WO2014155422A1 - 導電性高分子微粒子分散体の製造方法およびその導電性高分子微粒子分散体を用いた電解コンデンサの製造方法 - Google Patents
導電性高分子微粒子分散体の製造方法およびその導電性高分子微粒子分散体を用いた電解コンデンサの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014155422A1 WO2014155422A1 PCT/JP2013/002155 JP2013002155W WO2014155422A1 WO 2014155422 A1 WO2014155422 A1 WO 2014155422A1 JP 2013002155 W JP2013002155 W JP 2013002155W WO 2014155422 A1 WO2014155422 A1 WO 2014155422A1
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- Prior art keywords
- conductive polymer
- particle dispersion
- polyanion
- water
- fine particle
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229920000447 polyanionic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920000172 poly(styrenesulfonic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229940005642 polystyrene sulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000003577 thiophenes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241001550224 Apha Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 229960002796 polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 239000011970 polystyrene sulfonate Substances 0.000 description 11
- GKWLILHTTGWKLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxine Chemical compound O1CCOC2=CSC=C21 GKWLILHTTGWKLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 6
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229940006186 sodium polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QENGPZGAWFQWCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Methylthiophene Chemical compound CC=1C=CSC=1 QENGPZGAWFQWCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000014 iron salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- GOTHKCARNFTUSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-decylthiophene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CS1 GOTHKCARNFTUSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZSSXTMHSXMZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-butoxythiophene Chemical compound CCCCOC=1C=CSC=1 NZSSXTMHSXMZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPOCSQCZXMATFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-butylthiophene Chemical compound CCCCC=1C=CSC=1 KPOCSQCZXMATFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RDEGOEYUQCUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethoxythiophene Chemical compound CCOC=1C=CSC=1 RDEGOEYUQCUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLDBAXYJAIRQMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethylthiophene Chemical compound CCC=1C=CSC=1 SLDBAXYJAIRQMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUUMHORDQCAXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-heptylthiophene Chemical compound CCCCCCCC=1C=CSC=1 IUUMHORDQCAXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEDHEMYZURJGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hexylthiophene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=1C=CSC=1 JEDHEMYZURJGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HGDGACBSGVRCSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methoxy-4-methylthiophene Chemical compound COC1=CSC=C1C HGDGACBSGVRCSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFSKGCVUDQRZSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methoxythiophene Chemical compound COC=1C=CSC=1 RFSKGCVUDQRZSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUHSVAMCIZLNDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nonylthiophene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC=1C=CSC=1 UUHSVAMCIZLNDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQYWXQCOYRZFAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-octylthiophene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=1C=CSC=1 WQYWXQCOYRZFAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QZNFRMXKQCIPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-propylthiophene Chemical compound CCCC=1C=CSC=1 QZNFRMXKQCIPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FREONMIBRAAMGB-UHFFFAOYSA-L COC1=C(C=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Fe+2].COC1=C(C=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)[O-] Chemical compound COC1=C(C=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Fe+2].COC1=C(C=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)[O-] FREONMIBRAAMGB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000001543 Corylus americana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007582 Corylus avellana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007466 Corylus avellana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007970 homogeneous dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- AWRGYUYRFKKAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+);phenylmethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]S(=O)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 AWRGYUYRFKKAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- CRUIOQJBPNKOJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N thieno[3,2-e][1]benzothiole Chemical compound C1=C2SC=CC2=C2C=CSC2=C1 CRUIOQJBPNKOJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/0029—Processes of manufacture
- H01G9/0036—Formation of the solid electrolyte layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/122—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides
- C08G61/123—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds
- C08G61/126—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds with a five-membered ring containing one sulfur atom in the ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L65/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/022—Electrolytes; Absorbents
- H01G9/025—Solid electrolytes
- H01G9/028—Organic semiconducting electrolytes, e.g. TCNQ
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/15—Solid electrolytic capacitors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/10—Definition of the polymer structure
- C08G2261/14—Side-groups
- C08G2261/142—Side-chains containing oxygen
- C08G2261/1424—Side-chains containing oxygen containing ether groups, including alkoxy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/30—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/32—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating heteroaromatic structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/322—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating heteroaromatic structural elements in the main chain non-condensed
- C08G2261/3223—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating heteroaromatic structural elements in the main chain non-condensed containing one or more sulfur atoms as the only heteroatom, e.g. thiophene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/70—Post-treatment
- C08G2261/79—Post-treatment doping
- C08G2261/794—Post-treatment doping with polymeric dopants
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a conductive polymer fine particle dispersion applied to an antistatic agent, an electrolyte for electrolytic capacitors, a display element, and the like, and a method for producing an electrolytic capacitor using the conductive polymer fine particle dispersion.
