WO2014110882A1 - Powdered solid fuel boiler equipped with regenerative rotating commutating heater - Google Patents

Powdered solid fuel boiler equipped with regenerative rotating commutating heater Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014110882A1
WO2014110882A1 PCT/CN2013/075697 CN2013075697W WO2014110882A1 WO 2014110882 A1 WO2014110882 A1 WO 2014110882A1 CN 2013075697 W CN2013075697 W CN 2013075697W WO 2014110882 A1 WO2014110882 A1 WO 2014110882A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solid fuel
heat
flue gas
fuel boiler
powdered solid
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/075697
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴道洪
王胜美
陈琳
吴玉林
鲁光明
沈大平
Original Assignee
北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN2013200396495U external-priority patent/CN203131785U/en
Priority claimed from CN201310019500.5A external-priority patent/CN103940275B/en
Priority claimed from CN201310018711.7A external-priority patent/CN103672843B/en
Application filed by 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to RU2015133246A priority Critical patent/RU2622139C2/en
Priority to AU2013374015A priority patent/AU2013374015B9/en
Publication of WO2014110882A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014110882A1/en
Priority to ZA2015/05205A priority patent/ZA201505205B/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/08—Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
    • F23L15/02—Arrangements of regenerators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/8631—Processes characterised by a specific device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/10—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/10—Catalytic reduction devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

  • Powdered solid fuel boiler equipped with regenerative rotary reversing heater equipped with regenerative rotary reversing heater
  • the present invention relates to the field of heat exchange technology, and more particularly to a powdered solid fuel boiler equipped with a regenerative rotary reversing heater. Background technique
  • Rotary air preheater is a flue gas end heat exchange device commonly used in boilers of major power plants. Its performance directly affects boiler thermal efficiency.
  • the traditional rotary air preheater generally uses metal as the heat transfer medium, and can only recover the heat of the flue gas below 500 ° C. By preheating the combustion air, the heat of the flue gas is brought back to the furnace, and the combustion condition is improved, thereby improving the boiler. s efficiency.
  • the prior art is denitrification by SCR (selective catalytic reduction) denitration method.
  • SCR selective catalytic reduction
  • a denitration device needs to be installed at the tail of the boiler.
  • the denitration device can be placed before the dust removal device or after the dust removal device.
  • the prior art denitration method has the following defects: 1.
  • the installation denitration device takes up a large space. For the existing boiler, there is a problem that the tail space is insufficient and the denitration device cannot be installed; 2.
  • the denitration device is disposed before the dedusting device, The dust contains a large amount of dust, and the fly ash has serious pollution and wear on the catalyst, and sometimes there is a problem of clogging. 3. If the denitration device is arranged after the dust removal device, the efficiency of the catalyst decreases due to the decrease of the temperature of the flue gas after the dust removal, so that the denitration is performed. Reduced efficiency. Summary of the invention
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a powdery solid fuel boiler which can be efficiently and conveniently denitrated.
  • the powdery solid fuel boiler includes: a furnace; a regenerative rotary reversing heater, the regenerative rotary reversing heater comprising: a heat exchanger body; a driving device, the driving device is configured to drive the heat exchanger body to rotate about a central axis thereof; a partitioning member, the partitioning member is disposed in the heat exchanger body along a direction of the central axis, and The heat exchanger body is partitioned into at least one pair of receiving portions, the pair of receiving portions being disposed diametrically opposite to the central axis; the heat carrier, the heat carrier being respectively received in the receiving portion, the heat carrier Formed by a non-metallic solid material, and the heat carrier is provided with a denitration catalyst layer; a flue gas passage, an inlet end of the flue gas passage is in communication with a top of the furnace, and an outlet end and the regenerative rotation
  • the commutating heater is in communication to pass the
  • the powdered solid fuel boiler of the embodiment of the present invention in the rotation of the heat carrier made of the non-metallic solid material, the high temperature flue gas heats the heating carrier, so that the temperature of the heat carrier rises faster and the heat carrier is set.
  • the denitration catalyst layer denitrates the high temperature flue gas so that the powdery solid fuel boiler can reduce nitrogen oxides emissions.
  • the powdery solid fuel boiler system according to the present invention may further have the additional technical feature that the pulverized coal is formed of at least one of anthracite coal and lean coal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a screen superheater, a wall superheater, and a superheater are disposed in sequence from the inlet end of the flue gas passage toward the outlet end of the flue gas passage.
  • an economizer is disposed in the flue gas passage near the outlet end of the flue gas passage. Therefore, by setting the economizer, the heat of the flue gas can be effectively absorbed, the exhaust gas temperature can be lowered, and the smoke loss can be reduced, thereby saving fuel.
  • the velocity of the flue gas entering the regenerative rotary reversing heater from the flue gas passage is adjustable. Thereby, the temperature of the air to be preheated is effectively increased.
  • the heat carrier is SiC or ceramic and has a small spherical, sheet or porous structure.
  • the regenerative rotary reversing heater is resistant to high temperatures, corrosion and wear.
  • the temperature of the flue gas after heat exchange by the regenerative rotary commutation heater is 50-80 °C.
  • the air is oxygen-enriched air, and the air is heated to 300-650 ° C after heat exchange by the regenerative rotary commutation heater. As a result, the air lift temperature is higher.
  • the regenerative rotary reversing heater further includes: a condensed liquid removing device disposed under the heat exchanger body to remove heat exchange Condensed liquid produced during the process.
  • the heat carrier comprises: a heat carrier upper layer, the heat carrier upper layer is provided with a denitration catalyst layer; and a heat carrier lower layer, and the heat carrier lower layer is fixed with the upper layer of the heat carrier. Since the temperature of the upper layer heat carrier is high, the denitration efficiency can be further improved.
  • a catalyst for catalyzing NOx is added to the heat carrier.
  • the powdered solid fuel has a diameter of 50-500 um.
  • Figure 2 is a top plan view of a regenerative rotary reversing heater in a pulverized solid fuel boiler in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” and “second” may include one or more of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
  • “multiple” means two or more unless otherwise stated.
  • Connected and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or passed through The intermediate medium is indirectly connected and can be internal to the two components.
  • the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.
  • a pulverized solid fuel boiler system 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG.
  • a powdery solid fuel boiler 1 comprises: a regenerative rotary reversing heater 2, a flue gas passage 3, and an air passage 4.
  • pulverized coal used as the pulverized solid fuel
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and any powdery solid fuel that can be burned as a fuel in a boiler can be used. It is contemplated that other particulate solid fuels, such as biomass, may be combusted. Alternatively, the fuel may have a diameter between 50 and 500 um.
  • the examples of pulverized coal herein are for illustrative and illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
  • the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 is used for exchanging heat between the high temperature flue gas and the air to be preheated, thereby raising the temperature of the air to be preheated to a certain value.
  • the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 comprises: a heat exchanger body 21, a driving device, a partition 22 and a heat carrier 23, as shown in Figs.
  • the drive means is used to drive the heat exchanger body 21 to rotate about its central axis 24.
  • the partition member 22 is disposed in the heat exchanger body 21 in the direction of the center axis 24, and partitions the heat exchanger body 21 into at least one pair of accommodating portions 25, each pair of accommodating portions 25 being disposed diametrically opposite to the center axis.
