WO2014153925A1 - 旋切机 - Google Patents

旋切机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014153925A1
WO2014153925A1 PCT/CN2013/082676 CN2013082676W WO2014153925A1 WO 2014153925 A1 WO2014153925 A1 WO 2014153925A1 CN 2013082676 W CN2013082676 W CN 2013082676W WO 2014153925 A1 WO2014153925 A1 WO 2014153925A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
main shaft
oil
slip ring
rotor
cutter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/082676
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
帅家园
陈名乔
Original Assignee
Shuai Jiayuan
Chen Mingqiao
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shuai Jiayuan, Chen Mingqiao filed Critical Shuai Jiayuan
Publication of WO2014153925A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014153925A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D3/00Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
    • B26D3/16Cutting rods or tubes transversely
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B29/00Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
    • B23B29/03Boring heads
    • B23B29/034Boring heads with tools moving radially, e.g. for making chamfers or undercuttings
    • B23B29/03432Boring heads with tools moving radially, e.g. for making chamfers or undercuttings radially adjustable during manufacturing
    • B23B29/03489Adjustment means not specified or not covered by the groups B23B29/03435 - B23B29/03478
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B3/00General-purpose turning-machines or devices, e.g. centre lathes with feed rod and lead screw; Sets of turning-machines
    • B23B3/22Turning-machines or devices with rotary tool heads
    • B23B3/26Turning-machines or devices with rotary tool heads the tools of which perform a radial movement; Rotary tool heads thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B5/00Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B23B5/08Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for turning axles, bars, rods, tubes, rolls, i.e. shaft-turning lathes, roll lathes; Centreless turning
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B2270/00Details of turning, boring or drilling machines, processes or tools not otherwise provided for
    • B23B2270/02Use of a particular power source
    • B23B2270/025Hydraulics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a material cutting device, in particular to a rotary cutting machine. Background technique
  • band saw The cutting surface of the band saw is linear and is linearly arranged by a plurality of saw blades.
  • the material is fixed during operation, and the cutting surface is linearly reciprocated by the driving mechanism to cut the material. Not only is the cutting speed slow, but once a saw blade breaks, the band saw will not work properly and the performance will be poor.
  • ordinary circular saw It has a steel saw blade distributed on the outer circumference of the disc. The material is fixed during operation, and the disc is rotated by the driving device to cut the material by the steel saw blade.
  • the number of steel saw blades of the ordinary circular saw is large. , generally more than 200, high cost, it also has a saw blade damage, the entire circular saw can not work, and in order to ensure the support strength of the steel saw blade, the thickness of the disc is larger, thus leading to cutting materials At the time, there are more consumables, which wastes resources and indirectly increases the cost.
  • the saw blades of ordinary circular saws do not use modern hard alloy materials, and the cutting speed is slow, and the speed that can be achieved is not high, so the efficiency is low.
  • Alloy circular saw It has a bismuth alloy sheet distributed on the outer circumference of the disc. There are usually dozens or even hundreds of them. The working principle is the same as that of ordinary circular saw. Because the saw tip is made of hard alloy material, its rotation speed is higher than that of ordinary circular saw. High, but there is still a lot of room for improvement, and the cost of alloy sheets is expensive, such as This large-scale use requires a large cost, and after a period of use, it also needs to be polished by an expensive special sander, so the cost is extremely high, and there is also a problem of a large amount of consumables when cutting materials.
  • Rotary cutting machine including:
  • a spindle housing having an inner cavity
  • the spindle rotor is mounted in the inner cavity of the main shaft casing and driven to rotate by a driving device.
  • the main shaft casing is provided with an opening, and the main shaft rotor is sleeved with a bearing fixed on the main shaft casing, and the main shaft rotor has a rear end extending from the rear end thereof.
  • a first hollow passage, and a second oil passage is disposed in the main shaft rotor, and a hole connecting the second oil passage is opened on the main shaft rotor;
  • a slip ring disposed at the opening, the slip ring is sleeved around the spindle rotor, between the spindle rotor and the main shaft casing, and the slip ring has a gap between the main shaft rotor and the main shaft casing, and the inner surface of the slip ring is disposed
  • Inside the slip ring and The bolt is hollow inside to form a first oil passage, and the upper end of the bolt is provided with a grease nozzle for connecting the hydraulic pump oil supply pipe, and the first oil passage is respectively connected with the oil nozzle and the groove;
  • the front end of the turntable is fixedly connected to the rear end of the main shaft rotor, and is rotated by the main shaft rotor.