- a dopant is a substance for developing conductivity. In addition to this high conductivity, it is chemically and physically stable, so it is used in antistatic agents and display elements. It has also been proposed to use it as a solid electrolyte material for electrolytic capacitors.
- a method for producing a conductive polymer having such a ⁇ -conjugated structure a method is known in which a monomer is oxidatively polymerized using an oxidizing agent in the state where a dopant is present.
- a monomer is oxidatively polymerized using an oxidizing agent in the state where a dopant is present.
- polystyrenesulfonic acid is used as a dopant
- poly3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene doped with polystyrenesulfonic acid and having high conductivity can be prepared.
- the poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene prepared by this method is in the form of fine particles dispersed in water. That is, according to the above method, a conductive polymer fine particle dispersion can be prepared (for example, Patent Document 1).
- the method for producing a conductive polymer fine particle dispersion according to the present invention includes the following steps.
- the polyanion is polystyrene sulfonic acid and / or polystyrene sulfonate having a Hazen color number of 10 or more and 1000 or less.
- the Hazen color number is determined by measuring the hue of an aqueous solution dissolved in water so as to have a concentration of 2% by the APHA (American Public Health Association) method.
- the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor can be greatly reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an outline of an electrolytic capacitor using a conductive polymer fine particle dispersion prepared by a manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the capacitor element in the electrolytic capacitor shown in FIG.
- the conductive polymer can be obtained by removing the solvent component from the conductive polymer fine particle dispersion obtained by the conventional method as described above.
- ESR may be increased depending on the method and conditions for forming the conductive polymer film. Therefore, in order to employ the conductive polymer fine particle dispersion having a ⁇ -conjugated structure as the solid electrolyte of the electrolytic capacitor, it is necessary to optimize the method and conditions for forming the conductive polymer film.
- FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an outline of an electrolytic capacitor using a conductive polymer fine particle dispersion prepared by a manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the capacitor element in the electrolytic capacitor shown in FIG.
- the electrolytic capacitor includes a capacitor element 10, a metal case 14, and a sealing material 13.
- the case 14 accommodates the capacitor element 10, and the sealing material 13 seals the opening of the case 14.
- the case 14 and the sealing material 13 constitute an exterior body that seals the capacitor element 10.
- the capacitor element 10 includes an anode 1 and a cathode 2, and a separator 4 and a solid electrolyte layer 5 interposed therebetween.
- the anode 1 is produced by roughening the surface of an aluminum foil by etching and forming a dielectric oxide film layer 3 on this surface by chemical conversion treatment.
- the cathode 2 is also made of an aluminum foil whose surface is roughened by etching.
- Lead terminals 11 and 12 shown in FIG. 1 are connected to the anode 1 and the cathode 2, respectively. The lead terminals 11 and 12 penetrate the sealing material 13 and are drawn to the outside.
- the anode 1 and the cathode 2 are wound through a separator 4 between them to form a capacitor element 10.
- the capacitor element 10 is impregnated with a conductive polymer fine particle dispersion, which will be described later, and the solvent component is removed by drying, whereby a conductive polymer solid electrolyte layer 5 is formed between the anode 1 and the cathode 2. .
- a dispersion is prepared by dispersing at least one monomer selected from thiophenes and derivatives thereof and a polyanion as a dopant in a solvent containing water as a main component.
- the dispersion is mixed with an oxidizing agent to oxidize and polymerize the monomer. In this way, a conductive polythiophene dispersion doped with a polyanion is prepared.
- the polyanion is polystyrene sulfonic acid and / or polystyrene sulfonate having a Hazen color number of 10 or more and 1000 or less.
- the Hazen color number is determined by measuring the hue of an aqueous solution dissolved in water so that the concentration is 2% by the APHA method.
- the Hazen color number is basically determined by comparing the color with a standard solution by human eyes.
