WO2014127540A1 - Electromagnetic dipole antenna - Google Patents
Electromagnetic dipole antenna Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014127540A1 WO2014127540A1 PCT/CN2013/071831 CN2013071831W WO2014127540A1 WO 2014127540 A1 WO2014127540 A1 WO 2014127540A1 CN 2013071831 W CN2013071831 W CN 2013071831W WO 2014127540 A1 WO2014127540 A1 WO 2014127540A1
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- antenna
- oscillator
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- resonant circuit
- vertical electric
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000005418 spin wave Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
Definitions
- Embodiments of the present invention relate to antenna technologies, and in particular, to a frequency band broadened electromagnetic coupling antenna. Background technique
- Embodiments of the present invention provide an electromagnetic coupling antenna to meet the requirements of communication broadband.
- An electromagnetic dipole antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a metal ground and an antenna radiating unit disposed on the metal ground, and the antenna radiating unit includes a vertical electric vibrator, a horizontal magnon, and a parasitic unit, and the vertical electric vibrator and the
- the horizontal magnetic oscillator constitutes a first resonant circuit
- the parasitic unit and the horizontal magnetic oscillator constitute a second resonant circuit
- a difference between a resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit and a resonant frequency of the second resonant circuit is less than a preset a threshold such that the first resonant tank and the second resonant loop form a resonant tank with a widened band.
- the horizontal magnetic vibrator is fixed to the vertical electric vibrator
- the parasitic unit is fixed above the horizontal magnon.
- the horizontal magnon and the parasitic unit are fixed on a metal post, and one end of the metal post is fixed on the metal ground.
- the horizontal magnon is a disc-shaped structure whose surface is covered with a metal layer.
- the vertical electric oscillator includes a distribution below the horizontal magnetic vibrator and is fixed on the metal ground. At least two vertical oscillator units.
- each of the vertical electric vibrators is a T-shaped structure
- the T-shaped structure includes a disc-shaped conductor structure and a metal rod-shaped structure
- the metal rod-shaped structure One end of the metal rod-like structure is horizontally disposed on the metal ground, and the other end of the metal rod-like structure is horizontally disposed.
- the electromagnetic coupling between the vertical and horizontal magnetic oscillators is achieved by a medium.
- the distance D between the parasitic element and the horizontal magnetic vibrator satisfies 0.02 ⁇ D ⁇ 0.06 / 1 , where A is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
- the size of the parasitic element is smaller than the size of the horizontal magnetic vibrator.
- the parasitic unit is a disk-like structure or a polygonal sheet-like structure.
- the parasitic unit and the horizontal magnetic vibrator constitute a second resonant circuit, and the resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit formed by the vertical electric vibrator and the horizontal magnetic vibrator and the second resonance
- the difference between the resonant frequencies of the loops is less than a preset threshold, so that the first resonant tank and the second resonant loop form a resonant circuit with a widened band, thereby realizing a band-widened electromagnetic coupling antenna, thereby adapting to communication broadband Demand.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structural view of an embodiment of an electromagnetic coupling antenna according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic top plan view of the electromagnetic coupling antenna shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the electromagnetic coupling antenna shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a vertical electric vibrator in the electromagnetic dipole antenna shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of an antenna port reflection coefficient of an embodiment of an electromagnetic dipole antenna of the present invention and a conventional electromagnetic dipole antenna.
- An embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic coupling antenna, which includes a metal ground and an antenna radiating unit disposed on the metal ground, wherein the antenna radiating unit may include a vertical electric vibrator, a horizontal magnon, and a parasitic unit, and the vertical electric
- the vibrator and the horizontal magnetic vibrator may constitute a first resonant circuit
- the parasitic unit and the horizontal magnetic vibrator may constitute a second resonant circuit, and a difference between a resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit and a resonant frequency of the second resonant circuit is less than a preset threshold, so that The first resonant tank and the second resonant loop form a resonant tank with a broadened band.
- the electromagnetic coupling antenna is a novel antenna based on the complementary of the electric coupling pole and the magnetic coupling pole.
- the electromagnetic dipole antenna may include a metal ground and an antenna radiating unit disposed on the metal ground, and the metal ground may be a conductive metal plate, and the antenna radiating unit may include a vertical electric vibrator and a horizontal magnetic vibrator.
- the vertical electric vibrator and the horizontal magnetic vibrator may constitute a first resonant circuit.
- the antenna radiating element of the embodiment of the present invention may further include a parasitic unit that forms a second resonant loop with the horizontal magnetic vibrator. The resonant frequency of the second resonant circuit is very close to the resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit.
- the difference between the two resonant frequencies may be less than a preset threshold, so that the first resonant circuit and the second resonant circuit form a resonant circuit with a widened band.
- the working principle of the electromagnetic dipole antenna of this embodiment is as follows: a plurality of excitation sources excite a plurality of vertical electric vibrators, and the vertical electric vibrators are electromagnetically coupled to the horizontal magnetic vibrators through the medium, through the vertical electric vibrators and the horizontal magnetic vibrators The first resonant circuit realizes the first-stage electromagnetic energy radiation, and the horizontal magnetic vibrator is electromagnetically coupled to the parasitic unit through the medium, and the second-stage electromagnetic energy radiation is realized by the second resonant circuit between the horizontal magnetic vibrator and the parasitic unit.