  • the turntable has a second hollow passage extending from the rear end to the front end and communicating with the first hollow passage, and the turntable is further provided with a second a third oil passage connected to the oil passage;
  • At least one rotary cutter includes a bracket and a cutter, the bracket is located in a movable cavity provided by the turntable, and the bracket is synchronously coupled with the piston rod of the oil cylinder, and the piston rod drives the bracket to move in the movable cavity, and the cutter is fixedly mounted on the bracket, The piston rod drives the tool into the second hollow passage and retracts from the second hollow passage.
  • the front end of the spindle rotor protrudes out of the main shaft casing, and a gear driven by the driving device is fixed to the front end of the main shaft rotor.
  • the bearing is a ball bearing and is located on the front side of the slip ring.
  • bracket and the piston rod of the oil cylinder are fixedly connected to a slider.
  • a blade of an alloy material is arranged at a tip end of the front end portion of the cutter.
  • the bracket includes a first support portion and a second support portion. One end of the first support portion is fixedly connected to the slider, and the second support portion is integrally formed by the other end of the first support portion.
  • the first support portion and the first support portion The two support portions are provided with connected slots, the rear end portion of the cutter is inserted into the slot of the second support portion, and one side of the cutter is inserted into the slot of the first support portion by the first support And the second support together provide support for the tool
  • the rotary cutters are two, located on opposite sides of the second hollow passage, and the first support portions of the brackets of the two rotary cutters are respectively provided with tooth-shaped grooves, and the two tooth-shaped grooves are disposed between each other.
  • the synchronous gears for synchronizing the infeed and the synchronous retracting of the two rotary cutters respectively engage the two toothed grooves, and the synchronous gear has a through hole having a diameter larger than the diameter of the second hollow passage.
  • the oil supply pipe of the hydraulic pump is connected with the oil nozzle on the main shaft casing.
  • the rotary cutter of the present invention has the beneficial effects that: when the rotary cutter of the present invention is in operation, the hydraulic oil is filled between the spindle rotor and the main shaft casing and the slip ring through the groove of the slip ring, thereby suspending the slip ring Between the main shaft casing and the main shaft rotor, the main shaft rotor and other components are not rigidly connected, thereby greatly reducing the requirements of the machining fit, and at the same time ensuring that the slip ring and the main shaft rotor are not in contact but have a high sealing property.
  • the spindle rotor When the spindle rotor rotates at high speed under the driving device, it does not directly contact the main shaft casing and the slip ring, which greatly reduces the friction force and improves the rotation speed of the spindle rotor.
  • the cutter cuts the material as the spindle rotor rotates, and the cutting speed is extremely fast.
  • the efficiency of the rotary cutter is greatly improved, and the rotary cutter structure is simple, and a large number of saw blades and alloy sheets are not required, and the cutting materials cause little consumables, which reduces the use cost; and the flooded hydraulic oil not only reduces the spindle rotor
  • the frictional resistance during rotation also plays a role in cooling and lubricating the bearing, further eliminating the obstacle to limit the spindle rotor speed.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the bracket
  • Figure 2 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of Fig. 2;
  • a rotary cutter comprising a spindle housing 10, a spindle rotor 20, a slip ring 30, a turntable 50, a cylinder 60 and at least one rotary cut. Knife 70, where:
  • the main shaft casing 10 has an inner cavity.
  • the main shaft rotor 20 is mounted in the inner cavity of the main shaft casing 10.
  • the main shaft casing 10 is provided with an opening.
  • the main shaft rotor 20 is sleeved with a bearing 11 fixed on the main shaft casing 10, and the main shaft rotor 20 has a first hollow passage 22 extending from a rear end thereof to a front end, and a second oil passage 23 is disposed in the main shaft rotor 20, and a hole 24 communicating with the second oil passage 23 is opened in the main shaft rotor 20;
  • the front end protrudes out of the main shaft casing 10, and a gear 21 is fixed to the front end of the main shaft rotor 20.
  • the gear 21 is connected to a gear on a driving device (not shown) through a chain, and is driven by a driving device.
  • the slip ring 30 is disposed at the opening, and the slip ring 30 is disposed around the spindle rotor 20 between the spindle rotor 20 and the spindle casing 10, and the slip ring 30 is respectively disposed between the spindle rotor 20 and the spindle casing 10
  • the inner surface of the slip ring 30 is provided with a groove 31 extending along the circumferential direction thereof, and the second oil passage 23 communicates with the groove 31 through the hole 24, and a pressing block 40 is connected to the slip ring 30 by a bolt, the bolt It is driven from the top of the pressing block 40, passes through the bottom of the pressing block 40, and then enters into the inside of the sliding ring 30, and the inside of the bolt is hollow to form a first oil passage 41, and the upper end of the bolt is provided with a grease nipple 42 for connecting the hydraulic pump oil supply pipe.
