WO2014200049A1 - 電源システム - Google Patents
電源システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014200049A1 WO2014200049A1 PCT/JP2014/065559 JP2014065559W WO2014200049A1 WO 2014200049 A1 WO2014200049 A1 WO 2014200049A1 JP 2014065559 W JP2014065559 W JP 2014065559W WO 2014200049 A1 WO2014200049 A1 WO 2014200049A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- power
- voltage
- power supply
- mode
- control
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
- B60L15/2009—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for braking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/14—Preventing excessive discharging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/15—Preventing overcharging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
- B60L7/14—Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles propelled by ac motors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J5/00—Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
- B60L2220/10—Electrical machine types
- B60L2220/14—Synchronous machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
- B60L2240/12—Speed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
- B60L2240/421—Speed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
- B60L2240/423—Torque
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/549—Current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power supply system, and more particularly, to control of a power supply system including a power converter connected between a plurality of DC power supplies and a power line.
- Patent Document 1 A power supply apparatus that supplies power to a load by combining a plurality of power supplies is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-57288 (Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 a switch that switches between a serial connection and a parallel connection of the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit is provided.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-26883 discloses power that switches between series connection and parallel connection based on the required drive power of the load, the difference between the maximum supply power and the total loss in each of the parallel connection state and the series connection state, and the total loss. Controlling the feeding device is described. This provides a power supply device that can achieve the required drive power as much as possible and reduce the total loss and improve the mutual efficiency in any use state of the load.
- Patent Document 2 JP 2012-70514 A discloses an operation mode (series connection mode) in which DC / DC conversion is performed in a state where two DC power sources are connected in series under the control of a plurality of switching elements. There is described a configuration of a power converter capable of switching an operation mode (parallel connection mode) in which DC / DC conversion is performed in a state where two DC power supplies are used in parallel.
- the power supply device described in Patent Document 1 can switch between a parallel connection state and a series connection state of two power storage units, but a voltage control function (a boost function) between power storage units and a power line connected to a load. Therefore, there is a possibility that a sufficient voltage cannot be supplied to the load when the power supply voltage decreases. Therefore, in reality, it is difficult to flexibly switch the connection form of the power storage units in pursuit of efficiency.
- a voltage control function a boost function
- Patent Document 2 describes a power converter having a plurality of operation modes. However, Patent Document 2 does not describe in detail a specific process for selecting these operation modes. In the power converter described in Patent Document 2, the voltage range that can be output by the power converter changes according to the operation mode, so that it is possible to select an operation mode that is advantageous in terms of efficiency in consideration of this point. It is preferable to control the system.
- the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to allow a power converter connected between a plurality of DC power supplies and a power line to have a plurality of operation modes.
- the selection of the operation mode is controlled so as to improve the efficiency of the entire system.
- a power supply system includes a load, a power line connected to the load, a plurality of DC power supplies, a power converter connected between the plurality of DC power supplies and the power lines, and an operation of the power converter. And a control device for controlling the device.
- the plurality of DC power supplies include a first DC power supply and a second DC power supply that differ in voltage change amount with respect to input / output of the same amount of energy.
- the power converter operates by selectively applying one operation mode among a plurality of operation modes including a plurality of switching elements and having different modes of power conversion between the plurality of DC power supplies and the power line. By doing so, it is configured to control the output voltage on the power line.
- the plurality of operation modes include a series direct connection mode and a voltage control mode.
- the power converter operates to fix on / off of the plurality of switching elements so as to maintain a state in which the plurality of DC power sources are connected in series to the power line.
- the voltage control mode the power converter converts the output voltage according to the voltage command value by DC voltage conversion between at least one of the first and second DC power supplies and the power line by on / off control of the plurality of switching elements. Operate to control.
- the control device includes a voltage adjustment control unit. In the voltage control mode, the voltage adjustment control unit controls the DC voltage conversion by the power converter so as to execute voltage adjustment control for matching the sum of the voltages of the plurality of DC power supplies with the voltage command value.
- the voltage adjustment control unit when the voltage change amount of the second DC power supply is larger than the voltage change amount of the first DC power supply for the same amount of energy input / output, the voltage adjustment control unit When the sum of the voltages is lower than the output voltage, the voltage adjustment control is executed by controlling the DC voltage conversion by the power converter so that the first DC power supply is discharged while the second DC power supply is charged. .
- the voltage adjustment control unit when the voltage change amount of the second DC power supply is larger than the voltage change amount of the first DC power supply with respect to input / output of the same amount of energy, the voltage adjustment control unit includes a plurality of DC power supplies. When the sum of the voltages is higher than the output voltage, the voltage adjustment control is executed by controlling the DC voltage conversion by the power converter so that the second DC power supply is discharged while the first DC power supply is charged. To do.
- the voltage adjustment control unit includes a plurality of DC power supplies.
- the sum of the voltages is lower than the output voltage, power conversion is performed so that the charging power of the second DC power supply is higher than the charging power of the first DC power supply when regenerative power is supplied from the load.
- the voltage adjustment control is executed by controlling the DC voltage conversion by the detector.
- the voltage adjustment control unit when the voltage change amount of the second DC power supply is larger than the voltage change amount of the first DC power supply with respect to input / output of the same amount of energy, the voltage adjustment control unit includes a plurality of DC power supplies.
- the power converter When the sum of the voltages is higher than the output voltage, the power converter is configured such that when powering power is supplied to the load, the discharge power of the second DC power supply is higher than the discharge power of the first DC power supply.
- the voltage adjustment control is executed by controlling the direct-current voltage conversion by.
- control device further includes a mode selection unit.
- the mode selection unit further includes a mode selection unit for switching the operation mode to the series direct connection mode when the difference between the sum of the voltages of the plurality of DC power supplies and the output voltage becomes smaller than the determination value in the voltage control mode.
- the power supply system is mounted on the electric vehicle
- the load includes an electric motor for generating a vehicle driving force of the electric vehicle
- the voltage adjustment control unit controls the voltage adjustment according to the traveling state of the electric vehicle. Switching between execution and non-execution.
- the voltage adjustment control unit switches between execution and non-execution of the voltage adjustment control according to the prediction of the duration of the high-speed cruise when the electric vehicle is traveling at high speed.
- the voltage adjustment control unit executes the voltage adjustment control regardless of the traveling state of the electric vehicle when the sum of the voltages of the plurality of DC power supplies is higher than the output voltage.
- the plurality of switching elements include first to fourth switching elements.
- the first switching element is electrically connected between the first node and the power line.
- the second switching element is electrically connected between the second node and the first node.
- the third switching element is electrically connected between the third node and the second node that are electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second DC power supply.
- the fourth switching element is electrically connected between the negative terminal of the first DC power supply and the third node.
- the power converter further includes first and second reactors.
- the first reactor is electrically connected between the second node and the positive terminal of the first DC power supply.
- the second reactor is electrically connected between the first node and the positive terminal of the second DC power supply.
- the plurality of operation modes include first to third modes.
- the power converter operates so that the first and second DC power supplies perform DC voltage conversion in parallel with the power line by the on / off control of the first to fourth switching elements.
- the power converter performs DC voltage conversion between one DC power source of the first and second DC power sources and the power line by on / off control of the first to fourth switching elements.
- the power converter fixes the first to fourth switching elements on and off so as to maintain the first and second DC power supplies connected in series to the power line. Operate.
- the series direct connection mode is the third mode, and the voltage control mode is the first or second mode.
- the plurality of operation modes further include a fourth mode.
- the first and second DC power supplies are connected in series by fixing the third switching element on and controlling the first, second, and fourth switching elements on and off. In this state, it operates to execute DC voltage conversion with the power line.
- the voltage command value is set to a voltage higher than the sum of the voltages of the plurality of DC power supplies.
- the plurality of operation modes further include fifth and sixth modes.
- the power converter fixes the first to fourth switching elements on and off, and one of the first and second DC power supplies is electrically connected to the power line, The other of the second DC power supplies operates so as to maintain a state where it is electrically disconnected from the power line.
- the power converter fixes the first to fourth switching elements on and off, and maintains the state where the first and second DC power supplies are connected in parallel to the power line. Operate.
- the operation mode is improved so as to improve the efficiency of the entire system.
- the selection can be controlled.
- FIG. 4 is a chart for comparing the controllability of the power distribution ratio between the DC power sources in each operation mode shown in FIG. 3 and the settable range of the output voltage. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the definition of the voltage range of a load request voltage. It is a 1st conceptual diagram for demonstrating the characteristic of the loss of a power supply system with respect to the change of an output voltage.
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual operation waveform diagram showing an example of voltage adjustment control for increasing the sum of output voltages of a DC power supply. It is a 2nd conceptual diagram for demonstrating the characteristic of the loss of a power supply system with respect to the change of an output voltage.
- FIG. 1 It is a conceptual operation
- FIG. It is a functional block diagram for demonstrating the control structure of the power converter according to the operation command value from the converter command production
- FIG. 1 It is a conceptual operation
- FIG. It is a functional block diagram for demonstrating the control structure relevant to the electric power adjustment control by the power converter control according to this Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a functional block diagram
- FIG. 11 is a first functional block diagram for illustrating power converter control according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a second functional block diagram for illustrating power converter control according to the third embodiment. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the power flow in the power supply system in PB mode by the power converter control according to Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 11 is a first functional block diagram for illustrating power converter control according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a second functional block diagram for illustrating power converter control according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a power supply system including a power converter according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- power supply system 5 includes a plurality of DC power supplies 10a and 10b, a load 30, and a power converter 50.
- each of DC power supplies 10a and 10b is a secondary battery such as a lithium ion secondary battery or a nickel metal hydride battery, or a DC voltage excellent in output characteristics such as an electric double layer capacitor or a lithium ion capacitor. Consists of source elements.
- the power converter 50 is connected between the DC power supplies 10 a and 10 b and the power line 20.
- Power converter 50 controls a DC voltage (hereinafter also referred to as output voltage VH) on power line 20 connected to load 30 in accordance with voltage command value VH *. That is, the power line 20 is provided in common for the DC power supplies 10a and 10b.
- the load 30 operates by receiving the output voltage VH of the power converter 50.
- Voltage command value VH * is set to a voltage suitable for the operation of load 30.
- the load 30 may be configured to be able to generate charging power for the DC power supplies 10a and 10b by regenerative power generation or the like.
- the power converter 50 includes switching elements S1 to S4 and reactors L1 and L2.
- an IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
- a power MOS Metal Oxide Semiconductor
- a power bipolar transistor or the like can be used as the switching element.
- Anti-parallel diodes D1 to D4 are arranged for switching elements S1 to S4.
- the switching elements S1 to S4 can control on / off in response to the control signals SG1 to SG4, respectively.
- the switching elements S1 to S4 are turned on when the control signals SG1 to SG4 are at a high level (hereinafter, H level), and are turned off when the control signals SG1 to SG4 are at a low level (hereinafter, L level).
- Switching element S1 is electrically connected between power line 20 and node N1.
- Reactor L2 is connected between node N1 and the positive terminal of DC power supply 10b.
- Switching element S2 is electrically connected between nodes N1 and N2.
- Reactor L1 is connected between node N2 and the positive terminal of DC power supply 10a.
- Switching element S3 is electrically connected between nodes N2 and N3.
- Node N3 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of DC power supply 10b.
- Switching element S4 is electrically connected between node N3 and ground line 21.