- the electromagnetic coupling between the vertical electric vibrator and the horizontal magnon can be electromagnetically coupled through air or through other media.
- electromagnetic coupling between the horizontal magnon and the parasitic element can be achieved either by air or by other media.
- the above-mentioned preset threshold value may float within a certain range as long as it can ensure that the first resonant circuit and the second resonant circuit can form a resonant circuit with a widened band.
- those skilled in the art can design the parasitic cells by themselves according to the needs, so as to meet the similar requirements of the resonant frequencies of the two resonant circuits.
- the horizontal magnetic vibrator may be fixed above the vertical electric vibrator to form a first resonant circuit, so that the vertical electric vibrator may be differentially fed to the horizontal magnetic vibrator by air coupling or other medium coupling mode when participating in the radiation.
- the parasitic unit may be fixed above the horizontal magnetic vibrator to form a second resonant circuit, so that the horizontal magnetic vibrator may differentially feed the parasitic unit in an air coupling manner or other medium coupling manner when participating in the radiation, thereby causing two
- the resonant circuits form a resonant circuit with a broadened band.
- the horizontal magnon and the parasitic unit may be fixed on the metal ground by the metal post, that is, one end of the metal post is fixed on the metal ground, and the horizontal magnon and the parasitic unit may be fixed to the other end of the metal post through the metal post, and parasitic The unit is fixed directly above the horizontal magnon.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structural view of an embodiment of an electromagnetic coupling antenna of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the electromagnetic coupling antenna of FIG. 1
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional structure of the electromagnetic coupling antenna of FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a vertical electric vibrator in the electromagnetic coupling antenna shown in FIG. 1.
- the electromagnetic coupling antenna of this embodiment includes a metal ground 1 and an antenna radiating unit 2.
- the antenna radiating unit 2 may include a vertical electric vibrator 21, a horizontal magnon 22, and a parasitic unit 23.
- the metal ground 1 may be a square planar structure, and the size may be, for example, 150 mm (long). 150mm (width) x lmm (thickness).
- the vertical electric vibrator 21 may include at least four vertical electric oscillator units 211 distributed under the horizontal magnetic vibrator 22 and fixed on the metal ground 1.
- each vertical electric oscillator unit 211 it is a T-shaped structure including a disk-shaped conductor structure 211a and a metal rod-like structure 211b, one end of which is fixed on the metal ground 1, and the metal rod-shaped structure 211b The other end is horizontally provided with a disk-shaped conductor structure 211a.
- the metal rod-like structure 211b may, for example, be a cylinder having a radius of 1.29 mm and may have a height of, for example, 17.6 mm.
- the disk-shaped conductor structure 211a may be, for example, a disk having a radius of 5.3 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm. It should be noted that only four implementations of the vertical distribution of the vertical oscillating unit 211 are shown in FIG. 4, and those skilled in the art can understand that the number of vertical oscillating unit 211 included in the vertical oscillating unit 21 can be based on It needs to be adjusted by itself, and its distribution mode and specific structure can also be adjusted appropriately. This embodiment is not limited.
- the horizontal magnetic vibrator 22 may be a metal disk-like structure or a disk-like structure whose surface is covered with a metal layer.
- the parasitic unit 23 may be a disk-like structure. Alternatively, the parasitic unit 23 may also be a polygonal sheet-like structure.
- the horizontal magnetic vibrator 22 and the parasitic unit 23 may be fixed above the respective vertical electric oscillator units 211 by the metal posts 3, and the parasitic unit 23 is fixed above the horizontal magnetic vibrators 22.
- the distance D between the parasitic element 23 and the horizontal magnon 22 can satisfy 0.02 ⁇ D ⁇ 0.06/1, where A is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
- the distance D between the parasitic unit 23 and the horizontal magnon 22 can be set to 0.025.
- the size of the parasitic unit 23 is smaller than the size of the horizontal magnon 22.
- the diameter of the parasitic element 23 is smaller than the radius of the horizontal magnon 22 by 2.6 mm.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of an antenna port reflection coefficient of an embodiment of an electromagnetic coupling antenna of the present invention and a conventional electromagnetic coupling antenna.
- FIG. 5 shows that after a parasitic element is added to the electromagnetic coupling antenna, In the frequency range of 1.71 GHz to 2.17 GHz, the reflection coefficients of the antenna ports are all reduced to below -14 dB, which satisfies the macrocell VSWR bandwidth requirement, thereby achieving band broadening.
- the present invention is not limited to the specific electromagnetic coupling antenna structure described above, and those skilled in the art can also add a parasitic unit to the existing electromagnetic coupling antenna, as long as the formation between the parasitic unit and the horizontal magnetic vibrator is ensured.
- the second resonant tank and the first resonant circuit formed by the vertical electric vibrator and the horizontal magnetic vibrator may constitute a resonant circuit having a widened frequency.
