WO2014167830A1 - 電力制御システム - Google Patents
電力制御システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014167830A1 WO2014167830A1 PCT/JP2014/001990 JP2014001990W WO2014167830A1 WO 2014167830 A1 WO2014167830 A1 WO 2014167830A1 JP 2014001990 W JP2014001990 W JP 2014001990W WO 2014167830 A1 WO2014167830 A1 WO 2014167830A1
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- power
- supply
- amount
- demand
- storage means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B15/00—Systems controlled by a computer
- G05B15/02—Systems controlled by a computer electric
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power control system, and more particularly, to a power control system that adjusts the power supply / demand balance in a power system.
- a method of centrally controlling the power system is often employed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- a method of centrally controlling the electric power system it is necessary to construct a large-scale control system for centralizing information, grasping and analyzing the entire state of the system configuration, and further optimizing the entire system. .
- Such a system is easy to apply because it can be additionally built to some extent in countries and regions where power supply infrastructure is in place.
- a large investment is required for the construction.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a configuration in which a plurality of distributed power sources are installed.
- each distributed power supply can operate stably.
- a power distribution configuration including a distributed power source connected to the power system is shown in FIG.
- the distribution substation 1 is connected to a power system 5, a plurality of generators 22, and a plurality of loads 4, and the power supplied from the power system 5 and the generator 2 is a load. 4 will be consumed.
- the power supply-demand balance it is expressed by the following equation (1).
- G_main is power supplied from the power system 5
- G_i is power generated by the i-th generator 2
- L_j is power consumption by the j-th load 4
- m and n are the power generator 2 and the load 4 Is the number of
- the generator power generation adjustment in a short period is autonomously performed by the generator in governor-free operation (hereinafter referred to as governor control).
- governor control because it cannot follow the load change and there are multiple generators, it takes a long time to stabilize, an unacceptable frequency or voltage abnormality occurs, and in some cases the generator is disconnected, etc. It can develop into a problem.
- power supply from the power system is interrupted, a large difference in power supply and demand occurs instantaneously, which is a control problem.
- control device sends a command to each generator to fill the gap between supply and demand, forcibly controlling the generated power, or controlling the load to suppress demand It is also possible.
- it is necessary to provide a high-speed and high-reliability communication network, a large number of sensors and controlled devices, and there is a problem that the cost becomes high especially in laying in emerging countries and developing countries. Therefore, a mechanism and control that allow communication delay and error and perform stable supply and demand adjustment independently is desired.
- the object of the present invention is the above-mentioned problem that a sufficient reserve power cannot be secured in a small-scale power system, and it is difficult to maintain stability when a large supply-demand power difference occurs instantaneously. There is to solve.
- a power control system is: Power supply means for supplying power; Load means for receiving power and consuming the power; Power storage means for charging power supplied from the power supply means or discharging power supplied to the load means; A total power supply amount acquisition means for acquiring a total power supply amount that is a total amount of power supplied from the power supply means and power discharged from the power storage means; Total power consumption acquisition means for acquiring a total power consumption that is a total amount of power consumed by the load means and power charged in the power storage means; When the supply and demand power difference representing the difference between the total power supply amount and the total power consumption exceeds a predetermined range set in advance, the power storage means is charged or discharged to reduce the supply and demand power difference.
- Power storage control means for controlling the power storage means so as to reduce the electric power for performing the charging or discharging over a predetermined time and over a response time according to a set time constant for the power storage means; Supply that controls to change the power supplied from the power supply means over a response time according to a set time constant for the power supply means so that the supply-demand power difference falls within a predetermined range set in advance.
- An electric energy control means The time constant for the power storage means is set longer than the time constant for the power supply means, Take the configuration.
- the power control apparatus which is the other form of this invention, Power supply means for supplying power; load means for receiving and consuming the power; charging power supplied from the power supply means; or discharging power supplied to the load means
- a power control device connected to the storage means A total power supply amount acquisition means for acquiring a total power supply amount that is a total amount of power supplied from the power supply means and power discharged from the power storage means; Total power consumption acquisition means for acquiring a total power consumption that is a total amount of power consumed by the load means and power charged in the power storage means;
- the supply and demand power difference representing the difference between the total power supply amount and the total power consumption exceeds a predetermined range set in advance, the power storage means is charged or discharged to reduce the supply and demand power difference.
- Power storage control means for controlling the power storage means so as to reduce the electric power for performing the charging or discharging over a predetermined time and over a response time according to a set time constant for the power storage means; With The power supply means supplies power supplied from the power supply means over a response time corresponding to a set time constant for the power supply means so that the supply-demand power difference falls within a predetermined range.
- the time constant for the power storage means is set longer than the time constant for the power supply means, Take the configuration.
- the program which is the other form of this invention is: Power supply means for supplying power; load means for receiving and consuming the power; charging power supplied from the power supply means; or discharging power supplied to the load means
- a total power supply amount acquisition means for acquiring a total power supply amount that is a total amount of power supplied from the power supply means and power discharged from the power storage means
- Total power consumption acquisition means for acquiring a total power consumption that is a total amount of power consumed by the load means and power charged in the power storage means;
- Power storage control means for controlling the power storage means so as to reduce the electric power for performing the charging or discharging over a predetermined time and over a response time according to a set time constant for the power storage means; Is a program that realizes The power supply means supplies power supplied from the power supply means over a response time corresponding to a set time constant for the power supply means so that the supply-demand power difference falls within a predetermined range.
- the time constant for the power storage means is set longer than the time constant for the power supply means, Take the configuration.
- the power control method includes: Power supply means for supplying power; load means for receiving and consuming the power; charging power supplied from the power supply means; or discharging power supplied to the load means
- a power control method for controlling the power of the power storage means A total power supply amount that is a total amount of power supplied from the power supply means and power discharged from the power storage means, power consumed by the load means, and power charged in the power storage means , Get the total power consumption, which is the total amount of
- the supply and demand power difference representing the difference between the total power supply amount and the total power consumption exceeds a predetermined range set in advance, the power storage means is charged or discharged to reduce the supply and demand power difference.
- the time constant for the power storage means is set longer than the time constant for the power supply means, Take the configuration.
- the present invention is configured as described above, so that it is possible to maintain stability even when a large supply-demand power difference occurs instantaneously in a small-scale power system.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of the power control system disclosed in FIG. 2. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control apparatus disclosed in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows operation
- FIG. 2 It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the power control system in Embodiment 2 of invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the electric power control system in Embodiment 3 of invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation
- FIGS. 2 to 4 are diagrams for explaining the configuration of the power control system
- FIGS. 5 to 8 are diagrams for explaining the operation thereof.
- the power control system is a system for controlling the power in the power system 5, and is constructed in the distribution substation 1 connected to the power system 5.
- the distribution substation 1 is connected to one or more generators 2 that generate and supply electric power.
- the distribution substation 1 is supplied with a predetermined amount of power from the power system 5 and is also supplied with the amount of power generated by the generator 2. That is, the power system 5 and the one or more generators 2 function as power supply means for supplying power.