  • the first oil passage 41 communicates with the oil nozzle 42 and the groove 31 respectively;
  • the bearing 11 is a ball bearing located at the front side of the slip ring 30, and in operation, hydraulic oil flows to the bearing 11 through the groove 31 of the slip ring 30, thereby The bearing 11 is cooled and lubricated continuously.
  • the front end of the turntable 50 is fixedly coupled to the rear end of the spindle rotor 20, and is rotated by the spindle rotor 20.
  • the turntable 50 has a second hollow passage 51 extending from the rear end thereof to the front end and communicating with the first hollow passage 22, the turntable A third oil passage 52 communicating with the second oil passage 23 is also provided in the 50.
  • the oil cylinder 60 is fixedly mounted on the turntable 50, and the oil port of the oil cylinder 60 communicates with the third oil passage 52.
  • the rotary cutter 70 includes a bracket 71 and a cutter 72.
  • the bracket 71 is located in the movable cavity 53 of the turntable 50.
  • the bracket 71 and the piston rod 61 of the cylinder 60 are fixedly coupled to a slider 54, thereby realizing both.
  • the synchronous coupling is driven by the piston rod 61 to move the bracket 71 in the movable cavity 53.
  • the cutter 72 is fixedly mounted on the bracket 71, and the cutter rod 61 drives the cutter 72 to feed the second hollow passage 51 and retreat from the second hollow passage 51. Knife.
  • the bracket 71 In order to improve the cutting ability of the cutter 72, a blade of an alloy material is placed at the tip end of the cutter 72.
  • the bracket 71 includes a first support portion 711 and a second support portion 712. One end of the first support portion 711 is fixedly coupled to the slider 54, and the second support portion 712 is supported by the first support portion.
  • the other end of the 711 is integrally formed, the first support portion 711 and the second support
  • the portion 712 is provided with a connected slot, the rear end portion of the cutter 72 is inserted into the slot of the second support portion 712, and one side of the cutter 72 is inserted into the slot of the first support portion 711,
  • the first support portion 711 and the second support portion 712 together provide support for the cutter 72, allowing the cutter 72 to withstand greater pressure during cutting, even if the thickness of the cutter 72 is reduced to a very thin thickness, and the material is not cut.
  • the broken tool 72 helps to reduce the consumables when the material is cut, and when the blade of the tool 72 is worn to a certain extent, the tool 72 can be moved along the slot in the direction of the feed by an appropriate distance without replacement.
  • the entire tool 72 is provided with a connected slot, the rear end portion of the cutter 72 is inserted into the slot of the second support portion 712, and one side of the cutter 72 is inserted into the slot of the first support portion 711,
  • the present invention also includes a hydraulic pump (not shown).
  • the hydraulic pump can also be used as an accessory device for the rotary cutter, which is not included in the present invention, and the oil supply pipe of the hydraulic pump is connected to the grease nipple 42 on the main shaft casing 10.
  • the material is fed into the feeding passage composed of the first hollow passage 22 and the second hollow passage 51, and the high-pressure hydraulic oil pumped by the hydraulic pump enters the first oil passage 41 of the main shaft casing 10 through the grease nipple 42 and then flows to In the groove 31 of the slip ring 30, after that, a part of the hydraulic oil is filled between the spindle rotor 20, the slip ring 30, and the spindle casing 10 through the groove 31, and the slip ring 30 is suspended, so that the spindle rotor 20 does not rotate with the spindle casing. 10.
  • the slip ring 30 is in direct contact with the frictional force.
  • the spindle rotor 20 will rotate with the turntable 50 at a relatively high speed under the driving of the driving device.
  • the hydraulic oil can also continuously lubricate the bearing 11 sleeved on the spindle rotor 20, which is more advantageous for increasing the rotational speed of the spindle rotor 20.
  • the other part of the hydraulic oil enters the second oil passage 23 in the main shaft rotor 20 through the hole 24 communicating with the groove 31, enters the third oil passage 52 in the rotary table 50, and finally enters the oil cylinder 60 to convert the hydraulic energy into mechanical energy.