- Embodiments of the present invention add parasitic elements to the antenna radiating element, and the parasitic unit and the water
- the flat magnetic oscillator constitutes a second resonant circuit, and a difference between a resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit formed by the vertical and horizontal magnetic oscillators and a resonant frequency of the second resonant circuit is less than a preset threshold, thereby causing the first resonant circuit and the
- the second resonant circuit forms a resonant circuit with a widened band, thereby realizing a band-widened electromagnetic coupling antenna, thereby adapting to the demand for communication broadband.
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Abstract
Provided is an electromagnetic dipole antenna. The electromagnetic dipole antenna comprises a metal ground and an antenna radiation unit arranged on the metal ground. The antenna radiation unit comprises a vertical electric vibrator, a horizontal magnetic vibrator and a parasitic unit. The vertical electric vibrator and the horizontal magnetic vibrator form a first resonance loop, the parasitic unit and the horizontal magnetic vibrator form a second resonance loop, and the difference between the resonance frequency of the first resonance loop and that of the second resonance loop is less than a preset threshold value, so that the first resonance loop and the second resonance loop form a band spread resonance loop. The embodiment of the present invention achieves a band spread electromagnetic dipole antenna, and then adapts to the demand of communication broadband.
Description
电磁耦极子天线 技术领域 本发明实施例涉及天线技术,尤其涉及一种频带展宽的电磁耦极子天线。 背景技术 TECHNICAL FIELD Embodiments of the present invention relate to antenna technologies, and in particular, to a frequency band broadened electromagnetic coupling antenna. Background technique
随着移动通信技术的迅速发展, 现代通信向小型化、 集成化、 多功能 (多 频段、 多极化和多用途)的方向发展。 天线作为无线通信***中最重要的部件 之一, 它的尺寸成为制约通信***进一步小型化的瓶颈之一, 因而设计小型 化、 集成化、 多功能天线己成为当前天线界研究的重点。 With the rapid development of mobile communication technologies, modern communication has developed toward miniaturization, integration, and multi-function (multi-band, multi-polarization, and multi-purpose). As one of the most important components in wireless communication systems, the antenna has become one of the bottlenecks restricting the further miniaturization of communication systems. Therefore, designing a compact, integrated, and multi-functional antenna has become the focus of current antenna research.
国内外在小型化多频段天线方面有很多文献, 其中, 《信息技术》在 There are a lot of literatures on miniaturized multi-band antennas at home and abroad, among which, "Information Technology"
2011年 12月 25 日刊登有一篇文章 《小型化基站天线带来的影响》最有代 表性,该文主要介绍了一种可用于 806 ~ 960MHz, 1710 ~ 2170MHz和 1710 ~ 2170MHz的三频段基站天线, 该天线的体积为: 1340mmx380 mmx l00 mm。 但对于天线小型化要求日益提高的新型通信***, 该天线的体积仍然过大, 需要进一步研究小型化天线, 特别是研究具有低轮廓特性的小型化天线, 以 便方便天线的架设和安装。 On December 25th, 2011, an article entitled "Impact of Miniaturized Base Station Antennas" was the most representative. This paper mainly introduces a three-band base station antenna that can be used for 806 ~ 960MHz, 1710 ~ 2170MHz and 1710 ~ 2170MHz. The size of the antenna is: 1340mmx380 mmx l00 mm. However, for a new communication system with an increasingly small antenna miniaturization, the size of the antenna is still too large, and further research on miniaturized antennas is needed, especially for miniaturized antennas with low profile characteristics, so as to facilitate antenna erection and installation.
基于上述天线小型化需求, 电磁耦极子天线应运而生。 但是, 在现有技 术中, 电磁耦极子天线无法适应通信宽带化需求。 发明内容 Based on the above-mentioned antenna miniaturization requirements, electromagnetic coupling antennas have emerged. However, in the prior art, the electromagnetic coupling antenna cannot meet the communication broadband requirement. Summary of the invention
本发明实施例提供一种电磁耦极子天线, 以适应通信宽带化需求。 Embodiments of the present invention provide an electromagnetic coupling antenna to meet the requirements of communication broadband.
本发明实施例提供的电磁耦极子天线包括金属地和设置在所述金属地上 的天线辐射单元, 所述天线辐射单元包括垂直电振子、 水平磁振子和寄生单 元, 所述垂直电振子和所述水平磁振子构成第一谐振回路, 所述寄生单元与 所述水平磁振子构成第二谐振回路, 所述第一谐振回路的谐振频率与所述第 二谐振回路的谐振频率之差小于预设阈值, 以使所述第一谐振回路与所述第 二谐振回路形成频带展宽的谐振回路。 An electromagnetic dipole antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a metal ground and an antenna radiating unit disposed on the metal ground, and the antenna radiating unit includes a vertical electric vibrator, a horizontal magnon, and a parasitic unit, and the vertical electric vibrator and the The horizontal magnetic oscillator constitutes a first resonant circuit, and the parasitic unit and the horizontal magnetic oscillator constitute a second resonant circuit, and a difference between a resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit and a resonant frequency of the second resonant circuit is less than a preset a threshold such that the first resonant tank and the second resonant loop form a resonant tank with a widened band.
