WO2014155753A1 - Method for pretreatment of gold ore - Google Patents
Method for pretreatment of gold ore Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014155753A1 WO2014155753A1 PCT/JP2013/060870 JP2013060870W WO2014155753A1 WO 2014155753 A1 WO2014155753 A1 WO 2014155753A1 JP 2013060870 W JP2013060870 W JP 2013060870W WO 2014155753 A1 WO2014155753 A1 WO 2014155753A1
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- gold
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- gold ore
- pyrite
- leaching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gold ore pretreatment method for recovering gold from a gold ore containing pyrite by wet treatment.
- a technique using a wet method is known as a method for recovering gold from sulfide minerals containing gold.
- leaching of gold in sulfide minerals into solutions has been performed by using chemicals such as cyanide, thiourea, thiosulfuric acid, and halogen gas.
- leaching agents having lower toxicity chloride ions, iron ions, as described in JP-A-2008-106347 (Patent Document 1) and JP-A-2009-235525 (Patent Document 2), It has also been proposed to use a gold leaching solution utilizing copper ions and bromide ions.
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-235999 (Patent Document 3), copper sulfide mineral is leached at a temperature lower than the melting point of sulfur, and sulfur obtained into fine particles from the obtained leaching residue and remains without leaching. Sulfide particles are levitated by utilizing the difference in hydrophobicity from other iron oxides and gangue components, while iron oxide and gangue components are settled or separated as sedimentation to separate them in the leach residue. Concentrate the gold contained in the. After that, the concentrated gold-containing component is oxidized and roasted after removing sulfur to convert the iron component to iron oxide (hematite), and then dissolved using sulfuric acid to recover the gold-enriched residue. Is done.
- JP 2005-042155 A proposes a method of removing pyrite from the residue, increasing the content ratio of the noble metal contained therein, and concentrating it.
- Patent Document 2 gold can be easily leached without using chemicals such as highly toxic cyanide, thiourea, thiosulfuric acid, and halogen gas. Although it is very practical for gold leaching, the gold leaching rate is insufficient when it is applied to pyrite.
- Patent Document 3 pretreatment using oxidation roasting performed by supplying oxygen as described in JP 2010-235999 A (Patent Document 3) removes sulfur in advance and facilitates iron leaching. A method is also conceivable.
- Pretreatment to increase the gold leaching rate is reduced from the viewpoint of safety and environment, sulfur dioxide generated in the mineral treatment process for gold leaching is reduced, safety is increased, and the impact on the environment is low. It is desirable to make it. And if it is a pretreatment applicable also to the gold ore containing a large amount of pyrite that has been considered difficult to put into practical use, it is thought that it will greatly contribute to the progress of gold mine development.
- Patent Document 4 is a process based on the premise that the noble metal is recovered by a dry process in view of the problem in the method of recovering the noble metal by a wet method. This is not assumed (see paragraphs 0007 to 0008, 0078, etc. of Patent Document 4). In addition, there is no suggestion of what effect can be obtained by wet processing. *
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is a gold ore pretreatment method for recovering gold from a gold ore containing pyrite by wet treatment, suppressing generation of sulfur dioxide, and It is an object of the present invention to provide a pretreatment method capable of improving the gold recovery rate.
- the present invention is a pretreatment method for recovering gold contained in a gold ore containing pyrite (FeS 2 ) by wet treatment, wherein the pyrite in the gold ore is converted into a hydrochloric acid-soluble iron compound. It is the pre-processing method including the process to convert.
- the solubility of hydrochloric acid contained in the gold ore after the pretreatment with respect to the total Fe content (Fe all ) contained in the gold ore after the pretreatment includes a step of converting pyrite so that the Fe content (Fe sol ) is 0.6 or more.
- the hydrochloric acid-soluble iron compound in the gold ore after the pretreatment is a sulfide.
- the content of pyrite in the gold ore before the pretreatment is 5 to 80% by mass.
- S (mass%) / Au (mass ppm) in the gold ore before the pretreatment is 1 to 20.
- the pretreatment involves heat treatment.
- the heat treatment includes heating the gold ore to 450 ° C. or higher in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
- the heat treatment is performed under the condition that the gold ore is held at 600 to 750 ° C. for 5 to 60 minutes.