  • the heat carriers 23 are respectively accommodated in the accommodating portion 25, and the heat carrier 23 is formed of a non-metallic solid material.
  • a catalyst for catalyzing NOx may be added to the heat carrier 23, thereby enabling the boiler process to reduce NOx while eliminating the catalyst for catalyzing NOx in the heat carrier.
  • the existing flue gas outlet must be provided with a separate NOx removal device, which also increases the efficiency of the entire system while reducing costs.
  • the heat exchanger body 21 may be formed as a hollow cylinder, and the partition member 22 may have a substantially plate shape, and the partition extends in the direction of the center line axis of the heat exchanger body 21, thereby being exchanged
  • the heat exchanger body 21 is partitioned into a pair of accommodating portions, the heat carriers are respectively disposed in the two accommodating portions, the heat carrier may be made of a non-metallic solid material, and the heat carrier is provided with a denitration catalyst layer, the flue gas and the air to be preheated, respectively Passing into the two accommodating portions, and then driving the heat exchanger body 21 to rotate, the flue gas and the heat carrier in the accommodating portion therewith by the driving device
  • the heat exchange causes the temperature of the heat carrier to rise, and the flue gas is subjected to denitration treatment so that the powdery solid fuel boiler can reduce the NOx emission; the heat to be preheated and the heat carrier in the accommodating portion thereof are exchanged, thereby The preheated air temperature rises.
  • the partition 22 may also divide the heat exchanger body 21 into two pairs, three pairs or even pairs of receiving portions.
  • the outlet temperature of the flue gas after passing through the gas heat exchanger cannot be lowered below 130 ° C, because this causes the sulfuric acid to precipitate, resulting in the metal in the gas heat exchanger. Severe corrosion of the manufactured parts.
  • the heat carrier is formed of a non-metallic solid material such as SiC or ceramic, there is no need to worry about sulfur.
  • the outlet temperature of the high-temperature flue gas can be lowered to a temperature below the dew point of sulfur to maximize heat exchange.
  • the high temperature The outlet temperature of the flue gas leaving the gas heat exchanger is less than 130 ° C. Further, the outlet temperature of the high temperature flue gas leaving the gas heat exchanger is less than 70 ° C. This temperature is almost impossible to achieve in a conventional gas heat exchange system.
  • the water vapor condenses out as liquid water, releasing a large amount of latent heat (the amount of heat absorbed by the water vapor from 100 ° C to 100 ° C is equivalent to the water from 0 ° C is increased to 3 times the heat absorbed at 100 ° C).
  • the heat carrier is formed of a non-metallic solid material, after the sulfur deposition is performed to some extent, the heat carrier accommodated in the accommodating portion can be continuously used, thereby reducing the components existing in the conventional gas heat exchange system.
  • the efficiency of the entire boiler can be increased by 0.5% for every 10 °C reduction in the outlet temperature, and the latent heat released is equivalent to an increase of 1.5% of the overall efficiency of the boiler.
  • the cold air is heated to the hot air to facilitate combustion, and the exhaust gas temperature is lowered to 50-80 ° C, which is effectively utilized.
  • the waste heat of the fuel increases the efficiency of the boiler by more than 3 percentage points. Further, the range of available coal of the powdery solid fuel boiler of the present invention is expanded, that is, the grade of coal used can be lowered, and the production cost can be further reduced.
  • the powdery solid fuel boiler 1 is limited to a furnace 1 1 .
  • the inlet end of the flue gas passage 3 communicates with the top of the furnace 1 1 , and the outlet end communicates with the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 to pass the flue gas generated in the furnace 11 into at least a pair of heat storage. Rotating one of the accommodating portions of the reversing heater 2 and exchanging heat with the heat carrier accommodated in the accommodating portion.
  • the air passage 4 is for introducing at least air into the other of the pair of receiving portions such that the heat carrier accommodated in the receiving portion exchanges heat with the air, and the heat-exchanged air is supplied to the inside of the furnace 11 . After the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2, the flue gas flow after heat exchange is discharged.
  • the heat exchanger body 21 is rotated counterclockwise, and the flue gas is introduced into the heat exchanger body 21 along the right side of the central axis, and the preheated air is introduced into the heat exchanger along the left side of the central axis.
  • the main body 21 will be described as an example.
  • the powdery solid fuel boiler 1 defines a furnace 1 1 for accommodating pulverized coal, one end of the flue gas passage 3 communicates with the furnace 1:1, and the other end thereof is connected with the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2
  • the flue gas generated in the furnace 1 1 is introduced into the first accommodating portion 21 1 of the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 (for example, the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 shown in FIG. 1) Right side), in the second accommodating portion 212 of the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 (for example, the left side of the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 shown in FIG.
  • the flue gas exchanges heat with the heat carrier in the first accommodating portion 21 1 to raise the temperature of the heat carrier, and after the heat carrier absorbs heat, the heat exchanger body 21 rotates counterclockwise, the first accommodating portion 21 1 is rotated to the left side of the central axis, the second accommodating portion 212 is rotated to the right side of the central axis, and the heat carrier rotated into the first accommodating portion 21 1 on the left side exchanges heat with the air to be heated to bring heated air The temperature rises while the flue gas heats the heat carrier rotating into the second accommodating portion 212 on the right side.
  • the heat exchanger body 21 continues to rotate counterclockwise, at which time the first receiving portion 21 1 is rotated back to the right side of the center axis, and the second receiving portion 212 is rotated back to the left side of the center axis, rotating back to the second side of the left side.
  • the heat carrier in the accommodating portion 212 exchanges heat with the air to be heated, and the flue gas heats the heat carrier in the first accommodating portion 21 1 rotated back to the right side, and the cycle is repeated to complete the heating of the preheated air.
  • the preheated air is heated to a certain temperature and can be obtained from a powdery solid fuel boiler.
  • the bottom of 1 is supplied into the furnace 1 1 to perform high-temperature oxidation combustion with the pulverized coal in the furnace 1 1 .
  • the pulverized coal is formed of at least one of anthracite and lean coal.
  • the flue gas after heat exchange with the preheated air is discharged through the exhaust passage 101.
  • the temperature of the high temperature flue gas can be greatly reduced by providing the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2, so that the temperature of the heat carrier is increased more than the prior art, and the denitration can be improved.
  • the efficiency of denitrification of the catalyst allows the flue gas to be denitrified so that the powdered solid fuel boiler can reduce nitrogen oxide emissions.
  • a screen superheater 6, a wall superheater 7, and a superheater are disposed in order from the inlet end of the flue gas passage 3 toward the outlet end of the flue gas passage 3.
  • the screen superheater 6 and the wall superheater 7 are disposed adjacent to the inlet end of the flue gas passage 3, and are spaced apart from each other in the left-right direction, and the superheater is disposed adjacent to the outlet end of the flue gas passage 3. .
  • an economizer 9 is disposed in the flue gas passage 3 near the outlet end of the flue gas passage 3.
  • the economizer 9 is disposed below the superheater and spaced apart from the superheater by a certain distance in the up and down direction. Therefore, by setting the economizer 9, the heat of the flue gas can be effectively absorbed, the exhaust gas temperature can be lowered, and the smoke loss can be reduced, thereby saving fuel.