在第一种可能的实现方式中, 所述水平磁振子固定在所述垂直电振子的
上方, 所述寄生单元固定在所述水平磁振子的上方。 In a first possible implementation manner, the horizontal magnetic vibrator is fixed to the vertical electric vibrator Above, the parasitic unit is fixed above the horizontal magnon.
结合上述第一种可能的实现方式, 在第二种可能的实现方式中, 所述水 平磁振子和所述寄生单元固定在金属柱上, 所述金属柱的一端固定在所述金 属地上。 In conjunction with the first possible implementation, in the second possible implementation, the horizontal magnon and the parasitic unit are fixed on a metal post, and one end of the metal post is fixed on the metal ground.
结合上述第二种可能的实现方式, 在第三种可能的实现方式中, 所述水 平磁振子为表面覆盖有金属层的盘状结构。 In combination with the second possible implementation manner described above, in a third possible implementation, the horizontal magnon is a disc-shaped structure whose surface is covered with a metal layer.
结合上述第一种至第三种中任一种可能的实现方式, 在第四种可能的实 现方式中, 所述垂直电振子包括分布在所述水平磁振子下方且固定在所述金 属地上的至少两个垂直电振子单元。 In combination with the possible implementation of any one of the foregoing first to third, in a fourth possible implementation, the vertical electric oscillator includes a distribution below the horizontal magnetic vibrator and is fixed on the metal ground. At least two vertical oscillator units.
结合上述第四种可能的实现方式, 在第五种可能的实现方式中, 每个垂 直电振子为 T型结构, 所述 T型结构包括盘状导体结构和金属棒状结构, 所 述金属棒状结构的一端固定在所述金属地上, 所述金属棒状结构的另一端水 平设置所述盘状导体结构。 In combination with the fourth possible implementation manner described above, in a fifth possible implementation manner, each of the vertical electric vibrators is a T-shaped structure, and the T-shaped structure includes a disc-shaped conductor structure and a metal rod-shaped structure, and the metal rod-shaped structure One end of the metal rod-like structure is horizontally disposed on the metal ground, and the other end of the metal rod-like structure is horizontally disposed.
结合上述第一种至第五种中任一种可能的实现方式, 在第六种可能的实 现方式中, 所述垂直电振子和水平磁振子之间通过介质实现电磁耦合。 In conjunction with any of the possible implementations of any of the first to fifth embodiments, in a sixth possible implementation, the electromagnetic coupling between the vertical and horizontal magnetic oscillators is achieved by a medium.
结合上述第一种至第六种中任一种可能的实现方式, 在第七种可能的实 现方式中, 所述寄生单元与所述水平磁振子之间的距离 D满足 0.02 < D < 0.06 /1 , 其中 A为中心频点对应的波长。 In combination with the possible implementation of any one of the foregoing first to sixth, in a seventh possible implementation, the distance D between the parasitic element and the horizontal magnetic vibrator satisfies 0.02 < D < 0.06 / 1 , where A is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
结合上述第一种至第七种中任一种可能的实现方式, 在第八种可能的实 现方式中, 所述寄生单元的尺寸小于所述水平磁振子的尺寸。 In conjunction with any of the possible implementations of any one of the first to seventh embodiments above, in an eighth possible implementation, the size of the parasitic element is smaller than the size of the horizontal magnetic vibrator.
结合上述第一种至第八种中任一种可能的实现方式, 在第九种可能的实 现方式中, 所述寄生单元为圓片状结构或者为多边形片状结构。 In conjunction with any of the possible implementations of the first to the eighth, in a ninth possible implementation, the parasitic unit is a disk-like structure or a polygonal sheet-like structure.
本发明实施例通过在天线辐射单元中增加寄生单元, 将该寄生单元与水 平磁振子构成第二谐振回路, 且垂直电振子和水平磁振子构成的第一谐振回 路的谐振频率与该第二谐振回路的谐振频率之差小于预设阈值, 从而使得第 一谐振回路与所述第二谐振回路形成频带展宽的谐振回路, 从而实现了一种 频带展宽的电磁耦极子天线, 进而适应通信宽带化的需求。 附图说明 为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案, 下面将对实
施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下 面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在 不付出创造性劳动性的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。 In the embodiment of the present invention, by adding a parasitic element to the antenna radiating unit, the parasitic unit and the horizontal magnetic vibrator constitute a second resonant circuit, and the resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit formed by the vertical electric vibrator and the horizontal magnetic vibrator and the second resonance The difference between the resonant frequencies of the loops is less than a preset threshold, so that the first resonant tank and the second resonant loop form a resonant circuit with a widened band, thereby realizing a band-widened electromagnetic coupling antenna, thereby adapting to communication broadband Demand. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will be true. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings, which are required to be used in the description of the prior art, are briefly described. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and no one would be creative to those skilled in the art Other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings on the premise of labor.