- the improved gold leaching rate is dramatic when a specific gold leaching solution is used. That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an extremely practical gold leaching method that is excellent in safety and environmental conservation.
- Pretreatment In one embodiment of a pretreatment method for recovering gold contained in gold ore containing pyrite (FeS 2 ) according to the present invention by wet treatment, pyrite in the gold ore is converted into hydrochloric acid-soluble iron. Converting to a compound.
- hydrochloric acid contained in the gold ore after pretreatment with respect to the total Fe content (Fe all ) contained in the gold ore after pretreatment. It includes a step of converting pyrite so that the content of soluble Fe (Fe sol ) is 0.6 or more.
- the present invention is intended for gold ore containing pyrite. This is because the purpose of the present invention is to increase the gold leaching rate in pyrite, which is hardly soluble and has a low gold leaching rate. However, other requirements such as the concentration of gold in the ore are not important.
- the gold ore to be treated in the present invention may be subjected to a conventional beneficiation process such as flotation or specific gravity sorting. Grinding can reduce the particle size of the ore so that the gold leachate can easily come into contact with the gold inside the ore.
- the gold concentration in the gold ore is typically about 0.1 to 100 ppm by mass, and more typically about 1 to 20 ppm by mass.
- the gold ore may contain chalcopyrite, galena, sphalerite, arsenite, kyanite, pyrrhotite, etc., but in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention pyrite Is used, and in a more typical embodiment of the present invention, gold ore containing pyrite in an amount of 10% by mass or more, and further 30% by mass or more is used.
- concentration of sulfur content (S / Au) with respect to the gold content in the ore increases, and it is generally difficult to efficiently recover gold. Therefore, the effect of the pretreatment according to the present invention is remarkably exhibited by using such gold ore with a high pyrite concentration.
- S (mass%) / Au (mass ppm) is 1 to 20, preferably 1.5 to 20, and more preferably 1.5 to 10.
- the content of pyrite in the gold ore is not particularly limited, and may be 100% by mass, but typically 80% by mass or less.
- “more than a specific amount” means that the total Fe content in the pretreated gold ore is Fe all , and the hydrochloric acid soluble Fe contained in the pretreated gold ore.
- Fe sol / Fe all is 0.6 or more, and Fe sol / Fe all is preferably 0.8 or more, more preferably 0.9 or more.
- the upper limit of Fe sol / Fe all is 1.0 when pyrite is completely converted.
- the pyrite after pretreatment is sulfide.
- the generation of sulfur oxides is unavoidable, and the amount thereof is not a simple removal means such as a shower tower, and an apparatus capable of sufficiently removing is required.
- Heat treatment is required so that the pyrite after pretreatment remains in the sulfide.
- the conversion process can be performed by heat treatment.
- the conversion step is preferably performed under conditions (non-oxidizing atmosphere) in which mixing of oxygen is suppressed.
- the amount of sulfur oxide generated is small, and there is no need to install a separate sulfuric acid production facility to treat it. It can be removed sufficiently with a shower tower. If it is a non-oxidizing atmosphere, installation of a shower tower may be unnecessary.
- the gold ore after undergoing the conversion step has a significantly improved solubility in the gold leaching solution described later, and the gold leaching rate can be increased by about 10 times compared to the case where the gold ore does not pass through the conversion step. It was very surprising that such a result was obtained.
- Non-oxidizing atmosphere for carrying out the conversion step includes inert atmospheres such as ammonia, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, rare gas atmospheres such as argon and helium, nitrogen atmospheres and carbon dioxide atmospheres.
- inert atmospheres such as ammonia, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, rare gas atmospheres such as argon and helium, nitrogen atmospheres and carbon dioxide atmospheres.
- an atmosphere is mentioned, an inert atmosphere is preferable from the viewpoint of preventing an unexpected reaction. Or you may circulate and use the exhaust gas used for thermal decomposition.
- the temperature of the gold ore in order to promote thermal decomposition of pyrite, it is desirable to maintain the temperature of the gold ore at 450 ° C. or higher, preferably 550 ° C. or higher, and more preferably 650 ° C. or higher. preferable. Moreover, it is preferable that a conversion process continues holding temperature for 5 minutes or more, and it is more preferable to continue for 15 minutes or more. This is because the thermal decomposition reaction proceeds sufficiently. However, if the temperature of the gold ore is excessively increased, the energy required for the temperature increase and the treatment time may be increased. Therefore, the holding temperature is preferably 800 ° C. or less, and more preferably 750 ° C. or less. Similarly, the time for maintaining the holding temperature is also preferably 120 minutes or less, and more preferably 60 minutes or less.