- the ground wiring 21 is electrically connected to the load 30 and the negative terminal of the DC power supply 10a.
- the power converter 50 has a boost chopper circuit corresponding to each of the DC power supply 10a and the DC power supply 10b. That is, for DC power supply 10a, a current bidirectional first step-up chopper circuit having switching elements S1 and S2 as upper arm elements and switching elements S3 and S4 as lower arm elements is configured. Similarly, for the DC power supply 10b, a current bidirectional second step-up chopper circuit is configured with the switching elements S1 and S4 as upper arm elements and the switching elements S2 and S3 as lower arm elements. .
- the control device 40 is constituted by, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) (not shown) and an electronic control unit (ECU) with a built-in memory, and based on a map and a program stored in the memory, a detection value by each sensor is obtained. It is comprised so that the used arithmetic processing may be performed. Alternatively, at least a part of the control device 40 may be configured to execute predetermined numerical / logical operation processing by hardware such as an electronic circuit.
- a CPU Central Processing Unit
- ECU electronice control unit
- the control device 40 generates control signals SG1 to SG4 for controlling on / off of the switching elements S1 to S4 in order to control the output voltage VH to the load 30.
- Va voltage
- Ia current
- Vb voltage
- Ib current
- Ib output voltage
- Ta and Tb detectors
- switching elements S1 to S4 correspond to “first switching element” to “fourth switching element”, respectively, and reactors L1 and L2 correspond to “first reactor” and “second reactor”, respectively. Corresponds to “reactor” respectively.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of the load 30.
- load 30 is configured to include, for example, a traveling motor for an electric vehicle.
- Load 30 includes a smoothing capacitor CH, an inverter 32, a motor generator 35, a power transmission gear 36, and drive wheels 37.
- the motor generator 35 is a traveling motor for generating vehicle driving force, and is composed of, for example, a multi-phase permanent magnet type synchronous motor.
- the output torque of the motor generator 35 is transmitted to the drive wheels 37 via a power transmission gear 36 constituted by a speed reducer and a power split mechanism.
- the electric vehicle travels with the torque transmitted to the drive wheels 37.
- the motor generator 35 generates power by the rotational force of the drive wheels 37 during regenerative braking of the electric vehicle.
- This generated power is AC / DC converted by the inverter 32.
- This DC power can be used as charging power for DC power supplies 10 a and 10 b included in the power supply system 5.
- the electric vehicle comprehensively represents a vehicle equipped with the electric motor for traveling, and includes a hybrid vehicle that generates vehicle driving force by the engine and the electric motor, and an electric vehicle and a fuel cell vehicle not equipped with the engine. It includes both.
- the operation of the load 30 depends on the driving state of the electric vehicle (typically the vehicle speed) and the driver operation (typically the operation of the accelerator pedal and the brake pedal) or the required vehicle driving force or Control is performed to obtain a vehicle braking force. That is, an operation command for load 30 (for example, a torque command value for motor generator 35) is set by running control of the electric vehicle.
- the travel control is preferably executed by a host ECU separate from the control device 40 (FIG. 1).
- the power converter 50 has a plurality of operation modes in which DC power conversion modes between the DC power supplies 10a and 10b and the power line 20 are different.
- FIG. 3 shows a plurality of operation modes that the power converter 50 has.
- the operation mode includes “boost mode (B)” in which the output voltage of DC power supplies 10a and / or 10b is boosted in accordance with periodic on / off control of switching elements S1 to S4, and switching element S1.
- boost mode (B) in which the output voltage of DC power supplies 10a and / or 10b is boosted in accordance with periodic on / off control of switching elements S1 to S4, and switching element S1.
- D direct connection mode
- PB mode a “parallel boost mode” in which DC / DC conversion is performed in parallel between DC power supplies 10 a and 10 b and power line 20, DC power supplies 10 a and 10 b and power line 20 connected in series are performed.
- SB mode series boost mode for performing DC / DC conversion with the.
- the PB mode corresponds to the “parallel connection mode” in Patent Document 2
- the SB mode corresponds to the “series connection mode” in Patent Document 2.
- a “single mode by DC power source 10a (hereinafter referred to as aB mode)” for performing DC / DC conversion with the power line 20 using only the DC power source 10a, and a power line using only the DC power source 10b.
- “Single mode by DC power supply 10b (hereinafter referred to as bB mode)” that performs DC / DC conversion with 20 is included.
- the DC power supply 10b In the aB mode, as long as the output voltage VH is controlled to be higher than the voltage Vb of the DC power supply 10b, the DC power supply 10b is maintained in a state of being electrically disconnected from the power line 20 and is not used.
- the DC power supply 10a is maintained in an electrically disconnected state from the power line 20 and is not used.
- the output voltage VH of the power line 20 is controlled according to the voltage command value VH *. Control of the switching elements S1 to S4 in each of these modes will be described later.
- the “parallel direct connection mode” in which the DC power supplies 10 a and 10 b are connected in parallel to the power line 20 and the DC power supplies 10 a and 10 b in series with the power line 20 are connected.
- PD mode parallel direct connection mode
- SD mode Series direct connection mode
- the switching elements S1, S2, and S4 are fixed on, while the switching element S3 is fixed off.
- the output voltage VH becomes equal to the output voltages Va and Vb (strictly, the higher voltage of Va and Vb) of the DC power supplies 10a and 10b. Since the voltage difference between Va and Vb causes a short circuit current in the DC power supplies 10a and 10b, the PD mode can be applied only when the voltage difference is small.
- the switching elements S2 and S4 are fixed off, while the switching elements S1 and S3 are fixed on.
- direct connection mode of DC power supply 10a (hereinafter referred to as aD mode)” in which only DC power supply 10a is electrically connected to power line 20 and only DC power supply 10b is electrically connected to power line 20 “ "Direct connection mode (hereinafter referred to as bD mode) of DC power supply 10b”.
- the switching elements S1 and S2 are fixed on, while the switching elements S3 and S4 are fixed off.
- the DC power supply 10b is not used because it is kept electrically disconnected from the power line 20.
- Va> Vb is a necessary condition for applying the aD mode.
- the switching elements S1 and S4 are fixed on, while the switching elements S2 and S3 are fixed off.
- the DC power supply 10a is not used because it is kept disconnected from the power line 20.
- Va> Vb a short-circuit current is generated from the DC power supplies 10a to 10b via the diode D2. For this reason, Vb> Va is a necessary condition for applying the bD mode.
- the output voltage VH of the power line 20 is determined depending on the voltages Va and Vb of the DC power supplies 10a and 10b, and therefore must be directly controlled. Can not be. For this reason, in each mode included in the direct connection mode, the output voltage VH cannot be set to a voltage suitable for the operation of the load 30, so that the power loss in the load 30 may increase.
- the direct connection mode since the switching elements S1 to S4 are not turned on / off, the power loss of the power converter 50 is greatly suppressed. Therefore, depending on the operating state of the load 30, application of the direct connection mode increases the power loss reduction amount in the power converter 50 more than the power loss increase amount of the load 30, thereby reducing the power loss in the entire power supply system 5. There is a possibility that it can be suppressed.
- the SD mode corresponds to a “series direct connection mode” in the power converter 50
- each of the aB mode, the bB mode, and the PB mode corresponds to a “voltage control mode” in the power converter 50.
- the SD mode corresponds to the “first mode”
- the PB mode corresponds to the “second mode”
- the aB mode and the bB mode correspond to the “third mode”.
- the SB mode corresponds to the “fourth mode”
- the aD mode and the bD mode correspond to the “fifth mode”
- the PD mode corresponds to the “sixth mode”.
- FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of characteristics of both DC power supplies when the DC power supplies 10a and 10b are configured with different types of power supplies.
- FIG. 4 shows a so-called Ragon plot in which energy is plotted on the horizontal axis and power is plotted on the vertical axis.
- the output power and stored energy of a DC power supply are in a trade-off relationship, it is difficult to obtain a high output with a high-capacity battery, and it is difficult to increase the stored energy with a high-power battery.
- one of the DC power supplies 10a and 10b is constituted by a so-called high-capacity type power supply with high stored energy, while the other is constituted by a so-called high-output type power supply with high output power. It is preferable. In this way, the energy stored in the high-capacity power supply is used for a long period of time, while the high-power power supply is used as a buffer to output the shortage due to the high-capacity power supply. Can do.
- the DC power supply 10a is configured with a high-capacity power supply, while the DC power supply 10b is configured with a high-output power supply. Therefore, the operating range 110 of the DC power supply 10a has a narrower power output range than the operating range 120 of the DC power supply 10b. On the other hand, the energy range that can be stored in the operation region 120 is narrower than that in the operation region 110.
- High power is required for a short time at the operating point 101 of the load 30.
- the operating point 101 corresponds to a sudden acceleration due to a user's accelerator operation.
- the operating point 102 of the load 30 a relatively low power is required for a long time.
- the operating point 102 corresponds to continuous high speed steady running.
- the operating point 101 can be dealt with mainly by the output from the high-power DC power supply 10b.
- the operating point 102 can be dealt with mainly by the output from the high-capacity DC power supply 10a.
- the DC power source when the DC power source is constituted by a battery, there is a possibility that the output characteristics may be lowered at a low temperature, and charging / discharging may be restricted in order to suppress the progress of deterioration at a high temperature.
- a temperature difference may occur between the DC power supplies 10a and 10b due to a difference in mounting position. Therefore, in the power supply system 5, it is preferable to use only one of the DC power supplies in accordance with the operating state (particularly the temperature) of the DC power supplies 10a and 10b or according to the demand of the load 30 as described above. There are cases that are efficient. By providing a mode (aB mode, bB mode, aD mode, bD mode) that uses only one of the DC power supplies 10a, 10b as described above, these cases can be handled.
- any one of the plurality of operation modes shown in FIG. 3 is selected according to the operation state of DC power supplies 10a and 10b and / or load 30. Selected. Details of the process for selecting the operation mode will be described later.
- DC power supplies 10a and 10b are configured such that the amount of voltage change with respect to input / output of the same energy (power amount) is different.
- the DC power supply 10a is configured by a secondary battery
- the DC power supply 10b is configured by a capacitor having a smaller capacity (full charge capacity) than the secondary battery. Therefore, the following description will be made assuming that the voltage change amount of the DC power supply 10b is larger than the voltage change amount of the DC power supply 10a with respect to charging / discharging of the same electric energy. That is, the DC power supply 10a corresponds to a “first DC power supply”, and the DC power supply 10b corresponds to a “second DC power supply”.
- the DC power supplies 10a and 10b can be configured by DC power supplies of the same capacity and the same type. Even in such a case, the DC power supplies 10a and 10b can be configured such that when the unit unit connection mode (series / parallel) is changed, the amount of voltage change with respect to charge / discharge of the same amount of power is different.
- circuit operation in each operation mode Next, the circuit operation of the power converter 50 in each operation mode will be described. First, the circuit operation in the PB mode in which DC / DC conversion is performed in parallel between DC power supplies 10a and 10b and power line 20 will be described with reference to FIGS.
- DC power supplies 10 a and 10 b can be connected in parallel to power line 20 by turning on switching element S ⁇ b> 4 or S ⁇ b> 2.
- the equivalent circuit differs depending on the level of the voltage Va of the DC power supply 10a and the voltage Vb of the DC power supply 10b.
- the ON period and the OFF period of the lower arm element can be alternately formed by the ON / OFF control of the switching element S3.