图 1为本发明电磁耦极子天线一实施例的整体结构示意图; 1 is a schematic overall structural view of an embodiment of an electromagnetic coupling antenna according to the present invention;
图 2为图 1所示电磁耦极子天线的俯视结构示意图; 2 is a schematic top plan view of the electromagnetic coupling antenna shown in FIG. 1;
图 3为图 1所示电磁耦极子天线的剖面结构示意图; 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the electromagnetic coupling antenna shown in FIG. 1;
图 4为图 1所示电磁耦极子天线中垂直电振子的结构示意图; 图 5为本发明电磁耦极子天线一实施例与现有电磁耦极子天线的天线端 口反射系数的比较示意图。 具体实施方式 为使本发明实施例的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚, 下面将结合本发 明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例, 而不是全部的实施例。 基于 本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获 得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。 4 is a schematic structural view of a vertical electric vibrator in the electromagnetic dipole antenna shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of an antenna port reflection coefficient of an embodiment of an electromagnetic dipole antenna of the present invention and a conventional electromagnetic dipole antenna. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.
本发明实施例提供一种电磁耦极子天线, 该天线包括金属地和设置在该 金属地上的天线辐射单元, 其中, 天线辐射单元可以包括垂直电振子、 水平 磁振子和寄生单元, 该垂直电振子和水平磁振子可以构成第一谐振回路, 寄 生单元与水平磁振子可以构成第二谐振回路, 该第一谐振回路的谐振频率与 第二谐振回路的谐振频率之差小于预设阈值, 以使第一谐振回路与第二谐振 回路形成频带展宽的谐振回路。 An embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic coupling antenna, which includes a metal ground and an antenna radiating unit disposed on the metal ground, wherein the antenna radiating unit may include a vertical electric vibrator, a horizontal magnon, and a parasitic unit, and the vertical electric The vibrator and the horizontal magnetic vibrator may constitute a first resonant circuit, and the parasitic unit and the horizontal magnetic vibrator may constitute a second resonant circuit, and a difference between a resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit and a resonant frequency of the second resonant circuit is less than a preset threshold, so that The first resonant tank and the second resonant loop form a resonant tank with a broadened band.
具体来说, 电磁耦极子天线是一种基于电耦极子与磁耦极子互补的新型 天线。 该电磁耦极子天线可以包括金属地和设置在该金属地上的天线辐射单 元, 该金属地可以为一导电金属板, 该天线辐射单元可以包括垂直电振子和 水平磁振子。 该垂直电振子与水平磁振子可以构成第一谐振回路。 本发明实 施例的天线辐射单元可以进一步包括寄生单元, 该寄生单元与水平磁振子构 成第二谐振回路。 该第二谐振回路的谐振频率与第一谐振回路的谐振频率十 分接近, 例如两个谐振频率的差值可以小于预设阈值, 使得第一谐振回路与 第二谐振回路形成频带展宽的谐振回路, 从而可以优化天线阻抗匹配, 以适
应通信宽带化的需求。 Specifically, the electromagnetic coupling antenna is a novel antenna based on the complementary of the electric coupling pole and the magnetic coupling pole. The electromagnetic dipole antenna may include a metal ground and an antenna radiating unit disposed on the metal ground, and the metal ground may be a conductive metal plate, and the antenna radiating unit may include a vertical electric vibrator and a horizontal magnetic vibrator. The vertical electric vibrator and the horizontal magnetic vibrator may constitute a first resonant circuit. The antenna radiating element of the embodiment of the present invention may further include a parasitic unit that forms a second resonant loop with the horizontal magnetic vibrator. The resonant frequency of the second resonant circuit is very close to the resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit. For example, the difference between the two resonant frequencies may be less than a preset threshold, so that the first resonant circuit and the second resonant circuit form a resonant circuit with a widened band. Thereby optimizing antenna impedance matching to suit Should meet the needs of communication broadband.
本实施例的电磁耦极子天线的工作原理为: 多个激励源对多个垂直电振 子进行激励, 该垂直电振子通过介质与水平磁振子进行电磁耦合, 通过垂直 电振子和水平磁振子间的第一谐振回路, 实现第一级电磁能量辐射, 该水平 磁振子通过介质与寄生单元进行电磁耦合, 通过水平磁振子和寄生单元间的 第二谐振回路, 实现第二级电磁能量辐射。 The working principle of the electromagnetic dipole antenna of this embodiment is as follows: a plurality of excitation sources excite a plurality of vertical electric vibrators, and the vertical electric vibrators are electromagnetically coupled to the horizontal magnetic vibrators through the medium, through the vertical electric vibrators and the horizontal magnetic vibrators The first resonant circuit realizes the first-stage electromagnetic energy radiation, and the horizontal magnetic vibrator is electromagnetically coupled to the parasitic unit through the medium, and the second-stage electromagnetic energy radiation is realized by the second resonant circuit between the horizontal magnetic vibrator and the parasitic unit.
在具体实现时, 垂直电振子和水平磁振子之间既可以通过空气实现电磁 耦合, 也可以通过其它介质进行电磁耦合。 类似地, 水平磁振子和寄生单元 之间既可以通过空气实现电磁耦合, 也可以通过其它介质进行电磁耦合。 In the specific implementation, the electromagnetic coupling between the vertical electric vibrator and the horizontal magnon can be electromagnetically coupled through air or through other media. Similarly, electromagnetic coupling between the horizontal magnon and the parasitic element can be achieved either by air or by other media.