- a power measuring device 6 such as a power meter is connected.
- the distribution substation 1 is connected to one or a plurality of loads 4 (load means) that receive power and consume the power.
- each load 4 is generally one or a plurality of consumers (consumers) connected through the distribution line 3.
- the load 4 is connected to the distribution substation 1 via the distribution line 3, and the distribution line 3 includes a power meter such as a wattmeter for measuring the load fluctuation of the connected load 4, that is, the power consumption.
- a device 6 is connected.
- a power storage device 7 (power storage means) is connected to the distribution substation 1.
- the power storage device 7 charges the power supplied from the power system 5 and the generator 2 in the distribution substation 1 or discharges the power supplied to the load 2.
- a power measuring device 6 such as a wattmeter that measures the amount of power to be charged or discharged is connected to the wiring between the power storage device 7 and the distribution substation 1.
- the number of generators 2, loads 4, and power storage devices 7 described above is not limited to the numbers illustrated in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, and any number of generators 2, loads 4, and power storage devices 7 may be included in the distribution substation 1. It may be connected to.
- each power measuring device 6 is provided in each wiring. However, the power measuring device 6 may be provided in a distribution substation, a generator, a load, a power storage device, or the like. Well, it can be installed anywhere.
- the distribution substation 1 includes a control device 10 that constitutes a power control system that controls power.
- the control device 10 is configured by an information processing device including a calculation unit 10A and a storage unit 10B.
- the control device 10 is connected to the power system 5, the generator 2, the load 4, and the power storage device 7 described above.
- the control device 10 includes a power supply amount acquisition unit 11, a power consumption acquisition unit 12, and a power storage device control unit that are constructed by incorporating a program into the calculation unit 10 ⁇ / b> A. 13 and a power control unit 14.
- the storage unit 10B stores information necessary for calculation processing by the units 11 to 14.
- each configuration will be described in detail.
- the power supply amount acquisition unit 11 acquires the power supply amount that is the amount of power generated by each generator 2 and the power supply amount of the power supplied from the power system 5, and stores it. Store in unit 10B.
- the power supply amount acquisition unit 11 may measure and acquire the amount of power actually generated by the generator 2 or the amount of power actually supplied from the power system 5 by the power measuring device 6.
- information on the power generation amount set in advance for each generator 2 and the power amount supplied from the power system 5 may be stored in advance in the storage unit 10B, and such information may be acquired.
- the method of acquiring the power supply amount by the power supply amount acquiring unit 11 is not limited to the method described above.
- the power supply amount acquisition unit 11 acquires a power amount discharged by the power storage device 7 as a power supply amount by reading a measurement value by the power measurement device 6 connected to the power storage device 7, and a storage unit Store in 10B. Then, the power supply amount acquisition unit 12 calculates a total power supply amount that is a total amount of the power supply amount of all the generators 2, the power supply amount of the power supply system 5, and the power supply amount of the power storage device 7. .
- the acquisition of each power supply amount and the calculation of the total power supply amount by the power supply amount acquisition unit 11 are always performed at regular time intervals.
- the amount of electric power charged to or discharged from the power storage device 7 may be obtained by measuring the input / output amount of power to the power storage device 7, or separately, a measurement device built in the power storage device 7. You may acquire by inputting the electric energy measured by (not shown) into the control apparatus 10 via a communication means (not shown).
- the power consumption acquisition unit 12 acquires the power consumption by each load 4 by reading the measurement value by the power measurement device 6 connected to each load 4, and stores it. Store in unit 10B.
- the power consumption acquisition part 12 may acquire the value measured by the other structure provided in the distribution substation 1 as a power consumption, and may acquire it by another method.
- the power consumption acquisition unit 12 acquires a power amount charged in the power storage device 7 as a power consumption by reading a measurement value by the power measurement device 6 connected to the power storage device 7, and a storage unit Store in 10B. Then, the power consumption acquisition unit 12 calculates a total power consumption that is the total of the power consumption of all the loads 4 and the power consumption of the power storage device 7. The acquisition of each power consumption and the calculation of the total power consumption by the power consumption acquisition unit 12 are always performed at regular time intervals.
- the control device 10 calculates a power supply / demand difference, which is the difference between the total power supply amount calculated as described above and the total power consumption amount, and according to the value, the power storage device control unit 13 (power storage control means). ) And the power control unit 14 (supplied power amount control means).
- the power storage device control unit 13 promptly determines that when the supply-demand power difference exceeds a preset predetermined range, that is, when the balance between the total power supply amount and the total power consumption is largely lost.
- the power storage device 7 is controlled so as to charge or discharge power sufficient to compensate for the difference.
- the supply / demand power difference falls within a predetermined range, for example, the supply / demand power difference becomes zero.
- the power storage device control unit 13 takes the response time corresponding to the time constant (Tb) set in advance for power storage control (for power storage means) and the amount of power charged or discharged by the power storage device 7 is a predetermined value. (For example, it is controlled to gradually decrease to 0).
- each said generator 2 is provided with the governor control part 20 (supply electric energy control means) which has the function to perform the governor free operation which adjusts electric power generation amount according to the supply-and-demand electric power difference in the distribution substation 1. .
- each generator 2 follows the supply / demand power difference in the distribution substation 1, that is, the supply / demand power difference associated with the reduction in the amount of charge or discharge performed in the power storage device 7 as described above.
- the power generation amount is adjusted autonomously to fill the difference.
- the governor control unit 20 included in the generator 2 detects a change in frequency associated with a difference between supply and demand power in the distribution substation 1 and performs governor control such as adjusting the amount of power generation according to the change in frequency. Do.
- the power control unit 14 of the control device 10 described above may calculate a supply / demand power difference after being charged or discharged by the power storage device control unit 13 and notify the generator 2 of the supply / demand power difference.
- Each generator 2 may adjust the power generation amount so as to fill the difference by following the notified difference between supply and demand.
- the time constant (Tg) is set shorter than the time constant (Tb) for power storage control described above. For this reason, the power supply / demand difference accompanying the decrease in the amount of charge or discharge performed in the power storage device 7 is appropriately followed by the generator 2 to be filled, and the power supply / demand difference is always balanced. be able to.
- the adjustment of the power generation amount is performed by the governor control unit 20 provided in each generator 2, but the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto.
- the power generation amount of each generator 2 may be controlled by the power control unit 14.
- each generator 2 is provided with a governor control function (governor control unit 20) that performs short-term power generation adjustment as described above, and its time constant (Tg) is preset mechanically or electronically.
- the control device 10 acquires the value of the time constant (Tg) set for each generator 2, and sets a value of a time constant (Tb: Tb> Tg) larger than this value in the power storage device 7 (step S1). ).
- the power storage device 7 may be set in advance so that the value of the time constant (Tb) satisfies Tb> Tg.
- control device 10 calculates the total power supply amount Ga and the total power consumption amount La.
- the total power consumption La the total amount of power consumption by all loads 4 is calculated (step S2)
- the total power supply amount Ga the total amount of power supply by all the generators 2 and the power system 5 is calculated. Is calculated (step S3).