  • the piston rod 61 of the cylinder 60 drives the bracket 71, and the cutter 72 feeds the second hollow passage 51 as the bracket 71 moves, and cuts the material in the second hollow passage 51, of course, before the cutter 72 contacts the material, the cutter
  • the feed rate of 72 can be increased. Once the material is touched, the feed speed is reduced, and the feed pressure is reduced. Since the speed of the cutter 72 is extremely high, the cutting speed is quite fast, and the material can be cut off in a short time. The material, and the consumables cut once is only equivalent to the thickness of the cutter 72 itself, and the consumables are extremely small. After the cutting is completed, the cylinder 60 is live.
  • the stopper rod 61 drives the bracket 71 in the opposite direction, and the cutter 72 retracts from the second hollow passage 51, and the cutting is completed once.
  • a rotary cutter 70 can also perform the cutting operation well, in order to further increase the cutting speed, the rotary cutting machine in this embodiment simultaneously adopts two rotary cutters 70 (Fig.
  • the number of the cylinders 60 is the same as that of the rotary cutter 70, one cylinder 60 drives a rotary cutter 70, and the two rotary cutters 70 are located on opposite sides of the second hollow passage 51, when working
  • the two rotary cutters 70 simultaneously feed and retract the cutter, but when cutting the hollow pipe with uneven thickness or eccentricity of the pipe wall, since the resistance of the cutter 72 of the two rotary cutters 70 at different positions of the pipe is different, The infeed speed of the two cutters 72 is not uniform, and the cutter 72 is broken as soon as possible. Therefore, in order to solve the problem, the first support portion 711 of the bracket 71 of the two rotary cutters 70 is further provided with a toothed groove.
  • a synchronizing gear 80 for synchronizing the infeed and synchronous retracting of the two rotary cutters 70 is disposed between the two toothed grooves 71 11 , and the synchronous gear 80 meshes with the two toothed grooves 7111 respectively, and the synchronous gear 80 a through hole having a diameter larger than a diameter of the second hollow passage 51,