- heating furnace for carrying out the conversion step, but for example, a tubular furnace or a rotary kiln can be used.
- wet treatment step The gold ore after the pretreatment exhibits the effect of the present invention by collecting gold by a wet treatment.
- the wet treatment include, but are not limited to, gold leaching with a cyan bath combined with autoclave treatment or gold leaching with an acid bath.
- gold ore containing pyrite is generally reacted with water and oxygen at high temperature and high pressure (eg, 200 ° C, 30 atm) in a pressure-resistant vessel to convert iron sulfide into iron oxide. After leaching gold. This is called autoclave treatment because an autoclave is used for the pressure-resistant container.
- the oxidation reaction of iron sulfide is represented by the following formula.
- the pyrite in the gold ore can be converted into an iron sulfide that is soluble in acid, so that the leachate can be brought into contact with the gold in the iron sulfide earlier.
- the type and process of acid when gold is leached with an acid bath to the gold ore after pretreatment is not limited, but as an effective gold leaching process, gold containing halide ions, copper ions and iron ions is used.
- gold leaching step including a step of leaching a gold component in the gold ore by bringing the leaching solution into contact with the oxidant under supply.
- Gold leaching proceeds when the eluted gold reacts with halide ions, particularly chloride ions or bromide ions, to form gold halide complexes, particularly gold chloride complexes or gold bromide complexes.
- Chloride ions alone may be used as halide ions in the gold leaching solution.
- chloride ions and bromide ions in combination, a complex is formed at a lower potential, thereby improving gold leaching efficiency. be able to.
- the iron ions function to oxidize gold by trivalent iron ions oxidized under the supply of an oxidizing agent or trivalent iron ions from the beginning.
- the gold leachate preferably contains copper ions. This is because copper ions are not directly involved in the reaction, but the presence of copper ions increases the oxidation rate of iron ions.
- chloride metal salt examples include copper chloride (cuprous chloride, cupric chloride), iron chloride (ferrous chloride, ferric chloride), and alkali metals (lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, francium). And chlorides of alkaline earth metals (beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, radium), and sodium chloride is preferred from the viewpoint of economy and availability. Moreover, since it can utilize also as a supply source of copper ion and iron ion, it is also preferable to utilize copper chloride and iron chloride.
- the source of bromide ions is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include hydrogen bromide, hydrobromic acid, metal bromide, bromine gas, and the like.
- the form of metal bromide salt It is preferable to supply by.
- metal bromide salts include copper bromide (cuprous bromide, cupric bromide), iron bromide (ferrous bromide, ferric bromide), and alkali metals (lithium, sodium, potassium). , Rubidium, cesium, francium) and bromides of alkaline earth metals (beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, radium), and sodium bromide is preferred from the viewpoint of economy and availability.
- it can utilize also as a supply source of copper ion and iron ion, it is also preferable to utilize copper bromide and iron bromide.
- Copper ions and iron ions are usually supplied in the form of these salts.
- they can be supplied in the form of halide salts.
- copper ions are preferably supplied as copper chloride and / or copper bromide
- iron ions are preferably supplied as iron chloride and / or iron bromide.
- copper chloride and iron chloride it is preferable to use cupric chloride (CuCl 2 ) and ferric chloride (FeCl 3 ) from the viewpoint of oxidizing power, respectively, but cuprous chloride (CuCl) and ferric chloride are preferable.
- the concentration of chloride ions in the gold leaching solution used in the gold leaching step is more preferably 30 g / L to 180 g / L.
- the concentration of bromide ions in the gold leaching solution used in the gold leaching step is preferably 1 g / L to 100 g / L from the viewpoint of reaction rate and solubility, and 10 g / L to 40 g / L from the viewpoint of economy. It is more preferable that
- the total concentration of chloride ions and bromide ions in the gold leaching solution is preferably 120 g / L to 200 g / L. From the viewpoint of gold leaching efficiency, the weight concentration ratio of bromide ions to chloride ions in the gold leaching solution is preferably 1 or more.