另外, 需要说明的是, 上述的预设阈值可以在一定范围内浮动, 只要能 够保证第一谐振回路与第二谐振回路能够形成频带展宽的谐振回路即可。 而 且, 本领域技术人员可以根据需要, 自行对寄生单元进行设计, 从而满足两 个谐振回路的谐振频率相近的需求。 In addition, it should be noted that the above-mentioned preset threshold value may float within a certain range as long as it can ensure that the first resonant circuit and the second resonant circuit can form a resonant circuit with a widened band. Moreover, those skilled in the art can design the parasitic cells by themselves according to the needs, so as to meet the similar requirements of the resonant frequencies of the two resonant circuits.
在具体实现时, 水平磁振子可以固定在垂直电振子的上方以形成第一谐 振回路, 从而使得垂直电振子在参与辐射时, 可以以空气耦合方式或者其它 介质耦合方式对水平磁振子进行差分馈电; 寄生单元可以固定在水平磁振子 的上方以形成第二谐振回路, 从而使得水平磁振子在参与辐射时, 可以以空 气耦合方式或者其它介质耦合方式对寄生单元进行差分馈电, 进而使得两个 谐振回路形成频带展宽的谐振回路。 In a specific implementation, the horizontal magnetic vibrator may be fixed above the vertical electric vibrator to form a first resonant circuit, so that the vertical electric vibrator may be differentially fed to the horizontal magnetic vibrator by air coupling or other medium coupling mode when participating in the radiation. The parasitic unit may be fixed above the horizontal magnetic vibrator to form a second resonant circuit, so that the horizontal magnetic vibrator may differentially feed the parasitic unit in an air coupling manner or other medium coupling manner when participating in the radiation, thereby causing two The resonant circuits form a resonant circuit with a broadened band.
进一步地, 水平磁振子和寄生单元可以通过金属柱固定在金属地上, 即 金属柱的一端固定在金属地上, 水平磁振子和寄生单元可以穿过金属柱固定 在该金属柱的另一端, 且寄生单元被固定在水平磁振子的正上方。 Further, the horizontal magnon and the parasitic unit may be fixed on the metal ground by the metal post, that is, one end of the metal post is fixed on the metal ground, and the horizontal magnon and the parasitic unit may be fixed to the other end of the metal post through the metal post, and parasitic The unit is fixed directly above the horizontal magnon.
下面釆用两个具体的实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。 The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below using two specific embodiments.
图 1为本发明电磁耦极子天线一实施例的整体结构示意图, 图 2为图 1 所示电磁耦极子天线的俯视结构示意图, 图 3为图 1所示电磁耦极子天线的 剖面结构示意图, 图 4为图 1所示电磁耦极子天线中垂直电振子的结构示意 图。 如图 1〜4所示, 本实施例的电磁耦极子天线包括金属地 1和天线辐射单 元 2。 该天线辐射单元 2可以包括垂直电振子 21、 水平磁振子 22以及寄生单 元 23。 1 is a schematic overall structural view of an embodiment of an electromagnetic coupling antenna of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the electromagnetic coupling antenna of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional structure of the electromagnetic coupling antenna of FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a vertical electric vibrator in the electromagnetic coupling antenna shown in FIG. 1. As shown in Figs. 1 to 4, the electromagnetic coupling antenna of this embodiment includes a metal ground 1 and an antenna radiating unit 2. The antenna radiating unit 2 may include a vertical electric vibrator 21, a horizontal magnon 22, and a parasitic unit 23.
该金属地 1可以为一个正方形平面结构, 尺寸例如可以为 150mm (长)
150mm (宽) x lmm (厚) 。 The metal ground 1 may be a square planar structure, and the size may be, for example, 150 mm (long). 150mm (width) x lmm (thickness).
垂直电振子 21可以包括分布在水平磁振子 22下方且固定在金属地 1上 的至少四个垂直电振子单元 211。对于每个垂直电振子单元 211来说,其为 T 型结构, 该 T型结构包括盘状导体结构 211a和金属棒状结构 211b, 金属棒 状结构 211b的一端固定在金属地 1上, 金属棒状结构 211b的另一端水平设 置盘状导体结构 211a。 金属棒状结构 211b例如可以为半径为 1.29 mm的圓 柱体,其高度例如可以为 17.6 mm。盘状导体结构 211a例如可以为半径为 5.3 mm且厚度为 0.5mm的圓盘。 需要说明的是, 图 4中仅示出了四个垂直电振 子单元 211均勾分布的实现方式, 本领域技术人员可以理解的是, 垂直电振 子 21包含的垂直电振子单元 211的数目可以根据需要自行调整, 而且, 其分 布方式和具体结构也可以进行适当调整, 本实施例并不限制。 The vertical electric vibrator 21 may include at least four vertical electric oscillator units 211 distributed under the horizontal magnetic vibrator 22 and fixed on the metal ground 1. For each vertical electric oscillator unit 211, it is a T-shaped structure including a disk-shaped conductor structure 211a and a metal rod-like structure 211b, one end of which is fixed on the metal ground 1, and the metal rod-shaped structure 211b The other end is horizontally provided with a disk-shaped conductor structure 211a. The metal rod-like structure 211b may, for example, be a cylinder having a radius of 1.29 mm and may have a height of, for example, 17.6 mm. The disk-shaped conductor structure 211a may be, for example, a disk having a radius of 5.3 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm. It should be noted that only four implementations of the vertical distribution of the vertical oscillating unit 211 are shown in FIG. 4, and those skilled in the art can understand that the number of vertical oscillating unit 211 included in the vertical oscillating unit 21 can be based on It needs to be adjusted by itself, and its distribution mode and specific structure can also be adjusted appropriately. This embodiment is not limited.