- the ON and OFF periods of the lower arm element of the step-up chopper circuit can be alternately formed by controlling the switching elements S2 and S3 in common.
- the switching element S1 operates as a switch that controls regeneration from the load 30.
- the ON period and the OFF period of the lower arm element can be alternately formed by the ON / OFF control of the switching element S3.
- the switching elements S3 and S4 are commonly controlled to be turned on / off, whereby the on period and the off period of the lower arm element of the boost chopper circuit can be alternately formed.
- the switching element S1 operates as a switch that controls regeneration from the load 30.
- FIG. 7 shows DC / DC conversion (step-up operation) for the DC power supply 10a in the PB mode.
- a current path 350 for storing energy in reactor L1 is formed by turning on a pair of switching elements S3 and S4 and turning off a pair of switching elements S1 and S2. . Thereby, a state is formed in which the lower arm element of the boost chopper circuit is turned on.
- a step-up chopper circuit having a pair of switching elements S1 and S2 equivalently as an upper arm element and a pair of switching elements S3 and S4 equivalently as a lower arm element is configured for the DC power supply 10a.
- the DC power supplies 10a and 10b are non-interfering with each other. That is, it is possible to independently control power input / output to / from DC power supplies 10a and 10b.
- FIG. 8 shows DC / DC conversion (step-up operation) for the DC power supply 10b in the PB mode.
- a step-up chopper circuit having a pair of switching elements S1 and S4 equivalently as an upper arm element and a pair of switching elements S2 and S3 equivalently as a lower arm element is configured for the DC power supply 10b.
- DC power supplies 10a and 10b are non-interfering with each other. That is, it is possible to independently control power input / output to / from DC power supplies 10a and 10b.
- VH 1 / (1-Db) ⁇ Vb (2)
- the switching elements S1 to S4 have a current caused by DC / DC conversion between the DC power supply 10a and the power line 20, and the DC power supply 10b and the power line 20 connected to each other. Both currents due to DC / DC conversion flow between them.
- FIG. 9 shows a waveform diagram for explaining an example of the control operation of the switching element in the PB mode.
- FIG. 9 shows an example in which the carrier wave CWa used for the PWM control of the DC power supply 10a and the carrier wave CWb used for the PWM control of the DC power supply 10b have the same frequency and the same phase.
- Control voltage control
- the other outputs of the DC power supplies 10a and 10b can be controlled (current control) so as to compensate for the current deviation between the currents Ia and Ib.
- the current control command value Ia * or Ib *
- a control pulse signal SDa is generated based on a voltage comparison between the duty ratio Da for controlling the output of the DC power supply 10a and the carrier wave CWa.
- control pulse signal SDb is generated based on a comparison between duty ratio Db for controlling the output of DC power supply 10b and carrier wave CWb.
- Control pulse signals / SDa and / SDb are inverted signals of control pulse signals SDa and SDb.
- control signals SG1 to SG4 are set based on the logical operation of the control pulse signals SDa (/ SDa) and SDb (/ SDb).
- Switching element S1 forms an upper arm element in each of the step-up chopper circuits of FIG. 7 and FIG. Therefore, control signal SG1 for controlling on / off of switching element S1 is generated by the logical sum of control pulse signals / SDa and / SDb.
- the switching element S1 realizes both functions of the upper arm element of the boost chopper circuit (DC power supply 10a) in FIG. 7 and the upper arm element of the boost chopper circuit (DC power supply 10b) in FIG. ON / OFF controlled.
- Switching element S2 forms an upper arm element in the boost chopper circuit of FIG. 7, and forms a lower arm element in the boost chopper circuit of FIG. Therefore, control signal SG2 for controlling on / off of switching element S2 is generated by the logical sum of control pulse signals / SDa and SDb.
- the switching element S2 realizes both functions of the upper arm element of the boost chopper circuit (DC power supply 10a) in FIG. 7 and the lower arm element of the boost chopper circuit (DC power supply 10b) in FIG. ON / OFF controlled.
- the control signal SG3 of the switching element S3 is generated by the logical sum of the control pulse signals SDa and SDb.
- the switching element S3 realizes both functions of the lower arm element of the boost chopper circuit (DC power supply 10a) in FIG. 7 and the lower arm element of the boost chopper circuit (DC power supply 10b) in FIG. ON / OFF controlled.
- the control signal SG4 of the switching element S4 is generated by a logical sum of the control pulse signals SDa and / SDb.
- the switching element S4 realizes both functions of the lower arm element of the boost chopper circuit (DC power supply 10a) of FIG. 7 and the upper arm element of the boost chopper circuit (DC power supply 10b) of FIG. ON / OFF controlled.
- the switching elements S2 and S4 are complementarily turned on and off. Accordingly, the operation when Vb> Va shown in FIG. 5 and the operation when Va> Vb shown in FIG. 6 are naturally switched. Furthermore, DC power conversion according to the duty ratios Da and Db can be executed for the DC power supplies 10a and 10b by turning on and off the switching elements S1 and S3 in a complementary manner.
- control signals SG1 to SG4 are generated based on control pulse signals SDa (/ SDa) and SDb (/ SDb) in accordance with the logical operation expression shown in FIG.
- control signals SG1-SG4 By turning on / off switching elements S1-S4 according to control signals SG1-SG4, current I (L1) flowing through reactor L1 and current I (L2) flowing through reactor L2 are controlled.
- the current I (L1) corresponds to the current Ia of the DC power supply 10a
- the current I (L2) corresponds to the current Ib of the DC power supply 10b.
- the DC / DC conversion for inputting / outputting the DC power in parallel between the DC power supplies 10a, 10b and the power line 20 is executed, and then the output voltage VH is controlled to the voltage command value VH *. be able to. Furthermore, the input / output power of the DC power supply can be controlled according to the current command value of the DC power supply that is the target of current control.
- the voltages Va and Vb can be adjusted by separately controlling the charge levels of the DC power supplies 10a and 10b as well as the voltage control of the output voltage VH accompanied by the input and output of the total power PH.
- output power Pa, Pb, total power PH, and load power PL are expressed as positive values when the DC power supplies 10a, 10b are discharged and when the load 30 is in a powering operation.
- the electric power value at the time of charging 10b and the regenerative operation of the load 30 is expressed by a negative value.
- circuit operation in aB mode and bB mode The circuit operation in the boost mode (aB mode, bB mode) using only one of the DC power supplies 10a, 10b is common to the circuit operations in FIGS.
- the DC power supply 10b is not used by the switching operation shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, while bidirectional DC / DC between the DC power supply 10a and the power line 20 (load 30). Conversion is performed. Therefore, in the aB mode, switching elements S1 to S4 are controlled in accordance with control pulse signal SDa based on duty ratio Da for controlling the output of DC power supply 10a.
- switching elements S3 and S4 constituting the lower arm element of the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B are commonly turned on / off according to the control pulse signal SDa.
- switching elements S1 and S2 constituting the upper arm element of the step-up chopper circuit are commonly turned on / off in accordance with control pulse signal / SDa.
- the DC power supply 10a is not used by the switching operation shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, while the DC power supply 10b and the power line 20 (load 30) are bidirectional. DC / DC conversion is performed. Therefore, in the bB mode, switching elements S1 to S4 are controlled in accordance with control pulse signal SDb based on duty ratio Db for controlling the output of DC power supply 10b.
- switching elements S2 and S3 constituting the lower arm element of the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B are commonly controlled on / off according to the control pulse signal SDb.
- switching elements S1 and S4 constituting the upper arm element of the step-up chopper circuit are commonly turned on / off in accordance with control pulse signal / SDb.
- the voltage of one of the DC power supplies 10a or 10b to be used can be adjusted by controlling the power converter 50.
- each of the PD mode, the SD mode, the aD mode, and the bD mode can be realized by fixing ON / OFF of the switching elements S1 to S4 according to FIG.
- the DC power supplies 10a and 10b can be connected in series to the power line 20 by fixing the switching element S3 on.
- An equivalent circuit at this time is shown in FIG. 11A.
- the switching elements S2 and S4 are commonly turned on / off between the DC power supplies 10a and 10b connected in series and the power line 20, thereby lowering the boost chopper circuit.
- the on period and the off period of the arm element can be alternately formed.
- the switching element S1 operates as a switch that controls regeneration from the load 30 by being turned on during the off period of the switching elements S2 and S4.
- the wiring 15 that connects the reactor L1 to the switching element S4 is equivalently formed by the switching element S3 that is fixed on.
- switching element S3 is fixed on to connect DC power supplies 10a and 10b in series, while a pair of switching elements S2 and S4 is turned on and switching element S1 is turned off. .
- current paths 370 and 371 for storing energy in reactors L1 and L2 are formed.
- a state in which the lower arm element of the boost chopper circuit is turned on is formed for the DC power supplies 10a and 10b connected in series.
- the relationship expressed by the following equation (3) is established among the voltage Va of the DC power supply 10a, the voltage Vb of the DC power supply 10b, and the output voltage VH of the power line 20.
- the duty ratio in the first period when the pair of switching elements S2 and S4 is turned on is Dc.
- VH 1 / (1-Dc). (Va + Vb) (3)
- Va and Vb are different, or when the inductances of reactors L1 and L2 are different, the current values of reactors L1 and L2 at the end of the operation in FIG. Accordingly, immediately after the transition to the operation of FIG. 12B, when the current of reactor L1 is larger, a difference current flows through current path 373. On the other hand, when the current of reactor L2 is larger, a difference current flows through current path 374.
- FIG. 13 shows a waveform diagram for explaining an example of the control operation of the switching element in the SB mode.
- DC / DC conversion between the DC voltage (Va + Vb) and the output voltage VH is executed by the boost chopper circuit shown in FIG.
- control signals SG1 to SG4 can be set based on the logical operation of the control pulse signal SDc (/ SDc).
- the control pulse signal SDc is used as the control signals SG2 and SG4 of the pair of switching elements S2 and S4 constituting the lower arm element of the boost chopper circuit.
- control signal SG1 of switching element S1 constituting the upper arm element of the boost chopper circuit is obtained by control pulse signal / SDc.
- the SB mode bidirectional DC / DC conversion is performed with the power line 20 (load 30) in a state where the DC power supplies 10a and 10b are connected in series. Therefore, the output power Pa of the DC power supply 10a and the output power Pb of the DC power supply 10b cannot be directly controlled. That is, the ratio of the output powers Pa and Pb of the DC power supplies 10a and 10b is automatically determined according to the following equation (4) according to the ratio of the voltages Va and Vb.
- Pa: Pb Va: Vb (4) It is the same as in the PB mode that power is input to and output from the load 30 by the sum (Pa + Pb) of output power from the DC power supplies 10a and 10b.
- FIG. 15 shows controllability of power distribution between the DC power supplies 10a and 10b and the settable range of the output voltage VH in each operation mode shown in FIG.
- the power distribution ratio k between DC power supplies 10a and 10b can be controlled by setting a current command value in a DC power supply that is a current control target.
- the output voltage VH can be controlled within a range from max (Va, Vb) which is the maximum value of the voltages Va and Vb to an upper limit voltage VHmax which is the control upper limit value of the output voltage VH.
- the output powers Pa and Pb of the DC power supplies 10a and 10b can be controlled independently. Can not. Further, the output voltage VH cannot be set lower than (Va + Vb). In the SB mode, the output voltage VH can be controlled within a range from (Va + Vb) to the upper limit voltage VHmax (Va + Vb ⁇ VH ⁇ VHmax).