- G_main is the power supplied from the power grid 5
- G_i is the amount of power generated by the i-th generator 2
- L_j is the power consumption by the j-th load 4
- m is the number of generators 2 and loads 4.
- charge amount and discharge amount are amounts of power charged or discharged by the power storage device 7.
- control device 10 compares the difference (supply / demand difference) between the total power supply amount Ga calculated as described above and the total power consumption La, and deviates from a predetermined predetermined power fluctuation allowable amount C. A comparison is made as to whether or not (
- step S4 No
- charging by the power storage device 7 is performed.
- discharge control is performed.
- step S5 if the total power supply amount Ga is larger than the total power consumption amount La ((Ga ⁇ La)> C) (step S5: Yes), the control device 10 determines the initial charge amount by the power storage device 7 as follows. For example, (Ga-La) is set (step S6), and charging is started in the power storage device 7 (step S7). And the control apparatus 10 continues charge, reducing the said charge amount so that a charge amount may be set to 0 from an initial charge amount with the response time according to the time constant (Tb) set as mentioned above.
- Tb time constant
- step S8 when the total power supply amount Ga is smaller than the total power consumption amount La ((La ⁇ Ga)> C) (step S8: Yes), the control device 10 determines the initial discharge amount by the power storage device 7, for example, (La-Ga) is set (step S8), and discharging by the power storage device 7 is started (step S9). Then, the control device 10 continues the discharge while decreasing the discharge amount so that the discharge amount becomes 0 from the initial discharge amount in the response time according to the time constant (Tb) set as described above.
- Tb time constant
- FIG. 6 is an example in the case where the power supply is not received or cannot be received from the power system 5.
- the total amount of power consumption by the load 4 among the total power consumption is represented as a total load amount L
- the total amount of power supply by the generator 2 is represented by the total power generation amount G.
- the power storage device 7 As shown in FIG. 6A, when the total load L is suddenly lowered due to some factor, charging by the power storage device 7 is started to fill the change. That is, since the power generation amount that is the power supply amount becomes surplus due to the decrease in the total load amount L, the power storage device 7 is charged to absorb the power generation amount. At this time, as shown in FIG. 6C, the amount of charge is, for example, the amount of power corresponding to the amount by which the total load amount L is greatly reduced as the initial amount of charge. Then, as shown in FIG. 6D, the power supply / demand difference remains zero. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6C, the amount of charge by the power storage device 7 gradually decreases with the time constant Tb so as to become 0 from the initial charge amount.
- the generator 2 is adjusted by the governor control so as to reduce the amount of power generation so as to fill the above-mentioned supply-demand difference.
- Tg time constant of the generator 2
- Tb time constant of the power storage device 7 corresponding to the decreasing rate of the charge amount
- FIG. 8 shows a change in the amount of power in a power control system that does not have a configuration for controlling the power storage device 7 as in the present embodiment.
- the supply / demand power difference suddenly changes as the total load L decreases significantly. It cannot follow and the power balance is not stable.
- the power control system can balance supply and demand without causing problems such as frequency, voltage abnormality, and generator disconnection associated with a transient supply and demand gap.
- the power storage device 7 determines the time for adjusting the power generation amount of the generator 2 while balancing supply and demand, and is a source of adjustment power.
- FIG. 7 shows the state of the amount of power when the power supply from the power system 5 suddenly stops in the situation where power is supplied from the power system 5 in the power control system of the present embodiment. Yes.
- the total power supply amount Ga is the sum of the power supply amount G_main from the power system 5 and the total power generation amount G that is the total amount of power supply by the generator 2.
- the electric storage device 7 starts discharging to fill the change. That is, since the amount of power supplied due to a decrease in the total power supply amount Ga is insufficient, discharging by the power storage device 7 is performed to supplement the amount of power.
- the initial discharge amount is the amount of power corresponding to the amount of power supply G_main from the power system 5 being lowered.
- the supply-demand power difference remains zero. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 7C, the amount of discharge by the power storage device 7 gradually decreases with the time constant Tb so as to become 0 from the initial discharge amount.
- the generator 2 since the total power supply amount Ga in the distribution substation 1 at this time includes the amount of discharge by the power storage device 7, the amount of decrease in the amount of discharge by the charging device 7 becomes the supply and demand power difference. Then, in the generator 2, it adjusts so that the amount of electric power generation may be increased by the governor control so that the said supply and demand power difference may be filled. At this time, since the time constant (Tg) of the generator 2 is shorter than the time constant (Tb) of the power storage device 7 corresponding to the decreasing rate of the discharge amount, FIG. 7 (B) while following the gradually decreasing discharge amount. As shown, the generator 2 operates to gradually increase the amount of power generation. With this operation, the supply and demand balance can be stably achieved as in the case described with reference to FIG.
- the time constant of the total power generation amount G is expressed as Tb ′. This is because the change in the power generation amount follows the change in the charge / discharge amount. In other words, Tb ′> Tb, and the output gap is not zero. However, in the case of Tg ⁇ Tb, Tb 'becomes almost equal to Tb, and the supply-demand gap can be made almost zero.
- the power storage device 7 can avoid a problem caused by a transient supply-demand balance breaking.
- the generator 2 autonomously adjusts the power generation amount without introducing an external real-time control mechanism between the power generator 2 and the power storage device 7, thereby stabilizing the operation of the power system. Is possible.
- the time constant of the power storage device 7 it may be changed according to the capacity of the power storage device 7 or the amount of electric power stored therein.
- the “power fluctuation allowable amount C” described above is a parameter determined by the loss of the power system 5 and the load fluctuation capability of the generator 2. For example, in a distribution substation 1 that includes a large number of lossy distribution lines and includes a large number of generators 2 that require time to adjust power generation, this power fluctuation allowable amount C is set large. On the other hand, in the electric power system 5 including the distribution line with a small loss and the generator 2 that easily adjusts the output, the power fluctuation allowable amount C can be set small, and the power generation efficiency can be improved. . In addition, the power fluctuation allowable amount C may be set to a different value depending on whether the total consumption L exceeds the total generated power G or, conversely, when the total consumption L falls below the total generated power G. it can.
- the power control system according to the present embodiment has substantially the same configuration as that of the first embodiment described above, but includes a plurality of generators 2 (for example, three).
- the number of generators 2 is not limited to the number shown in FIG.
- Each generator 2 has the governor control function described above, and a power generation amount adjustment range is preset as its characteristic. For example, as the adjustment range of the power generation amount, a maximum change amount that is a range of the power generation amount that can be changed per unit time is set. In this case, the generator 2 has the set maximum change amount. Within a range, the amount of power generation can be increased or decreased to fill the difference between supply and demand per unit time.
- the adjustment range of the power generation amount is set differently depending on the power generation capacity and type of the generator 2.
- the time constant (Tg) for performing the governor control is set for each generator 2, and a value corresponding to the adjustment range of the power generation amount is set.
- the time constant (Tg) is set to be shorter as the maximum change amount that is the adjustment range of the power generation amount is larger.
- the time constant (Tg) of each generator 2 may be set to a different value, or may be set to the same value among all or some of the generators 2.