  • the velocity of the flue gas entering the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 from the flue gas passage 3 is adjustable. Thereby, the temperature of the air to be preheated is effectively increased.
  • the heat carrier is SiC or ceramic and has a small spherical, sheet-like or porous structure.
  • the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 is resistant to high temperatures, corrosion, and wear.
  • the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 further includes: a condensed liquid removing device 10 disposed below the heat exchanger body 21 to remove the heat exchange process A condensed liquid produced in the middle, such as condensed water containing acid.
  • the temperature of the flue gas after heat exchange by the regenerative rotary commutation heater 2 is 50-80 °C.
  • the water vapor in the flue gas is precipitated and reacts with sulfur trioxide to form acid-containing condensed water, and the condensed liquid removing device can remove 30% of the sulfur in the flue gas, thereby pre-desulfurizing effect, greatly Reduce the cost of subsequent flue gas desulfurization.
  • some of the latent heat of vaporization in the flue gas can be recovered, thereby increasing the thermal efficiency of the boiler.
  • the air is oxygen-enriched air, and the air is heated by the regenerative rotary commutator heater 2 300-650 ° C. As a result, the air lift temperature is higher.
  • the heat carrier may be provided as a heat carrier upper layer and a heat carrier lower layer, and the heat carrier upper layer is provided with a denitration catalyst layer, and the heat carrier upper layer and the heat carrier lower layer are fixed by welding, screwing, riveting or the like.
  • the determination of the height specific value of the upper layer of the heat carrier is determined according to the boiler model.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

A powdered solid fuel boiler equipped with a regenerative rotating commutating heater comprises a hearth, a regenerative rotating commutating heater, a fume passage, and an air passage. An inlet end of the fume passage is communicated with a top portion of the hearth, and an outlet end of the fume passage is communicated with the regenerative rotating commutating heater. The regenerative rotating commutating heater comprises heat carriers which are respectively accommodated in accommodating portions. The heat carriers are made of non-metallic solid materials, and are provided with denitration catalyst layers. The air passage is used for delivering air at least into the other one of the paired accommodating portions.

Description

搭载蓄热式旋转换向加热器的粉状固体燃料锅炉 技术领域  Powdered solid fuel boiler equipped with regenerative rotary reversing heater
本发明涉及热交换技术领域， 尤其涉及一种搭载蓄热式旋转换向加热器的粉状固体 燃料锅炉。 背景技术  The present invention relates to the field of heat exchange technology, and more particularly to a powdered solid fuel boiler equipped with a regenerative rotary reversing heater. Background technique
回转式空气预热器是现在各大电厂锅炉上普遍采用的烟气尾端换热装置。 其性能直 接影响锅炉热效率。 传统的回转式空气预热器一般以金属作为传热介质， 只能够回收 500°C以下烟气的热量， 通过预热助燃空气， 将烟气热量带回炉膛， 并且改善燃烧状况， 从而提高锅炉的效率。  Rotary air preheater is a flue gas end heat exchange device commonly used in boilers of major power plants. Its performance directly affects boiler thermal efficiency. The traditional rotary air preheater generally uses metal as the heat transfer medium, and can only recover the heat of the flue gas below 500 ° C. By preheating the combustion air, the heat of the flue gas is brought back to the furnace, and the combustion condition is improved, thereby improving the boiler. s efficiency.
并且需要将尾气进行脱硝处理， 现有技术是通过 SCR (选择性催化还原法） 脱硝法进 行脱硝处理， 采用现有技术 SCR脱硝法， 需要在锅炉的尾部加装脱硝装置。 脱硝装置可布 置在除尘装置之前， 也可以布置在除尘装置之后。 现有技术的脱硝方法存在以下缺陷： 1、 加装脱硝装置占用空间较大， 对于现有锅炉， 存在尾部空间不足， 不能加装脱硝装置的问 题； 2、 如果脱硝装置布置于除尘装置之前， 烟气含尘量大， 飞灰对催化剂的污染、 磨损严 重， 有时会出现堵塞的问题； 3、 如果脱硝装置布置于除尘装置之后， 由于除尘后烟气温度 降低， 催化剂的效能下降， 使得脱硝效率降低。 发明内容  In addition, the exhaust gas needs to be denitrified. The prior art is denitrification by SCR (selective catalytic reduction) denitration method. With the prior art SCR denitration method, a denitration device needs to be installed at the tail of the boiler. The denitration device can be placed before the dust removal device or after the dust removal device. The prior art denitration method has the following defects: 1. The installation denitration device takes up a large space. For the existing boiler, there is a problem that the tail space is insufficient and the denitration device cannot be installed; 2. If the denitration device is disposed before the dedusting device, The dust contains a large amount of dust, and the fly ash has serious pollution and wear on the catalyst, and sometimes there is a problem of clogging. 3. If the denitration device is arranged after the dust removal device, the efficiency of the catalyst decreases due to the decrease of the temperature of the flue gas after the dust removal, so that the denitration is performed. Reduced efficiency. Summary of the invention
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。 为此， 本发明的一个目的在 于提出一种可以高效方便脱硝的粉状固体燃料锅炉。  The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, an object of the present invention is to provide a powdery solid fuel boiler which can be efficiently and conveniently denitrated.
根据本发明实施例的粉状固体燃料锅炉， 所述粉状固体燃料锅炉包括有： 炉膛； 蓄 热式旋转换向加热器， 所述蓄热式旋转换向加热器包括： 换热器主体； 驱动装置， 所述 驱动装置用于驱动所述换热器主体绕其中心轴线旋转； 分隔件， 所述分隔件沿着所述中 心轴线的方向设置在所述换热器主体内， 且将所述换热器主体分隔成至少一对容纳部 分， 所述每对容纳部分相对所述中心轴线成径向相对设置； 热载体， 所述热载体分别容 纳在所述容纳部分中， 所述热载体由非金属固体材料所形成,并且所述热载体设置有脱 硝催化剂层； 烟气通路， 所述烟气通路的入口端与所述炉膛的顶部相连通， 且出口端与 所述蓄热式旋转换向加热器相连通，以将炉膛内产生的烟气通入至少所述成对的所述容 纳部分中的一个内并与其中容纳的所述热载体换热； 空气通路， 所述空气通路用于将空 气至少通入所述成对的所述容纳部分中的另一个内，以使得其中容纳的所述热载体与所 述空气进行换热。  According to the powdered solid fuel boiler of the embodiment of the present invention, the powdery solid fuel boiler includes: a furnace; a regenerative rotary reversing heater, the regenerative rotary reversing heater comprising: a heat exchanger body; a driving device, the driving device is configured to drive the heat exchanger body to rotate about a central axis thereof; a partitioning member, the partitioning member is disposed in the heat exchanger body along a direction of the central axis, and The heat exchanger body is partitioned into at least one pair of receiving portions, the pair of receiving portions being disposed diametrically opposite to the central axis; the heat carrier, the heat carrier being respectively received in the receiving portion, the heat carrier Formed by a non-metallic solid material, and the heat carrier is provided with a denitration catalyst layer; a flue gas passage, an inlet end of the flue gas passage is in communication with a top of the furnace, and an outlet end and the regenerative rotation The commutating heater is in communication to pass the flue gas generated in the furnace into at least one of the pair of the receiving portions and exchange heat with the heat carrier accommodated therein; The other of said receiving portion via said air passage for air into said at least a pair of such carrier wherein the heat exchanger is received with said air.