- the oxidation-reduction potential (vs Ag / AgCl) of the leachate at the start of the gold leaching process (immediately before contacting the leachate with the ore) is preferably 550 mV or more, and preferably 600 mV or more from the viewpoint of promoting gold leaching. More preferred. Further, it is preferably maintained at 550 mV or more during gold leaching, and more preferably maintained at 600 mV or more. From the viewpoint of promoting the leaching of gold by allowing trivalent iron to be present in the leaching solution, the pH of the gold leaching solution is preferably maintained at 2.0 or less, and more preferably 1.8 or less. The temperature of the gold leachate is preferably 45 ° C.
- the leachate will evaporate and the heating cost will increase. It is preferable to set it as follows, and it is more preferable to set it as 85 degrees C or less.
- At least one of hydrochloric acid and bromic acid and cupric chloride are selected on the condition that the gold leaching solution in the gold leaching step is selected to contain both chloride ions and bromide ions.
- at least one of cupric bromide, at least one of ferric chloride and ferric bromide, and at least one of sodium chloride and sodium bromide can be used.
- the gold leaching process is carried out while supplying the oxidizing agent, thereby managing the redox potential. If an oxidizing agent is not added, the redox potential is lowered in the middle, and the leaching reaction does not proceed.
- an oxidizing agent For example, oxygen, air, chlorine, a bromine, hydrogen peroxide, etc. are mentioned. An oxidant with an extremely high redox potential is not necessary and air is sufficient. Air is also preferable from the viewpoint of economy and safety.
- elemental sulfur can separate gold and elemental sulfur by heating the gold ore after pretreatment to a temperature sufficient for elemental sulfur to melt and separating it.
- gold After gold leaching reaction, gold can be recovered from a gold solution obtained by solid-liquid separation.
- gold there is no restriction
- the sulfur component is present in the form of sulfate, sulfide, elemental sulfur, etc. in the solution after leaching, but can be separated during solid-liquid separation after gold leaching reaction or gold recovery operation.
- the metal analysis method used in the examples was ICP-AES.
- gold in the sample was precipitated by the ash blowing method (JIS M8111), and then quantitative analysis was performed by ICP-AES.
- the pyrite concentrate was pulverized and ground with a ball mill, and the particle size (d80) at which the cumulative weight was 80% in the cumulative weight particle size distribution curve was adjusted to 50 ⁇ m.
- d80 is an average value when measured three times with a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring apparatus (model SALD2100 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation).
- the pyrite concentrate (200 g) after milling was subjected to a leaching treatment for 90 hours at a liquid temperature of 85 ° C. with a pulp concentration of 100 g / L using a hydrochloric acid acidic gold leachate having the composition shown in Table 1. It was.
- FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the leaching time and the Au quality in the residue obtained from the results of the test (see the plot “FeS 2 no thermal decomposition” in FIG. 1). From this result, it can be seen that it takes 90 hours for the Au quality in the residue, which was initially about 6 g / t, to be reduced to 0.9 g / t.
- the pyrite concentrate after heat treatment was subjected to a leaching treatment for 18 hours at a liquid temperature of 85 ° C. using a hydrochloric acid acidic gold leaching solution having the same composition as Comparative Example 1 to a pulp concentration of 100 g / L.
- a hydrochloric acid acidic gold leaching solution having the same composition as Comparative Example 1 to a pulp concentration of 100 g / L.
- air blowing 0.1 L / min with respect to 1 L of concentrate
- stirring were continued, and the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP: vs Ag / AgCl) was maintained at 400 mV or higher.
- ORP oxidation-reduction potential
- hydrochloric acid was appropriately added so that the pH of the gold leaching solution was maintained at 1.0 to 1.1.
- FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the leaching time and the Au quality in the residue obtained from the results of the test (see the “FeS 2 thermal decomposition” plot in FIG. 1). From this result, it can be seen that the Au quality in the residue, which was about 6 g / t at the beginning, decreased to 0.6 g / t in just 12 hours.
- the leaching rate of Au was slower than that containing bromide ions, but almost the same results were obtained.
