WO2014196934A1 - Bistable mechanism for switching electrical loads - Google Patents

Bistable mechanism for switching electrical loads Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2014196934A1
WO2014196934A1 PCT/SI2013/000036 SI2013000036W WO2014196934A1 WO 2014196934 A1 WO2014196934 A1 WO 2014196934A1 SI 2013000036 W SI2013000036 W SI 2013000036W WO 2014196934 A1 WO2014196934 A1 WO 2014196934A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rocker arm
contact
bistable mechanism
switched
switch
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SI2013/000036
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Marko RODE
Original Assignee
NELA razvojni center d.o.o.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NELA razvojni center d.o.o. filed Critical NELA razvojni center d.o.o.
Priority to PCT/SI2013/000036 priority Critical patent/WO2014196934A1/en
Publication of WO2014196934A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014196934A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
    • H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
    • H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity
    • H01H51/08—Contacts alternately opened and closed by successive cycles of energisation and de-energisation of the electromagnet, e.g. by use of a ratchet
    • H01H51/082—Contacts alternately opened and closed by successive cycles of energisation and de-energisation of the electromagnet, e.g. by use of a ratchet using rotating ratchet mechanism
    • H01H51/086—Contacts alternately opened and closed by successive cycles of energisation and de-energisation of the electromagnet, e.g. by use of a ratchet using rotating ratchet mechanism with radial ratchet elements
    • H01H51/088—Contacts alternately opened and closed by successive cycles of energisation and de-energisation of the electromagnet, e.g. by use of a ratchet using rotating ratchet mechanism with radial ratchet elements moved alternately in opposite directions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H5/00—Snap-action arrangements, i.e. in which during a single opening operation or a single closing operation energy is first stored and then released to produce or assist the contact movement
    • H01H5/04—Energy stored by deformation of elastic members
    • H01H5/06—Energy stored by deformation of elastic members by compression or extension of coil springs