- the power distribution ratio k is fixed at 1.0. Then, the output voltage VH is controlled within a range from max (Va, Vb) to the upper limit voltage VHmax by controlling the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIG. 8 based on the duty ratio Da of Expression (1). (Max (Va, Vb) ⁇ VH ⁇ VHmax).
- the power distribution ratio k is fixed at 0. Then, by controlling the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIG. 8 based on the duty ratio Db of Expression (2), the output voltage VH can be controlled within a range from max (Va, Vb) to VHmax ( max (Va, Vb) ⁇ VH ⁇ VHmax).
- the DC power supplies 10a and 10b are connected to the power line 20 in parallel.
- the power distribution ratio k is uniquely determined depending on the internal resistances of the DC power supplies 10a and 10b, the output powers Pa and Pb of the DC power supplies 10a and 10b cannot be controlled independently.
- k Rb / (Ra + Rb).
- the PD mode can be applied only when the voltage difference between the voltages Va and Vb is small.
- the range of the output voltage VH that can be output by the power converter 50 is different in each operation mode. Further, as described above, in the PB mode, the power distribution between the DC power supplies 10a and 10b can be controlled, so that the voltages Va and Vb can be adjusted simultaneously with the control of the output voltage VH. On the other hand, in other SB mode, SD mode, aB mode, bB mode, aD mode, bD mode, and PD mode, power distribution between DC power supplies 10a and 10b cannot be arbitrarily controlled.
- the output voltage VH supplied to the load 30 needs to be set to a certain voltage or higher according to the operating state of the load 30.
- the output voltage VH corresponding to the DC link side voltage of the inverter 32 is a coil winding (not shown) of the motor generator 35. It is necessary to be higher than the induced voltage generated in (1).
- the torque range that can be output by the motor generator 35 changes according to the output voltage VH. Specifically, when the output voltage VH is increased, the torque that can be output also increases. Therefore, for example, output voltage VH needs to be within a voltage range in which motor generator 35 can output a torque corresponding to a torque command value determined by running control of the electric vehicle.
- the load minimum voltage corresponding to the minimum value of the output voltage VH for operating the load 30 according to the operating state of the load 30 (in the configuration example of FIG. 2, the torque and the rotational speed of the motor generator 35).
- VHmin can be predetermined. Therefore, the required load voltage VHrq can be determined in correspondence with the minimum load voltage VHmin.
- the current phase when the same torque is output varies depending on the DC link voltage (output voltage VH) of the inverter 32. Further, the ratio of the output torque to the current amplitude in the motor generator 35, that is, the motor efficiency changes according to the current phase. Therefore, when the torque command value of motor generator 35 is set, the optimum current phase at which the efficiency at motor generator 35 is maximized, that is, the power loss at motor generator 35 is minimized, corresponding to the torque command value. And an output voltage VH for realizing the optimum current phase can be determined. In the present embodiment, it is preferable that load request voltage VHrq is determined in consideration of the efficiency at load 30.
- VH ⁇ VHrq can be realized depending on the range of the required load voltage VHrq set in accordance with the operation state of the load 30, that is, the applicable operation modes are different.
- FIG. 16 shows the definition of the voltage range VR1 to VR3 of the load request voltage VHrq.
- FIG. 17 shows a chart for explaining the selection of the operation mode in each voltage range.
- load request voltage VHrq is in any of voltage ranges VR1 (VHrq ⁇ max (Va, Vb), VR2 (max (Va, Vb) ⁇ VHrq ⁇ Va + Vb), and VR3 (Va + Vb ⁇ VHrq ⁇ VHmax)). Is set.
- the output voltage VH can be controlled according to the voltage command value VH * as long as it is within the range of max (Va, Vb) to VHmax.
- the output voltage VH cannot be controlled lower than (Va + Vb). That is, the output voltage VH can be controlled according to the voltage command value VH * as long as it is within the range of (Va + Vb) to VHmax.
- the aB mode, bB mode, and PB mode can be selected in light of the controllable range of the output voltage VH in each operation mode described above.
- the aD mode, bD mode, and PD mode cannot be applied.
- the SD mode satisfies the condition of VH ⁇ VHrq, it can be applied in the voltage range VR2.
- the PB mode, SB mode, aB mode, bB mode, and PB mode are selected as applicable operation mode groups in light of the controllable range of the output voltage VH in each operation mode described above.
- the PB mode, SB mode, aB mode, bB mode, and PB mode are selected as applicable operation mode groups in light of the controllable range of the output voltage VH in each operation mode described above.
- VH * VHrq.
- each direct connection mode (aD mode, bD mode, PD mode, and SD mode) cannot be applied.
- selectable operation modes differ depending on the relationship between the output voltage VH (VH ⁇ VHrq) related to the load required voltage VHrq and the voltages Va and Vb.
- the operation mode is preferably selected so as to suppress the loss of the entire power supply system 5.
- FIG. 17 shows a first conceptual diagram for explaining the characteristics of the loss of the power supply system with respect to the change of the output voltage VH.
- FIG. 17 shows the characteristics of the loss of the power supply system with respect to the change of the output voltage VH under the same operating point of the load 30 (the rotation speed and torque of the motor generator 35), that is, the load power PL is the same.
- power loss of power converter 50 (hereinafter also referred to as converter loss Pcv) is suppressed by application of aD mode, bD mode, or PD mode in the voltage range of VH ⁇ Va or VH ⁇ Vb.
- aD mode bD mode
- PD mode power loss of power converter 50
- the converter loss Pcv decreases specifically due to the application of the SD mode.
- the SB mode can be applied, but the converter loss Pcv increases as the output voltage VH increases.
- the converter loss Pcv can be suppressed as compared with the case of applying the PB mode, the aB mode, and the bB mode.
- the converter loss Pcv in the SB mode is larger than the converter loss Pcv when the SD mode is used.
- the total loss Ptl corresponds to the sum of the converter loss Pcv and the load loss Pld.
- power converter 50 combines output voltage control for controlling output voltage VH according to voltage command value VH * and voltage adjustment control for matching voltage Va + Vb with voltage command value VH *.
- DC / DC power conversion is controlled.
- VH * (VHrq)> Va + Vb voltage adjustment control is executed so as to increase Va + Vb toward VH *.
- FIG. 18 shows an operation waveform example of voltage adjustment control for increasing Va + Vb.
- Va + Vb is lower than output voltage VH controlled according to VH *. Therefore, in order to apply the SD mode which is advantageous in terms of efficiency, voltage adjustment control is started from time tx.
- the voltage adjustment control is executed so that Va + Vb matches VH (VH *) by increasing or decreasing the voltage Vb.
- VH * VH
- voltage adjustment control is executed such that the voltage Vb increases due to charging of the DC power supply 10b.
- the voltage adjustment control is executed mainly by power circulation between the DC power supplies 10a and 10b, that is, by charging the DC power supply 10b with the output power of the DC power supply 10a. Since the increase amount of the voltage Vb due to the charging of the DC power supply 10b is larger than the decrease amount of the voltage Va due to the discharge of the DC power supply 10a, the voltage Va + Vb increases more than before the execution of the voltage adjustment control.
- FIG. 18 shows an operation example of voltage adjustment control mainly including power circulation control, but power regeneration is involved during the regenerative operation of the load 30 (that is, PH ⁇ 0, PL ⁇ 0). It is also possible to execute voltage adjustment control for increasing Va + Vb by charging the DC power supply 10b with priority.
- the voltage adjustment control can be executed so that the DC power supply 10b is charged by both the output power from the DC power supply 10a and the regenerative power from the load. is there.
- the voltage adjustment control can be executed by selecting only the DC power supply 10b as a charging target of regenerative power from the load 30 by selecting the bB mode.
- FIG. 19 shows a second conceptual diagram for explaining the characteristics of the loss of the power supply system with respect to the change of the output voltage VH. Also in FIG. 19, as in FIG. 17, the operating point of the load 30 (the rotation speed and torque of the motor generator 35), that is, the loss of the power supply system with respect to the change in the output voltage VH under the same load power PL. Characteristics are shown.
- VH VHrq.
- VH * (VHrq) ⁇ Va + Vb as in the example of FIG. 19 the voltage adjustment control is executed so as to decrease Va + Vb toward VH *.
- FIG. 20 shows an example of an operation waveform of voltage adjustment control for reducing Va + Vb.
- Va + Vb is higher than output voltage VH controlled according to VH *. Therefore, in order to apply the SD mode which is advantageous in terms of efficiency, voltage adjustment control is started from time tx.
- the voltage adjustment control is executed so that the voltage Vb decreases by discharging the DC power supply 10b.
- the voltage adjustment control is performed mainly by charging the DC power supply 10a with the output power of the DC power supply 10b mainly by power circulation between the DC power supplies 10a and 10b. Is executed. Since the decrease amount of the voltage Vb due to the discharge of the DC power supply 10b with a large voltage change is larger than the increase amount of the voltage Va due to the charging of the DC power supply 10a with a small voltage change, the voltage Va + Vb is higher than before the execution of the voltage adjustment control. Also decreases.
- FIG. 20 shows an operation example of voltage adjustment control mainly including power circulation control.
- the output power from the DC power supply 10b is made larger than the load power PL (Pb> PL), so that the load power PL is supplied with power circulation for charging the DC power supply 10a.
- it is also possible to execute the voltage adjustment control by supplying the load power PL only by the DC power supply 10b by selecting the bB mode.
- FIG. 21 is a functional block diagram for illustrating a control configuration related to power adjustment control by power converter control according to the first embodiment. 21 is assumed to be realized by hardware and / or software processing by the control device 40.
- VHrq setting unit 610 sets required load voltage VHrq according to the operating state of load 30.
- the load request voltage VHrq can be determined based on the rotation speed and torque of the motor generator 35.
- the load request voltage VHrq can be set using the operation state (vehicle speed, accelerator opening, etc.) of the electric vehicle on which the motor generator 35 is mounted as the operation state of the load 30.
- the operation mode selection unit 600 operates based on the load request voltage VHrq and the load power command value PL * obtained according to the operation state of the load 30 and the operation states (power supply states) of the DC power supplies 10a and 10b. Select.
- the operation mode selection unit 600 generates a mode selection signal MD indicating the operation mode selection result.
- the load power command value PL * corresponds to the load power PL when the load 30 operates according to the operation command.
- load power command value PL * can be obtained from the rotational speed of motor generator 35 and the torque command value.
- Converter command generation unit 700 generates voltage command value VH * based on mode selection signal MD and load request voltage VHrq.
- Converter command generation unit 700 further includes load power command value PL *, mode selection signal MD, circulating power value Pr, voltage adjustment flag Fvb, power upper limit values Pamax and Pbmax, and power lower limit values Pamin and Pbmin. Is set to the power command value Pa * of the DC power supply 10a to be current controlled.
- the voltage adjustment control unit 710 generates a voltage adjustment flag Fvb indicating whether or not the voltage adjustment control is necessary based on the voltages Va and Vb of the DC power supplies 10a and 10b and the voltage command value VH *.
- the voltage adjustment flag Fvb is turned on when the voltage adjustment control is executed, and is turned off when the voltage adjustment control is not executed. Further, the voltage adjustment control unit 710 sets a circulating power value Pr for power circulation in accordance with the execution and non-execution of the voltage adjustment control.