水平磁振子 22可以为金属盘状结构或者表面覆盖有金属层的盘状结构。 寄生单元 23可以为圓片状结构, 可替换的, 该寄生单元 23也可以为多 边形片状结构。 The horizontal magnetic vibrator 22 may be a metal disk-like structure or a disk-like structure whose surface is covered with a metal layer. The parasitic unit 23 may be a disk-like structure. Alternatively, the parasitic unit 23 may also be a polygonal sheet-like structure.
水平磁振子 22以及寄生单元 23可以通过金属柱 3固定在各个垂直电振 子单元 211的上方, 且寄生单元 23固定在水平磁振子 22上方。 The horizontal magnetic vibrator 22 and the parasitic unit 23 may be fixed above the respective vertical electric oscillator units 211 by the metal posts 3, and the parasitic unit 23 is fixed above the horizontal magnetic vibrators 22.
优选地, 寄生单元 23与水平磁振子 22之间的距离 D可以满足 0.02 < D < 0.06/1 , 其中 A为中心频点对应的波长。 例如, 寄生单元 23与水平磁振子 22之间的距离 D可以设置为 0.025 。 Preferably, the distance D between the parasitic element 23 and the horizontal magnon 22 can satisfy 0.02 < D < 0.06/1, where A is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency. For example, the distance D between the parasitic unit 23 and the horizontal magnon 22 can be set to 0.025.
优选地, 寄生单元 23的尺寸小于水平磁振子 22的尺寸。 例如, 寄生单 元 23的直径比水平磁振子 22的半径小 2.6mm。 Preferably, the size of the parasitic unit 23 is smaller than the size of the horizontal magnon 22. For example, the diameter of the parasitic element 23 is smaller than the radius of the horizontal magnon 22 by 2.6 mm.
图 5为本发明电磁耦极子天线一实施例与现有电磁耦极子天线的天线端 口反射系数的比较示意图, 由图 5可以看出, 在电磁耦极子天线上增设寄生 单元后, 在 1.71GHz〜2.17GHz频段内, 天线端口反射系数全都降低至 -14dB 以下, 满足宏蜂窝驻波比带宽要求, 从而实现了频带展宽。 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of an antenna port reflection coefficient of an embodiment of an electromagnetic coupling antenna of the present invention and a conventional electromagnetic coupling antenna. FIG. 5 shows that after a parasitic element is added to the electromagnetic coupling antenna, In the frequency range of 1.71 GHz to 2.17 GHz, the reflection coefficients of the antenna ports are all reduced to below -14 dB, which satisfies the macrocell VSWR bandwidth requirement, thereby achieving band broadening.
可以理解的是, 本发明并不限于上述特定的电磁耦极子天线结构, 本领 域技术人员也可以在现有电磁耦极子天线上增加寄生单元, 只要保证寄生单 元与水平磁振子之间形成的第二谐振回路与垂直电振子和水平磁振子构成的 第一谐振回路构成频率展宽的谐振回路即可。 It can be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific electromagnetic coupling antenna structure described above, and those skilled in the art can also add a parasitic unit to the existing electromagnetic coupling antenna, as long as the formation between the parasitic unit and the horizontal magnetic vibrator is ensured. The second resonant tank and the first resonant circuit formed by the vertical electric vibrator and the horizontal magnetic vibrator may constitute a resonant circuit having a widened frequency.
本发明实施例通过在天线辐射单元中增加寄生单元, 将该寄生单元与水
平磁振子构成第二谐振回路, 且垂直电振子和水平磁振子构成的第一谐振回 路的谐振频率与该第二谐振回路的谐振频率之差小于预设阈值, 从而使得第 一谐振回路与所述第二谐振回路形成频带展宽的谐振回路, 从而实现了一种 频带展宽的电磁耦极子天线, 进而适应通信宽带化的需求。 Embodiments of the present invention add parasitic elements to the antenna radiating element, and the parasitic unit and the water The flat magnetic oscillator constitutes a second resonant circuit, and a difference between a resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit formed by the vertical and horizontal magnetic oscillators and a resonant frequency of the second resonant circuit is less than a preset threshold, thereby causing the first resonant circuit and the The second resonant circuit forms a resonant circuit with a widened band, thereby realizing a band-widened electromagnetic coupling antenna, thereby adapting to the demand for communication broadband.