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is a bistable mechanism for switching electric loads in switching devices, wherein the mechanism and the form of contacts provide for the operation of the fundamental function which is switching of contacts by way of an electromagnetic drive that is excited by electric pulses and allows switching of contacts by minimum energy input.
  • the invention belongs to class H01 H 51/08 of the International Patent Classification.
  • the technical problem that is successfully solved by the present embodiment of a bistable mechanism is such a construction that reduces the energy needed for switching to the minimum, and it is further constructed in a simple and price efficient way.
  • Another solution is a mechanism of a switch based on the principle of a heart-shaped anchorage according to document WO0186682 and EP1901327.
  • a drawback of this solution is that the switching off is effected at the second step, which means that the switch switches off only when the coil is without voltage or when the button is released in case the switch is switched manually.
  • a rocker arm mechanism provided according to patent EP 0641000 and EP 0641003 does not include switching of contacts by way of a contact bridge.
  • the bistable mechanism of the invention solves requirements for an energy-saving mechanism that simultaneously allows for coupling of contacts intended for large loads in a way that a spring of a rocker arm 12 is fastened to a lever 7 and to a rocker arm 6 and on the latter also bridges 4 and 8 are fastened symmetrically to the axis of rotation of the rocker arm 6.
  • Figure 1 bistable mechanism in switched-off mode with a closing and opening contact of the invention in axonometric projection
  • Figure 2 schematic view of the bistable mechanism in switched- off mode with the closing and opening contact of the invention from front side;
  • Figure 3 schematic view of the bistable mechanism in switched- off mode with the closing and opening contact of the invention from a lateral side in cross-section
  • Figure 4 bistable mechanism in switched-on mode with a closing and opening contact of the invention in axonometric projection
  • Figure 5 schematic view of the bistable mechanism in switched- on mode with the closing and opening contact of the invention from front side;
  • Figure 6 schematic view of the bistable mechanism in switched- on mode with the closing and opening contact of the invention from a lateral side in cross-section;
  • Figure 7 bistable mechanism in switched-off mode with opening contacts of the invention in axonometric projection
  • Figure 8 schematic view of the bistable mechanism in switched- off mode with two opening contacts of the invention from front side;
  • Figure 9 schematic view of the bistable mechanism in switched- off mode with two opening contacts of the invention from a lateral side in cross-section;
  • Figure 10 bistable mechanism in switched-on mode with two opening contacts of the invention in axonometric projection
  • Figure 11 schematic view of the bistable mechanism in switched- on mode with two opening contacts of the invention from front side
  • Figure 12 schematic view of the bistable mechanism in switched- on mode with two opening contacts of the invention from a lateral side in cross-section.
  • the bistable mechanism of the invention comprises a rocker arm 6 centrally arranged in a housing of a switch 22 and provided with a circular fastening, on which a guide of a spring 11 is fastened, another guide of the spring 11 is fastened into the circular fastening on a lever 7, and between said two guides of the spring 11 there is inserted a spring 12 ensuring force 14.
  • the lever 7 is fastened on a plug of a housing 21.
  • the lever 7 functions as signalisation of the mode of contacts and as a knob in the case the switch is switched manually. It is connected with the rocker arm 6 via cog wheel that ensures transmission of torque.
  • the opening bridge 4 and the closing bridge 8 are connected to the rocker arm 6 symmetrically to the axis of rotation via cog wheels and a toothed rack.
  • the bridges 4 and 8 are intended to move the contact bridges 3 and compress contact springs 10.
  • the torque of the rocker arm 6 is created by force 14 and an arm a 16; this torque must exceed or be equal to the torque created by force 25 (force 20 reduced by a cosine of the angle a 18) that occurs due to the contact spring 10 being compressed when coming in contact with a housing 13 and an arm b 17.
  • the torque of the rocker arm 6 is created by force 14 and the arm a 16; this torque must exceed or be equal to the torque created by force 19 (force 15 reduced by a cosine of the angle a 18) that occurs due to the contact spring 10 being compressed when the contact bridge 3 is moved closer due to a contact with a fixed contact 5 and the arm b 17.
  • any number of closing and opening contact sites can be assembled in any desired combinations.
  • the condition is that the force 14 created by the spring 12 defines the torque it forms with the arm a 17 and the torque exceeds or is equal to the sum of torques created by the contact sites according to the rules described above.
  • the energy for switch-over is ensured by an electromagnet, of which an anchor 1 is a constituent part.
  • the anchor 1 presses against a pushing element 9, and the latter transfers the force to the rocker arm 6 which converts the linear movement of the pushing element 9 to the torque which moves the bridges 4 and 8 via cog wheels.
  • the bistable mechanism of the invention can also be switched manually.
  • the lever 7 is acted upon and it oscillates around the fastening in the housing 13 and drives the rocker arm 6 via a cog wheel pair, and the rocker arm 6 then moves the bridges 4 and 5 by way of cog wheels and the toothed rack.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)

Abstract

A bistable mechanism is comprised of a spring (12) that is fastened to a lever (7) and a rocker arm (6) thus ensuring maximum torque. Bridges (4, 8) are fastened to the rocker arm (6) symmetrically to the axis of rotation of the rocker arm (6), and a contact spring (10) is compressed upon switch-off and switch-on, which makes it possible that the switch is switched over by way of various combinations of contacts with a minimum energy input that is provided by an electromagnet or a hand in the case of manual switching.