- the time constant (Tb) of the electrical storage apparatus 7 mentioned above is set long with respect to the time constant (Tg) of each generator 2.
- the time constants (Tg) of the respective generators 2 are arranged in ascending order, and the time constant of the power storage device 7 is larger than the value of the (N-1) th time constant (Tg).
- (Tb) may be set longer. That is, the time constant (Tb) of the power storage device 7 may be set longer than the time constants (Tg) of all the other generators 2 except the generator 2 having the longest time constant (Tg). More desirably, the time constant (Tb) of the power storage device 7 is set to be longer than the time constant (Tg) of all the generators 2.
- the power generation adjustment of the generator 2 in which the time constant (Tg) shorter than the time constant (Tb) is set in accordance with the slow time constant (Tb) of the power storage device 7 is stably performed. Is called.
- the generator 2 having a time constant (Tg) longer than the time constant (Tb) of the power storage device 7 performs power generation adjustment with the time constant (Tg) set to itself, so that the time constant (Tg) ) Can be prevented from interfering with the power generation adjustment for another generator 2 set to be short.
- the control device 10 in the present embodiment has a time constant setting function (time constant setting means for power supply means) for setting the above-described time constant (Tg) in the generator 2 for each generator 2.
- the time constant setting function acquires the value of the adjustment range of the power generation amount set in advance for each generator 2 and sets the time constant (Tg) according to the adjustment range of each generator 2.
- the time constant setting function may acquire the power generation status of each generator 2 and the state of the load 4 and dynamically set the time constant (Tg) based on such information.
- the control device 10 appropriately sets and updates the time constant of the generator 2 to maximize the range of adjustment of the total power generation amount of the governor control or dynamically control the time until stabilization, for example. be able to.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the power control system
- FIGS. 11 to 13 are diagrams for explaining the operation thereof.
- the power control system according to the present invention has substantially the same configuration as the system of the first embodiment described above, but includes a plurality of (for example, four) loads 41 to 44.
- the number of loads is not limited to the number shown in FIG.
- the control apparatus 10 in this embodiment has taken the structure shown in FIG. 4 demonstrated in Embodiment 1 mentioned above.
- the power control unit 14 (supply / demand status control means) is in accordance with the power supply / demand status (for example, when the power supply from the power system 5 stops and becomes
- the power control unit 14 is configured to stop power supply to some loads 4 such as power supply from the power system 5, the amount of power that can be generated by the generator 2, and power consumed by the load. A part of the loads 4 for stopping the power supply may be selected in advance based on the amount.
- the power storage device control unit 13 uses the power of the initial power amount that guarantees the supply / demand power difference according to the supply / demand power difference after the supply of power to some of the loads 4 is stopped. Is controlled to be charged or discharged by the power storage device 7. Thereafter, similarly to the above, control is performed so that the charge amount or the discharge amount gradually decreases with the time constant (Tb) set in the power storage device 7.
- the power storage device control unit 13 when the partial load 4 for stopping the power supply is preset as described above, the condition for stopping the power supply to the partial load 4, the generator 2
- the initial power amount to be charged or discharged by the power storage device 7 is set in advance based on the amount of power that can be generated by the power source and the power consumption of the load 4 that remains without stopping the power supply.
- the control device 10 assumes a case where power supply from the power system 5 is stopped and power is supplied only from the generator 2, and a load that can supply power with the maximum power supply amount by the generator 2. 4 (the load to be left) and the other load 4 (part of the load) for stopping the power supply are selected (step S13).
- the maximum power supply amount by the generator 2 may be the sum of the detected power generation amounts as described above, or a value larger than the detected power generation amount and obtainable by the control device 10. It may be a value. In this selection, not only technical factors but also the priority of the customer may be considered.
- This value represents the power supply / demand difference that occurs when power is supplied only to the load 4 that retains the amount of power generated from the generator 2 when the power supply from the power system 5 is stopped. Therefore, when the value of Equation 3 is “positive”, the amount of power corresponding to the value of Equation 3 is redundant. For this reason, when the value of the formula 3 is “positive”, the control device 10 presets the value of the formula 3 as an initial power amount to be charged by the power storage device 7 (step S15). . On the other hand, when the value of Equation 3 is “negative”, the power supplied to the remaining load 4 is insufficient, and therefore the value of Equation 3 is used as the initial power to be discharged by the power storage device 7. Set as a quantity.
- control device 10 sets the time constant (Tb) of the power storage device 7 to be larger than the time constant (Tg) of the generator 2 (step S16).
- the initial power amount and the time constant can be updated as appropriate, so that the latest information can be maintained whenever the power supply from the system is stopped.
- the control device 10 detects that the power supply from the power system 5 has stopped, and, as described in the first embodiment, the supply and demand power difference that is the difference between the total power supply amount and the total power load amount has a predetermined value. If it exceeds (step S21: Yes), as described above, the power supply to some of the loads 4 other than the preset load to be left is stopped (step S22). Then, the control device 10 performs control so as to charge or discharge the initial amount of power set in advance in the power storage device 7. After that, as described above, the operation of the power storage device 7 is controlled so that the amount of charged or discharged electric power gradually decreases with the set time constant (step S23).
- FIG. 13 shows how the electric energy changes in the system controlled as described above.
- FIG. 13 (A ′ ) when the stop of the power supply from the power system 5 is detected, the power supply to some loads is stopped as shown in FIG. 13 (A). Therefore, the total load L is greatly reduced.
- FIG. 13C discharging is started in order to balance supply and demand in the power storage device 7.
- Tb time constant
- Tg time constant
- Tb time constant of the generator 2
- the load 4 selected in advance is supplied with the minimum power from the generator 2 connected to the distribution substation 1.
- the power storage device 7 can avoid a problem caused by a transient supply and demand balance being lost.
- the generator 2 autonomously adjusts the power generation amount without introducing an external real-time control mechanism between the power generator 2 and the power storage device 7, thereby stabilizing the operation of the power system. Is possible.
- the power supply stop from the electric power system 5 becomes long, it is also possible to reselect the load 4 to be supplied with power again and sequentially perform power supply (for example, ring feed).
- the power of adjusting the system can be used, so that it is possible to select not to use the power storage device.
- step S15 illustrated in FIG. 15 the initial power amount to be charged or discharged by the power storage device 7 is set in advance, but may be set after power supply is stopped. Further, when setting the time constant of the power storage device 7, it may be changed depending on the capacity of the power storage device, the amount of electric power stored therein, and the like.
- the configuration including the distribution substation 1 and the load 4 has been described.
- the distribution substation has two layers, and there are cases where the transformation is performed twice. Even in this case, the same operation can be performed without departing from the requirements of the present embodiment.