- the circulating power value Pr is set in order to adjust the voltage of the DC power source 10b whose voltage is likely to change by shifting the power balance between the DC power sources 10a and 10b or causing power circulation.
- the circulating power value Pr is set to a positive value
- the power Pa of the DC power supply 10a is shifted in the positive direction (discharge direction), while the power Pb of the DC power supply 10b is shifted in the negative direction (charging direction).
- the positive value of Pr> 0 is set.
- the circulating power value Pr is set to a negative value
- the power Pa is shifted in the negative direction
- the power Pb is shifted in the positive direction. Therefore, when the voltage of the DC power supply 10b is lowered, the negative value of Pr ⁇ 0 is set.
- Pr 0 is set.
- the power upper limit setting unit 720 sets the power upper limit Pamax and Pbmax based on the state of the DC power supplies 10a and 10b.
- Each power upper limit value indicates the upper limit value of the discharge power, and is set to 0 or positive. When the power upper limit value is set to 0, it means that discharging from the DC power supply is prohibited.
- power upper limit Pamax can be set based on SOCa and temperature Ta of DC power supply 10a.
- power upper limit value Pbmax can also be set based on the state of DC power supply 10b (SOCb, Tb, Ib, Vb).
- the power lower limit setting unit 730 sets the power lower limit values Pamin and Pbmin based on the state of the DC power supplies 10a and 10b.
- Each power lower limit value indicates the upper limit value of the charging power, and is set to 0 or negative. When the power lower limit value is set to 0, it means that charging of the DC power supply is prohibited.
- power lower limit Pamin is set based on SOCa and temperature Ta of DC power supply 10a.
- power lower limit value Pbmin can also be set based on the state (SOCb, Tb, Ib, Vb) of DC power supply 10b.
- the operation command for the load 30 is limited so that the load power command value PL * falls within the range of PHmin ⁇ PL * ⁇ PHmax.
- the load 30 can be operated without overcharging and overdischarging the DC power supplies 10a and 10b.
- FIG. 22 is a functional block diagram for illustrating a control configuration of power converter 50 according to the operation command value from converter command generation unit 700.
- duty ratio calculation unit 300 includes power Pa (voltage Va, current Ia) of DC power supply 10 a and power command value Pa * and voltage command value VH * set by converter command generation unit 700.
- Duty ratios Da and Db in equations (1) and (2) are calculated by feedback control of output voltage VH.
- the duty by feedback control of the current Ia is set.
- the power Pa can be controlled to the power command value Pa *.
- the output voltage VH can be controlled to the voltage command value VH * by calculating the duty ratio Db by feedback control of the output voltage VH.
- the PWM control unit 400 controls the switching elements S1 to S4 by pulse width modulation control based on the duty ratios Da and Db set by the duty ratio calculation unit 300 and the carrier waves CWa and CWb from the carrier wave generation unit 410. Signals SG1 to SG4 are generated. Since pulse width modulation control and generation of control signals SG1 to SG4 by PWM control unit 400 are performed in the same manner as described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10, detailed description thereof will not be repeated.
- the output voltage VH can be feedback controlled to the voltage command value VH *
- the power Pa of the DC power supply 10a can be feedback controlled to the power command value Pa *
- operation mode selection unit 600 basically selects an operation mode according to the state of load 30 (VHreq, PL *) and the state of DC power supplies 10a, 10b.
- Converter command generation unit 700 sets voltage command value VH * according to the operation mode. Basically, in PB mode, SB mode, aB mode, and bB mode in which output voltage control by switching control is executed, voltage command value VH * is set according to load request voltage VHrq. On the other hand, in the SD mode, PD mode, aD mode and bB mode, as shown in FIG. 3, the output voltage VH is uniquely determined by the voltages Va and / or Vb. Therefore, in these direct connection modes, voltage command value VH * can be set to a voltage value according to voltages Va and / or Vb in each mode.
- converter command generation unit 700 can control the power distribution ratio between DC power supplies 10a and 10b by appropriately setting power command value Pa * in the PB mode.
- the power distribution ratio is preferably set so that the power loss of power converter 50 and DC power supplies 10a, 10b is low according to the state of DC power supplies 10a, 10b and the load power (PL *).
- the voltage adjustment control unit 710 controls on / off of the voltage adjustment flag Fvb based on the comparison between the voltage Va + Vb and the voltage command value VH *. For example, the voltage adjustment flag Fvb is turned on when the voltage difference (
- the determination value Vt is set so that it can be detected that Va + Vb and VH * are substantially coincident.
- the voltage adjustment flag Fvb is generated so as to further include information on the level of Va + Vb and VH * by being configured with a plurality of bits. That is, the voltage adjustment flag Fvb indicates whether to execute voltage adjustment control for increasing Va + Vb (when Va + Vb ⁇ VH *) or voltage adjustment control for decreasing Va + Vb (when Va + Vb> VH *). It shall be possible.
- the execution and non-execution of the voltage adjustment control can be controlled by further combining the state of the load 30 or the DC power supplies 10a and 10b in addition to the voltage difference between Va + Vb and VH *. For example, by allowing the execution of the voltage adjustment control only when the predetermined condition is satisfied, the voltage adjustment control can be disabled regardless of the voltage difference when the predetermined condition is not satisfied.
- the predetermined condition can be arbitrarily set, for example, when the load 30 includes the motor generator 35 of the electric vehicle, it is preferable to permit execution of the voltage adjustment control according to the traveling state of the electric vehicle. . Moreover, it is preferable not to execute the voltage adjustment control even when the voltage difference between Va + Vb and VH * is too large.
- operation mode selection unit 600 and converter command generation unit 700 When voltage adjustment control is not executed, that is, when voltage adjustment flag Fvb is off, operation mode selection unit 600 and converter command generation unit 700 perform mode selection signal MD, voltage command value VH *, and voltage command value VH * according to the above basic control.
- a power command value Pa * (PB mode) is generated.
- the operation mode selection unit 600 basically selects the PB mode in order to control power distribution between the DC power supplies 10a and 10b when the voltage adjustment control is executed (when the voltage adjustment flag is turned on).
- Converter command generation unit 700 sets power command value Pa * so as to promote charging of DC power supply 10b when executing voltage adjustment control for increasing Va + Vb in the PB mode.
- the power command value Pa * is set so as to be shifted to the discharge side compared to when the voltage adjustment control is not executed.
- the electric power command value Pa * is set within a range of Pamin ⁇ Pa * ⁇ Pamax.
- the DC power supply 10b is preferentially charged by setting the power command value Pa * so as to reduce the ratio of Pa * to PL *.
- the voltage Vb + Vb can be increased.
- the voltage Vb of the DC power supply 10b can be quickly increased with the power circulation.
- Converter command generation unit 700 sets power command value Pa * so as to promote discharge of DC power supply 10b when performing voltage adjustment control for reducing Va + Vb in the PB mode.
- the power command value Pa * is set to be shifted to the charging side as compared to when the voltage adjustment control is not executed.
- the power command value Pa * is always set within the range of Pamin ⁇ Pa * ⁇ Pamax.
- the power command value Pa * is set so as to reduce the ratio of Pa * to PL *, whereby the DC power supply 10b is discharged intensively, whereby the voltage Vb + Vb Can be reduced. Furthermore, by setting Pa * ⁇ 0 according to the circulating power value Pr, the voltage Vb of the DC power supply 10b can be quickly lowered with the power circulation.
- the converter command generation unit 700 can select the bB mode when performing the voltage adjustment control without using the DC power supply 10a.
- the change direction (up / down) of Va + Vb is determined by the load power command value PL * and the voltage command value VH *.
- the voltage adjustment control for increasing Va + Vb can be executed only during the regenerative operation of the load 30 (PL * ⁇ 0) or when the output voltage VH is decreased (VH> VH *).
- the voltage adjustment control for decreasing Va + Vb can be executed only when the load 30 is in the powering operation (PL *> 0) or when the output voltage VH is increasing (VH ⁇ VH *).
- voltage adjustment control for changing Va + Vb toward VH * can also be executed by increasing or decreasing the voltage Va by selecting the aB mode.
- the ab mode is selected and the voltage Va of the DC power supply 10a is set to
- the voltage adjustment control may be executed by changing the voltage.
- the voltage adjustment control is efficiently executed by changing the voltage Vb preferentially in normal times. it can.
- the output voltage control for controlling the output voltage VH according to the voltage command value VH * set according to the load state, and the DC power supplies 10a and 10b.
- the power converter 50 can be controlled so as to be combined with voltage adjustment control for making the sum of the voltages (Va + Vb) coincide with the voltage command value VH *.
- the voltage adjustment control can be efficiently executed by changing the voltage of the DC power supply 10b having a large voltage change in a direction that matches the voltage command value VH *.
- the SD mode (series direct connection mode) in which the loss of the power converter 50 is suppressed can be applied at the output voltage VH corresponding to the load state.
- the selection of the operation mode can be controlled so as to improve the efficiency of the entire power supply system.
- Va + Vb can be quickly matched with the voltage command value VH * by combining power circulation between the DC power supplies 10a and 10b.
- power circulation it is possible to execute voltage adjustment control so as to change Va + Vb in an arbitrary direction regardless of whether the load power PL is positive or negative (powering / regeneration).
- FIG. 23 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a high-speed traveling pattern of an electric vehicle.
- the electric vehicle starts traveling from time t1 and enters a high-speed cruise state in which high-speed traveling at a substantially constant vehicle speed is continued from time t2.
- traveling at a speed equivalent to that at times t2 to t3 continues after time t3. That is, in the traveling pattern PT1, the high speed cruise is continued for a long time. For example, the travel pattern PT1 appears when traveling on a highway for a long time.
- the travel pattern PT2 shown by the solid line in FIG. 23 the high-speed cruise is terminated at time t3 and traveling with acceleration / deceleration is performed. For this reason, the travel pattern PT2 indicates a travel situation in which the high-speed cruise is completed in a relatively short time after the start of the high-speed travel.
- the high-speed traveling of the electric vehicle is classified into one of the traveling patterns PT1 and PT2 depending on the duration of the high-speed cruise.
- the SOCb is expressed by the following equation (5).
- the traveling pattern PT1 in which high-speed cruise is continued for a long time it is important to increase energy efficiency in high-speed cruise. That is, the merit of improving the energy efficiency in high-speed cruise by applying the voltage adjustment control exceeds the demerit of reducing the recovery amount of regenerative energy by increasing Vb by the voltage adjustment control.
- FIG. 24 is a functional block diagram for illustrating a control configuration related to power adjustment control by power converter control according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 24 is compared with FIG. 19, and in the control configuration according to the second embodiment, a travel pattern prediction unit 750 is further provided.
- the travel pattern prediction unit 750 acquires travel information for predicting the travel pattern by map information and traffic jam information in the navigation system, learning based on the accumulated past travel history, or the like.
- the traveling pattern prediction unit 750 generates a voltage adjustment permission flag Fpt based on the acquired traveling information.
- the voltage adjustment permission flag Fpt is turned on when it is a traveling situation to which the voltage adjustment control is to be applied, and is turned off when it is not a traveling situation to which the voltage adjustment control is to be applied.