Description

BISTABLE MECHANISM FOR SWITCHING ELECTRIC LOADS
The object of the invention is a bistable mechanism for switching electric loads in switching devices, wherein the mechanism and the form of contacts provide for the operation of the fundamental function which is switching of contacts by way of an electromagnetic drive that is excited by electric pulses and allows switching of contacts by minimum energy input. The invention belongs to class H01 H 51/08 of the International Patent Classification.
The technical problem that is successfully solved by the present embodiment of a bistable mechanism is such a construction that reduces the energy needed for switching to the minimum, and it is further constructed in a simple and price efficient way.
Known solutions make use of various techniques and physical principles of operation of a mechanism of a switch. A mechanism of a switch provided with a cog wheel according to patent document EP 1024511 does not allow switching of large loads as the forces needed for switching would cause too much friction.
Another solution is a mechanism of a switch based on the principle of a heart-shaped anchorage according to document WO0186682 and EP1901327. A drawback of this solution is that the switching off is effected at the second step, which means that the switch switches off only when the coil is without voltage or when the button is released in case the switch is switched manually.
A rocker arm mechanism provided according to patent EP 0641000 and EP 0641003 does not include switching of contacts by way of a contact bridge.
The bistable mechanism of the invention solves requirements for an energy-saving mechanism that simultaneously allows for coupling of contacts intended for large loads in a way that a spring of a rocker arm 12 is fastened to a lever 7 and to a rocker arm 6 and on the latter also bridges 4 and 8 are fastened symmetrically to the axis of rotation of the rocker arm 6.
The invention will be described by way of an embodiment and figures representing in:
Figure 1 : bistable mechanism in switched-off mode with a closing and opening contact of the invention in axonometric projection;
Figure 2: schematic view of the bistable mechanism in switched- off mode with the closing and opening contact of the invention from front side;
Figure 3: schematic view of the bistable mechanism in switched- off mode with the closing and opening contact of the invention from a lateral side in cross-section; Figure 4: bistable mechanism in switched-on mode with a closing and opening contact of the invention in axonometric projection;
Figure 5: schematic view of the bistable mechanism in switched- on mode with the closing and opening contact of the invention from front side;
Figure 6: schematic view of the bistable mechanism in switched- on mode with the closing and opening contact of the invention from a lateral side in cross-section;
Figure 7: bistable mechanism in switched-off mode with opening contacts of the invention in axonometric projection;
Figure 8: schematic view of the bistable mechanism in switched- off mode with two opening contacts of the invention from front side;
Figure 9: schematic view of the bistable mechanism in switched- off mode with two opening contacts of the invention from a lateral side in cross-section;
Figure 10: bistable mechanism in switched-on mode with two opening contacts of the invention in axonometric projection;
Figure 11 : schematic view of the bistable mechanism in switched- on mode with two opening contacts of the invention from front side; Figure 12: schematic view of the bistable mechanism in switched- on mode with two opening contacts of the invention from a lateral side in cross-section.
The bistable mechanism of the invention comprises a rocker arm 6 centrally arranged in a housing of a switch 22 and provided with a circular fastening, on which a guide of a spring 11 is fastened, another guide of the spring 11 is fastened into the circular fastening on a lever 7, and between said two guides of the spring 11 there is inserted a spring 12 ensuring force 14. The lever 7 is fastened on a plug of a housing 21. The lever 7 functions as signalisation of the mode of contacts and as a knob in the case the switch is switched manually. It is connected with the rocker arm 6 via cog wheel that ensures transmission of torque. The opening bridge 4 and the closing bridge 8 are connected to the rocker arm 6 symmetrically to the axis of rotation via cog wheels and a toothed rack. The bridges 4 and 8 are intended to move the contact bridges 3 and compress contact springs 10.
When the mechanism is provided with a closing contact at switch-on, the torque of the rocker arm 6 is created by force 14 and an arm a 16; this torque must exceed or be equal to the torque created by force 25 (force 20 reduced by a cosine of the angle a 18) that occurs due to the contact spring 10 being compressed when coming in contact with a housing 13 and an arm b 17. When the mechanism is provided with a closing contact at switch-on, the torque of the rocker arm 6 is created by force 14 and the arm a 16; this torque must exceed or be equal to the torque created by force 19 (force 15 reduced by a cosine of the angle a 18) that occurs due to the contact spring 10 being compressed when the contact bridge 3 is moved closer due to a contact with a fixed contact 5 and the arm b 17.
When the mechanism is provided with an opening contact at switch-off, the torque of the rocker arm 6 is created by force 14 and the arm a 16; this torque must exceed or be equal to the torque created by force 23 (force 15 reduced by a cosine of the angle a 18) that occurs due to the contact spring 10 being compressed when the contact bridge 3 is moved closer due to a contact with the fixed contact 5 and the arm b 17.
When the mechanism is provided with an opening contact at switch-on, the torque of the rocker arm 6 is created by force 14 and the arm a 16; this torque must exceed or be equal to the torque created by force 24 (force 20 reduced by a cosine of the angle a 18) that occurs due to the contact spring 10 being compressed when coming in contact with a housing 13 and the arm b 17.
Any number of closing and opening contact sites can be assembled in any desired combinations. The condition is that the force 14 created by the spring 12 defines the torque it forms with the arm a 17 and the torque exceeds or is equal to the sum of torques created by the contact sites according to the rules described above. The energy for switch-over is ensured by an electromagnet, of which an anchor 1 is a constituent part. The anchor 1 presses against a pushing element 9, and the latter transfers the force to the rocker arm 6 which converts the linear movement of the pushing element 9 to the torque which moves the bridges 4 and 8 via cog wheels.
The bistable mechanism of the invention can also be switched manually. In this case the lever 7 is acted upon and it oscillates around the fastening in the housing 13 and drives the rocker arm 6 via a cog wheel pair, and the rocker arm 6 then moves the bridges 4 and 5 by way of cog wheels and the toothed rack.