- Example 2 Temperature at which thermal decomposition occurs>
- the pyrite concentrate after milling used in Example 1 was subjected to thermal analysis under a nitrogen atmosphere (model TG / DTA6300 manufactured by Seiko Co., Ltd.), and the change in weight and endotherm-exotherm at each temperature were investigated.
- the heating rate was 20 ° C. per minute.
- the results are shown in FIG.
- the decrease in mass begins at 450 ° C, and at the same time heat generation is seen, indicating that the decomposition of pyrite has started.
- a nitrogen atmosphere pyrolysis of pyrite will not occur unless the temperature is raised to at least 450 ° C.
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Abstract
Description
本発明に係る黄鉄鉱(FeS2)を含有する金鉱石中に含まれる金を湿式処理により回収するための前処理方法の一実施形態においては、金鉱石中の黄鉄鉱を塩酸溶解性の鉄化合物に変換する工程を含む。本発明に係る金鉱石の前処理方法の好ましい実施形態においては、前処理後の金鉱石中に含まれる全Feの含有量(Feall)に対して、前処理後の金鉱石に含まれる塩酸溶解性のFeの含有量(Fesol)が0.6以上となるように黄鉄鉱を変換する工程を含む。 1. Pretreatment In one embodiment of a pretreatment method for recovering gold contained in gold ore containing pyrite (FeS 2 ) according to the present invention by wet treatment, pyrite in the gold ore is converted into hydrochloric acid-soluble iron. Converting to a compound. In a preferred embodiment of the pretreatment method for gold ore according to the present invention, hydrochloric acid contained in the gold ore after pretreatment with respect to the total Fe content (Fe all ) contained in the gold ore after pretreatment. It includes a step of converting pyrite so that the content of soluble Fe (Fe sol ) is 0.6 or more.
本発明が対象とするのは黄鉄鉱を含有する金鉱石である。というのは、本発明では難溶性で金浸出率の低い黄鉄鉱中の金の浸出率を高めることを目的とするからである。しかしながら、それ以外の要件、例えば、鉱石中の金の濃度の大小は問わない。本発明の処理対象となる金鉱石は、浮遊選鉱や比重選別といった慣用の選鉱処理を経たものとすることもできる。粉砕摩鉱して鉱石の粒径を小さくし、金浸出液が鉱石内部の金に接触しやすいようにすることもできる。金鉱石中の金濃度は典型的には0.1~100質量ppm程度であり、より典型的には1~20質量ppm程度である。 (1) Gold ore The present invention is intended for gold ore containing pyrite. This is because the purpose of the present invention is to increase the gold leaching rate in pyrite, which is hardly soluble and has a low gold leaching rate. However, other requirements such as the concentration of gold in the ore are not important. The gold ore to be treated in the present invention may be subjected to a conventional beneficiation process such as flotation or specific gravity sorting. Grinding can reduce the particle size of the ore so that the gold leachate can easily come into contact with the gold inside the ore. The gold concentration in the gold ore is typically about 0.1 to 100 ppm by mass, and more typically about 1 to 20 ppm by mass.
従来技術では酸素や空気の存在下で酸化焙焼していたため、硫化鉱物中の硫黄が酸素と結合して酸化硫黄を生じさせていた。本発明においてはそのような酸化焙焼は実質的に行わない。本発明においては、硫黄酸化物の発生抑制の観点から、前処理によって黄鉄鉱を鉄硫化物に留めつつも、塩酸溶解性の鉄硫化物に変換することが好ましい。鉱石中の鉄が塩酸溶解性の鉄硫化物であり、特定の量以上あれば、次の工程の浸出工程では、改善された金の浸出速度が顕著に得られる。 (2) Conversion process In the prior art, since oxidation roasting was performed in the presence of oxygen or air, sulfur in the sulfide mineral was combined with oxygen to produce sulfur oxide. In the present invention, such oxidation roasting is not substantially performed. In the present invention, from the viewpoint of suppressing the generation of sulfur oxides, it is preferable to convert pyrite into iron sulfides that are soluble in hydrochloric acid, while preserving pyrite in iron sulfides. If the iron in the ore is an iron sulfide that is soluble in hydrochloric acid and exceeds a specific amount, an improved gold leaching rate can be obtained significantly in the leaching step of the next step.