  • the synchronizing gear 80 simultaneously meshes with the toothed groove 711 1 of the two rotary cutters 70, the two cutters 72 advance and retreat, even if one of the cutters 72 encounters a cutting resistance smaller than that of the other cutter 72
  • the cutting resistance can also keep the feed speed of the two cutters 72 the same, and the damage of the two cutters 72 due to the different feed speeds can be avoided.
  • the number of rotary cutters 70 can be more, but the greater the number, the faster the cutting speed, but the cost will be correspondingly increased, so that the number of rotary cutters 70 is two when the cost is the highest.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

一种旋切机,包括:具有内腔的主轴外套(10);主轴转子(20),安装于内腔中与主轴外套之间具有间隙,主轴转子具有从其后端延伸到前端的第一中空通道(22),主轴转子内设置有第二油道(23);滑环(30),套在主轴转子***与主轴转子、主轴外套之间均具有间隙,滑环设置有沿其周向延伸与第二油道连通的槽(31),一压块(40)通过螺栓与滑环连接,螺栓内部中空形成第一油道(41),螺栓上端安装有油嘴(42),第一油道分别与油嘴、槽连通;转盘(50),设置有与第二油道连通的第三油道(52);安装在转盘上的油缸(60),其油口与第三油道连通;包括支架(71)及刀具(72)的旋切刀(70)。该旋切机工作时,主轴转子在液压油支撑下不与主轴外套、滑环接触,降低了摩擦力,提高了转速,切割速度快,效率极高。

Description

旋切机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种材料切割设备, 尤其涉及一种旋切机。 背景技术
在材料切割领域, 目前市面上有很多种用于将材料切割成一段一段的产品 的切割设备, 比如将空心管材切割成管料, 将实心棒状物切割成棒, 具体而言, 现有的切割设备主要有如下几种:
1、 带锯。 带锯的切割面为直线形, 由多个锯片线性排列而成, 工作时将材 料固定住, 切割面在驱动机构的驱动下在材料上做直线往复运动而将材料切断, 这种带锯不但切割速度慢, 而且一旦某个锯片崩断, 带锯就不能正常工作, 性 能较差。
2、普通圓盘锯。其在圓盘的外周分布有一圏钢锯片, 工作时将材料固定住, 圓盘在驱动装置驱动下旋转而使钢锯片将材料切断, 这种普通圓盘锯的钢锯片 数量较多, 一般在 200 个以上, 成本高, 其同样存在一个锯片损坏, 整个圓盘 锯就不能工作的问题, 而且为了保证对钢锯片的支撑强度, 圓盘的厚度较大, 这样导致切割材料时的耗材较多, 浪费了资源, 间接增大了成本, 此外, 普通 圓盘锯的锯片没有采用现代硬质合金材料, 切割速度慢, 其所能达到的转速不 高, 因此效率低。
3、 合金圓盘锯。 其在圓盘的外周分布有一圏合金片, 一般有几十个, 甚至 上百个, 其工作原理和普通圓盘锯相同, 由于锯尖采用了硬质合金材料, 其转 速比普通圓盘锯高, 但仍然还有极大的提升空间, 并且, 合金片造价昂贵, 如 此大量使用需要很大的成本, 使用一段时间后, 还需要使用昂贵的专用打磨机 打磨, 因此成本极高, 并且同样存在切割材料时耗材多的问题。
4、 被动式切断机。 这种切断机工作时, 切割刀具不动, 材料转动, 使转动 的材料与切割刀具接触而达到切断材料的目的。 但是, 材料的长度、 直径、 重 量、 均勾性等因素都成为制约其转速的瓶颈, 当材料长度过长、 直径偏大、 重 量过大、 重量偏心时, 如果高速转动将引起剧烈震动, 因而一般只有 500-600 转 /分钟, 特别是切割较长和较粗的材料时, 为保证切割平稳, 材料的转速只能 更低, 因此这种被动式切断机切割速度慢、 效率低的缺点尤为明显。 发明内容 针对现有技术的不足, 本发明的目的旨在于提供一种成本低、 效率极高的 旋切机。