- a yellow standard stock solution APHA500 (Hazen color number 500) is diluted to prepare standard solutions having Hazen color numbers 100, 50, and 10.
- the Hazen color number of a standard solution obtained by diluting a standard undiluted solution having a Hazen color number of 500 is 100.
- a certain amount (Xml) of the sample is weighed and weighed while visually colorimetrically until it becomes the same color as the standard solution (Hazen color number: A) which is lighter and closest to the color of the sample.
- the obtained specimen is diluted with pure water.
- the amount of pure water used for dilution is Yml.
- the specimen dilution factor (X + Y) / X is multiplied by the Hazen color number A of the standard solution to be subjected to colorimetry (A ⁇ (X + Y) / X). In this way, the Hazen color number of the subject can be obtained.
- Monomeric thiophenes and derivatives thereof have a ⁇ -conjugated structure.
- monomers include thiophene, 3-methylthiophene, 3-ethylthiophene, 3-propylthiophene, 3-butylthiophene, 3-hexylthiophene, 3-heptylthiophene, 3-octylthiophene, 3-nonylthiophene, 3- Examples include decylthiophene, 3-methoxythiophene, 3-ethoxythiophene, 3-butoxythiophene, 3-methyl-4-methoxythiophene, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene, benzothiophene, and benzodithiophene.
- 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene is particularly preferable because of an appropriate polymerization rate and excellent heat resistance of the polymer.
- the polyanion used as the dopant is polystyrene sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, which may be used alone or in combination. These polyanions are excellent in dispersibility and heat resistance.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyanion is preferably 10,000 or more and 400,000 or less, more preferably 30000 or more and 200,000 or less, and particularly preferably 50000 or more and 100,000 or less.
- the number average molecular weight of the polyanion is preferably 1,000 or more and 300,000 or less, more preferably 10,000 or more and 150,000 or less, and particularly preferably 20,000 or more and 100,000 or less.
- a first oxidizing agent that generates iron ions in a solvent can be used.
- the first oxidizing agent include iron salts of inorganic acids such as iron (III) chloride, iron (III) sulfate, and iron (III) nitrate, iron salts of organic acids such as iron methoxybenzene sulfonate and iron toluene sulfonate, and the like. Is mentioned. Among them, iron (III) sulfate is particularly preferable because an appropriate polymerization rate can be obtained and a polymer having excellent heat resistance can be obtained.
- iron (III) sulfate is referred to as ferric sulfate.
- hydrogen peroxide, persulfate, permanganate, benzoyl peroxide, ozone, or the like can be used as the second oxidant that is used in combination with the first oxidant and does not generate iron ions in the solvent.
- ammonium persulfate is particularly preferable because an appropriate polymerization rate can be obtained, a polymer excellent in heat resistance can be obtained, storage stability is excellent, and handling is easy.
- the oxidizing agent is not limited to the first oxidizing agent and the second oxidizing agent.
- the water used as the solvent is preferably ion-exchanged water or distilled water with a low impurity content.
- the solvent is mainly composed of water.
- the main component means that it contains impurities such as traces, additives, etc., for example, 95% or more is water.
- a monomer and a polyanion are simultaneously added to water charged in a container while applying a share using a disperser to prepare a dispersion.
- the monomer and the polyanion are sequentially added to the water charged in the container while applying a share using a disperser to prepare a dispersion.
- a monomer and a polyanion are charged into water charged in a container, and then a dispersion is prepared by sharing using a disperser.
- a disperser a homomixer, a high-pressure homogenizer, or the like can be used.
- the dispersion time can be shortened compared to the case where the monomer and polyanion are sequentially added.
- the monomer may be introduced after the introduction of the polyanion.
- water may be partially added to the container before the monomer or polyanion is added, and then divided into a plurality of times as appropriate during dispersion.
- the purpose of this operation is to disperse the monomer having a ⁇ -conjugated structure, which is difficult to adjust to water, into fine particles and dispersed in water, and the method is not limited thereto.
- the polyanion is solid or has a high viscosity, it is dissolved or diluted in water and added as an aqueous solution.
- the ratio of the monomer and water is preferably 9 parts by weight or more with respect to 1 part by weight of the monomer. If the ratio of water is less than this, the viscosity of the dispersion becomes too high during the polymerization, and a homogeneous dispersion may not be obtained.