- the travel pattern predicting unit 750 predicts which of the travel patterns PT1 and PT2 will travel. Traveling pattern prediction unit 750 turns on voltage adjustment permission flag Fpt when traveling pattern PT1 is predicted, and turns off voltage adjustment permission flag Fpt when traveling pattern PT2 is predicted.
- the voltage adjustment control unit 710 generates a voltage adjustment flag Fvb based on the voltage adjustment permission flag Fpt from the travel pattern prediction unit 750. Specifically, when the voltage adjustment permission flag Fpt is on, the voltage adjustment control unit 710 determines the voltage difference (
- the flag Fcr instructing the voltage adjustment control with power circulation and the traveling load without power circulation that is, A flag Fpl for instructing voltage adjustment control using load power accompanying power running or regeneration
- Flags Fcr and Fpl are reflected in the operation mode selection in operation mode selection unit 600 and the setting of power command value Pa * by converter command generation unit 700.
- FIG. 25 is a flowchart for explaining the voltage adjustment control process that reflects the voltage adjustment permission flag Fpt according to the driving situation.
- the control process shown in FIG. 25 is realized by the control device 40 executing a program stored in advance.
- control device 40 determines whether or not voltage adjustment permission flag Fpt is on in step S100. When voltage adjustment permission flag Fpt is on (YES in S100), the process proceeds to step S120.
- step S120 the control device 40 turns on the voltage adjustment control according to the voltage difference between Va + Vb and VH *. That is, the voltage adjustment flag Fvb is turned on when
- the control device 40 selectively sets the voltage adjustment method according to the running state and the voltage relationship in step S130 when executing the voltage adjustment control.
- FIG. 26 shows a chart for explaining the selective setting of the voltage adjustment method in the voltage adjustment control.
- the voltage adjustment method is selected according to the relationship between voltage Va + Vb and voltage command value VH * and whether the electric vehicle is accelerating or decelerating.
- the DC power supply 10b can be discharged by supplying load electric power (PL> 0). That is, when VH ⁇ Va + Vb, the voltage Vb can be efficiently reduced by discharging the DC power supply 10b using the traveling load. Therefore, when the electric vehicle is accelerating and VH ⁇ Va + Vb, flag Fpl is turned on to execute voltage adjustment control using the traveling load. At this time, either the PB mode or the bB mode can be applied as the operation mode.
- the DC power supply 10b can be charged with the load power (PL ⁇ 0). That is, when VH> Va + Vb, the voltage Vb can be efficiently increased by charging the DC power supply 10b using the traveling load. Therefore, when the electric vehicle is decelerating and VH> Va + Vb, flag Fpl is turned on to execute voltage adjustment control using the traveling load. At this time, either the PB mode or the bB mode can be applied as the operation mode. Also, Pr> 0 is set.
- control device 40 selects an operation mode (operation mode selection unit 600) and power converter 50 according to the voltage adjustment method selected in step S130 when executing the voltage adjustment control.
- An operation command is generated (converter command generation unit 700).
- the control device 40 When the voltage adjustment permission flag Fpt is off (NO determination in S100), the control device 40 basically proceeds to step S140 and does not execute the voltage adjustment control. That is, even if
- control device 40 preferably compares voltage Va + Vb with voltage command value VH * in step S110 when voltage adjustment permission flag Fpt is off (NO in S100). Then, when VH ⁇ Va + Vb (when YES is determined in S110), control device 40 advances the process to step S120 even if voltage adjustment permission flag Fpt is turned off. Thereby, in the case of VH ⁇ Va + Vb, voltage adjustment control for reducing Vb can be positively executed, so that it is possible to expect an increase in the amount of regenerative energy recovered during vehicle travel.
- the SD mode is set at the output voltage VH corresponding to the load state by executing voltage adjustment control.
- High-speed cruise is possible with (serial direct connection mode) applied. Thereby, the energy efficiency of the electric vehicle can be increased by reducing the loss of the power supply system 5 in high-speed cruise that lasts for a relatively long time.
- the voltage adjustment control for increasing the voltage Vb is not executed. This increases the energy efficiency of the electric vehicle by focusing on increasing the amount of regenerative energy recovered during deceleration rather than reducing the loss during high-speed cruise in response to the completion of high-speed cruise in a relatively short time. be able to.
- the execution / non-execution of the voltage adjustment control at the time of high-speed traveling has been described.
- the second embodiment is not limited to the case of high-speed traveling, and the same is based on the traveling situation in other situations. It is also possible to perform control. That is, on / off setting of the voltage adjustment permission flag Fpt based on the travel information can be arbitrarily set.
- the execution and non-execution of the voltage adjustment control are appropriately controlled in accordance with the traveling state in correspondence with the case where the power supply system is applied to the electric vehicle. be able to. That is, as a result of the voltage adjustment control, the power converter 50 can be controlled so that the total energy efficiency through traveling does not decrease due to a decrease in the amount of recovered regenerative energy.
- the energy efficiency can be improved from both the increase in the frequency of application of the SD mode and the increase in the amount of recovered regenerative energy by positively executing the voltage adjustment control.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating a basic concept of power converter control according to the third embodiment.
- output voltage VH increases in a state where total power PH is larger than load power PL (PH> PL), but decreases in a state where PH ⁇ PL. Therefore, in the power converter control according to the third embodiment, the command value of total power PH is set according to voltage deviation ⁇ VH with respect to voltage command value VH * of output voltage VH. Further, by distributing the total power PH between the electric power Pa and Pb, the outputs of both the DC power supplies 10a and 10b are subjected to electric power control (current control).
- FIG. 28 and 29 are block diagrams for illustrating power converter control according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 28 shows a configuration for a control calculation for setting the power command value of each DC power supply
- FIG. 29 shows a control calculation for controlling the output of each DC power supply according to the set power command value. The configuration of is shown.
- voltage control unit 200 sets power command values Pa * and Pb * of DC power supplies 10a and 10b based on the voltage deviation of output voltage VH.
- the voltage control unit 200 includes a deviation calculation unit 210, a control calculation unit 220, a limiter 230, a power distribution unit 240, a circulating power addition unit 250, a limiter 260, and a subtraction unit 270.
- the control calculation unit 220 calculates the total power PHr required for voltage control based on the voltage deviation ⁇ VH. For example, the control calculation unit 220 sets PHr according to the following equation (6) by PI calculation.
- PHr Kp ⁇ ⁇ VH + ⁇ (Ki ⁇ ⁇ VH) (6)
- Kp is a proportional control gain
- Ki is an integral control gain.
- These control gains also reflect the capacitance value of the smoothing capacitor CH.
- the power distribution unit 240 calculates the power k ⁇ PH * that the DC power supply 10a should share based on the total power command value PH * and the power distribution ratio k.
- the power distribution ratio k can be set according to the load power command value PL * so that the power loss of the power converter 50 and the DC power supplies 10a and 10b is reduced. For example, an increase for uniquely determining the power distribution ratio k according to the load power command value PL * is created in advance.
- FIG. 30 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the power flow in the power supply system according to the power command value set according to FIG.
- the DC power supply 10b is charged by the output power from the DC power supply 10a (Pr> 0), or the DC power supply 10a is charged by the output power from the DC power supply 10b (Pr ⁇ 0). ), Voltage adjustment control by power circulation can be realized.
- the DC power supply 10a can be protected from overpower. That is, overcharge and overdischarge of the DC power supply 10a can be prevented. Further, as described above, by limiting the load power PL to be within the range of PHmin to PHmax, the DC power supply 10b can be indirectly protected from overpower.
- control device 40 controls duty ratio calculation unit 300, PWM control unit 400, and carrier wave for controlling outputs from DC power supplies 10a and 10b in accordance with power command values Pa * and Pb *.
- a generator 410 is included.
- Duty ratio calculation unit 300 includes a current control unit 301 for controlling the output of DC power supply 10a by current control, and a current control unit 310 for controlling the output of DC power supply 10b by current control.
- the current control unit 301 includes a current command generation unit 302, a deviation calculation unit 304, a control calculation unit 306, and an FF addition unit 308.
- the control calculation unit 306 calculates a control amount Dfba for current feedback control based on the current deviation ⁇ Ia. For example, the control calculation unit 306 calculates the control amount Dfba according to the following equation (8) by PI calculation.
- the FF adder 308 calculates the duty ratio Da related to the output control of the DC power supply 10a by adding the FB control amount Dfba and the FF control amount Dffa.
- the duty ratio Da is the lower arm element (switching element) of the step-up chopper circuit (FIG. 7) when performing DC / DC conversion between the voltage Va of the DC power supply 10a and the output voltage VH, as in the equation (1). This corresponds to the duty ratio during a period in which S3, S4) are turned on.
- the current control unit 310 corresponding to the DC power supply 10b includes a current command generation unit 312, a deviation calculation unit 314, a control calculation unit 316, and an FF addition unit 318.
- the control calculation unit 316 calculates a control amount Dfbb for current feedback control based on the current deviation ⁇ Ib. For example, the control calculation unit 316 calculates the control amount Dfbb according to the following equation (10) by PI calculation.
- the voltage command value VH * may be a detected value of the output voltage VH.
- the FF adder 318 calculates the duty ratio Db related to the output control of the DC power supply 10b by adding the FB control amount Dfbb and the FF control amount Dffb.
- the duty ratio Db corresponds to the duty ratio during the period when the lower arm elements (switching elements S2 and S3) of the boost chopper circuit (FIG. 8) are turned on, as in Expression (2).
- the PWM control unit 400 controls the switching elements S1 to S4 by pulse width modulation control based on the duty ratios Da and Db set by the current control units 301 and 310 and the carrier waves CWa and CWb from the carrier wave generation unit 410. Control signals SG1 to SG4 are generated. Since pulse width modulation control and generation of control signals SG1 to SG4 by PWM control unit 400 are performed in the same manner as described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10, detailed description thereof will not be repeated.
- the power converter control according to the third embodiment in the DC / DC conversion in the PB mode, the voltage deviation of the output voltage VH is converted into the power command value, and the output of each DC power supply 10a, 10b. , The output voltage VH can be controlled to the voltage command value VH *.
- the power converter control according to the third embodiment can directly control the charge / discharge power of the DC power supplies 10a and 10b reflecting the circulating power value Pr for voltage adjustment control. Suitable for combination with the described power adjustment control.
- the power conversion control according to the third embodiment can be applied to the aB mode and the bB mode that may be selected by the power adjustment control.
- the DC power supply 10b and the power line 20 () are not used by the boost chopper circuit formed by the switching elements S1 to S4 by the switching operation shown in FIGS. Bidirectional DC / DC conversion is performed between the loads 30). Therefore, in the aB mode, switching elements S1 to S4 are controlled in accordance with control pulse signal SDa based on duty ratio Da for controlling the output of DC power supply 10a. Specifically, switching elements S3 and S4 constituting the lower arm element of the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B are commonly turned on / off in accordance with control pulse signal SDa. Similarly, switching elements S1 and S2 constituting the upper arm element of the step-up chopper circuit are commonly turned on / off in accordance with control pulse signal / SDa.
- the total power command value PH * is calculated based on the voltage deviation ⁇ VH of the output voltage VH by the deviation calculating unit 210, the control calculating unit 220, and the limiter 230, as in the PB mode. Is set. Since DC power supply 10b is not used, power upper limit PHmax and power lower limit PHmin given to limiter 230 can be set equal to power upper limit Pamax and power lower limit Pamin of DC power supply 10a. . Correspondingly, in the aB mode, the operation command value of the load 30 is generated while being limited to a range satisfying Pamin ⁇ PL ⁇ Pamax.