- Power supply means for supplying power; Load means for receiving power and consuming the power; Power storage means for charging power supplied from the power supply means or discharging power supplied to the load means;
- a total power supply amount acquisition means for acquiring a total power supply amount that is a total amount of power supplied from the power supply means and power discharged from the power storage means;
- Total power consumption acquisition means for acquiring a total power consumption that is a total amount of power consumed by the load means and power charged in the power storage means;
- Power storage control means for controlling the power storage means so as to reduce the electric power for performing the charging or discharging over a predetermined time and over a response time according to a set time constant for the power storage means; Supply that controls to change the power supplied from the power supply means over a response time according to a set time constant for the power supply means so that the supply-demand power difference falls within a predetermined range set in advance.
- An electric energy control means The time constant for the power storage means is set longer than the time constant for the power supply means, Power control system.
- the power control system according to appendix 1,
- the power storage control means sets the amount of power corresponding to the supply / demand power difference as an initial power amount when the supply / demand power difference exceeds a predetermined range, and sets the power of the initial power amount to the power
- the power storage means is controlled to charge or discharge, and the power to be charged or discharged is gradually decreased over a response time corresponding to the time constant for the power storage means so as to be a predetermined value from the initial power amount.
- Controlling the power storage means to The supply power amount control means is used for the power supply means so that the supply / demand power difference caused by gradually reducing the charge or discharge power amount by the storage means in the storage control means falls within a predetermined range. Control by changing the power supplied from the power supply means over a response time according to a time constant, Power control system.
- the power control system according to appendix 1 or 2,
- the power supply means includes at least one generator,
- the supplied power amount control means sets the supplied power amount, which is the amount of power generated by the generator, to the generator so that the supply / demand power difference falls within a predetermined range set in advance. Control by changing the response time according to the time constant for Power control system.
- the power control system according to attachment 3, wherein The power supply means includes a plurality of the generators, and a time constant for the power supply means is set for each generator.
- the time constant for the power storage means is set to be longer than the time constant for the power supply means set for at least one of the generators. Power control system.
- Appendix 8 The power control system according to any one of appendices 1 to 7, A plurality of the load means; Supply / demand situation control means for controlling to stop the supply of power to some of the load means when the supply / demand power difference exceeds a predetermined range set in advance, The power storage control unit and the supply power amount control unit operate based on the supply / demand difference after the supply of power to the partial load unit is stopped by the supply / demand situation control unit. Power control system.
- the power control system includes a power system that supplies a predetermined amount of power, and at least one generator,
- the supply and demand situation control means is configured to reduce the total amount of power that can be generated by all the generators when the supply and demand power difference exceeds a predetermined range by stopping power supply from the power system. Stopping the supply of power to the one or more load means other than the one or more load means movable at
- the power storage control means is an electric power of an initial electric energy that is an electric energy that keeps the supply / demand power difference within a predetermined range after the supply of electric power to the load means to the part is stopped by the supply / demand situation control means Is controlled to be charged or discharged by the power storage means, Power control system.
- Appendix 10 The power control system according to appendix 9, wherein The part of the load means whose supply of power is stopped by the supply and demand situation control means is preset based on the total amount of power generation that can be generated in advance for each generator, The initial amount of electric power charged or discharged by the electric storage means by the control of the electric storage control means is the total amount of electric power generated by the generator and the electric power of the load means in which the supply of electric power is not stopped by the supply and demand status control means Preset based on the difference between the total amount of consumption, Power control system.
- Power supply means for supplying power; load means for receiving and consuming the power; charging power supplied from the power supply means; or discharging power supplied to the load means
- a power control device connected to the storage means,
- a total power supply amount acquisition means for acquiring a total power supply amount that is a total amount of power supplied from the power supply means and power discharged from the power storage means;
- Total power consumption acquisition means for acquiring a total power consumption that is a total amount of power consumed by the load means and power charged in the power storage means;
- Power storage control means for controlling the power storage means so as to reduce the electric power for performing the charging or discharging over a predetermined time and over a response time according to a set time constant for the power storage means; With The power supply means supplies power supplied from the power supply means over a response time corresponding to a set time constant for the power supply means so that the supply-demand power difference falls within a predetermined range.
- the time constant for the power storage means is set longer than the time constant for the power supply means, Power control device.
- the power control device sets the amount of power corresponding to the supply / demand power difference as an initial power amount when the supply / demand power difference exceeds a predetermined range, and sets the power of the initial power amount to the power
- the power storage means is controlled to charge or discharge, and the power to be charged or discharged is gradually decreased over a response time corresponding to the time constant for the power storage means so as to be a predetermined value from the initial power amount. Controlling the power storage means to Power control device.
- a total power supply amount acquisition means for acquiring a total power supply amount that is a total amount of power supplied from the power supply means and power discharged from the power storage means;
- Total power consumption acquisition means for acquiring a total power consumption that is a total amount of power consumed by the load means and power charged in the power storage means;
- Power storage control means for controlling the power storage means so as to reduce the electric power for performing the charging or discharging over a predetermined time and over a response time according to a set time constant for the power storage means; Is a program that realizes The power supply means supplies power supplied from the power supply means over a response time corresponding to a set time constant for the power supply means so that the supply-demand power difference falls within a predetermined range.
- the time constant for the power storage means is set longer than the time constant for the power supply means, program.
- the power storage control means sets the amount of power corresponding to the supply / demand power difference as an initial power amount when the supply / demand power difference exceeds a predetermined range, and sets the power of the initial power amount to the power
- the power storage means is controlled to charge or discharge, and the power to be charged or discharged is gradually decreased over a response time corresponding to the time constant for the power storage means so as to be a predetermined value from the initial power amount. Controlling the power storage means to program.
- Power supply means for supplying power; load means for receiving and consuming the power; charging power supplied from the power supply means; or discharging power supplied to the load means
- a power control method for controlling the power of the power storage means A total power supply amount that is a total amount of power supplied from the power supply means and power discharged from the power storage means, power consumed by the load means, and power charged in the power storage means , Get the total power consumption, which is the total amount of
- the supply and demand power difference representing the difference between the total power supply amount and the total power consumption exceeds a predetermined range set in advance, the power storage means is charged or discharged to reduce the supply and demand power difference.
- the time constant for the power storage means is set longer than the time constant for the power supply means, Power control method.
- the above-described program is stored in a storage device or recorded on a computer-readable recording medium.
- the recording medium is a portable medium such as a flexible disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, and a semiconductor memory.
- the present invention can constitute a self-distributed power supply system, it is easy to introduce a small and unstable generator such as renewable energy.
- a small and unstable generator such as renewable energy.
- this technology can be applied without using advanced, highly reliable, and high-speed real-time communications and real-time controls that are cost factors. This makes it possible to stabilize the generator by autonomous distributed control in a small-scale power system, and increase the return-on-investment effect of the development of the power supply network.
