WO2014141182A1 - Lampe alimentée par micro-ondes - Google Patents

Lampe alimentée par micro-ondes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2014141182A1
WO2014141182A1 PCT/IB2014/059812 IB2014059812W WO2014141182A1 WO 2014141182 A1 WO2014141182 A1 WO 2014141182A1 IB 2014059812 W IB2014059812 W IB 2014059812W WO 2014141182 A1 WO2014141182 A1 WO 2014141182A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
microwave
bulb
open channel
antenna
powered lamp
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2014/059812
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Iginio Longo
Original Assignee
Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche filed Critical Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche
Publication of WO2014141182A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014141182A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
    • C02F1/325—Irradiation devices or lamp constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/52—Cooling arrangements; Heating arrangements; Means for circulating gas or vapour within the discharge space
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J65/00—Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel; Lamps with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
    • H01J65/04—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels
    • H01J65/042—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field
    • H01J65/044—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field the field being produced by a separate microwave unit
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/74—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/32—Details relating to UV-irradiation devices
    • C02F2201/322—Lamp arrangement
    • C02F2201/3223—Single elongated lamp located on the central axis of a turbular reactor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/04—Disinfection

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to a microwave powered lamp, generally described as an electrodeless lamp wherein a plasma material is excited by radio frequencies, namely in the microwave frequency range, to emit light.
  • a lamp of this kind was described in US 4,586,115 A (Zimmerman et al.), wherein a lighting system includes a tubular transparent enclosure filled with a radiation responsive fluorescent material on its interior wall surface, and containing a gas responsive to radio frequency electromagnetic radiation to activate said fluorescent material.
  • Generating means for generating radio frequency electromagnetic energy were provided, transmitting said radio frequency electromagnetic energy through waveguide conduits connected to resonant horns of said generating means.
  • US 6,445,138 B1 (Barry et al.) is related to a microwave powered lamp wherein a water cooled magnetron provides an air cooled microwave excited bulb with microwave energy through a wave guide.
  • US 6,608,443 B1 (Bae) describes a lighting apparatus using microwave energy, including a magnetron for generating microwave energy, a transparent bulb for generating lights by the microwave energy and a wave guide for connecting the magnetron and the bulb and transmitting the microwave energy generated in the magnetron to the bulb.
  • the magnetron is passively cooled through a finned case.
  • US 6,731 ,074 B2 discloses an electrodeless lamp equipment comprising a microwave-generating source and a microwave chamber receiving the microwaves from antennas energized through appropriate and respective waveguides connecting the generating source and an antenna end.
  • US 7,095,163 B2 (Longo) is referred to a lamp without electrodes comprising one bulb having inside a material capable of being excited by means of microwaves irradiation, a recess formed in walls of the bulbs, accessible from the outside and a source of microwaves radiation inserted into said recess, namely an antenna energized by an antenna lead connected to means for exciting the microwave source.
  • WO 2007/048417 is related to a gas discharge device used for cleaning materials and equipments by a gas-discharge UV radiation, wherein air is used to cool the UV radiation source.
  • a device for emitting irradiating an alternate electromagnetic field has a wire electrode refrigerated by an air flow.
  • a device for emitting UV light and microwaves has a bulb which is externally refrigerated by an air flow generated through an enclosure chember.
  • the refrigeration may be hampered by the poor thermal capacity of air, which is used because of the MW transparency thereof.
  • air or gas refrigeration can be used only to a limited extent, and wide passages and ducts should be provided, so as to exploit large volumes or high mass frlow rate of gaseous refrigerant.
  • the technical problems underlying the present invention is to provide a microwave energized lamp allowing to obviate to the drawbacks mentioned with reference to the prior art.