- the limiter 260 can also protect the power command value Pa * from being out of the range of Pamax to Pamin, that is, prevent the DC power supply 10a from being overpowered. Therefore, in the aB mode, one of limiters 230 and 260 can be deactivated.
- the control pulse signal SDb is unnecessary as described above, so that the operation of the current control unit 310 can be stopped. That is, the calculation of the duty ratio Db is stopped.
- the load power PL and the power command value Pa * are reliably limited within the range of Pamax to Pamin by the limiters 260 and / or 290. For this reason, the direct-current power supply 10a used alone can be protected from overpower. Further, in the aB mode, by calculating the duty ratio Da by feedback control of the current Ia of the DC power supply 10a, the voltage deviation ⁇ VH can be quickly compared with control in which the duty ratio Da is calculated only by feedback control of the output voltage VH. Can be resolved.
- the limiter 260 does not need to be restricted. That is, in the bB mode, the limiter 230 can directly protect the DC power supply 10b from overpower.
- the power upper limit value PHmax and the power lower limit value PHmin given to the limiter 230 can be set equal to the power upper limit value Pbmax and the power lower limit value Pbmin of the DC power supply 10b.
- power command value Pb * is reliably limited within the range of Pbmax to Pbmin.
- the operation command value of the load 30 is generated while being limited within the range of Pbmin ⁇ PL ⁇ Pbmax.
- the DC power supply 10b that is used alone can be protected from overpower.
- the generated voltage deviation ⁇ VH can be quickly eliminated as compared with the control in which the DC voltage VH is canceled by direct feedback control.
- the control logic common to the PB mode is applied to set the output voltage VH to the voltage command. While controlling to the value VH *, the power of the DC power supply 10a or 10b can be controlled by current feedback. In particular, the control response of the output voltage VH can be improved by controlling the output of the DC power supply 10a or 10b.
- the power converter 50 that performs DC / DC conversion between the two DC power supplies 10a and 10b and the common power line 20 is illustrated, but the application of the present invention is as described above. However, the present invention is not limited to such cases.
- the input / output of the same amount of power among three or more DC power supplies Similar voltage adjustment control can be applied by charging and discharging between DC power sources having different voltage changes.
- the voltage converter has an operation mode in which a state in which a plurality of series power supplies are connected in series to the power line is maintained, and charging of a plurality of DC power supplies other than the operation mode is performed. If the discharge can be individually controlled, a circuit configuration different from that of the power converter 50 can be applied.
- the load 30 will be described in terms of confirmation that it can be configured by any device as long as it is a device that operates with the DC voltage VH. That is, in the present specification, the example in which the load 30 is configured to include the electric motor for traveling of the electric vehicle has been described. However, the application of the voltage adjustment control according to the first embodiment is limited to the power supply system having such a load. Is not to be done. Further, the configuration of the drive system of the electric vehicle exemplified as the load when mounted on the electric vehicle is not limited to the example of FIG. As long as the vehicle driving force and the braking force are generated with the transmission / reception of electric power to / from the power line, the present invention can be applied without limiting the number of motor generators and the connection configuration. Be sure to include it.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(電力変換器の回路構成)
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に従う電力変換器を含む電源システムの構成を示す回路図である。
図2を参照して、負荷30は、たとえば電動車両の走行用電動機を含むように構成される。負荷30は、平滑コンデンサCHと、インバータ32と、モータジェネレータ35と、動力伝達ギヤ36と、駆動輪37とを含む。
電力変換器50は、直流電源10a,10bと電力線20との間での直流電力変換の態様が異なる複数の動作モードを有する。
図3を参照して、動作モードは、スイッチング素子S1~S4の周期的なオンオフ制御に伴って直流電源10aおよび/または10bの出力電圧を昇圧する「昇圧モード(B)」と、スイッチング素子S1~S4のオンオフを固定して直流電源10aおよび/または10bを電力線20と電気的に接続する「直結モード(D)」とに大別される。
次に、各動作モードにおける電力変換器50の回路動作を説明する。まず、直流電源10aおよび10bと電力線20との間で並列なDC/DC変換を行なうPBモードでの回路動作について、図5~図8を用いて説明する。
図5および図6に示されるように、スイッチング素子S4またはS2をオンすることによって、直流電源10aおよび10bを電力線20に対して並列に接続することができる。ここで、並列接続モードでは、直流電源10aの電圧Vaと直流電源10bの電圧Vbとの高低に応じて等価回路が異なってくる。
図8には、PBモードにおける直流電源10bに対するDC/DC変換(昇圧動作)が示される。
また、図7および図8から理解されるように、PBモードでは、スイッチング素子S1~S4に、直流電源10aと電力線20との間のDC/DC変換による電流と、直流電源10bおよび電力線20の間でのDC/DC変換による電流との両方が流れる。
直流電源10a,10bの一方のみを用いる昇圧モード(aBモード,bBモード)における回路動作は、図7および図8における回路動作と共通する。
直結モードでは、図3に従ってスイッチング素子S1~S4のオンオフを固定することによって、PDモード、SDモード、aDモードおよびbDモードの各々を実現できることが理解される。
次に、SBモードでの回路動作を、図11および図12を用いて説明する。
図12(a)を参照して、直流電源10aおよび10bを直列接続するためにスイッチング素子S3がオン固定される一方で、スイッチング素子S2,S4のペアがオンし、スイッチング素子S1がオフされる。これにより、リアクトルL1,L2にエネルギを蓄積するための電流経路370,371が形成される。この結果、直列接続された直流電源10a,10bに対して、昇圧チョッパ回路の下アーム素子をオンした状態が形成される。
ただし、VaおよびVbが異なるときや、リアクトルL1,L2のインダクタンスが異なるときには、図12(a)の動作終了時におけるリアクトルL1,L2の電流値がそれぞれ異なる。したがって、図12(b)の動作への移行直後には、リアクトルL1の電流の方が大きいときには電流経路373を介して差分の電流が流れる。一方、リアクトルL2の電流の方が大きいときには電流経路374を介して、差分の電流が流れる。
なお、直流電源10a,10bからの出力電力の和(Pa+Pb)によって負荷30へ入出力される供給されることは、PBモードと同様である。
以下に、本実施の形態に従う電力変換器制御における動作モードの選択処理について詳細に説明する。
図18を参照して、時刻tx以前において、Va+Vbは、VH*に従って制御される出力電圧VHよりも低い。したがって、効率面で有利なSDモードを適用するために、時刻txから電圧調整制御が開始される。
図20を参照して、時刻tx以前において、Va+Vbは、VH*に従って制御される出力電圧VHより高い。したがって、効率面で有利なSDモードを適用するために、時刻txから電圧調整制御が開始される。図20の例では、Va+VbをVH*へ向けて低下させるために、直流電源10bを放電することによって電圧Vbが低下するように、電圧調整制御が実行される。
実施の形態1で説明した電圧調整制御によって、VH>Va+Vbの状態からVH=Va+Vbの状態とすると、電圧Vbが上昇することにより、負荷30からの回生電力の回収能力が低下することが懸念される。特に、図2に例示したように、電源システム5が電動車両に搭載される場合には、車両走行時におけるモータジェネレータ35からの回生電力の回収が、電動車両のエネルギ効率に大きく影響する。すなわち、電動車両への適用を考慮すると、一律に電圧調整制御を実行してしまうと、回生エネルギの回収量が低下することで、却ってエネルギ効率を低下させることが懸念される。
図23を参照して、電動車両は、時刻t1から走行を開始して、時刻t2からは、略一定の車速での高速走行を継続される高速巡航状態となる。
したがって、電圧Vbが上昇してSOCbが高くなると、直流電源10bの充電によって回収できる回生エネルギが減少する。反対に、電圧Vbが低下してSOCbが低くなると、直流電源10bの充電によって回収できる回生エネルギが増加する。
実施の形態3では、実施の形態1および2で説明した電力調整制御が適用される、直流電源10a,10bの出力を制御するための電力変換器制御の好ましい変形例について説明する。特に、電力循環が適用できるPBモードにおける制御について説明する。
図27を参照して、出力電圧VHは、総電力PHが負荷電力PLよりも大きい状態(PH>PL)では上昇する一方で、PH<PLの状態では低下する。したがって、本実施の形態3に従う電力変換器制御では、出力電圧VHの電圧指令値VH*に対する電圧偏差ΔVHに応じて総電力PHの指令値を設定する。さらに、総電力PHを電力PaおよびPbの間で分配することにより、各直流電源10a,10bの両方の出力を電力制御(電流制御)する。
まず、電圧調整制御時に主に使用される、電力配分制御が可能であるPBモードにおける電力変換器制御について説明する。
式(6)中のKpは比例制御ゲインであり、Kiは積分制御ゲインである。これらの制御ゲインには、平滑コンデンサCHの容量値も反映される。式(6)に従って総電力PHrを設定することにより、電圧偏差ΔVHを低減するためのフィードバック制御を実現できる。あるいは、負荷30の動作状態および動作指令値に従って予測された負荷電力指令値PL*を反映して、式(7)に従って要求される総電力PHrを設定することも可能である。このようにすると、負荷30での電力消費をフィードフォワードする形で出力電圧VHを制御することができる。
リミッタ230は、PHmax~PHminの範囲内となるように、電力指令値PH*を制限する。もし、PHr>PHmaxのときには、リミッタ230によりPH*=PHmaxに設定される。同様に、PHr<PHmimのときには、リミッタ230は、PH*=PHminに設定する。また、PHmax≧PHr≧PHminのときには、そのままPH*=PHrに設定される。これにより、総電力指令値PH*が確定する。
式(8)中のKpは比例制御ゲインであり、Kiは積分制御ゲインである。これらの制御ゲインは、式(6)とは別個に設定される。
FF加算部308は、FB制御量DfbaおよびFF制御量Dffaを加算することによって、直流電源10aの出力制御に関するデューティ比Daを算出する。デューティ比Daは、式(1)と同様に、直流電源10aの電圧Vaと出力電圧VHとの間でDC/DC変換を行なう際の、昇圧チョッパ回路(図7)の下アーム素子(スイッチング素子S3,S4)がオンされる期間のデューティ比に相当する。
式(14)中のKpは比例制御ゲインであり、Kiは積分制御ゲインである。これらの制御ゲインは、式(6)および式(8)とは別個に設定される。
FF加算部318は、FB制御量DfbbおよびFF制御量Dffbを加算することによって、直流電源10bの出力制御に関するデューティ比Dbを算出する。デューティ比Dbは、式(2)と同様に、昇圧チョッパ回路(図8)の下アーム素子(スイッチング素子S2,S3)がオンされる期間のデューティ比に相当する。
bBモードでは、図8(a),(b)に示すスイッチング動作によって、スイッチング素子S1~S4が形成する昇圧チョッパ回路によって、直流電源10aを不使用とする一方で、直流電源10bおよび負荷30の間で双方向のDC/DC変換が実行される。したがって、bBモードでは、直流電源10bの出力を制御するためのデューティ比Dbに基づく制御パルス信号SDbに従って、スイッチング素子S1~S4が制御される。具体的には、図8(a),(b)に示した昇圧チョッパ回路の下アーム素子を構成するスイッチング素子S2およびS3は、制御パルス信号SDbに従って共通にオンオフ制御される。同様に、昇圧チョッパ回路の上アーム素子を構成するスイッチング素子S1およびS4は、制御パルス信号/SDbに従って共通にオンオフ制御される。
Claims (9)
- 負荷と、
前記負荷に接続された電力線と、
同一量のエネルギの入出力に対して電圧変化量が異なる第1の直流電源および第2の直流電源とを含む複数の直流電源と、
前記複数の直流電源および前記電力線の間に接続された電力変換器と、
前記電力変換器の動作を制御するための制御装置とを備え、
前記電力変換器は、複数のスイッチング素子を含み、かつ、前記複数の直流電源と前記電力線との間での電力変換の態様が異なる複数の動作モードのうちの1つの動作モードを選択的に適用されて動作することによって前記電力線上の出力電圧を制御するように構成され、
前記複数の動作モードは、
前記電力線に対して前記複数の直流電源が直列に接続された状態を維持するように前記複数のスイッチング素子のオンオフが固定される直列直結モードと、
前記複数のスイッチング素子のオンオフ制御によって、前記第1および第2の直流電源のうちの少なくとも一方と前記電力線との間での直流電圧変換によって前記出力電圧を電圧指令値に従って制御する電圧制御モードとを含み、
前記制御装置は、
前記電圧制御モードにおいて、前記複数の直流電源の電圧の和と前記電圧指令値とを一致させる電圧調整制御を実行するように前記電力変換器による前記直流電圧変換を制御するための電圧調整制御部を含む、電源システム。 - 同一量のエネルギの入出力に対して、前記第2の直流電源の電圧変化量は、前記第1の直流電源の電圧変化量よりも大きく、
前記電圧調整制御部は、前記複数の直流電源の電圧の和が前記出力電圧よりも低い場合に、前記第1の直流電源が放電する一方で前記第2の直流電源が充電されるように前記電力変換器による前記直流電圧変換を制御することによって前記電圧調整制御を実行する、請求項1記載の電源システム。 - 同一量のエネルギの入出力に対して、前記第2の直流電源の電圧変化量は、前記第1の直流電源の電圧変化量よりも大きく、