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Abstract
Description
電力を供給する電力供給手段と、
電力の供給を受けて当該電力を消費する負荷手段と、
前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を充電、又は、前記負荷手段に対して供給する電力を放電する蓄電手段と、
前記電力供給手段から供給される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段から放電される電力、の総量である総電力供給量を取得する総電力供給量取得手段と、
前記負荷手段により消費される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段に充電される電力、の総量である総電力消費量を取得する総電力消費量取得手段と、
前記総電力供給量と前記総電力消費量との差を表す需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、前記蓄電手段による電力の充電又は放電を行って前記需給電力差を所定の範囲に収めるよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電を行う電力を、設定された蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御する蓄電制御手段と、
前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲に収まるよう、設定された電力供給手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を変化させるよう制御する供給電力量制御手段と、を備え、
前記蓄電手段用の時定数は、前記電力供給手段用の時定数よりも長く設定されている、
という構成を取る。
電力を供給する電力供給手段と、電力の供給を受けて当該電力を消費する負荷手段と、前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を充電、又は、前記負荷手段に対して供給する電力を放電する蓄電手段と、に接続された電力制御装置であって、
前記電力供給手段から供給される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段から放電される電力、の総量である総電力供給量を取得する総電力供給量取得手段と、
前記負荷手段により消費される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段に充電される電力、の総量である総電力消費量を取得する総電力消費量取得手段と、
前記総電力供給量と前記総電力消費量との差を表す需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、前記蓄電手段による電力の充電又は放電を行って前記需給電力差を所定の範囲に収めるよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電を行う電力を、設定された蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御する蓄電制御手段と、
を備え、
前記電力供給手段が、前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲に収まるよう、設定された電力供給手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を変化させるよう制御する供給電力量制御手段を備えている場合に、前記蓄電手段用の時定数は、前記電力供給手段用の時定数よりも長く設定されている、
という構成を取る。
電力を供給する電力供給手段と、電力の供給を受けて当該電力を消費する負荷手段と、前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を充電、又は、前記負荷手段に対して供給する電力を放電する蓄電手段と、に接続された電力制御装置に、
前記電力供給手段から供給される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段から放電される電力、の総量である総電力供給量を取得する総電力供給量取得手段と、
前記負荷手段により消費される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段に充電される電力、の総量である総電力消費量を取得する総電力消費量取得手段と、
前記総電力供給量と前記総電力消費量との差を表す需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、前記蓄電手段による電力の充電又は放電を行って前記需給電力差を所定の範囲に収めるよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電を行う電力を、設定された蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御する蓄電制御手段と、を実現させるプログラムであり、
前記電力供給手段が、前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲に収まるよう、設定された電力供給手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を変化させるよう制御する供給電力量制御手段を備えている場合に、前記蓄電手段用の時定数は、前記電力供給手段用の時定数よりも長く設定されている、
という構成を取る。
電力を供給する電力供給手段と、電力の供給を受けて当該電力を消費する負荷手段と、前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を充電、又は、前記負荷手段に対して供給する電力を放電する蓄電手段と、の電力を制御する電力制御方法であって、
前記電力供給手段から供給される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段から放電される電力、の総量である総電力供給量と、前記負荷手段により消費される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段に充電される電力、の総量である総電力消費量と、を取得し、
前記総電力供給量と前記総電力消費量との差を表す需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、前記蓄電手段による電力の充電又は放電を行って前記需給電力差を所定の範囲に収めるよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電を行う電力を、設定された蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御すると共に、
前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲に収まるよう、設定された電力供給手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を変化させるよう制御し、
前記蓄電手段用の時定数は、前記電力供給手段用の時定数よりも長く設定されている、
という構成を取る。
本発明の第1の実施形態を、図2乃至図8を参照して説明する。図2乃至図4は、電力制御システムの構成を説明するための図であり、図5乃至図8は、その動作を説明するための図である。
本発明の第2の実施形態を、図9を参照して説明する。図9に示すように、本実施形態における電力制御システムは、上述した実施形態1とほぼ同様の構成であるが、発電機2を複数(例えば、3つ)備えている。但し、発電機2の数は、図9に示す数に限定されない。
本発明の第3の実施形態を、図10乃至図13を参照して説明する。図10は、電力制御システムの構成を説明するための図であり、図11乃至図13は、その動作を説明するための図である。
上記実施形態の一部又は全部は、以下の付記のようにも記載されうる。以下、本発明における電力制御システム、プログラム、電力制御方法の構成の概略を説明する。但し、本発明は、以下の構成に限定されない。
電力を供給する電力供給手段と、
電力の供給を受けて当該電力を消費する負荷手段と、
前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を充電、又は、前記負荷手段に対して供給する電力を放電する蓄電手段と、
前記電力供給手段から供給される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段から放電される電力、の総量である総電力供給量を取得する総電力供給量取得手段と、
前記負荷手段により消費される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段に充電される電力、の総量である総電力消費量を取得する総電力消費量取得手段と、
前記総電力供給量と前記総電力消費量との差を表す需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、前記蓄電手段による電力の充電又は放電を行って前記需給電力差を所定の範囲に収めるよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電を行う電力を、設定された蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御する蓄電制御手段と、
前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲に収まるよう、設定された電力供給手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を変化させるよう制御する供給電力量制御手段と、を備え、
前記蓄電手段用の時定数は、前記電力供給手段用の時定数よりも長く設定されている、
電力制御システム。
付記1に記載の電力制御システムであって、
前記蓄電制御手段は、前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、当該需給電力差に対応する電力量を初期電力量として設定して、当該初期電力量の電力を前記蓄電手段にて充電又は放電するよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電する電力を、前記初期電力量から所定値となるように前記蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて徐々に減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御し、
前記供給電力量制御手段は、前記蓄電制御手段にて前記蓄電手段による充電又は放電の電力量が徐々に減少することによって生じる前記需給電力差が所定の範囲に収まるよう、前記電力供給手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を変化させて制御する、
電力制御システム。
付記1又は2に記載の電力制御システムであって、
前記電力供給手段は、少なくとも1つの発電機を含み、
前記供給電力量制御手段は、前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲に収まるよう、前記発電機による発電量である供給される電力量を、当該発電機に設定された前記電力供給手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて変化させて制御する、
電力制御システム。
付記3に記載の電力制御システムであって、
前記電力供給手段は、前記発電機を複数含むと共に、当該各発電機にそれぞれ前記電力供給手段用の時定数が設定されており、
前記蓄電手段用の時定数は、少なくとも1つの前記発電機に設定された前記電力供給手段用の時定数よりも長く設定されている、
電力制御システム。
付記4に記載の電力制御システムであって、
前記電力供給手段は、前記発電機をN個含み、
前記蓄電手段用の時定数は、前記発電機に設定された前記電力供給手段用の時定数が小さい順に(N-1)番目のものよりも長く設定されている、
電力制御システム。
付記4又は5に記載の電力制御システムであって、