根据本发明实施例的粉状固体燃料锅炉， 在所述非金属固体材料制成的热载体旋转过 程中， 高温烟气对加热载体进行了加热， 使热载体温度升高较快并且热载体设置脱硝催 化剂层将高温烟气进行脱硝处理使得粉状固体燃料锅炉能降低氮氧化合物排放。 另外， 根据本发明的粉状固体燃料锅炉***还可具有如下附加技术特征- 根据本发明的一个实施例， 所述煤粉由无烟煤、 贫煤中的至少一种所形成。 According to the powdered solid fuel boiler of the embodiment of the present invention, in the rotation of the heat carrier made of the non-metallic solid material, the high temperature flue gas heats the heating carrier, so that the temperature of the heat carrier rises faster and the heat carrier is set. The denitration catalyst layer denitrates the high temperature flue gas so that the powdery solid fuel boiler can reduce nitrogen oxides emissions. Further, the powdery solid fuel boiler system according to the present invention may further have the additional technical feature that the pulverized coal is formed of at least one of anthracite coal and lean coal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
可选地， 从所述烟气通路的所述入口端朝向所述烟气通路的所述出口端依次设置有 屏式过热器、 包墙过热器和过热器。 由此， 通过设置过热器， 可有效提高整个蒸汽动力 装置的循环热效率。  Optionally, a screen superheater, a wall superheater, and a superheater are disposed in sequence from the inlet end of the flue gas passage toward the outlet end of the flue gas passage. Thus, by providing a superheater, the cycle thermal efficiency of the entire steam power unit can be effectively improved.
进一步地， 在靠近所述烟气通路的所述出口端的所述烟气通路内设置有省煤器。 由 此， 通过设置省煤器， 可有效吸收烟气的热量， 降低排烟温度， 减少排烟损失， 从而节 省燃料。  Further, an economizer is disposed in the flue gas passage near the outlet end of the flue gas passage. Therefore, by setting the economizer, the heat of the flue gas can be effectively absorbed, the exhaust gas temperature can be lowered, and the smoke loss can be reduced, thereby saving fuel.
根据本发明的一个实施例， 从所述烟气通路进入所述蓄热式旋转换向加热器内的烟 气速度可调节。 由此， 有效地提高了待预热空气的温度。  According to an embodiment of the invention, the velocity of the flue gas entering the regenerative rotary reversing heater from the flue gas passage is adjustable. Thereby, the temperature of the air to be preheated is effectively increased.
可选地， 所述热载体为 SiC或者陶瓷， 且具有小球状、 片状或者多孔状的结构。 由 此， 蓄热式旋转换向加热器可耐高温、 耐腐蚀且耐磨损。  Optionally, the heat carrier is SiC or ceramic and has a small spherical, sheet or porous structure. As a result, the regenerative rotary reversing heater is resistant to high temperatures, corrosion and wear.
可选地， 经过所述蓄热式旋转换向加热器换热后的烟气的温度为 50-80°C。  Optionally, the temperature of the flue gas after heat exchange by the regenerative rotary commutation heater is 50-80 °C.
根据本发明的一个实施例， 所述空气为富氧空气， 且所述空气经过所述蓄热式旋转 换向加热器换热后被加热至 300-650°C。 由此， 空气提升温度较高。  According to an embodiment of the invention, the air is oxygen-enriched air, and the air is heated to 300-650 ° C after heat exchange by the regenerative rotary commutation heater. As a result, the air lift temperature is higher.
根据本发明的一个实施例， 所述蓄热式旋转换向加热器进一步包括： 冷凝液体移除 装置， 所述冷凝液体移除装置设置在所述换热器主体的下方， 以移除换热过程中产生的 冷凝液体。  According to an embodiment of the present invention, the regenerative rotary reversing heater further includes: a condensed liquid removing device disposed under the heat exchanger body to remove heat exchange Condensed liquid produced during the process.
更进一步地， 所述热载体包括： 热载体上层， 所述热载体上层设置有脱硝催化剂层； 以及热载体下层， 所述热载体下层与所述述热载体上层进行固定。 由于上层热载体温度较 高因此可以进一步的提高脱硝效率。  Further, the heat carrier comprises: a heat carrier upper layer, the heat carrier upper layer is provided with a denitration catalyst layer; and a heat carrier lower layer, and the heat carrier lower layer is fixed with the upper layer of the heat carrier. Since the temperature of the upper layer heat carrier is high, the denitration efficiency can be further improved.
可选地， 所述热载体中添加有用于催化 NOx的催化剂。  Optionally, a catalyst for catalyzing NOx is added to the heat carrier.
可选地， 所述粉状固体燃料的直径为 50-500um。  Optionally, the powdered solid fuel has a diameter of 50-500 um.
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出， 部分将从下面的描述中变得 明显， 或通过本发明的实践了解到。 附图说明  The additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows. DRAWINGS
本发明的上述和 /或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明 显和容易理解， 其中- 图 1是根据本发明一个实施例的粉状固体燃料锅炉的示意图；  The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the accompanying drawings in which <RTIgt; ;
图 2是根据本发明的一个实施例的粉状固体燃料锅炉中蓄热式旋转换向加热器的俯 视图。 具体实施方式  Figure 2 is a top plan view of a regenerative rotary reversing heater in a pulverized solid fuel boiler in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
下面详细描述本发明的实施例， 所述实施例的示例在附图中示出， 其中自始至终相 同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附 图描述的实施例是示例性的， 仅用于解释本发明， 而不能理解为对本发明的限制。 在本发明的描述中， 需要理解的是， 术语"中心"、 "上"、 "下"、 "前"、 "后"、 "左" 、 "右" 、 "竖直" 、 "水平" 、 "顶" 、 "底" 、 "内" 、 "外"等指示的方 位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系， 仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描 述， 而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、 以特定的方位构造和操 作， 因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。 此外， 术语 "第一"、 "第二 "仅用于描述目的， 而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。 由此， 限 定有 "第一" 、 "第二" 的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。 在本 发明的描述中， 除非另有说明， "多个" 的含义是两个或两个以上。 The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and the examples of the embodiments are illustrated in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals are used to refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The following is attached by reference The embodiments described in the figures are illustrative and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", The orientation or positional relationship of the "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying The device or component referred to must have a particular orientation, configuration and operation in a particular orientation, and thus is not to be construed as limiting the invention. Moreover, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining "first" and "second" may include one or more of the features, either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more unless otherwise stated.
在本发明的描述中， 需要说明的是， 除非另有明确的规定和限定， 术语 "安装" 、 In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the term "installation",
"相连" 、 "连接 "应做广义理解， 例如， 可以是固定连接， 也可以是可拆卸连接， 或 一体地连接； 可以是机械连接， 也可以是电连接； 可以是直接相连， 也可以通过中间媒 介间接相连， 可以是两个元件内部的连通。 对于本领域的普通技术人员而言， 可以具体 情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。 "Connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or passed through The intermediate medium is indirectly connected and can be internal to the two components. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.
下面参考图 1描述根据本发明实施例的粉状固体燃料锅炉*** 100。  A pulverized solid fuel boiler system 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG.
如图 1所示， 根据本发明实施例的粉状固体燃料锅炉 1包括： 蓄热式旋转换向加热 器 2、 烟气通路 3、 空气通路 4。 在下述中将以煤粉作为粉状固体燃料的示例来进行说 明， 但是需要说明的是， 本发明不限于此， 只要能在锅炉内作为燃料燃烧的任何粉状固 体燃料都可以采用本发明的构思， 例如燃烧生物质等其他粉状固体燃料， 可选地， 燃料 的直径可以在 50-500um之间。 由此， 此处煤粉的示例只是出于示例和说明的目的， 而 不能用来限制本发明的保护范围。  As shown in Fig. 1, a powdery solid fuel boiler 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a regenerative rotary reversing heater 2, a flue gas passage 3, and an air passage 4. In the following, an example in which pulverized coal is used as the pulverized solid fuel will be described, but it should be noted that the present invention is not limited thereto, and any powdery solid fuel that can be burned as a fuel in a boiler can be used. It is contemplated that other particulate solid fuels, such as biomass, may be combusted. Alternatively, the fuel may have a diameter between 50 and 500 um. Thus, the examples of pulverized coal herein are for illustrative and illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
蓄热式旋转换向加热器 2用于将高温烟气和待预热空气进行热交换， 从而使待预热 空气的温度升高到某一定值。 蓄热式旋转换向加热器 2包括： 换热器主体 21、 驱动装 置、 分隔件 22和热载体 23， 如图 1、 2中所示。 其中， 驱动装置用于驱动换热器主体 21绕其中心轴线 24旋转。分隔件 22沿着中心轴线 24的方向设置在换热器主体 21内， 且将换热器主体 21分隔成至少一对容纳部分 25， 每对容纳部分 25相对中心轴线成径 向相对设置。 热载体 23分别容纳在容纳部分 25中， 热载体 23由非金属固体材料所形 成。 根据本发明的一个实施例， 所述热载体 23中可以添加有用于催化 NOx的催化剂， 由此使得该锅炉工艺可以降低 NOx，同时由于在热载体内设置用于催化 NOx的催化剂， 从而消除了现有的烟气出口处必须单独设置去除 NOx的装置， 从而也提高了整个*** 的效率同时降低了成本。  The regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 is used for exchanging heat between the high temperature flue gas and the air to be preheated, thereby raising the temperature of the air to be preheated to a certain value. The regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 comprises: a heat exchanger body 21, a driving device, a partition 22 and a heat carrier 23, as shown in Figs. Therein, the drive means is used to drive the heat exchanger body 21 to rotate about its central axis 24. The partition member 22 is disposed in the heat exchanger body 21 in the direction of the center axis 24, and partitions the heat exchanger body 21 into at least one pair of accommodating portions 25, each pair of accommodating portions 25 being disposed diametrically opposite to the center axis. The heat carriers 23 are respectively accommodated in the accommodating portion 25, and the heat carrier 23 is formed of a non-metallic solid material. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a catalyst for catalyzing NOx may be added to the heat carrier 23, thereby enabling the boiler process to reduce NOx while eliminating the catalyst for catalyzing NOx in the heat carrier. The existing flue gas outlet must be provided with a separate NOx removal device, which also increases the efficiency of the entire system while reducing costs.
在本发明的一个示例中， 换热器主体 21可形成为中空的圆柱体， 分隔件 22可大致 呈板形， 该分隔间沿着换热器主体 21 中心线轴线的方向延伸， 从而将换热器主体 21 分隔成一对容纳部分， 热载体分别设在两个容纳部分中， 热载体可由非金属固体材料制 成，并且所述热载体设置有脱硝催化剂层，烟气和待预热空气分别通入两个容纳部分中， 然后通过驱动装置驱动换热器主体 21旋转、 烟气和与其所在的容纳部分中的热载体进 行热交换使热载体温度升高， 使烟气进行脱硝处理使得粉状固体燃料锅炉能降低氮氧化 合物排放； 待预热空气和与其所在的容纳部分中的热载体进行热交换， 从而使得待预热 空气温度升高。 In one example of the present invention, the heat exchanger body 21 may be formed as a hollow cylinder, and the partition member 22 may have a substantially plate shape, and the partition extends in the direction of the center line axis of the heat exchanger body 21, thereby being exchanged The heat exchanger body 21 is partitioned into a pair of accommodating portions, the heat carriers are respectively disposed in the two accommodating portions, the heat carrier may be made of a non-metallic solid material, and the heat carrier is provided with a denitration catalyst layer, the flue gas and the air to be preheated, respectively Passing into the two accommodating portions, and then driving the heat exchanger body 21 to rotate, the flue gas and the heat carrier in the accommodating portion therewith by the driving device The heat exchange causes the temperature of the heat carrier to rise, and the flue gas is subjected to denitration treatment so that the powdery solid fuel boiler can reduce the NOx emission; the heat to be preheated and the heat carrier in the accommodating portion thereof are exchanged, thereby The preheated air temperature rises.
当然， 本发明不限于此， 在本发明的另一些示例中， 分隔件 22还可将换热器主体 21分隔成两对、 三对甚至多对容纳部分。  Of course, the invention is not limited thereto, and in other examples of the invention, the partition 22 may also divide the heat exchanger body 21 into two pairs, three pairs or even pairs of receiving portions.
在现有的气体换热***中， 烟气在通过该气体换热器之后的出口温度是不能降低到 130°C以下， 因为这会导致硫酸析出， 从而导致对该气体换热器内由金属制造的部件的 严重腐蚀。但是， 在本发明的上述蓄热式旋转换向加热器 2中 （针对例如含硫的高温烟 气），由于热载体由例如 SiC、陶瓷等的非金属固体材料所形成，从而不用顾虑硫在 130 °C 存在露点所导致的腐蚀性问题，而可以把高温烟气的出口温度降低到硫的露点之下的温 度， 从而最大程度地进行换热， 根据本发明的一个实施例， 所述高温烟气离开所述气体 换热器的出口温度小于 130°C， 进一步地， 所述高温烟气离开所述气体换热器的出口温 度小于 70°C。 该温度在传统的气体换热***中是几乎不可能实现的。 此外， 在将出口 温度降低到露点的温度之下，水蒸汽冷凝析出为液体水，释放了大量的潜热（水从 100 °C 变为 100°C的水蒸汽吸收的热量相当于水从 0 °C升高至 100°C时所吸收热量的 3倍） 。 由于热载体由非金属固体材料所形成， 所以在硫沉积一定程度之后， 对该容纳部分中所 容纳的热载体清洗即可以继续使用，从而降低了传统的气体换热***中所存在的零部件 替换所导致的成本增加的问题。 在例如燃煤锅炉的尾气换热过程中， 出口温度每降低 10°C， 整个锅炉的效率可以提高 0.5%， 而所释放的潜热相当于提高了整个锅炉效率的 1.5%。 根据发明人使用该领域内的公认计算方法计算， 通过搭载蓄热式旋转换向加热 器， 将冷风加热到热风利于燃烧的同时， 将排烟温度降到 50-80°C， 有效的利用了燃料 的余热， 并将锅炉的效率提高 3个百分点以上。 此外， 本发明的粉状固体燃料锅炉的可 用煤炭的范围得以扩大， 即可以降低所使用的煤的品位， 进一步地降低了生产成本。  In the existing gas heat exchange system, the outlet temperature of the flue gas after passing through the gas heat exchanger cannot be lowered below 130 ° C, because this causes the sulfuric acid to precipitate, resulting in the metal in the gas heat exchanger. Severe corrosion of the manufactured parts. However, in the above-described regenerative rotary commutation heater 2 of the present invention (for, for example, high-temperature flue gas containing sulfur), since the heat carrier is formed of a non-metallic solid material such as SiC or ceramic, there is no need to worry about sulfur. At 130 °C, there is a problem of corrosion caused by the dew point, and the outlet temperature of the high-temperature flue gas can be lowered to a temperature below the dew point of sulfur to maximize heat exchange. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the high temperature The outlet temperature of the flue gas leaving the gas heat exchanger is less than 130 ° C. Further, the outlet temperature of the high temperature flue gas leaving the gas heat exchanger is less than 70 ° C. This temperature is almost impossible to achieve in a conventional gas heat exchange system. In addition, under the temperature at which the outlet temperature is lowered to the dew point, the water vapor condenses out as liquid water, releasing a large amount of latent heat (the amount of heat absorbed by the water vapor from 100 ° C to 100 ° C is equivalent to the water from 0 ° C is increased to 3 times the heat absorbed at 100 ° C). Since the heat carrier is formed of a non-metallic solid material, after the sulfur deposition is performed to some extent, the heat carrier accommodated in the accommodating portion can be continuously used, thereby reducing the components existing in the conventional gas heat exchange system. The problem of increased costs caused by replacement. In the exhaust heat exchange process of, for example, a coal-fired boiler, the efficiency of the entire boiler can be increased by 0.5% for every 10 °C reduction in the outlet temperature, and the latent heat released is equivalent to an increase of 1.5% of the overall efficiency of the boiler. According to the inventors' calculation using the accepted calculation method in the field, by using a regenerative rotary reversing heater, the cold air is heated to the hot air to facilitate combustion, and the exhaust gas temperature is lowered to 50-80 ° C, which is effectively utilized. The waste heat of the fuel increases the efficiency of the boiler by more than 3 percentage points. Further, the range of available coal of the powdery solid fuel boiler of the present invention is expanded, that is, the grade of coal used can be lowered, and the production cost can be further reduced.
其中， 粉状固体燃料锅炉 1限定有炉膛 1 1。 烟气通路 3的入口端与炉膛 1 1的顶部 相连通， 且出口端与蓄热式旋转换向加热器 2相连通， 以将炉膛 1 1 内产生的烟气通入 至少成对的蓄热式旋转换向加热器 2的容纳部分中的一个内，并与容纳部分中容纳的热 载体换热。空气通路 4用于将空气至少通入成对的容纳部分中的另一个内， 以使得容纳 部分中容纳的热载体与空气进行换热， 经过换热后的空气被供给至炉膛 1 1的内部。 经 过蓄热式旋转换向加热器 2换热后的烟气流出。  Among them, the powdery solid fuel boiler 1 is limited to a furnace 1 1 . The inlet end of the flue gas passage 3 communicates with the top of the furnace 1 1 , and the outlet end communicates with the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 to pass the flue gas generated in the furnace 11 into at least a pair of heat storage. Rotating one of the accommodating portions of the reversing heater 2 and exchanging heat with the heat carrier accommodated in the accommodating portion. The air passage 4 is for introducing at least air into the other of the pair of receiving portions such that the heat carrier accommodated in the receiving portion exchanges heat with the air, and the heat-exchanged air is supplied to the inside of the furnace 11 . After the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2, the flue gas flow after heat exchange is discharged.
在下面的描述中， 以换热器主体 21 逆时针转动， 且烟气沿着中心轴线的右侧通入 换热器主体 21内， 待预热空气沿着中心轴线的左侧通入换热器主体 21为例进行说明。  In the following description, the heat exchanger body 21 is rotated counterclockwise, and the flue gas is introduced into the heat exchanger body 21 along the right side of the central axis, and the preheated air is introduced into the heat exchanger along the left side of the central axis. The main body 21 will be described as an example.
如图 1所示， 粉状固体燃料锅炉 1 内限定出炉膛 1 1 以用于容纳煤粉， 烟气通道 3 的一端与炉膛 1 1相通， 其另一端与蓄热式旋转换向加热器 2相通， 以将炉膛 1 1 内产生 的烟气通入蓄热式旋转换向加热器 2的第一容纳部分 21 1中（例如为图 1中所示的蓄热 式旋转换向加热器 2的右侧）， 蓄热式旋转换向加热器 2的第二容纳部分 212中 （例如 为图 1中所示的蓄热式旋转换向加热器 2的左侧）用于通入待预热空气， 在换热器主体 21 处于未旋转状态时， 烟气和第一容纳部分 21 1 中的热载体换热以使热载体的温度升 高， 热载体吸收热量后， 换热器主体 21逆时针旋转， 第一容纳部分 21 1旋转到中心轴 线的左侧， 第二容纳部分 212旋转到中心轴线的右侧， 旋转到左侧的第一容纳部分 21 1 内的热载体与待加热空气进行换热以使带加热空气温度升， 同时， 烟气对旋转到右侧的 第二容纳部分 212内的热载体进行加热。 As shown in FIG. 1, the powdery solid fuel boiler 1 defines a furnace 1 1 for accommodating pulverized coal, one end of the flue gas passage 3 communicates with the furnace 1:1, and the other end thereof is connected with the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 In the same manner, the flue gas generated in the furnace 1 1 is introduced into the first accommodating portion 21 1 of the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 (for example, the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 shown in FIG. 1) Right side), in the second accommodating portion 212 of the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 (for example, the left side of the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 shown in FIG. 1) for introducing air to be preheated In the heat exchanger body 21 in the unrotated state, the flue gas exchanges heat with the heat carrier in the first accommodating portion 21 1 to raise the temperature of the heat carrier, and after the heat carrier absorbs heat, the heat exchanger body 21 rotates counterclockwise, the first accommodating portion 21 1 is rotated to the left side of the central axis, the second accommodating portion 212 is rotated to the right side of the central axis, and the heat carrier rotated into the first accommodating portion 21 1 on the left side exchanges heat with the air to be heated to bring heated air The temperature rises while the flue gas heats the heat carrier rotating into the second accommodating portion 212 on the right side.
换热器主体 21继续逆时针转动， 此时第一容纳部分 21 1被旋转回到中心轴线的右 侧， 第二容纳部分 212 被旋转回到中心轴线的左侧， 旋转回左侧的第二容纳部分 212 内的热载体与待加热空气进行热交换，烟气对旋转回右侧的第一容纳部分 21 1内的热载 体进行加热， 如此循环重复， 以完成对待预热空气的加热。  The heat exchanger body 21 continues to rotate counterclockwise, at which time the first receiving portion 21 1 is rotated back to the right side of the center axis, and the second receiving portion 212 is rotated back to the left side of the center axis, rotating back to the second side of the left side. The heat carrier in the accommodating portion 212 exchanges heat with the air to be heated, and the flue gas heats the heat carrier in the first accommodating portion 21 1 rotated back to the right side, and the cycle is repeated to complete the heating of the preheated air.
在本发明的其中一个示例中， 待预热空气加热到一定温度后可从粉状固体燃料锅炉 In one of the examples of the present invention, the preheated air is heated to a certain temperature and can be obtained from a powdery solid fuel boiler.
1的底部供入炉膛 1 1 内， 从而与煤粉在炉膛 1 1内进行高温氧化燃烧。 The bottom of 1 is supplied into the furnace 1 1 to perform high-temperature oxidation combustion with the pulverized coal in the furnace 1 1 .
可选地， 煤粉由无烟煤、 贫煤中的至少一种所形成。  Alternatively, the pulverized coal is formed of at least one of anthracite and lean coal.
与待预热空气进行换热后的烟气通过排气通路 101排出。  The flue gas after heat exchange with the preheated air is discharged through the exhaust passage 101.
根据本发明实施例的粉状固体燃料锅炉 1， 通过设置蓄热式旋转换向加热器 2可将 高温烟气的温度大大降低， 使热载体温度较现有技术升高较大， 可以提高脱硝催化剂脱 硝的效率，因此可以将烟气进行脱硝处理使得粉状固体燃料锅炉能降低氮氧化合物排放。  According to the powdered solid fuel boiler 1 of the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the high temperature flue gas can be greatly reduced by providing the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2, so that the temperature of the heat carrier is increased more than the prior art, and the denitration can be improved. The efficiency of denitrification of the catalyst allows the flue gas to be denitrified so that the powdered solid fuel boiler can reduce nitrogen oxide emissions.
可选地，从烟气通路 3的入口端朝向烟气通路 3的出口端依次设置有屏式过热器 6、 包墙过热器 7和过热器。例如在图 1的示例中， 屏式过热器 6和包墙过热器 7邻近烟气 通路 3的入口端设置， 且在左右方向上相互间隔开设置， 过热器邻近烟气通路 3的出口 端设置。 由此， 通过设置过热器， 可有效提高整个蒸汽动力装置的循环热效率。  Optionally, a screen superheater 6, a wall superheater 7, and a superheater are disposed in order from the inlet end of the flue gas passage 3 toward the outlet end of the flue gas passage 3. For example, in the example of FIG. 1, the screen superheater 6 and the wall superheater 7 are disposed adjacent to the inlet end of the flue gas passage 3, and are spaced apart from each other in the left-right direction, and the superheater is disposed adjacent to the outlet end of the flue gas passage 3. . Thus, by providing a superheater, the cycle thermal efficiency of the entire steam power unit can be effectively improved.
进一步地， 在靠近烟气通路 3的出口端的烟气通路 3内设置有省煤器 9。 例如在图 1的示例中， 省煤器 9设在过热器的下方， 且与过热器在上下方向上间隔开一定距离。 由此， 通过设置省煤器 9， 可有效吸收烟气的热量， 降低排烟温度， 减少排烟损失， 从 而节省燃料。  Further, an economizer 9 is disposed in the flue gas passage 3 near the outlet end of the flue gas passage 3. For example, in the example of Fig. 1, the economizer 9 is disposed below the superheater and spaced apart from the superheater by a certain distance in the up and down direction. Therefore, by setting the economizer 9, the heat of the flue gas can be effectively absorbed, the exhaust gas temperature can be lowered, and the smoke loss can be reduced, thereby saving fuel.
在本发明的一个实施例中， 从烟气通路 3进入蓄热式旋转换向加热器 2内的烟气速 度可调节。 由此， 有效地提高了待预热空气的温度。  In one embodiment of the invention, the velocity of the flue gas entering the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 from the flue gas passage 3 is adjustable. Thereby, the temperature of the air to be preheated is effectively increased.
可选地， 热载体为 SiC或者陶瓷， 且具有小球状、 片状或者多孔状的结构。 由此， 蓄热式旋转换向加热器 2可耐高温、 耐腐蚀且耐磨损。  Alternatively, the heat carrier is SiC or ceramic and has a small spherical, sheet-like or porous structure. Thus, the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 is resistant to high temperatures, corrosion, and wear.
在本发明的一个实施例中， 蓄热式旋转换向加热器 2进一步包括： 冷凝液体移除装 置 10， 冷凝液体移除装置 10设置在换热器主体 21 的下方， 以移除换热过程中产生的 冷凝液体， 例如含酸的冷凝水。  In one embodiment of the present invention, the regenerative rotary reversing heater 2 further includes: a condensed liquid removing device 10 disposed below the heat exchanger body 21 to remove the heat exchange process A condensed liquid produced in the middle, such as condensed water containing acid.
可选地， 经过蓄热式旋转换向加热器 2换热后的烟气的温度为 50-80°C。 此时， 烟 气中的水蒸汽析出， 与三氧化硫反应， 形成含酸冷凝水， 经过冷凝液体移除装置能脱除 烟气中 30%的硫， 从而起到预脱硫的效果， 极大地降低烟气后续脱硫的成本。 此外， 可 回收烟气中部分气化潜热， 从而提高了锅炉的热效率。  Alternatively, the temperature of the flue gas after heat exchange by the regenerative rotary commutation heater 2 is 50-80 °C. At this time, the water vapor in the flue gas is precipitated and reacts with sulfur trioxide to form acid-containing condensed water, and the condensed liquid removing device can remove 30% of the sulfur in the flue gas, thereby pre-desulfurizing effect, greatly Reduce the cost of subsequent flue gas desulfurization. In addition, some of the latent heat of vaporization in the flue gas can be recovered, thereby increasing the thermal efficiency of the boiler.
可选地， 空气为富氧空气， 且空气经过蓄热式旋转换向加热器 2 换热后被加热至 300-650°C。 由此， 空气提升温度较高。 Optionally, the air is oxygen-enriched air, and the air is heated by the regenerative rotary commutator heater 2 300-650 ° C. As a result, the air lift temperature is higher.
进一步的为了便于加工可以将热载体设置为热载体上层和热载体下层， 热载体上层设 置有脱硝催化剂层， 热载体上层和热载体下层通过焊接、 螺接、 铆接等形式进行固定。 热 载体上层高度具体数值的确定是根据锅炉型号进行确定。  Further, in order to facilitate processing, the heat carrier may be provided as a heat carrier upper layer and a heat carrier lower layer, and the heat carrier upper layer is provided with a denitration catalyst layer, and the heat carrier upper layer and the heat carrier lower layer are fixed by welding, screwing, riveting or the like. The determination of the height specific value of the upper layer of the heat carrier is determined according to the boiler model.
在本说明书的描述中， 参考术语 "一个实施例"、 "一些实施例"、 "示意性实施例"、 "示 例"、 "具体示例"、 或 "一些示例"等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、 结 构、 材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。 在本说明书中， 对上述术语 的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。 而且， 描述的具体特征、 结构、 材料或 者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。  In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. Particular features, structures, materials or features described in the examples or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In the present specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例， 本领域的普通技术人员可以理解： 在不脱 离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、 修改、 替换和变型， 本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。  While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, the embodiments of the invention may The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

权利要求书 claims
1、 一种搭载蓄热式换向加热器的粉状固体燃料锅炉， 其特征在于， 所述粉状固体 燃料锅炉包括有： 1. A powdered solid fuel boiler equipped with a regenerative reversing heater, characterized in that the powdered solid fuel boiler includes:
炉膛； hearth;
蓄热式旋转换向加热器， 所述蓄热式旋转换向加热器包括： Regenerative rotary reversing heater, the regenerative rotary reversing heater includes:
换热器主体； Heat exchanger body;
驱动装置， 所述驱动装置用于驱动所述换热器主体绕其中心轴线旋转； 分隔件， 所述分隔件沿着所述中心轴线的方向设置在所述换热器主体内， 且将 所述换热器主体分隔成至少一对容纳部分，所述每对容纳部分相对所述中心轴线成径向 相对设置； A driving device, the driving device is used to drive the heat exchanger body to rotate around its central axis; a partition, the partition is arranged in the heat exchanger main body along the direction of the central axis, and moves the The heat exchanger body is divided into at least one pair of receiving parts, and each pair of receiving parts is arranged radially opposite to the central axis;
热载体， 所述热载体分别容纳在所述容纳部分中， 所述热载体由非金属固体材 料所形成,并且所述热载体设置有脱硝催化剂层； Heat carriers, the heat carriers are respectively accommodated in the accommodation parts, the heat carriers are formed of non-metallic solid materials, and the heat carriers are provided with a denitration catalyst layer;
烟气通路， 所述烟气通路的入口端与所述炉膛的顶部相连通， 且出口端与所述蓄热 式旋转换向加热器相连通，以将炉膛内产生的烟气通入至少所述成对的所述容纳部分中 的一个内并与其中容纳的所述热载体换热； Flue gas passage, the inlet end of the flue gas passage is connected with the top of the furnace, and the outlet end is connected with the regenerative rotary reversing heater, so as to pass the flue gas generated in the furnace into at least within one of the pair of accommodation parts and exchanging heat with the heat carrier accommodated therein;
空气通路， 所述空气通路用于将空气至少通入所述成对的所述容纳部分中的另一个 内， 以使得其中容纳的所述热载体与所述空气进行换热。 An air passage, the air passage is used to pass air into at least the other one of the pair of accommodation parts, so that the heat carrier accommodated therein can exchange heat with the air.
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的粉状固体燃料锅炉， 其特征在于， 所述粉状固体燃料为 煤粉， 且所述煤粉由无烟煤、 贫煤中的至少一种所形成。 2. The pulverized solid fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulverized solid fuel is pulverized coal, and the pulverized coal is formed of at least one of anthracite and lean coal.
3、 根据权利要求 1 所述的粉状固体燃料锅炉， 其特征在于， 从所述烟气通路的所 述入口端朝向所述烟气通路的所述出口端依次设置有屏式过热器、 包墙过热器和过热 器。 3. The powdery solid fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, a panel superheater, a package are arranged in sequence from the inlet end of the flue gas passage toward the outlet end of the flue gas passage. Wall superheaters and superheaters.
4、 根据权利要求 3 所述的粉状固体燃料锅炉， 其特征在于， 在靠近所述烟气通路 的所述出口端的所述烟气通路内设置有省煤器。 4. The powdered solid fuel boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that an economizer is provided in the flue gas passage close to the outlet end of the flue gas passage.
5、 根据权利要求 1 所述的粉状固体燃料锅炉， 其特征在于， 从所述烟气通路进入 所述蓄热式旋转换向加热器内的烟气速度可调节。 5. The powdered solid fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the speed of the flue gas entering the regenerative rotary reversing heater from the flue gas passage is adjustable.
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的粉状固体燃料锅炉， 其特征在于， 所述热载体为 SiC或 者陶瓷， 且具有小球状、 片状或者多孔状的结构。 6. The powdered solid fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat carrier is SiC or ceramic, and has a spherical, flaky or porous structure.
7、 根据权利要求 1 所述的粉状固体燃料锅炉， 其特征在于， 经过所述蓄热式旋转 换向加热器换热后的烟气的温度为 50-80度。 7. The powdered solid fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the flue gas after heat exchange by the regenerative rotary reversing heater is 50-80 degrees.
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的粉状固体燃料锅炉， 其特征在于， 所述空气为富氧空气， 且所述空气经过所述蓄热式旋转换向加热器换热后被加热至 300-650°C。 8. The powdery solid fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the air is oxygen-rich air, and the air is heated to 300-300°C after heat exchange by the regenerative rotary reversing heater. 650°C.
9、 根据权利要求 1 所述的粉状固体燃料锅炉， 其特征在于， 所述蓄热式旋转换向 加热器进一步包括： 9. The powdered solid fuel boiler according to claim 1, wherein the regenerative rotary reversing heater further includes:
冷凝液体移除装置， 所述冷凝液体移除装置设置在所述换热器主体的下方， 以移除 换热过程中产生的冷凝液体。 A condensed liquid removal device, the condensed liquid removal device is provided below the heat exchanger body to remove Condensed liquid produced during heat exchange.
10、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种粉状固体燃料锅炉， 其特征在于， 所述热载体包括： 热载体上层， 所述热载体上层设置有脱硝催化剂层； 以及 10. A powdered solid fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat carrier includes: an upper layer of the heat carrier, and a denitration catalyst layer is provided on the upper layer of the heat carrier; and
热载体下层， 所述热载体下层与所述述热载体上层进行固定。 The heat carrier lower layer is fixed to the heat carrier upper layer.
1 1、 根据权利要求 1所述的粉状固体燃料锅炉， 其特征在于， 所述热载体中添加有 用于催化 NOx的催化剂。 11. The powdered solid fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that a catalyst for catalyzing NOx is added to the heat carrier.
12、 根据权利要求 1所述的粉状固体燃料锅炉， 其特征在于， 所述粉状固体燃料的 直径为 50-500um。 12. The powdered solid fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the powdered solid fuel is 50-500um.
PCT/CN2013/075697 2013-01-18 2013-05-16 Powdered solid fuel boiler equipped with regenerative rotating commutating heater WO2014110882A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

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RU2015133246A RU2622139C2 (en) 2013-01-18 2013-05-16 Powdered fuel boiler with rotary type cycle heater
AU2013374015A AU2013374015B9 (en) 2013-01-18 2013-05-16 Powdered solid fuel boiler equipped with regenerative rotating commutating heater
ZA2015/05205A ZA201505205B (en) 2013-01-18 2015-07-20 Pulverized solid fuel boiler installed with rotary-type regenerative heater

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CN201310019500.5 2013-01-18
CN201310018711.7 2013-01-18
CN2013200396495U CN203131785U (en) 2013-01-18 2013-01-18 Powdery solid fuel boiler
CN201310019500.5A CN103940275B (en) 2013-01-18 2013-01-18 Gas heat exchanger and gas heat exchange system with same
CN201310018711.7A CN103672843B (en) 2013-01-18 2013-01-18 Carrying heat storage rotates the powdered solid fuel boiler of commutation heater
CN201320039649.5 2013-01-18

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