Claims

1 . A bistable mechanism that uses a rocker arm (6) to perform its function
characterized in that
fastening of a spring (12) is made by way of guides of a spring (1 1 ) between a lever (7) and the rocker arm (6) in a way that it ensures maximum torque of the rocker arm in the switching mode.
2. The bistable mechanism according to claim 1
characterized in that
regardless of the number and type of contact sites either in the switched-on or switched-off mode there is the same torque that acts on the rocker arm (6), and this is made possible by a limit stop of the housing (13) which ensures the contact spring (10) to compress even when the contact is switched off.
PCT/SI2013/000036 2013-06-06 2013-06-06 Bistable mechanism for switching electrical loads WO2014196934A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/SI2013/000036 WO2014196934A1 (en) 2013-06-06 2013-06-06 Bistable mechanism for switching electrical loads

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/SI2013/000036 WO2014196934A1 (en) 2013-06-06 2013-06-06 Bistable mechanism for switching electrical loads

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014196934A1 true WO2014196934A1 (en) 2014-12-11

Family

ID=49304298

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SI2013/000036 WO2014196934A1 (en) 2013-06-06 2013-06-06 Bistable mechanism for switching electrical loads

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2014196934A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111024385A (en) * 2019-12-25 2020-04-17 航天科工智能机器人有限责任公司 Maximum load testing device for harmonic reducer

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2830149A (en) * 1956-09-04 1958-04-08 Joseph D Winans Over-center relay switch
EP0271366A1 (en) * 1986-11-25 1988-06-15 Gerard Mang S.A. Remote control interrupter with an auxiliary change-over switch in its control circuit
EP0641003A1 (en) 1993-08-26 1995-03-01 Schneider Electric Sa Electromagnetic relay with bi-stable contact
EP0641000A1 (en) 1993-08-26 1995-03-01 Schneider Electric Sa Electrical apparatus with breaker, contactor or reversing switch operation
EP0827172A1 (en) * 1996-09-02 1998-03-04 Schneider Electric Sa Actuator assembly for electrical contacts
EP1024511A2 (en) 1999-01-30 2000-08-02 Eltako GmbH Schaltgeräte Electro-mechanical switching device
WO2001086682A2 (en) 2000-05-11 2001-11-15 Moeller Gebäudeautomation KG Electromechanical remote switch
EP1901327A1 (en) 2006-09-18 2008-03-19 Legrand France Mechanism with two stable positions and electrical control device comprising same
WO2012154131A1 (en) * 2011-05-12 2012-11-15 ISKRA MIS, d.d. Bistable switch with a bistable mechanism

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2830149A (en) * 1956-09-04 1958-04-08 Joseph D Winans Over-center relay switch
EP0271366A1 (en) * 1986-11-25 1988-06-15 Gerard Mang S.A. Remote control interrupter with an auxiliary change-over switch in its control circuit
EP0641003A1 (en) 1993-08-26 1995-03-01 Schneider Electric Sa Electromagnetic relay with bi-stable contact
EP0641000A1 (en) 1993-08-26 1995-03-01 Schneider Electric Sa Electrical apparatus with breaker, contactor or reversing switch operation
EP0827172A1 (en) * 1996-09-02 1998-03-04 Schneider Electric Sa Actuator assembly for electrical contacts
EP1024511A2 (en) 1999-01-30 2000-08-02 Eltako GmbH Schaltgeräte Electro-mechanical switching device
WO2001086682A2 (en) 2000-05-11 2001-11-15 Moeller Gebäudeautomation KG Electromechanical remote switch
EP1901327A1 (en) 2006-09-18 2008-03-19 Legrand France Mechanism with two stable positions and electrical control device comprising same
WO2012154131A1 (en) * 2011-05-12 2012-11-15 ISKRA MIS, d.d. Bistable switch with a bistable mechanism

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111024385A (en) * 2019-12-25 2020-04-17 航天科工智能机器人有限责任公司 Maximum load testing device for harmonic reducer

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