設定された特性である前記供給電力量制御手段によって制御される前記発電機の発電量の変化量が大きいほど、当該発電機の前記電力供給手段用の時定数が短くなるよう設定されている、
電力制御システム。
付記4乃至6のいずれかに記載の電力制御システムであって、
前記発電機毎に、前記電力供給手段用の時定数を設定する電力供給手段用時定数設定手段を備えた、
電力制御システム。
付記1乃至7のいずれかに記載の電力制御システムであって、
前記負荷手段を複数備えており、
前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、前記負荷手段のうち一部の負荷手段への電力の供給を停止するよう制御する需給状況制御手段を備え、
前記蓄電制御手段及び前記供給電力量制御手段は、前記需給状況制御手段にて前記一部の負荷手段への電力の供給が停止された後における前記需給電力差に基づいて作動する、
電力制御システム。
付記8に記載の電力制御システムであって、
前記電力供給手段は、所定の電力量の電力を供給する電力系統と、少なくとも1つの発電機と、を含み、
前記需給状況制御手段は、前記電力系統からの電力供給が停止することにより前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、全ての前記発電機により発電可能な発電量の総量にて可動可能な1つ又は複数の前記負荷手段以外の前記一部の負荷手段への電力の供給を停止し、
前記蓄電制御手段は、前記需給状況制御手段にて前記一部への負荷手段への電力の供給が停止された後における前記需給電力差を所定の範囲に収める電力量である初期電力量の電力を前記蓄電手段にて充電又は放電するよう制御する、
電力制御システム。
付記9に記載の電力制御システムであって、
前記需給状況制御手段にて電力の供給が停止される前記一部の負荷手段は、前記発電機毎に予め設定された発電可能な発電量の総量に基づいて予め設定されており、
前記蓄電制御手段の制御により前記蓄電手段にて充電又は放電される初期電力量は、前記発電機の発電量の総量と、前記需給状況制御手段にて電力の供給が停止されない前記負荷手段の電力消費量の総量と、の差に基づいて予め設定されている、
電力制御システム。
電力を供給する電力供給手段と、電力の供給を受けて当該電力を消費する負荷手段と、前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を充電、又は、前記負荷手段に対して供給する電力を放電する蓄電手段と、に接続された電力制御装置であって、
前記電力供給手段から供給される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段から放電される電力、の総量である総電力供給量を取得する総電力供給量取得手段と、
前記負荷手段により消費される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段に充電される電力、の総量である総電力消費量を取得する総電力消費量取得手段と、
前記総電力供給量と前記総電力消費量との差を表す需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、前記蓄電手段による電力の充電又は放電を行って前記需給電力差を所定の範囲に収めるよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電を行う電力を、設定された蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御する蓄電制御手段と、
を備え、
前記電力供給手段が、前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲に収まるよう、設定された電力供給手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を変化させるよう制御する供給電力量制御手段を備えている場合に、前記蓄電手段用の時定数は、前記電力供給手段用の時定数よりも長く設定されている、
電力制御装置。
付記11に記載の電力制御装置であって、
前記蓄電制御手段は、前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、当該需給電力差に対応する電力量を初期電力量として設定して、当該初期電力量の電力を前記蓄電手段にて充電又は放電するよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電する電力を、前記初期電力量から所定値となるように前記蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて徐々に減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御する、
電力制御装置。
電力を供給する電力供給手段と、電力の供給を受けて当該電力を消費する負荷手段と、前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を充電、又は、前記負荷手段に対して供給する電力を放電する蓄電手段と、に接続された電力制御装置に、
前記電力供給手段から供給される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段から放電される電力、の総量である総電力供給量を取得する総電力供給量取得手段と、
前記負荷手段により消費される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段に充電される電力、の総量である総電力消費量を取得する総電力消費量取得手段と、
前記総電力供給量と前記総電力消費量との差を表す需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、前記蓄電手段による電力の充電又は放電を行って前記需給電力差を所定の範囲に収めるよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電を行う電力を、設定された蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御する蓄電制御手段と、を実現させるプログラムであり、
前記電力供給手段が、前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲に収まるよう、設定された電力供給手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を変化させるよう制御する供給電力量制御手段を備えている場合に、前記蓄電手段用の時定数は、前記電力供給手段用の時定数よりも長く設定されている、
プログラム。
付記13に記載のプログラムであって、
前記蓄電制御手段は、前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、当該需給電力差に対応する電力量を初期電力量として設定して、当該初期電力量の電力を前記蓄電手段にて充電又は放電するよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電する電力を、前記初期電力量から所定値となるように前記蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて徐々に減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御する、
プログラム。
電力を供給する電力供給手段と、電力の供給を受けて当該電力を消費する負荷手段と、前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を充電、又は、前記負荷手段に対して供給する電力を放電する蓄電手段と、の電力を制御する電力制御方法であって、
前記電力供給手段から供給される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段から放電される電力、の総量である総電力供給量と、前記負荷手段により消費される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段に充電される電力、の総量である総電力消費量と、を取得し、
前記総電力供給量と前記総電力消費量との差を表す需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、前記蓄電手段による電力の充電又は放電を行って前記需給電力差を所定の範囲に収めるよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電を行う電力を、設定された蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御すると共に、
前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲に収まるよう、設定された電力供給手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を変化させるよう制御し、
前記蓄電手段用の時定数は、前記電力供給手段用の時定数よりも長く設定されている、
電力制御方法。
付記15に記載の電力制御方法であって、
前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、当該需給電力差に対応する電力量を初期電力量として設定して、当該初期電力量の電力を前記蓄電手段にて充電又は放電するよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電する電力を、前記初期電力量から所定値となるように前記蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて徐々に減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御すると共に、
前記蓄電手段による充電又は放電の電力量が徐々に減少することによって生じる前記需給電力差が所定の範囲に収まるよう、前記電力供給手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を変化させて制御する、
電力制御方法。
2 発電機
3 配電線
4,41-44 負荷
5 電力系統
6 電力計測機器
10 制御装置
10A 演算部
10B 記憶部
11 電力供給量取得部
12 電力消費量取得部
13 蓄電装置制御部
14 電力制御部
20 ガバナ制御部
Claims (16)
- 電力を供給する電力供給手段と、
電力の供給を受けて当該電力を消費する負荷手段と、
前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を充電、又は、前記負荷手段に対して供給する電力を放電する蓄電手段と、
前記電力供給手段から供給される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段から放電される電力、の総量である総電力供給量を取得する総電力供給量取得手段と、
前記負荷手段により消費される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段に充電される電力、の総量である総電力消費量を取得する総電力消費量取得手段と、
前記総電力供給量と前記総電力消費量との差を表す需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、前記蓄電手段による電力の充電又は放電を行って前記需給電力差を所定の範囲に収めるよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電を行う電力を、設定された蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御する蓄電制御手段と、
前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲に収まるよう、設定された電力供給手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を変化させるよう制御する供給電力量制御手段と、を備え、
前記蓄電手段用の時定数は、前記電力供給手段用の時定数よりも長く設定されている、
電力制御システム。 - 請求項1に記載の電力制御システムであって、