前記電圧調整制御部は、前記複数の直流電源の電圧の和が前記出力電圧よりも高い場合に、前記第2の直流電源が放電する一方で前記第1の直流電源が充電されるように前記電力変換器による前記直流電圧変換を制御することによって前記電圧調整制御を実行する、請求項1記載の電源システム。 - 同一量のエネルギの入出力に対して、前記第2の直流電源の電圧変化量は、前記第1の直流電源の電圧変化量よりも大きく、
前記電圧調整制御部は、前記複数の直流電源の電圧の和が前記出力電圧よりも低い場合に、前記負荷から回生電力が供給されたときに、前記第2の直流電源の充電電力が前記第1の直流電源の充電電力よりも高くなるように前記電力変換器による前記直流電圧変換を制御することによって前記電圧調整制御を実行する、請求項1記載の電源システム。 - 同一量のエネルギの入出力に対して、前記第2の直流電源の電圧変化量は、前記第1の直流電源の電圧変化量よりも大きく、
前記電圧調整制御部は、前記複数の直流電源の電圧の和が前記出力電圧よりも高い場合に、前記負荷へ力行電力を供給するときに、前記第2の直流電源の放電電力が前記第1の直流電源の放電電力よりも高くなるように前記電力変換器による前記直流電圧変換を制御することによって前記電圧調整制御を実行する、請求項1記載の電源システム。 - 前記制御装置は、
前記電圧制御モードにおいて前記複数の直流電源の電圧の和と前記出力電圧との差が判定値よりも小さくなると、前記動作モードを前記直列直結モードへ切換えるためのモード選択部をさらに含む、請求項1記載の電源システム。 - 前記電源システムは、電動車両に搭載され、
前記負荷は、前記電動車両の車両駆動力を発生するための電動機を含み、
前記電圧調整制御部は、前記電動車両の走行状況に応じて、前記電圧調整制御の実行および非実行を切換える、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の電源システム。 - 前記電圧調整制御部は、前記複数の直流電源の電圧の和が前記出力電圧よりも高い場合には、前記電動車両の走行状況に関わらず前記電圧調整制御を実行する、請求項7記載の電源システム。
- 前記制御装置は、
前記電圧制御モードにおいて前記複数の直流電源の電圧の和と前記出力電圧との差が判定値よりも小さくなると、前記動作モードを前記直列直結モードへ切換えるためのモード選択部をさらに含む、請求項2~5のいずれか1項に記載の電源システム。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112014002828.2T DE112014002828T5 (de) | 2013-06-13 | 2014-06-12 | Leistungsversorgungssystem |
CN201480033136.0A CN105308842B (zh) | 2013-06-13 | 2014-06-12 | 电源*** |
US14/897,754 US9895980B2 (en) | 2013-06-13 | 2014-06-12 | Power supply system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013124617A JP5624176B1 (ja) | 2013-06-13 | 2013-06-13 | 電源システム |
JP2013-124617 | 2013-06-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2014200049A1 true WO2014200049A1 (ja) | 2014-12-18 |
Family
ID=51942649
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2014/065559 WO2014200049A1 (ja) | 2013-06-13 | 2014-06-12 | 電源システム |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9895980B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5624176B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105308842B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112014002828T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014200049A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106849656A (zh) * | 2015-11-10 | 2017-06-13 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 电源装置 |
US11336179B2 (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2022-05-17 | Kyosan Electric Mfg. Co., Ltd. | DC/DC converter, and control method for DC/DC converter |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102013213946B4 (de) * | 2013-07-16 | 2018-07-19 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Bordnetz und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Bordnetzes |
JP6260587B2 (ja) * | 2015-06-29 | 2018-01-17 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電源装置 |
JP6452578B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-01 | 2019-01-16 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 電源システム |
CN106655355B (zh) * | 2016-11-28 | 2020-03-24 | 深圳市阿尔金贸易有限公司 | 电源装置及充电方法、充电*** |
JP2018166367A (ja) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-10-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | モータ制御装置 |
JP6708156B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-31 | 2020-06-10 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | 車両用電源装置 |
JP6605186B1 (ja) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-11-13 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 直流給配電システム |
KR20220026906A (ko) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 전기차의 고전압 전력 제어 방법 및 시스템 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001136607A (ja) * | 1999-11-04 | 2001-05-18 | Mazda Motor Corp | 車両用電源装置 |
JP2008054477A (ja) * | 2006-08-28 | 2008-03-06 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 電力変換装置 |
JP2011097771A (ja) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-12 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 電気自動車及びその電源制御方法 |
WO2012143968A1 (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2012-10-26 | Three Eye Co., Ltd. | Voltage booster |
JP2013013234A (ja) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-17 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | 電源システム |
JP2013031238A (ja) * | 2011-07-27 | 2013-02-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 電力変換装置 |
JP2013093923A (ja) * | 2011-10-24 | 2013-05-16 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | 電力変換器の制御装置および制御方法 |
JP2013102595A (ja) * | 2011-11-08 | 2013-05-23 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | 電源システム |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5479083A (en) * | 1993-06-21 | 1995-12-26 | Ast Research, Inc. | Non-dissipative battery charger equalizer |
US6452366B1 (en) * | 2000-02-11 | 2002-09-17 | Champion Microelectronic Corp. | Low power mode and feedback arrangement for a switching power converter |
DE10138983A1 (de) | 2001-08-08 | 2003-02-20 | Isad Electronic Sys Gmbh & Co | Symmetrierschaltung, Verfahren zur Spannungssymmetrierung sowie Antriebssystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
EP1653602B1 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2019-07-03 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Motor drive system and process |
CN201018410Y (zh) * | 2007-03-05 | 2008-02-06 | 浙江大学 | 一种有源箝位零电压软开关高增益升压型交错并联变换器 |
JP5182504B2 (ja) | 2008-08-28 | 2013-04-17 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 電力供給装置およびその制御方法 |
JP5492040B2 (ja) | 2010-09-22 | 2014-05-14 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 電源システム |
CN102882370A (zh) * | 2012-09-13 | 2013-01-16 | 燕山大学 | 双向双输入buck直流变换器及其功率分配方法 |
JP5872502B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-28 | 2016-03-01 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 電源システム |
-
2013
- 2013-06-13 JP JP2013124617A patent/JP5624176B1/ja active Active
-
2014
- 2014-06-12 US US14/897,754 patent/US9895980B2/en active Active
- 2014-06-12 CN CN201480033136.0A patent/CN105308842B/zh active Active
- 2014-06-12 WO PCT/JP2014/065559 patent/WO2014200049A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2014-06-12 DE DE112014002828.2T patent/DE112014002828T5/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001136607A (ja) * | 1999-11-04 | 2001-05-18 | Mazda Motor Corp | 車両用電源装置 |
JP2008054477A (ja) * | 2006-08-28 | 2008-03-06 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 電力変換装置 |
JP2011097771A (ja) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-12 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 電気自動車及びその電源制御方法 |
WO2012143968A1 (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2012-10-26 | Three Eye Co., Ltd. | Voltage booster |
JP2013013234A (ja) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-17 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | 電源システム |
JP2013031238A (ja) * | 2011-07-27 | 2013-02-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 電力変換装置 |
JP2013093923A (ja) * | 2011-10-24 | 2013-05-16 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | 電力変換器の制御装置および制御方法 |
JP2013102595A (ja) * | 2011-11-08 | 2013-05-23 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | 電源システム |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106849656A (zh) * | 2015-11-10 | 2017-06-13 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 电源装置 |
CN106849656B (zh) * | 2015-11-10 | 2019-05-28 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 电源装置 |
US11336179B2 (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2022-05-17 | Kyosan Electric Mfg. Co., Ltd. | DC/DC converter, and control method for DC/DC converter |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN105308842B (zh) | 2017-10-20 |
US20160137069A1 (en) | 2016-05-19 |
DE112014002828T5 (de) | 2016-03-03 |
CN105308842A (zh) | 2016-02-03 |
US9895980B2 (en) | 2018-02-20 |
JP2015002573A (ja) | 2015-01-05 |
JP5624176B1 (ja) | 2014-11-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5624176B1 (ja) | 電源システム | |
JP5872502B2 (ja) | 電源システム | |
US9555714B2 (en) | Power supply system of electric-powered vehicle | |
KR101850415B1 (ko) | 전원 시스템 | |
JP6102841B2 (ja) | 電源システム | |
WO2013061731A1 (ja) | 電力変換器の制御装置および制御方法 | |
JP6258373B2 (ja) | 電力供給システム | |
JP2016029874A (ja) | 電源システム | |
JP5832247B2 (ja) | 電源システム | |
JP6181475B2 (ja) | 電源システム | |
JP2009189152A (ja) | 電源システム、電動車両、電源システムの制御方法、およびその制御方法をコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラムを記録したコンピュータ読取可能な記録媒体 | |
JP2016111886A (ja) | 車両の電源システム | |
JP6096071B2 (ja) | 電源システム | |
JP6055352B2 (ja) | 電力変換器の制御装置 | |
WO2017038842A1 (ja) | 電源システム | |
JP2016073173A (ja) | 電源システム | |
JP2016048990A (ja) | 電源システム | |
JP5987892B2 (ja) | 車両の電源システム |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 201480033136.0 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 14811019 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 14897754 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 112014002828 Country of ref document: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 14811019 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |