CN109193125B - Single-feed circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna - Google Patents
Single-feed circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN109193125B CN109193125B CN201810862191.0A CN201810862191A CN109193125B CN 109193125 B CN109193125 B CN 109193125B CN 201810862191 A CN201810862191 A CN 201810862191A CN 109193125 B CN109193125 B CN 109193125B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single-feed circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna, which comprises: the lower surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a microstrip line, the upper surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a metal large ground layer, and the metal large ground layer is provided with a coupling groove which is used for being matched with the microstrip line to carry out coupling feed; the top layer radiation unit comprises a strip dielectric resonator and a hollow double-layer dielectric resonator; the double-layer dielectric resonator is arranged on the metal ground layer and covers the coupling groove; the strip dielectric resonator is arranged on the metal ground layer and is positioned in a hollow area in the double-layer dielectric resonator, wherein the strip dielectric resonator is formed by rotating a preset angle around a central point of the strip dielectric resonator along the counterclockwise direction of a top-down viewing angle in a horizontal plane from the direction perpendicular to the microstrip line so as to realize the conversion from linearly polarized waves to circularly polarized waves. The antenna has higher gain, low profile and wider operating bandwidth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a single-feed circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna.
Background
The circularly polarized Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) has the advantages of high radiation efficiency, flexible design, rain and fog interference resistance, multipath effect resistance and the like, and has wide application prospects in aspects of satellite communication, navigation, mobile communication and the like.
In recent years, a large amount of research has been put into the circular polarization dielectric resonator antenna by antenna researchers at home and abroad. Generally, there are two feeding schemes for generating circularly polarized waves, namely, single-feed-point and multi-feed-point techniques. The DRA with multiple feeding points has wider axial ratio bandwidth, but needs to adopt an additional feeding network, and has a relatively complex structure. The DRA with a single feed point has a simple structure, but the axial ratio bandwidth is usually narrow, and the axial ratio bandwidth can be expanded by a plurality of technical means, for example, DR with a special shape can be adopted, but the antenna with an irregular shape is not easy to process and manufacture and is difficult to analyze by using a traditional theory; the aspect ratio or aspect ratio of the amplified DR can also increase the axial ratio bandwidth, but this approach has the problem of increasing the size of the antenna; the use of improved feed techniques is also an effective way to broaden the axial ratio bandwidth, but low dielectric constant dielectric materials are often used in such designs, resulting in lower gain.
The need for compact, broadband, high gain antennas in modern wireless communication systems is pressing. Therefore, there is a need for a single-feed circular polarized dielectric resonator antenna having both broadband (for circular polarized antennas, the axial ratio bandwidth determines the overall operating bandwidth of the antenna) and high gain characteristics.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a single-feed circular polarized dielectric resonator antenna, which meets the above-mentioned needs of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: constructing a single-feed circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna comprising:
the lower surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a microstrip line, the upper surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a metal large ground layer, and the metal large ground layer is provided with a coupling groove which is used for being matched with the microstrip line to carry out coupling feed;
the top layer radiation unit comprises a strip dielectric resonator and a hollow double-layer dielectric resonator; the double-layer dielectric resonator is arranged on the metal ground layer and covers the coupling groove; the strip dielectric resonator is arranged on the metal ground layer and is positioned in a hollow area in the double-layer dielectric resonator, wherein the strip dielectric resonator is formed by rotating a preset angle around a central point of the strip dielectric resonator along the counterclockwise direction of a top-down view angle in a horizontal plane from a direction perpendicular to the microstrip line so as to realize the conversion from linearly polarized waves to circularly polarized waves.
In the antenna, the double-layer dielectric resonator comprises a hollow dielectric plate and a ceramic thin plate positioned above the hollow dielectric plate, the hollow dielectric plate is in a square frame shape, the ceramic thin plate is in a square plate shape, the horizontal projections of the hollow dielectric plate and the ceramic thin plate are overlapped, and the dielectric constant of the ceramic thin plate is higher than that of the hollow dielectric plate.
