の制御指令を記憶する。
(ステップS37)
空調システム制御装置41は、制御指令送信周期が到来したか否かを判定する。空調システム制御装置41は、制御指令送信周期が到来した場合、ステップS38に進む。一方、空調システム制御装置41は、制御指令送信周期が到来しない場合、ステップS37に戻る。
空調システム制御装置41は、空調機21に制御指令を送信し、処理を終了する。
上記の構成で、空調システム制御装置41は、空調機21の制御指令を決定することで、制約条件を守りつつ、評価指標を最大化又は最小化、つまり、予め設定された条件を満たすように、空調機21の制御を実行することができる。よって、空調システム制御装置41は、室内温度の変動を予め定めた範囲に抑制しつつ、省エネを実現することができる。
(評価指標及び制約条件のバリエーション)
実施の形態1との相違点は、評価指標及び制約条件である。以下、最初に、評価指標について説明し、次に、制約条件について説明する。
(追加された評価指標に関する機能構成)
実施の形態1においては、評価指標として、消費電力量が採用された。しかし、評価指標として、ランニングコストが採用されてもよい。図12は、本発明の実施の形態2における空調システム制御装置41の詳細な機能構成のうち、評価指標の一例を示す図である。図12に示すように、最適熱負荷を求める際に、評価指標として、ランニングコストが考慮されている。このときには、必要に応じて、時間帯別の電力量料金等が設定されてもよい。
上記で説明した構成で、単に、消費電力量及びランニングコストを最小化するための評価指標ではなく、快適性も含めた評価指標となり、省エネ性と快適性とのバランスを考慮した空調機21の最適制御指令を決定することができる。
(室内温度の時間変化率に制約条件が追加される場合)
(室内温度の時間変化率の制約に関する機能構成)
また、実施の形態1では、室内温度を、予め設定された室内温度上限設定値と、予め設定された室内温度下限設定値と、の間に維持することを室内温度に関する制約条件としたが、これに加え、室内温度の時間変化率を予め設定された温度変化率内に維持することが制約条件に加えられてもよい。つまり、室内温度の時間変化率が、室内温度の時間変化率上限値を超えないことが制約条件となってもよい。
この結果、空調システム制御装置41は、急激な温度変化を伴う空調機21の制御を回避することができ、快適性がさらに向上する。
(消費電力量の制約に関する機能構成)
また、空調機21の消費電力量を予め設定された消費電力量上限値以下に維持するという条件が制約条件追加データ群101に追加されることで、制約上限に、消費電力量上限値が追加されてもよい。例えば、空調システム制御装置41は、消費電力量に10[kW]以下等の制約を設けてもよい。つまり、消費電力量に、10[kW]以下の制約が設けられてもよい。
この結果、空調システム制御装置41は、ピーク電力及び契約電力を抑制することができるため、ユーザの空調費を削減することができる。
(起動停止回数の制約に関する機能構成)
また、空調機21の起動停止回数を予め設定された起動停止回数上限値以下に維持するという条件が制約条件追加データ群101に追加されることで、制約上限に、起動停止回数上限値が追加されてもよい。例えば、空調システム制御装置41は、起動停止回数上限値に、1回/1時間以下という条件を制約条件追加データ群101に追加することで、起動停止回数に制限が加えられる。
この結果、空調システム制御装置41は、空調機21に設けられている圧縮機等の機器寿命を損なわないように、省エネ運転を実現することができる。
上記の説明から、空調システム制御装置41は、さまざまな観点に基づいた快適性、ピーク電力の抑制、及び空調機21の機器寿命等を考慮した最適制御指令を決定することができる。
(空調システム制御装置41の機能構成のバリエーション)
実施の形態1及び実施の形態2との相違点は、制御指令部65が設けられていない点である。図14は、本発明の実施の形態3における空調システム制御装置41の機能構成の一例を示す図である。図15は、本発明の実施の形態3における空調システム制御装置41の詳細な機能構成の一例を示す図である。
(空調システム制御装置41の機能構成のバリエーション)
実施の形態1及び実施の形態2との相違点は、制御指令部65が設けられていない点である。実施の形態3との相違点は、評価指標及び制約条件であるが、これについては、実施の形態2と同様である。
Claims (11)
- 建物内に設置された1つ又は複数の空調機を制御する空調システム制御装置であって、
前記1つ又は複数の空調機の運転データを取得する空調機データ取得部と、
前記建物内の予測熱負荷を取得する予測熱負荷取得部と、
予め設定された制約条件において、予め設定された制御対象期間で、予め設定された評価指標が予め設定された条件を満たすように、空調機制御指令を決定する空調機制御指令決定部と、
を備え、
前記空調機制御指令決定部は、
前記制御対象期間を1つ又は複数の予め設定された分割幅で複数の時間に分割された時間断面が設定され、
前記運転データに含まれる室内温度が前記制約条件を満たす室内温度変更許容範囲を求め、