前処理後の金鉱石は、湿式処理にて金を回収することにより本発明の効果が発揮される。湿式処理については、オートクレーブ処理と組み合わせたシアン浴による金の浸出、あるいは酸性浴による金の浸出が挙げられるが、これに限定されるものではない。 2. Wet treatment step The gold ore after the pretreatment exhibits the effect of the present invention by collecting gold by a wet treatment. Examples of the wet treatment include, but are not limited to, gold leaching with a cyan bath combined with autoclave treatment or gold leaching with an acid bath.
前処理を行わない金鉱石の場合、鉄硫化物の酸化反応は、次式で示される。
4FeS2+15O2+8H2O → 2Fe2O3+8H2SO4 ― (1)
一方、前処理を実施した金鉱石の場合、硫化物の酸化により硫酸が生成し、生成した硫酸で、酸に可溶な鉄化合物を浸出できるため、反応時間の短縮が可能となる。 In gold leaching using a cyan bath, gold ore containing pyrite is generally reacted with water and oxygen at high temperature and high pressure (eg, 200 ° C, 30 atm) in a pressure-resistant vessel to convert iron sulfide into iron oxide. After leaching gold. This is called autoclave treatment because an autoclave is used for the pressure-resistant container.
In the case of gold ore without pretreatment, the oxidation reaction of iron sulfide is represented by the following formula.
4FeS 2 + 15O 2 + 8H 2 O → 2Fe 2 O 3 + 8H 2 SO 4 ― (1)
On the other hand, in the case of gold ore that has been subjected to pretreatment, sulfuric acid is generated by oxidation of sulfides, and an iron compound that is soluble in acid can be leached with the generated sulfuric acid, so that the reaction time can be reduced.
金鉱石として黄鉄鉱精鉱(パプアニューギニア国産)を準備した。この黄鉄鉱精鉱中の黄鉄鉱の含有量をXRDと化学分析により算定したところ、17質量%であった。精鉱中のS(質量%)/Au(質量ppm)は1.4であった。また、先述した方法に従ってFesol/Feallを測定したところ、0であった。 <Comparative Example 1>
Pyrite concentrate (produced in Papua New Guinea) was prepared as gold ore. It was 17 mass% when content of the pyrite in this pyrite concentrate was calculated by XRD and chemical analysis. S (mass%) / Au (mass ppm) in the concentrate was 1.4. Further, when Fe sol / Fe all was measured according to the method described above, it was 0.
比較例1と同じ摩鉱後の黄鉄鉱精鉱(1.5kg)を管状炉に装入し、窒素雰囲気下で1時間かけて700℃まで昇温(昇温速度=10℃/min)した後、1時間加熱した。室温まで放冷後、加熱処理前後のXRD解析により、元鉱中に含まれていたFeS2のピークが消失し、FeSのピークが生じたことを確認した。熱処理により生じた単体硫黄は固気分離によって黄鉄鉱精鉱から自然と除去された。 <Example 1>
The same pyrite concentrate (1.5 kg) after milling as in Comparative Example 1 was charged into a tubular furnace and heated to 700 ° C. (temperature increase rate = 10 ° C./min) over 1 hour in a nitrogen atmosphere. Heated for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, the XRD analysis before and after the heat treatment confirmed that the FeS 2 peak contained in the original ore disappeared and the FeS peak was generated. Elemental sulfur produced by heat treatment was naturally removed from pyrite concentrate by solid-gas separation.
実施例1で使用した摩鉱後の黄鉄鉱精鉱(1.5kg)に対して、表2に記載のように保持温度及び保持時間を変化させたときのFesol/Feallの変化を調査した。Fesol/Feallの値は実施例1と同様の手順で求めた。また、先述した方法に従ってFe/Sも測定した。実験は管状炉を使用し、窒素雰囲気下で行った。熱分解により生成する単体硫黄は蒸発させて窒素気流により除いた。昇温速度はすべて10℃/minとした。冷却は室温になるまで放冷した。結果を表2に示す。 <Changes in Fe sol / Fe all given by pyrolysis conditions>
The change in Fe sol / Fe all when the holding temperature and holding time were changed as shown in Table 2 for the pyrite concentrate (1.5 kg) after milling used in Example 1 was investigated. . The value of Fe sol / Fe all was determined by the same procedure as in Example 1. Further, Fe / S was also measured according to the method described above. The experiment was performed using a tubular furnace under a nitrogen atmosphere. Elemental sulfur produced by pyrolysis was evaporated and removed by a nitrogen stream. The heating rate was all 10 ° C./min. Cooling was allowed to cool to room temperature. The results are shown in Table 2.