为实现上述目的本发明采用如下技术方案:
旋切机, 包括:
主轴外套, 其具有内腔;
主轴转子, 其安装于主轴外套的内腔中由一驱动装置驱动旋转, 主轴外套 上设置有一开口, 主轴转子上套有固定在主轴外套上的轴承, 主轴转子具有从 其后端延伸到前端的第一中空通道, 且主轴转子内设置有第二油道, 主轴转子 上开设有连通第二油道的孔;
滑环, 其设置于所述开口处, 该滑环套在主轴转子***, 位于主轴转子与 主轴外套之间, 且滑环分别与主轴转子、 主轴外套之间具有间隙, 滑环的内表 面设置有沿其周向延伸的槽, 第二油道通过所述的孔与槽连通, 一压块通过螺 栓与滑环连接, 该螺栓从压块顶部打入, 从压块底部穿出后打入滑环内部, 且 该螺栓内部中空而形成第一油道, 螺栓上端安装有用于连接液压泵供油管的油 嘴, 第一油道分别与油嘴、 槽连通;
转盘, 其前端固定连接于主轴转子的后端, 由主轴转子带动旋转, 该转盘 具有从其后端延伸到前端且与第一中空通道相通的第二中空通道, 转盘内还设 置有与第二油道连通的第三油道;
油缸, 其固定安装在转盘上, 油缸的油口与第三油道连通;
至少一个旋切刀, 其包括支架及刀具, 该支架位于转盘设置的活动腔中, 支架与油缸的活塞杆同步联接, 由活塞杆驱动支架在活动腔中运动, 刀具固定 安装在支架上, 由活塞杆驱动刀具向第二中空通道进刀及从第二中空通道退刀。
其中, 所述主轴转子的前端伸出至主轴外套外, 且主轴转子的前端上固定 有由所述驱动装置带动的齿轮。
其中, 所述轴承为滚珠轴承, 位于滑环的前侧。
其中, 所述支架与油缸的活塞杆均固定连接在一滑块上。
其中, 所述刀具前端部的刀尖处装有合金材质的刀片。
其中, 所述支架包括第一支承部与第二支承部, 第一支承部的一端与滑块 固定连接, 第二支承部由第一支承部的另一端一体延伸形成, 第一支承部与第 二支承部上设置有相连接的插槽, 刀具的后端部插装在第二支承部的插槽中, 刀具的一侧部插装在第一支承部的插槽中, 由第一支承部与第二支承部共同为 刀具提供支承
其中, 所述旋切刀为两个, 位于第二中空通道相对的两侧, 两旋切刀的支 架的第一支承部上还分别设置有齿形槽, 两齿形槽之间设置有一用于使两旋切 刀同步进刀和同步退刀的同步齿轮, 该同步齿轮分别与两齿形槽啮合, 且同步 齿轮具有直径大于第二中空通道直径的通孔。 其中, 进一步包括液压泵, 该液压泵的供油管与主轴外套上的油嘴连接。 本发明所阐述的一种旋切机, 其有益效果在于: 本发明的旋切机工作时, 液压油通过滑环的槽充斥于主轴转子与主轴外套、 滑环之间, 从而使滑环悬浮 在主轴外套与主轴转子之间, 主轴转子与其它部件再无刚性连接, 因此大大降 低了加工配合性的要求, 同时能保证滑环与主轴转子之间虽不接触却又有很高 的密封性, 主轴转子在驱动装置带动下高速旋转时不会直接与主轴外套、 滑环 接触, 大大减小了摩擦力, 提高了主轴转子的转速, 刀具随主轴转子转动而将 材料切断, 切割速度极快, 大大提高了效率, 且旋切刀结构筒单, 无需数量众 多的锯片和合金片, 切割材料造成的耗材也极少, 降低了使用成本; 并且, 充 斥的液压油不仅减小了主轴转子转动时的摩擦阻力, 还起到对轴承降温、 润滑 的作用, 进一步消除了限制主轴转子转速的障碍; 此外, 支架的第一支承部和 第二支承部共同为刀具提供支承力, 使得刀具在保证切割能力的前提下能减小 厚度, 并且通过在两支承部上设置供刀具插装的插槽, 当刀具刀尖处的合金刀 片磨损到一定程度时, 只要将刀具沿插槽向进刀方向移动适当的距离即可, 无 需更换整个刀具; 不仅如此, 当采用两个旋切刀时, 通过设置同步齿轮来同步 两旋切刀的进刀和退刀速度, 使得两旋切刀在切割管壁厚度不均及偏心的管材 时不会因进刀速度不同而出现断刀现象, 而且由于在切割时是由旋切刀高速旋 转对不动的材料进行切割, 因此消除了材料对切割速度的限制, 即不管材料的 长度、 直径、 重量、 均勾性如何, 都能达到快速切断的效果。 附图说明 图 1是本发明实施例的结构示图;
图 2是本发明实施例的侧视图; 图 3是图 2的 A-A剖视图。
附图标记说明:
10、 主轴外套; 11、 轴承;
20、 主轴转子; 21、 齿轮; 22、 第-一中空通道; 23、 第二油道; 24、 孔;
30、 滑环; 31、 槽;
40、 压块; 41、 第一油道; 42、 油
50、 转盘; 51、 第二中空通道; 52、 第三油道; 53、 活动腔; 54、 滑块;
60、 油紅; 61、 活塞杆;
70、 旋切刀; 71、 支架; 711、 第一 -支承部; 7111、 齿形槽; 712、 第二支 部; 72、 刀具;
80、 同步齿轮。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图与具体实施例来对本发明作进一步描述。
请参照图 1至 3所示, 其显示出了本发明较佳实施例的具体结构, 旋切机, 包括主轴外套 10、 主轴转子 20、 滑环 30、 转盘 50、 油缸 60及至少一个旋切刀 70 , 其中:
所述主轴外套 10具有内腔,所述主轴转子 20安装于主轴外套 10的内腔中, 主轴外套 10上设置有一开口, 主轴转子 20上套有固定在主轴外套 10上的轴承 11 , 主轴转子 20具有从其后端延伸到前端的第一中空通道 22 , 且主轴转子 20 内设置有第二油道 23 , 主轴转子 20上开设有连通第二油道 23的孔 24; 该主轴 转子 20的前端伸出至主轴外套 10外, 且主轴转子 20的前端上固定有齿轮 21 , 该齿轮 21通过链条与一驱动装置(未图示)上的齿轮连接, 由驱动装置带动主 轴转子 20上的齿轮 21 , 工作时主轴转子 20在驱动装置驱动下高速旋转; 该驱 动装置可以是电机, 当然也可以是其他能够驱动主轴转子 20转动的动力机构。
所述滑环 30设置于所述开口处, 该滑环 30套在主轴转子 20***, 位于主 轴转子 20与主轴外套 10之间, 且滑环 30分别与主轴转子 20、 主轴外套 10之 间均具有间隙, 滑环 30的内表面设置有沿其周向延伸的槽 31 , 第二油道 23通 过所述的孔 24与槽 31连通, 一压块 40通过螺栓与滑环 30连接, 该螺栓从压 块 40顶部打入, 从压块 40底部穿出后打入滑环 30内部, 且该螺栓内部中空而 形成第一油道 41 , 螺栓上端安装有用于连接液压泵供油管的油嘴 42 , 第一油道 41分别与油嘴 42、 槽 31连通; 所述轴承 11为滚珠轴承, 位于滑环 30的前侧, 工作时, 液压油通过滑环 30的槽 31流到轴承 11上, 从而不停地对轴承 11降 温、 润滑。
所述转盘 50的前端固定连接于主轴转子 20的后端, 由主轴转子 20带动旋 转, 该转盘 50具有从其后端延伸到前端且与第一中空通道 22相通的第二中空 通道 51 , 转盘 50内还设置有与第二油道 23连通的第三油道 52。
所述油缸 60固定安装在转盘 50上, 油缸 60的油口与第三油道 52连通。 所述旋切刀 70包括支架 71及刀具 72 , 该支架 71位于转盘 50设置的活动 腔 53中, 支架 71与油缸 60的活塞杆 61均固定连接在一滑块 54上, 从而实现 了两者的同步联接, 由活塞杆 61驱动支架 71在活动腔 53中运动, 刀具 72固 定安装在支架 71上, 由活塞杆 61驱动刀具 72向第二中空通道 51进刀及从第 二中空通道 51退刀。 为提高刀具 72的切割能力, 刀具 72前端部的刀尖处装有 合金材质的刀片。 为了给刀具 72提供更强的支撑力, 支架 71 包括第一支承部 711与第二支承部 712 , 第一支承部 711的一端与滑块 54 固定连接, 第二支承 部 712由第一支承部 711的另一端一体延伸形成, 第一支承部 711与第二支承 部 712上设置有相连接的插槽, 刀具 72的后端部插装在第二支承部 712的插槽 中, 刀具 72的一侧部插装在第一支承部 711的插槽中, 由第一支承部 711与第 二支承部 712共同为刀具 72提供支承, 使刀具 72在切割时能承受更大的压力, 即使将刀具 72的厚度减小至非常薄, 也不会在切割材料时崩断刀具 72 ,有利于 减少材料被切割时的耗材, 而当刀具 72刀尖的合金刀片磨损到一定程度时, 只 要将刀具 72沿插槽向进刀方向移动适当的距离即可, 无需更换整个刀具 72。
本发明还包括液压泵(未图示), 当然液压泵也可作为旋切机的配套设备不 包括在本发明中, 该液压泵的供油管与主轴外套 10上的油嘴 42连接。
工作时, 将材料送入由第一中空通道 22和第二中空通道 51组成的送料通 道中, 液压泵打入的高压液压油通过油嘴 42进入主轴外套 10的第一油道 41 , 然后流到滑环 30的槽 31中,此后,一部分液压油通过槽 31充斥在主轴转子 20、 滑环 30、 主轴外套 10之间, 将滑环 30悬浮起来, 这样主轴转子 20旋转时不会 与主轴外套 10、 滑环 30直接接触, 摩擦力极小, 主轴转子 20将在驱动装置带 动下以相当高的转速带着转盘 50—起旋转, 一般能轻松达到几千转 /分钟, 甚 至达到上万转 /分钟,并且液压油还能不停地润滑套在主轴转子 20上的轴承 11 , 更加有利于提高主轴转子 20的转速。 而另外一部分液压油则通过与槽 31相通 的孔 24进入主轴转子 20内的第二油道 23 , 再进入转盘 50内的第三油道 52 , 最终进入油缸 60中, 将液压能转化为机械能, 使油缸 60的活塞杆 61带动支架 71 , 刀具 72随支架 71运动而向第二中空通道 51进刀, 切向第二中空通道 51 中的材料, 当然, 在刀具 72接触到材料之前, 刀具 72的进刀速度可加快, 一 旦接触到材料开始切割, 即降低进刀速度, 提供稳定的进刀压力, 由于刀具 72 的转速极高, 切割速度相当快, 短时间内即可切断材料得到管料, 而且切割一 次的耗材只相当于刀具 72本身的厚度, 耗材极少, 切割完成后, 油缸 60的活 塞杆 61反方向驱动支架 71 , 刀具 72从第二中空通道 51退刀, 一次切割完成。 