前記運転データに含まれる室内温度と、前記室内温度変更許容範囲と、前記予測熱負荷と、前記1つの空調機が処理すべき熱負荷又は前記複数の空調機のそれぞれが処理すべき熱負荷と、に基づいて、熱負荷変更許容範囲を求め、
前記空調機制御指令として、前記時間断面ごとに、前記熱負荷変更許容範囲と、前記1つの空調機の運転効率又は前記複数の空調機のそれぞれの運転効率と、に基づいて、前記1つ又は複数の空調機の運転周波数及び起動停止を決定する
ことを特徴とする空調システム制御装置。 - 前記空調機制御指令決定部は、
計測した室内温度と、前記制約条件としての予め設定された室内温度上限設定値と、前記制約条件としての予め設定された室内温度下限設定値と、建物の断熱性及び建物の蓄熱性を表す建物構成部材物性値と、前記予測熱負荷と、に基づいて、前記熱負荷変更許容範囲を求める熱負荷変更許容範囲予測手段を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の空調システム制御装置。 - 前記空調機制御指令決定部は、
前記熱負荷変更許容範囲と、前記1つの空調機の運転効率又は前記複数の空調機の運転効率に関連する空調機性能特性と、に基づいて、前記制約条件において、前記制御対象期間で、前記評価指標が前記予め設定された条件を満たすように、前記1つの空調機の最適熱負荷又は前記複数の空調機のそれぞれの最適熱負荷を求める最適熱負荷算定手段を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の空調システム制御装置。 - 前記空調機制御指令決定部は、
前記最適熱負荷と、前記空調機性能特性と、に基づいて、前記最適熱負荷を処理するために必要な前記1つ又は複数の空調機の運転周波数及び起動停止を求める
ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の空調システム制御装置。 - 前記制約条件は、
室内温度を前記室内温度上限設定値と前記室内温度下限設定値との間に維持させる第1条件、室内温度の時間変化率を予め設定された室内温度の時間変化率に維持させる第2条件、前記空調機の消費電力量を予め設定された消費電力量範囲に維持させる第3条件、及び、前記空調機の起動停止の回数を予め定めた回数以内に維持させる第4条件の何れか1つ、又は、2つ以上の組み合わせで構成される
ことを特徴とする請求項2~4の何れか一項に記載の空調システム制御装置。 - 前記評価指標は、
前記制御対象期間における、前記1つの空調機の消費電力量又は前記複数の空調機のそれぞれの消費電力量、前記1つの空調機のランニングコスト又は前記複数の空調機のそれぞれのランニングコスト、前記空調機性能特性から求めた空調機効率、設定温度からの室内温度のずれ度合い、及び、室内温度の時間変化率の何れか1つ、又は、2つ以上の組み合わせで構成される
ことを特徴とする請求項3~5の何れか一項に記載の空調システム制御装置。 - 前記空調機制御指令決定部は、
前記最適熱負荷に基づいて、前記1つの空調機の運転モード又は前記複数の空調機のそれぞれの運転モードを決定する
ことを特徴とする請求項3~5の何れか一項に記載の空調システム制御装置。 - 建物内に設置された1つ又は複数の空調機を制御する空調システム制御方法であって、
前記1つ又は複数の空調機の運転データを取得する空調機データ取得部と、
前記建物内の予測熱負荷を取得する予測熱負荷取得部と、
予め設定された制約条件において、予め設定された制御対象期間で、予め設定された評価指標が予め設定された条件を満たすように、空調機制御指令を決定する空調機制御指令決定部と、
を備え、
前記空調機制御指令決定部は、
前記制御対象期間を1つ又は複数の予め設定された分割幅で複数の時間に分割された時間断面が設定され、
前記運転データに含まれる室内温度が前記制約条件を満たす室内温度変更許容範囲を求め、
前記運転データに含まれる室内温度と、前記室内温度変更許容範囲と、前記予測熱負荷と、前記1つの空調機が処理すべき熱負荷又は前記複数の空調機のそれぞれが処理すべき熱負荷と、に基づいて、熱負荷変更許容範囲を求め、
前記空調機制御指令として、前記時間断面ごとに、前記熱負荷変更許容範囲と、前記1つの空調機の運転効率又は前記複数の空調機の運転効率と、に基づいて、前記1つ又は複数の空調機の運転周波数及び起動停止を決定する
ステップを含む空調システム制御方法。 - 前記空調機制御指令決定部は、
計測した室内温度と、前記制約条件としての予め設定された室内温度上限設定値と、前記制約条件としての予め設定された室内温度下限設定値と、建物の断熱性及び建物の蓄熱性を表す建物構成部材物性値と、前記予測熱負荷と、に基づいて、熱負荷変更許容範囲を求める
ことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の空調システム制御方法。 - 前記空調機制御指令決定部は、