前記蓄電制御手段は、前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、当該需給電力差に対応する電力量を初期電力量として設定して、当該初期電力量の電力を前記蓄電手段にて充電又は放電するよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電する電力を、前記初期電力量から所定値となるように前記蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて徐々に減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御し、
前記供給電力量制御手段は、前記蓄電制御手段にて前記蓄電手段による充電又は放電の電力量が徐々に減少することによって生じる前記需給電力差が所定の範囲に収まるよう、前記電力供給手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を変化させて制御する、
電力制御システム。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の電力制御システムであって、
前記電力供給手段は、少なくとも1つの発電機を含み、
前記供給電力量制御手段は、前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲に収まるよう、前記発電機による発電量である供給される電力量を、当該発電機に設定された前記電力供給手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて変化させて制御する、
電力制御システム。 - 請求項3に記載の電力制御システムであって、
前記電力供給手段は、前記発電機を複数含むと共に、当該各発電機にそれぞれ前記電力供給手段用の時定数が設定されており、
前記蓄電手段用の時定数は、少なくとも1つの前記発電機に設定された前記電力供給手段用の時定数よりも長く設定されている、
電力制御システム。 - 請求項4に記載の電力制御システムであって、
前記電力供給手段は、前記発電機をN個含み、
前記蓄電手段用の時定数は、前記発電機に設定された前記電力供給手段用の時定数が小さい順に(N-1)番目のものよりも長く設定されている、
電力制御システム。 - 請求項4又は5に記載の電力制御システムであって、
設定された特性である前記供給電力量制御手段によって制御される前記発電機の発電量の変化量が大きいほど、当該発電機の前記電力供給手段用の時定数が短くなるよう設定されている、
電力制御システム。 - 請求項4乃至6のいずれかに記載の電力制御システムであって、
前記発電機毎に、前記電力供給手段用の時定数を設定する電力供給手段用時定数設定手段を備えた、
電力制御システム。 - 請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の電力制御システムであって、
前記負荷手段を複数備えており、
前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、前記負荷手段のうち一部の負荷手段への電力の供給を停止するよう制御する需給状況制御手段を備え、
前記蓄電制御手段及び前記供給電力量制御手段は、前記需給状況制御手段にて前記一部の負荷手段への電力の供給が停止された後における前記需給電力差に基づいて作動する、
電力制御システム。 - 請求項8に記載の電力制御システムであって、
前記電力供給手段は、所定の電力量の電力を供給する電力系統と、少なくとも1つの発電機と、を含み、
前記需給状況制御手段は、前記電力系統からの電力供給が停止することにより前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、全ての前記発電機により発電可能な発電量の総量にて可動可能な1つ又は複数の前記負荷手段以外の前記一部の負荷手段への電力の供給を停止し、
前記蓄電制御手段は、前記需給状況制御手段にて前記一部への負荷手段への電力の供給が停止された後における前記需給電力差を所定の範囲に収める電力量である初期電力量の電力を前記蓄電手段にて充電又は放電するよう制御する、
電力制御システム。 - 請求項9に記載の電力制御システムであって、
前記需給状況制御手段にて電力の供給が停止される前記一部の負荷手段は、前記発電機毎に予め設定された発電可能な発電量の総量に基づいて予め設定されており、
前記蓄電制御手段の制御により前記蓄電手段にて充電又は放電される初期電力量は、前記発電機の発電量の総量と、前記需給状況制御手段にて電力の供給が停止されない前記負荷手段の電力消費量の総量と、の差に基づいて予め設定されている、
電力制御システム。 - 電力を供給する電力供給手段と、電力の供給を受けて当該電力を消費する負荷手段と、前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を充電、又は、前記負荷手段に対して供給する電力を放電する蓄電手段と、に接続された電力制御装置であって、
前記電力供給手段から供給される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段から放電される電力、の総量である総電力供給量を取得する総電力供給量取得手段と、
前記負荷手段により消費される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段に充電される電力、の総量である総電力消費量を取得する総電力消費量取得手段と、
前記総電力供給量と前記総電力消費量との差を表す需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、前記蓄電手段による電力の充電又は放電を行って前記需給電力差を所定の範囲に収めるよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電を行う電力を、設定された蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御する蓄電制御手段と、
を備え、
前記電力供給手段が、前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲に収まるよう、設定された電力供給手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を変化させるよう制御する供給電力量制御手段を備えている場合に、前記蓄電手段用の時定数は、前記電力供給手段用の時定数よりも長く設定されている、
電力制御装置。 - 請求項11に記載の電力制御装置であって、
前記蓄電制御手段は、前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、当該需給電力差に対応する電力量を初期電力量として設定して、当該初期電力量の電力を前記蓄電手段にて充電又は放電するよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電する電力を、前記初期電力量から所定値となるように前記蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて徐々に減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御する、
電力制御装置。 - 電力を供給する電力供給手段と、電力の供給を受けて当該電力を消費する負荷手段と、前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を充電、又は、前記負荷手段に対して供給する電力を放電する蓄電手段と、に接続された電力制御装置に、
前記電力供給手段から供給される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段から放電される電力、の総量である総電力供給量を取得する総電力供給量取得手段と、
前記負荷手段により消費される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段に充電される電力、の総量である総電力消費量を取得する総電力消費量取得手段と、
前記総電力供給量と前記総電力消費量との差を表す需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、前記蓄電手段による電力の充電又は放電を行って前記需給電力差を所定の範囲に収めるよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電を行う電力を、設定された蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御する蓄電制御手段と、を実現させるプログラムであり、
前記電力供給手段が、前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲に収まるよう、設定された電力供給手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を変化させるよう制御する供給電力量制御手段を備えている場合に、前記蓄電手段用の時定数は、前記電力供給手段用の時定数よりも長く設定されている、
プログラム。 - 請求項13に記載のプログラムであって、
前記蓄電制御手段は、前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、当該需給電力差に対応する電力量を初期電力量として設定して、当該初期電力量の電力を前記蓄電手段にて充電又は放電するよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電する電力を、前記初期電力量から所定値となるように前記蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて徐々に減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御する、
プログラム。 - 電力を供給する電力供給手段と、電力の供給を受けて当該電力を消費する負荷手段と、前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を充電、又は、前記負荷手段に対して供給する電力を放電する蓄電手段と、の電力を制御する電力制御方法であって、
前記電力供給手段から供給される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段から放電される電力、の総量である総電力供給量と、前記負荷手段により消費される電力、及び、前記蓄電手段に充電される電力、の総量である総電力消費量と、を取得し、
前記総電力供給量と前記総電力消費量との差を表す需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、前記蓄電手段による電力の充電又は放電を行って前記需給電力差を所定の範囲に収めるよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電を行う電力を、設定された蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御すると共に、
前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲に収まるよう、設定された電力供給手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を変化させるよう制御し、
前記蓄電手段用の時定数は、前記電力供給手段用の時定数よりも長く設定されている、
電力制御方法。 - 請求項15に記載の電力制御方法であって、
前記需給電力差が予め設定された所定の範囲を超えたときに、当該需給電力差に対応する電力量を初期電力量として設定して、当該初期電力量の電力を前記蓄電手段にて充電又は放電するよう制御すると共に、当該充電又は放電する電力を、前記初期電力量から所定値となるように前記蓄電手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて徐々に減少させるよう前記蓄電手段を制御すると共に、
前記蓄電手段による充電又は放電の電力量が徐々に減少することによって生じる前記需給電力差が所定の範囲に収まるよう、前記電力供給手段用の時定数に応じた応答時間をかけて前記電力供給手段から供給される電力を変化させて制御する、
電力制御方法。
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