  • a refrigerant liquid basically is a MW absorber medium but considering the higher thermal capacity of a liquid and the improved heat transfer coefficient thereof, in the above defined lamp the refrigerant liquidi passage volumes can be substantially reduced without decreasing the refrigeration power and minimizing the thicknesses of the refrigerant layers passed through by electromagnetic radiations.
  • the refrigerant liquid can be a MW absorber liquid.
  • the open channel can be a passing through hole within the bulb preferably having an elongated shape with two opposite ends, the passing through hole extending end-to-end along the bulb profile, with two apertures arranged as inlet and outlet of said refrigeration path.
  • the bulb may be shaped so as to show an open duct passing through its body, i.e. it may have a tubular and toroidal shape.
  • the refrigerating liquid circulation may be either forced, with a pump, or natural, the open channel being arranged so as to operated as a chimney, e.g. in a vertical position, possibly immersed in a bath of refrigerating liquid.
  • the energy supply of the above described lamp can be electronically controlled both in power and in frequency.
  • the above microwave energized lamp can be used both for illumination of closed or open spaces and as spectral or power lamp, for the treatment, e.g. the curing, of non-metal material, polymers or other biologically interesting material, for sterilization, for processes of chemical and photochemical catalysis, for photographic processes, for laser triggering, for spectroscopic applications and so on.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a first embodiment of a lamp according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic sectional view of a second embodiment of a lamp according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic sectional view of a third embodiment of a lamp according to the present invention.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic sectional view of a water sterilizer using a lamp according to the present invention
  • a microwave energized lamp is generally indicated as 1. It comprises a bulb 2 defined by a continuous external thick wall 3, of a material substantially transparent to the visible, UV, IR radiation, and to the MW radiation as well, e.g. glass, possibly a heat resistant glass suitable for lamp bulbs.
  • the bulb 2 defines a closed chamber containing a microwaves irradiation excitable material, which may be a gas, a vapor, a dust, or a liquid, capable of emitting radiation by activation with other electromagnetic radiation and/or owing to hits between neutral or ionized particles (plasma atoms or molecules).
  • a microwaves irradiation excitable material which may be a gas, a vapor, a dust, or a liquid, capable of emitting radiation by activation with other electromagnetic radiation and/or owing to hits between neutral or ionized particles (plasma atoms or molecules).
  • the material can be put in with either a certain rate of vacuum or at a pressure higher than the atmospheric.
  • a mixture of gases or vapors, or only a single atomic or molecular species can be used.
  • the bulb 2 generally has an elongated and tubular shape and it is shaped so as to form an open channel 4, in the embodiment of Figure 1 a blind hole coaxial to the bulb 2 with an aperture 5 at one end 6 of the bulb 2 and a blind hole 13 at the opposite end 6'.
  • the bulb 2 may have any other shapes, e.g. ellipsoidal, spherical and so on.
  • the lamp 1 then comprises one microwave coaxial antenna 7, which is connected to a microwave source 8 via a respective antenna lead 9.
  • This kind of antenna is substantially obtained from a coaxial cable having an inner wire conductor forming the core of the cable, an outer tubular conductor surrounding the inner wire conductor, a tubular insulator layer placed between the inner wire conductor and the outer tubular conductor to electrically separate them, and an external sheath covering the outer tubular conductor.
  • this kind of cable is flexible and it can be bent or curved.
  • Both the active part of the coaxial cable, i.e. that part acting as antenna, and the antenna lead are made from said coaxial cable.
  • the active coaxial antenna 7 is formed by the inner wire conductor possibly covered by a protection layer transparent to the generated electromagnetic waves, namely microwaves, i.e. for example by stripping off a section of the external conductor of a semi-rigid coaxial cable; the tubular insulator layer can be seen as a good protection layer.
  • This arrangement is conventionally known as coaxial antenna and the coaxial antenna is placed outside the bulb.
  • the antenna lead 9 is instead embodied by a section of coaxial cable connected to said microwave source, therefore comprising both the inner and the outer conductors.