In the antenna, the coupling groove is arranged in the center of the metal ground layer, the central axes of the dielectric substrate, the metal ground layer, the coupling groove, the strip dielectric resonator and the double-layer dielectric resonator along the thickness direction of the antenna are overlapped, the horizontal projections of the dielectric substrate and the metal ground layer are rectangular and the horizontal projections of the dielectric substrate and the metal ground layer are overlapped, and the horizontal projections of the coupling groove and the double-layer dielectric resonator are square and are positioned in the horizontal projection of the dielectric substrate.
In the antenna according to the present invention, the microstrip line is formed to extend from a center position of a short side of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate in a direction parallel to a long side.
The single-feed circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna has the following beneficial effects: the top layer radiation unit of the antenna comprises a strip dielectric resonator and a hollow double-layer dielectric resonator, wherein the strip dielectric resonator is positioned in a hollow area in the double-layer dielectric resonator and is formed by rotating around a central point of the strip dielectric resonator in a horizontal plane by a preset angle along the counterclockwise direction of a top-down view angle from the direction vertical to a microstrip line, and the double-layer dielectric resonator can be used as a radiation unit of the antenna and can encapsulate the strip dielectric resonator therein to form a low-profile antenna structure; further, the dielectric constant of the ceramic thin plate in the double-layer dielectric resonator is much higher than that of the hollow dielectric plate, so that the radiation of the antenna is mainly contributed by the side radiation of the dielectric resonator rather than the top surface, thereby obtaining higher radiation gain, and the two resonance modes from the strip dielectric resonator and the hollow double-layer dielectric resonator are combined to form a wider operation bandwidth.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an exploded schematic view of the antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is the electric field distribution of the antenna at two frequency points;
fig. 4 is a | S11| diagram obtained by antenna simulation;
FIG. 5 is an axial ratio and gain of an antenna simulation;
figure 6 is a radiation pattern of the antenna in the x-z plane and the y-z plane.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It is noted that the terms "vertical", "horizontal" and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
The general idea of the invention is as follows: the top layer radiation unit for designing the single-feed circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna comprises a strip dielectric resonator and a hollow double-layer dielectric resonator, wherein the double-layer dielectric resonator is arranged on a metal large ground layer and is positioned in a hollow area of the double-layer dielectric resonator, and the strip dielectric resonator is formed by rotating a preset angle around a self central point in a horizontal plane along the counterclockwise direction of a top-down view angle from the direction vertical to a microstrip line.
In order to better understand the technical solutions, the technical solutions will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments of the specification, and it should be understood that the embodiments and specific features of the embodiments of the present invention are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limited to the technical solutions of the present application, and the technical features of the embodiments and examples of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1, a single-feed circular polarized dielectric resonator antenna in one particular embodiment comprises:
the dielectric substrate 1 is provided with a microstrip line 11 on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1, a metal ground layer 12 on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 1, and a coupling slot 120 for coupling and feeding in cooperation with the microstrip line 11 is etched in the metal ground layer 12. For example, the dielectric substrate 1 in this embodiment is supported by Rogers 5880 (A)r2.2, tan 0.0009) and a thickness h.
The top layer radiation unit 2 comprises a strip dielectric resonator 21 and a hollow double-layer dielectric resonator 22; wherein, the double-layer dielectric resonator 22 is arranged on the metal ground layer 12 and covers the coupling slot; the strip dielectric resonator 21 is arranged on the metal ground layer 12 and is positioned in a hollow area in the double-layer dielectric resonator 22.
Specifically, the coupling groove 120 is disposed at the center of the metal ground layer 12, the central axes of the dielectric substrate 1, the metal ground layer 12, the coupling groove 120, the strip dielectric resonator 21, and the double-layer dielectric resonator 22 in the antenna thickness direction are overlapped, the horizontal projections of the dielectric substrate 1 and the metal ground layer 12 are rectangular, the horizontal projections of the dielectric substrate 1 and the metal ground layer 12 are overlapped, and the microstrip line 11 is formed by extending from the center position of the short side of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1 in the direction parallel to the long side. The horizontal projections of the coupling slot 120 and the double-layer dielectric resonator 22 are both square and are located in the horizontal projection of the dielectric substrate 1.
More specifically, the strip dielectric resonator 21 has a thickness hsBy using a high dielectric constantr1The ceramic material is formed by rotating around the center point of the ceramic material in the horizontal plane by a preset angle theta degrees along the counterclockwise direction of the top-down view angle from the direction vertical to the microstrip line 11. If, the 0xyz coordinate system is established as follows: the central point of the strip dielectric resonator 21 is taken asThe original point, the thickness direction of the antenna board is the z axis, and the direction from the microstrip line 11 to the top layer radiation unit 2 is the positive direction of the z axis; the long side direction of the dielectric substrate 1, i.e. the direction parallel to the microstrip line 11, is the x axis, and the side facing the microstrip line 11 is the positive direction of the x axis; the direction of the short side of the dielectric substrate 1, i.e. the direction perpendicular to the microstrip line 11, is the y-axis, and the x-axis rotates 90 ° counterclockwise as viewed from the top to the y-axis position. The stripe dielectric resonator 21 is formed by rotating around the origin by a predetermined angle θ ° from a position parallel to the y-axis, and the rotation direction is positive to negative with respect to the x-axis along the y-axis.
More specifically, the double-layer dielectric resonator 22 includes a hollow dielectric plate 221 made of a Teflon-based material and a ceramic thin plate 222 located above the hollow dielectric plate, and the dielectric constant of the ceramic thin plate 222 isr1Thickness of ht1The hollow dielectric plate 221 is square frame-shaped, the ceramic thin plate is square plate-shaped, the horizontal projections of the hollow dielectric plate 221 and the ceramic thin plate 222 are overlapped, and the dielectric constant of the ceramic thin plate 222 is higher than that of the hollow dielectric plate 221. In one possible embodiment, the detailed design parameters of the antenna are listed in table 1.
Table 1 detailed design parameters of the antenna
The working principle of the antenna for broadband high gain is analyzed below. The conversion from the linearly polarized wave to the circularly polarized wave is realized by placing the strip dielectric resonator 21 on the coupling groove 120 at an appropriate θ °. The circularly polarized wave from the strip dielectric resonator 21 then excites the stacked double-layer dielectric resonator 22, and the resonant mode of the double-layer dielectric resonator 22 is excited and coupled with the mode of the strip dielectric resonator 21 to form a dual-mode operating band. On the other hand, the hollow double-layer dielectric resonator 22 has characteristics of a low Q value and a high gain as compared with a conventional dielectric resonator of a uniform medium. Among them, the low Q value is due to a decrease in Q value caused by electric field lines being forced to pass through a low dielectric constant region when the low dielectric constant hollow dielectric plate 221 is embedded between a high dielectric constant layer and ground. Moreover, the gain of the antenna is high because the radiation of the double-layer dielectric resonator 22 is mainly from its side wall rather than the upper wall due to the high reflection between the high-permittivity ceramic thin plate 222 and the low-permittivity hollow dielectric plate 221.
To analyze the mode of operation of the antenna, fig. 3 shows the electric field distribution at two frequency points. As can be seen, the low frequency resonance mode is TE from the strip DR111Modes in the figure, (a) is 9GHz and (b) is 11GHz, and the high-frequency resonance mode is the third-order mode TE from the double-layer dielectric resonator131。
Fig. 4 shows the simulated reflection coefficient of the antenna, which can obtain 40% (8.1GHz-12.2GHz) impedance bandwidth. Figure 5 shows the simulated Axial Ratio (AR) performance and gain of this antenna, with a 3-dB AR bandwidth of 28.9%, from 8.6GHz to 11.5GHz, and a maximum gain in-band of 10.2 dBi. Fig. 6 shows simulated radiation patterns of the antenna at two frequencies, 9GHz and 11GHz, where (a) is 9GHz and (b) is 11GHz, the left two figures are x-z planes and the right two figures are y-z planes, indicating that the antenna has good radiation performance in the frequency band.