- the ratio of the polyanion to the monomer is preferably 1 part by weight or more and 5 parts by weight or less with respect to 1 part by weight of the monomer. If the polyanion is less than 1 part by weight relative to 1 part by weight of the monomer, the conductivity of the resulting conductive polymer will be low. Moreover, even if the ratio of the polyanion exceeds 5 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the monomer, the conductivity of the obtained conductive polymer is hardly improved. Therefore, if considering the material cost, 5 parts by weight or less is preferable.
- oxidative polymerization of monomers An oxidant is added to this dispersion while applying a share to the dispersion prepared as described above using a disperser.
- the oxidizing agent is solid or has a high viscosity, it is dissolved or diluted in water and added as an aqueous solution.
- the dispersed monomer is oxidatively polymerized to form fine particles of a polymer (hereinafter referred to as polythiophene).
- a dispersion of polythiophene having a polyanion as a dopant can be prepared by continuing the share by the disperser until the polymerization is completed even after the addition of the oxidizing agent.
- the monomer may be oxidatively polymerized by introducing the dispersion and the oxidizing agent into separate apparatuses. That is, the method is not particularly limited as long as the dispersion and the oxidizing agent are mixed and subjected to oxidative polymerization.
- the polyanion is polystyrene sulfonate and / or polystyrene sulfonate having a Hazen color number of 10 or more and 1000 or less.
- the Hazen color number is determined by measuring the hue of an aqueous solution dissolved in water so that the concentration is 2% by the APHA method.
- the degree of density of the three-dimensional structure of polystyrene sulfonic acid and its salt molecules appears in the shade of the hue of the aqueous solution, and as the three-dimensional structure becomes dense, the hue of yellow to reddish brown tends to become deeper. And as the three-dimensional structure of the molecule becomes denser, the conductivity of the conductive polymer having a ⁇ -conjugated structure using the polyanion as a dopant improves. However, when the three-dimensional structure is too dense, the conductivity tends to decrease.
- the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor can be reduced by limiting the hue of the aqueous solution in which the polyanion is dissolved in water so that the concentration is 2% to 10 or more and 1000 or less in terms of the Hazen color number measured by the APHA method. it can.
- Example 5 (Examples 1 to 5) First, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene as a monomer having a ⁇ -conjugated structure is charged into distilled water charged into a container, and then a 29.5% aqueous solution of polystyrene sulfonic acid is charged as a polyanion. Then, a dispersion of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene is prepared by applying a shear for 10 minutes with a homomixer.
- polystyrene sulfonic acid having a Hazen color number of 10 measured by the APHA method of an aqueous solution dissolved in water so as to have a concentration of 2% is used.
- Example 1 The proportion of each material used in Example 1 was as follows: 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene 14.2 parts by weight, polystyrene sulfonic acid 30.5 parts by weight, ferric sulfate 13.0 parts by weight, ammonium persulfate 29.8 Parts by weight and 1337 parts by weight of distilled water.
- Example 2 Example 3, Example 4, and Example 5 the Hazen color number measured by the APHA method of the aqueous solution dissolved in water so as to have a concentration of 2% in Example 1 was 55, The polystyrene sulfonic acid which is 110,489,1000 is used. Otherwise, a conductive polymer fine particle dispersion is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 6 Example 7, Example 8, and Example 9
- the Hazen color number measured by the APHA method of the aqueous solution dissolved in water so that the concentration in Example 1 was 2% was 10, Polystyrene anions of 318, 800 and 1000 are used as polyanions. Otherwise, a conductive polymer fine particle dispersion is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 10 Example 10, Example 11, and Example 12, the Hazen color numbers measured by the APHA method of the aqueous solution dissolved in water so as to have a concentration of 2% in Example 1 were 10, 700, and 1000, respectively. Some sodium polystyrene sulfonate is used as the polyanion. Otherwise, a conductive polymer fine particle dispersion is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 13 lithium polystyrene sulfonate having a Hazen color number of 700 measured by the APHA method of an aqueous solution dissolved in water so as to have a concentration of 2% is used as the polyanion. Otherwise, a conductive polymer fine particle dispersion is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 In Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, polystyrene sulfonic acids whose Hazen color numbers measured by the APHA method of an aqueous solution dissolved in water so as to have a concentration of 2% in Example 1 were 8, 1030, respectively. Yes. Otherwise, a conductive polymer fine particle dispersion is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Comparative Examples 3 and 4 In Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4, polystyrene sulfonate ammonium whose Hazen color numbers measured by the APHA method of an aqueous solution dissolved in water so as to have a concentration of 2% are 5, 1240, respectively, in Example 1 above. ing. Otherwise, a conductive polymer fine particle dispersion is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 5 (Comparative Example 5)
- sodium polystyrene sulfonate having a Hazen color number of 1050 measured by the APHA method of an aqueous solution dissolved in water so as to have a concentration of 2% is used as the polyanion.