需指出的是, 采用一把旋切刀 70虽然也能艮好地完成切割作业, 但为了进 一步提高切割速度, 本实施例中的旋切机同时采用了两个旋切刀 70 (图 1-3 已 示出), 对应的, 油缸 60的数量和旋切刀 70相同, 一个油缸 60驱动一 ^巴旋切 刀 70 , 两旋切刀 70位于第二中空通道 51相对的两侧, 工作时两旋切刀 70同时 进刀和退刀, 但是在切割管壁厚度不均或偏心的空心管材时, 由于两旋切刀 70 的刀具 72切割管材的不同位置遇到的阻力大小不同, 将会导致两刀具 72的进 刀速度不统一, 一快一慢造成刀具 72崩断, 因此, 为了解决该问题, 两旋切刀 70的支架 71的第一支承部 711上还分别设置有齿形槽 71 11 , 两齿形槽 71 11之 间设置有一用于使两旋切刀 70同步进刀和同步退刀的同步齿轮 80 ,该同步齿轮 80分别与两齿形槽 7111啮合,且同步齿轮 80具有直径大于第二中空通道 51直 径的通孔, 这样在进刀时, 由于同步齿轮 80同时与两旋切刀 70的齿形槽 711 1 啮合, 两刀具 72 同进同退, 即使有一个刀具 72遇到的切割阻力小于另一个刀 具 72遇到的切割阻力, 也能保持两刀具 72的进刀速度相同, ^艮好地避免出现 两刀具 72因进刀速度不一而导致的断刀现象。
当然, 旋切刀 70的数量还可以是更多个, 但是其数量越多, 虽然切割速度 越快, 但成本也会相应的提高, 因而旋切刀 70的数量为两个时性价比最高。
以上所述, 仅是本发明较佳实施例而已, 并非对本发明的技术范围作任何 变化与修饰, 均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 旋切机, 其特征在于, 包括:
主轴外套, 其具有内腔;
主轴转子, 其安装于主轴外套的内腔中由一驱动装置驱动旋转, 主轴外套 上设置有一开口, 主轴转子上套有固定在主轴外套上的轴承, 主轴转子具有从 其后端延伸到前端的第一中空通道, 且主轴转子内设置有第二油道, 主轴转子 上开设有连通第二油道的孔;
滑环, 其设置于所述开口处, 该滑环套在主轴转子***, 位于主轴转子与 主轴外套之间, 且滑环分别与主轴转子、 主轴外套之间具有间隙, 滑环的内表 面设置有沿其周向延伸的槽, 第二油道通过所述的孔与槽连通, 一压块通过螺 栓与滑环连接, 该螺栓从压块顶部打入, 从压块底部穿出后打入滑环内部, 且 该螺栓内部中空而形成第一油道, 螺栓上端安装有用于连接液压泵供油管的油 嘴, 第一油道分别与油嘴、 槽连通;
转盘, 其前端固定连接于主轴转子的后端, 由主轴转子带动旋转, 该转盘 具有从其后端延伸到前端且与第一中空通道相通的第二中空通道, 转盘内还设 置有与第二油道连通的第三油道;
油缸, 其固定安装在转盘上, 油缸的油口与第三油道连通;
至少一个旋切刀, 其包括支架及刀具, 该支架位于转盘设置的活动腔中, 支架与油缸的活塞杆同步联接, 由活塞杆驱动支架在活动腔中运动, 刀具固定 安装在支架上, 由活塞杆驱动刀具向第二中空通道进刀及从第二中空通道退刀。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的旋切机, 其特征在于, 所述主轴转子的前端伸出 至主轴外套外, 且主轴转子的前端上固定有由所述驱动装置带动的齿轮。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的旋切机, 其特征在于, 所述轴承为滚珠轴承, 位 于滑环的前侧。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的旋切机, 其特征在于, 所述支架与油缸的活塞杆 均固定连接在一滑块上。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的旋切机, 其特征在于, 所述刀具前端部的刀尖处 装有合金材质的刀片。
6. 根据权利要求 4所述的旋切机, 其特征在于, 所述支架包括第一支承部 与第二支承部, 第一支承部的一端与滑块固定连接, 第二支承部由第一支承部 的另一端一体延伸形成, 第一支承部与第二支承部上设置有相连接的插槽, 刀 具的后端部插装在第二支承部的插槽中, 刀具的一侧部插装在第一支承部的插 槽中, 由第一支承部与第二支承部共同为刀具提供支承。
7. 根据权利要求 4所述的旋切机, 其特征在于, 所述旋切刀为两个, 位于 第二中空通道相对的两侧, 两旋切刀的支架的第一支承部上还分别设置有齿形 槽, 两齿形槽之间设置有一用于使两旋切刀同步进刀和同步退刀的同步齿轮, 该同步齿轮分别与两齿形槽啮合, 且同步齿轮具有直径大于第二中空通道直径 的通孔。
8. 根据权利要求 1所述的旋切机, 其特征在于, 进一步包括液压泵, 该液 压泵的供油管与主轴外套上的油嘴连接。
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