実施例1で使用した摩鉱後の黄鉄鉱精鉱に対し、窒素雰囲気下での熱分析(セイコー社製型式TG/DTA6300)により、各温度における重量変化と吸熱-発熱を調査した。昇温速度は毎分20℃とした。結果を図2に示す。450℃で質量の減少が始まり、同時に発熱が見られることから黄鉄鉱の分解が始まっていることが判る。窒素雰囲気下では最低でも450℃まで昇温しなければ黄鉄鉱の熱分解は生じない。ただし、上述したXRD解析の結果からみると、450℃付近では熱分解に長時間を要すると考えられ、600℃以上での加熱処理が望ましい。 <Example 2: Temperature at which thermal decomposition occurs>
The pyrite concentrate after milling used in Example 1 was subjected to thermal analysis under a nitrogen atmosphere (model TG / DTA6300 manufactured by Seiko Co., Ltd.), and the change in weight and endotherm-exotherm at each temperature were investigated. The heating rate was 20 ° C. per minute. The results are shown in FIG. The decrease in mass begins at 450 ° C, and at the same time heat generation is seen, indicating that the decomposition of pyrite has started. In a nitrogen atmosphere, pyrolysis of pyrite will not occur unless the temperature is raised to at least 450 ° C. However, from the above-mentioned XRD analysis results, it is considered that the thermal decomposition takes a long time at around 450 ° C., and the heat treatment at 600 ° C. or higher is desirable.
Claims (8)
- 黄鉄鉱(FeS2)を含有する金鉱石中に含まれる金を湿式処理により回収するための前処理方法であって、金鉱石中の黄鉄鉱を塩酸溶解性の鉄化合物に変換する工程を含む前処理方法。 A pretreatment method for recovering gold contained in a gold ore containing pyrite (FeS 2 ) by wet treatment, comprising a step of converting pyrite in the gold ore into a hydrochloric acid-soluble iron compound Method.
- 前処理後の金鉱石中に含まれる全Feの含有量(Feall)に対して、前処理後の金鉱石に含まれる塩酸溶解性のFeの含有量(Fesol)が0.6以上となるように黄鉄鉱を変換する工程を含む請求項1の金鉱石の前処理方法。 With respect to the total Fe content (Fe all ) contained in the gold ore after pretreatment, the content (Fe sol ) of hydrochloric acid-soluble Fe contained in the gold ore after pretreatment is 0.6 or more. The method for pretreating gold ore according to claim 1, comprising the step of converting pyrite so as to be.
- 前処理後の金鉱石中の塩酸溶解性の鉄化合物が硫化物である請求項1又は2に記載の金鉱石の前処理方法。 The gold ore pretreatment method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydrochloric acid-soluble iron compound in the gold ore after the pretreatment is a sulfide.
- 前処理前の金鉱石中の黄鉄鉱の含有量が5~80質量%である請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の金鉱石の前処理方法。 The gold ore pretreatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the content of pyrite in the gold ore before pretreatment is 5 to 80% by mass.
- 前処理前の金鉱石中のS(質量%)/Au(質量ppm)が1~20である請求項1~4の何れか一項に記載の金鉱石の前処理方法。 The gold ore pretreatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein S (mass%) / Au (mass ppm) in the gold ore before pretreatment is 1 to 20.
- 前処理が熱処理を伴う請求項1~5の何れか一項に記載の金鉱石の前処理方法。 6. The gold ore pretreatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the pretreatment involves heat treatment.
- 熱処理が非酸化性雰囲気で金鉱石を450℃以上に加熱することを含むこと請求項6に記載の金鉱石の前処理方法。 The pretreatment method for gold ore according to claim 6, wherein the heat treatment includes heating the gold ore to 450 ° C or higher in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
- 熱処理は金鉱石を600~750℃で5~60分保持する条件下で行われる請求項6又は7に記載の金鉱石の前処理方法。 The gold ore pretreatment method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the heat treatment is performed under a condition in which the gold ore is held at 600 to 750 ° C for 5 to 60 minutes.
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