  • the coaxial antenna 7, i.e. the active parte of said coaxial cable, could have in principle any length to cope with different shapes and lengths of the bulb 2. It is noted that, in all the embodiments of the invention, the coaxial antenna 7 is placed outside the bulb 2, i.e. in an outer space with respect to the bulb 2.
  • the bulb 2 and said microwave coaxial antenna 7 are displaced in a close relationship to each other, so as to allow the direct microwave excitation of the target material inside the bulb chamber.
  • close relationship it is understood to be a closed configuration wherein the antenna lies adjacent to the bulb. Since both the bulb and the coaxial antenna may have an elongated shape, they may be placed the one inside the other. In this configuration, the microwave radiations emitted by the coaxial antenna directly irradiate the target material inside the bulb, with no interposition of any kind of further waveguide or cavity.
  • the target material inside the bulb 2 may be excited by microwaves at a continuous power of about 1 kW, at a frequency of 2.45 GHz.
  • the temperature of the section inserted inside the open channel may destroy an ordinary coaxial cable, but costly special cable would not be operated in optimal temperature conditions.
  • the heat to remove is about 15 W/cm 2 .
  • the choke 14 is mounted outside the outer conductor near and comprises a coaxial conducting portion of diameter higher than the external conductor; a conducting collar for connecting the coaxial conductor to the external conductor, arranged along the coaxial conducting portion.
  • a second embodiment of the lamp 1 has a bulb 2 containing, in an inner space thereof, a material apt to be excited by microwave irradiation thereby emitting an electromagnetic radiation.
  • the bulb 2 generally has an elongated and tubular shape and it is shaped so as to form a coaxial open channel 4 that, in the present embodiment, is a passing through hole extending end- to-end inside the bulb 2, with two opposite apertures 5, 5' at the opposite respective ends 6, and 6' of the bulb 2.
  • the whole bulb is immersed in a bath 21 of refrigerating water inside a transparent container 22, which is part of the refrigeration circuit.
  • the coaxial antenna 7 and its protection sheath 10 are inserted through the container with an appropriate sealing 20.
  • the container 22 is provided with a supply tube 23 comprising a circulation pump 24, an exhaust tube 25 and an external water reservoir 26 and/or a heat exchanger (not shown).
  • the fourth embodiment of Figure 4 is similar to the preceding second embodiments.
  • the container 22 of the heat removal system is an open container filled with refrigerating liquid, preferably water.
  • the tubular bulb 2, the coaxial antenna 7 and the open channel 4 are all vertically placed inside the bath 21.
  • the water circulation is promoted by a natural convection inside the bath and the open channel 4 is placed so as to be operated substantially like a chimney, achieving a chimney effect from the bottom aperture 5' and the top aperture 5 of the open channel 4.
  • the lamp 1 is arranged so as to irradiate both the filter 37 and the bath 31 , thus operating a sterilization process for the filter renovation and for obtaining sterilized water. Further, if oxygen is injected in the bath 31 , the lamp 1 also operates as an ozonizer and produce free radicals, increasing the sterilization effect.
  • the open channel need not to be coaxial to the bulb. It should be further noted that the passing-through open channel improves the mechanical strength of the bulb and allows an effective circulation of the refrigerating liquid.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une lampe (1) alimentée par micro-ondes qui assure une extraction de chaleur efficace et fiable tout en maintenant la compacité de la lampe et qui comprend : au moins une ampoule (2) transparente contenant, dans son espace intérieur, un matériau pouvant être excité par irradiation aux micro-ondes afin d'émettre un rayonnement électromagnétique ; au moins une antenne coaxiale (7) à micro-ondes, placée à l'extérieur de ladite ampoule (2), connectée à une source de micro-ondes via un conducteur d'antenne (9) respectif, ladite ampoule et ladite antenne coaxiale (7) à micro-ondes étant déplacées dans une relation proche l'une de l'autre pour permettre l'excitation par micro-ondes dudit matériau, l'ampoule étant formée de manière à former un canal ouvert (4) logeant ladite ou lesdites antenne(s) coaxiale(s) (7) à micro-ondes et un circuit réfrigérateur dans lequel circule un fluide réfrigérant, ledit canal ouvert (4) définissant un chemin de réfrigération d'ampoule, lequel fait partie dudit circuit de réfrigération, le fluide réfrigérant pouvant circuler, et ledit fluide de réfrigération étant un liquide absorbant les MO, c'est-à-dire de l'eau.
PCT/IB2014/059812 2013-03-15 2014-03-14 Lampe alimentée par micro-ondes WO2014141182A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITRM2013A000158 2013-03-15
IT000158A ITRM20130158A1 (it) 2013-03-15 2013-03-15 Microwave powered lamp