In summary, the single-feed circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the top layer radiation unit of the antenna comprises a strip dielectric resonator and a hollow double-layer dielectric resonator, wherein the strip dielectric resonator is positioned in a hollow area in the double-layer dielectric resonator and is formed by rotating around a central point of the strip dielectric resonator in a horizontal plane by a preset angle along the counterclockwise direction of a top-down view angle from the direction vertical to a microstrip line, and the double-layer dielectric resonator can be used as a radiation unit of the antenna and can encapsulate the strip dielectric resonator therein to form a low-profile antenna structure; further, the dielectric constant of the ceramic thin plate in the double-layer dielectric resonator is much higher than that of the hollow dielectric plate, so that the radiation of the antenna is mainly contributed by the side radiation of the dielectric resonator rather than the top surface, thereby obtaining higher radiation gain, and the two resonance modes from the strip dielectric resonator and the hollow double-layer dielectric resonator are combined to form a wider operation bandwidth.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A single-feed circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna, comprising:
the lower surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a microstrip line, the upper surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a metal large ground layer, and the metal large ground layer is provided with a coupling groove which is used for being matched with the microstrip line to carry out coupling feed;
the top layer radiation unit comprises a strip dielectric resonator and a hollow double-layer dielectric resonator; the double-layer dielectric resonator is arranged on the metal ground layer and covers the coupling groove; the strip dielectric resonator is arranged on the metal ground layer and is positioned in a hollow area in the double-layer dielectric resonator, wherein the strip dielectric resonator is formed by rotating a preset angle in the counterclockwise direction of a top-down view angle around a self central point in a horizontal plane from a direction perpendicular to a microstrip line; the strip dielectric resonator is placed on the coupling slot at an appropriate angle to realize conversion from a linearly polarized wave to a circularly polarized wave.
2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the double-layer dielectric resonator comprises a hollow dielectric plate and a ceramic thin plate located above the hollow dielectric plate, the hollow dielectric plate is in a square frame shape, the ceramic thin plate is in a square plate shape, horizontal projections of the hollow dielectric plate and the ceramic thin plate are overlapped, and a dielectric constant of the ceramic thin plate is higher than that of the hollow dielectric plate.
3. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the coupling slot is disposed at the center of the metal ground layer, the central axes of the dielectric substrate, the metal ground layer, the coupling slot, the strip dielectric resonator, and the double-layer dielectric resonator in the thickness direction of the antenna coincide with each other, the horizontal projections of the dielectric substrate and the metal ground layer are rectangular and coincide with each other, and the horizontal projections of the coupling slot and the double-layer dielectric resonator are square and are located in the horizontal projection of the dielectric substrate.
4. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein the microstrip line is formed to extend from a center position of a short side of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate in a direction parallel to a long side.
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| CN110247186B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2021-01-01 | 西安电子科技大学 | Wide-beam dielectric resonator antenna |
| CN110401021B (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2020-11-13 | 华东交通大学 | Dielectric resonator filter antenna |
| CN110416713B (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-05-04 | 北京邮电大学 | Broadband two-dimensional beam scanning medium resonant antenna and wireless communication system |
| CN110854521B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-07-27 | 南通大学 | Annular dielectric resonator broadband quasi-yagi antenna based on metal ring loading |
| CN111710980B (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2023-03-10 | 南京信息工程大学 | Multi-arc microstrip dielectric resonant cavity antenna based on 3D printing technology |
| CN111969313B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2022-11-25 | 南通大学 | High-gain differential dual-polarized antenna based on hollow dielectric patch resonator |
| CN111916899B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2022-09-23 | 南京信息工程大学 | Stacked high-gain round-table dielectric resonator antenna |
| CN112271438B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2022-12-06 | 汕头大学 | Slot-fed circularly polarized omnidirectional dielectric resonator antenna |
| CN113036438B (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-12-06 | 南通大学 | Broadband low-profile dielectric resonator antenna for beamforming application |
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| CN101752667A (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2010-06-23 | 株式会社电装 | Dielectric loaded antenna having hollow portion therein |
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| KR101674141B1 (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2016-11-08 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | Circularly polarized semi-eccentric annular antenna and manufacturing method for the same |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101752667A (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2010-06-23 | 株式会社电装 | Dielectric loaded antenna having hollow portion therein |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 《An Investigation of Stacked and Embedded》;Andrew G.Walsh et-al;《IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS》;20061231;第5卷;130-133 * |
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