前記熱負荷変更許容範囲と、前記1つの空調機の運転効率又は前記複数の空調機の運転効率に関連する空調機性能特性と、に基づいて、前記制約条件において、前記制御対象期間で、前記評価指標が前記予め設定された条件を満たすように、前記1つの空調機の最適熱負荷又は前記複数の空調機の最適熱負荷を求める
ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の空調システム制御方法。 - 前記空調機制御指令決定部は、
前記最適熱負荷と、前記空調機性能特性と、に基づいて、前記最適熱負荷を処理するために必要な前記1つ又は複数の空調機の運転周波数及び起動停止を求める
ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の空調システム制御方法。
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- 2013-06-17 JP JP2015522388A patent/JP5963959B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-06-17 CN CN201380077497.0A patent/CN105324614B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-06-17 EP EP13887078.7A patent/EP3012546B1/en active Active
- 2013-06-17 US US14/890,288 patent/US10253996B2/en active Active
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP3279579A4 (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2018-12-05 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Air-conditioning system control device |
WO2016198681A1 (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2016-12-15 | Eaton Industries (Austria) Gmbh | Method for the detection of an open ventilation opening |
CN105605733A (zh) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-05-25 | 深圳达实智能股份有限公司 | 一种空调冷机的电网响应方法及装置 |
CN105627506A (zh) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-06-01 | 深圳达实智能股份有限公司 | 一种空调冷机的建筑冷负荷预测方法及装置 |
US11029052B2 (en) | 2017-07-05 | 2021-06-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Operation device and method to control an air conditioner based on weather change patterns |
EP3943825A4 (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2022-05-04 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | CLIMATE CONTROL SYSTEM |
US11698203B2 (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2023-07-11 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Air-conditioning system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3012546B1 (en) | 2021-06-16 |
EP3012546A4 (en) | 2017-03-01 |
CN105324614B (zh) | 2018-03-30 |
US20160109147A1 (en) | 2016-04-21 |
CN105324614A (zh) | 2016-02-10 |
EP3012546A1 (en) | 2016-04-27 |
JPWO2014203311A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
JP5963959B2 (ja) | 2016-08-03 |
US10253996B2 (en) | 2019-04-09 |
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