最后应说明的是: 以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案, 而非对 其限制; 尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明, 本领域的普通 技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改, 或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换; 而这些修改或者替换, 并 不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for explaining the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to be limiting thereof; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or substitutions do not deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. range.
Claims
1、 一种电磁耦极子天线, 其特征在于, 包括金属地和设置在所述金属地 上的天线辐射单元, 所述天线辐射单元包括垂直电振子、 水平磁振子和寄生 单元, 所述垂直电振子和所述水平磁振子构成第一谐振回路, 所述寄生单元 与所述水平磁振子构成第二谐振回路, 所述第一谐振回路的谐振频率与所述 第二谐振回路的谐振频率之差小于预设阈值, 以使所述第一谐振回路与所述 第二谐振回路形成频带展宽的谐振回路。 1. An electromagnetic dipole antenna, characterized in that it includes a metal ground and an antenna radiating unit arranged on the metal ground. The antenna radiating unit includes a vertical electric oscillator, a horizontal magnon and a parasitic unit. The vertical electric oscillator The oscillator and the horizontal magnetic oscillator constitute a first resonant circuit, the parasitic unit and the horizontal magnetic oscillator constitute a second resonant circuit, and the difference between the resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit and the resonant frequency of the second resonant circuit is is less than the preset threshold, so that the first resonant circuit and the second resonant circuit form a resonant circuit with a widened frequency band.
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的天线, 其特征在于, 所述水平磁振子固定在所 述垂直电振子的上方, 所述寄生单元固定在所述水平磁振子的上方。 2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal magnetic oscillator is fixed above the vertical electric oscillator, and the parasitic unit is fixed above the horizontal magnetic oscillator.
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的天线, 其特征在于, 所述水平磁振子和所述寄 生单元固定在金属柱上, 所述金属柱的一端固定在所述金属地上。 3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein the horizontal magnon and the parasitic unit are fixed on a metal column, and one end of the metal column is fixed on the metal ground.
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的天线, 其特征在于, 所述水平磁振子为表面覆 盖有金属层的盘状结构。 4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that the horizontal magnon is a disc-shaped structure with a surface covered with a metal layer.
5、 根据权利要求 2〜4中任一项所述的天线, 其特征在于, 所述垂直电振 子包括分布在所述水平磁振子下方且固定在所述金属地上的至少两个垂直电 振子单元。 5. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the vertical electric oscillator includes at least two vertical electric oscillator units distributed below the horizontal magnetic oscillator and fixed on the metal ground. .
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的天线, 其特征在于, 每个垂直电振子为 T型结 构, 所述 T型结构包括盘状导体结构和金属棒状结构, 所述金属棒状结构的 一端固定在所述金属地上, 所述金属棒状结构的另一端水平设置所述盘状导 体结构。 6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that each vertical electric oscillator has a T-shaped structure, the T-shaped structure includes a disc-shaped conductor structure and a metal rod-shaped structure, one end of the metal rod-shaped structure is fixed at the On the metal ground, the other end of the metal rod-shaped structure is horizontally disposed with the disk-shaped conductor structure.
7、 根据权利要求 1〜6中任一项所述的天线, 其特征在于, 所述垂直电振 子和水平磁振子之间通过介质实现电磁耦合, 所述水平磁振子与寄生单元之 间通过介质实现电磁耦合。 7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that electromagnetic coupling is achieved through a medium between the vertical electric oscillator and the horizontal magnetic oscillator, and a medium is used between the horizontal magnetic oscillator and the parasitic unit. Achieve electromagnetic coupling.
8、 根据权利要求 1〜7中任一项所述的天线, 其特征在于, 所述寄生单元 与所述水平磁振子之间的距离 D满足 0.02 A < D < 0.06 /1 , 其中 Α为中心频点 对应的波长。 8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the distance D between the parasitic unit and the horizontal magnon satisfies 0.02 A < D < 0.06 /1, where A is the center The wavelength corresponding to the frequency point.
9、 根据权利要求 1〜8中任一项所述的天线, 其特征在于, 所述寄生单元 的尺寸小于所述水平磁振子的尺寸。 9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the size of the parasitic unit is smaller than the size of the horizontal magnon.
10、 根据权利要求 1〜9中任一项所述的天线, 其特征在于, 所述寄生单 元为圓片状结构或者为多边形片状结构。
10. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the parasitic unit is a disc-shaped structure or a polygonal sheet-shaped structure.
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CN102804495A (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2012-11-28 | 阿尔卡特朗讯 | Radiating antenna element |
CN102437408A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-05-02 | 北京华力创通科技股份有限公司 | Octagonal flat-type array antenna |
CN102882004A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2013-01-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Electromagnetic dipole antenna |
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CN106450770A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2017-02-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and miniaturized communication device |
CN106450770B (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2020-04-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and miniaturized communication equipment |
WO2018010817A1 (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2018-01-18 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Radiating element, a system comprising the radiating element and a method for operating the radiating element or the system |
CN114725662A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-08 | 安徽大学 | Microstrip feed plane circular polarized antenna based on magnetic oscillator and electric oscillator |
CN114725662B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-06-27 | 安徽大学 | Microstrip feed plane circularly polarized antenna based on magnon and electric vibrator |
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