- a conductive polymer fine particle dispersion is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 6 lithium polystyrene sulfonate having an Hazen color number of 8 measured by the APHA method of an aqueous solution dissolved in water so as to have a concentration of 2% is used as the polyanion. Otherwise, a conductive polymer fine particle dispersion is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the conductive polymer fine particle dispersion obtained by the above procedure contains poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene having polystyrene sulfonic acid as a dopant. Therefore, the obtained conductive polymer fine particle dispersion is washed and filtered with distilled water, and then the concentration of poly3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene is adjusted to 2.5%.
- Capacitor element 10 is impregnated with this dispersion to form solid electrolyte layer 5 to produce a wound electrolytic capacitor with a rated voltage of 35 V and a capacitance of 47 ⁇ F.
- Table 1 shows the ESR values of electrolytic capacitors produced using the conductive polymer fine particle dispersions according to the respective Examples and Comparative Examples.
- polystyrene sulfonic acid having a Hazen color number of 10 or more and 1000 or less as measured by the APHA method in an aqueous solution dissolved in water so as to have a concentration of 2% is used as the polyanion.
- the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor is 28.5 to 32.0 m ⁇ .
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 polystyrene sulfonic acids having Hazen color numbers of 8 and 1030 are used. As shown in (Table 1), in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, the ESR of the electrolytic capacitors is 45.8 m ⁇ and 40.0 m ⁇ , respectively, and the ESR is remarkable compared to Examples 1 to 5. It is high.
- polystyrene sulfonate ammonium having a Hazen color number of 10 or more and 1000 or less as measured by the APHA method in an aqueous solution dissolved in water so as to have a concentration of 2% is used as the polyanion.
- the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor is 28.8 to 32.2 m ⁇ .
- Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 polystyrene sulfonate ammonium having Hazen color numbers of 5 and 1240, respectively, is used.
- the ESR of the electrolytic capacitors is 47.0 m ⁇ and 43.4 m ⁇ , respectively, and the ESR is significantly higher than those in Examples 6 to 9. It is high.
- Examples 10 to 12 sodium polystyrene sulfonate having an Hazel color number of 10 or more and 1000 or less as measured by the APHA method in an aqueous solution dissolved in water so as to have a concentration of 2% is used as the polyanion.
- the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor is 29.5 to 32.3 m ⁇ .
- Comparative Example 5 sodium polystyrene sulfonate having a Hazen color number of 1050 is used. As shown in Table 1, in Comparative Example 5, the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor is 40.6 m ⁇ , and the ESR is significantly higher than that in Examples 10-12.
- Example 13 lithium polystyrene sulfonate having a Hazen color number of 700 measured by the APHA method in an aqueous solution dissolved in water so as to have a concentration of 2% is used as the polyanion. As shown in (Table 1), in Example 13, the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor is 29.7 m ⁇ .
- Comparative Example 6 lithium polystyrene sulfonate having a Hazen color number of 8 is used. As shown in Table 1, in Comparative Example 6, the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor is 47.7 m ⁇ , and the ESR is significantly higher than that of Example 13.
- polystyrene sulfonic acid or a salt thereof having a Hazen color number of 10 or more and 1000 or less as measured by the APHA method of an aqueous solution dissolved in water so as to have a concentration of 2% as a polyanion it can be seen that the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor can be reduced.
- a salt as a polyanion it turns out that a cation is not specifically limited.
- a winding type solid electrolytic capacitor using an aluminum foil as an electrode has been described as an example.
- the conductive polymer fine particle dispersion obtained by the manufacturing method of the present embodiment includes a wound solid electrolytic capacitor having a valve metal foil other than aluminum as an electrode, a laminated electrolytic capacitor, and an anode body made of a valve metal.