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014141182A1 true WO2014141182A1 (fr) 2014-09-18

Family

ID=48446500

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2014/059812 WO2014141182A1 (fr) 2013-03-15 2014-03-14 Lampe alimentée par micro-ondes

Country Status (2)

Country Link
IT (1) ITRM20130158A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014141182A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016157230A1 (fr) * 2015-03-27 2016-10-06 SARTONI, Stefano Dispositif de chauffage et d'éclairage à récupération d'énergie
CN112510379A (zh) * 2020-12-08 2021-03-16 四川大学 一种高效吸收微波能的水负载
CN112723647A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-30 东莞市格美节能设备有限公司 一种高盐废水光催化电磁反应器零排放处理及回用的方法

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4586115A (en) 1984-04-06 1986-04-29 Zimmerman S Mort Electromagnetic radio frequency excited explosion proof lighting method and system
DE19503205C1 (de) 1995-02-02 1996-07-11 Muegge Electronic Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Plasma
DE19852524A1 (de) 1998-11-06 2000-05-18 Spectrometrix Optoelectronic S Bestrahlungseinrichtung für therapeutische und kosmetische Zwecke
US6194821B1 (en) * 1997-02-12 2001-02-27 Quark Systems Co., Ltd. Decomposition apparatus of organic compound, decomposition method thereof, excimer UV lamp and excimer emission apparatus
US6445138B1 (en) 2001-03-14 2002-09-03 Fusion Uv Systems, Inc. Microwave powered lamp with improved cooling system
US6608443B1 (en) 2002-03-06 2003-08-19 Lg Electronics Inc. Lighting apparatus using microwave energy
US6731074B2 (en) 2000-11-14 2004-05-04 Orc Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Electrode-less lamp equipment
US7095163B2 (en) 2001-11-29 2006-08-22 Cnr Cosiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche Method for the production of a visible, UV or IR radiation with a lamp without electrodes, and lamp that carries out this method
WO2007048417A1 (fr) 2005-10-26 2007-05-03 Tulupov, Andrej Vladimirovich Source de rayonnement ultraviolet a decharges gazeuses

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4586115A (en) 1984-04-06 1986-04-29 Zimmerman S Mort Electromagnetic radio frequency excited explosion proof lighting method and system
DE19503205C1 (de) 1995-02-02 1996-07-11 Muegge Electronic Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Plasma
US6194821B1 (en) * 1997-02-12 2001-02-27 Quark Systems Co., Ltd. Decomposition apparatus of organic compound, decomposition method thereof, excimer UV lamp and excimer emission apparatus
DE19852524A1 (de) 1998-11-06 2000-05-18 Spectrometrix Optoelectronic S Bestrahlungseinrichtung für therapeutische und kosmetische Zwecke
US6731074B2 (en) 2000-11-14 2004-05-04 Orc Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Electrode-less lamp equipment
US6445138B1 (en) 2001-03-14 2002-09-03 Fusion Uv Systems, Inc. Microwave powered lamp with improved cooling system
US7095163B2 (en) 2001-11-29 2006-08-22 Cnr Cosiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche Method for the production of a visible, UV or IR radiation with a lamp without electrodes, and lamp that carries out this method
US6608443B1 (en) 2002-03-06 2003-08-19 Lg Electronics Inc. Lighting apparatus using microwave energy
WO2007048417A1 (fr) 2005-10-26 2007-05-03 Tulupov, Andrej Vladimirovich Source de rayonnement ultraviolet a decharges gazeuses

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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Title
FERRARI C ET AL: "A novel microwave photochemical reactor for the oxidative decomposition of Acid Orange 7 azo dye by MW/UV/H2O2 process", JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY, A: CHEMISTRY, ELSEVIER SEQUOIA, LAUSANNE, CH, vol. 204, no. 2-3, 20 May 2009 (2009-05-20), pages 115 - 121, XP026138808, ISSN: 1010-6030, [retrieved on 20090317], DOI: 10.1016/J.JPHOTOCHEM.2009.03.001 *
GENTILI G B ET AL: "A Coaxial Microwave Applicator for Direct Heating of Liquids Filling Chemical Reactors", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, IEEE SERVICE CENTER, PISCATAWAY, NJ, US, vol. 57, no. 9, 1 September 2009 (2009-09-01), pages 2268 - 2275, XP011272046, ISSN: 0018-9480, DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2009.2027170 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016157230A1 (fr) * 2015-03-27 2016-10-06 SARTONI, Stefano Dispositif de chauffage et d'éclairage à récupération d'énergie
CN112510379A (zh) * 2020-12-08 2021-03-16 四川大学 一种高效吸收微波能的水负载
CN112510379B (zh) * 2020-12-08 2021-08-10 四川大学 一种高效吸收微波能的水负载
CN112723647A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-30 东莞市格美节能设备有限公司 一种高盐废水光催化电磁反应器零排放处理及回用的方法

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