- the present invention can also be applied to an electrolytic capacitor using a sintered body, or a hybrid type electrolytic capacitor using an electrolyte together with a solid electrolyte.
- the present invention is useful for an electrolytic capacitor using a conductive polymer fine particle dispersion.
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Abstract
Description
まず、容器に投入した蒸留水に、π共役構造を有するモノマーとして、3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェンを投入し、次いでポリアニオンとしてポリスチレンスルホン酸の29.5%水溶液を投入する。その後、ホモミキサーで10分間シェアをかけて、3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェンの分散液を調製する。
実施例6、実施例7、実施例8、実施例9では、上記実施例1において、濃度が2%となるように水に溶解した水溶液のAPHA法で測定したハーゼン色数がそれぞれ、10、318、800、1000であるポリスチレンスルホン酸アンモニウムをポリアニオンとして用いている。それ以外は実施例1と同様にして導電性高分子微粒子分散体を調製する。
実施例10、実施例11、実施例12では、上記実施例1において、濃度が2%となるように水に溶解した水溶液のAPHA法で測定したハーゼン色数がそれぞれ、10、700、1000であるポリスチレンスルホン酸ナトリウムをポリアニオンとして用いている。それ以外は実施例1と同様にして導電性高分子微粒子分散体を調製する。
上記実施例1において、濃度が2%となるように水に溶解した水溶液のAPHA法で測定したハーゼン色数が700であるポリスチレンスルホン酸リチウムをポリアニオンとして用いている。それ以外は実施例1と同様にして導電性高分子微粒子分散体を調製する。
比較例1、比較2では、上記実施例1において、濃度が2%となるように水に溶解した水溶液のAPHA法で測定したハーゼン色数がそれぞれ、8、1030であるポリスチレンスルホン酸を用いている。それ以外は実施例1と同様にして導電性高分子微粒子分散体を調製する。
比較例3、比較4では、上記実施例1において、濃度が2%となるように水に溶解した水溶液のAPHA法で測定したハーゼン色数がそれぞれ、5、1240であるポリスチレンスルホン酸アンモニウムを用いている。それ以外は実施例1と同様にして導電性高分子微粒子分散体を調製する。
上記実施例1において、濃度が2%となるように水に溶解した水溶液のAPHA法で測定したハーゼン色数が1050であるポリスチレンスルホン酸ナトリウムをポリアニオンとして用いている。それ以外は実施例1と同様にして導電性高分子微粒子分散体を調製する。
上記実施例1において、濃度が2%となるように水に溶解した水溶液のAPHA法で測定したハーゼン色数が8であるポリスチレンスルホン酸リチウムをポリアニオンとして用いている。それ以外は実施例1と同様にして導電性高分子微粒子分散体を調製する。
2 陰極
3 誘電体酸化皮膜層
4 セパレータ
5 固体電解質層
10 コンデンサ素子
11,12 リード端子
13 封口材
14 ケース
Claims (2)
- チオフェン類およびその誘導体から選ばれた少なくとも一つのモノマーと、ドーパントとしてのポリアニオンとを、水を主成分とする溶媒中に分散させて分散液を調製するステップと、
前記分散液と、酸化剤とを混合して前記モノマーを酸化重合させることにより、前記ポリアニオンがドープされた導電性のポリチオフェン微粒子分散体を調製するステップと、を備え、
前記ポリアニオンは、濃度が2%となるように前記ポリアニオンを水に溶解した水溶液の色相が、APHA法で測定したハーゼン色数で10以上、1000以下である、ポリスチレンスルホン酸とポリスチレンスルホン酸の塩との少なくとも一方である、
導電性高分子微粒子分散体の製造方法。 - 陽極と、陰極と、前記陽極と陰極との間に介在するセパレータとを有するコンデンサ素子に、請求項1に記載の製造方法により調製された導電性高分子微粒子分散体を含浸するステップと、
前記導電性高分子微粒子分散体に含まれる溶媒成分を除去して、前記陽極と前記陰極との間に導電性高分子の固体電解質層を形成するステップと、を備えた、
電解コンデンサの製造方法。
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US10943742B2 (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2021-03-09 | Kemet Electronics Corporation | Conductive polymer dispersion for improved reliability |
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US11955294B2 (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2024-04-09 | KYOCERA AVX Components Corporation | Solid electrolytic capacitor containing an intrinsically conductive polymer |
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